Professional Documents
Culture Documents
PROJECT REPORT
On
INDIAN TEXTILE INDUSTRY
FOR
THE PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE AWARD OF THE DEGREE OF
MASTER OF BUSINESS ADMINSTRATION
SUBMITTED BY:
PRINCE MALHOTRA
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Self Declaration
I, Mr. PRINCE MALHOTRA , Roll No. A19201142717 of MBA 2years in International
Business 2014-15 batch of Amity Directorate of Distance & online education, hereby declare that
all the information furnished in this PROJECT, is my original work containing authentic facts.
This piece of work is only being submitted to AMITY UNIVERSITY in the partial fulfillment
for the degree of MASTERS OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION.
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I express my sincere thanks and deep sense of gratitude for the inspiring guidance
and support rendered by my research guide, Mr. ARJUN GARG, OWNER AT
PRIMA EXPORTS NOIDA
I am thankful to Mr. MANAV (MBA international business) who extended a
helping hand during the course of the project, whenever needed, to the success in
this project.
Finally, I am grateful to so many people & Friends who shared valuable
information that helped in the successful completion of this project.
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INTRODUCTION
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
RESEARCH METHODOLGY
8.
9.
10.
11.
SUGGESTIONS
12.
CONCLUSION
13.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
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Chapter 1:
Introduction
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terms of
direct and indirect employment generation and net foreign exchange earnings.
The sector contributes about 14% to industrial production, 4% to the gross
domestic product (GDP), and 27% to the country's foreign exchange inflows. It
provides direct employment to over 45 million people. The textiles sector is the
second largest provider of employment after agriculture. Thus, the growth and
all round development of this industry has a direct bearing on the improvement
of India's economy.
India has overtaken Italy, Germany and Bangladesh to emerge as the world's
second largest
textile exporter. India's share in Global Textiles increased by 17.5% in 2013
compared to 2012.
Textiles exports from India will touch US$ 300 billion by the year 2024-25.
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Various Categories
Indian textile industry can be divided into several segments, some of which can
be listed as
below:
Cotton Second largest cotton and cellulosic fibres producing country in the
world.
Silk India is the second largest producer of silk and contributes about 18%
to the total
world raw silk production.
Wool India has 3rd largest sheep population in the world, having 6.15
crores sheep,
producing 45 million kg of raw wool, and accounting for 3.1% of total world
wool
production. India ranks 6th amongst clean wool producer countries and 9th
amongst greasy
wool producers.
Man-Made Fibres- the fourth largest in synthetic fibres/yarns globally.
Jute India is the largest producer and second largest exporter of the jute
goods.
Market Size
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expected to reach
US $ 141 billion by 2021. The industry is the second largest employer after
agriculture, providing direct employment to over 45 million and 60 million
people indirectly. The Indian Textile Industry contributes
approximately 5% to GDP, and 14% to overall Index of Industrial Production
(IIP). The Indian textile industry has the potential to grow five-fold over the
next ten years to touch US$ 500 billion mark on the back of growing demand
for polyester fabric. The US$ 500 billion market figure consists of domestic
sales of US$ 315 billion and exports of US$ 185 billion. The current industry
size comprises domestic market of US$ 68 billion and exports of US$ 40 billion.
Apparel exports from India have registered a growth of 17.6% in the period
April September 2014 over the same period in the previous financial year.
Global vs Domestic Scenario
The global trade of textile and garments was approximately $781 billion in
2013. This is almost
4.6 per cent of the trade of all commodities, which is estimated at
approximately $17 trillion.
From 2008 to 2013, the global textile and garment trade has grown at a CAGR
of 4 per cent.
The current global garment market is estimated at approximately $1.15 trillion
which form nearly
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Bilsar (Turkey)
Monti (Italy)
CMT (Mauritius)
E-land (S. Korea)
Nissinbo (Japan)
Marubeni (Japan)
Skaps (USA)
Ahlstorm (USA)
Terram (UK)
Strata Geosystems (USA)
Marks & Spencer (UK)
Zara (Spain)
Mango (Spain)
Promod (France)
Benetton (Italy)
Esprit (USA)
Levis (USA)
Forever 21 (USA)
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Set up as an SSI unit in the year 1992 with a minimum investment of Rs.1 Cr. Currently having a
Vision
The vision of the Company is to become a leading manufacturer and exporter of apparel by
continuously excelling in Quality, Service and Customer Satisfaction using the best technology, processes
and people.
