SKILL 1: KNOWLEDGE

TITTLE 2 : FORCES AND MOTION

NO
1
2.
3.

WHAT MEAN BY
Velocity
Accelaration
Momentum

4.

Inertia

5.
6.

Impulse
Impulsive force

EXPLAINATION
As the rate of change of displacement with time.
As the rate of change of velocity with time
As the mass of an object multiplied by its velocity
Momentum= mass x velocity
Tendency of an object to maintain its state of rest, or if
moving, to continue its motion in a straight line.
Change of momentum i.e Ft = mv -mu
As the rate of change of momentum, i.e F = mv mu
t

TITTLE 3 : FORCES AND PRESSURE

NO
1
2.

WHAT MEAN BY
Pressure
Pascals Principle

3.

Archimedes
Principle

4.

Principle of Floating

5.

Bernoullis Principle

6.

Aerofoil

EXPLAINATION
As the normal force per unit area acting on a surface
States that pressure exerted on an enclosed fluid(liquid) is
transmitted equally to every part of the fluid. Or
transmission of pressure in fluids.
States that an object which is partially or wholly immersed
in a fluid is acted upon by an upward buoyant force
equals to the weight of the fluid it displaces.
States that a floating body displaces its own weight of the
liquid in which it floats.
States that the pressure of a fluid decreases at the region
where the speed of fluid flow increases.
Is a curve wing used to produce a lift

TITTLE 4 : HEAT
NO
1
2.

WHAT MEAN BY
Temperature
Heat

3.

Thermal
Equilibrium
Heat Capasity

4.
5.
6.

Specific Heat
Capasity
Latent Heat

EXPLAINATION
A degree of hotness
Energy that can be transferred from one object to another
object
Is a condition in which there is no net heat flow between
two object.
As the amount of heat required to raise its temperature by
10C
As the heat required to raise the temperature of 1 kg of
the substance by 10C
The heat that is required to bring about a change of state
without any change in temperature.

TITTLE 5 : LIGHT
NO
1
2.
3.

WHAT MEAN BY
Virtual Image
Power of a lens
Critical Angle

4.
5.

Refractive index, n
Optical centre

6.

Focal Length, f

EXPLAINATION
The image that is not formed on a screen
As the reciprocal of its focal length in metres
As the angle of incidence in the denser medium for an
incident ray to be refracted at 900 in the less dense medium
Speed of light in a vacuum per speed of light in a medium
Is the centre of a lens through which light rays pass without
deviation.
Is the distance between the focal point ,F and the optical
centre,C of the lens

TITTLE 6 : WAVES
NO
1

WHAT MEAN BY
Waves front

2.

Wavelength

3.

Amplitude

4.

Period

5.
6.

Frequency
Wave speed

EXPLAINATION
Are lines or surfaces joining all the crests or points
vibrating at the same phase and of equal distances from the
sources of the waves.
Is the distance between two crests or two successive
wavefronts
Is the maximum displacement of a medium particles from
its mean position.
Is the time taken by a particle to make one complete
oscillation.
Is the number of complete oscillations per second
The distance traveled by a wave in one second in the
direction of propagation

TITTLE 7 : ELECTRICITY
NO
1
2.

WHAT MEAN BY
Electric current
Potential difference

3.

Ohms Law

4.
5.

Electromotive
Force (e.m.f)
Electrical Energy

6.

Electric Power

EXPLAINATION
Rate of flow of charge
The work done in moving a unit charge from one point to
the other
States that the potential difference across the end of a
metallic conductor is directly proportional to the current
flowing through it.
Work done by the cell or the source in driving a unit
charge around a complete circuit.
Is the energy released when electric charges flow through
any two points in an electric circuit.
As the rate at which electrical energy is released

