2013 IEEE 7th International Power Engineering and Optimization Conference (PEOC02013). Langkawi. Malaysia.

3-4 June
2013

Parameter Identification of Three-Phase

Induction Motor using MATLAB-Simulink
Rahmatul Hidayah Salimin\ Siti Hajar Binti Abd Kadir2, Shah Rizam Mohd. Shah Baki, Faridah Ismail
Universiti Teknologi MARA Malaysia
40450 Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia
l
2
E-mail: rhsalimin@yahoo.com. sitihajar.akadir@gmail.com

Abstract-This

paper

describes

convenient

method

in order to check the accuracy of virtual induction motor's

parameter.

for

parameter identification of induction motor. Experimental tests

of induction motor, namely dc, no-load and blocked-rotor tests

II.

are conducted to identify the motor parameters. To substantiate

the validity of the equivalent circuit parameters which are

The flow chart as shown in the Figure 1 describes the

methodology throughout the process used in this study. It
consists of experimental test and MATLAB simulation.

deduced from experimental tests, these characteristics are used to

simulate

virtual

machines

implemented

under

METHODOLOGY

MATLAB

Simulink for modeling each tests. Finally, the result of both

experimental and simulation are compared. The result shows
good correlation between simulation value and values obtained

Start

from experimental tests.

Do

Keywords- Three-Phase Induction motor, MATLABISimulink

virtual tests, parameter identification.

I.

test of dc, no-load and

blocked-rotor tests

INTRODUCTION

Determine the equivalent circuit parameters

The induction motor is most popular motor used in

industry because of it is simple, rugged, low-priced, and easy
to maintain. However, the performance of induction motor
might change whenever there are fluctuations in load and it
could cause damage to the motor or other components if the
motor works exceed the rated values. Thus, the equivalent
circuit of an induction motor is a very useful tool in order to
determine the motor response to the changes in load.

from the experiment

(

The parameters obtained fiom the experiment

are

used for

indm:ti on moor

simulation

model

fum the simulation of dc, no-load and blocked

rotor tests

The study is proposed to develop a simulation model to

identify the parameter of induction motor using MATLAB
Simulink. Comparative study with experimental are done to
determine the accuracy of the develop tests model.

Determine the eqrnvalent cirmit parameters

from the simulati on

There are a lot of research have been conducted to identify

the induction motor parameters such as applied dynamic
optimization to the parameter identification of induction motor
for vector control and fault detection [1], online estimation of
stator and rotor resistance of the induction motor in the
indirect vector-controlled drive using artificial neural
networks [2] and another online parameter estimation using
least-squares approximation [3-4].

Compare the parameters obtained from both

WffiJJ ;uand
No

simulati on.

Result acceptable?
Yes

In this paper, the conventional technique of three basic

tests that are dc test, no-load test, and blocked rotor test were
use and the experimental result will be compared to the
simulation result. The dc, no-load and blocked rotor tests
simulation models are developed by using MATLAB
Simulink and Power System Blockset (PSB) [5-7].The
relevancy of this study is by comparing the result obtained
from the laboratory with computer simulation will facilitate

978-1-4673-5074-7/13/$31.00 2013 IEEE

exp er i mental

End

End
Fig.

647

I. Flow chart of the methodology

2013 IEEE 7th International Power Engineering and Optimization Conference (PEOC02013). Langkawi. Malaysia. 3-4 June
2013

2)

No-Load Test
The no-load test on an induction motor is conducted to
measure the rotational losses of the motor and to determine
some of its equivalent circuit parameters (Re, XM) as in
Figure 3. In this test, the stator terminals are supplied by
balanced voltages at the rated frequency with the rotor
uncoupled from any mechanical load. At the motor input, the
current, voltage and power are measured. Total losses of core
losses, winding losses, windage and friction are said as the
losses in the no-load test.

The steady-state operating characteristics of a three-phase

induction motor are often investigated using a per-phase
equivalent circuit as shown in Figure 2.

Ll

Figure 2. Per-phase equivalent circuit of an induction motor referred to

stator.

L,

In this circuit, RI and X I represent stator resistance and

leakage reactance, respectively; R2 and X2 denote the rotor
resistance and leakage reactance referred to the stator,
respectively; Re resistance stands for core losses; XM
represents magnetizing reactance; and s denotes the slip.
The equivalent circuit is used to facilitate the computation
of various operating quantities, such as stator current, input
power, losses, induced torque, and efficiency. When power
aspects of the operation need to be emphasized, the shunt
resistance Re is usually neglected; the core losses can be
included in efficiency calculations along with the friction,
windage, and stray losses. In the following, the experimental
and simulation setup for each tests are described.
A.

