Professional Documents
Culture Documents
OF
THE UNIVERSITY
OF CALIFORNIA
LOS ANGELES
The
RALPH
D.
REED LIBRARY
DEPARTMENT OF GEOLOGY
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA
LOS ANGELES,
(2ik O f
C'ALIF.
Stephen Rook
(RETURN TO)
STEPHEN
Dictionary of Scientific
Terms
A DICTIONARY OF
SCIENTIFIC TERMS
PRONUNCIATION, DERIVATION, AND DEFINITION OF
TERMS IN BIOLOGY, BOTANY, ZOOLOGY, ANATOMY,
CYTOLOGY, EMBRYOLOGY, PHYSIOLOGY
BY
I.
F.
HENDERSON,
M.A.
AND
W.
D.
HENDERSON,
M.A., B.Sc.,PH.D.,F.R.S.E.
ROOK
Uttrary
STEPHEN ROOK
PREFACE
Tins compilation was undertaken
as
it
definitions
hundred
of about
ten
thousand
terms,
many
of
including several
which have not
its allies,
Anatomy,
and
Botany, Zoology, Embryology, Cytology, Physiology
some terms in Bacteriology and Palaeontology are included.
In a first edition of a book of this kind, errors of omission are
;
book and
treatise,
even
in
literated, as science
represents
original
the
sound
rather than
the exact
occurrence
of
letters of
such words
the
as
751937
PREFACE
vi
ZOOLOGY DEPARTMENT,
UNIVERSITY OF BRISTOL.
F.
H.
NOTE
AS
TO PRONUNCIATION
many
again, as
it is
usage which determines correct pronunciation, and the terms are not
everyday words, it will be long before a term which lends itself equally
well to two
As
to
methods
will
it
will
be employed.
readily pronounce
pronounce the combination
in Greek, will naturally introduce that sound into such words as
branchial, brachycnemic ; although the k sound has been adopted in
ch as in loch,
this
as
in
to
is
not to be regarded as
incorrect.
what
dictionary,
and
whose pronunciation
it
is
not
clearly
indicated
by
SOUND-SYMBOLS USED
fate.
a.
adv.
e.g.
anat.
bact.
biol
bot.
cyt.
Ar.
A.S.
But.
F.
Ger.
Gk.
I
eel.
It.
IN
PRONUNCIATION
A DICTIONARY OF
SCIENTIFIC TERMS
ABAabactinal
ABO(abak'tinal,
a.
abakti'nal)
actinal (zoo/.).
abambulacral (ab'ambula'kral) a. [L.
abt from ; ambulare, to walk.]
Appl. the area of an echinoderm
body remote from that on which
the tube-feet are found (zoo/.).
abaxial (abak'slal)
a.
[L. ab,
from
axle.]
(dot.}.
abbreviated (abre'vlated)
to ;
brevis,
curtailed.
short.]
a.
[L. ad,
Shortened
lumbar
(2),
tric,
(zoo/.).
abdominal ring,
in
(abdo'men,
[L. abdomen, belly.]
ab'domen)
n.
The belly ; in
vertebrates, the part of the body
containing the digestive organs ; in
Arthropods and certain Polychaets,
the posterior part of the body ; in
Synascidians, part of the zooid
below the thorax (zoo/., anat.).
abdominal (abdom'Inal) a. [L. abPert, abdomen
domen, belly.]
appl. structures, organs, or parts of
situated
organs
in, on, or closely
related to, the abdomen.
abdominal pores, single or paired
;
fasciae
abducens
(abdu'se'nz) n.
[L. abducere,
sixth cranial
abduct (abdukt')
v.
[L. abducere, to
abductor (abduk'tor)
n.
[L. abducere,
A muscle that
away.]
a limb or part outwards
lead
to
abdomen
lines, viz.,
two vertical
hypochondriac
draws
(anat.).
bios, life
zoo/.).
n.
[Gk. a,
genesis, birth.]
The
life
logos,
discourse.]
The
is
Away from, or
mouth.]
opposite to, the mouth.
abort (abort') v. [L. abortus, prc-
abdominal
reflex,
and
contraction of ab-
abdomen
oris,
ACC-
turely
(biol.)
abranchiate
without
(abrang'kiat) a.
brangchia,
gills.]
[Gk.
a,
Without
gills (zool.).
broken, or cut
off,
at the extremity.
axis of the
due
(bot).
absorption
(absorp'shun)
absorbere, to suck
in.]
n.
The
[L.
intus-
phys.).
n.
[L.
(abstrik'shun)
abstringere, to cut off.] The process of detaching spores (conidia)
by the rounding off of the tips of
the sporophores, as in mildews (bot.).
abstriction
acantha (akan'tha)
thorn.]
Prickle
[Gk. akantha,
A substance like chitin,
strontium sulphate, forming the
skeleton of the Radiolarians (phys.).
acanthion (akan'thion) n. [Gk. akanthorn.]
tha, thorn.]
acanthocephalous
n.
[Gk. akantha,
(bot.) ;
spinous
process (zool).
(akan'thokef'alus,
acanthocladous
(hot.).
abruptly-pinnate,
is
acanthin
(akan'thin) n.
(akan'thoklad'us)
a.
[Gk.
akantha, thorn pherein, to bear.]
A conical mass, the basis of the
;
median
Nemerteans (zool.).
acanthosphenote (akan'thosfe'not) a.
[Gk. akantha, thorn sphen, wedge.]
Appl. an echinoid spine made up of
solid wedges separated by porous
stylet in
tissue (zool.).
duced
(phys.).
accessorius (akseso'rius)
n.
[L. acmuscle aiding
cedere, to go to.]
in the action of another ; the
spinal
accessory (akseVori)
a.
[L. accedere,
ACCto
go
ACIAdditional or accom-
to.]
panying.
accessory bud,
bud
an additional
axillary
(bot.).
commodus,
The
fitting.]
(bot.).
accretion
(akre'shun)
scere, to increase.]
external addition of
n.
[L.
accre-
Growth by the
new matter
in
fishes (zoo/.).
acephalous (akef'alus, -sef-) a.
[Gk.
acerate (as'grat)
a.
appl.
monaxon
or oxeote spicules
acervulus cerebri,
minute grains of
a calcareous nature in the pineal
of
the
brain (anat.).
gland, etc.,
acetabulum (asgtab'ulum) n.
[L.
The
acetabulum, vinegar - cup.]
socket for the head of the femur,
situated at the junction of the
ilium, ischium, and pubis, all of
which may or may not take part in
its formation (anat.) ; in
insects,
the cavity of the thorax formed by
the epimeron, sternum, and occasionally epigastrium, in which the
the large poslegs are inserted
terior sucker in leeches ; one of
the cotyledons of the ruminant
placenta the sucker on the arms
of a Cephalopod (sool.).
acheilary (akl'lan) a. [Gk. a, without
cheilos,
lip.]
Having the
labellum undeveloped, as in some
orchids (bot.).
achene (aken')
.
[Gk. a, not ;
chainein, to gape.]
monospermal seed-vessel which does not
open or crack (bot.).
Achillis tendo (Skills ten'do) n.
[Achilles, hero of the Iliad, who
had a vulnerable heel ; L. tendo,
The hamstring
the
tendon.]
united strong tendon of the gastrocnemiusand solaeus muscles (anat.).
;
achlamydeous
(ak'lamid'eus) a.
[Gk.
without; chlamys, cloak.] Having
neither calyx nor corolla (bot.).
achromatin (akro'matin) n. [Gk. ,
a,
acicular (aslk'ular) a.
[L. acicula,
small needle.] Like a needle in
shape
(zool.).
acerose (as'eros)
a.
[L. acer, sharp.]
slender, with a sharp
point as a pine-leaf (bot.).
acervuline (aseYviilin) a. [L. acervus,
Irregularly
heaped toheap.]
gether, appl. foraminiferal tests
Narrow and
;
(zool.).
acervulus (aser'vulus)
n.
[LL. dim.
of acervus, heap.] A small heap
or cluster
especially of sporo;
genous mycelium
(bot.).
sharp-pointed
aciculum (aslk'ulum)
n.
(bot.).
[L. acicula,
small needle.]
One of the stiff
basal setae in the parapodium of
a worm (zool.).
acinaciform (aslnas'iform)
acinaces,
sword
short
a.
;
[L.
forma,
like a sabre or
;
appl. leaf (bot.).
acinarious (aslna'rlus) a. [L. acinus,
berry.] Having globose vesicles,
shape.]
scimitar
as
Shaped
some Algae
(bot.).
ACT-
ACIacinus (as'fnus)
[L. acinus, berry.]
One of the pulpy drupes composing
the fruit of bramble or raspberry
the sac-like termination of
(hot.}
a branched gland (anat.).
acoelomate (ase'lomat) a,
[Gk. a,
without
koilos, hollow.]
Appl.
animals not having a true body
.
cavity.
acoelomatous,acoelous, acoelomate.
acontia (akon'tia, akon'shia) n. plu.
small
akontion,
[Gk.
javelin.]
Threadlike processes of the mesenteric filaments armed with stinging
cells, in Actinians (zoo/.').
acotyledon (a'kotlle'don)
[Gk. a,
without
kotyledon, a cup-shaped
A
without
a cotyhollow.]
plant
ledon (hot.}.
acquired character, a modification
or mutilation, due to disease or to
use or disuse of a special organ or
organs, which has actually made its
appearance during the lifetime of
.
the individual
(biol.).
border.]
Having no velum
acrobryous (ak'robrl'us) a.
tip
bryein, to swell.]
Growing
at
(dot.).
a.
[Gk.
The spherical
bladder.]
gelatinous cyst formed by the gonowhen
it
phore,
projects after migration on the blastostyle beyond the
mouth of the gonotheca, for the
completion of the maturation of the
kystis,
generative cells
in
(zool.).
a.
acrodont (ak'rodont)
[Gk. akros,
odous, tooth.]
tip ;
Appl. teeth
which are ankylosed by their base
to the summit of a parapet of bone
(anat.).
(bot.).
acromial (akro'mial)
a.
[Gk. akros,
Pert.
shoulder.]
the acromion, appl. artery, process,
etc.
(anat.).
ligament,
acromio-clavicular (akro'mio-klavik'ular) a.
[Gk. akromion, shouldersummit ; L. claviculus, dim. of
clavts, key.] Appl. ligaments covering the joint between the acromion
and the clavicle (anat.).
summit
omos,
scapulae (anat.}.
acropetal (ak'ropeVal)
summit
a.
[Gk. akros,
L. petere, to seek.]
Appl.
acrosarc (ak'rosark) n.
sarx,
[Gk. akros,
flesh.]
pulpy
acrospire (ak'rospir)
summit
The
speira,
n.
[Gk. akros,
something twisted.]
star-shaped spicule
(zool.).
actinenchyma
n.
(ak'tlngng'kima)
[Gk. aktis, ray ; en, in
chein, to
Cellular tissue having a
pour.]
;
stellate
actinoblast
Increasing
genos, offspring.]
point
summit
(zool.).
[Gk. akros,
acrocarpous (ak'rokar'pus)
tip
appearance
(bot.).
(aktln'oblast) n.
[Gk.
The
ray
blastos, bud.]
mother-cell from which a spicule
aktis,
is
developed
(zool.).
ADE-
eidos, shape.]
Rayed, star-shaped.
actinomere (aktin'omer) n. [Gk. aktis,
ray
ment
meros, part.]
radial seg-
(zool.}.
morphous
a.
(ak'tinomor'fus)
[Gk.
morphe, shape.] Appl.
flowers which can be divided into
like halves by a vertical section
through the centre ; radiosymmetrical.
actinost (ak'tinost) n. [Gk. aktis, ray
Basal bone of the
os/eon, bone.]
;
(aktin'ostom) n.
[Gk.
The
aktis, ray
stoma, mouth.]
five-rayed oral aperture of the star;
fish (zool.}.
(ak'tinotrlk'ium)
;
n.
(zool.}.
(zool.}.
ray.]
(aktin'ula)
n.
[Gk.
aktis,
which a coelenteron,
medusae,
mouth, and tentacles are formed,
and cell differentiation has taken
place before the larva is set free
from the parent form (zool.}.
aculeate (aku'leat)
a.
[L. aculeus,
thorn.]
Having prickles
or sharp points (bot.}.
aculeiform
a.
(akule'iform)
[L.
aculeus, prickle ; forma, shape.]
Formed like a prickle or thorn
prickle,
(bot.}.
aculeus
point.]
Drawn
point
tapering
a.
[L.
out into
(bot.}
acumen.
a long
pointed
(zool.}.
arranged
in
(aku'leus)
n.
[L.
a spiral
opp. cyclic
(**}
adamantoblast (adaman'toblast) n.
Gk. blastos,
[L. adamas, diamond
;
bud.]
thelial
cell
layer
sists
aculeus,
(zool.}.
adambulacral
a.
(ad'ambula'kral)
ad, to
ambulare, to walk.]
ossicles
or
structure
Appl.
adjacent
to the ambulacral areas in Echino-
[L.
actinula
(bot.}
sting (zool.}.
acuminate (aku'minat)
actinostome
actlnotrichium
prickle.]
derms
(zool.}.
n.
adaptation (adapta'shun)
[L. ad,
habit fitted for some special environment the fitting of cutaneous and
other sensations to a point when
discomfort ceases, as the physiological zero in the case of adapta;
ducere^
to lead.]
