LOCAL STUDIES

SELF ESTEEM
1. Lccs
Almogela. L et al (2013) showed that there is no significant difference between the
relationship of self-esteem and health-related behavior when grouped according to males and
females. It implied that when it comes to the variable gender, the relationship of self-esteem and
health related behavior of males and females are not significantly different from one another. The
researchers used the Rosenbergs Self-Esteem Scalein Saint Louis University School of Nursing
Baguio City. There is no significant difference between self-esteem and health related
behaviours of males and females, because gender does not moderate the relationship between
the self-esteem and health-related behaviors (Stress and Gender in relation to Self-esteem
of University Business students, 2011). This study in contradictory to some researches in
which the relationship of self-esteem and health-related behaviors of males and females shown
that there was a statistically significant difference with one another, which shows that males
scored significantly higher level of self-esteem than females (Self-esteem and optimism in
rural youth: Gender differences, 2010). Students in the college of nursing.

2. Self-Esteem and its Correlates among University

Freshmen Biotechnology Major
A study condicted in the College of Arts and Sciences in Rizal Technological University,
Mandaluyong City by Olea et al. (2012) showed that both male and female student
respondents showed positive perception of their self-esteem. A self-administered survey

that rates the level of self-esteem using the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Test (Rosenberg,
1985) was used. The Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale Test was used because it is being
referred to as generally the standard tool against which other measures of selfesteem are compared.

PERCEIVED STRESS
1. Stress, Stressors, and Stress
Responses of Student Nurses in a Government Nursing School
Leodoro Jabien Labrague, Associate Dean, College of Nursing & Health Sciences,
Samar State University, Philippines
Perceived stress scale (PSS)
A study in the College of College of Nursing & Health Sciences, Samar State University
by Labrague, L.J.(2013) examined nursing students stress levels and types of stressors,
the PSS was utilized. This instrument was developed by Sheu et al. This study
investigated the level of stress, stressors, and physio-psycho-social responses to
stress among Filipino student nurses in a government nursing school. Result of this
investigation has demonstrated that perceived level of stress in Filipino student
nurses was considered as moderate stress.

2.
A Pilot Study Quantifying Filipino Nurses Perception of Stress
Elizabeth M. Andal
2006
Instrument
Study of Andal (2006) showed that Filipino nurses rated factors such as lack of
opportunity to discuss problems with peers and inadequate emotional preparation as low
on the stress scale. Stress factors rated occasionally or frequently stressful.
The Expanded Nursing Stress Scale (ENSS) was used in this study. The scale is
designed to measure nurse stress levels categorized as: death and dying, conflict with
physicians, inadequate preparation, problems with peers, problems with supervisors,
workload, uncertainty concerning treatment,