Figure 3.

Electrical connection for no load and blocked rotor tests.

The equivalent input impedance is thus approximately

IZeql

Xl

(2)
where X 1 can be found in the blocked-rotor test, thus the
magnetizing impedance XM will be known for the motor and
ignore Re.
3)

Blocked-Rotor Test
The blocked-rotor test on an induction motor is performed
to determine some of its equivalent circuit parameters (R2,
X 1+X2). In this test, in order to prevent rotation, the rotor is
blocked. The balanced voltages are then applied to the stator
terminals by using frequency which is 25 percent of the rated
frequency and at a voltage where the rated current is achieved.
Voltage, current, and power are measured at the motor input.
The input power to the motor is given by

Experimental Test

The parameters of the equivalent circuit can be obtained

from the dc, no-load, and blocked-rotor tests. These
experimental tests are done on two types of Y-connected 4poles wound rotor induction motors: Ml (2 A W 1666) and M2
(MCD NO.SD54 429) in the Application Laboratory at level 4
of Faculty of Electrical Engineering, UiTM Shah Alam. The
specification for each motors are given in Table I.

3Vr/r cos 9

Thus locked-rotor impedance angle

TABLE!.
Power
(kW)

MI

242

M2

223.7

SPECIFICATIONS OF TESTED MOTORS

Voltage
(V)

Current

Freq

(A)

(Hz)

Speed
(rpm)

415

50

1430

415

50

XM

cos - l

The angle of total impedance is

IZBRI

RBR jXBR
IZBRI cos B

e.

e is can
p.m

(3)
be found as

..J3vrIr

(4)

SO,

jlZBBI

sin 9

(5)

The blocked-rotor resistance RBR is equal to

1440

RI R'};
(6)
Since R I was determined in the dc test, thus rotor resistance
R2 can now be found as
(7)
:. Rz RBR - RI
RBR

1)

DC Test
The DC Test is performed to compute the stator winding
resistance RI. A dc voltage is applied to the stator windings of
an induction motor. The resulting current flowing through the
stator windings is a dc current; thus there is no voltage
induced in the rotor circuit, and the motor reactance is zero.
The stator resistance is the only circuit parameter limiting
current flow and can be computed as

The blocked-rotor reactance XBR is equal to

XBR

_frfw:a
fte:&r

l
XBR - XI

X'};

But since wound rotor induction motors was used in the

(1)

experimental, therefore

648

(8)

2013 IEEE 7th International Power Engineering and Optimization Conference (PEOC02013). Langkawi. Malaysia. 3-4 June
2013

3)

Virtual Blocked-Rotor Test

The virtual blocked-rotor test can be carried out by using
the same Simulink model of no-load test. However the only
slightly difference is the inertia and the friction parameters are
reset
to
infmite
values
(inertia=10000kg.m2 and
friction=IOOOO N.m.slrad)

(9)
B.

Induction Motor Tests Using MATLAB-Simulink

The parameters identified from experimental test will then

be validated by using virtual induction motor from the
MA TLAB-Simulink. Table II shows the identified parameters
used to dimension the simulation machine.

TABLE I!

Virtual DC Test
The model shown in Figure 4(a) is built to represent the
stator resistance measurements.
1)

Nominal power, L-L

voltage and frequency
Stator (R L )
,

Rotor (R2' L2)

Mutual inductance LM

2)

Virtual No-Load Test

To perform the no-load test, the model shown in Figure
4(b) is built.

'-;:;-:--:-:-:-_--c-o n- l a- nl
---

r---:

,,""

ttt
I

Inertia, friction and

pairs of poles

SIMULINK VIRTUAL TESTS PARAMETERS

Ml

M2

242000W, 415V, 50Hz

223700W, 415V, 50Hz

4.896, 0.00391
5.774, 0.00391
0.21715
i
0.03124 kg.m , 0.00358
2

0.625, 0.02332

N.m.s/rad

IIsl
From

Display

lVsl

Q :'.

From1

Displ;y1

Yllchronous

Machine
,,".

