(I)

M100004
2014.01.31

.................................................................................................................... !
......................................................................... !
!
..................................................................................................................... !

?
?

Mahbhta1
catudhtu2

chadhtuyo3()

5
6

mahbhta
ctummahbhtika( cattri mahbhtni catvri mahbhtni
( pahavi-mahbhta prthiv-mahdhtu)( po-mahbhta ab-mahdhtu)
( tejo-mahbhta)( vyo-mahbhta vyu-mahdhtu)
3
Abhidhammapiake, Vibhaga-mlak, 1. Khandhavibhago, 3. Dhtuvibhago, 2.
Abhidhammabhjanyavaan : Cha dhtuyo etassti chadhtuyo, yo loke puriso ti dhammasamudyo
vuccati, so chadhturo channa pathavdna nijjvamattasabhvna samudyamatto, na ettha jvo puriso v
atthti attho.
4

?
32

Titthyatandisutta9?
Im cha dhtuyoti, bhikkhave, may dhammo desito aniggahito asakiliho
anupavajjo appaikuho samaehi brhmaehi vihti. Iti kho paneta vutta.
Kiceta paicca vutta? Chayim, bhikkhave dhtuyo pathavdhtu, podhtu,
tejodhtu, vyodhtu, ksadhtu, viadhtu. Im cha dhtuyoti, bhikkhave, may
dhammo desito aniggahito asakiliho anupavajjo appaikuho samaehi brhmaehi
vihti. Iti ya ta vutta, idameta paicca vutta.

T01, no. 26, p. 435, c21-23

9
(7) 2. Mahvaggo , AN.3.62
http://agama.buddhason.org/AN/ANsearch1.php?str=%E5%BA%A6%E8%99%95&path=AN0485.htm
8

[]

1119 4
10(cha dhtugo)()

11

422

12
( 14 - 35 ) 20

10
11
12

Chadhtura:(cha )+[dhtu ])

1119 4

T01p. 690, b22-29

5

13
()()
()()()()

(Wat Paknam)
(Phramongkolthepmuni) 1916 (Wat Bangkuviang)

14

13
14

( 14 - 35 )
P182, no. 1615, p. 235, a1-b8

( upacra-samdhi)

(
)

Kmacchanddayo paccankadhamme sametti samatho.

15

16
:

15
16

Ps.A.83
( kasia)
7

1 51

Pabhassaramida17 bhikkhave, citta. Taca kho gantukehi upakkilesehi

upakkiliha. Ta assutav puthujjano yathbhta nappajnti. Tasm assutavato
puthujjanassa cittabhvan natthti vadmti. Pahama.
17

pabhassara (pabhassara)
(Luminous) AN.3.103 AN.5.23
MN.140 (bhavagacitta)
http://agama.buddhason.org/AN/AN0051.htm
8

!18

12

19
; (Ven. Bhikkhu Anlayo)

Returning to the remaining hindrances, an antidote to sloth (thna) and torpor (middha)
is to develop clarity of cognition (lokasa).20 In the discourses and the Vibhaga,
clarity of cognition seems to refer to the development of mental clarity.21 The
commentaries take the expression more literally and suggest the use of real light, either
from an external source, or else light as an internal mental image.22 Such clarity of
cognition takes place with the aid of mindfulness and clearly knowing (sampajna),
which brings into play two essential qualities of satipahna as a remedy against
sloth-and-torpor. This points back to the fact that satipahna itself can at times suffice
for countering a hindrance.

18

(Rupert Getihin)

p.213

1 51

http://agama.buddhason.org/AN/AN0051.htm
19
, T01, no. 1, p. 75, b4-9 [4][5]
20
e.g. at D I 71.
21
A IV 86 relates clarity of cognition to developing a radiant mind. Vibh 254 explains that clarity of
cognition refers to bright, clear, and pure cognitions, which Vibh-a 369 explains as cognitions free from the
hindrances.
22
Ps I 284 and Ps-p I 375.
9

()

()
10

11

(Samm23 Araha24)

217
25

23

Samm
PTS P-E dictionary(indecl.) [Vedic samyac
(=samyak) & sam connected, in one; see under sa] thoroughly, properly, rightly; in the right way, as it
ought to be, best, perfectly (opp. micch)
24

Araha ( arhat arahant)()

()(asekha)(sappurisa)bhagav araha sammsambuddho(
)
25
T32, no. 1646, p. 251, a8-10
12


32

26

227 228

(pariyatti )(paipatti )(paivedha29)30

(Three stages in the course of Buddhist Education31)

() (cint-may-pa)
() (suta-may-pa)
() (bhvan-may-pa)-
bhavanmayaa' - 32
26

T33, no. 1705, p. 266, c15-19

2X26, no. 517, p. 233, c14 // Z 1:94, p. 464, c9 // R94, p. 928, a9 :

28
2X26, no. 513, p. 157, a7-11 // Z 1:40, p. 384, a2-6 // R40, p. 767, a2-6

29
Pali-English Dictionary, TW Rhys Davids, William Stede, Paivedha [fr. pai+vyadh cp. paivijjhati & BSk.
prati- vedha MVastu i.86] lit. piercing, i. e. penetration, comprehension, attainment, insight, knowledge Ai.22, 44;
D iii.253; Ps i.105; ii.50, 57, 105, 112, 148, 182; Vbh 330; Miln 18; SnA 110, 111; Sdhp 65. -- appaivedha non
-- intelligence, ignorance Vini.230; S ii.92; iii.261; v.431; A ii.1; Dhs 390, 1061, 1162; Pug 21.
-- duppaivedha (adj.) hard to pierce or penetrate; flg. difficult to master Miln 250. --maggaphala realisation
of the fruit of the Path DhA i.110.
30
Buddhist Dictionary by NYANATILOKA MAHATHERA : In the 'progress of the disciple' (q.v.), 3 stages may
be distinguished: theory, practice, realization, i.e. (1) learning the wording of the doctrine (pariyatti ), (2)
practising it (paipatti), (3) penetrating it (paivedha) and realising its goal.
31
Buddhist Attitude to Education by Bhikkhuni Dhammananda Nguyen-Huong : There are three stages in the
course of Buddhist Education: Pariyatti- learning, Paipatti- practicing, and Paivedha- realization. Thus learning
is the first step on the way to Nibbna. http://www.budsas.org/ebud/ebdha294.htm
32
Buddhist Dictionary by NYANATILOKA MAHATHERA : With regard to the condition of its arising one
distinguishes 3 kinds of knowledge: knowledge based on thinking (cint-may-pa), knowledge based on
learning (suta-may-pa), knowledge based on mental development (bhvan-may-pa) (D. 33). And in
Visuddhimagga also explained:" 'Based on thinking' is that knowledge which one has accquired through one's
own thinking, without having learnt it from others. 'Based on learning' is that knowledge which one has heard
from others and thus acquired through learning. 'Based on mental development' is that knowledge which one has
acquired through mental development in this or that way, and which has reached the stage of full concentration"
(appan, q.v.) (Vis.M. XIV).
27

13

12

33

33

(Phramongkolthepmuni, )12
14

1
34

35
202

36

81 ()
37

34

CBETA, T02, no. 124, p. 547, c8-10

35

01p.556a26-b4
37
(lokasaa)( the perception
of light, AN.7.61)
(AN.7.61)(MN.10 )(adassanapailbhya savattati)
(AN.4.41, AN.6.29, DN.33)

36

15

38

AN.3.62, 1. Titthyatandisutta:
Imni cattri ariyasaccnti, bhikkhave, may dhammo desito aniggahito asakiliho
anupavajjo appaikuho samaehi brhmaehi vihti. Iti kho paneta vutta.
Kiceta paicca vutta? Channa, bhikkhave, dhtna updya
gabbhassvakkanti hoti; okkantiy sati nmarpa, nmarpapaccay sayatana,
sayatanapaccay phasso, phassapaccay vedan. Vediyamnassa kho panha,
bhikkhave, ida dukkhanti paapemi, aya dukkhasamudayoti paapemi, aya
dukkhanirodhoti paapemi, aya dukkhanirodhagmin paipadti paapemi.39
Tittha Sutta40: Sectarians, translated from the Pali by Thanissaro Bhikkhu
"Sustained by/clinging to the six properties, there is an alighting of an embryo.
There being an alighting, there is name-&-form. From name-&-form as a requisite
condition come the six sense media. From the six sense media as a requisite condition
comes contact. From contact as a requisite condition comes feeling. To one
experiencing feeling I declare, 'This is stress.' I declare, 'This is the origination of
stress.' I declare, 'This is the cessation of stress.' I declare, 'This is the path of practice
38
39
40

