Procedure for the Design of Rectangular Patch

Antenna using HFSS

To set up an HFSS design, follow this general procedure.
Note that after you insert a design, you do not need to perform
the steps sequentially, but they must be completed before a
solution can be generated.
1. Insert an HFSS into a project.
2. Selecting the Solution Type

3. Set the models units of measurement.

4. Draw the model geometry and assign material
characteristics to objects.
5. Assign boundaries, which specify the field behaviour at the
edges of the problem region and object interfaces.
6. For Driven solution-type designs, assign excitations - sources
of electromagnetic fields and charges, currents, or voltages on
objects or surfaces.
7. Specify how HFSS or HFSS-IE will compute the solution.
8. (Optional) Set up any Optimestics you want to run.
9. Run the simulation
10. View solution results, post-process results, view reports,
and create field overlays.

Inserting an HFSS Design

The first step is to insert an HFSS
To insert an HFSS
Click Project>Insert HFSS Design

 The new design is listed in the project tree. It is named HFSS

Design by default.
The 3D Modeller window appears to the right of the Project
Manager. You can now create the model geometry.
Note: Click the plus sign to the left of the design icon in the
project tree to expand the project tree and view specific data
about the model, such as its boundary assignments.

Selecting the Solution Type

Before you draw the model for an HFSS project, specify the
designs solution type. As you set up your design, options
available in the user interface will depend upon the selected
solution type.
1. Click HFSS>Solution Type. The Solution Type dialog box appears.
2. Select one of the following solution types:
o
o
o
o

Driven Modal
Driven Terminal
Eigen mode
Transient

Here we select Driven Modal For calculating the mode-based Sparameters of passive, high-frequency structure such as micro
strip which is "driven" by a source and for computing incident
plane wave scattering.

Creating Substrate
Drawing a Box:
Draw a box by selecting two diagonally opposite corners
of the base rectangle, then specifying the height.

1. Click Draw>Box.
2. Select the first diagonal corner of the base rectangle in one
of the following ways:
o Click the point.
o Type the points coordinates in the text boxes in the
status bar.
To delete the selected point and start over, press ESC.

3. Double click on the box then the properties dialog box

appears. Now rename the box with substrate, assign the
material that is FR4-epoxy and set the transparency is 0.6
for all.

4. Click OK.
5. Expand the substrate by click on the plus symbol. Then
Creat Box appears.By Double Click on the creat box the
following dialog box will be appear.Give the values as per our

requirement.

6. click OK.

Creating Patch
Drawing a Rectangle
1. Click Draw>Rectangle.
2. Select the first diagonal corner in one of the following ways:
Click the point.
Type the points coordinates in the text boxes in the status
bar.
To delete the selected point and start over, press ESC.
3. Double click on the Rectangle then the properties dialog
box appears. Now rename the Rectangle with patch and set
the transparency is 0.6.

4. Click OK.

5. Expand the Patch by click on it and then double click on

the create Rectangle. Now the following dialog box will

appear.

Now assign the values as per our

requirement.

7. Click OK.
8. Select the patch and go to
HFSS>Boundaries>Assign>perfect-E.

Creating Feed
Drawing a Rectangle:
1. Click Draw>Rectangle
2. Select the first diagonal corner in one of the following ways:
o Click the point.
o Type the points coordinates in the text boxes in the
status bar.
To delete the selected point and start over, press ESC.

3. Double click on the Rectangle then the properties dialog

box appears. Now rename the Rectangle with Feed and set
the transparency is 0.6.

4. Click OK.
5. Expand the feed by click on the plus symbol. Then
CreatRectangle appears.By Double Click on the
CreatRectangle the following dialog box will be appear.Give
the values as per our requirement.

5. Click OK.
6. Select the Feed and go to
HFSS>Boundaries>Assign>perfect-E.
7. Select both Patch and Feed Right
click>Edit>Boolean>Unite.

