UNIVERSITI TLINKU ABDUL RAHMAN

ACADEMIC YEAR

2OL

12016

SEPTEMBER EXAMINATiON
FHSC 1 024 THERMODYNAMICS AND

FzuDAY , 18 SEPTEMBER

2015

ELECIBgMAGNETI$M

TIME : 2.30 PM

- 4.30 PM (2 HOURS)

FOLJ-NDATION IN SCIENCE

INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES

This question paper comprises THREE (3) sections.

SECTION A : Answer ALL questions.

SECTION ts : Choose Ol{E (1) question to answer.
SECTION C : Choose ONE (1) question to answer.

NC}TES:
Please read the instructions carefully before you answer the questions.

For those questions/sections with options, oniy the initial answers witl be marked. Any
additional answers will not be considered.

FHSC 1 024 THERMOD\T..{AMICS AND

ELECTROMAGNETISM

SECTION A
Answer ALL questions in this section.
Q1.

(a) (i)
(ii)

(b)

Define heat and

temperature.
oF

to 102
steel is cooled from 201
temperature of the steel on the Celsius

oF. Determine the change

scale.

(3 marks)

i00 nm/s.

A perfectly insulated uniform rod has a length of0.650 m and a oross sectional
area of 3.80 x 10-a m2. The temperature at one end of the rod is 98.0'C. It is
found that the total heat transferred in one minute is 1.70 kJ" What is the
temperahre at the other end?
Given thermal conductivity of the rod is 675 Js-1m'1K-1

(d)

(5 marks)

An incandescent lamp fiiament with an area of 50.0 mmz operates at 2127 'C
in a room with a temperature of 25.0 oC. Assume that all the energy furnished
to the bulb is radiated from it" trf the fi.lament acts iike a biackbody {e : l),
how much power must be furnished to the bulb when

(e)

in the
(4 marks)

If an aluminum rod has an initiai length of 2.00 cm, find thre rate of change in
temperature when the expansion rate is at

(c)

(2 marks)

operating?

(5 marks)

A monatomic gas contains 478 moles of atoms at a pressure of 2.3f1 x

It occupies u,roir.r*. of 48.4 m3.

104 Pa.

(i)

What is the total kinetic energy of the gas atoms?

(ii)

How many percent does the root mean square speed (of the gas atoms)
increase if the pressure is increased to two times of its initial pressure?
(3 marks)
The volume remains constant.
fTotal:25 marks]

(3 marks)

FHSC 1 024 THERMODYNAMICS AND ELECTROMAGNETISM

Section

A (Continued)

Q2. (a)

Three point charges have equai magnitudes, two being positive and one
negative. These charges are fixed to the courers of an equilateral triangle as
shown in Figure 1. The magnitude of the charges is 3.00 pC and the lengths
of the sides of the triangie are 2.AA cm. Caiculate the magnitude and direction
(7 marks)
of the net force that charge ts will experience.
s

t*L

Figure

(b)

(i)

Find the equivalent resistance for the circuit shown in Figure 2.

(2 marks)

(ii)

HeRce, determine the current that flows through the 10.0 CI resistor.

(4 marks)
20.0

f)

70.0 e)

I
I

i
I

v--I

30.0

60.0

80.0

i00.0 f)

CI

Figure 2

(")

(i)

Define capacitar and capacitance.

(2 marks)

4
FHS C 1 024

Section

THERMOD IT.{AMI

CS

AND ELECTROMA GNETISX4

A Q2. (c). (Continued)

(ii)

Figure 3 shows three circuits, each consisting of a switch and two

capacitors, initialiy charged as indicated (top plate positive). The
switches are then closed. State whether the charges in the ieft hand
capacitor of each circuit (1), (2) and (3) will inorease, deerease or
remain the same.

/_
J*

J*

u*

l-tn os I{_

*[-ut

"T_T' u'T-*T' 'cT**J*ze

eq

-1-sq

(1)

(2)

Figune 3

(d)

(3)

(3 marks)

series RCL circuit contains a 3.80 pF capacitor and a generator rvhose rms
voltage is 11.0 V. At a resonant ftequency of 1.20 kHz, the power delivered to
the circuit is 30.0 W. Find the vai,ue of :

(i)

the inductance,

(ii)

the resistance.

(4 marks)
(3 marks)
[Total:25 marks]

FHS

024 THERMOpIT{AMTCS ANp ELECTROMAGNETIISnA

SECTION B
Answer any one question in this section,

Ql. (a)

shows the design of a iiquid-in-glass therrnometer which is

commonlv found in science laboratorv.

