Professional Documents
Culture Documents
www.gateforum.com
Which of the following options is the closest in meaning to the word underlined in the
sentence
below? In a democracy, everybody has the freedom to disagree with the government.
(A) Dissent
(B) Descent
(C) Decent
(D) Decadent
Answer: A
Exp:
Dissent is to disagree
2.
After the discussion, Tom said to me, 'Please revert! He expects me to _________.
(A) Retract
(D) Retreat
Answer: B
Exp:
3.
While receiving the award, the scientist said, "I feel vindicated". Which of the following is
closest in meaning to the word vindicated?
(A) Punished
(B) Substantiated
(C) Appreciated
(D) Chastened
Answer: B
Exp:
4.
( A)
( B)
2nm P
2 m n P
( C) 2 ( n m) P
( D) 2 ( m n ) P
Answer: A
m
Exp:
5.
y
(2x) = 2n m x n y m
2
n
In a sequence of 12 consecutive odd numbers, the sum of the first 5 numbers is 425. What is
the sum of the last 5 numbers in the sequence?
Answer: 495
Exp:
Let consecutive odd numbers be a-10, a-8, a-6, a-4, a-2, a, a+12
Sum of 1st 5 number = 5a-30=425 a=91
Last 5 numbers=(a+4)+(a+6)+.+(a+12)
=(95+97+99+101+103)= 495
Indias No.1 institute for GATE Training 1 Lakh+ Students trained till date 65+ Centers across India
1
EC-GATE-2014 PAPER-04|
www.gateforum.com
Find the next term in the sequence: 13M, 17Q, 19S, ___
(A) 21W
(B) 21V
(C) 23W
(D) 23V
Answer: C
Exp:
13
17(13 + 4) Q(M + 4)
19(17 + 2) S(Q + 2)
23(19 + 4) W = (s+ 4)
23W
7.
If KCLFTSB stands for best of luck and SHSWDG stands for good wishes, which of
the following indicates ace the exam?
(A) MCHTX
(B) MXHTC
(C) XMHCT
(D) XMHTC
Answer: B
Exp:
KCLFTSB
SHSWDG
Reverse order:
Reverse order:
GO OD W I S HES
8.
Industrial consumption of power doubled from 2000-2001 to 2010-2011. Find the annual rate
of increase in percent assuming it to be uniform over the years.
(A) 5.6
(B) 7.2
(C) 10.0
(D) 12.2
Answer: B
Exp:
A = P 1 +
100
A = 2P
10
2 = 1+
100
r = 7.2
Indias No.1 institute for GATE Training 1 Lakh+ Students trained till date 65+ Centers across India
2
EC-GATE-2014 PAPER-04|
9.
www.gateforum.com
A firm producing air purifiers sold 200 units in 2012. The following pie chart presents the
share of raw material, labour, energy, plant & machinery, and transportation costs in the total
manufacturing cost of the firm in 2012. The expenditure on labour in 2012 is Rs. 4,50,000. In
2013, the raw material expenses increased by 30% and all other expenses increased by 20%.
What is the percentage increase in total cost for the company in 2013?
Transpor Labour
tation
15%
30%
Plant and
machinery
30%
Raw Material
20%
Energy
25%
Answer: 22%
Exp: Let total cost in 2012 is 100
Raw material increases in 2013 to 1.3 x 20=26
Other Expenses increased in 2013 to 1.2 x 80=96
Total Cost in 2013 =96+26=122
Total Cost increased by 22%
Hint:Labour cost (i.e, 4,50,000) in 2012 is redundant data.
10.
A five digit number is formed using the digits 1,3,5,7 and 9 without repeating any of them.
What is the sum of all such possible five digit numbers?
(A) 6666660
(B) 6666600
(C) 6666666
(D) 6666606
Answer: B
Exp: 1 appears in units place in 4! Ways
Similarly all other positions in 4! Ways
Same for other digits.
Sum of all the numbers = (11111) X 4! (1+3+5+7+9) = 6666600
Indias No.1 institute for GATE Training 1 Lakh+ Students trained till date 65+ Centers across India
3
EC-GATE-2014 PAPER-04|
www.gateforum.com
1.
The series
n! converges to
n =0
(A) 2 ln2
(B)
(C) 2
(D) e
Answer: D
Exp:
n! = 1 + 1! + 2! + .........
n =0
= e as e x = 1 +
x x2
+
+ ......., x in R
1! 2!
The magnitude of the gradient for the function f ( x, y, z ) = x 2 + 3y 2 + z 3 at the point (1,1,1) is
_________.
Answer: 7
Exp: ( f )P(1,1,1) = i ( 2x ) + j ( 6y ) + k ( 3z 2 )
2.