TITTLE 8 : ELECTROMAGNETISM
NO
WHAT MEAN BY
EXPLAINATION
1
Magnetic field
Magnetic force region
2.
Solenoid
Is a long cylindrical coil
3.
Catapult field
Is the action of the combination between the poles of a
magnet and the magnetic field due to a current carrying
conductor may be likened to that of an elastic catapult.
4.
Electromagnet
The effect of producing and e. m. f and a current, when
induction
there is a relative motion between the conductor and a
magnetic field.
5.
Lenzs Law
The direction of the induced current in a solenoid is such
that its magnetic effect always opposes the change
producing it
6.
Faradays Law
State that the size of the induced e. m .f is directly
proportional to the rate at which the conductor cuts through
the magnetic field lines.
TITTLE 9 : ELECRONICS
NO
WHAT MEAN BY
EXPLAINATION
1
Thermionic
Is the process of releasing electrons from the surface of a
emission
heated metal.
2.
Cathode rays
Are streams of high-velocity electrons moving in a
straight line.
3.
Rectification
Is the process of converting alternating current into direct
current
4.
Doping
Is a process of adding small traces of impurities to
improve the electric conductivity of a semiconductor
5.
P-N Junction
Is formed by joining a p-type semiconductor to an n-type
semiconductor.
6.
Logic Gate
Is an electronic switch which has one input or several
inputs but only one output for performing certain logical
functions.
TITTLE 10 : RADIOACTIVITY
NO
WHAT MEAN BY
EXPLAINATION
1
Nuclide
The nucleus of an atom with a particular number of
protons and neutrons
2.
Nuclear Fission
A process where the nuclear of a heavy atom is split into
two.
3.
Nuclear Fusion
A process where two light nuclei are united into a heavier
nucleus.
4.
Radioactive decay
The process in which unstable nuclei emit particles ,
and and -ray in order to form stable nuclei.
,5.
Isotopes
Atoms of the same element which have the same number
of protons but with a different number of neutrons
6.
Half Life
Time for activity of a radioisotope element reduces to half
its original value

MARKING SCHEME FOR SKILL 2 UNDERSTANDING

Soalan
1(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
2(a)
(b)
(c)

(d)
3(i)
(ii)
(iii)
4(a)(i)
(ii)
(b)
(c)

Jawapan
0.03 mm
3.83 mm ( - 0.03 mm) = 3.86 mm
To get the accuracy
Can detect smaller value
Total
To avoid zero error or zero mark which is not obvious.
To increase the accuracy of measurement(substract average reading)
2.2 cm
Diameter of the wire = ----------20
= 0.11 cm
Micrometer screw gauge
Total
Drag
Air resistance
Magnitude of X = magnitude of thrust
This is because the plane is flying at constant speed
Total
OA
AB and CD
300s - 150s = 150s

1
1
1
Distance = (100)(20) (15 20)(50) (150)(15) (100)(15)
2
2
2
1000m 875m 2250m 750m
4875 m
4.875 km

Markah
1
1
1
1
4
1
1
1

1
4
1
1
1
1
4
1
1
1

1
1
Total

5(a)
(b)
(c)

Mercury barometer
75 cm Hg
P = 1.36 x 104 x 10 x 0.95
= 1.29 x 105 Pa

1
1
1
1

(d)

Low density of water /water fill the tube.

1
5
1

Total
6(a)(i)

1 x 105 Pa

(ii)
(b)(i)
(ii)

1 x 105 Pa
Atmospheric pressure
Density of water and density of liquid X

7(a)
(b)
(c)

X : Solid, Y : Liquid and solid, Z : Liquid

35oC
6 minutes

Total

Total
8(a)(i)
(ii)

BC
-The heat energy absorbed is not used to increase the kinetic energy
- The heat energy is used to overcome the force of attraction between
the solid molecules(for solid change to liquid )

Total

9(a)(i)

1
1
2
5
3
1
1
5
1
1
1
3

- 2 ray beam
- Image

1
1

C O
(a)(ii)

Virtual, upright, smaller than object

C
1

(b)(i)

- 2 ray beam
- Virtual image
(ii)

Virtual, upright, smaller than object

1
1
1

Total
10(a)

A prism periscope

(b)(i)

(ii)

The prism in optical instrument P are placed as in 10(b)(i) because this

arrangement allows light rays from the object to be reflected by 90 o into
the lower prism and out to the eyes of the observer. Total internal
reflection occurs in both prism.

(c)(i)

(ii)

(b)

The image is upright/same in size

l = ax/D
a = 0.8 m, D = 3.3 m , x = 4.5/2 m
= 2.25 m
ax
=
D
= 0.8 m x 2.25 m
3.3 m
= 0.55 m
The intersection of peak with peak of the waves

12(a)

Frequency
Away from the normal
The waves propagate from a shallow area to a deep area.
Total

13(a)(i)

In series

1
4
1

Total

(b)
(c)
(d)

Total
11(a)

6
1

1
4
1

1
1
1
4
1

(ii)
(b)(i)
(ii)

In parallel
R2 and R3
They are connected in parallel
Total

14(a)(i)
(ii)
(iii)
(iv)

1.50 V
1.50 1.45 = 0.05 V
0.5 A
Internal resistance
= Voltage lost
Current
= 0.05
0.5
= 0.1

1
Total

15(a)(i)
(ii)
(iii)
(b)
(c)

The direction of the magnetic field lines inside the coil

The direction of the current in the solenoid wires
Inside the solenoid, somewhere near the centre of the solenoid
By increasing the current
By increasing the number of turns per unit length

4
1
1
1
1
1
6
1
1
1
1
1

Alternating current/ a.c

electromagnet
North/N
-hit/strike the gong
-hard to magnetised/demagnetised
-still can strike the gong/same as before
Total

16(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
17(a)(i)

1
1
1
4
1
1
1

(ii)

Vp = 2 x 5 = 10V

(iii)

Vrms = Vp / 2
= 10 / 2
= 7.07 V

1
Total

18(a)(i)
(ii)
19(a)
(b)(i)
(ii)
b(iii)
20(i)
(ii)
(iii)

x : Collector, y : Base,
pnp transistor

z : Emitter

Total
This is because the pressure of the gas inside the Geiger-Muller tube is
very low compared to atmospheric pressure.
Alpha particles, beta particles and gamma rays
The walls of the tube are made of aluminium. Alpha particles cannot
penetrate aluminium. Only beta particles and gamma rays can penetrate
the walls of the tube.
Alpha particles
Total
Mass number
86, 4
E = mc2, m = 8.6818 x 10-30 kg
c = 3 x 108 ms-1

1
4
3
1
4
1
1
1
1
4
1
1

E = (8.6818 x 10-30 kg)( 3 x 108 ms-1)2

= 7.1 x 10-15 J
Total

1
1
4

MARKING SCHEME FOR SKILL 2 UNDERSTANDING

Soalan
1(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
2(a)
(b)
(c)

(d)
3(i)
(ii)
(iii)
4(a)(i)
(ii)
(b)
(c)

Jawapan
0.03 mm
3.83 mm ( - 0.03 mm) = 3.86 mm
To get the accuracy
Can detect smaller value
Total
To avoid zero error or zero mark which is not obvious.
To increase the accuracy of measurement(substract average reading)
2.2 cm
Diameter of the wire = ----------20
= 0.11 cm
Micrometer screw gauge
Total
Drag
Air resistance
Magnitude of X = magnitude of thrust
This is because the plane is flying at constant speed
Total
OA
AB and CD
300s - 150s = 150s

1
1
1
Distance = (100)(20) (15 20)(50) (150)(15) (100)(15)
2
2
2
1000m 875m 2250m 750m
4875 m
4.875 km

Mercury barometer
75 cm Hg
P = 1.36 x 104 x 10 x 0.95
= 1.29 x 105 Pa

1
4
1
1
1
1
4
1
1
1

1
1
Total

5(a)
(b)
(c)

Markah
1
1
1
1
4
1
1
1

5
1
1
1
1

(d)

Low density of water /water fill the tube.

Total

6(a)(i)
(ii)
(b)(i)
(ii)

1 x 105 Pa
1 x 105 Pa
Atmospheric pressure
Density of water and density of liquid X
Total

7(a)
(b)
(c)
8(a)(i)
(ii)

9(a)(i)

X : Solid, Y : Liquid and solid, Z : Liquid

35oC
6 minutes

1
5
1
1
1
2
5
3
1
1

Total
BC
-The heat energy absorbed is not used to increase the kinetic energy
- The heat energy is used to overcome the force of attraction between
the solid molecules(for solid change to liquid )

5
1
1

Total

- 2 ray beam
- Image

1
1

(a)(ii)

Virtual, upright, smaller than object

C O

(b)(i)

- 2 ray beam
- Virtual image
(ii)

1
1

Virtual, upright, smaller than object

Total

10(a)

A prism periscope

(b)(i)

(ii)

The prism in optical instrument P are placed as in 10(b)(i) because this

arrangement allows light rays from the object to be reflected by 90 o into
the lower prism and out to the eyes of the observer. Total internal
reflection occurs in both prism.

(c)(i)

(ii)

(b)

The image is upright/same in size

Total

11(a)

1
6
1

l = ax/D
a = 0.8 m, D = 3.3 m , x = 4.5/2 m
= 2.25 m
ax
=
D
= 0.8 m x 2.25 m
3.3 m
= 0.55 m
The intersection of peak with peak of the waves

1
4
1

Total
12(a)

(b)
(c)
(d)

Frequency
Away from the normal
The waves propagate from a shallow area to a deep area.
Total

13(a)(i)
(ii)
(b)(i)
(ii)

In series
In parallel
R2 and R3
They are connected in parallel

14(a)(i)
(ii)
(iii)
(iv)

1.50 V
1.50 1.45 = 0.05 V
0.5 A
Internal resistance
= Voltage lost
Current
= 0.05
0.5
= 0.1

Total

The direction of the magnetic field lines inside the coil

The direction of the current in the solenoid wires
Inside the solenoid, somewhere near the centre of the solenoid
By increasing the current
By increasing the number of turns per unit length

4
1
1
1
1
1
6
1
1
1
1
1

Alternating current/ a.c

electromagnet
North/N
-hit/strike the gong
-hard to magnetised/demagnetised
-still can strike the gong/same as before
Total

16(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
17(a)(i)

1
1
1
4
1
1
1
1
4
1
1
1

1
Total

15(a)(i)
(ii)
(iii)
(b)
(c)

4
1

(ii)

Vp = 2 x 5 = 10V

(iii)

Vrms = Vp / 2
= 10 / 2
= 7.07 V

1
1

Total
18(a)(i)
(ii)
19(a)
(b)(i)
(ii)
b(iii)
20(i)
(ii)
(iii)

x : Collector, y : Base,
pnp transistor

z : Emitter

Total
This is because the pressure of the gas inside the Geiger-Muller tube is
very low compared to atmospheric pressure.
Alpha particles, beta particles and gamma rays
The walls of the tube are made of aluminium. Alpha particles cannot
penetrate aluminium. Only beta particles and gamma rays can penetrate
the walls of the tube.
Alpha particles
Total
Mass number
86, 4
E = mc2, m = 8.6818 x 10-30 kg
c = 3 x 108 ms-1
E = (8.6818 x 10-30 kg)( 3 x 108 ms-1)2
= 7.1 x 10-15 J
Total

4
3
1
4
1
1
1
1
4
1
1
1
1
4

MARKING SCHEME

1(a)(i)

A boat move in opposite direction with a boy and a girl move in opposite
direction with a ball.

(a)(ii)

F
(a)(iii)

The Principle of conservation of momentum

Total momentum before collision is the same as the total momentum

after collision, provided no external force acting.

CONCEPTUALIZE SKILL
SECTION
2 (a)(i)

(a)(ii)

Diagram 6.1 has less stretching force than Diagram 6.2

Diagram 6.2 has more stretching force than Diagram 6.1

Diagram 6.1 has less work done than Diagram 6.2

Diagram 6.2 has more work done than Diagram 6.1

Work done = Fx
= (50) (0.2)
=5J

(a)
(iii)
(b)(i)
(b)(i)
(ii)
(iii)
(c)

1
1

Diagram 6.1 has less energy than Diagram 6.2

Diagram 6.1 has less distance of projection than Diagram 6.2

The higher the energy gained, the higher the distance of projection

Use thicker elastic string //

Increase the pulling force of arrow

3. (a) Speed is the rate of change of distance

(b)(i) 1. No air movement, the paper and the canopy will not lift up
2. Paper and canopy lift up when the air moves
(ii) Air pressure above the paper is lower than below the paper
(iii)The speed of air produces low air pressure
(c) Bernoulli's principle
(i) the speed of air at P is higher
(ii)

4.(a)(i) The distance in figure 6.2 is further

(ii) The work done by the pupil in Figure 6.2 is bigger
(iii) Correct substitution
W = 20 N x 0.5 m
= 10 Nm (Answer and unit correct)
(b) (i)The energy increases the distance of projection increases
(ii)The energy conservation principle.
( c) (i) The time is the same.
(ii)The falling height is the same / The mass does not influence the time of fall.
5.(a) The surface area of the birds feather is more than the surface area of the drop of
water.
(b) 1. Initially both accelerate at the same rate.
2. During the last stage , both have the same final velocity.
3. The final velocity of the drop of water is higher than the final velocity of the bird
feather
(c) The final velocity is inversely proportional to the surface area

ANSWER Part B Skill 4

1. (i)

1. Wavelength in figure 10.2 is bigger than figure 10.1

2. The separation of the adjacent nodal lines ( x) in figure 10.2 is bigger
than figure 10.1
3. The bigger the frequency , the smaller the wavelength
4. The bigger the frequency , the smaller the separation of the adjacent
nodal lines
5. The separation of the adjacent nodal lines is directly proportional to
wavelength. // x

(ii) Interference
2. (a)

The product of mass and velocity

(b)

The shape of the ball A unchanged

The shape of the ball B change
The velocity of the ball A is higher than B
The time of impact for ball A is shorter than B
When the time impact is shorter, impulsive force is greater
When the time impact is shorter, the velocity after collision is
higher.

1
1
1
1
1

3.(a)(i) Density is mass per volume

(ii) 1. The boat sinks more in the river than in the sea. //
The boat float more in the sea .
2. The volumes of water displaced by the boat in the river more than the
volume of water displaced in the sea.
3. The mass/ weight of the boat and its load is the same when it is in the sea
and the river.
4. The boat floats because of its weight is balanced by the up thrust.
5. The up thrust is equal to the weight of the water displaced
6. More water will be displaced when the density is lower / The boats sink
more when the density is lower / Density is inversely proportional to the
volume of water displaced.
(iii)

Archimedes principle

4. (a) 1. The number of turn of the coils in Diagram 10.2

more than in Diagram 10.1
2. The arrangement patterns of the iron fillings in
Diagram 10.1 is further apart //
The arrangement patterns of the iron fillings in
Diagram 10.2 is closer to each other.
3. The angle of deflection of the ammeter indicator in
Diagram 10.1 is smaller than in Diagram 10.2.
(b)(i) The closer the pattern of iron fillings the greater the
strength of magnetic field
(ii)The strength of magnetic field increases as the

number of turns increases.

5. (a) Amplitude maximum displacement from the mean
position.
(b) 1. The size of turning fork in Diagram 10.1 is bigger
than that in diagram 10.2
2. The amplitude of the sound waves in Diagram 10.1
is bigger than that of the sound waves in Diagram 10.2 .
3. The frequency of the sound waves in Diagram 10.1
is the same as the frequency of the sound waves
in Diagram 10.2
(c)(i) The bigger the amplitude the louder the sound.
(ii) The bigger the turning fork, the bigger the amplitude
6. (a) Electric current is the rate of charge flow in a circuit
(b) 1. The voltage supplied in Diagram 10.2 more than
that in figure 10.1
2. The bulbs in Diagram 10.2 light up brighter than
that in Diagram 10.1
3. The angle of deflection of the ammeter pointer in
Diagram 10.2 is more than that in diagram 10.1
(c ) (i) The greater the voltage , The greater the current
(ii) The greater the current , the brighter the bulbs.
7. (a)(i) change direction/ change size / change shape /
change velocity
(ii) 1 forces are in opposite direction
2. The magnitude of force acted ( car) in diagram 9.2 bigger than diagram
9.1

3 The magnitude of forced acted ( tree) in diagram 9.2 bigger than

diagram9.1
4 The force acted on the car and the tree are in opposite direction
5 The magnitude of forced acted on the car and the tree are equal // Action
and reaction are equal.