Creating Ground
Drawing a Rectangle:
1. Click Draw>Rectangle.
2. Select the first diagonal corner in one of the following ways:
o Click the point.
o Type the points coordinates in the text boxes in the status
bar.
To delete the selected point and start over, press ESC.
3. Double click on the Rectangle then the properties dialog
box appears. Now rename the Rectangle with Ground and
set the transparency is 0.6.
4. Click OK.

5. Expand the Ground by click on the plus symbol. Then

CreatRectangle

appears.By Double Click on the

CreatRectangle the following dialog box will be appear.Give

the values as per our requirement.

6. Click OK.

7. Select the Ground and go to

HFSS>Boundaries>Assign>perfect-E.

Creating Port
Drawing a Rectangle:
1. Click Draw>Rectangle.
2. Select the first diagonal corner in one of the following ways:
o Click the point.
o Type the points coordinates in the text boxes in the
status bar.
To delete the selected point and start over, press ESC.
3. Double click on the Rectangle then the properties dialog
box appears. Now rename the Rectangle with port and set
the transparency is 0.6.

4. Click OK.

5. Expand the Ground by click on the plus symbol. Then

CreatRectangle appears.By Double Click on the
CreatRectangle the following dialog box will be appear.Give
the values as per our requirement

6. Click OK.
7. Select the Port and go to
HFSS>Excitation>Assign>Lumped port. Now Lumped

port General dialog Box will appear.

8. Now click on Next in the above dialog box then the

following dialog Box will appears. Give the Excitation by
selecting the Newline. Then only the Lumped port will be
defined.

Assigning Colour to Objects

1. Select the object to which you want to assign a colour.
2. In the Properties dialog box, click the Attribute tab.
3. Click Edit in the Colour row. The Colour palette appears.
4. Select a colour from the Colour palette, and then click OK.
The colour is assigned to the selected object.

Analysis Set Up and Generate Solutions

In this we will complete the following tasks:
o Add a solution setup.

o Add a frequency sweep to the solution setup.

o Validate the design.
o Run the analysis.

Add a Solution Setup to the Design:

1. Specify how HFSS will compute the solution by adding a solution
setup to the design. In the solution setup, you will instruct HFSS to
perform an adaptive analysis at 2.4 GHz. In the project tree, right click
Analysis, and then click Add Solution Setup on the shortcut menu. The

Solution Setup dialog box appears.

2. Under the General tab, type 2.4 in the Solution Frequency text
box, and leave the default unit set to GHz.
3. Leave the Maximum Number of Passes set to 20. This is the
maximum number of mesh refinement cycles that HFSS will perform.
4. Leave Maximum Delta energy at 0.01.
5. Leave the default settings and click OK. The solution setup is lt.
Assign the values as per our requirements. Listed in the Project tree
under Analysis. It is named Setup1 by default

6. Again go to analysis setup right click Analysis, and then click Add a
frequency sweep to the solution setup on the shortcut menu. The Edit
Sweep dialog box appears. Select sweep1 as per our requirements
sweep type, frequency setup type, starting and stopping frequency and
number of counts are given.

7. Click OK.

Validate the Design:

Before you run an analysis, it is helpful to verify that all of the
necessary setup steps have been completed and their parameters
are reasonable.
1. On the HFSS menu, click Validation Check .HFSS checks the project
setup, and then the Validation Check window appear.
2. Click Close. Now you are ready to run the simulation.

Analyze the Design

Now you will run the simulation.
1. On the HFSS menu, click Analyze all.
2. HFSS computes the 3D field solution for every solution setup in the
project. In this problem, Setup1 is the only setup. The solution process
is expected to take approximately 5 to 30 minutes, depending on the
machine speed and load. When the solution is complete, a
confirmation message appears in the Message Manager. The Progress
window displays the solution progress as it.

Check the Result

1. Right click on the Result appears in the project tree>Create Quick report
then the following dialog box will appear, select s-parameters click OK.

2.

Right click on the Result appears in

the project tree>Create Quick
report then the above dialog box will
appear, select VSWR click OK.