)(
P 1,1,1)
= 2i + 6 j + 3k
( f ) P
3.
= 4 + 36 + 9 = 7
Let X be a zero mean unit variance Gaussian random variable. E X is equal to _____
Answer: 0.8
Exp: X ~ N ( 0,1) f ( x ) =
E{ x } =
4.
x .f ( x ) dx
x2 x e
x2
1 x2 2
e
, < x <
2
e u du =
dx
2
= 0.797 0.8
If a and b are constants, the most general solution of the differential equation
d2x
dx
+ 2 + x = 0 is
2
dt
dt
( A ) ae t
( B) ae t + bte t
( C) ae t + bte t
( D ) ae 2t
Answer: B
Exp:
A.E : m 2 + 2m + 1 = 0 m = 1, 1
general solution is x = ( a + bt ) e t
Indias No.1 institute for GATE Training 1 Lakh+ Students trained till date 65+ Centers across India
4
EC-GATE-2014 PAPER-04|
5.
www.gateforum.com
xy
( x + y ) at (1,1) in the direction of the unit vector at
2
Answer: 3
2xy + y 2 x 2 + 2xy
1
x 2 y + xy 2 ) f = i
(
+ j
2
2
2
3 3
at (1,1) , f =
i+
j
2
2
Exp: f =
with y-axis
4
= sin i + cos j
4
4
3 1
f = 2
directional derivative = e.
=3
2
2
6.
Ii
A l Ii
A1I1
The magnitude of current (in mA) through the resistor R2 in the figure shown is_______.
R2
1k
10 mA
R1
2 k
R3
4 k
2 mA
R 4 3k
Indias No.1 institute for GATE Training 1 Lakh+ Students trained till date 65+ Centers across India
5
EC-GATE-2014 PAPER-04|
www.gateforum.com
Answer: 2.8
Exp: By source transformation
R 2 = 1k
20V
2 k
4 k
8V
3k
By KVL,
20 10k.I + 8 = 0
28
I=
10 k
I = 2.8mA
8.
At T = 300 K, the band gap and the intrinsic carrier concentration of GaAs are 1.42 eV and
106 cm-3, respectively. In order to generate electron hole pairs in GaAs, which one of the
wavelength ( C ) ranges of incident radiation, is most suitable? (Given that: Planks constant
is 6.62 10-34 J-s, velocity of light is 3 1010 cm/s and charge of electron is 1.6 10-19 C)
(A) 0.42 m < C < 0.87 m
Answer: A
Exp: E =
9.
hC
6.62 1034 3 108
=
= 0.87 m
In the figure ln ( i ) is plotted as a function of 1/T, where i the intrinsic resistivity of silicon,
T is is the temperature, and the plot is almost linear.
ln ( i )
1/ T
EC-GATE-2014 PAPER-04|
www.gateforum.com
Answer: A
3
n i T 2 e Eg /kT
Exp:
and
1
i
10.
The cut-off wavelength (in m) of light that can be used for intrinsic excitation of a
semiconductor material of bandgap Eg= 1.1 eV is ________
Answer: 1.125
hC
Exp:
E=
Two silicon diodes, with a forward voltage drop of 0.7 V, are used in the circuit shown in the
figure. The range of input voltage Vi for which the output voltage V0 = Vi , is
+
Vi
R
+
D1
1V
D2
VO
2V
Answer: D
Exp:
When Vi < 1.7V ; D1 ON and D 2 OFF
V0 = 1.7V
When Vi > 2.7V; D1 OFF & D 2 ON
V0 = 2.7V
When 1.7 < Vi < 2.7V, Both D1 & D 2 OFF
V0 = Vi
Indias No.1 institute for GATE Training 1 Lakh+ Students trained till date 65+ Centers across India
7
EC-GATE-2014 PAPER-04|
13.
www.gateforum.com
vi
C2
+ 12 V
v0
R2
12 V
R1
2 V
C1
14.
For a given sample-and-hold circuit, if the value of the hold capacitor is increased, then
(A) Droop rate decreases and acquisition time decreases
(B) Droop rate decreases and acquisition time increases
(C) Droop rate increases and acquisition time decreases
(D) Droop rate increases and acquisition time increases
Answer: B
Exp:
dv
dt
dv 1
dt c
Drop rate decreases as capacitor value is increased
For a capacitor, Q = cv = i t t c
For a capacitor,
A
B
Y
A
B
(A) Y = A B + A B
( B) Y = A + B
( C) Y = A + B
( D) Y = A B
Indias No.1 institute for GATE Training 1 Lakh+ Students trained till date 65+ Centers across India
8
EC-GATE-2014 PAPER-04|
Answer: A
Exp:
C=0
www.gateforum.com
1
AB
A
B
AB
A B + A B = AB
A
B
AB
Y = 1.A B
=A B
= A B = A B + AB + AB
16.
