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BIOCHEMICAL
ACID
BY H. D.
(From
the Herter
Laboratory
(Received
RELATION
BETWEEN
AND GLUCOSE.
DAKIN
AND N.
W. JANNEY.
publication,
PYRUVIC
Laboratory
June
of the MonteJiore
1, 1913.)
1 Biochem.
Zeitschr.,
xlix,
2 Ibid., xl, p. 441, 1912.
p. 486,
1913.
177
In a recent communication
by Paul Mayer1 an unsuccessful
attempt was made to demonstrate glucose synthesis from pyruvic
acid in phlorhizinized
animals.
These negative results were the
more surprising on account of Paul Mayers earlier inve6tigations2
upon the effect and fate of pyruvic acid in the animal body:
In
these experiments it was shown in the most convincing fashion
that glucose may be excreted in the urine on administering pyruvic
acid to rabbits, that this effect is accompanied by hyperglycaemia,
and finally that glycogen synthesis could be shown to follow consumption of pyruvic acid by previously starved rabbits.
As a result of his negative experiments Paul Mayer is inclined
to the belief that a definite proof of the formation of glucose from
pyruvic acid cannot be furnished by the use of glycosuric animals.
Our own experiments, which were completed before the publication of Mayers second paper, lead to an entirely different conclusion.
Moreover, we have learned from conversation with Dr.
Ringer that he has obtained results essentially similar to ours.
By mutual arrangement
Dr. Ringers results appear simultaneously with our own (p. 145).
We find that the sodium salt of pyruvic acid given by mouth
to diabetic animals under suitable conditions may give rise to
almost as large an excretion of extra glucose as does administration of lactic acid itself.
In these experiments we have used
dogs treated with phlorhizin and also human diabetics.
When
sodium pyruvate
is administered
subcutaneously
to glycosuric
178
Glucose
Formation
from
Pyruvic
Acid
CsHlzOs
Glucose
III
GLUCOBE
NITROom
G:N
I
II
III
v, v
VI
VII
11.42
19.53
9.81
16.56
12.15
3.48
3.38
3.15
3.21
3.08
3.28
3.31
5.78
3.11
5.16)
3.94)
I
II
III
IV
V
25.38
27.03
25.07
25.91
29.92
7.83
7.83
6.43
7.60
7.29
3.24
3.45
3.88
3.41
4.14
28.19
32.15
27.52
26.29
8.93
8.12
8.82
8.91
3.16
3.96
3.12
2.95
II
III
IV
EXP.
8.75
/ 12.5 gms.
pyruvic
8.46
10.7 gms.
lactic
3.40
12 gms.
acid.
acid.
pyruvic
acid.
5.35
12 gms. pyruvic
acid.
6.65
i 10 gms.
acid.
pyruvic
NITROGEN
IV
:
--
II
III
IV
V
VI
VII
VIII
IX
X
XI
4.39
8.28
5.73
7.12
21.30
21.20
5.72
5.92
20.37
18.55
12.75
II 11.56
12.25
9.90
10.43
11.72
15.34
10.97
10.22
9.37
8.11
11.52
13.2
16.8
16.1
17.7
17.0
19.7
17.9
17.7
17.9
16.3
18.4
:4 gms. pyruvic
17 gms.
lactic
acid
acid
in 5 portions.
in 7 portions.
II
ERICJI
79
180
Glucose
Formation
from
Pyruvic
Acid
grams of pyruvic
the same amount
acid appears
to give 3.4 grams of (extra
glucose,
while
given by mouth
yielded
5.35 grams.
EXPERIMENT III.
Dog weighing
19 kgms.
10 grams of pyruvic
acid as
sodium
salt given by mouth
gave 6.65 grams of extra
glucose.
15 grams
of polymerized
pyruvic
acid given
subcutaneously
led to no additional
glucose
excretion.
EXPERIMENT IV. Female.
Moderate
case of diabetes
mellitus.
Multiple sclerosis
and slight
tubercular
involvement
of right
pulmonary
apex.
During
a preliminary
period
of nine days when the total
carbohydrate
consumption
averaged
80 grams per day, the average
daily glucose
excretion was 32 grams.
A large increase
in glucose
excretion
is seen to follow
the administration
of both sodium
pyruvate
and lactate.
EXPERIMENT V. A mild case of diabetes mellitus;
similar
to the above.
Only
a trifling
increase
(2-7 grams)
in glucose
excretion
followed
the consumption
of sodium
pyruvate
(28 grams)
and sodium
lactate
(5.3 grams).
The analyses
show little
of interest
and are not reproduced.
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