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Quality Policy
The company is committed to achieve total customer satisfaction by producing
superior products at competitive price and timely delivery with total involvement and
excellence.
Managing
Sampling in Director
charge
Pattern Master
Cutting
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P acharge
ge
Manager
Time Officer
(Raw
Line Inspector
Stores
materials
&
Merchandiser
Supervisors
(checking, ironing,
packing)
General
Manager
Factory
Manager
Export
Department
Production
Manager
fabric)
Partne
r
Communicatio
n
Marketing
In-house
Quality
Development
Finished
&
Warehouse
In
Accounts
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SWC , USA
Design In Motion , USA
Henrich Opermayer , Germany
GMBH , Germany
Overseas Suppliers:
Domestic Suppliers
Share to Export
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Each country has its own rules and regulations regarding the foreign trade. For the fulfillment of
all the rules and regulations of different countries an exporting company has to maintain and fulfill
different documentation requirements. The documentation procedure depends on the type of goods,
process of manufacturing, type of industry and the country to which goods is to be exported.
In order to complete an order for Knitted garment, many activities like communication between
different departments, the process of outsourcing raw material, payment process, quality control, packing
and shipment of goods etc. are undertaken. Different departments work in synchronicity & various
documents are prepared in the process. Hence, a single mistake or lack of proper planning can lead to the
rejection of the whole order or increase the cost.
Todays world is the global village in which each country is trading with other countries in the
form of export or import. This field has a great scope because today each company whether it is small or
big wants to engage in foreign trade.
Hence, it is very important to study the export procedure and documents involved in it. Hence,
selecting this project is a judicious decision.
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i.
ii.
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This project would be helpful to fulfill many loopholes of manufacturing, processing and
analyzing the export order as well as documentation.
It will also look into the steps taken to manage risks in the point of the firm.
Disclosure of certain sensitive information, e.g. the commissions for the Post-Shipment formalities
Formalities at both the stages of shipment are subject to change by the home or foreign Countrys
norms
RESEARCH METHODOLGY
RESEARCH DESIGN
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It is not always desirable or possible to use fully structured or formal methods to obtain
information from respondents.
People may be unable & unwilling to answer certain questions or unable to give truthful answers.
People may be unable to provide accurate answer to question that tap their sub consciousness.
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In Primary data, Qualitative research through In-Depth Interviews has been adopted. For
interviews nonstructured open-ended questions were used.
In Secondary data, both internal & external research was done. For internal research Ready
to use documents available with the organization were used. For external research Internet
website & published books were consulted.
Using the sales turnover of past five years, simple percentage are calculated for basic
styles and for the companys buyers.
Using the statistical technique of least square method future trend for this concern has been
forecasted
The textile and apparel supply chain accounts for a good share in terms of number of companies
and people employed. The apparel industry here is divided into four main segments. At the top of the
supply chain, there are fiber (raw material) producers using either natural or synthetic materials. Raw
fiber is spun or knitted into fabric by second segment. The third segment of the supply chain is the apparel
manufacturer which converts fabric into garment with many processes involved. The final segment is the
retailers who are responsible for making apparels available to consumers.
It has been explained using the T angle apparel supply chain. This shows how buyer, suppliers
and garment manufacturer are linked to each other. The T angle illustrates how information flows from
the buyer to the apparel manufacturer. The information normally, sketches of the garment given by the
buyer, are studied by the manufacturer and accordingly list of raw materials required is made. The
different swatch (standard for type of yarn, colour of the yarn and piece of accessories) are sent to
different suppliers for development. The supplier develops and sends it to manufacturer and which is
forwarded to buyer. Once approved by buyer, the orders are placed with the suppliers with approved
samples. When the raw materials are received as per the specifications given to the supplier, in-house
manufacturing starts with the production. The different process of manufacturing results in the final
garment product which is finally dispatched to the Buyer. The Buyer then retails the same through stores
to the ultimate consumers.
