Tugas Bahasa Inggris

Nama

: Ilham Maulana

Kelas

: XII MIA 3

SMA Negeri 2 Purwakarta

Purwakarta
Tahun Ajaran 2015/2016

 Anouncement
announcement is something said, written, or printed to make known what
has happened or (more often) what will happen.
o Example : Due to the fact that the next two days are Christmas
holidays and followed by the first semester holiday, all students are
requested to study at home during those days starting on tomorrow.
School will recommence on 5th January 2016.
Principal.
o General Structure :
1. The title or type of event
2. Date or time, place
3. Contact person

Letter
A letter is a written or printed message that is usually put in an envelope
and sent by mail.
o Letters have a variety of purposes such as:


To give or request news

To share your feelings

To thank or apologize

To renew contact with someone

To respond to a letter that has been sent to you

To make arrangements
o Example :
Jl. Kintamani 5
Den Pasar 21009
Bali
November 22, 2010
Seconda Althaf S
Jl. Ir. H. Juanda 04
Bekasi 17110
Dear Althaf,
My name is Firsta Ahnaf. I am in class VII-1. I have a friend, his name is
Tomy. He is my partner. He learns to speak English with me. He has an
English book and a dictionary.
There are forty students in my class. There are seventeen boys and twentythree girls. The girls look beautiful and the boys look handsome. They are
happy to study English every Wednesday and Thursday.
Mr. Sutrisno is my English teacher. He teaches me patiently. He teaches me
to speak English and read English text. He also teaches me to sing English
songs.
Your best friend,
Firsta Ahnaf S

o General Structure :
1. Date : Date when the letter is writen (top left).
2. Address : Place where you are writing fron (top right).
3. Salutation & Name : Greeting and the persons name you are
writing to.
4. Introduction : The opening of the letter usually starts with how
are you? or refers to previous letter.

5. Body : The main part of the letter. It includes what you want to
write to the other person.
6. Closure : The part indicates the letter is going to end.
7. Complimentary close : Short expressions like love you ,
sincerely yours , love.
8. Signature : Signature or initials of the writer.
9. Postscript P.S : After thougt in a letter. You begin with P.S. and
end it with your initials.
o Language focus
1. First person pronoun
2. Persuasive language
3. Emotive language
4. The Present tense

News
News is the text of the report incidents, events or information about
something that has or is happening. Submission of this news could be
done verbally that we often hear and see on television, and writing can we
read in the print media.

o General Structure :
1. Orientation News
2. Events

Language focus :
1. Simple Present tense
2. Conjunction
3. Adverb

Bhiography
A biography or simply bio is a detailed description of a person's life. It
involves more than just the basic facts like education, work, relationships,
and death, but also portrays a subject's experience of these life events
o Examples : Albert einstein
Albert Einstein is one of the most notable and influential scientists of the twentieth century.
Although he became known as a genius of science and gained considerable fame later in life, as
a child he was slow in learning to speak, and had a rebellious nature towards the conventional
styles of learning at school, which left many teachers to believe he would amount to little.
Inspired by a compass, his sacred little geometry book, and classical music, his interest in
science and mathematics grew and by the age of sixteen he was writing his first research
science paper, and attempting to skip the last few years of high school to enter the Swiss

institute of Technology. He failed the entrance exam but set a precedent in his life for thinking
outside of the box and challenging the rules.
His most famous discovery is the theory of relativity, E=MC2, which overturned Isaac
Newtons laws by explaining the relation of energy and mass as a consequence of space and
time. First introduced in a 3-page paper in 1905, the theory was so revolutionary it couldnt be
proven until more advanced technology was available years later.
Born in Germany and raised in the Jewish faith, Einstein strongly opposed injustices of race
and religion and often lent himself to the American civil rights movement and the efforts of the
Zionist movement to preserve and cultivate the Jewish faith. He was instrumental in setting up
the Hebrew University of Israel and was even invited to become Israels second president,
which he declined. Above all else Einstein maintained a non-nationalistic pacifist belief and
urged for the disarmament of all nations and the formation of a one-world government. Often
credited as the creator of the atom bomb, Einstein merely wrote a letter to President Roosevelt
warning of Germanys possible use of nuclear weapons and was actually barred from
participating in the United States development of the atom bomb.
Albert Einstein is not only a world-renowned scientist who left an indelible mark on the world
but also an icon of popular culture whose name and image have come to represent genius and
intellect.

o General Structure :
1.
The opening paragraph gives the reader the background
information as to why this person is important and should have a
biography written about them. The opening paragraph should
briefly answer the questions: who, what, where, when and how.
2.
The recount then unfolds in paragraphs that retell a series of
events, usually told in chronological order.
3.
The final paragraph is a conclusion with a comment on the
contribution this person has made or a summary and evaluation of
the person's achievements.
o Language Focus :
1.
Use of names of specific people.
2.
Mainly written in simple past tense (the final paragraph could
also include the present tense).
3.
Use of connectives to do with time (last year, then, at the
same time, next, on Tuesday 24 May, later, before, meanwhile).
4. Use of action verbs (painted, wrote, invented, discovered)

