4.

0 EROSION AND SEDIMENT CONTROL

Soil erosion varies with the type of construction and how soon the application
temporary or permanent surface soil protection can be completed. The
critical areas that are prone the erosion would be required to be identified for
compliance with the guidelines. This would serve as the control to minimize
the extent of erosion to the vicinity of the proposed development.
4.1 General and Construction Conditions
The erosion and Sediment Control Plan shall be read with the engineering
plans and any other plans or written instruction that may be issued in
relation to development at the site.
Contractors shall ensure that all erosion and sediment controls works are
undertaken as stated in the specification and in accordance with the Urban
Stormwater Management Manual for Malaysia (MASMA). All contractors shall
be informed of their responsibilities in minimizing the potential for soil
erosion and pollution of downslope areas.
The following items outline the construction sequence of this proposed
development:
Item
1

Works
Site Preparation

Eartwork

Sedimentation
Pond
Quarry Pit

Description
Involves site clearing, grubbing and
construction of temporary drainage.
Cutting, filling, temporary/permanent
drainage and slope stabilization.
Excavation and construction of sedimentation.
Excavation of quarry pit.

4.2 Erosion Sediment Control Facilities

Some of the key erosion sediment control facilities proposed are listed as
follow:

Sediment Basin No. 1.

Intercepting earth drain/channels.
Check dams in earth drains.
Wash trought and water jet facility at main entrance.
Water spraying trucks to suppress dust.
Access road to sediment basins and other erosion control facilities.

4.3 Land Disturbance

Where practicable, the soil and erosion hazard of the site shall be kept as low
as possible by limiting and disturbance.
The whole site is assumed to be a disturbed area during construction. The
amount and mode of erosion of sediment from the disturbed area varies with
each stage of the construction. Surface water would be deemed the most
significant agent causing soil erosion. The amount and sizes of soil particles
dislodged and transported as sediment will increase as the volume and
velocity of runoff increase.
Other factors are the exposure of disturbed area to rain splash, type of soil,
compaction and extent of surface depression.
Land Use
Limitation
Constructi Limited to 5m (preferably 2m)
on area
from
the
edge
of
any
essential construction activity
as shown in engineering
plans.
Access
Limited to maximum width of
area
5m.

Remainin
g area

Comments
All site workers will clearly
recognize these areas. Where
appropriate are identified with
barrier fencing.

The
supervising
engineer/Clerk-of-work
will
determine and mark the
location of these zones on site.
Entry prohibited except for Thinning of growth might be
essential management works. necessary.

4.4 Erosion and Sediment Control Measure

1) The following erosion and sediment control measure shall be
constructed prior to commencement of clearing and grubbing
operation through the site;
a) Temporary diversion channels and temporary waterway crossing of site
access road.
b) Stabilized site access and sediment fence along lower perimeter of
site, if required.
c) Vehicle, equipment and material storage area.
d) Temporary access to the sediment basin.
e) Sediment basin to protect area surrounding the basin.
2) The following erosion and sediment control measures shall be
constructed when required according to the location and timing of
works;
a) Topsoil stockpile areas including sediment fencing on downslope side.

b) Vegetated buffer areas.

c) Vehicle, equipment and materials storage area.
d) Sediment fencing, if required.
4.5 Erosion Control Conditons
1. Vehicular access to the site shall be limited to only that essential for
construction works and all vehicles shall enter the site only trough the
establish site access point.
2. Soil material shall be replaced in the same order they are removed
from the ground.
3. Where practicable, the construction programme shall be scheduled so
that time from starting land disturbance activities to stabilization is
less than six months, weather permitting.
4. Land recently stabilized with grass species shall be watered regularly
until an effective cover has properly establish and plant are growing
vigorously. Further application os seed might be necessary later in
areas of inadequate vegetation establishment.
4.6
Pollution Control Conditions
1. Stockpile should not be located within 5m of hazard areas, including
the likely areas of high velocity flows such as waterways, paved areas
and driveways.
2. The sediment basin shall be constructed where shown on ESCP. It shall
have been designed in accordance with the procedures given in the
MASMA based on a design event of 3 months ARI.
3. The sediment basin shall be flocculated before discharge occurs.
4. One or more pegs shall be placed on the floor of the basin to clearly
indicate level at which design capacity occurs and when sediment shall
need to be removed.
5. Sediment removed from any trapping device shall be disposed of in
locations where further erosion and consequent pollution to downslope
lands and waterways will not occur.
6. Water shall be prevented from directly entering the permanent
drainage system unless it is relatively sediment free.
7. Temporary erosion and sediment control structures shall be removed
only after the lands they are protecting stabilized.