The T angle of the Apparel Supply Chain
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The buyer side is normally involved with designing of the garment, production of samples, order
collection, apparel retail.
Apparel Design
Designing of Apparel is either done in-house or contracted to design companies. The first step in
designing is the analysis of the consumer which the Company is targeting. The apparel design is
influenced by various parameters like other designer collection presented in the fashion cities of the
world, fashion reviews from earlier seasons, fashion magazine also plays an important input for the
design efforts and most important is the feedback gained from the sales of the similar products that were
developed earlier.
Once the designs are developed, decisions regarding the fabric like cotton or polyester and quantity etc
are made. Based on fabric and quantity decided, decisions related to country and manufacturers are made.
Once decision is made, developed designs are sent to different manufacturers and are asked to develop
proto samples (the stage brings design from paper to cloth for design appearance). Normally, during proto
stage manufacturer figure stands between 5 and 8. Once proto are developed, number of manufacturers is
reduced to 2 to 3 depending on the total quantity of the article and also on selected manufacturer
production capacity or volumes. The order quantities are placed to different manufacturers and
manufacturer is asked to develop size-sets (alternate sizes of the garment are developed example S:
Small, L: Large, XXL: Extra Large). Once size-set is approved, sale samples (samples developed for
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Apparel Retail
Apparel products are made available to consumers in a variety of retail outlets. Specialty stores
offer a limited range of apparel products and accessories specialising in a specific market segment.
Apparel sales also take place through wholesalers or mass merchandisers such as Wal-Mart, Kmart and
Target. These retailers offer a variety of hard and soft goods in addition to apparel. Departmental stores
like Macys, Nordstrom offer a large number of national brands in both hard and soft goods categories.
Off-price stores, such as Marshalls and T.J.Maxx buy excess stock of designer- label and branded apparel
from retailers and are able to offer lower prices but with incomplete assortments. The apparel sale is also
shared by mail order companies, e-tailors through internet, and factory outlets etc.
such as cotton, linen, jute etc and animal fibre such as wool. Synthetic fibres include nylon, polyester,
acrylic etc. Synthetic fibre production usually requires significant capital and knowledge. Natural and
synthetic fibres of short lengths are converted into yarn by spinners, throwsters and texturizers.
Different types of fibres can also be blended together to produce yarn such as grindle etc.
Accessory Production
Surface embellishments have taken the apparel section to a great extent. A variety of buyers
desire to use different embellishment for their customers. Those traditional like buttons and hooks to
rubber prints and design made items. The manufacturer depends on these suppliers specializing in
accessory for the supply chain and order execution.
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Fabric production
This segment of supply chain transforms the yarn into fabric by process of knitting. In knitting,
yarn is interloped by latched and spring needles i.e. two different loops are mingled together with needle
adjustment. Grey Yarn may be knitted by a simple procedure to produce grey fabric and which are then
dyed for a specific color. Instead, dyed yarns may also be knitted but not dyed.
Once the approvals regarding the raw-material are made by the buyer, the manufacturer can proceed with
the production.
Apparel Production
The process proceeds once the fabric is produced; it is either dyed or washed. The dyed
(coloured) yarn fabric is washed and grey fabric is dyed into a specific colour. After dyeing or washing,
fabric is finished by removing water in the tumbler and later pressed in stenter which also maintains
width of the fabric. Now the fabric is ready for garmentising i.e. it is ready to be cut and stitched into the
garment.
Garmentising starts with the design of the garment to be made (usually on the paper called
specs). Patterns (usually made up of thicker and stronger paper) are made from the design which is then
used to cut the fabric (cutting usually happens in the form of layers). An efficient layout of the patterns on
the layers of fabric is crucial for reducing the wasted material. CAD systems are used for pattern layout
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In the stitching section, garment is usually assembled using the progressive bundle system (PBS).
