PRESENT

USE

FORM
Subj + verb + (-s 3rd)

Habits and repeated actions

PRESENT SIMPLE

Facts and States

Actions happening now (in progress)
Temporary situations
Time reference
Stative Verbs! Never use in cont.

PRESENT CONTINUOUS

Likes/dislikes (hate love like prefer)

Subj + verb - ing

Senses (sound look hear smell taste seem appear)

Thoghts/Opinions (belive forget know remember

understand -

think)

Other (be have[got] know)

Actions in the past wich have an effect on the present
Experiences with no time reference
Past and continues in the moment (present)
Take care:

Been (go and come back) Gone (encara no ha tornat)

Adverbs
PRESENT PERFECT

vs.
PRESENT PERFECT
CONTINUOUS

Since (desde)

For (durant)

Already (ja) [auxiliar+already+verb]

Just (acabar de) [auxiliar+just+verb]

Still (encara) [only negative] [subj + still + auxiliar]

Yet (encara) [negative,?]

PP. per emfatitzar les vegades que s'ha fet una cosa
PPC. emfatitzar la durada d'una acci
Emfatitzar la durada d'una acci (que encara dura al present)
Per focalitzar una acci

Subj. + have/has + verb 3

(past participle)

Subj.+ have/has been +

verb -ing

PAST
USE

FORM
Subject + verb 2 (in past)

Completed actions/events in the past

Things in the past which happened repeatly but finished

PAST SIMPLE

Past states.
When we are specifying the exact time:

ago,then,when,for... used to...

As/while/when + PC
When & While

When + PS

Past continuous = longer action.

Past simple = shorter action that interrumpts it.

Subj.+ was/were +
Action in progress at specific moment in the past

PAST CONTINUOUS

verb -ing

Interrumped actions in the past

Simultany situations

Subj. + had + verb 3

Actions/situations happened before other events in the past

PAST PERFECT

(past participle)

past perfect past present

We often usually use for and since

Subj. + had been +

verb-ing
PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS

Per emfatitzar una acci passada

llarga

inacabada

FUTURE
USE
WILL

BE GOING TO
PRESENT CONTINUOUS FOR FUTURE

Predictions or opinions about the future

FORM
Subj. + will + verb

Spontaneous decisions at the moment

Predictions based on evidence

Subj + be going to + verb

Plans or intentions
Specific time/place to talk about short plans already organised

USE
PRESENT SIMPLE FOR FUTURE USE

Futures accions sobre calendari, horaris... (timetable)

Desprs de: as soon as, before, after

Subj. + will be +
FUTURE CONTINUOUS

FUTURE PERFECT

Accions en progrs en un especfic temps del futur

verb ing

Events planejats de cara al futur

Something that will be completed by a specific moment in the

future

Subj.+ will have + verb 3

(past participle)

we usually use by