Recount
is one of a kind English text which retells the events or experiences in the
past.
o Example : Our trip to the Blue Mountain
On Friday we went to the Blue Mountains. We stayed at David and
Dellas house. It has a big garden with lots of colourful flowers and
a tennis court.
On Saturday we saw the Three Sisters and went on the scenic
railway. It was scary. Then, Mummy and I went shopping with
Della. We went to some antique shops and I tried on some old hats.
On Sunday we went on the Scenic Skyway and it rocked. We saw
cockatoos having a shower.
In the afternoon we went home. That was very pleasent moment
with my family that I ever got
o Purpose : to retell something that happened in the past and to tell a
series of past event
o Generic Structure :
1. Orientation
2. Event
3. Reorientation
Language focus :
1. Using Past tense
2. Using Action Verbs
3. Using Adjective

 Procedure
Procedure text is a text that is designed to describe how something is
achieved through a sequence of actions or steps.
Example : How To Make Fruit Ice
Materials :

Mango

Avocado

Sugar water

Milk

Ice

Apple

Strawberries

Wine

Jackfruit

Steps :
1. First, Cut the fruit round or dice.
2. Then, Scratching the flesh of a melon.
3. Then, Boil sugar with water until cooked for about 30 minutes.
4. Next, Put in serving glasses that have been cut round pieces or dice.
5. Then, to taste Pour the sugar water, put ice cubes and put milk on ice fruit.

6. Last, put the decorations on the glass with a piece of strawberry on it.

o Purpose : to help readers how to do or make something completely

o Generic Structure:
1. Goal/Aim
2. Materials/Equipments
3. Steps/Methods
o Language Focus :
1. Using Simple Present Tense
2. Using Imperatives sentence
3. Using adverb
4. Using technical terms

Narative
Narrative text is a kind of text to retell the story that past tense. The
purpose of the text is to entertain or to amuse the readers or listeners
about the story.
o Example : The Legend Of Toba Lake
Once upon time, there was a handsome man. His name was Batara Guru
Sahala. He liked fishing. One day, he caught a fish. He was surprised to find
out that the fish could talk. The fish begged him to set it free.
Batara Guru could not bear it. He made the fish free. As soon as it was free,
the fish changed into a very beautiful woman. She attracted Batara Guru so
much. He felt in love with that fish-woman. The woman wanted to marry with
him and said that Batara Guru had to keep the secret which she had been a
fish. Batara Guru aggreed and promised that he would never tell anybody
about it.
They were married happily. They had two daughters. One day Batara Guru got
very angry with his daughter. He could not control his mad. He shouted
angrily and got the word of fish to his daugters. The daughters were crying.
They found their mother and talked her about it.
The mother was very annoyed. Batara Guru broke his promise. The mother
was shouting angrily. Then the earth began to shake. Volcanoes started to
erupt. The earth formed a very big hole. People believed that the big hole
became a lake. Then this lake is known as Toba Lake.

o Purpose : To amuse/entertain the readers and to tell a story

o General Structure :
1. Orientation
2. Complication

3. Resolution
4. Reorientation
o Language focus :
1. Using Past Tense
2. Using action verb
3. Chronologically arranged

Report
Report is a text which presents information about something, as it is. It is
as a result of systematic observation and analysis
o Example : SCHOOL
School is a building for children who want to study. School is an institution for
formal education and designed for the teaching of students or pupils under the
supervision from the educators or teachers. At school, students can learn
anything, for example, mathematics, English, science, social, physics, biology,
and art. Students go to school in the morning and start their lessons at 07.30
oclock. They have ninety minutes for every subject that they studied. At
school, students can interact with their friend, make relationship and students
are also educated to become a better person and expected to have a good
personality. A student may not come late or truant the school. If students do
those things it can be assumed as an offense and students can be punished.
There are so many rules at school that cannot be broken and must be followed
by all students. School usually have many classrooms. Besides that, there are
library, mosque, and canteen for lunch, teachers office, field for sports and
etc. School has to be a comfort and pleasure place for students because
students will spend most of their time at school.
o Purpose : to presents information about something, as it is.
o General Structure :
1. General classification
2. Description
o Language focus :
1. Introducing group or general aspect
2. Using conditional logical connection
3. Using Simple Present Tense

