Summary:

This lab experiment was performed to get introduced to the DC motor and to become familiar with using
the 12V DC double pole double throw (DPDT) relay. In this experiment, the DPDT relay was used to
control the switch operations, which allowed for the circuit to be powered by AC/DC current. The results
of the experiment showed that as the voltage is changed (increased/decreased), the speed of the DC motor
also changes. For example, if the input voltage is increased, the motor speed also increases, and vice
versa. This finding shows that the two entities have a directly related. In addition, this experiment showed
that a lower input voltage will cause a greater loss of voltage output from generator (Table 1).

Objective:
The purpose of this lab is to understand the relay operation, to become familiar with using the 12V DC
DPDTrelay to switch loads, and also to get introduced to the DC motor.

Equipment Setup& Components:

The equipments used in this lab are digital multi-meter, analog amp meter, industrial experiment board,
connecting wires, DC power supply, DC motor and a 12V DC DPDT relay.
DC Motor:
A device that converts energy into mechanical energy. All motors are powered with AC or DC voltages of
various levels.In this lab, the motor used is a 12V DC Permanent Magnet motor. This motor is coupled
with a belt and pulleys to a generator which will produce a voltage output while turning. The motor
possesses good starting torques with a poor speed regulation.

DPDT Switch:
A pair of contacts in a relay switch is said to be closed when current can flow from one point to the other,
when the contacts are not touching, it could be said that they are open and current cannot flow through
them. The contacts are normally open (NO) until closed by flipping the switch or normally closed (NC)
and opened by the flipping of the switch. Poles are a number of separate circuits that are controlled by the
switch; a 2 pole switch has two separate sets which are identical (an SPST on each side) but are controlled
by the same knob. A throw is the amount of positions a switch can take up. In this lab we used a double

throw switch, which has a contact that can be connected to both or either contacts. In the lab we used dry
contact switches which mean that no power was applied unless we supplied it.

Figure 1: Schematic of a DPDT relay

Test method:
Following is the step-by-step explanation of the procedure:
1. Before turning on the power supply, connect V1=12V to the lead terminal fuse. Then Connect the
switch and fused 12V + and the lead to the correct relay coil terminals.
2. Connect V2=5V + to the terminal strip, directly to the relay coil connection.
3. Connect 5V piezo buzzer using only 1 side of the DPDT relay switch, in order for the buzzer to
sound when the relay is energized.
4. Disconnect the piezo buzzer.
5. Repeat the steps using a 12V red lamp instead of the 5V buzzer.
6. Implement the water tank high level alarm scenario as outlined by the lab instructor. Demonstrate
your success.
7. Use the Rely to switch the 12V DC motor ON. Vary the motor voltage while it is running.

Test Results:
In this lab experiment, we were presented with a water tank overflow alarm scenario, and the set-up
involved a flat switch, placed above the tank, a 5V piezo buzzer and a 12V red lamp.
In this case, a high level of water in the water tank would cause the buzzer and light to turn on wherever
the switch is closed. The following diagram shows the circuit schematic of the above described problem:

Figure 2: Schematic of the relay circuit

Lamps = 12V, and a Buzzer = 5V
Table 1: The experiment results involving voltage input and output for 4 trails
Trial #

Voltage input (V)

Voltage output (V)

12.04

9.26

10.00

7.90

8.00

6.24

6.00

4.50

Analysis/Interpretation:
The experiment showed that, as the voltage is changed, the speed of the DC motor also changes. For
example, if the input voltage is increased, the motor speed also increases, accordingly. And if the voltage
is incrementally decreased, the DC motor speed also decreases, thus showing that the two entities have a
relationship which is directly proportional. Table 1 also shows a relationship between the input and output

voltages. According to the table, the lower the input voltage, the greater the loss of voltage output from
generator.

Conclusion:
The DC DPDT relay is used in the circuit to alarm the water tank user about water overflow, which is
indicated when the red light turns on along with the piezo buzzer going off. Moreover, the DC motor
voltage was measured to be 12.04 V from the DC power supply. It was also found that the lower input
voltage generated a lower motor speed. In addition, it could be concluded that the quantity of voltage
output is dependent on the speed of DC motor, and if the polarity of the DC motor is changed, the motor
start operating in opposite direction.

Gagandeep Singh
S.I.D.: 200351804
ENEL 280

Section #: 083
Lab #: 3
Title of lab: Using the DPDT Relay and Introduction to the DC Motor
Date: 05/11/2015
Group members: