Dr. R.

Ramaprabha (Sec A)

The8038functiongeneratorisamonolithicintegrated
circuitthatutilizesadvancedmonolithictechnology,
suchasSchottkybarrierdiodesandthinfilmresistors.
ThisIC8038functiongeneratoriscapableofproducing
highaccuracysquare,sineandtriangularwaveformswith
minimumnoofexternalcomponents.

Pins1and12(SINEADJUST):Thispinisusuallyconnectedtoa
potentiometerwhichisconnectedbetween11(vesupplyor
ground)andeither1or12.Byadjustingitwavedistortionof
lessthan1%isachievable.
Pin2(Sinewaveout):Thesinewaveoutputisavailableatthis
pin,theamplitudeofwhichisaround22%ofVs.
(5VVs15V)
Pin3(Triangleout):Thetriangularo/pistakenoutthrough
thispin,amplitude=.33Vs.

Pins4and5(Frequencyadjust):Thesymmetryofallwaveforms
canbeadjustedbyconnecting2externalresistors(ofequal
value)between+Vccandpins4and5.Theseexternalresistors
alongwiththeexternaltimingcapacitor(pin10)determinethe
frequencyoftheoutputwaveform.
Pin6:+Vccconnection10VVcc30V.The+Vccconnectionis
donew.r.tground(pin11).
Pin7(FMbias):Itisavoltagedividercircuitconsistingof2
resittors.Thispinisgenerallyshortedtopin8andahighoutput
frequencyisobtainedwhichisdirectlyproportionaltodc
voltageatpin8w.r.tVcc.ItisgenerallyusedtotesttheIC.
Pin8(FMsweepinput):Forfrequencysweepingorforlarger
FMdeviations,themodulatingsignalisappliedbetween+Vcc
andpin8.Condition((2/3Vcc+2V)VsweepVcc)

Pin9(SquarewaveO/P):Squarewaveo/pistakenoutthrough
thispin.Itisaopencollectoro/pandaseparateloadresistorcan
beconnectedwithadifferentpowersupplybutthemaxpower
supplymustbelessthan30V.Dutycycleofthewaveformcanbe
variedfrom2%toashighas98%.
Pin10(TimingCapacitor):ExternalCapacitorconnectedwiththe
2timingresistors(pin4and5)toadjusttheoutputfrequencyof
thegeneratedo/pwaveform.Theoscillationscanbehaltedby
connectingthispintotheground.
Pin11:VeeorGroundconnection
Pin13and14:NoConnection

Atriangularwaveo/pisgeneratedbyaltenatelychargingthe
capacitorthroughonesourceandlinearlydischargingthrough
another.
Thewaveisthenappliedtocomparatorsandsimultaneouslyto
abufferwhichconnectsittoasineconverter.
Thecomparatorsandflipflopsconvertthetriangularwaveinto
asquarewavewhereasthesineconverterconvertsittoasine
wave.
Thesineconverterconsistsofaround16transistors.These
transistorsworkinanonlinearmannerprovindadecreasing
shuntimpedancewhichmovesthetriangularwavepotentialto
positiveandnegativepeaks.

Fromtheblockdiagram,itisseenthatsquareandtriangular
waveoutputsarebufferedandhaveoutputimpedanceabout
200ohms.
Butthesinewaveisnotbufferedandhaso/pimpedance
around1000ohms.
Sothesinewaveo/pisoftenfedtoanoninvertingamplifier
whichisusedforbuffering,gainandamplitudeadjustment.

LowFrequencyDriftwithTemperature.....250ppm/oC
LowDistortion...............1%(SineWaveOutput)
HighLinearity...........0.1%(TriangleWaveOutput)
WideFrequencyRange............0.001Hzto300kHz
VariableDutyCycle.....................2%to98%
HighLevelOutputs......................TTLto28V
SimultaneousSine,Square,andTriangleWave
Outputs
EasytoUse JustaHandfulofExternalComponents
Required

Fromthediagram,1st thefrequencyoftheo/pwaveformistobe
decidedandconnectedaccordingly(thecapacitornetwork
connectedtopin10).
Thentheoutputwaveform(pins2,3,9)whichisreqdisthen
connected.
Boththeabovementionedconnectionsaredonewiththehelpof
switches.
Pins1and12areconnectedtoa100kohmpot,whichcanbe
variedaccordinglytoreducethedistortioninsinewave.
Thetimingresistorsare2kohm(generallykeptequal)andare
connectedtopin4and5andisthencoupledtothecapacitor
networkthroughpin10.

Dependinguponthei/psupply,theamplitudeoftheo/pis
different.
Triangularwave:(.33)Vs
Sinewave:(.22)Vs
Butbyadjustingthe10kohmpotpresentattheo/plevel
amplitudeoftheo/pwaveformscanbechanged.
Thedutycycleofthesquarewaveo/pisgenerallykeptto50%
throughthepins4and5butcanbevaried.
Theo/pwaveformsarethenconnectedtoao/pstagewhich
consistsofaninvertingamplifier.Theo/pstageprovideslow
impedanceandincreaseso/ppowerdriveoftheIC.
ICLF31isgenerallyusedasaninvertingamplifierintheo/p
stage.