The movement
(anat.}.
adeciduate (adesld'uat)
away from df, from
;
fall.]
Not
falling,
a.
;
[L.
cadere,
or
a,
to
coming
(bot.)
evergreens
away,
appl.
appl. placenta (zool.).
adelocodonic (ad'61okod6n'lk, ade'I6kod6n'lk) a.
[Gk. adelos, con-
ADR-
ADEcealed;
the
Appl.
kodon, bell.]
I6m6r'(ik)
cealed
in
adelos,
[Gk.
morphe, shape.]
cells of peptic
glands
(anat.).
(adel'fus)
adelphous
con-
Indefinite
adel-
a.
[Gk.
Joined together in
bundles (hot.} used in compounds
monadelphous and diadelphous,
phos, brother.]
which
Condition of
haerere, to stick.]
being united to, or separate from,
one another, appl. elements of a
whorl (bot.}.
adhesive cells, Glandular or specialized cells found in various animals;
on the tentacles of Ctenophores, on
the epidermis of certain Turbelon the pedal disc of
larians,
Hydra,
etc.
fat.]
fat
fatty (phys.}.
adipose tissue, the special animal
tissue for the formation and storage
see.
Artioposthia
adenodactyli
(zool.}.
(ad'Snodak'till,
-le)
n.
plu.
(zoo/.).
adenoid
gland
(ad'gnoid) a.
[Gk. aden,
or
Pert,
shape.]
etdos,
adenophore
(ad'enofor') n.
[Gk. aden,
adenopodous (adenop'odus)
a.
[Gk.
aden, gland pous, foot.] Bearing
glands on the peduncles (bot.}.
;
adenostemonous
(ad'enostgrn'onus) a.
steinon, a spun
[Gk. aden, gland
Having glands on the
thread.]
;
stamens
(bot.}.
adesmy
or
dermal
Having
papulae
occurring beyond the
abactinal surface, as in certain of
the Stelleroids (zool.}.
branchiae
adherent (adhe'rgnt)
haerere, to
[L. ad, to ;
Pert, union of
a.
stick.]
motion (zoo!.).
adnate (adnat') a.
adnexa
[L. ad, to
(adngk'sa) n. plu.
Certain structures
or parts of structures closely related
nectere, to bind.]
to
any organ
(anat.}.
adnexed (adneksf)
nectere, to bind.]
stem only
a.
to
[L. ad,
Reaching to the
(bot.}.
the
mouth
ad-radius
radius,
(zoo!.).
[L. ad, to ;
in
(adra'diiis) n.
The radius
midway between
radius.]
the
Coelenterates
perradius and the interradius, a
radius of the third order (zool.).
adrectal (adrgk'tal) a.
[L. ad, to ;
Near to or
rectum, rectum.]
with
rectum
closely connected
(zool.}.
adrenal (adre'nal)
a.
[L. ad, to ;
renes, kidneys.]
Suprarenal.
adrenalin (adre'nalTn), adrenaline
(adre'nalin, adre'nalen) n.
[L. ad,
to ; renes, kidneys.]
crystalline
adrostral (adros'tral)
a.
[L. ad, to
same as
afferent (anat.).
adventitious (advgntish'iis) a. [L. ad,
to
venire, to come.] Accidental ;
appl. organs arising in abnormal
;
positions
aecidiospores
[L. aecidium, cup ; Gk. sporos, seed.]
The spores contained in an aecidium or clustercup (bot.).
(esld'iosporz', as-) n. plu.
sporophores,
a.
[Gk.
aegithos,
aerial (ae'rtal) a. [L. aer, air.] Inhabiting the air ; appl. roots grow-
plants
bios,
n.
[Gk.
aer,
air
An organism which
of
aerobic (a'erob'ik) a.
[Gk. aer, air
bios, life.]
Thriving only in abundance of oxygen (bact.).
aerocyst (a'grb'sTst) n. [Gk. aer, air
kystis,
bladder.]
of Algae (bot.).
aerophyte (a'6roflt)
An
air
vesicle
An
Pneumatic
stare, to stand.]
containing air-spaces
aerotaxis (a'grotak'sls)
(zool.).
[Gk. aer,
air
The
taxis,
arrangement.]
movement of bacteria and other
.
air
to
trepein,
The
turn.]
(bot.).
(es'thaslt)
[Gk. aissensation
kytos, hollow.]
A sensory cell of primitive animals,
aesthesia (gsthe'zla) n. [Gk. aisthesis,
aesthacyte
n.
thesis,
Sensibility.
sensation.]
(eVtlval,
summer.]
summer.
aestas,
pert,
Produced
aestivation (eVtiva'shun)
summer.]
uus, pert,
which the
a.
estl'val)
[L.
in,
or
[L. aestiin
n.
The mode
parts of the
flower are disposed in the flowerbud ; praefloration torpor during
summer as in the case of some
animals.
different
aethalium
(etha'llum, ath-) n.
An
aithahs, soot.]
[Gk.
aggregation of
form a compound
plasmodia
in Mycetozoa.
to
fruit
aetiology (etI61'6jl) n.
[Gk. aitia,
cause logos, discourse.] A branch
of biology dealing with causes.
afferent (af'erent) a. [L. afferre, to
bring.]
Appl. nerves carrying impulses to the nervous centres appl.
blood-vessels carrying blood to any
particular organ or set of organs
;
(anat.).
affinity (afm'itl) n.
(bot.).
life.]
n.
stand.]
a'-
hedge - sparrow
gnathos,
jaw.]
With maxillo - palatines separate,
vomers forming a wedge in front
and diverging behind appl. a type
aerobe (a'eYob)
to
stare,
aestival
(hot.}.
containing
aerostat (a'grostat)
n.
to.]
flagellum (zool.}.
afterbirth
(af'terberth)
aefter,
forth.]
behind
n.
[A.S.
to
bring
mem-
beran,
born
(anal!.).
is
AFIaftershaft
.
(af'tershaft)
[A.S.
small
;
shaft.]
in
the
down
neighbourhood
behind
aefter,
tuft of
second
agametes (ag'amets)
n. plu.
[Gk. a,
without ; games, marriage.] Amoebulae which develop directly into
adults without syngamy (zool.}.
agamic (agam'lk) a. [Gk. a, without
agamobium
a,
(biol.}
games, marriage
The
genesis
appl.
n.
(ag'amS'bium)
without
life.]
[Gk.
bios,
(zool.}
(bot.}.
agamogenesis
without
a,
genesis,
genesis.
(ag'amqje'n'e'sis) n.
games,
birth.]
games, marriage
Appl. asexual re;
production.
aganiogony (ag'amog'oni) n. [Gk. a,
without ; games, marriage genes,
offspring.]
Schizogony, or reproduction without sexual process
;
(biol.}.
agamont (ag'amont)
n.
[Gk.
games, marriage
a,
with-
on, being.]
agamous
agglutination (aglootina'shun)
ad,
to
glutinare,
to
[L.
The
glue.]
and
their
mobility
simultaneous
medium,
loss
of
(bact.}.
agglutinin (agloot'inm)
to
glutinare,
stance which
is
to
n.
glue.]
[L, ad,
sub-
supposed to cause
agglutination (phys.}.
aggregate
(ag'rggat) a.
[L. ad, to ;
collect into a flock.]
in a cluster (bot., zool.}.
gregare, to
Formed
aggregate
from the
fruit,
formed
gynoecium
fruit
apocarpous
was applied
(phys.}.
n.
[L. aggressus,
toxic substance pro-
aggressin (agres'm)
attacked.]
duced
pathogenic
by
organisms
tongue
(zool.}.
agnathostomatous
agnathous
without
a.
(ag'amojSngt'ik)
[Gk. a, without
genesis,
[Gk.
marriage
Partheno-
generation.]
agamogenetic
out
ALA
no jaw
a.
(agnath'us)
[Gk.
a,
Having
gnathos, jaw.]
(zool.}.
agrostology
n.
(ag'rostol'ojl)
agrostis, grass
logos,
[Gk.
discourse.]
air-sacs,
specific
gravity in birds.
a,
without
cell
in
has not
collected together to form a nucleus a non-nucleated cell (cyt.}.
akinete (^'kinet', aVinet) n. [Gk. a,
not
kinein, to move.] A resting
cell in certain green Algae, which
will later reproduce (bot?).
;
ala
(a'la)
n.
[L.
ala,
winglike projection,
wing.] Any
of vomer
e.g.
ALA
the lateral petal of a
the mempapilionaceous flower
branous expansion on some seeds
(anat.)
or fruits
alar (a'lar)
like
a.
alae
ligaments,
(anat.).
alary (a'l&rT)
Wing-like.
a.
[L.
wing.]
ala,
(zool.).
albescent (albeVgnt)
to
grow
to
grow
a,
[L. albescere,
whitish.
Growing
white.]
albicant (al'bikant)
albinism
a.
[L.
albicare,
Becoming
white.]
(al'bimzm)
n.
white.
[L.
albus,
chromatophores.
albino
(albino,
n.
albe'no)
[Sp.
albino,
similar
chromatophores,
due
to
absent
moplasts
[Gk. alexein, to
substance in the
bacteria
destroys
n.
off.]
which
blood
(Phys.).
n.
[L. albumen,
white of egg.] A protein occurring
in blood serum, milk, and many
animal and vegetable tissues (phys.).
albuminous (albu'minus)
algology
a.
[L. albu-
(algol'oji) n.
weed
Crustacea,
alimentary
to
functions
the
Pert,
nourish.]
nutritive
canal,
appl.
tract,
system, etc.
alisphenoid (al'isfe'noid) . [L. a/a,
Gk. sphen, wedge
eidos,
wing
The wing-like portion of
form.]
the sphenoid forming part of the
cranium.
;
alitrunk (al'itrungk)
n.
[L. ala,
wing
sausage.]
(bot.).
alexin (aleVsin)
Broad-
(a'lat) a.
ward
(bot.).
pert,
appl.
alate
ALL-
An
embryonic organ, a
arising from the
membranous bag
canal
(emb.).
allassotonic
a.
(alas'otfin'ik)
allassein, to
[Gk.
(biol.).
allogamy
other
(alfig'aml)
(biol.).
n.
[Gk. allos,
Cross-
gamos, marriage.]
fertilization,
as
opp.
autogamy
a.
allopelagic (al'opelaj'ik)
other pelagos, sea.]
[Gk. allos,
Pert, organ-
alloplast
n.
(al'oplast)
[Gk. allos,
other
; plastos, formed.]
morphological cell-unit of more than one
kind of tissue
alluvial
to
(cyt.}.
(alu'vial, aloo-) a.
wash
deposits
[L. alluere,
in
or found
to.]
Pert,
laid
down by running
water (pal.}.
alsinaceous (alsina'shiis) a.
[Gk.
alsine, chickweed.]
Appl. a polypetalous
corolla
where
intervals
chickweed
(bot.}.
alteration
the
theory,
explains
electromotive forces of nerve and
in
the chemical
musclebyalterations
composition of the tissue at the
cross-section (phys.}.
alternate (alter'nar, olteVnat) a. [L.
alternus, one after another.] Appl.
leaves or branches occurring at
different levels on opposite sides of
the stem (bot.}.
alternation of
occurrence in
two or more
the
life-history of
generations,
one
different
forms
differ-
AMP-
10
n.
plu.
[L. altriX) nourishes] Appl. birds
whose young are hatched in a very
immature condition (zool.}.
alula (al'ula) n. [L. alula, dim. of
(altrl'sez,
al'trlsgz)
ala, wing.]
off from the
in certain insects
terior
edge
wing of birds
false
(zool.}.
(alve'dla) n.
[L.
alveola
alveolus, a
small cavity.] A pit on the surface
of an organ (bot.}.
alveolar (alve'olar) a.
[L. alveolus,
a small pit.] Pert, a tooth socket
or alveolus
combed.
alveolus (alve'olus)
[L. alveolus,
A tooth socket or
a small pit.]
small pit or depression (anat.) the
pyramidal ossicle supporting a tooth
in the sea-urchin (zool.}.
alveus (al'veus) n. [L. alveus, cavity.]
A thin white layer on the ventricular
surface of the hippocampus (anat.}.
amacrine (am'akrin) a. [Gk. a, not
.
makros, long
cells occurring
fs, fibre.]
in the inner
Appl.
nuclear
ambidextrous (am'bidgk'strus) a.
[L.
Able
ambo, both
dexter, right.]
to use both hands with equal ease.
;
ambiens (am'bignz)
n.
[L. ambire, to
thigh muscle in cergo round.]
tain birds, the action of which causes
the toes to grasp the perch (zool.}.
ambiparous (amblp'arus) a.
[L. ambo,
both; parere, to beget.]
Appl.
buds as they contain the beginnings
of both flowers and leaves (hot.}.
ambisporangiate
(am'blsporan'jTat)
a.
Gk. sporos,
[L. ambo, both
;
seed
with
Ophiuroids
(zool.}
arm
of
apical pole
(zool.}.
AMBamboceptor
n.
(am'bose'p'to'r)
[L.