DIMENTIONS OF RECTANGLE MICROSTRIP ANTENNA

S.N

PARAMETER

WIDTH

LENGTH

POSITION

O
1
2
3
4
5

Substrate
Patch
Feed
Ground
Air box

47
36
2
47
70

38
29
7
2
60

0,0,0
5.5,7,0
22.5,0,0
0,0,-1.6
-10,-10,11.6

ANTENNA MODEL

RSESULTS:
S-parameter:
1. Right click on the Result appears in the project tree>Create Quick
report then the following dialog box will appear.
2. Select S-parameter Click Ok.

3.

Then S-parameter
graph will appear.

S Parameter

0.00

HFSSDesign1

ANSOFT

Curve Info
dB(S(1,1))
Setup1 : Sw eep

-5.00

dB(S(1,1))

-10.00

-15.00

-20.00

-25.00

1.00

1.50

2.00

2.50

3.00
Freq [GHz]

3.50

4.00

4.50

5.00

VSWR:
1. Right click on the Result appears in the project tree>Create Quick
report then the below dialog box will appear.
2. Select VSWR click OK.

3. Then VSWR graph will appear.

VSWR

15.00

HFSSDesign1

ANSOFT

Curve Info
VSWR(1)
Setup1 : Sw eep

12.50

VSWR(1)

10.00

7.50

5.00

2.50

0.00

1.00

1.50

2.00

2.50

3.00
Freq [GHz]

3.50

4.00

4.50

5.00

Far field infinite sphere setup:

1. Go to HFSS>Radiation>Insert Far Field Setup>Infinite
Sphere, then the following dialog box will appear, define the
values as per our requirement.
2. Click Ok.

E-field
1. After selecting the Patch, go to project manager and
right click on Field Overlays>Plot fields>E>Mag _E,
then the following dialog box will appear.
2. Now select the frequency and phase as per our
requirement, Click on Done.

H-field:
1. After selecting the Patch, go to project manager and
right click on Field Overlays>Plot fields>J>Mag _J
surf, then the following dialog box will appears.
2. Now select the frequency and phase as per our
requirement, Click on Done.

Radiation pattern:
1. Go to project manager, right click on Results>Create
Far Field Report>Radiation pattern, then the
following dialog box will appears.
2. Select our requirements and then go to families.

3. Now the following dialog box will appear, select the

values of phi and Frequency as per our requirements.
4. Click on New Report.

5. Then the Radiation pattern will appear.

Radiation Pattern 2

HFSSDesign1

-30

dB(GainTotal)
Setup1 : Sw eep
Freq='2.407035176GHz' Phi='0deg'

30
-1.00

dB(GainTotal)_1
Setup1 : Sw eep
Freq='2.407035176GHz' Phi='90deg'

-7.00
-60

60
-13.00
-19.00

-90

90

-120

120

-150

ANSOFT

Curve Info

150
-180

Smith chart:
1. Go to project manager right click on Results>Create
Model Solution Data Report>Smith chart, then the
following dialog box will appear.
2. Select our requirements and Click on New Report.

3. The corresponding Smith chart will appear.

Name
m1

Freq

Ang

Mag

Smith Chart 5

RX

2.4070 92.7662 0.0697 0.9837 + 0.1377i

120
130

110

100

90
80
1.00

0.50

140

HFSSDesign1

S(1,1)
Setup1 : Sw eep

60
2.00

50
40

150

30

160 0.20

5.00 20

170

10

m1

0.00
180
0.00

0.20

0.50

1.00

2.00

5.00

-170

-10

-160 -0.20

-5.00 -20

-150

-30

-140

-0.50

-130
-120

-110

-2.00
-1.00
-100
-90

-80

-70

-40
-50

-60

3-D plot:
1. Go to project manager, right click on Results>Create
Far Field Report>3D Polar plot, then the following
dialog box will appear.

ANSOFT

Curve Info

70

2. Select our requirements then go to families, the

following dialog box will appear.
3. Select the frequency and click on New Report.

4. Now 3D Plot will appears.