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156)
changes shape
gains a hydrogen (H+) ion
loses a hydrogen (H+) ion
gains an electron
loses an electron
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requirements
Your answer: have
enough enzymes to
catalyze reactions
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43)
Incorrect Fermentation is
essentially glycolysis plus
an extra step in which
pyruvate is reduced to
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49)
The correct
answer: amino groups
Your answer: fatty acids
Correct A gram of fat oxidized by
respiration produces
approximately _____ as
much ATP as a gram of
carbohydrate.
50)
1 of 20
In the complete oxidation of glucose, 6 CO2 molecules are formed per
glucose oxidized. Choose from the list below the correct numbers of
CO2 molecules released by glycolysis (gly), the citric acid cycle (CAC) and
pyruvate oxidation (pyr).
a. gly 1; CAC 3; pyr 2
b. gly 2; CAC 2; pyr 2
c. gly 1; CAC 4; pyr 1
d. gly 0; CAC 4; pyr 2
e. gly 0; CAC 6; pyr 0
0 out of 1
Incorrect. Textbook Reference: 7.5 Why Does Cellular Respiration
Yield So Much More Energy Than Fermentation? p. 153
2 of 20
Which of the following reactions is not an oxidationreduction reaction?
a. NADH + O2 + H+ NAD+ + H2O
b. RCH=CHCH3 + H2O RCH2CH(OH)CH3
c. FAD + H2O FADH2 + O2
d. NADH + acetaldehyde NAD+ + ethanol
e. AH2 + B A + BH2
0 out of 1
Incorrect. Textbook Reference: 7.1 How Does Glucose Oxidation
Release Chemical Energy? and 7.2 What Are the Aerobic Pathways
of Glucose Metabolism? pp. 139142 and pp. 145147
3 of 20
The end-product(s) of glycolysis is/are
a. pyruvate.
b. pyruvate, ATP, and NAD+.
c. acetyl CoA, ATP, and NAD+.
d. pyruvate, ATP, and NADH.
e. acetyl CoA, ATP, and NADH.
0 out of 1
Incorrect. Textbook Reference: 7.2 What Are the Aerobic Pathways
of Glucose Metabolism? p. 142
4 of 20
Triglycerides are major energy storage molecules. How is the complete
oxidation of triglycerides to CO2 and water related to the oxidation of
glucose?
a. They are unrelated.
b. Both the oxidation of triglycerides and that of glucose use the citric
acid cycle.
c. Acetyl CoA is an intermediate in the breakdown of both glucose and
triglycerides.
d. Only glucose oxidation uses the glycolytic pathway.
e. Both b and c
0 out of 1
Incorrect. Textbook Reference: 7.6 How Are Metabolic Pathways
Interrelated and Controlled? p. 154
5 of 20
The electron transport chain of mitochondria
a. is present in the outer membrane of the mitochondrion.
b. contains cytochromes and proteins containing flavins (FAD).
c. reduces NAD+.
d. generates an H+ gradient such that the outside of the mitochondrion is
more basic than the inside.
e. makes ATP.
1 out of 1
Correct. Textbook Reference: 7.4 How Does the Oxidation of
Glucose Form ATP? pp. 148150
6 of 20
Most of the ATP that is made during the complete oxidation of glucose to
CO2 and water
1 out of 1
Correct. Textbook Reference: 7.2 What Are the Aerobic Pathways of
Glucose Metabolism? pp. 144145, 7.4 How Does the Oxidation of
Glucose Form ATP? pp. 149150 and 7.5 Why Does Cellular
Respiration Yield So Much More Energy Than Fermentation? p. 153
7 of 20
Acetyl CoA is
a. formed within mitochondria by the reduction of pyruvate.
b. formed within mitochondria by the oxidation of fatty acids.
c. formed in the cytoplasm by the oxidation of glucose.
d. used for the synthesis of fatty acids.
e. Both b and d
1 out of 1
Correct. Textbook Reference: 7.3 How Is Energy Harvested from
Glucose in the Absence of Oxygen? pp. 147148
9 of 20
Glycolysis
a. is the conversion of glucose to two molecules of pyruvate.
b. is an exergonic reaction.
c. uses ATP in its initial steps.
d. is an oxidation/reduction process.
e. All of the above
0 out of 1
Incorrect. Textbook Reference: 7.2 What Are the Aerobic Pathways
of Glucose Metabolism? pp. 142144
10 of 20
Reagents, such as dinitrophenol, increase the permeability of the
mitochondrial inner membrane to protons. The addition of dinitrophenol to a
suspension of animal cells should
a. decrease the rate of oxidation of NADH.
b. inhibit mitochondrial ATP synthesis.
c. increase lactic acid production.