An
ambo, both
capere, to take.]
antibody or specific immune body
necessary for the ferment-like action
;
ambulacra (am'bula'kra)
n.
plu.
or
to
walk.]
to
[L. ambulare,
lacral plates,
Ambu-
walk.]
i.e.
plates through
which the tube-feet protrude (zool.}.
ambulacriform (ambulak'riform) a.
walk
to
forma,
[L. ambulare,
shape.] Having the form or appearance of ambulacra (zool.}.
;
n.
ameliflcation
(amel'ifika'shun)
[M.E. amell, enamel L.facere, to
Formation
of
tooth-enamel
make.]
;
(anat.}.
(ameToblast) n.
[M.E.
Gk. blastos, bud.]
amell, enamel
A columnar or hexagonal cell about
five times as long as it is broad, an
;
cell
enamel-forming
a cell of the
enamel
(anat.}.
and willow
(**>
ametabolic (amSt'abol'ik)
insects
a.
[Gk.
a,
amlcronucleate (ami'kronu'kleat)
[Gk.
a,
without
mikros, small
a.
L.
nucleus, kernel.]
Appl. fragments
of certain Protozoa in which there
is
no micronucleus
(zool.}.
(amito'sis) n.
[Gk. a,
amitosis
without
Cell-division
mitos, thread.]
and cleavage of the nucleus with;
[Gk.
(am'onltlf'e'rus)
a.
Amman,
Jupiter; L. ferre, to
Containing the fossil re-
carry.]
(pal.}.
amoeba
amoebifonn (ame'biform) a.
[Gk.
L. forma, shape.]
amoibe, change
Shaped like or resembling an
amoeba (biol.}.
amoebocyte (ame'boslt)
[Gk.
;
change
kytos,
hollow.]
Any cell having the shape or proan
amoeba, especially
perties of
certain cells in the coelom of Echinoderms a leucocyte (zool.}.
amoibe,
aineloblast
without
ammonltiferous
mains of Ammonites
[L.
Locomotor
tube-feet of Echinoderms (zool.}.
ambulacralia (am'bulakra'lia) n. plu.
ambulare,
organ
AMP-
11
(zool.}.
amoebula (ame'bula)
change.]
protozoan
pseudopodia
amorphous
n.
[Gk. amoibe,
The swarm-spore of a
when furnished with
(zool.}.
a.
[Gk. a,
Indeterminate, or of irregular form.
without
(am&r'fus)
morphe, shape.]
amphiarthrosis (am'fiarthro'sls) n.
arthron, joint.]
[Gk. amphi, both
A slightly movable articulation, as
a symphysis or syndesmosis (anat.}.
amphiaster (am'ftas'te'r) n.
[Gk.
The
aster, star.]
amphi, both
two asters connected by the
achromatic
in
formed
spindle
;
amphibious
(cyt.).
a.
[Gk.
(amfib'ius)
amphi, both
bios,
life.]
on land or
Adapted
in
water
(biol.}.
tation (biol.}.
AMPamphibollc (am'fibol'ik) a.
[Gk.
ballein, to throw.]
amphi, both
Capable of turning backwards or
;
ampbicoelous
(am'fise'lus) a.
;
koilos, hollow.]
[Gk.
Conamphi, both
cave on both surfaces appl. vertebrae with the anterior and posterior
surfaces of the centra hollow (zoo/.}.
;
amphicondylous
(am'fikon'dilus)
two
Having
a.
kondylos, knob.]
occipital
condyles
to
pnein,
amphi, both ;
[Gk.
breathe.]
Having both gills and
lungs throughout the life-history
also appl. the condition in most
dipterous larvae of an open anterior
and posterior pair of spiracles with
the intermediate pairs closed (zool.).
;
amphipodous (amfip'odus)
a.
[Gk.
From
pous, foot.]
Amphipoda, an order of Crustacea,
of which the anterior three pairs
of abdominal appendages are more
amphi, both
some
of
gemmules
freshwater
sponges (zoo/.).
amphigastria (am'figas'tria) n. plu.
[Gk. amphi, both gaster, stomach.]
Ventral
rudimentary leaves of
;
amphigony
n.
(amfig'oni)
[Gk.
;
gonos,
offspring.]
Sporogony or reproduction involving two individuals ; cf. mono-
both
both
(am'fikar'ion) n.
;
karyon, nut.]
[Gk.
An
amphi,
amphinucleus, a type of nucleus
characterized by a large karyosome, in reference to the supposed
encapsuling of the kinetic nucleus
by the trophic nucleus (cyt.).
(am'fimlk'sis)
n.
[Gk.
mixis, mingling.]
amphi, both
The mingling of paternal and
maternal characteristics by the
union of the male and female
pronucleus in fertilization (biol.).
;
amphiodont
(am'ftodont)
n.
[Gk.
amphiplatyan
(am'fiplat'ian) a.
[Gk.
Flat
amphi, both
platys, flat.]
on both ends
appl. centra of
;
vertebrae
(zool.).
amphipyrenin (am'fiplre'mn)
amphi, both
Pyren,
n.
stone
[Gk.
of a
(biol.).
ampb.irb.inal
(am'firl'nal)
amphi, both
a.
rhis, nose.]
[Gk.
Having
n.
[Gk.
both ; sarx, flesh.]
superior indehiscent many-seeded
fruit with pulpy interior and woody
exterior (bot.).
amphi,
amphispermous
gony (zool. ).
amphikaryon
amphimixis
swimming
(zool.).
amphi,
AMP-
12
(zool.).
amphipneustous
(am'flpnus'tus)
a.
(am'fispSr'mus) a.
sperma, seed.]
[Gk. amphi, both
the
seed
Having
closely surrounded
by the pericarp (bot.).
;
ampbispore
amphi,
n.
(am'fispor')
[Gk.
;
sporos, seed.]
both
amphistomatic
(am'fistomat'ik)
a.
amphistomous (amfis'tomus)
(bot.).
a.
[Gk.
amphi, both stoma, mouth.] Having a sucker at each end of the
body, as in certain worms (zool.).
amphistylic (am'fistil'ik) a.
[Gk.
amphi, both stylos, pillar.] Having the lower jaw connected with
the skull by both hypid and quadrate, or by both hyoid and palatoquadrate (zool.).
;
AMPamphithecium
n.
(auifithe'shiuuij
amphitoky (amfit'oki) n.
[Gk. amphi,
Parthenotokos,
birth.]
genetic reproduction of both males
and females (zoo!.).
amphitriaene (am'fitrl'en) n.
[Gk.
amphi, both triaina, trident.] A
double trident-shaped spicule (zool.).
amphitrocha (amfit'roka) n.
[Gk.
A
trochos, wheel.]
amphi, both
free-swimming annelid larva with
both
a.
[Gk.
turning.]
ANA-
13
in
(Ad*).
amplectant
a.
[L.
(amplek'tant)
Clasping
amplecti, to embrace.]
or winding tightly round some
support, as tendrils in certain
plants (bot.).
(ampleVsikol) a.
[L.
amplecti, to embrace caulis, stem.]
Clasping or surrounding the stem,
as the base of a leaf (dot.).
amplexlcaul
ainyelinic
without
a.
(amielin'ik)
[Gk.
myelos, marrow.]
non-medullated nerve-fibres
a,
Appl.
(anat.).
(amig'dala) n.
[L. from
Gk. amygdale, almond.] One of
the palatal tonsils ; a rounded lobe
at the side of the vallecula of the
amygdala
cerebellum
amyloplast
amylum,
(anat.).
(am'iloplast')
starch
Gk.
n.
[L.
plastos,
amyloplastid, amyloplast.
amylum (am'ilum) n. [L. amylum,
Starch.
starch.]
anabolism (anab'olizm) n.
up ballein, to throw.]
;
[Gk. ana,
The con-
[L. ampliatus,
wider.]
Having the outer
edge of the wing prominent, as in
certain insects (zool.).
ampliate (am'pliat)
a.
made
ampulla
(ampool'a,
-pul'-)
n.
[L.
narrow neck
membran-
ous vesicle
of the dilated
tubule in the mammary gland ; the
dilated portion at one end of each
of the semi-circular canals of the
ear (anat.) the internal reservoirs
on the ring canal of the watervascular system in Echinoderms
the terminal vesicle of sensory
canals of Elasmobranchs (zool.) ;
the submerged bladder of Utri;
part
cularia (bot).
ampullaceal (ampula'seal)
a.
[L.
ampulla,
flask.]
Flask-shaped,
appl. arachnid spinning glands
flask.]
Flask-shaped.
ampullary (ampool'ari,
-pul'-) a.
[L.
anacromyoldlan (anak'romioid'ian) a.
akros, apex
[Gk. ana, up
mys,
;
With
muscle.]
the
syringeal
anaerobe (ana'Srob)
aer, air
n.
bios, life.]
sensibility (phys.).
anal
analogues (an'a!6gz)
n.
analogia, proportion.]
plu.
[Gk.
Organs of
origin
AND-
14
(biol.}.
anamorphosis
(an'amor'fosis) n.
[Gk.
ana, again ; morphe, form.] The
evolution from one type to another
through a long series of gradual
changes
anangian
(biol.}.
anaxial (anak'sial)
out; axis, axis.]
axis (biol.}.
a.
[Gk.
a,
Having no
with-
distinct
anchor
ancora,
(ang'kor) n.
[L.
The
anchor - shaped
anchor.]
spicule found in the skin of Holothurians (zool.}.
n.
anchylosis
[Gk.
(ang'kilo'sis)
(anan'jian) a.
[Gk. a,
anggeion, vessel.] Appl.
without a vascular system.
The union
angkylosis, stiffness.]
of two or more bones or hard parts
to form one part, e.g. of bone to
bone, or tooth to bone (zool.}.
(an'afaz) n.
[Gk. ana, up ;
A stage in
appearance.]
mitosis during the divergence of
the daughter-chromosomes (biol.}.
without
worms
(zool.}.
anaphase
phasis,
anaphylaxis (an'afilak'sis)
[Gk.
Conana, up
phylax, guard.]
dition of being hypersensitive to a
serum, caused by the first or sensitizing dose (phys.}.
anapophysis (an'apofisis) n. [Gk.
phyein, to
ana, up ; apo, from
.
anarthrous (anar'thrus)
without
a.
[Gk.
a,
[Gk.
house.]
work
(anat.}.
anatomy
(anat'omi) n.
[Gk. ana, up
or of an animal.
anatriaene
up
(an'atrl'en) n.
triaina, a trident.]
oikos,
n.
[Gk.
house.]
The
organs of a
stamens taken col-
reproducing
plant
the
lectively (bot.}.
androgonidia (an'drogomd'ia)
n. plu.
[Gk. aner, man ; gonos, offspring.]
Male sexual elements formed after
repeated divisions of parthenogonidia of volvox (sool.}.
androgynal
a.
[Gk.
gyne, woman.] Hermaphrodite; bearing bothstaminate
and pistillate flowers in the same
(androj'Inal),
man
aner,
bunch (bot.}.
androgynary (andrqj'inari) a. Having
flowers with stamens and pistils
developed into petals
(bot.}.
androgynism (andrqj'imzm) n.
aner, man
gyne, woman.]
[Gk.
The
[Gk. ana,
triaene
man
flowers
(bot.).
androecium (andre'shuim)
male
on different plants
aner,
arthron, joint.]
dust.]
androdioecious
a.
(an'drodle'shus)
oikos,
[Gk. aner, man
dis, two
Having
konia,
no
man
aner,
[Gk. ana, up
(anat'ropus)
Inverted, appl.
trepein, to turn.]
ovules with the hilum and microand
close
the chalaza
together
pyle
at the other end (bot.).
;
gynal.
androphore
(an'drofor) n.
[Gk. aner,
Stalk
pherein, to carry.]
the
stamens
the
supporting
(bot.}
stalk carrying the male gonophores
in the Siphonophora (zool.}.
man
androphyll
man
(an'drofil) n.
phyllon,
leaf.]
[Gk. aner,
The
leaf
ANDthe
the
microspores
bearing
microsphorophyll (bot.).
androsporangium (an'drosporan'jmm)
n.
[Gk. aner, man scores, seed
anggeion, box.] A sporangium con;
androspore
man
aner,
(hot.}.
n.
(an'drospor')
;
seed.]
sporos,
[Gk.
An
anemophily (an'gmof'ili) n.
[Gk.
anemos, wind
philein, to love.]
Plant-fertilization by the agency
of wind (bot.).
anemotropism (an'emot'ropizm) n.
to
trepein,
[Gk. anemos, wind
Orientation of the body
turn.]
with regard to wind (zool.).
;
anenterous (anen'terus)
without
a.
[Gk.
a,
Having
enteron, gut.]
tract (zoo/.).
most
in
vertebrates (zool.}.
angulo-splenial (ang'gulosple'nial)
[L. angulus, corner ; splenium, a
The bone in Amphibia
patch.]
forming most of the lower and inner
the
of
mandible (zool.).
part
a.
angustifoliate
(anggus'tifo'llat)
[L. angustus, narrow
folium, a
With
narrow
leaves
leaf.]
(bot.}.
.
angustirostrate (anggus'tlros'trat) a.
rostrum, a
[L. angustus, narrow
With narrow beaks or
beak.]
snouts (zool.).
;
some form
no alimentary
of overgrowth on the
lower, retarded, or vegetable pole
(emb.).
angienchyma
(an'jJeng'kTma) n.
[Gk.
anggeion, vessel engchein, to pour.]