(7) 2. Mahvaggo, AN.3.62, 1. Titthyatandisutta. http://agama.buddhason.org/AN/AN0485.htm

AN 3.61; PTS: A i 173; Thai 3.62.
16

leading to the cessation of stress.'

3 62

[]

41

[]

2937 42

43
44

45

41

3 62 /()
T02, no. 125, p. 710, b12-c3cf. S. 6. 2. 4. Aruavat.
43
: www.zdic.net/z/20/js/7980.htm
44

www.zdic.net/c/e/1d/46909.htm
45
CBETA, T02, no. 125, p. 710, b13-14
42

17

46
32

47
(Phramongkolthepmuni)

46
47

(CBETA, T01, no. 26, p. 435, c23-26)

18

()
412

48

49

1.(cakkhu)
2.(na)
3.(pa)
4.(vijj) (1) (2)
(3)

48
49

T09, no. 262, p. 35, b29-c2

Dhammacakkappavattana Sutta Vin.i.12; UdA.324, 371; Mtu.iii.333
19

5.(loka)

()

105

20

50

47
50

T01, no. 26, p. 486, c21-p. 487, a13

21

51

24
51

T02, no. 99, p. 340, c4-20

22

[1]52

[2]53
47 13 //

5455

56
52

Attadpa, ( attadvpa),(relying on oneself, independent, founded on

oneself)
D.16./II,100.Tasmtihnanda, attadp viharatha attasara anaasara,
dhammadp dhammasara anaasara. Kathacnanda, bhikkhu attadpo viharati attasarao anaasarao,
dhammadpo dhammasarao anaasarao? Idhnanda, bhikkhu kye kynupass viharati atp sampajno
satim, vineyya loke abhijjhdomanassa. ((attadp)
(attasara=attappaisara )(anaasara)
(dhammadpo)(dhammasarao)
(anaasarao)(kye kynupass viharati)(atp).
(sampajno satim)(vineyya)(loke abhijjhdomanassa))
D.16./II,101.Ye hi keci, nanda, etarahi v mama v accayena attadp viharissanti attasara anaasara,
dhammadp dhammasara anaasara, tamatagge me te, nanda, bhikkh bhavissanti ye keci sikkhkmti.
(
(tama-t-agge=arahattanika
)(sikkhkm)) DA.16./II,548.Attadpti mah-samudda-gata-dpa viya attna
dpa patiha katv viharatha () (
) D.16./CS:p.2.146.Dvhi
bhgehi po gato etthti dpo. () aadpa

53

T02, no. 99, p. 177, a6-13[1] Attadpa.[2]

(SA)(MA)(DA)(AA)(attadp)
Maurice Walshe (be islands unto yourselves)
(with yourselves as an island, SN.22.43)dpa

55
(AA)
(saraa gacchmi)(I go
for refuge to)
56

(ajjhatta kye kynupass viharati--+-)

(dwells contemplating the body in the body internally)
(kye kynupass)()()(to determine the object (the body)
by isolating itfrom other things such as feeling, mind, etc.)
()
(one contemplates only the body as such, not as permanent, pleasurable, a self, or beautiful)

http://agama.buddhason.org/SA/SAsearch1.php?str=%E8%87%AA%E6%B4%B2%E4%BB%A5%E8%87%AA
%E4%BE%9D&path=SA0638.htm
54

23

ajjhatta kye kynupass

viharati

?
dwells contemplating the body in the body internally
--+-

kyekya

42

57
()

57

T02, no. 99, p. 304, a26-b4

24

25


()

()

()

()

()

()

()

()

Key: 1.(
) 2. 3. 4.
5. 6.

26

sutamayaa
cintamayaa bhavanmayaa

27