4.7 Access Road

Vehicular access to the site shall be controlled and restricted to the
construction vehicles that are essential for the construction work. All
vehicles entering the site shall only be allowed to traverse on the
designated and established construction site access routes. At least
10m long of construction access from the entrance gate shall be
stabilized and covered with a layer 200mm thick aggregates base to
prevent sediment being carried off-site to the public roads.
Washing facilities such as wash trough and water jet shall be provided
at the exit points of the construction site. Tires of all vehicles need to
be washed and cleaned before leaving the site and access to the public
road. Detail of the proposed wash through is shown in Appendix 6.
In order to prevent the surface water runoff being discharged directly
to the drains with the mud and silt, sediment trap would be provided
for sediment control. All temporary drains at the site shall be
discharged to the sediment trap prior to the external drains.
Water spraying shall be adopted to stabilize soil at those areas with unstabilized soil from wind erosion and to reduce dust generated by the
construction activities.
Contractor workmen, truck drivers and earthwork machinery operator
shall be constantly reminded to minimize noise disturbance to the
surrounding environment.
5.0 SITE INSPECTION AND MAINTENANCE
A qualified person will be required to oversee the installation and
maintenance of all erosion and sediment control measure on site. The
responsible person will ensure that:
1. The ESCP is being implemented properly
2. Repairs are undertaken as required
3. Essential modifications are made to the ESCP if and when necessary.

5.1 Inspection Frequency

The site and erosion sediment control facilities shall be inspected by qualified
personnel or inspectors of the contractor and the consulting engineers site
staff.
a. Daily immediately before work commences in the morning.

b. Daily immediately before site closure.

c. At least weekly.
d. Immediately following any rain storm event that has resulted high
surface water runoff.
5.2 Items To Be Inspected
5.2.1 Daily Immediately Before Work Commences In The
Morning
Wash trough and water jet facilities at main entrance
5.2.2 Daily Immediately Before Site Closure

Fencing. This is to ensure no unauthorized personnel can intrude

into the site causing possible damage of theft of the facilities.
Discharge outlets of sediment basin No.1 and No.2.

5.2.3 At Least Weekly

Sediment basin No.1 & 2

Intercepting earth drains/channels.
Check dams in earth drains.
Wash trough and water jet facility at main entrance.
Access road to sediment basins and other erosion control
facilities.

5.2.4 Briefing After Major Rain

Sediment basin No. 1 & 2

Intercepting earth drains/channels.
Check dams in earth drains.
Access road to sediment basins and other erosion control
facilities.

5.3 Briefing Of Workmen

Workmen shall be briefed regularly on the following earthwork procedures:
1) The surface of fill batters shall be compacted to provide a smooth
surface to reduce rain splash and formation of rill.
2) Cleared vegetation and debris shall not be allowed to be deposited or
pushed into existing or proposed watercourses.
3) Provision of intercepting drain at the top of cut or fill slope to reduce
sheet flow over slope surface.
4) Spot turfing and close turfing shall be applied as soon as earthwork
profile is completed to avoid surface erosion and loss of top soil.
5) Removal of any stockpiled material or sediment that has encroached
within 2m of surface drain.

6) Earth moving trucks shall traverse along specified routes within the
site.
5.4 Duties Of Inspectors
To check on various erosion sediment control facilities and other related
items and to report to his superior so that immediate remedial measure can
be taken to ensure the proper operation of these facilities.
1) All earth bank, diversion drains and waterways are operating within
the safe limits by noting any evidence of scour.
2) Any construction work procedure and practice at the site since the
previous inspection has not caused sediment to be discharge into
drains and waterway.
3) Water jet to clean tyres of earth moving trucks is in working order.
4) Wash trough is in working condition and that silt is regularly removed
or drained off.
5) Removal of sediment from sediment basins and traps and that
disposal is in compliance with local authoritys regulations.
6) Clearing of trash and floatable material after each heavy storm or to
arrange diversion to avert flooding of their surrounding if necessary.
7) Repair of any breached sediment traps or basins with suitable
remedial measures recommended by the consultant and or other
qualified personnel.
8) Repair or re-stabilized of any area of soil erosion to reduce further
erosion.
9) Sign of traversing along unauthorised access routes by earth moving
trucks that may cause damage to earth drains or other erosion control
facilities.
10)
Geo-fabric filter cloth constructed outside the land boundary at
the sea is in working condition and to arrange repair of any part
thereof if found.
11)
To monitor dust daily or anytime when vehicles movements
increase and if necessary, to report to superior to arrange spraying of
water by spraying trucks or application of soil binder or a permanent
surface sealing agent as necessary.

5.5 Keeping Of Log Book

Logbook should always be kept on site for inspection by DOE or local
Authority Officers with entries made at least weekly on:
1) Dates of installation and removal of site work practices
2) Repair of any damage to site work practices.
3) Rainfall depths, durations and times.

4)
5)
6)
7)
8)

Storage capacity available in pollution control structures.

Condition of site work practice, structures and stabilized surface.
Time, date, volume and type of any addition of flocculants if used.
Estimates of water volumes discharged
Estimates of pollutant volumes removed

6.0 CONCLUSION
The Erosion and Sediment Control Plan (ESCP) consists of proposed
temporary measures to be implemented during construction. The ESCP take
into account the Best Management Practices (BMP) to control the impact of
erosion and sedimentation.
Implementation of Erosion Sediment Control could be done well with the
following requirement.

Well-planned earthwork construction sequence.

Appropriate erosion sediment control measurement installed at the
appropriate location.
All surface run-off will be discharged into the proposed wet
sedimentation pond which will be pump out within the five day period
following rainfall. The proposed sediment basin also acts as a detention
pond to control outflow discharging into the existing drainage system.
The invert level of the controlled outlet structure is designed to be at
the top water level of the settling zone.
Frequent maintenance is required.