In PBS, the work is delivered to individual work stations from the cutting department in bundles. Sewing
machine operators then process or sew them in batches i.e. first few are operation are joining the different
parts together and then further amendments related to design are carried out. The supervisors direct and
balance the line activities and check the quality. This involves large work in progress (WIP) inventories
and minimal flexibility. For faster apparel production, use of unit production system which reduces the
buffer sizes between the operations or modular assembly systems and allows a small group of sewing
operators to assemble the entire garment.
then shipped to the retailers warehouse. In an effort to reduce time from placement of the product order
to the consumers purchase of the apparel, several practices are gaining popularity. There is increased
automation and use of electronic processing in the warehouses of both manufacturers and retailers.
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Testing of Yarns,
Count, knit ability,
wash ability,
spirality, strength,
shade (if yarn dyed)
Yarn Inhouse
100% fabric
Quality
check
KNITTING Trial of
1st lot of fabric in
Dyeing.
Knit Set
Approval
WAREHOUSE
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FINISHING
Bulk
Knitting
Batch
Preparation
Recipe
formulation
(automatic
color kitchen)
Dyeing
Process
WAREHOUSE
CAD marker - As
per approved
garment
SHIPMEN
T
Final Audit
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100% Garment
Checking
FINISHI
NG
100%
Garmen
t
Checkin
Issue to
Stitching
100% Panel
Inspection
100% Needle
Detection
PACKI
NG
CUTTI
NG
WASHI
NG
STITCHI
NG
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Company mainly deals in two segments of the apparel supply chain i.e. one manufacturing of
fabric and other manufacturing of garment. These two segments are two different processes but are very
much linked in the supply chain. The Company has different departments each having specified functions
and responsibilities. Description of each department will follow in respect to how they occur in supply
chain:
Yarn Department
Yarn (thread) is one of the most important raw-materials for the garment manufacturing.
Company purchases yarn from other spinning mills across the country and also sometimes from other
countries such as China and Taiwan. Yarn department is responsible for placing order of yarn to the mills.
Their responsibility is to make sure yarn is ordered from right supplier, delivered in right time with
desired quality and maintain stock listing of yarn. Yarn department is also responsible for checking the
quality i.e. strength, color and quantity of the yarn delivered. The decision regarding the yarn quantity,
quality and strength is decided by PPC i.e. production, planning and control department. PPC places the
order one month in advance.
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Knitting Department
Knitting department is responsible for producing knitted fabric i.e. fabric from yarn. For fabric
production, two types of machines are normally used i.e. circular knitting machine and flat knitting
machine. Knitting department receives orders from PPC stating article or style number and quantity of
fabric required. The knitting department makes the production planning for all knitting machines based on
request from PPC and also calculates and orders required yarn from the yarn department. Planning is
usually done for every week.
colored) fabric, department is responsible for coloration of fabric and for dyed (colored) fabric,
department is responsible for washing. The process of dyeing is time consuming and as different color
checks are required. The department receives order from the PPC stating article and quantity required.
The department makes the production plan for the dyeing and the washing machine based on order from
the PPC and also sends request to knitting department for the dispatch of the fabric. Planning is done on
weekly basis. Dyeing is sent to the processing unit in Tirupur or Erode. Selection is based on the basis of
cost, finish, loyalty and credit terms. The processed fabric is imported from China and Taiwan incase
when it cannot be done in India. This is upon the request of the buyer specifically.
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Finishing Department
The department is responsible for finishing of the fabric with a proper procedure so that it is
ready for garment production. Whether the fabric is dyed or washed, it follows the same process in the
finishing department. Once the fabric is washed or dyed, it needs to be tumbled in tumbler (sort of big
washing machine) responsible for removing water and maintain the fabric width and shrinkage. After
which fabric is dried in a Stenter (dryer) and packed in layer and is ready for garment production. The
finishing departments receive orders from PPC again stating the article or style number and the quantity.
The department sends the fabric to the mentioned cutting section.
Cutting Department
The department is responsible for cutting of the fabric into different parts of the garment. This
department is mainly responsible for cutting and avoiding wastage. To ensure minimum wastage, proper
set of tools such as CAD and others are used in the process. The PPC by using CAD and other tools issues
article average with a draft or diagram of how different patterns should be placed on to the layer. The
cutting department based on their experience and expertise either accepts the proposed average or
sometimes gives a better average by few percent. The department makes production plan for all cutting
stations based on article or style requested. This also works on weekly basis. Once fabric is cut different
parts of the same garment are bundled together.