( A)
VD0
A+ B+C
A
( B)
A + B . C + A .C
A
( C)
C
Output ( Y )
A+ B+ C
( D)
A.B .C
Answer: A
Exp:
VDD
output ( Y )
Indias No.1 institute for GATE Training 1 Lakh+ Students trained till date 65+ Centers across India
9
EC-GATE-2014 PAPER-04|
www.gateforum.com
= A + B +C
17.
FT
Ae
2
u [ n + 3]
3
2
1 e j2 f
3
where u[n] denotes the unit step sequence. The value of A is _________.
Answer: 3.375
n
Exp:
2
x [ n ] = u [ n + 3]
3
3
X ( e j ) =
.e jn
n =3
2
j3
.e
3
=
2
1 e j
3
3 27
A= =
= 3.375
8
2
18.
2
The output of the system is
( A ) x ( t + 4)
( B) x ( t 4 )
( C) x ( t + 2)
w
is passed through a linear time
2
( D) x ( t 2)
Answer: D
Exp: Let x ( t ) Fourier transform be x ( t )
x (t )
h (t )
y (t )
y ( t ) = x ( t ) * h ( t ) [ convolution ]
Y ( f ) = X ( f ) .H ( f )
Y ( f ) = e j4 f .X ( f )
y ( t ) = x ( t 2)
Indias No.1 institute for GATE Training 1 Lakh+ Students trained till date 65+ Centers across India
10
EC-GATE-2014 PAPER-04|
19.
www.gateforum.com
The sequence x[n] = 0.5n u[n], where u[n] is the unit step sequence, is convolved with itself to
y ( n ) _________________.
n =
Answer: 4
Exp:
y [n ] = x [n ] * x [n ]
Y ( e j ) = X ( e j ) .X ( e j )
Y ( e j ) =
1
1
.
j
1 0.5e
1 0.5e j
also Y ( e j ) =
y [ n ].e
j n
h =
y [ n ] = Y ( e ) = 0.5 . 0.5 = 4
1
j0
n =
20.
In a Bode magnitude plot, which one of the following slopes would be exhibited at high
frequencies by a 4th order all-pole system?
(A) 80 dB/decade
(B) 40 dB/decade
(C) +40 dB/decade
(D) +80 dB/decade
Answer: A
Exp: In a BODE diagram, in plotting the magnitude with respect to frequency, a pole introduce a
line 4 slope 20dB / dc
If 4th order all-pole system means gives a slope of ( 20 ) * 4 dB / dec i.e. 80dB / dec
21.
For the second order closed-loop system shown in the figure, the natural frequency (in rad/s)
is
U (s) +
(A) 16
Answer: C
Exp:
Transfer function
(B) 4
Y (s)
U (s)
4
S (S + 4 )
Y (s)
(C) 2
(D) 1
4
S + 4s + 4
2
wn2
s 2 + 2w n s + w n 2
w n 2 = 4 w n = 2 rad / sec
Indias No.1 institute for GATE Training 1 Lakh+ Students trained till date 65+ Centers across India
11
EC-GATE-2014 PAPER-04|
www.gateforum.com
22.
If calls arrive at a telephone exchange such that the time of arrival of any call is independent
of the time of arrival of earlier or future calls, the probability distribution function of the total
number of calls in a fixed time interval will be
(A) Poisson
(B) Gaussian
(C) Exponential
(D) Gamma
Answer: A
Exp: Poisson distribution: It is the property of Poisson distribution.
23.
In a double side-band (DSB) full carrier AM transmission system, if the modulation index is
doubled, then the ratio of total sideband power to the carrier power increases by a factor of
_________________.
Answer: 4
Exp:
I0 dl
1
J
J
E =
sin
+ 2
4
r
r
r 3
field
field
1
E
r
E1 r2
= E 2 = 6 mv / m
E 2 r1
P=
25.