SKILL 5 ; QULITATIVE PROBLEM SOLVING

What is meant by the specific

vaporization of a liquid ?
1.

latent heat of

(1 mark)
The specific latent heat of vaporization of a liquid is the amount of

heat
required to

change 1kg of the liquid to gaseous state at

constant
temperature.

ii

Explain the suitability of each of the liquids to be used as a cooling agent in

an air conditioner. Hence determine which liquid is the most suitable to be
used. Give reasons for your choice.

(10 marks)
-

the density must be

low, so that the air-conditioner unit is not too

heavy
-

boiling point must be low, so that the cooling agent is evaporates

easily at low temperature

specific heat capacity must be

low, so that it can be heated

quickly
-

the specific latent heat of vaporization must be high, so that it

absorb
more heat from the surrounding air when it evaporises
through the
valve in the tube

Liquid N is most suitable because liquid N has a low density,

low boiling point, low specific heat capacity and moderate

specific latent heat of vaporization.

2.

What is meant by specific

heat capacity ?
(1 mark)

It is the heat required to raise the

substance bt 1oC or 1K
ii

temperature of 1 kg of a

Which material is most suitable for making a heat-retaining container

for food or a heat insulating container for keeping ice ?
Explain the reasons for the choice based on the properties of the
materials shown in the table.
(10 marks)
-

the density must be low, so it is

carried about

it has low rate of rusting, making a durable material

easily corroded

it has a

it has a poor conduction rate for making it difficult for heat to

pass through it
/
the hot food will not cool easily and the
ice will not melt easily.

W is most suitable material because it has low density, low

rate of rusting, a high specific heat capacity
and has a poor conduction rate.

high
insulator

lighter and easier to be

not

specific heat capacity, for making a good

SKILL 6 - SKEMA

Soalan
1 (a)

mark
1

(b)

(c )

Peraturan Pemarkahan
State a suitable inference
The speed of the boy on reaching the ground depends on the height
of the top of a slide
States a relevants hypothesis
The higher the top of a slide the higher the speed of the boy on
reaching the ground.
Describe a relevant and workable experimental framework

State the aim of experiment

To study the relationship between the speed of an object on
reaching the ground and the height of the top of the slide.

State the manipulated variable and the responding variable

Manipulated variable

: Height of slide ( the slooping runway)

Responding variable

: Speed of the object

State ONE variable that kept constant

Fixed variable

: Mass of the trolley / angle of inclination

of the runway board.

Complete list of apparatus and materials

A trolley, runway board, ticker- timer, ticker-tape, power
supply,metre rule, cellophan tape and wooden block
Note:
A complete apparatus and materials means, with the
apparatus and materials a set of data ( manipulated and
responding variables) can be obtained from the experiment

States the workable arrangement of the apparatus

1
a.c power supply
1

States the method of controlling the manipulated variable

The height of the trolley from the ground/ floor, h = 10 cm is
measure using the metre rule.

States the method of measuring the responding variable

The power supply is switched on and the ticker-timer is started
the trolley is released and the final speed, v of trolley is
determined by analysing the ticker-tape
Repeat the experiment at least 4 times

The experiment is repeated by using different values of h = 15 cm,

h = 20 cm , h = 25 cm and h = 30 cm. The final velocity of the
trolley reaches the ground is caculated from the dots made on
ticker- tape.
Tabulating of data

Total

Height h/cm
10
15
20
25
30

Velocity of trolley , v /cms-1

State how data will be analysed

Plot graph of velocity against height
12 marks
v/cms-1

h/cm

Soalan
3 (a)

mark
1

(b)

(c )

Peraturan Pemarkahan
State a suitable inference
Pressure in water increases with depth/ depends on depth
States a relevants hypothesis
As depth is increases, pressure in water increases
Describe a relevant and workable experimental framework

State the aim of experiment

To study the relationship between the pressure in water and the
depth

State the manipulated variable and the responding variable

Manipulated variable

: Depth of water

Responding variable

: Water pressure

State ONE variable that kept constant

Fixed variable

: Density of water
.