Figure

Bulb

Thread

Glass stem

Thin capiliarv

Figure

(i)

Give TWO (2) reasons why mercury is normaliy used as the liquid in
(4 marks)
this tipe of thermometer.

(ii)

Suggest TWO (2) possible ways

thermometer. JustifV vour answers.

to

increase the sensitivity of the

(4 marks)

Your friend thinks that Zeroth Law of Thermodynamies is related to the

design or working of this iiquid-in-glass thennometer but he ean't quite figwe
out.

(iii)

State Zeroth Law of

(iv)

Expiain how Zeroth Law of Themnodynamies is reiated tc the design

(2 rnarks)
or working of the thermorneter"

Thermodynamies"

(2 marks)

Given that the bulb of the themrometer has a volurne of 0.500 m1, and the
diameter and length of the thin capiliary are 0.250 mm and 30.0 om
respectively. An unknown liquid Z with thermal volume expansion coeffi.cient,
p af 2.45 x 10-+ K. 1 is used to fiil up the butb at -10.0 oC.

(v)

Identify the sensitivity of the thermometer in the units of oC/mm.

(4 marks)

(vi)

Determine the range

thermometer.

of

for this
(3 marks)

weirking temperature suitabie

FI{SC1O24 TI{ERMODYNAMICS AND

ELECTR

ETISM

Section B O1. (Continued)

(b)

(i)

Expiain why the sensation of cooiness experienced differs when our

bar"e foot steps on a tiie floor and a carpet that have the same
temperature,

(ii)

Q2.

(a)

separately.

When a 100 ml aiuminium container of mass 85.0 g at temperature

20.0 "C is fuily filled by water of 85.0 oC, the equiiibrium temperature
of both the iiquid and container is 68.0 oC. Compute tire amount of
energy loss to the surrounding and suggest one meehanism of the
(4 marks)
energy loss.
fTotal : 25 marks]

ofheiium gas at a pressure of i50 kPa" The rms

is 1.35 km/s. Determine:

vessel contains 0.100 kg

speed of the helium atoms

(b)

(2 marks)

(i)

the volume of the gas,

(5 marks)

(ii)

the temperature of the gas.

(Molar atomic mass of helium is 4.00 g/mol)

(4 marks)

(i)

Write an equation which represents the First Law of Thermodyramics,

(2 marks)
by defining the syp$e1s used..

(ii)

An ideal gas undergoes the process qbca showt in Figure 5. The heat
gained in the process ab is 546 J, whiie in the process bc, tbe system
loses 62.0 J. In the process ab,the system performs 310 J of work,
while in process ca, work is done on the system in the amount of 233 J.
How much heat is gained by the system in the process ca? (8 marks)

Figure

FHSC1 024

THERMODYNAMICS AND ELECTROMAGNETISM

Section B 02. (Continued)

(c)

A refrigerator has a COP of 2,10. In each cycle, it absorbs 3.40 x 104 J of heat
from the cold reservoir.

(t

How much mechanical energy is required for each cycie to operate the
(3 marks)
refrigerator?

During each cycle, how much heat,

temperature

res ervo

ir?

Q,n ,

is discarded to the high(3 marks)

fTotai:25 marks]

FHSC 1 024 THERMODYNAMIC S AND EI-ECTROMAGNETISM

SECTION C
Answer any one question in this section.

Qi.

(a)

By using Kirchhoff s Laws, determine the current labelled in each branch of

(7 marks)
the circuit given in Figure 6.
T^

3-00

7.C10 CI

t)

13.0V

4,S0a
Figure 6

(b)

Qr

--G-*
I

Qz*

?Qo

Qs

Figure

Figure 7 shows four point charges labelled by Qt : +15,0 nC, Qz = *15.0 nC,
Q, : +15.0 nC md Qa : -15.0 nC. These charges are placed on the
circumference of a circle with a radius of 40.0 cm.

(i)

Find the electric fieid strength (magnitude and direetion) at the centre
(4 marks)
of the circle.

(ii)

Find the eiectric potential at the centre of the sircle.

(3 marks)

FHSC

024 THER.MODYNAMICS AND

ELECTROMAGNETISM

Section C Q1. (Continued)

5.80 Q

S.00

2.00

f)

;)

Switch
Figure

(c)

(i)

(ii)

ilfl

Refer to Figure 8, assurning batteries have constant DC power suppil',

determine:

(A)

the equivalence resistors of the circuits,

(2 marks)

(B)

the equivalence capacitance of the circuits,

(2 marks)

(C)

the electric eharges in 5.00 pF capacitor.