1 out of 1
Correct. Textbook Reference: 7.4 How Does the Oxidation of
Glucose Form ATP? pp. 148151
11 of 20
The mitochondrial electron transport chain
a. is the site of most of the reactions of the citric acid cycle.
b. synthesizes ATP.
c. pumps protons into the mitochondrial matrix during electron
transport.
d. oxidizes the intermediate electron carriers, NADH and FADH2.
e. oxidizes water to O2 and 2 H+.
0 out of 1
Incorrect. Textbook Reference: 7.4 How Does the Oxidation of
Glucose Form ATP? pp. 150151
12 of 20
The activity of the glycolytic enzyme, phosphofructokinse, is subject to
regulation. Which of the statements given below about this regulation
is true?
a. ATP is both a substrate and an allosteric effector of the enzyme.
b. The activity of the enzyme would be high when the ATP to ADP
concentration ratio is high.
c. The activity of the enzyme is inhibited by ADP.
0 out of 1
Incorrect. Textbook Reference: 7.4 How Does the Oxidation of
Glucose Form ATP? pp. 151152
14 of 20
Cyanide inhibits the enzyme in the mitochondrial electron transport chain
that reduces O2 to water. Suppose that you add cyanide to a suspension of
muscle cells from a rat. Which statement given below is the most accurate
with respect to the effects of cyanide on glucose catabolism?
a. The citric acid cycle and glycolysis would be inhibited.
b. The citric acid cycle would be inhibited, but glycolysis would not.
Ethanol accumulates.
c. The citric acid cycle and glycolysis would be stimulated.
d. The citric acid cycle would be inhibited, but glycolysis would not.
Lactic acid accumulates.
e. The citric acid cycle would not be inhibited, but glycolysis would.
0 out of 1
Incorrect. Textbook Reference: 7.3 How Is Energy Harvested from
Glucose in the Absence of Oxygen? pp. 147148
15 of 20
The conversion of malate to oxaloacetate in the citric acid cycle takes place
with the conversion of NAD+ to NADH. In this reaction, NAD+ is
a. the reducing agent.
b. the oxidizing agent.
c. reduced.
d. oxidized.
e. Both b and c
0 out of 1
Incorrect. Textbook Reference: 7.2 What Are the Aerobic Pathways
of Glucose Metabolism? pp. 146147
16 of 20
What is the metabolic fate of pyruvate in anaerobic muscle?
a. It is converted to acetyl CoA.
b. It is decarboxylated.
c. It is oxidized.
d. It is reduced to lactate.
e. It is converted to ethanol.
0 out of 1
Incorrect. Textbook Reference: 7.3 How Is Energy Harvested from
Glucose in the Absence of Oxygen? pp. 147148
17 of 20
The mitochondrial ATP synthase
a. is an entirely integral membrane protein.
b. couples the synthesis of ATP to the flow of protons across the inner
membrane from inside to out.
c. is a soluble protein located in the mitochondrial matrix.
d. makes ATP at the expense of the proton gradient established by
electron transport.
e. usually hydrolyzes ATP to establish a proton gradient.
0 out of 1
Incorrect. Textbook Reference: 7.4 How Does the Oxidation of
Glucose Form ATP? pp. 150151
18 of 20
Which of the following statements about the citric acid cycle is false?
a. The cycle releases less energy than glycolysis.
b. CO2 is released during operation of the cycle.
c. The cycle takes place in the mitochondrial matrix.
d. The cycle requires NAD+ and FAD.
e. The cycle does not operate under anaerobic conditions.
0 out of 1
Incorrect. Textbook Reference: 7.2 What Are the Aerobic Pathways
of Glucose Metabolism? pp. 145147
19 of 20
A suspension of yeast supplied with glucose as its source of energy was
transferred to an anaerobic environment. What would happen to the rate of
glucose utilization and the rate of ethanol production after the transfer?
a. Glucose usage would decrease; ethanol production would increase
b. Glucose usage would increase; ethanol production would decrease
c. Both glucose usage and ethanol production would increase.
d. Both glucose usage and ethanol production would be unchanged.
e. Glucose usage would not change; ethanol production would increase
0 out of 1
Incorrect. Textbook Reference: 7.3 How Is Energy Harvested from
Glucose in the Absence of Oxygen? pp. 149150
20 of 20
Which of the compounds listed below link (or links) glycolysis and the citric
acid cycle to the mitochondrial electron transport chain?
a. NADH
b. ADP and Pi
c. FADH2
d. ATP
e. Both a and c
1 out of 1