Vascular tissue (bot.).
;
n.
[Gk.
(an'jioblast)
vessel ;
blastos,
bud.]
of the cells from which the
angioblast
anggeion,
One
ANI-
15
derived
is
(fihys.).
anisocarpous (anisokar'pus) a.
a, not
isos, equal
karpos,
;
[Gk.
fruit.]
less
whorls
floral
(**}
(emb.).
a.
angiocarpous (an'jiokar'pus)
anggeion,
vessel
Having the
cavity
karpos,
fruit
[Gk.
fruit.]
enclosed
in
(an'jlol'ojl) n.
\G\a.anggeion,
vessel
logos, discourse.]
The ana-
tomy
of the circulatory
and lym-
phatic systems
angiospermous
(anat.).
a.
(an'jiosper'mus)
ovary (oof.).
angiosporous (an'jfospo'rus)
[Gk.
;
sporos, seed.]
anggeion,
Having spores contained in a theca
or spore capsule (bot.}.
(an'jiostom'atus)
vessel
a.
stoma,
anggeion,
[Gk.
Narrow - mouthed, appl.
mouth.]
a certain order of Molluscs, and
to a sub-order of snakes with nondistensible
mouths
angular (ang'gular)
corner.]
One
of
(zool.).
.
[L. angulus,
the
anisohela (amsoke'la)
n.
[Gk. a,
not
A
isos, equal ; chele, claw.]
chela with the two parts unequally
developed (zool.).
a.
anisodactylous
(anTsodak'tTlus)
[Gk. a, not ; isos, equal
daktylos,
three
finger.] Having unequal toes,
toes forward, one backward
refers
to an old classification of birds
;
a.
vessel
angiostomatous
(zool.}.
(bot.}.
angiology
membrane
(zool.}.
anisogamous (anisog'amus)
a.
[Gk.
equal
gamos, marriage.]
Appl. a conjugation in
which the gametes or conjugating
bodies are differentiated in some
a,
not
manner
isos,
(biol.).
between
conjugation
sharply differentiated gametes.
anisogamy,
anisognathous
isog'nathtis)
(an'fsogna'thus,
a.
[Gk.
a,
not
an'isos,
equal
anisomerous (amsom'erus)
a.
[Gk.
equal ; meros, part.]
Having unequal numbers of parts
in the floral whorls (hot.).
anisopleural (anisoploo'ral) a. [Gk.
a, not ; tsos, equal
pleura, side.]
a,
not
t'sos,
Unsymmetrical bilaterally.
anisopogonous
(anisopog'onus)
;
(A*).
anisospore (anisospor') n.
[Gk. a,
not
tsos,
equal ; sporos, seed.]
A dimorphic spore, the sexes
;
differing in size
a.
(anisostgm'onus)
equal stemon, a
spun thread.] Having the number
of stamens unequal to the number
of parts in the other floral whorls
not
t'sos,
(dot.}.
anisotropic
[Gk. a,
not tsos, equal ; trepein, to turn.]
Appl. eggs with predetermined axis
or axes (emb.).
see anchylosis.
ankylosis,
anlage (anla'ge) n.
[Ger. anliegen,
(anisotrop'ik) a.
to lie on.]
of cells in
The
accumulation
a developing embryo
first
interior (bot.}.
(an'ulat)
annulate
ments
(an'ular)
a.
[L.
annulus,
[L. annulus,
of ring-like seg-
earthworm or leech
annul!
(an'ull) plu.
annulus
(zool.).
of annulus.
n.
(an'ulus)
[L. annulus,
Any of the ring-like structures (anat.) ; the special ring in the
fern sporangium, by the action of
ring.]
(zool.).
anoestrum (ane'strum)
n.
[Gk. an,
oistros,
gad-fly.]
;
(biol.).
anomophyllous (an'omof'flus) a.
anomalos, uneven
phyllon,
[Gk.
leaf.]
With
irregularly
leaves
placed
(bot.).
anorganology (an'organol'DJl)
;/.
[Gk.
organon, instrument ; logos,
The
of
study
discourse.]
non-living
things (biol.}.
anosmatic (anosmat'lk) a.
[Gk. a,
without osme, smell.] Having no
sense of smell (phys.).
a,
not
antambulacral
Not
walk.]
(ant'ambula'kral) a.
L. ambulare, to
situated on the ambu;
antebrachium (an'tgbra'kTum)
n.
[L.
ante, before
antecubital (an'tgku'bital) a.
before ; cubitum, elbow.]
to the
elbow
[L. ante,
Anterior
(zool.).
(zool.).
antemarginal
(bot.}.
a.
Composed
ring.]
(biol.).
annular
Annelid
(hot.}.
anisostemonous
a,
ring.]
Appl. certain fibrous bands
or fascia in connection with the
wrist and ankle, etc. (anat.)
appl.
certain vessels in xylem owing to
the ring-like thickenings in their
in
a.
[Gk.
ANT-
16
ante,
(an'temar'jinal) a.
[L.
;
inargo, an edge.]
before
Appl.
(zool.).
antennary
(anten'arf) a.
[L. antenna,
a sail-yard.] Like or pert, or situated near an antenna (zool.).
antennule (anten'ul)
[L. dim. from
antenna] A small antenna or feeler,
specifically the first pair of antennae
in Crustacea (zoo/,).
anteposition (an'tSpdzTsh'un) n.
[L.
ante, before
ponere, to place.]
Superposition of whorls in a flower
.
typically alternating
anterior (ante'rior)
anat.)
anatomy
the axis
(dot.).
a.
[L. anterior,
Nearer the
former.]
(zool.,
ventral
head end
in
human
outwards
facing
from
(dot.).
anthela (anthe'la)
[Gk. anthein, to
cymose inflorescence
n.
bloom.] The
of the rush-family
(hot.).
anther
(an'ther) n.
The part
flower.]
antheridium (antherTd'ium)
n.
[Gk.
An
flower
idion, diml\
in
which
male
or
receptacle
organ
sexual cells are produced (dot.).
;
antherozoids (an'thSrozo'Idz)
n.
plu.
n.
[Gk.
anthocyathus (an'thosl'athus) n.
[Gk.
stage in Madrepore
development
(zool.).
anthodium
(antho'dium) n.
[Gk.
anthos, flower eidos, resemblance.]
The capitulum or head of flowers
of a composite plant (dot).
;
anthogenesis
(an'thoje'n'e'sis) n.
[Gk.
a.
[Gk.
flower ; philein, to love.]
flowers appl. certain insects either living among or feeding
on flowers (zool.).
anthos,
Fond of
anthophore
anthos, flower
The arrangement
axis
of flowers on an
(dot.).
anthoxanthine
n.
(an'thozan'thm)
[Gk. anthos, flower; xanthos, yellow.]
Yellow colouring pigment of flowers
(dot.).
anthropogenesis (an'thropojgn'gsis)
n.
[Gk. anthropos,
man
scent, origin.]
genesis, de-
scent of man.
anthropoid
(dot.).
berry (dot.).
anthocaulis (an'thokol'is)
(an'thropoid) a.
[Gk.
man ; eidos, resemanthropos,
man
blance.]
Resembling
appl.
;
n.
[Gk.
anthropos, man ; logos, discourse.]
The natural history of man.
anthropomorphous (an'thropomor'fus)
n.
[Gk.
L. caulis, stem.]
anthos, flower
The pedicle of a late trophozooid
stage of Madrepore development
;
(zool.).
anthocodia
(an'thosi'anfti)
anthotaxis
n.
idion, dim.
[Gk. anthos, flower
pherein, to bear.] A gametophore
bearing antheridia (dot.).
anthos,
anthocyanin
[Gk. anthos,
of the stamen
(an'thoko'dla) n.
[Gk.
anthos, flower ; kodeia, head.] The
distal portion of an alcyonarian
zooid bearing mouth and tentacles
(zool).
ANT-
17
(zool.).
antibody
n.
[Gk. anti,
A
body.]
the blood
which antagonizes toxins (phys.).
against
(an'tibod'l)
substance
A.S.
bodig,
formed
in
ANTantibrachlal
(an'tlbra'kial) a.
[Gk.
anti, against ; L. brachium, arm.]
Pert, forearm; appl. fascia, muscles,
nerves (anat.).
antibrachiuni (antibra'kTum),
brachium.
ante-
antidromy
(antid'rom!) n.
[Gk. anti,
against ; dromos, running.] Condition of
spiral
phyllotaxy with
genetic spiral changing direction
antigen
antimeres (an'timerz)
n.
plu.
[Gk.
anti, against ;
meros, part.]
series of equal radial parts of the
(dot.).
antisquama (an'tiskwa'ma)
n.
[Gk.
L. squama, scale.]
against
basal lobe next the squama of
the squama alaris or
insect wing
;
antitegula
(zool.).
alula (zool.).
antithrombin (an'tithrom'bm)
n. [Gk.
thrombos, clot.]
in
the liver
prevents clotting of the
anti, against
substance
which
formed
blood (phys.).
antitoxin (an'titok'sin) n. [Gk. anti,
against; toxikon, poison for arrows.]
A substance which develops as a
result of, and subsequently neutralthe injection of a specific
izes,
poison introduced into the animal
body
(phys.).
(an'titrag'us) n.
[Gk. anti,
he -goat.]
tragos,
antitragus
against;
prominence
(cyt.).
antispadix
spadix, a palm
against ;
branch.]
group of four modified
tentacles in internal lateral lobes
of Nautilus (zool.).
anti,
anti,
petals
AOR-
18
(an'tispa'dlks)
[Gk.
antrum
(an'trum) n.
[L. antrum,
A cavity or sinus ; appl.
maxillary sinus, and cavity of the
pylorus (anat.).
anurous (anu'rus) a. [Gk. a, without ;
oura, tail.] Tailless.
anus (a'nus) n. [L. anus, anus.] The
posterior opening of the alimentary
canal (anat.).
aorta (aorta) n. [Gk. aorte, the great
The great trunk arteryartery.]
cavity.]
AOR-
tissue
out
pe talon,
petals
a.
petal.]
a, with-
[Gk.
Having no
(bot.).
(a'pfiks) n.
The
tip
[L. apex,
summit.]
or summit, as of lungs,
to turn.]
Tendency to turn away
from light (biol.).
aphodal (af 'odal) a. [Gk. apo, away ;
hodos, way or path.] Appl. a type
out ; phyllon,
leaves (bot.}.
a.
leaf.]
(afil'l)
phyllon,
leaf.]
absence of leaves
[Gk.
a,
with-
Without foliage
[Gk. a, without
Suppression or
;
(bot.}.
(zool.}.
wanting or suppressed
in
the
(bot.}.
aplacental (ap'lasen'tal) a.
[L. a,
not
Not
placenta, flat cake.]
;
atus) a.
mosses (bot.).
aplostemonous
a.
(ap'lostem'onus)
;
stemon, a spun
Having a single row of
stamens
apneustic
without
(bot.).
[Gk. a,
(apnu'stik) a.
pneustos, breath.] With
closed tracheal system appl. aquatic larvae of certain insects (zool.).
;
apocarpous
a.
(ap'okar'pus)
[Gk.
karpos, fruit.] Having
separate or partially united carpels
apo,
away
(bot.).
(ap'osit) n.
apocyte
hollow.]
kytos,
a
mass of
cell,
plurinucleate
protoplasm (cyt.).
apodal (ap'odal) a. [Gk. a, without
pous, foot.] Having no feet (zool.).
;
apodous
apodal.
[Gk.
(ap'odus),
apogamy (apog'aml) n.
away gamos, marriage.]
ment without
apo,
Develop-
the intervention
a.
of
[Gk.
apo,
turn.]
apiculate (aptk'ulat) a.
[L. apex,
summit.] Forming abruptly to a
small tip, as a leaf (bot.}.
apilary (apilarl) a. [Gk. a, not ;
pilos, felt cap.]
Having the upper
lip
corolla
(aplan'ogamet')
pianos, wandering ;
[Gk. a, not
gamete, wife.] A non-motile conjugating germ cell in various plants
aphyllous Oftftfs)
aphylly
aplanogamete
around
(dot.}.
apetalous (apet'alib)
apex
APO-
19
apogeotropism
(ap'qjeot'ropizm)
n.
ad,
apophyllous
[Gk. apo,
(ap'ofil'us) a.
phyllon, leaf.] Appl. the
of a single perianth whorl
they are free leaves (bot.).
parts
when
apophysis
ad, to
apopyle
a.
The
apo,
a.
[Gk.
sema, signal.] Appl.
colours which serve to
warning
away enemies
frighten
(zool.).
absence
of
n.
[Gk. apo,
The producsporos, seed.]
tion of prothalli without the intervention of spore-formation in certain
away
plants (bot.).
apostasis (apos'tasis) n.
[Gk. apo,
Term
away
stasis,
standing/]
appl. condition of abnormal growth
of axis which thereby causes a
separation of the perianth whorls
from one another (bot.).
;
apostrophe
[Gk. apo,
away
ment of
Arrange-
lateral
(apos'trofe) n.
trepein, to turn.]
apothecium
(ap'othe'siiim, -shium) n.
The
;
theke, cup.]
away
[Gk. apo,
(bot.).
appendage
(apen'daj) n.