4-4-4-

(a)
fE

Dlsplay1

Actfve Power

&Tm

fE==5] Constant
la (I'ms)

-0 --"--- 1

C Voltage Source

-0

----

-----

Voltage Sourcel

18 (rms)l
---

--

-+
AC VoltA!lge Source2

la (rms)2

Phase A Current2
A9yncillonOU9 MachllU!'
51 Units

(b)
Figure 4.

(a) Simulink model of DC test. (b) Simulink model of no-load test and blocked-rotor test

649

9.815, 0.02332
0.033
L
0.03124 kg.m , 0.00358
2

N.m.s/rad

2013 IEEE 7th International Power Engineering and Optimization Conference (PEOC02013). Langkawi. Malaysia. 3-4 June
2013

III.

is old, has not been use for a long time thus the result may not
be accurate.
Nevertheless, overall of the result indicates that the
average relative error from both methods is below 3% and
even though the error of XI and X2 in result ofMI are slightly
high, but it is still acceptable since it is less than 10%. Based
on the comparative study between simulation and experiment
shows that the proposed method using Matlab-Simulink is can
precisely predict the equivalent parameter of the induction
motor.

RESULT AND DISCUSSION

In this section, the result of experimental tests and

simulation tests are presented in Table III and Table IV, where
various quantities such as voltage, current and power are
required to compute the equivalent motor parameters.
TABLE TIT.

Ml

M2

RESULTS OF EXPERIMENTAL TESTS OF INDUCTION MOTOR

Test

Voltage
(V)

Current

Power

(A)

(W)

DC
No-load
Blocked-rotor
DC
No-load
Blocked-rotor

0.235
415
94.8
0.03
415
187

0.024
3.45
5
0.024
3
6

2210
800
1969
1128

TABLE IV.

Ml

M2

IV.

RESULTS OF SIMULATION TESTS OF INDUCTION MOTOR

Test

Voltage
(V)

Current

Power

(A)

(W)

DC
No-load
Blocked-rotor
DC
No-load
Blocked-rotor

0.235
415
94.8
0.03
415
187

0.0243
3.447
4.993
0.024
2.996
5.98

2218
800.1
1967
1128

In order to determine the accuracy and effectiveness of

proposed models, the result of both hardware and software
parameters models such as R I, R2, XI, X2 and XM are
compared in term of percentage error as shown in Table V.
TABLE V.

EQUIVALENT CrRCUlT PARAMETER DETERMINEDBY

EXPERIMENT AND SIMULATION AND THE CORRESPONDING ERROR

Ml

Experiment

Simulation

RI

4.896

4.843

R2

5.774

XI

1.23

Ml

Error

Error

CONCLUSION

The objectives of this study have been met where the

induction motor model was successfully developed using
Matlab-Simulink and the accuracy of the developed tests
model's parameters can be obtained from experimental. The
result from both methods shows good correlation in term of
relative percentage error which indicates as the accuracy of
virtual induction motor's parameter. The limitation of this
study is only two induction motors are used in the
experimental test because of the limited availability of
induction motor and some of the motors experience
misalignment and produce noise as the motor rotate.
The use of computer software for modeling and
simulating electrical machines is actually necessary for current
teaching and learning. Thus, it will facilitate on undergraduate
fundamental learning in electrical machinery courses because
it help to give them understanding of the motor performance.
As a recommendation, the laboratory session should have
divided into two main components: software session and
hardware session. By using software program, student will be
able to investigate motor characteristic under different
condition which they incapable to do that at hardware session
due to limited time constraint. Besides that, the proposed
method of using simulation also helps them to insight the
experiment procedure and expected result before they entering
for the hardware laboratory session.

Experiment

Simulation

1.08

0.625

0.625

0.00

REFERENCES

5.857

1.44

9.815

9.885

0.71

1.20

2.44

7.325

7.335

0.14

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(%)

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7.325

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XM

68.22

68.31

0.13

72.545

72.635

1.19

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the result of M2 is smaller than the result of MI. Thus, it can
be said that the proposed method more likely can precisely
predict the parameters of M2 better than MI.
The parameters values of RI from the result of M2 for
both simulation and experimental values are same which
means that it is accurate while the value of R1 from the result
ofMI have slightly different.
Compared with parameter result of M2, the error of
parameters from the result of MI especially Xl and X2 are
quite high might be because the induction motor used for
experiment

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2013 IEEE 7th International Power Engineering and Optimization Conference (PEOC02013). Langkawi. Malaysia. 3-4 June
2013

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