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ABSTRACT
1. INTRODUCTION
This paper is the follow up of the one I
presented at MEMS-97 [1, 2]. This time, I want
to focus more on the overview of the past, present
and future of MEMS than the technological
development dealt in my previous paper.
In the past twenty years, MEMS technology has
matured in the micrometer scale; flexible
3-dimensional fabrication, integration with
microelectronic circuits and operation of various
devices are successfully demonstrated. I have
experienced big surprises to see new processes and
devices presented at past IEEE MEMS conferences.
Some MEMS products achieved commercial
success. Based on such success, many new
products have been and will be introduced to the
market now. I will touch upon such applications
and give some consideration on how we can
accelerate the MEMS commercialization. For
wider acceptance of MEMS technology, I believe
it is important to provide infrastructures, e.g.
MEMS foundry services and a virtual design
environment, through the collaboration of
academic, industrial and governmental sectors.
Finally, I will discuss future trends of MEMS
research.
1970
1980
sensor
researchers
1990
2000
electrical engineers
MEMS, micromachine
mechanical engineers
optical engineers
chemists, biologists
communication engineers
scientists in nano scale
Fig. 1
optical MEMS
micro-TAS, bio-MEMS
RF MEMS
nano tech.
Table 1
wet anisotropic
etching
surface
micromachining
dry anisotropic
etching
circuit
integration
nano machining
microactuator
bonding
pressure sensor
accelerometer
angular speed
sensor
(servo feedback)
ink-jet printer
head
(micro heater)
digital
micromirror
device
VOA
electrophoresis
chip
high
- VOA
- Optical scanner
- Electrophoresis chip
- AFM probe
- ink-jet printer
head
- DMD
- GLV
success
- accelerometer
- pressure sensor
failure
Figure 2
success
essential
MEMS
Market sizequantity
small
large
distinctive
MEMS
Mass
production
MEMS
failure
low
low
small
high
(anti-sticking)
AFM probe
(hydrophobic
surface)
optical scanner
surface
treatment
fluidic device
Figure 3
Market sizequantity
large
4. FUTURE OUTLOOK
high
success
essential
MEMS
distinctive
MEMS
Mass
production
MEMS
Effect of
infrastructure
failure
low
small
Market sizequantity
large
Top layer
Film Roll
printing
Embossing
MEMS on film
Lamination
sputtering
Bottom layer
Coating
Film Roll
REFERENCES
10
100
micro reactor
manipulation by localized electric field
multi-probe, nanogripper
atom/molecule handling
nano system
bottom-up approach
based on both top-down
(from science to
manufacturing technique) and bottom-up approaches
self organization
protein engineering
supra molecular synthesis
Figure 6 Creation of
combining
bottom-up
technologies
1000nm
top-down approach
(miniaturization
towardnanoscale)
ultra precision machining
nano lithography
nano machining
nanosystems by
and
top-down
5. CONCLUSION
The MEMS research has shown remarkable
development.
Micromachining capability in
micrometer scale has reached its maturity. Such
technological advance enabled MEMS commercial
products.
In
order
to
accelerate
commercialization of MEMS, MEMS for
high-added-value systems should be introduced to
market as well as mass produced MEMS devices.
The cost effective production of various MEMS
devices in rather small quantities will be achieved
by efficient design and optimization in MEMS
CAE environment and by MEMS foundry service.
In the future, MEMS technology will include
printing/replication processes and will be capable
of integrating nano elements into the system.
MEMS will evolve into nanosystems that have
heterogeneous multiple functionalities.