[L. ad, to
An organ or
pendere, to hang.]
part attached to a trunk, as a limb
(anat.).
appendicula
(up'endik'ular)
a.
apro'-
(ap'roter'b'dont,
a.
first
[Gk.
a,
without
pro-
(zool.).
The
sporogony (zool.).
apospory (apos'pori)
Havodous, tooth.]
ing no teeth on the pre-maxillae
n.
(ap'osporog'onT)
seed ;
away
sporos,
[Gk. apo,
gonos, birth.]
to
teros,
aposporogony
[L. ad,
(bot.).
terodont)
(ap'osemat'ik)
away
a.
Flattened
flattened.]
planatus,
out (bot.).
apposition (ap'ozish'un) n. [L. ad, to
ponere, to place.] The formation
of successive layers in the growth
of a cell wall cf. intussusception
aproterodont
(zool.).
aposematic
(zool.).
(ap'opil) n.
a sponge
[L. ad, to
n.
(anat.).
applanate (ap'lanat)
pyle, gate.]
[L.
moulded.]
plasmodium
a.
appendix (apen'diks)
[Gk. apo,
Pert.
hang.]
(ap'oplasmo'dial)
pendere,
(anat.).
[Gk. apo,
away phyein, to grow.] Process
from a bone, usually for muscle
attachment (anat.) ; a swelling at
the base of the capsule in some
mosses ; appl. small protuberance
at apex of an ovuliferous scale in
female cone of pine (bot.).
apoplasmodial
to
appendiculate (ap'endlk'ulat)
n.
(apof'isis)
to
(anat.).
away
AQU-
20
[L.
apteria (apte'ria) n. plu. [Gk. a, without; pteron, wing.] Naked or downcovered surfaces between the pterylae or feather-tracts (zool.).
[Gk. a, with(ap'terus) a.
apterous
out
wing.J
Wingless
having no wing-like exon
the
stems
or petioles
pansions
;
(zool.)
pteron,
(bot.).
apterygial (ap'terij'ial) a.
[Gk. a,
without pteron, wing.] Wingless
without fins (zool.).
;
apterygotous
(ap'terigo'tus) a.
[Gk.
a, without pterygion, dim. of pteron,
or
wing.]
Resembling
pert, the
primitive wingless insects or Apterygota (zool.).
aptychus (ap'tikiis) n. [Gk. a, without ; ptyche, fold.]
A horny or
calcareous structure, possibly an
of
Ammonites
operculum,
(zool.).
aquatic (akwat'ik, -wot-) a. [L. aqua,
water.] Pert, water
living in or
frequenting water (bot., zool.).
;
aqueduct (ak'wedukt)
n.
[L.
aqua,
appl.
spiders
Spider-like, pert,
spider.]
(goo/.).
(araknid'ium) n.
[Gk.
The spinning
spider.]
apparatus of a spider, including
and spinnerets
spinning-glands
arachne,
(sool.}.
arachnoid (arak'noid)
a.
[Gk. arachLike a
;
eidos, form.]
consisting of fine entangled hairs resembling a cobweb
(bot.}
appl. a thin membrane of
the central nervous system, composed of delicate connective tissue
with an endothelial covering on its
free surfaces and lying between the
dura and the pia mater (ana/.}
pert, or resembling a spider (zool.}.
arborescent (ar'bore's'e'nt) a. [L. arborescens,
growing like a tree.]
Branched like a tree (bot.}.
spider
cobweb
arboroid
(ar'boroid)
a.
[L.
arbor,
arbor, tree
of
life,
-vita,
appl.
life.]
The
tree
arborescent appear-
arche, beginning
bios,
origin of life (biol.}.
;
life.]
The
archegoniophore (ar'kego'niofor) n.
[Gk. arche, beginning gonos, offspring pkerein, to bear.] Branches
of mosses bearing archegonia (bot.}.
;
arachnidium
ne,
ARC-
21
in vertical
section (anat.}.
arbutean (arbu'tean)
a.
[L. arbutus,
archaeostomatous
(ar'keosto'm'atus) a.
chordacentra
archebiosis
(zool.}.
(ar'keblo'sls)
n.
[Gk.
archegonium (ar'kego'mum)
n.
[Gk.
gonos, offspring.]
in
which
the
organ
oospheres are formed, and in which
the young plant begins its develop-
arche, beginning
female
ment
(bot.}.
archenteron (arkgn'tgron) n.
arche,
enteron,
beginning
;
[Gk.
gut.]
The
embryo
(emb.}.
a sporangium
(bot.}.
archiamphiaster
(ar'kTam'fTas'te'r)
n.
amphi, on both
sides aster, star.] The amphiaster
the
first or second polar
forming
body in cell maturation (cyt.}.
[Gk. archi,
first
(cyt.}.
archicarp (ar'kikarp)
n.
[Gk. archi,
;
karpos, fruit.] The spirally
coiled region of the thallus of
certain fungi (bot.}.
first
archicerebrum
(ar'kise'r'e'brum)
n.
archichlamydeous (ir'kiklamid'eus)
[Gk. archi,
first
a.
chlamys, cloak.]
petals, or having petals
entirely separate from one another
;
Having no
(bot.}.
archicoel
(i/kisel) n.
[Gk. archi,
The primary
koilos, hollow.]
body- cavity or space between v the
alimentary canal and ectoderm in
development of various groups of
animals (zoo/.}.
first
ARC.
[Gk. archi,
(arkig'onl) n.
gonos, offspring.] The first
life
of
by spontaneous generaorigin
archigony
first
tion
ARM-
22
(bio!.}.
the
[Gk.
archi, first nephros, kidney.] Appl.
the duct into which the pronephric
tubules open (emb.}.
archinephros (ar'kinef'ros) n. [Gk.
archi, first
nephros, kidney.] The
primitive kidney (emb.}.
archipallium (ar'kTpal'ium) n.
[Gk.
L. pallium, a mantle.]
archi, first
The olfactory region of the cerebral
ardellae (ardeTe)
hemispheres (phys.}.
archipterygium (ar'kipterij'ium)
areola (are'ola)
archinephric
(ar'kmef'rik)
a.
first
[Gk. archi,
pterygion,
n.
little
architype
first
n.
(ar'kitip)
typos, type.]
[Gk. archi,
An original type
may be derived
archoplasm
(ar'koplazm) n.
[Gk.
archon, ruler
plasma, something
;
The
moulded.]
the
stituting
astral
rays,
substance
con-
attraction
and
sphere,
spindle-fibres
(emb.}.
arclcentrous
arcus,
(ar'kisen'trus)
bow
centrum,
a.
[L.
centre.]
arcocentrous
(ar'kb'sen'trus)
a.
like
[L.
arcocentrum (ar'kosSn'trum)
bow
n.
[L.
centrum, centre.]
centrum formed from parts of neural
and haemal arches (zool.}.
arcualia (ar'kua'lia) n.plu. [L. arcus,
arcus,
bow.]
column
vertebral
fishes
of
(zool.}.
arcuate (ar'kuat) a.
Curved or shaped
[L. arcus,
like a bow.
bow.]
n. plu.
[Gk. ardein,
to sprinkle.]
Small apothecia of
certain lichens having the appearance of dust (bot.}.
area
(a'rea) n.
area
as
surface,
opaca,
area
vasculosa (smb.}.
arenaceous (arSna'shus)
a.
[L. arena,
sand.]
appearance of sand
sandy.
n.
small coloured
the part of
the iris bordering the pupil of the
one
of
the
small
eye (anat.} ;
spaces
or interstices of a special kind of
tissue (zool.}
the areas defined by
cracks on the surface of lichens (bot.}.
areolar (are'olar), areolate (are'olat) a.
Of or like an
[L. areola, space.]
areola, having distinct spaces or
interstices (bot.}
areolar is appl. a
kind of connective tissue with the
fibres loosely attached (zool.}.
area,
space.]
circle
round a nipple
argenteal
tum,
dermal reflecting
layer of iridocytes without
silver.]
tissue
in fishes (zool.}.
(aril'us) n.
[F.
arillo, a small hoop.]
chromatophores
aril
arillus
(ar'il),
arille,
Sp.
An additional investment
a seed after fertilization
arillode (ar'ilod) n.
Gk.
eidos,
like.]
formed on
(bot.}.
many brachycerous
Diptera
(zool.}.
Aristotle's
armature
(ar'matur) n.
weapons.]
[L. arma,
Anything which serves
arrectores pilorum,
arrhenoplasm (arSn'oplazm)
[Gk.
arrenos, male
plasma, something
moulded.] Male plasm, in reference
.
plasm (diol.).
arrhenotoky (argnot'oki)
[Gk.
Protokos, birth.]
arrenos, male
duction of males parthenogenetic.
ally (zool.).
arterial
a.
(arte'rial)
[L.
arteria,
(anat.).
artery (anat.).
artery
(ar'te"r!) n.
vessel
heart to
arthritic (arthrit'ik) a. [Gk. arthron,
Pert, or at joints (anat.).
joint.]
arthrobranchiae
(aYthrobrang^kle,
-kla) n. plu.
[Gk. arthron, a joint ;
drangchia, gills.] Joint-gills, arising
at the junction of thoracic appendages with trunkof Arthropods (zool.).
arthrodia (arthro'dia)
[Gk. arthron,
A joint admitting of only
joint.]
.
gliding
movements
arthrodlal
ASC-
23
(anat.).
a.
[Gk.
Appl. the articular
connecting thoracic
with trunk, as
in
fin-rays, as in fishes
Having jointed
(zool.).
arthrospore
arthrosterigmata
ostrakon, shell.]
Having a segmented
shell (zool.).
articulated
(artik'ulate'd) a.
[L. articulus, joint.]
Jointed ; separating
easily at certain points (fe&jl
articulation (irtikula'shun) n.
[L.
articulus, joint.]
joint, between
means
(biol^).
artiodactyl (ar'tiodaktil) a.
[Gk.
artios,
daktylos,
equal ;
finger.]
Having an even number of fingers
or toes (sool.)
arytenoid
n.
[Gk.
An
meros, part.]
or
somite
arthropod body-segment
(zool.).
arthropod
a.
(ar'thropod)
[Gk.
arthron, joint ; pous, foot.] Of or
pert, the Arthropoda (zool.).
arthropterous (arthr6p't6rus) a. [Gk.
arthron,
wing.]
joint ;
pteron,
[Gk.
(dot.).
a.
(arjrte'noid)
Pitcher-like,
arytaina, a pitcher.]
appl. two cartilages at the back of
the larynx, also glands, swellings,
etc. (anat.\
asci (as'I, as'kl, as'ke) n. plu. [Gk.
askos, bladder.] Membranous sporesacs of fungi within which the
ascospores are formed (dot.}.
membranes
arthron, joint
(ar'throste'rig'mata)
plu.
[Gk. askidion,
Pitcher-leaves, as in
appendages
Arthropods (zool.).
arthromere (ar'thrb'mer)
[Gk.
arthron, joint.]
(arthro'dlal)
n.
(Arth'rospor)
little
bag.]
Nepenthes
(aslj'grus) a.
[Gk. askos,
L. gerere, to bear.] Bearing
asci, as certain hyphae in Fungi
ascigerous
bag
(dot.).
ascocarp (as'kokarp)
bag karpos,
;
fruit.]
n.
[Gk. askos,
protective
The
(dot.).
(ask8j'5nus) ^ a.
gignesthai, to
Bearing asci (dot.).
ascogenous
askos,
duce.]
bag
ascogonium (as'kogo'nTum)
n.
[Gk.
pro-
[Gk.
asterospondylous
are
bodies
reproductive
a.
n.
[Gk. askos,
One of the
spores contained in an ascus (bot.).
ascus, sing, of asci, which see.
asexual (aseVsual) a. [Gk. a, without ; L. sexus, sex.] Having no
apparent sexual organs ; pathenogenetic or vegetative as appL reproduction (btol.).
to;
ad,
aspect (as'pekt) n.
[L.
Look, appearspectare, to look.]
ance, point of view (btol.).
sporos,
bursting irregularly
astragalus
aspidobranchiate
(as'pidobrang'kiat)
brangchia,
[Gk. aspis, shield
or
Pert,
resembling the
gills.]
;
group
of
Gasteropods (zool.).
asplanchnic (asplangk'nik) a.
[Gk.
a, without
splangchna, viscera.]
Without alimentary canal (zool.).
asporous (asp5'rus) a. [Gk. a, with;
out
sporos,
seed.]
Having no
spores (bot.).
assimilation (asTm'ila'shun)
to
similis, like.]
[L. ad,
nutrient
[L. ad,
socius,
fibres
(zool.} ;
appl.
connecting
white matter of interior of brain
with cortex of convolutions (phys.).
astely (Aste'H) n. [Gk. a, without
Absence of a central
stele, pillar.]
;
cylinder or axis
aster
(hot.}.
(as'tgr)
[Gk. aster, a star.]
The
achromatinic
star-shaped
structure surrounding the centrosome during mitosis ; the starof
the
shaped
arrangement
n.
(cyt.).
n.
[Gk. aster,
region of the posterolateral fontaneTle where lambdoid,
and
parieto mastoid,
occipitostar.]
(aste'rion)
The
[Gk.
in
The
man
some
(cyt.).
astrosphere
(as'trosfer) n.
[Gk. aster,
sphaira, ball.] The central
aster without the rays
the aster exclusive of the centrosome the astral sphere (cyt.).
star
mass of the
asymmetrical
a,
without
measure.]
