Rise of Communist in terms of theory & implication of theory in China

Karl Marx, father of Communist. In theory, Marx expected revolution to take

place only when capitalism was most advanced but this was not the case for
China so by the time for their revolution they were not industrialized, far
from being communist, but believed communist revolution could still be
carried out in less developed countries if belonged of proletariat could seize
control of government? Communist revolution happened nonetheless, after
their Civil War 7 establishment of PRC, how is this position under the
leadership of Mao? Great Leap Forward & Cultural Revolution. What
motivated Mao to implement these policies? Consequences of these
measures. How GLF came to an end. What about Cult Revolution? Situation
in China under leadership of Dung Zao Ping? Known for implementation of
economic reform in line with capitalist principles. Reform under Jung Dao
Pings leadership? And how /what ways is the leader of Chinas communist
party justify reform policy made in line with liberal reform principle? Cat
theory in what ways help country with rapid economic development without
completely renouncing communist ideology. As long as cat catches mice.
What is the message here?
Tiananmen Square protest? Who initiated movements. How did it come to an
end? Victory of demonstrators of communist leaders of compromise?
Red Capitalist & prerequisite
Political effect of economic liberalization. Market liberalizes backset of ???
Lipset hypothesis. Whats the core message? What countries support? What
countries challenge?
Politics of North Korea. Official name of Country PRK. How to describe
politics. Highly centralized under control of KWP. Kim Il Sung founder of North
Korea. Very active anti-Jap guerilla. Established as legit leader even before
creation of NK. With support of Soviet Union, emerged as leader of country.
Even after death in 1994, remained title as Forever President. Lineage
dictatorship just in recent years 3rd generation power succession. 2nd Kim
Jong In to 3rd Kim Jong Un. Article by Ho Young Lee. Present argument about
prospect for successful economic reform in NK after this power succession.
Ho Young Lis position in argument? Likely to happen or economic reform
unlikely to happen & what ait major logic behind that/
Case of Japan, islands. 4 major islands North to South. Known the names of
these islands & their locations. Japans constitution. Whats unique? Peace
constitution or pacifist constitution? How & what ways under what countries
influence was constitution created & for what purpose? Particular article in
Japans constitution for military sovereignty. What article. How to describe
government & politics. Constitutional monarchy. Power of emperor is limited
& is more of a symbol of unity of people. More power with Prime Minister &
elected official of legislature. Multi-party competition, but for most of postwar history, one party has dominated. LDP Liberal Democratic Party of Japan.
# of opposition parties, among most influential is DJP Democratic Party of
Japan. 2009-2012 power. Major opposition party in their country. Describe DPJ

& LDP in political standing. LDP center right. DPJ center left political party of
Japan. Where parties stand in location of political spectrum
South Korea decision of Korean peninsula. How what ways divided.
Independence for hundreds of years. Significance of Cairo conference. What
kind of role US & USSR played in process of diving the Korean peninsula.
Korean War. Significance of War. First hot(?) war during Cold War. Who
initiated? How did the war come to an end? Armistice. Technically 2 Koreas
are still @ war because never signed a peace treaty
Asian value debate. Universalist vs. Culturalist. Question about democracy in
E Asia. 2 idff articles Culture Destiny? Culture IS Destiny Kim De Jung
(former president of SK, previously an opposition leader) & Ling Wan You
former prime minister of Singapore. Understand core arguments of these
authors. Does ling Wan Yu support universality or Culturalist? What about
Kim De Jung? Know core major positions taken by authors of articles. Title
says it all.
Patterns of political economy development in E Asia. Nix Asian tigers. Hong
Kong, Singapore, Taiwan, South Korea. Contribution factors? What facilitated
rapid economic dev since 60s till now. Factors that made Japans postwar
economic miracle possible? Role occupied forces (US) played in postwar
economic growth & regeneration
Zaibatsu Kiratsu Meti & a 4th term
Todays class- Chinas economic development. Describe China in terms of
economic status. GDP Nominal /PPP. Contribution factors for Chinas rapid
economic success? Whos leadership made this possible initially?
Consequence of unique development. 1 child policy. What all about & major
goals leaders tried to achieve & what were consequences over last 35 years.
Culturalist vs. Universalist Arguments
Asian style democracy?
-Are all countries in the world supposed to follow the same pattern that was
established by the countries in the West?
Developed in line with cultural values & historical conditions
The use of the Western standard of democracy
The imposition of a foreign concept ethnocentric & violation of
sovereignty
What do universalists argue?
-The Culturalist and the Sian leaders & their challenge of liberal
democracy is just an excuse to defend civil rights & simple the Culturalist
use of culture to defend their own political system is just a justification for
the continuation of their autocratic rule.
Authoritarian rulers use cultural differences as an excuse to
continue their tenure
Immutability of culture?
Culture is a changing human creation
Universal applicability of democracy
Culturally peculiar West?

Its not a matter of culture but a matter of political will

-Dictatorship goes against the human spirit
Asian Concept of Power & Democracy
What is the traditional concept of power & legitimacy in Asia?
The effects of the demise of the Cold War and Asias rising economic power
Confucian tradition
How to create social order and harmony?
Emphasis on social hierarchy
Power-sharing?
Undemocratic & incompatible with democracy?
The king/the ruler providentially set up by Heaven to enlighten the
people
The mandate of heaven
The rectification of name

China under Deng Xiaoping

-One of the most influential leaders in China. Began to build very different socialism. Wha
implemented? He tried to reemphasize & regain the communist party.
Policies to restore respect for the Communist Party, strengthen its power, and gain legitim
economic growth
-To make leadership popular, emphasized Chinas economic development to make people
eventually have them support their own leadership.
Household responsibility system
-Ended collective ownership of land in Chian and returned control fo land to the ho
were not given the ownership of the land, but each house received the long-term lease to
benefit from any efforts that they would make to improve and better the land, make their
than others.
Each household responsible for delivering a set amount of grain to the state but
could be sold for a profit. Any extra above quota they could do anything theyd like with it
output of China in early 1980s.
Special economic zones (SEZs) in coastal provinces to facilitate foreign investment and tra
-Coastal cities in SEZs have been engine behind Chinas miracle of economic succe
of China that is going on even until today.
Privately owned businesses: increasingly important in the Chinese economy
-These types of private companies became increasingly important in the Chinese economy
growing part of Chinas economy in the 2nd half of the 20th century. If you think about it, th
spirit of communism and the major principles of the ideology of collective ownership. So w
Hes a leader of Chinas communist party.
Theoretical Justification of Economic Reforms
-Deng Xiaoping was on the cover of Time as Man of the Year. China was in the primary sta
in the primary state of socialist utopia.
Socialism with Chinese characteristics
-Everyone has their own way to reach the final stages
A planned economy is not the definition fo socialism, because there is planning under cap
The market economy happens under socialism too
Cat Theory
-Building block of Chinas economic reform. Says that as long as a cat catches mic
cat doesnt matter. What is message? The leaders of China had this goal of forcing produc
achieves the goal, its okay. Its fine to mix socialism with a bit of capitalist ideas. More pra
implementing Marxist theory. Had no intent to let it go so far as to threaten the party?

How to understand the logic behind the Tiananmen Square Protests (1989)?
Culturalist vs. Universalist views
-Culturalist argue that each country has its unique understand about good governance & b
embracement of hierarchical relationship, these leaders tend to be more paternalistic & m
does not mean that the Asians dont value the good values in people of the people of Asia
way of running the culture in their country. Dont try to impose the western framework of
The China century
-21st century will be the dominant power outside of Asia.
Caught in a trapped transition
Delayed transition