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Stitching Department
The department is responsible for stitching different parts of garment together. The process takes
place in the assembly line system. The assembly line system is the set of many different stitching
machines each for a specific purpose. These machines are arranged in an orderly fashion depending on
how different parts of garment should be attached. Assembly line method is used for large production.
PPC decides on the article or style to be produced with quantity. The stitching department makes
necessary production planning i.e. time line in accordance with each article. The stitching process is the
most time consuming and labour intensive process in the entire garment production. The planning is done
weekly.
requires a series of quality checks. The garment goes through the quality checks like color test, washing
test, stitching test etc. After which it is steam pressed, labeled, packed into garment bags and finally, put
into the cartons. Once all cartons are packed and labeled, external quality check takes place and goods are
shipped. The PPC department gives the details of the PO to be finished, packed and dispatched.
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Merchandising Department
The department acts as a liaison between the buyer and manufacturing division. On one hand, the
department is responsible for notifying changes in the product to the PPC and also to make sure that
article is produced as per planning by the PPC and within dispatch time limits. On the other hand, it has to
continually update buyer with planning and production status. The department takes care of all
correspondence with buyer and is responsible for communicating it to PPC. The department also takes
care of necessary sampling such as proto, size set and final which is necessary prior to production.
departments. PPC being in the centre of all departments also controls their functionality. The PPC sends
production plan to different departments on weekly basis and daily for any amendments. The PPC keeps
check on different departments by requesting planning and production reports for each day. PPC only
receives orders from the Management. With order quantity and dispatch date, it does the planning for
product cycle. The top management is in continuous contact with PPC.
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It is essential that a person engaged in international trade be aware of the various procedures
involved. The business of exports is heavily document-oriented & one must get acquainted with the entire
procedure. Failure to comply with documentary requirement may lead to financial loss.
The procedural aspect of export operations are quite formidable and for that matter even an
experienced exporter is overwhelmed by the magnitude of procedural requirements at every stage of
export execution right from the time an export order is obtained until the realization of export procedures
and the benefits thereof.
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On receiving the requisition & purchase order from merchant (See Annexure 3 and 4),
documentation department issues an invoice. Two invoices are prepared i.e. commercial invoice &
custom invoice. Commercial invoice is prepared for the buyer & Custom invoice is prepared for
the Custom authorities of both the countries.
Custom annexure
On receipt of above documents, customs will issue clearance certificate.
After custom clearance a set of documents with custom clearance receipt are sent along with the
consignment to the forwarder. Forwarder books the shipment & as per the size of the cartons
calculates CBM & decides which container to be used.
Following documents are sent to buying house for their reference, as per buyers requirement:
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Invoice
Packing List
GSP (if exports to Europe)
Certificate of Origin (if required)
Wearing Apparel sheet
A copy of FCR/ Airway Bill/ Bill of Lading
Buying house then intimates the buyer about the shipment & gives the details regarding
it. Buying house will send a set of these documents to the buyer.
Buyer collects the consignment from the destination port by showing the following documents:
Invoice
Packing List
Bill of lading/ FCR/ Airway Bill
On shipment of goods, exporter will send the documents to the importers bank.
Post-Shipment Procedure
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If the payment terms are a confirmed L/C then the payment will be made by the foreign bank on
receiving the following documents:
Invoice
Packing list
B/L
Any other required by the buyer or the country of import.
After shipment, exporter sends the documents to the buyers bank for payment. As the buyers bank
receive the documents it will confirm with the buyer for release of payment. On confirmation, it
will make the payment in the foreign currency. The transaction will be Bank to Bank.
The domestic branch will credit the exporters account, as against the respective purchase order or
invoice, in Indian rupees by converting the foreign currency as per the current bank rate.
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If the payment is through wire transfer, the payment will be made as per the terms agreed by the
exporter (Advance payment, as per the clause 50% advance & remaining 50% on shipment).