1 E 2 1 36 108
=
= 47.7 nw / m 2
2 2 120
Column A
Column B
(R) Isotropic
1 P
1 R
1 Q
1 R
(A) 2 Q
3 R
(B) 2 P
3 Q
(C) 2 P
3 R
(D) 2 Q
3 P
Indias No.1 institute for GATE Training 1 Lakh+ Students trained till date 65+ Centers across India
12
EC-GATE-2014 PAPER-04|
www.gateforum.com
Answer: B
Exp:
1. Point electromagnetic source, can radiate fields in all directions equally, so isotropic.
2. Dish antenna highly directional
3. Yagi uda antenna End fire
y(0)
y(0)=1
the
solution
of
the
differential
equation
A.E : m 2 + 4m + 4 = 0 m = 2, 2
solutions is y = ( a + bx ) e 2x
y ' = ( a + bx ) ( 2e 2 x ) + e 2 x ( b )
.......(1)
........ ( 2 )
at x = 1, y = 4e 2 = 0.541 0.54
27.
Parcels from sender S to receiver R pass sequentially through two post-offices. Each post1
office has a probability
of losing an incoming parcel, independently of all other parcels.
5
Given that a parcel is lost, the probability that it was lost by the second post-office
is_________.
Answer: 0.44
Exp: Parcel will be lost if
a. it is lost by the first post office
b. it is passed by first post office but lost by the second post office
1 4 1 9
+ x =
5 5 5 25
P (Parcel lost by second post if it passes first post office)= P (Parcel passed by first post
office) x P(Parcel lost by second post office)
Prob(parcel is lost) =
Indias No.1 institute for GATE Training 1 Lakh+ Students trained till date 65+ Centers across India
13
EC-GATE-2014 PAPER-04|
www.gateforum.com
4 1 4
= =
5 5 25
Prob(parcel lost by 2nd post office | parcel lost)=
28.
4 / 25 4
= = 0.44
9 / 25 9
1
. Which one of the following is the
s + s +1
2
( A)
(s
s
2
+ s +1
( B)
( 2s + 1)
(s
+ s +1
( C)
(s
S
2
+ s +1
( D)
(s
2S + 1
2
+ s +1
Answer: D
Exp: (1)
If f ( t ) F ( s )
d
F(s)
ds
d
1
=
2
ds s + s + 1
( 2s + 1)
2s + 1
=
=
2
2
( s2 + s + 1) ( s2 + s + 1)
Then tf ( t )
Exp: (2)
F (s) =
1
s + s +1
2
L g ( t ) = t.f ( t ) =
=
29.
(s
d
F ( s ) ( u sin g multiplication by t )
ds
2s + 1
2
+ s + 1)
For a right angled triangle, if the sum of the lengths of the hypotenuse and a side is kept
constant, in order to have maximum area of the triangle, the angle between the hypotenuse
and the side is
(A) 12O
(B) 36O
(C) 60O
(D) 45O
Let x (opposite side), y (adjacent side) and z (hypotenuse) of a right angled triangle.
Given Z + y = K ( cons tan t ) ......(1) and angle between them say ' ' then Area,
1
1
z2
xy = ( z sin )( z cos ) = sin 2
2
2
4
k
Now (1) z + z sin = k z =
1 + sin
A=
Indias No.1 institute for GATE Training 1 Lakh+ Students trained till date 65+ Centers across India
14
EC-GATE-2014 PAPER-04|
A =
k2
4
www.gateforum.com
sin 2
2
(1 + sin )
dA
=0
d
2
k 2 (1 + sin ) ( 2cos 2 ) sin 2 ( cos ) .2 (1 + sin )
=0
4
4
(1 + sin )
30.
The steady state output of the circuit shown in the figure is given by
y ( t ) = A ( ) sin ( t + ( ) ) . If the amplitude A ( ) = 0.25, then the frequency is
C y (t)
sin ( t )
C
C
( A)
1
3RC
2
3RC
( B)
Answer: B
Exp:
( C)
1
RC
( D)
2
RC
R
sin t
y (t )
C
C
By nodal method,
V 1 0o
V
V
+
+
=0
R
1
2
j c
j c
) (
j c 1 0
1
V + j c +
=
2 R
R
2
V=
2 + 3jRC
V
1
Y=
2
2 + j3RC
1
1
given A ( ) =
4
4 + 9R 2 c2 .2
o
2
3 RC
Indias No.1 institute for GATE Training 1 Lakh+ Students trained till date 65+ Centers across India
15
EC-GATE-2014 PAPER-04|
31.
www.gateforum.com
In the circuit shown in the figure, the value of V0(t) (in Volts) for t is ______.
ix
2H
+ 2i
x
10 u ( t ) A
+
Vo ( t )
Answer: 31.25
Exp:
ix
10x ( t )
2H
+
5 V0 ( t )
2ix
For t , i.e., at steady state, inductor will behave as a shot circuit and hence VB = 5.i X
By KCL at node B, 10 + VB 2i x + i x = 0 i x =
V0 ( t ) = 5i x ( t ) V0 ( t ) =
32.