[Gk.
(asimet'rikal) a.
syn, with ; metron,
want of symPert,
(biol.\
asymmetry
.
Adherence of
fellow.]
gregarines without fusion of nuclei
;
n.
bone.]
bone
n.
Conversion into
protoplasm of ingested
material (phys.).
association (aso'sia'shun)
to
(bot.).
(astrag'alus)
astragalos, an ankle
second largest tarsal
asperity (aspeViti) n.
asper,
[L.
rough.] Roughness as on certain
leaves (hot.}.
Aspidobranchiata,
(as'tSrospon'dllus)
star ; sphondylos,
aster,
seed.]
a.
[Gk.
vertebra.]
Having centrum with
radiating calcified plates (zool.).
astomatous (astom'atus) a. [Gk. a,
formed
(bot.).
ascospore (as'kospor)
bag
ATR-
24
ASC-
(anat.).
out
syn, with;
metron, measure.]
of symmetry.
(at'avizm) n.
[L. atavus,
the
ocancestor.]
Reversion,
currence of a characteristic of a
remote ancestor not .observed in
the
more immediate ancestors
;
Want
atavism
(btol.).
tending to atavism
(btol.).
athalamous (athal'amus)
without
thalamos,
Wanting a thalamus
a.
inner
[Gk. a,
room.]
(bot.).
atlas
(at'las) n.
[Gk. atlas, a giant.]
first cervical vertebra articulating with the skull (anat.).
atokous (at'okus) a. [Gk. atokos,
The
Without offspring.
childless.]
atoll (at'61, atol') n.
[Mai. atoll.}
coral reef surrounding a
body
A
of
water
atria!
(zool.).
(a'triil) a.
chorda
AUT-
25
(zool.).
intestine
(Phys.).
augmentor
to
relation to
celerator (phys.).
nistic
vagi
ac-
aulostomatous (ol'ostom'atus)
(***),
atrioventricular (atriove'ntrik'ular) a.
[L. atrium, chamber ; ventriculus,
small cavity.] Pert, the atrioventricular structure in the heart ; appl.
bundles, groove, openings (anat.).
atrium (a'trium) n.
atrium,
[L.
chamber.] The two anterior cavities of the heart
the tympanic
cavity (anat.) a chamber surrounding the pharynx in Tunicates and
ear or hearing.
auricle (6r'lkl) n. [L. auricula, little
The external ear ; any earear.]
like lobed appendage (zool.) ; the
upper or anterior chamber on each
side of the heart (anat.).
Cephalochordates (zoo!.).
atrochal (at'rokal) a. [Gk.
a, withWithout the
;
trochos, wheel.]
preoral circlet of cilia ; appl. trochophore stage when the preoral
circlet is absent and the surface
out
is
covered
uniformly
with
cilia
(zool.).
atrophy
[Gk.
a,
without
auricula
little
n.
[L.
auricle.
auricula,
(orik'ula)
An
ear.]
auriculars,
ear coverts of
n. plu.,
birds.
(dot.).
auriculo
ventricular
auricle
(6rik'ulo-vn-
trflc'ular) a.
and
(dot.).
atterminal (atteYmmal)
a.
[L.
ad,
to ; terminus, end.]
Towards a
terminal
appl. current directed
toward the thermal cross-section
;
(Phys.\
attraction
(zool.).
(atrak'shun)
tractus,
drawn
which
apparently
things to
it,
to.]
n.
Any
[L.
at-
structure
draws
other
as an attraction cone
autacoid
self.]
(od'itorl)
a.
to
JX. audire,
Auerbach's
a gangliated
plexus,
of non-medullated nervefound
the
between
two layers
fibres,
of the muscular coat of the small
(ot'akoid)
term
n.
[Gk. autos,
including both
(cyt.).
plexus
[Gk.
(at'rofi) n.
Emaciation ;
trephein, to nourish.]
diminution in size and function of
auditory
aulos, tube
a.
blastos,
n.
bud.]
(phys.).
[Gk. autos,
An
inde-
pendent micro-organism.
autocatalysis (ot'okatal'isls)
autos,
self
loosing.]
n.
[Gk.
The
autochthon (6tSk'th6n) n.
[Gk. autos,
AUTAn
chthon, the ground.]
indigenous species of plant or
animal (bioL).
autocyst (ot'osist) n. [Gk. autos, self;
self;
thick membrane
kystis, bladder.]
formed by the Neosporidia separating them from the host tissues (zoo/.).
AUX-
26
oikos,
house.]
rusts
inhabits the
Appl.
autophyta
(ot'ofl'ta) n. plu.
[Gk.
Plants
autos, self; phyton, plant.]
autos, self
skeletos, dried.]
true
autostylic
self;
(ot'ostil'ik) a.
stylos,
[Gk. autos,
Having the
pillar.]
mandibular
arch
and
articulating
direct (zoo!.).
self-supporting,
with the skull
autotomy
(bot.).
autogamy
(otog'ami) n.
[Gk. autos,
self;
gamos, marriage.]
fertilization (biol.).
autogenesis
Self-
n.
[Gk.
Spon-
(6t'6jen'e'sis)
(otot'omi) n.
[Gk. autos,
tome, cutting.] Self-amputation of a part, as in certain worms
self;
ing
[Gk.
Reprogenesis, birth.]
ducing spontaneously, appL body;
cells.
[Gk. autos,
Procur-
independently
;
appl.
plants which are neither sapronor
phytic
parasitic (dot.).
autotropism (6t6t'ropizm) n.
[Gk.
to
self;
turn.]
trepein,
to grow in a straight
appl. plants unaffected by
external influence (phys.).
autos,
autogeny
autogony
Autogenesis.
(otoj'gm) n.
[Gk. autos,
(otog'oni) n.
Autoself;
offspring.]
gonos,
genesis.
autolysis (otol'isis) n.
[Gk. autos,
a loosing.]
Selfself;
lysis,
digestion.
automixis (ot'omik'sis) n. [Gk. autos,
The union
self; mixis, mingling.]
in a cell of chromatin derived from
common
parentage
line
(biol.).
autonomic (6t'6n8m'ik)
a.
[Gk. autos,
Selfnomos,
province.]
governing,
spontaneous
appL
nerves of sympathetic system and
of certain involuntary muscles, and
of secreting glands (phys.).
autonomous (oton'omus). a. Autonomic.
self;
autophagous
Tendency
a.
(6tof'agus)
autos, self; phagein, to eat.]
[Gk.
Appl.
birds capable of running about and
food
for
when
themselves
securing
newly hatched (zool.).
autophya
(6t'6ffa) n.plu.
[Gk. autos,
Elephyein, to produce.]
in the formation of a shell
secreted by the animal itself; cf.
in
leucocytes
cell-
and other
cells (cyt.\
auximone
plants
(biol.).
auxospore (ok'sospor) n.
to
increase
sporos,
[Gk. auxein,
seed.]
by
its
bi-partition escapes
from
auxotonic
a.
(ok'soton'ik)
[Gk.
tonos, strain.]
;
self;
auxein, to increase
ments
Induced by growth
appl. movements of immature plants
opp.
xenophya
alassotonic
(zool.).
autophyllogeny
autos,
self;
(ot'of iloj'eni) n.
phyllon,
leaf;
[Gk.
against
genos,
(Phys.).
an
appl. contraction
increasing resistance
(bot.)
AVE-
BAC-
avenaceous (avena'shus) a.
Pert, oats
oats.]
[L. avena,
(dot.).
avicularium
[L.
avicula,
In
(avTkula'rTum) n.
dim. of avis, bird.]
"beard" of grass,
axial
(ak'sial) a.
axis or
stem
axile
(ak'sil) a.
axilemma
(ak'silSm'a) n.
[L.
axis,
cylinder (anat.).
axilla (aksll'a) n.
L. axilla, arm-pit.]
The
axopodium
(ak'sopo'dlum) n.
[Gk.
axon, axle pous, foot.] A pseudopodium with axial filament (zool.).
;
(ak'sostll) n.
axostyle
(btol.).
axle
One of the
ntma, thread.]
three threads of the main strand
of an infusorian stalk (zool.).
axoiiost (ak'sonost) n.
[Gk. axon,
axle ; osteon, bone.]
The basal
of
rods
portion
supporting the
dermotrichia of fin-rays (zool.).
[Gk. axon,a.\\&
slender flexible
pillar.]
stylos,
many
Flagellates
(zool.).
azygobranchiate (azl'gobrang'kiat) a.
[Gk. a, without
zygon, yoke
;
azygomatous
(a'zlgom'atus) a.
[Gk.
without zygoma, a bar.] Without a zygoma or cheek-bone arch
a,
(zool.).
azygos
(azi'gos, az'igos) n.
[Gk. a,
An un;
zygon, yoke.]
paired muscle, artery, vein, process
without
(anat.).
azygosperm
a,
(azi'gospe'rm)
without
An
seed.]
azygospore
without
sfierma,
n.
(azl'gospor)
zygon, yoke
[Gk.
zygon, yoke
azygospore.
[Gk.
spore developed
gamete without conjugation
azygous
(azl'gus, az'Igus) a.
without
a,
sporos, seed.]
directly from a
;
(bot.).
[Gk.
a,
Unpaired.
zygon, yoke.]
Petere, to seek.]
Passing towards
main stem or
ducing (bot.).
bacciform (bak'slform) a. [L. bacca,
berry ; forma,
Berryshape.]
shaped (bot.).
axon
bacillus (basll'us) n.
[L. bacillum,
An elongated rodsmall stick.]
(ak'son) n.
[Gk. axon, axle.]
The axis-cylinder process of a multinerve-cell
polar
(anat.).
axoneme (ak'sonem)
n.
[Gk. axon,
berry
like
a.
ferre, to bear.]
bacterium
[L. bacca,
Berry-pro-
single-celled
fungus (bot.).
bacteriology (bak'tertol'ojl)
n.
[Gk.
BAC-
BAS-
28
bakterion,
The
(phys.).
balancers
[L.
(bal'anserz) n. plu.
The
bilanx, having two scales.]
halteres or poisers of dipterous
insects (zoo!.}.
Any
tree-blossom.]
many-seeded,
celled,
indehiscent
many-
fruit,
(dot.}.
(balen') n.
The horny
whale-
bone (zool.).
balm (bam) n. [L. balsamum, balsam.]
A fragrant garden plant a soothing
;
ointment (bot.).
balsamiferous (bal'samif 6rus) a. [L.
balsamum, balsam ferre, to bear.]
Producing balsam (bot.).
barb (barb)
[L. barba, beard.] One
;
thread-like structures
extending obliquely from a feather
rachis, and forming the vane (zool.}
a hooked hair-like bristle (dot.).
of delicate
barbate
(bar'bat) a.
Bearded
head of various
fishes (zool.).
(barbeTat, ba/bglat) a.
With stiff
barba,
beard.]
hooked hair-like bristles (bot.).
[L.
n.
(bar'bisgl)
[L.
barba,
beard.]
barbule
(zool.).
barbula (bar'bula)
n.
[L.
barbula,
basale
(basa'le,
(basa'lia) plu.
basal'a)
.,
basalia
basement membrane,
themembrane
basis,
basibranchial
The
arch
n.
(ba'sibrang'klal)
brangchia, gills.]
ventral or
basal
portion of a branchial
;
median
(zool.}.
basichromatin
n.
(ba'sikro'matin)
[Gk. basis, base
chroma, colour.]
;
barbellate
barbicel
base.]
basis,
[L.
basal
skeletal
(bot., zool.).
a.
(ba'sal)
The deeply
staining substance of
nuclear network chromatin (cyt.).
baslconic sensillae, upright conical
clavate sense hairs, immovable at
their base and having thin chitinous
;
covering (zool).
basicranial (ba'sikra'nTal)
basis,
base
ated
at
a.
kranion, skull.]
the base of the
;
[Gk.
Situskull
(zool.).
basidiophore
basis, base
(basid'Iofor)
pherein, to
n.
[Gk.
bear.]
BASa
basidium
basidiogonidium
(tot.).
basidium (basld'ium)
base.]
special
n.
[Gk. basis,
of certain
cell
basipterygium
(ba'sTptgrij'ium)
tt.
basigamous
(basTg'amus) a.
[Gk.
marriage.]
gatnos,
the oosphere reversed in
base
basis i
Having
the embryo-sac
(bot.).
basihyal (ba'sihral) n.
[Gk. basis,
base hyoeides, Y-shaped.] Broad
;
median
(*).
;
and amphibians
basioccipital
base
past's,
some
skull (zool.).
certain trees
(anat.).
basilingual (ba'siling'gwal) a.
[L.
basis, base lingua, tongue.]
Appl.
a broad flat cartilaginous plate, the
body of the hyoid, in crocodiles,
turtles,
(zool.).
(zoo/.).
n.
(ba'sioksTp'ital)
;
occiput,
[L.
back of head.]
or element
BDE-
29
(anat.).
phloem
(tot.).
bastard wing,
(zoo!.).
and inflorescences
(tot.).
batrachian (batra'kTan) a.
trachos, frog.]
Relating
and toads (zool.).
[Gk. bato
frogs
bdelloid (deToid) a.
[Gk. bdella,
leech eidos, resemblance.] Leechlike, or having the appearance of a
leech (zool.).