Export Documents
An export trade transaction distinguishes itself from a domestic trade transaction in more than
one way. One of the most significant variations between the two arises on account of the much more
intensive documentation work. The documents mentioned in the pre & post shipment procedure are
discussed below:
1. Invoice: It is prepared by an exporter & sent to the importer for necessary acceptance. When the
buyer is ready to purchase the goods, he will request for an invoice. Invoice is of 3 types:
a. Commercial invoice: It is a document issued by the seller of goods to the buyer raising his claim
for the value of goods described therein, it indicates description of goods, quantity, value agreed
per unit & total value to be paid. Normally, the invoice is prepared first, & several other
documents are then prepared by deriving information from the invoice.
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The goods produced in a particular country are subject to preferential tariff rates in the foreign
market at the time importation.
The goods produced in a particular country are banned for import in the foreign market.
5. GSP: It is Generalized System of Preference. It certifies that the goods being exported have
originated/ been manufactured in a particular country. It is mainly useful for taking advantage of
mentioned
are
then stamped and signed by the authorized representative of exporter with place an date.
This form A GSP is sent between the countries, which have bilateral agreements. This certified
original form will be used by importing country to import the consignment with deduction in import
duty.
7. Wearing Apparel Sheet: It is like a check list which gives the detail regarding the content &
design of the garment packed.
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9. Airway Bill: An airway bill, also called an air consignment note, is a receipt issued by an airline for
the carriage of goods. As each shipping company has its own bill of lading, so each airline has its own
airway bill. Airway Bill or Air Consignment Note is not treated as a document of title and is not
issued in negotiable form.
10. Mate's Receipt: Mate's receipt is a receipt issued by the Commanding Officer of the ship when the
cargo is loaded on the ship. The mate's receipt is a prima facie evidence that goods are loaded in the
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Importance of Mates receipt:The main importance of mates receipt is that is serves as an acknowledgement of the goods
loaded on the ship. After loading, the goods remain in the custody of the captain / mate of the ship.
1. It enables the agent of the exporter to pay port trust dues. After making payment of port dues, the
agent collects the mates receipt and submits it to the customs preventive officer.
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11. Shipping Bill: Shipping bill is the main customs document, required by the customs authorities for
granting permission for the shipment of goods. The cargo is moved inside the dock area only after the
shipping bill is duly stamped, i.e. certified by the customs. Shipping bill is normally prepared in five
copies:
Customs copy
Drawback copy
Exporter's copy
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12. Letter of Credit: This method of payment has become the most popular form in recent times; it is
more secured as company to other methods of payment (other than advance payment). A letter of
credit can be defined as an undertaking by importers bank stating that payment will be made to the
exporter if the required documents are presented to the bank within the variety of the L/C.
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Mode of transport
Details of goods to be exported like description of the product, quantity, unit rate, terms of
shipment like CIF, FOB etc.
Type of packing
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Reimbursement clause
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Bill of exchange
2.
Bill of lading
3.
Commercial invoice
4.
Packing list
5.
Inspection certificate
6.
GSP certificate
Negotiation
A complete set of negotiable documents is presented to the negotiating bank through whom the
documentary letter of credit has been advised. Where the exporter has complied with all the terms and
conditions of the letter of credit while submitting his documents to the negotiating bank, the documents
are deemed to be clean. The letter of credit opened by the buyer through his bank (opening bank)
authorizes drawing a bill of exchange against which payment will be made by the opening bank on behalf
of the buyer, provided the terms and conditions specified in the letter of credit are complied with.
Bill of exchange
It is the negotiable instrument through which the amount of export invoice / invoices will be
collected from the corresponding bank specified by the importer through exporters bank. It contains
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Excise Rebate:
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i.
Authorities. The amount of the bond will be equal to the duty on the estimated maximum outstanding of
goods leaving the factory without paying the duty and pending acceptance of their proof of export by
excise authorities. No excise need to be paid by the exporter.
ii.
Refund of Duty:
If the duty is already paid, after export is made, the exporter should make a claim with the Central
Excise Authorities. After verification of the claim, the excise authorities will arrange for the refund of the
central excise.
Where the excisable materials have been used in the manufacture, similar to the above
arrangement, the exporter can avail of the facility of manufacturing under bond or he can claim refund
after duty is paid.