50
8
250
= 31.25 volts
8
The equivalent resistance in the infinite ladder network shown in the figure is Re.
2R
Re
R
R
R
R
R
R
R e qu
For an infinite ladder network, if all resistance are having same value of R
1+ 5
Then equivalent resistance is
.R
2
EC-GATE-2014 PAPER-04|
www.gateforum.com
R
Re q =
(1 + 5 ) R
2
R e qu
R equ = R + 1.618R
33.
R equ
R
= 2.618
For the two-port network shown in the figure, the impedance (Z) matrix (in ) is
30
1
10
1'
( A)
60
6 24
42 9
( B)
9 8
8 24
( C)
2'
9 6
6 24
( D)
42 6
6 60
Answer: C
Exp: For the two-part network
1
1
30 + 10
Y matrix =
1
30
1
30
1
1
+
60 30
Zmatrix = [ Y ]
0.1333
Z=
0.0333
9 6
Z=
6 24
0.0333
0.05
Consider a silicon sample doped with ND = 11015/cm3 donor atoms. Assume that the
intrinsic carrier concentration ni = 1.51010/cm3. If the sample is additionally doped with NA
= 11018/cm3 acceptor atoms, the approximate number of electrons/cm3 in the sample, at
T=300 K, will be _________________.
Answer: 225.2
34.
Indias No.1 institute for GATE Training 1 Lakh+ Students trained till date 65+ Centers across India
17
EC-GATE-2014 PAPER-04|
www.gateforum.com
Consider two BJTs biased at the same collector current with area A1 = 0.2m 0.2 m and
A 2 = 300 m 300 m . Assuming that all other device parameters are identical, kT/q = 26
mV, the intrinsic carrier concentration is 1 1010 cm-3, and q = 1.6 10-19 C, the difference
between the base-emitter voltages (in mV) of the two BJTs (i.e., VBE1 VBE2) is
_________________.
Answer: 381
35.
/VT
VBE1 VBE 2 = VT ln
(V
BE1
36.
IS2
IS1
300 300
= 26 103 ln
0.2 0.2
I S A
VBE2 = 381mV
If EC is the lowest energy level of the conduction band, EV is the highest energy level of the
valance band and EF is the Fermi level, which one of the following represents the energy
band diagram for the biased N-type semiconductor?
( A)
EC
EF
EC
( B)
EF
EV
EV
( C)
EC
EF
( D)
EC
EF
EV
EV
Answer: D
37.
Consider the common-collector amplifier in the figure (bias circuitry ensures that the
transistor operates in forward active region, but has been omitted for simplicity). Let IC be the
collector current, VBE be the base-emitter voltage and VT be the thermal voltage. Also, g m
and r0 are the small-signal transconductance and output resistance of the transistor,
respectively. Which one of the following conditions ensures a nearly constant small signal
voltage gain for a wide range of values of RE?
Indias No.1 institute for GATE Training 1 Lakh+ Students trained till date 65+ Centers across India
18
EC-GATE-2014 PAPER-04|
www.gateforum.com
VCC
Vin
Vout
RE
( A)
g m R E << 1
( B)
( C)
I C R E >> VT
g m r0 >> 1
( D)
VBE >> Vr
Answer: B
Exp:
AV =
RE
RE
IE R E
=
=
V
re + R E
T
+ R E VT + I E R E
IE
AV
IC R E
( IC IE )
VT + IC R E
39 .
VI
IE
50 =
25 mV
( signal is received from 50 antenna and VT = 25 mV )
IE
IE =
25mV
= 0.5 mA
50
For the common collector amplifier shown in the figure, the BJT has high , negligible
VCE(sat), and VBE = 0.7 V. The maximum undistorted peak-to-peak output voltage vo (in Volts)
is______.
VCC = +12V
1 F
R1
5k
vi
1 F
R2
10 k
vo
RE
1k
Indias No.1 institute for GATE Training 1 Lakh+ Students trained till date 65+ Centers across India
19
EC-GATE-2014 PAPER-04|
www.gateforum.com
Answer: 9.4
Exp:
= high, I B is neglected
10 k
= 8V
10 k + 5k
VE = VB 0.7 = 7.3V
VB = 12
An 8-to-1 multiplexer is used to implement a logical function Y as shown in the figure. The
output Y is given by
0
D
0
D
0
0
1
0
I0
I1
I2
I3
I4
I5
I6
I7
S2 S1 S0
A
( A)
( C)
( B)
( D)
Y= A BC + ACD
Y= A BC + ACD
Y= A BC + A BD
Y= A BD + A BC
Answer: C
Exp: Y = ABCD + ABCD + ABC
0
D
0
D
0
0
1
0
= ACD + ABC
Io
I1
I2
I3
I4
I5
I6
I7
= ABC + ACD
41.