;
BEAn.
[A.S. beard, a beard.]
of the arrangements of hairs
the heads of animals which
resemble a man's beard (zool.) ;
the barbed or bristly hair-like out-
beard (herd)
Any
on
benthos (ben'thos)
n.
of
the
[Gk. benthos,
bottom of the
sea
(biol.).
jointed
(hot., sool.).
bicapsular (blkap'sular) a.
twice capsula, little box.]
[L.
(hot.}.
bicarinate (bikar'mat) a.
twice ; carina, keel.]
keel-like processes
bis,
Having
[L.
bis,
With two
(hot.,
zool?).
blcellular (blseTular)
a.
bicepa
a groove on the
upper part of the humerus (anat.).
bicipital groove,
bicollateral (bl'kolat'eral) a.
twice
[L. bis,
latus, side.]
sides similar.
con, together
bicolligate (blkol'igat) a.
[L. bis,
twice
cum, together
ligare, to
bind.] With two stretches of webbing on the foot (zool?).
;
(bot.).
bicornute (bikor'nut)
(zool.}.
Bellini's
flora
BIE-
30
(bl'seps)
n.
Composed
[L.
bis,
of
twice
crena,
notch.]
as leaves with
margins
blscuspid (bikiis'pid)
cuspis,
Doubly
crenate,
notched
toothed
(tot.).
point.]
or points
bicuspid,
a.
(bot., zool.).
n.
premolar
tooth
(anat.).
to
become
(zool.).
bidental (blden'tal)
dens, tooth.]
tooth-like processes.
BIFLasting
annus, year.]
years (tot.).
two
(tot.).
median
biflabellate (bfflabel'at) a.
[L.
bis,
flabellum, fan.]
Doubly
flabellate, each side of the antennal
out
flabellate
projoints sending
cesses (zool.}.
;
biflagellate
twice
a.
(blflajeTat)
flagellum, whip.]
[L.
bis,
Having
flag-
biflex
(bl^ks)
a.
[L.
bis,
twice
to
With two
bend.]
curves.
biflorate (blflo'rat) a.
[L. bis, twice ;
flora,
flowers.]
Producing two
flowers, or bearing two flowers
flectere,
(bot.).
diploblastic
bilateral (bllat'eral) a.
bile (bil)
n.
bilis,
[L.
The
bile.]
bilicyanin
n.
(bil'isl'anin)
[L.
bilis,
A
Gk. kyanos, dark blue.]
;
blue pigment found in renal calculi
(Phys.\
bilirubin (bil'iroo'bin) n.
[L. bilis,
bile
bile
bile
ruber, red.]
reddish-yellow
(phys.).
pigment
biliverdin (bil'Tvgr'din)
bile ; F. vert, green.]
[L.
bilis,
green
bile
of
bilirubin (phys.).
[L. bis, twice
bilobate (bllo'bat) a.
Gk.
two
lobos,
rounded
Having
flap.]
lobes.
bilobular (bllob'ular) a.
bis,
[L.
twice ; L. Ipbulus, dim. of lobus,
Having two
lobe.]
bilocellate
twice
locellus,
Divided
lobules.
a.
(bfloseTat)
into
[L.
bis,
two
compartments
(bot.).
bifoliate (bifo'liat) a.
folium, leaf.]
with two leaflets
(bot.).
biforin (blf'orin)
[L. bis, twice ;
An oblong raphidian
fort's, door.]
cell opening at each end (bot.).
.
prongs
(bot.,
zool.)
having
two
joints,
proximal (zool.).
bigeininate (bijem'inat) a.
[L. bis,
twice gcminus, double.] Doublytwin-forked
paired
(bot.).
bljugate (bijoo'gat) a. [L. bis, twice
jugare, to join.] With two pairs of
;
leaflets (bot.).
corollas
(tot.).
bis,
Formed
bilaminar
a.
(bllam'inar)
a.
[L. bis, twice ;
place.]
Containing two
cavities or chambers (bot.).
locus,
biloculine (bllok'ulin) a.
[L. bis,
twice loculus, little place.] Two;
chambered.
bilophodont (bllof'odont) a. [L. bis,
twice
Gk. lophos, ridge
odous,
tooth.]
Appl. molar teeth of tapir,
which have ridges joining the two
anterior and two posterior cusps
;
(zool.).
bimaculate (blmak'ulat)
a.
[L. bis,
Marked
(zool.).
of
the
primates
(zool.).
bimastism (blmas'tizm)
n.
[L.
bis,
lamellae
bilocular (bllok'ular)
appl.
[L.
twice
BIN-
31
for
a.
[L.
bis,
Having
bimuscular
twice
(blinus'kular) a.
[L. bis,
musculus, muscle.]
Having
BINand cytoplasm
division of nucleus
(zool.).
names
(biol.}.
and animals,
first
the generic
name, then the specific, as Felis
[L.
The
binuclear
a.
(blnu'klear)
nucleus, small nut.]
twice ;
two nuclei
[L.
bis,
Having
(biol.}.
binucleate, binuclear.
bioblast (bl'oblast) n. [Gk.
bios, life
blastos, bud.]
biophore (biol.}.
biocellate (blosel'at) a. [L. bis, twice
ocellus, dim. oioculus, eye.] Having
;
chemos,
ciation
[Gk.
The
(biol.}.
[Gk.
[Gk.
The
dynamis, power.]
science of the active vital phenomena of animals (phys.}.
life
biogen
(bl'b'jen)
n.
genos, offspring.]
biogenesis (bl'qjen'gsis) n.
[Gk. bios,
The theory of
; genesis, birth.]
the descent of living matter from
life
biogeny
(bloj'6ni) n.
genesis, birth.]
life.
bion
(blom'e'tri),
(bl'on) n.
biometrics.
An
(bl'oflt) n.
[Gk. bios, life
phyton, plant.] A plant which gets
sustenance from living organisms
(biol.}.
bioplasm (bl'b'plazm) n.
[Gk. bios,
life
plasma, something moulded.]
Living matter protoplasm (biol.).
;
bioplast (bl'bplast) n.
biodynamics (bl'odinam'fks)
bios,
life
graphein, to
ge, earth
The part of biology dealing
write.]
with the geographical distribution
of plants
(phytogeography) and
animals (zoogeography) ; chorology.
biological (blolqj'ikal) a.
[Gk. bios,
life ; logos, discourse.]
Relating to
the science of life (biol.}.
biology (blol'oji) n.
[Gk. bios, life
The science of
logos, discourse.]
bios,
biophyte
n.
juice.]
biometry
bios,
BIO-
32
[Gk.
bios, life
A
plasma, something moulded.]
minute quantity of living protoof
plasm capable
reproducing itself
(biol.}.
biorgan (blpr'gan)
n.
[Gk. bios, life
organon, instrument.} An organ in
the physiological sense, not necessarily a morphological unit (biol.}.
bios (bi'os) n. [Gk. &ws,\ite.] Organic
life, plant or animal.
biostatics (bl'ostat'iks) n.
life
statos, stationary.]
[Gk.
bios,
The branch
bios,
life.]
biotonus
[Gk.
bios,
(bl'oto'nus)
BIOlife
tonos,
The
strain.]
ratio
biplicate (bip'likat)
plicare, to fold.]
bipalmate (blpal'mat) a.
[L. bis,
twice
palma, palm of the hand.]
;
Lobed with
(bot.).
a.
Having two
folds.
n.
bipocillus (bl'pbsil'us)
[L. bis,
twice ; pocillum, a little cup.]
microsclere with curved shaft and
cup-shaped
(bot.).
bipaleolate (blpal'eolat) a.
[L. bis,
twice ; palea, chaff.]
Furnished
with two small paleae (bot.).
expansion at
each end
(zool.).
bipolar (blpo'lar)
a.
twice
[L. bis,
nerve
cells (anat.).
bipolarity (bl'polaYrti) n.
[L. bis,
twice
Gk. polos, pivot.]
The
condition of having two polar processes
the condition of having
two distinct poles, as the vegetative
;
biparietal (bl'parl'gtal) a.
[L. bis,
twice
paries, wall.]
Linking up
or connected with the two parietal
;
parere,
young
to beget.]
Having
at a time (zool.).
two
muscles (anat.).
bipetalous (blpet'alus) a.
twice Gk.petalon, leaf.]
;
[L.
bis,
With two
(bot.).
bands
growing
in
Having
pairs on paired
(bot.).
divide/]
biserial (blse'rlal) a.
series.]
series,
Arranged
in
two
rows.
biserrate (biser'at) a. [L. bis, twice
serra, saw.]
Having marginal teeth
which are themselves notched (bot.).
;
(blsek'sual, blsek'shual) a.
[L. bis, twice ; sexus, sex.]
Having
bipinnatlpartite
(bi'pinat'ipartlt) a.
twice
[L.
bis,
pinna, feather
partiri,
(zool.).
organs (biol.).
bistephanic (bl'stefan'lk) a. [L. bis,
twice
Gk.
crown.]
Stephanos,
Joining the two points where the
coronal suture crosses the superior
matodes
stems
(bot.).
to
leaflets
biramous, biramose.
birostrate (blros'trat) a.
bis,
[L.
twice
rostrum, beak.] Furnished
with two beak-like processes.
birth pore,
the uterine pore of
Trematodes and Cestodes ; the
birth-opening of the rediae of Tre-
bisexual
of cilia (zool.).
a.
tions.
bipinnaria (bipina'ria) n.
[L. bis,
twice pinna, feather.] An asteroid larva with pre-oral and post-oral
bipinnate (blpln'at)
pinna, feather.]
in an egg (biol.).
biramose (blra'm5s) a. [L. bis, twice
ramus, branch.] Divided into two
branches.
petals
eminences (anat.).
biparous (bip'arus) a.
Bipinnatifid,
BIT-
33
arranged
in
two layers
(bot.).
(zool.).
bitemporal
twice
(bite"m'p6ral) a.
[L. bis,
temporary.]
teinporalis,
a
Appl. the two temporal bones
line joining the posterior ends of the
two zygomatic processes (attaf.).
biternate (blteVnat) a. [L. bis, twice
Ternate
terni, three by three.]
with each division itself again
blastos,
the pericarp
With two
(bot.}
oil
re-
bivium
(blv'lum) n.
[L. bis, twice ;
Generally the posterior
via, way.]
in certain
ambulacral
areas
of
pair
bag.]
membranous sac
filled
(bot., zool.}.
of
the
leaf
of grasses
(bot.}.
blastaea (blaste'a) n.
[Gk. blastos,
bud.] A planaea or ciliated planula,
a hypothetical stage in evolution
(biol}.
blastelasma (blas'tglaz'ma)
n.,
blastel-
asmata
(blas'teiaz'mata) plu.
[Gk.
;
elasma, plate.] Any
layer formed after the forma-
blastos,
germ
bud
and hypoblast
(etnb.}.
blastema (blaste'ma)
n.,
blastemata
(blaste'mata) plu.
[Gk. blastema,
bud.] The formative substance in
the primordium of an
an egg
organ (etnb.}; the thallus of a lichen
;
(bot}.
De-
band.]
[Gk.
surrounded by
(bot.}.
individual
reproductive
a.
ceptacles
still
(bot.}.
vitta,
bud; karpos,
veloping while
ternate
a.
fruit.]
blastocarpous (blas'tokar'pus)
flat
BLA-
34
BIT-
Medusae
bud
blastocoel, or
[Gk. blastos,
The
chylos, juice.]
some
in
(zool.}.
blastochyle (blas'tokll) n.
fluid in
segmentation-cavity
(zool.}.
blastocoel (blas'tosel)
bud
n.
koilos, hollow.]
[Gk. blastos,
The segmentaovum
tion-cavity of a developing
(emb.}.
blastocolla
blastos,
bud
n.
(blas'tokol'a)
; kolla, glue.]
[Gk.
A gummy
vesicle (emb.}.
blastoderm (blas'toderm)
blastos,
bud
derma,
n.
[Gk.
skin.]
The
[Gk. blastos,
The germinal
diskos, disk.]
area of a developing ovum (emb.}.
blastogenesis (blas'tqjen'esls) n. [Gk.
bud
blastos,
bud
Gem-
genesis, birth.]
blastogenic
blastos,
(blas'tqjen'ik)
bud
genos,
a.
[Gk.
offspring.]
One
of
primary
bud \pherein,
to bear.] Embryonic
in
origin of plumule (bot.}
Alcypnaria the reproductive body, giving
rise usually to buds ; the central
part of the spermocyte mass in
;
bud
gastrula
(blas'tosfer)
bud
n.
[Gk.
The
blastos,
sphatra, globe.]
blastula, a hollow ball of cells (emb.}.
blastostyle (blas'tostll) n. [Gk. blastos,
bud stylos, pillar.] In Hydrozoa,
a columniform zooid with mouth
and tentacles, or with mouth and
tentacles absent, bearing gono;
(zool.}.
blastossooid
(blas'tozo'oid)
bud
blastos,
zoon, animal
[Gk.
thick (emb.}.
blastulatlon (blas'tula'shun)
blastula, little bud.]
blastulae (emb.}.
eidos,
bud in
n.
[L.
Formation of
exudation of
bleeding of plants,
watery sap from vessels at a cut
surface, due to root-pressure (bot.}.
blended inheritance, mixed race or
descent.
n.