 Analytical Exposition
Analytical exposition text is a text that elaborates the writers idea about
the phenomenon
surrounding.
o Example : RUBBISH
Lakes and rivers are often polluted because drains from towns and factories
empty into them. And factories sometimes dump very harmful chemicals into
the water. The chemicals poison the water. Wildlife cannot easily survive in it.
Ocean-going tankers sometimes empty tank fills of oily water into the sea.
When this happens, great patches of oil are left floating on the seas surface. If
fish swallow the oil, or if their gills become dogged up, they die. Birds land on
the sea and the oil is cleaned off the birds will die.
Electricity for your home is made in buildings called power plants. Power
plants usually use coal, oil, or gas to make electricity. But some plant use
nuclear energy.
To make nuclear energy, uranium is needed. And uranium is radioactive,
which means it gives off rays which are very dangerous to any living thing.
People working in nuclear power plants wear special clothing and masks to
protect themselves.
After the uranium has been used there is some dangerous waste, rubbish, left.
Scientists havent yet found out how to make rubbish completely safe. So it is
sealed in huge concrete containers and buried at sea, or deep underground.
Some people are worried that the radioactivity might escape and poison living
things. And this rubbish remains dangerous for thousands of years.
In short, our environment has been contaminated by chemicals. And theres
humans role beyond the pollution.
o Purpose : To reveal the readers that something is the important case
o General Structure :
1. Thesis
2. Arguments
3. Reiteration/Conclusion

o Language focus :
1. Using modals
2. Using action verbs
3. Using thinking verbs
4. Using adverbs
5. Using adjective
o

Discussion Text
Discussion is a text which present a problematic discourse. This problem
will be discussed from different viewpoints. Discussion is commonly
found in philosophical, historic, and social text.
o Exampple : Pros and cons of curiculum 2013
Curriculum 2013 started to be implented on the school academic year
2013/2014. Although it has been officially used but the latest curriculum is
still still raising the pros and cons among educational practitioners.
Those who support it state that Curriculum 2013 is actually aiming to solidify
the lessons so it does not burden the students. As a result, students will focus
on the challenges of the future of the nation. So also with the teachers, they are
not burdened in the preparation of the Education Unit Level Curriculum.
Further Curriculum 2013 itself is actually not something new. Curriculum
2013 is a combination of two kinds of earlier educational curriculum in
Indonesia; CBSA (active student learning) and KTSP (education level
curriculum). It is very advategeous as CBSA teaches students to be critical.
Conversely, those who do not agree with Curriculum 2013 state the new
curriculum is less focus because it combines the learning subjects. In primary
school it combines science subjects with Indonesian. According to them
combining two subjects into one material may not be effective as it does not
consider teachers competences in most of schools in different regions in
Indonesia.
Some parents also do not aggree with Curriculum 2013 as they still want that
English is given to students from primary school. They argue that mastering
foreign language need long time and prcess and it is good if statred from
earlier. They added that many sources of common knowledges is written in
foreign language, especially English.
The reason for the application of Curriculum 2013 also does not have a strong
foundation. There is no in-depth study of the causes of the failure of previous
curriculum which makes it to be replaced with the new one
Finally the pros and cons are always there. Curriculum 2013 has been already
implemented. Will this new curriculum successfully lead education in
Indonesia to move forward? Were all going to see it.
o Generic Structure :
1. Statement of issue; stating the issue which is to discussed
2. List of supporting points; presenting the point in in supporting the presented
issue

3. List of contrastive point; presenting other points which disagree to the

supporting point
4. Recommendation; stating the writer recommendation of the discourse

o Language focus :
1. Introducing category or generic participant
2. Using thinking verb; feel, hope, believe, etc
3. Using additive, contrastive, and causal connection; similarly, on the
hand, however, etc
4. Using modalities; must, should, could, may, etc
5. Using adverbial of manner; deliberately, hopefully, etc

News Item

News item is a text which informs readers about events of the day. The
events are considered newsworthy or important.
o Example : Undersea earthquake strikes off Maluku
JAKARTA (AP): A strong earthquake struck in eastern Indonesian
waters on Tuesday, a meteorological agency said. A local official
said there was no threat of a destructive tsunami, and no damage or
causalities were immediately reported.
The quake, which had a preliminary magnitude of 6.1, was
centered beneath the Banda Sea around 188 kilometers (117 miles)
southwest of Ambon, the capital of Maluku province, the U.S.
Geological Survey said on its Web site.
The tremor was not felt by residents in the region and there were
no reports of damage or casualties, said Aprilianto, an official at a
Jakarta-based local Meteorological and Geophysics Agency.
o Purpose : To inform readers about events of the day which are
considered newsworthy or important
o General Structure :
1. Newsworthy event(s): recount the event in summary form.
2. Background event(s): elaborate what happened, to whom, in
what circumstance
3. Sources: comments by participants in, witnesses to and
authorities expert on the event
o Language focus :
1. Short, telegraphic information about story captured in headline
2. Using adverbs : time, place and manner.
3. Uses of material processes to retell the event.
4. Use of projecting verbal process in sources stage