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SALES (RS)
VARIATION (RS)
PERCENTAGE
2005
21.74
2006
24.94
3.2
15.27
2007
40.67
15.73
24.90
2008
48.63
7.96
29.77
2009
27.33
-21.3
16.735
13.31
Interpretation
The above table indicates the total export position from the year 2005-2009. The sales turn over
increases from the year 2006 -2008 and reduce in the year 2009 with the variation value of 21.3
Turn Over of PON SANGER EPORTS
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The product wise sales turn over and variations are fluctuating year by year.
From the past export analysis for the country United States, the export variations are positive with
an increase of Rs.9.64 crores from the year 2008.
From the past export analysis for the country Europe, the export has drastically reduced from the
year 2008 to 2009 with the variation of Rs.9.13 crores.
From the past export analysis for the country Canada, the exports reduced year by year except for
the year 2008 which increased with the variation of Rs.5.66 crores.
As an overall study, we can find that the firm has enjoyed more benefits and sought more profits
in the year 2008.
Year 2009 has been seen as less profitable than the year 2007 and 2008.
From the future trend analysis, the export of the company increases year by year.
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SUGGESTIONS
As only certain documents are put in use, the other documents have no power in the company
which will be supportive to reduce the export procedures.
As many of the documents are part in the use of documentation and procedures which may delay
and tend to loss the customers.
The company has to speed up the paper work.
Update of available export incentives.
The company should check the exchange rates before entering into particular markets which will
help in achieving more profits.
The company can improve its sales by improving its quality and promotional activities.
The company has to improve their infrastructure facilities which will increase the exports.
If all the processing units are brought under one roof, it will reduce the processing time of goods
and it will lead to timely delivery of goods to the customers.
Try for ISO certifications, which will value the company higher.
Require more knowledge on the incentives offered by the Government.
Can opt for Market Development Assistance from the Government of India, for Exhibition and
Stalls overseas.
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CONCLUSION
The study was conducted to know the process involved in an apparel firm and to study about the
various departmental functions which coordinates to complete the export cycle. The export procedure of
the firm has been seen clearly and other related aspect has been known.
From the analysis it is found that the performance of the company is satisfactory, but the
company is facing problem regarding excess of documents which causes delay in transportation.
Therefore necessary steps should be taken to limit the number of documents so that the company can
make distribution at right for the company and it helps the company to have competitive advantage over
its competitors.
There are signs of good future for PON SANGER EXPORTS, AVINASHI because of growing
demand for Indian knitwear in the world market.
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BIBLIOGRAPHY
Books
1. Balagopal T.A.S, Export Management, Himalaya Publishing House, nineteenth edition 2007
2. Jeevanandam.C., Foreign Exchange- practice, concepts and control, Sultan Chand and Sons,
tenth edition 2007
3. Kothari C.R., Research Methodology, Method & techniques, New Age International. Pvt. Ltd,
Second Edition, 1985
4. Mahajan M.I., A guide on export policy, procedure and documentation, Tata McGraw hill
publishing company ltd, Third Edition 2005
5. Dr.Varma.M.M. & Aggarwal R.K, Foreign Trade Management, King Book, second edition
2006
6. Puri, V. K., Exporters Guidelines, A Basic Book on How to Export as per Govt. Policy &
Procedures, 2nd Edition, JBA Publishers, 2008-09
7. Paul, Justin & Aserkar, Rajiv, Export Import Management, 2nd Edition, Oxford University
Press, 2009, Chapter 2, pp. 17-29.
Reference Site
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http://www.sebi.gov.in/dp/splfinal.pdf as
http://search.barnesandnoble.com/Export-Import-Procedures-and-Documentation/Thomas-E-
Johnson
http://www.allbusiness.com/business-planning-structures/starting-
a- business/3878207-
1.html
Export Trade Sector Using Available Trade Finance Tools and Resources 5, Koch
and John.
http://www.allbusiness.com/trade-development/trade-development-finance/8890466-1.html
True cost of export documentation7, Corinne Campbell.
http://www.dynamicbusiness.com/articles/articles-export/true-cost-of-exportdocumentation2043.html
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