8 :1
MUX
S 2 S1
S0
A 16-bit ripple carry adder is realized using 16 identical full adders (FA) as shown in the
figure. The carry-propagation delay of each FA is 12 ns and the sum-propagation delay of
each FA is 15 ns. The worst case delay (in ns) of this 16-bit adder will be __________.
A0
B0
FA 0
S0
A1
C0
B1
FA1
S1
A14
C1
FA14
S14
A15
B14
C14
B15
FA15
C15
S15
Indias No.1 institute for GATE Training 1 Lakh+ Students trained till date 65+ Centers across India
20
EC-GATE-2014 PAPER-04|
www.gateforum.com
Answer: 195
Exp:
A0
A1
B0
FA 0
C0
A14
B1
C1
FA1
........ .
S1
S0
A15
B14
B15
C14
C15
FA14
FA15
S14
S15
This is 16-bit ripple carry adder circuit, in their operation carry signal is propagating from 1st
stage FA0 to last state FA15, so their propagation delay is added together but sum result is
not propagating. We can say that next stage sum result depends upon previous carry.
So, last stage carry (C15) will be produced after 16 12 ns = 192 ns
Second last stage carry (C14) will be produced after 180 ns.
For last stage sum result (S15) total delay = 180ns + 15ns = 195ns
So, worst case delay = 195 ns
42.
An 8085 microprocessor executes STA 1234H with starting address location 1FFEH (STA
copies the contents of the Accumulator to the 16-bit address location). While the instruction
is fetched and executed, the sequence of values written at the address pins A15-A8 is
(A) 1FH, 1FH, 20H, 12H
Answer: A
Exp: Let the opcode of STA is XXH and content of accumulator is YYH.
Instruction:
STA 1234 H
1F FE H XXH
1F FF H 34H
20 00 H 12 H
12 34 H YYH
43.
1
. To make
s2 + s 6
this system causal it needs to be cascaded with another LTI system having a transfer function
H1(s). A correct choice for H1(s) among the following options is
(A) s + 3
(B) s - 2
(C) s - 6
(D) s + 1
Indias No.1 institute for GATE Training 1 Lakh+ Students trained till date 65+ Centers across India
21
EC-GATE-2014 PAPER-04|
www.gateforum.com
Answer: B
Exp:
Given, H ( s ) =
1
1
=
s + s 6 ( s + 3)( s 2 )
2
It is given that system is stable thus its ROC includes j axis . This implies it cannot be
causal, because for causal system ROC is right side of the rightmost pole.
Poles at s = 2 must be removes so that it can be become causal and stable
simultaneously.
( s + 3)( s 2)
( s 2) =
1
s+3
Thus H1 ( s ) = s 2
44.
A causal LTI system has zero initial conditions and impulses response h(t). Its input x(t) and
output y(t) are related through the linear constant-coefficient differential equation
d2 y ( t )
dy ( t )
+a
+ a2y ( t) = x ( t)
2
dt
dt
Let another signal g(t) be defined as
g ( t ) = a 2 h ( ) d +
t
dh ( t )
+ ah ( t )
dt
If G(s) is the Laplace transform of g(t), then the number of poles of G(s) is _______.
Answer: 1
Exp: Given differential equation
s 2 y ( s ) + sy ( s ) + 2 y ( s ) = x ( s )
y (s )
x (s )
1
= H (s )
s + s + 2
g ( t ) = 2 h ( z ) dz +
0
= 2
= 2
H (s )
s
d
h ( t ) + h ( t )
dt
+ SH ( s ) + H ( s )
1
1
+s 2
+ 2
2
2
s
+
s + 2
s ( s + s + )
( s + 2s + )
2
2 + s + s 2
1
=
2
2
s ( s + s + ) s
No. of poles = 1
Indias No.1 institute for GATE Training 1 Lakh+ Students trained till date 65+ Centers across India
22
EC-GATE-2014 PAPER-04|
45.
www.gateforum.com
X[k] =
N 1
x [ n]e
2
nk,
N
0 k N L
n=0
Denote this relation as X = DFT(x). For N = 4, which one of the following sequences
satisfies DFT(DFT (x))=x ?