(3 marks)

The switch in Figure 8 is connected to resistors after the capacitors are

firlly charged. Determine the time required when the charge, Q i,n
(4 marks)
capacitors have dropped to 0.0600 pC.
[Total:25 marks]

10

FHSC I 024 THERMODYT\AMr

CS

ANp ELECTROMAGNETISII

Section C (Continued)

Q2.

(a)

Four particles pass through a square region of uniforrn magnetie field shoqm
in Figure 9. The magnetic field inside the square region is perpendicular to the
page, and tire field outside the region is zero. The paths followed by particies I
and 2 are shown; while for particles 3 and 4 the direstion of their velocities
and the points at which they enter the region are shown. The paths of all
particles iie in the plane of the paper. Given particle 3 has a mass of ru, a speed
of v, and a charge of -q while particle 4 has a mass 2m, a speed 2v, and no
charge.

Figure

(0

Particle t has a mass 2m, a speed 2v, and a positive eharge +2q. Frnd
the direction of the uniform magnetic field in the square region and
(2 marks)
state the rule used to determine the answer.

(ii)

Assume that the only force acting on the partieies as they move
through the rnagnetic field is the field force. What happen to particle
1's kinetic energy as it moves through the field? Give your reason.
(2 marks)

(iii)

Which particle feeis the largest magnitude of force as it passes through

(3 marks)
the field? Give your reason.

11

F'HS C 1 024

THERMOD\TNAMIC

AND ELECTROMAGNETISM

Section C 02. (Continued)

(b)

in Figure 10 below is / : 0.500 m,

the magnetic field strength is ,B : 1.00 T directed into the page while its speed
is v: 0.250 m s-1 and the resistance of the circuit is,R = 0.0500 A.
Suppose that the length of the moving rod

magnene

ftcld

inta page

&a

t
r3
\:v

a
(?t
t'>,

'{:r

t8l

lS

aa
aa
&a

Figure

(c)

1,0

(i)

What is the emf generated around the circuit?

(3 marks)

(ii)

Find the curreRt flows around the circuit and its direetion.

(4 marks)

(iii)

What is the direction of the force acting on the moving rod due to the
(1 mark)
factthat a current is flowing along it?

plane circuiar loop of conducting wire of radius r : 2A.A cm which

possesses N = 10.0 turns is piaced in a uniform magnetic fieid. The direction
of the magnetic field makes an angle of 30.0" with respeet to the normal
direction to tire loop. In a time interval of Ar = 20.0 s, the magnetic fietd
strength.B is increased at a constant rate from 81= 2.00 T to Bz = 8.00 T.

(i)

What is the emf generated around the ioop?

(ii)

If the electrical resistance of the ioop is R = 2.00 O, what ourrent flows

around the loop as the magnetic f,reld is

(7 marks)

increased?

(3 marks)
[Total:25 marks]

-l

12

FHS

1O

24 THERMO

\T.{AMI

CS

AND ELE

TROMAGNETI

SM_

List of phvsicul constants:

Acceleration of gravity, g = 9.80 m

Avogadro's number, N,q = 6.02x

Atmospheric pressure,

P*,=l

s-2

1023

alTn

mol-l
i.013 x 10' Nm"

Boltzmann's constant, ft = 1.38 x 10-23 .T K-1

Stefan-Boltzmann constant, o =5.67 x10-8 Wm-2'K4

Penneability of free space, V" = 4nxIA-7 T ' mA-'

Pennittivity of free space. e":

8.85x10-12 C2Nr '

Universal gas constant, ft = 8.314 J mol-i K-1

Coulomb's constant, k =8.99 x l0eNm2C-2
Coefficient of thermai expansion for platinum, apt'm*=9.00xi0{

uC-i

oC-l
Coeffrcient of thermal expansion for copper, &,opp", = 16.0x10{

Coefficient of thermal expansion for aiuminum, a,opp,, = 23.0x10{

Specific heat capacity of water, c*o,", -- 4186 Jkg / "C

Specific heatcapaeity of aiumifrw, cot,^inu, =9A2Jkg/"C

1

nutritional Calorie (Cal) = 1000 cal = 4186

Electron volt, 1 eV = 1.60 x10-1e J

Charge of electron

=\.60 x 10-1e

Mass of electron, m, =9.11x10-31 kg

Mass ofprotoin,

mo=1.67x10t7 kg

Mass of neutron, m, =L.67 x10-27 kg

oC-]