FOUNDATION UNIVERSITY RAWALPINDI CAMPUS (FURC)

Department of Electrical Engineering

Electrical Network Analysis Lab

Experiment No. 1:
RLC Series-Parallel Circuit Analysis
Objective:
This exercise examines the voltage and current relationships in series-parallel R, L, C networks.
Both Kirchhoffs Current Law and Kirchhoffs Voltage Law may be applied to these circuits.

Introduction:
Many complex R, L, C networks may be analyzed by reducing them to simpler series or parallel
circuits. In this analysis each series or parallel element is in fact a complex impedance made up
of a series or parallel combination of other components and thus producing a phase angle
between +90 and -90 degrees. Consequently, the simple all right angles phasor diagrams found
for basic series and parallel circuits may be replaced with more general phasor diagrams with
non-right angles. In spite of this, both Kirchhoffs Current Law and Kirchhoffs Voltage Law
must still be satisfied for the entire circuit, as well as any sub-circuits or branches.

Applications:
Components of an electrical circuit or electronic circuit can be connected in many different
ways. The two simplest of these are called series and parallel and occur frequently.
In a series circuit, the current through each of the components is the same, and the voltage across
the circuit is the sum of the voltages across each component. In a parallel circuit, the voltage
across each of the components is the same, and the total current is the sum of the currents
through each component. Some of the practical examples of series circuits are:
A Voltage Divider - 2 resistors in series, across one of them you get a desired voltage (which is
smaller than the total voltage).
Parallel circuits are standard for home electrical wiring, and there are many parallel circuit
advantages that are not possible with series circuits. Here's what to know. This kind of circuitry
has the components arranged parallel to each other, forming a connection so that power from the
source is distributed evenly.

Equipment:
1) AC Power Supply
2) DMM
3) Breadboard

Components:
1) Resistors
2) Capacitors
3) Inductor
Procedure:
Unlike the parallel circuit connection, when finding the total (effective) resistance in a series, the
resistances are simply added. Thus, when a number of resistances are connected in parallel, the
reciprocal of the effective resistance is given by the arithmetic or algebraic sum of the reciprocal
of the individual resistance. In the given circuit R1 is in series with the parallel combination of
(R2+XL) and (R3+XC).
Build the circuit as shown in the figure to determine voltage across it and current through it.

1) Measure the voltage V1 across the resistor R1 and then find the current I1/IT.
2) Measure the voltage V2 across the resistor R2 and then find the current I2
3) Measure the voltage V3 across the resistor R3 and then find the current I3
4) Calculate the total impedance ZT of the given circuit.
5) Calculate the total current IT through the Vs and ZT. i.e. (IT=Vs/ZT)
6) Compare the calculated current in step (5) with the summation ofI2 and I3and verify the
result either this is equal to I1/IT.
7) Verify the results using Multisim

Questions:
Q1: Why series/parallel Circuits are used?
Q2: Calculate ZT of the given Circuit?
Q3: Measure IT and compare with calculated values?
Q 4. Prove KVL on both the mesh and outer loop.
Q 5. Prove KCL at the principal node in this circuit.