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Write down the numbers, one under the other, with the decimal
points lined up
Put in zeros so the numbers have the same length
Then add using column addition, remembering to put the
decimal point in the answer
That's all there is to it - just remember to line up the decimals, then add normally.
Subtracting
To subtract, follow the same method: line up the decimals, then subtract .
Do these operations:
a) 3,7 + 0,25 + 18 =
c) 30,01 - 7,35 =
d) 12,403 + 45 + 6,28 =
e) 72,084 - 36,9 =
f) 100 - 64,08 =
h) 12,99 - 11,888 =
i) 74,001 - 68 =
Multiplying Decimals
Then put the decimal point in the answer - it will have as many decimal
places as the two original numbers combined.
In other words, just count up how many numbers are after the decimal point
in both numbers you are multiplying, then the answer should have that many
numbers after its decimal point.
Do these operations:
a) 36,04 0,32 =
b) 3,72 2,06 =
c) 4,99 0 113 =
d) 0,342 0,85 =
e) 6,75 141 =
f) 5,25 0 75 =
g) 0,25 0,001 =
h) 0,0038 3,025 =
i) 0,67 0 61 =
Dividing Decimals
Dividing a Decimal Number by a Whole Number
To divide a decimal number by a whole number:
Then put the decimal point in the same spot as the dividend
Example:
The answer is
1,3
b) 3,215144 : 5,42 =
c) 27,792 : 0,36 =
d) 37,24 : 7,6 =
e) 1,5408 : 42,8 =
f) 120 : 0,054 =
g) 0,2208 : 0,0069 =
h) 3 000,5 : 28 =
i) 23,875 : 57 =
b) 96 : 1 000 =
c) 96 : 10 =
g) 55,1 : 100 =
d) 73,45 : 1 000 =
h) 55,1 : 10 000 =
e) 73,45 : 10 =
i) 55,1 : 1 000 =
f) 73 45 : 10 000 =
j) 235 : 100 =
285 : 6 = 47,5
a) 112 : 40 =
:0,009 =
b) 112 : 400 =
3,6 : 0,9 = 4
d) 285 : 60 =
e) 285 : 600 =
c) 112 : 4 000 =
: 90 =
f) 285 : 6 000 =
g)3,6
h) 3,6 : 9 =
i) 3,6
Fractions
A fraction is a part of a whole
Slice a pizza, and you will have fractions:
/2
(One-Half)
/4
(One-Quarter)
/8
(Three-Eighths)
Fractions of a quantity
How do we find
/5
Method 1 is to find
1
/5
/5
/5
/5
of 20, so we multiply 4 by 3.
of 20 = 4 3 = 12.
Method 2 is to multiply
3
/5
of 20 is 20 5 = 4.
We need
3
of 20?
20 =
/5
(3 20 ) : 5 =
by 20
60 : 5 = 12
Find out:
1
a of 12
3
2
of 12
3
1
b of 18
6
5
of 18
6
1
c of 40
8
5
of 40
8
2 And now:
2
a of 15
5
3
b of 21
7
4
e of 30
5
3
g of 48
4
3
k of 715
5
3
i of 85
5
decimal
/1
Step 2: Multiply both top and bottom by 10 for every number after
the decimal point. (For example, if there are two numbers after the
decimal point, then use 100, if there are three then use 1000, etc.)
Step 3: Simplify (or reduce) the fraction
Example: Express 0,75 as a fraction
Step 1: Write down 0,75 divided by 1:
0,7
5
1
Step 2: Multiply both top and bottom by 100 (there were 2 digits
after the decimal point so that is 1010=100):
100
0,75
75
=
100
100
Step 3: Simplify the fraction (this took me two steps):
75
15
=
100
3
=
20
Express as a fraction:
a) 0.85
b) 0,25
c) 1,2
d) 2,4
e) 12,5
f) 21,6
g) 3,6
h) 24,2
i) 50,2
is 3 divided into 4
Express in decimal:
/5 =
/4 =
/2 =
/8 =
/5 =
/4 =
/6 =
/12 =
/8 =
Equivalent Fractions
Equivalent Fractions have the same value, even though they may
look different.
These fractions are really the same:
1
2
=
2
4
4
=
8
/2
/4
/8
Simplifying Fractions
To simplify a fraction, divide the top and bottom by the highest
number that
can divide into both numbers exactly.
The way to simplify a fraction is dividing both the top and bottom of
the fraction until you can't go any further (try dividing by 2,3,5,7,...
etc).
24
/108
24
12
=
108
6
=
54
2
=
27
Simplify
Adding and
Subtracting Fractions
Step 1: Make sure the bottom numbers (the denominators) are the same
Step 2: Add or subtract the top numbers (the numerators), put the answer over
the denominator
Example 1:
1
1
+
Step 1. The bottom numbers (the denominators) are already the same. Go straight
to step 2.
Step 2. Add the top numbers and put the answer over the same denominator:
1
1+1
+
4
1
=
/4
/4
/4
/2
Example 2:
1
/2
/6
Step 1. The bottom numbers are different. See how the slices are different sizes?
We need to make them the same before we can continue, because
we can't subtract them like this:
1
/2
/6
To make the bottom numbers the same, multiply the top and bottom of the first
1
fraction (
3
=
/6
/6
The bottom numbers (the denominators) are the same, so we can go to step 2.
Step 2. Subtract the top numbers and put the answer over the same denominator:
3
31
2
=
/6
/6
/6
1
=
Add:
Subtract:
Multiplying Fractions
Example:
1
12
=
2
=
12
=
2
=
25
10
1
=
10
Dividing Fractions
Step 1. Multiply crossing the numbers (numerator x denominator, and
denominator x numerator)
Example:
1
1
:
16
=
6
=
21
6
=
2
Now you:
Calculate:
And now:
Calculate:
Work out:
Work out:
Calculate:
WORD PROBLEMS
1. A group of people were standing in line. 3/8 of the people were
boys and 1/4 of the people were girls. How much of the group
was made up of boys and girls? How much of the group was not
boys or girls?
2. Jane and Jerry were counting the months until their birthdays.
Jane said 3/4 of the year would pass before it was her birthday.
Jerry said he only needed to wait 1/3 of the year. How much
longer did Jane have to wait than Jerry?
3. Bill ran around 2/3 of the track. Josh ran around 5/6 of the track.
How much farther did Josh run than Bill?
4. A box of paper clips fell on the floor. Betty picked up 2/5 of the
paper clips and Joanne picked up 3/10. How many of the paper
clips did they pick up altogether? How many were still on the
floor?
5. Theres a bag with 24 balls, the white balls are 1/4 of them. How
many white balls must I add to get the white balls the half of
the total?
8. In a forest of pine trees they felled its 3/5, shortly after there
was a fire, in which 5/7 of the remaining pine burned. How
many pines survived?
10.
If he has travelled 2/3 of the total, how many km are left yet?
11.
12.
13.
14.
should sleep for 3/8 of the day. How much time should we spend
sleeping?
15.
16.
17.
18.
shopkeeper says if I buy one I can buy another for only 7/9 of
the normal price. How much would a second skateboard cost?
19.
20.
There are 25 pupils in the class, 3/5 of the pupils support
Chelsea and the remainder support Arsenal. How many pupils
support Arsenal?
21.
The local shop normally sells Mars bars for 40 pence. The
shopkeeper says I can buy them for 1/4 less than the normal
price. How much can I buy a Mars bar for