Complete list of apparatus and materials

Measuring cylinder, thistle funnel, rubber membraine (balloon)
Rubber tube, manometer, metre rule and water
Note:
A complete apparatus and materials means, with the
apparatus and materials a set of data ( manipulated and
responding variables) can be obtained from the experiment

States the workable arrangement of the apparatus

States the method of controlling the manipulated variable

The apparatus is set up as shown in the diagram

The mouth of the thistle funnel is lowered vertically into the
water until the depth, h = 5.0 cm
1

States the method of measuring the responding variable

The height difference, y of water in the manometer level is
Recoded/ measured

Repeat the experiment at least 4 times

The experiment is repeated by using different values of h = 10.0cm
h = 15.0 cm , h = 20.0 cm, and h = 25.0 cm

Tabulating of data
Depth h/cm

Height different of
manometer, y / cm

5.0
10.0
15.0
20.0
25.0
1

Total

12 marks

4
(a)

(b)

State how data will be analysed

Plot graph of height different of manaometer against depth
y/cm

h/cm
State a suitable inference
The rate of cooling of an object depends on its masses.

State a relevant hypothesis

The rate of cooling of water increases as its mass decreases.

(c)

State the aim of experiment

To investigate the relationship between the rat e of cooling of water and its mass.

State the manipulated variable and the responding variable

Manipulated : mass of water // m
Responding : Rate of cooling

State ONE variable that kept constant

Initial temperature / Final temperature

Complete list of apparatus and materials

Beaker 250 cm3, measuring cylinder, water, electric heater.stopwatch, thermometer.

Arrangement of apparatus :

Thermometer
Beaker
Stopwatch

1
1
1

water

State the method of controlling the manipulated variable

1. Apparatus is set as shown in the above figure.
2. Water is heated to 55oC.
3. 50 cm3 of water is placed in a 250 ml beaker with a thermometer immersed in the
water.

State the method of measuring the responding variable

4.

The stopwatch is started when the temperature of the water is at 50oC. The stopwatch
is stopped when the temperature reaches 35oC. The time, t is recorded.

Repeat the experiment at least 4 times

The experiment is repeated using volumes of water 100 cm3, 150 cm3, 200 cm3and 250
cm3.
Tabulation of data:
Mass, m (g)
Time, t (s)
5.
1

Analyse the data .

Time, t (s)

Total marks
12

Mass, m (g)

Question
5 (a)

mark
1

(b)

(c )

Marking Scheme
State a suitable inference
An electric current//Resistance depend on the length of wire
States a relevant hypothesis
When the length of wire increases, the electric current also
decreases// resistance increase.
Describe a relevant and workable experimental framework

State the aim of experiment

To study the relationship between the electric current// resistance
and the length of wire
State the manipulated variable and the responding variable

Manipulated variable
Responding variable

: The length of wire

: The electric current//resistance

State ONE variable that kept constant

Fixed variable
1

: The diameter of wire/E.m.f

.

Complete list of apparatus and materials

Constantan wire, dry cells, ammeter and metre rule//
Constantan wire, dry cells, ammeter, metre rule and voltmeter.
Note:
A complete apparatus and materials means, with the
apparatus and materials a set of data ( manipulated and
responding variables) can be obtained from the
experiment

State the workable arrangement of the apparatus

or

State the method of controlling the manipulated variable

1.
The apparatus is set up as shown in figure.
2.
A length of constantan wire l = 20.0 cm is measured by
using metre rule and is connected across terminal X and Y
State the method of measuring the responding variable
The switch is closed and the electric current, I is recorded by using
ammeter.// and voltmeter then calculate R.

Repeat the experiment at least 4 times

The experiment is repeated with constantan wires of length l = 30.0
cm, 40.0 cm, 50.0 cm and 60.0 cm
Tabulating of data

The length of The electric

wire
current, I

or
The length
of wire

Total

The electric
current, I

1
State how data will be analysed
I/A

12 marks
l/cm

The voltage,
V

R=

V
I