( A)
( C)
x = [1 2 3 4 ]
x = [1 2 3 2 ]
( B)
( D)
x = [1 3 2 2 ]
x = [1 2 2 3]
Answer: B
Exp: This can be solve by directly using option and satisfying the condition given in question
X = DFT ( x )
D FT ( D FT ( x ) ) = DFT ( X ) =
N 1
1
N
X [n ] e
2
nk
N
n =0
DFT y [1 2 3 4]
1 1
1 1 1
10
1 j 1 j 2
1
= 1 2 + 2 j
X=
2
4 1 1 1 1 3
4
1 + j 1 j 4
2 j2
DFT of ( x ) will not result in [1 2 3 4]
Try with DFT of y [1 2 3 2]
1 1
8 4
1 1 1
1 j 1 j 2
1
= 1 2 = 1
X=
4 0 0
4 1 1 1 1 3
2 1
1 + j 1 j 2
4
1
1 1
DFT of
=
0
4 1
1
1
Same as x
Then B is right option
46.
1 4
2 1
j 1 j 1 1 4 2
=
=
1 1 1 0 2 6 3
+ j 1 j 1
4 2
1
.
x1 0 1 x1
The state transition matrix ( t ) of a system . =
0 0 x 2
x 2
t 1
1 0
( A)
1 0
t 1
( B)
0 1
1 t
( C)
1 t
0 1
( D)
Indias No.1 institute for GATE Training 1 Lakh+ Students trained till date 65+ Centers across India
23
EC-GATE-2014 PAPER-04|
www.gateforum.com
Answer: D
Exp:
=
x 2 ( t ) 0
1 x1 ( t )
0 x 2 ( t )
0 1
A=
0 0
( t ) state transistion matrix
1
( t ) = L1 ( SI A )
s 1
1
2
[SI A ] =
s
0 s
1 2
1
s
s
( t ) = L1
0
1
s
1 t
( t ) =
0 1
1
47.
s
0
1
s
ps2 + 3ps 2
with p a positive real parameter.
s2 + ( 3 + p ) s + ( 2 p )
The maximum value of p until which GP remains stable is ________.
Consider a transfer function G p ( s ) =
Answer: 2
Exp:
Given G p ( s ) =
ps 2 + 3ps 2
s2 + ( 3 + p ) s + ( 2 p )
By R H criteria
The characteristic equation is s 2 + ( 3 + p ) s + ( 2 p ) = 0
i.e. s 2 + ( 3 + p ) s + ( 2 p ) = 0
By forming R-H array,
s2 1
s1 ( 3 + )
s0 ( 2 p )
(2 p)
0
EC-GATE-2014 PAPER-04|
48.
www.gateforum.com
The characteristic equation of a unity negative feedback system 1 + KG(s) = 0. The open loop
transfer function G(s) has one pole at 0 and two poles at -1. The root locus of the system for
varying K is shown in the figure.
j
= 0.5
A
x
1
( 0,0)
x
O
The constant damping ratio line, for = 0.5 , intersects the root locus at point A. The distance
from the origin to point A is given as 0.5. The value of K at point A is ________ .
Answer: 0.375
Exp:
We know that the co-ordinate of point A of the given root locus i.e., magnitude condition
G (s) H (s) = 1
Here, the damping factor = 0.5 and the length of 0A = 5
= 0.5
A
OX
OX
1
cos 60 =
OX =
OA
0.5
4
AX
AX
3
sin 60 =
AX =
OA
0.5
4
sin =
*
1
*O
=1
2
s = 1 + j 3
4
4
1 3 9 3
k=
+ .
+
16 16 16 16
k = 0.375
Indias No.1 institute for GATE Training 1 Lakh+ Students trained till date 65+ Centers across India
25
EC-GATE-2014 PAPER-04|
49.
www.gateforum.com
Consider a communication scheme where the binary valued signal X satisfies P{X = +
1}=0.75 and P{X = -1}= 0.25. The received signal Y = X + Z, where Z is a Gaussian random
variable with zero mean and variance 2 . The received signal Y is fed to the threshold
is:
detector. The output of the threshold detector X
= { +1.
X
1.
Y>
Y .
P ( H1 ) = 0.75; P ( H 0 ) = 0.25
Received signal =X+Z
Where Z N ( 0, 2 ) ; f Z ( z ) =
e Z
2 2
2
if X = 1
1+ Z
Received signal =
1 + Z if X = 1
f ( y H1 ) =
f ( y H0 ) =
1
2
1
2 2
1
2
1
2 2
( 1)2
( +1)2
f ( y H1 )
f ( y H0 )
=
y = yopt
P ( H0 )
P ( H1 )
1
( 1)2 ( +1)2
2 2
=
yopt
+ 2 yopt 2
y opt =
P ( H0 )
P ( H1 )
P ( H0 )
P ( H1 )
2 P ( H 0 ) 1.1 2
ln
= 0.55 2
=
2 P ( H1 )
2
EC-GATE-2014 PAPER-04|
50.
www.gateforum.com
Consider the Z-channel given in the figure. The input is 0 or 1 with equal probability.
1.0
INPUT
0.25 OUTPUT
0.75
If the output is 0, the probability that the input is also 0 equals ______________
Answer: 0.8
Exp:
Given channel
X=0
1.0
input
0.25
Y =0
output
X =1
Y =1
0.75
P {y = 0 / x = 0} P {x = 0}
P {y = 0}
1. 1
1
1. 1 + 0.25
2
2
4
= 0.8
5
51.
An M-level PSK modulation scheme is used to transmit independent binary digits over a
band-pass channel with bandwidth 100 kHz. The bit rate is 200 kbps and the system
characteristic is a raised-cosine spectrum with 100% excess bandwidth. The minimum value
of M is ________.
Answer: 16
Exp:
1
(1 + )
T
[Where T is symbol duration. is roll of factor]
1
(1 + ) = 100 103
T
= 1 [100% excess bandwidth ]
1
( 2 ) = 100 103
T
Bit duration
2
T=
1
100 103
=
= 0.5 105 = 5 106 sec
3
200 10
= 20 sec
Bit duration =
Symbol duration
20 106 sec
log 2 m =
= 4 M = 16
log 2 m
5 106
Indias No.1 institute for GATE Training 1 Lakh+ Students trained till date 65+ Centers across India
27
EC-GATE-2014 PAPER-04|
52.
www.gateforum.com
Q ( v ) =
1
2
/2
(C) 10-4
(D) 10-2
Z N ( X,1)
fZ ( z ) =
1
2
( Z X )
2
2
a + z if x = a
=
a + z if x = + a
Q ( a ) = 1 108
Q ( a ) e
H1 : x = + a
H 0 : x = a
and Threshold = 0
f ( y H1 ) =
f ( y H0 ) =
2
2
1
( y a (1+ ) )2
2
1
( y + a (1+ ) )2
2
BER :
Pe = P ( H1 ) P ( e H1 ) + P ( H 0 ) P ( e H 0 )
1
1 12 ( y a (1+) )2
1
1 12 ( y + a (1+ ))2
e
dy
+
e
dy = Q ( a (1 + ) )
2
2
2 0 2
=0
0
Pe = Q ( a ) = 1 108 = e a
a = 6.07
= 0.3
Pe = Q ( 6.07 (1 0.3) ) = Q ( 4.249 )
Pe = e
( 4.249 ) 2
2
= 1.2 104
Pe 104.
Indias No.1 institute for GATE Training 1 Lakh+ Students trained till date 65+ Centers across India
28
EC-GATE-2014 PAPER-04|
53.
www.gateforum.com
The electric field (assumed to be one-dimensional) between two points A and B is shown. Let
A and B be the electrostatic potentials at A and B, respectively. The value of B A in
Volts is ________.
40 kV / cm
20 kV / cm
0 kV / cm
A
5 m
Answer: -15
Exp:
(5 10
( 0 kV / cm, 20kV / cm )
E 20 =
kV / cm, 40 kV / cm )
40 20
x 0 ) E = 4 104 x + 20
4 (
5 10
B
5104 / cm
VAB = E.dl =
( 4 10 x + 20 ) dx
5104
x2
= 4 104
+ 20x
2
54.
Given F = za x + xa y + ya z . If S represents the portion of the sphere x 2 + y 2 + z 2 = 1 for
z 0 , then F . ds is ___________.
S
Answer: 3.14
Exp:
F.ds =
S
F.dr(u sin g stoke 's theorem and C is closed curve i.e.,
x 2 + y 2 = 1, z = 0
x = cos , y = sin and : 0 to 2
= zdx + xdy + ydz
C
1
sin 2
= +
= 3.14
2
2 0
Indias No.1 institute for GATE Training 1 Lakh+ Students trained till date 65+ Centers across India
29
EC-GATE-2014 PAPER-04|
55.
www.gateforum.com
If E = ( 2y3 3yz 2 ) x ( 6xy 2 3xz 2 ) y + ( 6xyz ) z is the electric field in a source free
region, a valid expression for the electrostatic potential is
( A)
xy 3 yz 2
( B)
2xy 3 xyz 2
(C)
y3 + xyz 2
( D)
2xy 3 3xyz 2
Answer: D
Exp:
Indias No.1 institute for GATE Training 1 Lakh+ Students trained till date 65+ Centers across India
30