[A.S. blanhybrid.
blepharoblast (bleTaroblast) n. [Gk.
blepharon, eye-lid ; blastos, bud.]
See blepharoplast.
blendling (blgn'dlmg)
A centrosome
which
is in relation
organ, as to the
of
flagellum
flagellates (zool.}.
blight (bllt) n. [A.S. blaecan, to grow
pale.]
disease-producing insect
or fungus ; a plant disease (bot.}.
blind spot, the region of the retina
of the eye where the optic nerve
enters (anat.}.
blister (blis'tgr) n. [A.S. blotvan, to
subcutaneous bubble or
blow.]
bladder filled with fluid ; a plant
to a
motor
cell
disease.
blood (blud)
The
n.
somewhat
at first
cytes
(phys.}.
crystals,
crystals of haemohaemin, or haematoidin,
which form when blood is shaken
up with chloroform or ether (phys.}.
blood dust, the form in which fat is
seen in blood cells, by means of
[A.S. blod,
globin,
blood
A larval
resemblance.]
case of precocious budding in
Ascidians (zool.}.
blastula (blas'tula) n. [L. dim. of Gk.
A hollow globe of
blastos, bud.]
cells, with wall usually one layer
dan, to mix.]
blood cells,
derived by mitosis
from the ordinary mesoderm cells,
cells
blood
(etnb.}.
blastosphere
phores
BON-
35
blood.]
vascular
blood platelets,
colourless bodies
about one-third the size of the red
corpuscles, and nucleated when the
red corpuscles are nucleated (phys.}.
blood plates, minuteamoeboid protoplasmic bodies found in the blood,
each with a small nuclear-like
structure (phys.}.
(anat.}.
bloom,
the
layer
(zool.}.
blue timber,
body
(bot.}.
blight,
trees (bot.}.
body cavity,
or
development
(anat.}.
lie
is
it
and
enterocoelic
is
L
in
bone (bon) n.
Con-
BRA-
booted (boot'ed)
a.
unthickened (bot).
a.
bosselated
[M.E.
(bos'elated)
Covered with knobs,
bosse, knob.]
as some mollusc shells (zool.}.
bosset (bos'gt) n. [M.E. bosse, knob.]
The beginning of horn formation
in deer in the first year (zool.).
bostryx (bos'tricks) n. [Gk. bostrychos,
A cymose inflorescence with
curl.]
blooms on only one side of the axis
a.
(brak'at)
[L.
braccae,
birds
having
breeches.]
Appl.
additional feathers on legs or feet
(zool).
brachelytrous (brakel'itrus)
short
short
brachys,
Having
a.
[Gk.
wing.]
elytron,
or
elytra,
wing
covers (zool).
brachial (bra'kial) a. [L. brachium,
Pert, arm, arm-like.
arm.]
brachiate (bra'klat) a. [L. brachium,
Branched
arm.]
having opposite
paired branches on alternate sides
;
(bot).
brachiferous (brakif'erus) a.
[L.
brachium, arm ferre, to carry.]
Branched.
brachigerous, brachiferous.
brachiocephalic (brak'iokefal'ik, -sef-)
a.
Gk. kephale,
[L. brachium, arm
;
head.] Pert,
artery (anat).
appl.
(bot.).
bothridium
[Gk.
(bothrld'ium) n.
muscular cupbothros, trench.]
scolex
of
from
shaped outgrowth
a phyllidium (zool.).
bothrium (both'rium) n. [Gk. bothros,
A
sucker
a sucking
trench.]
groove of Cestoids (zool).
botryoidal (bot'rioidal) a. [Gk. botrys,
bunch of grapes.] Appl. tissue of
branched canals surrounding the
enteric canal in leeches (zool).
botryose .(bot'rios) a.
[Gk. botrys,
bunch of grapes.] Racemose ; in
the form of a bunch of grapes
Cestoids
braccate
(bot.).
bouillon (boo'yong)
[F. bouillir,
to boil.] An infusion of beef for
the cultivation of germs (phys.).
Bowman's capsule, the vesicle of an
.
mucous membrane
(anat).
brachiorachidian (brak'Torakld'ian) a.
Gk. rhachis
[L. brachium, arm
;
brachycnemic (brak'ikne'mik) a.
[Gk.
short
kneme,
brachys,
tibia.]
Appl. arrangement of mesenteries
of Zoanthids
where the sixth
protocneme is imperfect (zool).
brachydont (brak'idont) a.
[Gk.
brachys, short odous, tooth.] Appl.
molar teeth with low crowns (zool).
brachyodont, brachydont.
brachyourous (brak'ioo'rus) a. Brach;
yural.
brachypleural
(brak'iploo'ral) a.
[Gk.
brachypodous
(brakip'b'dus) a.
[Gk.
brachypterous (brakip'tgrus)
a.
[Gk.
5TEPH
BRAbrachys, short pteron, wing.] With
short wings (zool.).
brachystomatous (brak'istom'atus) a.
;
stoma, mouth.]
appl. certain
insects {zool.}.
brachyural
(brak'fu'ral)
a.
[Gk.
below
crabs (zool.).
bract (brakt) n.
[L. bractea, thin
A floral leaf; a
plate of metal.]
modified leaf in whose axil a flower
arises (hot.)
a hydrophyllium in
Siphonophora the distal exite of
the
sixth
appendage of Apus
;
[Gk. brang-
Pert, gills.
chia, gills.]
branchiae.
bars
(zoo/.).
branchiate
a.
(brang'kiat)
brangchia,
[Gk.
Having
gills.]
gills
(zool.).
branchicolous (brangkik'olus)
brangchia,
gills
a.
Parasitic
branchiforra (brang'kiform)
brangchia, gills
L.
[Gk.
to in-
L. colere,
on fish gills
certain Crustaceans (zool.).
habit.]
a.
appl.
[Gk.
forma, shape.]
branchihyal (brang'klhfal)
a.
[Gk.
brangchia, gills hyoeides, Y-shaped.]
One of the elements of a branchial
;
arch (zool.).
branchiocardiac (brang'ktokar'diak) a.
[Gk. brangchia, gills kardia, heart.]
;
bracteate (brak'teat)
thin metal plate.]
a.
[L. bractea,
Having
bracts
(JWL).
bracted,
branchiae (brang'kiak) a.
branchial,
Gill-like (sool.).
(zool.\
bract scales,
directly
BRE-
37
branchiomere (brang'klomer) n.
bracteate.
bractelform (brakte'iform) a.
[L.
bractea, metal plate forma, shape.]
;
Bracteal.
[Gk.
meros, part.] A
brangchia, gills
branchial segment (zool., emb).
branchiopallial (brang'klopal'lal) a.
L. pallium,
[Gk. brangchia, gills
mantle.] Pert, gill and mantle of
;
Molluscs (zool.).
branchiostegal (brang'klos'tggal) a.
stege, roof.]
[Gk. brangchia, gills
With or pert, a gill cover appl.
;
membrane,
branchiostege
(brang'klostej') n.
stege,
brangchia, gills
The
branchiostegal
;
bracteole.
bractlet,
brain (bran) n. [M.E. brayne, brain.]
The centre of the nervous system
the mass of nervous matter in
vertebrates at the anterior end of
the spinal cord, lying in the skull
;
[Gk.
covering.]
membrane
(zool.).
branchiostegite (brang'klos'tgglt)
stege, roof.]
[Gk. brangchia, gills
.
The expanded
nerve (anai.).
branchia (brang'kia)
brand (brand)
burn.]
.,
branchiae
n.
[A.S. beornan, to
bregma
fore
part of head.]
That part of
meet
(anat.).
brevicaudate
(breVik&'dat)
;
cauda, tail.]
short tail (zool.).
brevifoliate
(breVifo'liat)
brews, short folium, leaf.]
short leaves (bot.).
brevis, short
a.
[L.
With a
[L.
Having
breviped (breVipe"d)
legs
a.
[L. brevis,
Having short
pes, foot.]
appl. certain birds (zool.).
(breVipfin'at) a.
penna, feather.]
brevipennate
brevis, short
short wings
(zool.).
[L.
With
(anat.).
brochidodromous (brok'idod'romus)
a.
bronchia (brong'kiS)
brongchos, tube.]
or branches of
n.
The
plu.
[Gk.
subdivisions
each
bronchus
(anat.).
bronchopulmonary (brong'kopuTmonarl) a.
lungs (anat.).
;
(anat.).
bronchovesicular
(zool.).
compacted
brown
funnels,
single
of
pair
and anteriorly
into
bryology (brlol'oji) n.
[Gk. bryon,
moss; logos, discourse.] The science
dealing with mosses (bot.).
bryophyte (bri'ofit) n. [Gk. bryon,
(bri'ozo'on) n.
bryozoon
moss
so
[Gk. bryon,
A Polyzoon,
moss-like appear-
zoon, animal.]
ance (zool.).
buccal (buk'al) a. [L. bucca, cheek.]
Belonging to the cheek or mouth
(anat.).
mouth
cavity
and
lips (anat.).
bronchotracheal (brong'kotra'keal) a.
L.
brongchos,
[Gk.
windpipe
Pert, bronchi
trachea, trachea.]
and trachea
plates
by overlapping
attached to the bases of the thoracic limbs in certain Crustacea
(zool.).
brevirostrate (breViros'trat) a.
[L.
brevis, short rostrum, beak.] With
short beak or bill, of birds (zool.).
brevissimus oculi, the obliquus inferior, the shortest muscle of the
eye
formed
brown body,
a.
BUL-
38
(brfing'kove'sik'ular)
a.
bronchi
.,
(brfing'kus)
(brong'kl, -ke) plu.
[Gk. brongchos,
bronchus
buccopharyngeal
(buk'ofaYinje'al,
[L. bucca, cheek ;
Pert, cheeks
throat.]
G\a.pharyngx,
-f&rin'jeal)
a.
bud.]
seen
in
many
primitive animals
(zool.).
bulb (bulb)
n.
[L.
bulbus,
globular
BULA
root]
(anat.}
CAE-
39
in
(zoo/.).
bursicule (buYsikiil)
bursa, purse.]
butyrinase
n.
[L. dim. of
small sac (zoo/.).
(bu'tlrinas) n.
[L. butyrutn,
An enzyme occurring in
blood serum (phys.}.
byssal (bls'al) a.
[Gk. byssos, fine
Pert, the byssus (zoo/.).
flax.]
byssus (bis'us) n. [Gk. byssos, fine
The tuft of strong filaments,
flax.]
secreted in a gland of certain bivalve Molluscs, by which they attach
themselves to one another and to
butter.]
bulbous (bul'bus)
a.
Like a bulb
developing
bulb having bulbs (oof.).
;
from a
bulbus
(bul'bus) n.
The
(anat.).
a.
[L. bulla, waterBlistered-like
puckered
bubble.]
like a savoy-cabbage leaf (oot.).
bullate (bool'at)
bunodont (bu'nodont)
a.
[Gk. bounos,
odous, tooth.]
Having
molar teeth with low conical cusps
mound
(zoo/.).
bunoid (bu'noid) a.
[Gk. bounos,
mound.]
Appl. cusps of cheekteeth, low and conical (zoo/.).
a.
bunolophodont (bu'nolof'6d6nt)
[Gk. bounos,
odous,
mound
tooth.]
lophos, crest
Between bunodont
and lophodont
cheek-teeth
in structure, appl.
(zoo!.).
bunoselenodont (bu'nosSle'nodSnt)
a.
bursa
bursa copulatrix,
a genital pouch
cachalots (kash'alot) n.
lote, the sperm whale.]
[Sp. cacha-
The sperm
whale (zoo/.).
cadophore (kad'ofor) n. [Gk. kados,
urn pherein, to bear.J A dorsal
;
in
process
the
of
certain
free-
(zoo/.).
caducibranchiate
(kadu'sibranglclat)
a.
caecum (se'kum) n.
from
Caenogaea
(se'nqje'a) n.
[Gk. kainos,
in
Caenozoic (senozo'ik)
a.
[Gk. kainos,
the geological era from Mesozoic to recent
times ; also Calnozolc.
recent
zoe,
life.]
caespitose (seVpTtos)
Pert,
a.
[L. caexpus.
CAL-
CAL-
40
Pert,
turf;
having
closely matted stems (bot).
turf.]
calamistrum (karamis'trum)
n.
low,
project
(bot., zool.).
[L.
A
calamistrum, a curling iron.]
comb-like structure on the hind
limbs of certain spiders (zool.).
calamus (kal'amus) n. [L. calamus,
a reed.J The quill of a feather
callus (kal'us)
n.
(bot.).
(zool).
calcaneum (kalka'neum)
The
n.
[L. calx,
a large bone in
heel.]
the tarsus which forms the heel and
represents the fibulare in lower
a process on the metaforms
heel
caloricity
to
n.
(kalb'rls'iti)
be
In
warm.]
projects vertically
upwards
The dome or
bald.]
of the skull (anat.).
(kalka'reus) a.
Growing
limy.]
[L.
on
carius,
derived from decomposition of
careous rocks (hot.).
calcariform (kalkar'iform)
a spur ; forma,
calcar,
lime
[L.
shape.]
[L. calx,
Containing
Abnormal
n,
anthemon, a
development
(bot.,
zool).
calyculus, a
little calyx.]
An epicalyx (bot) ;
any of the cup-shaped cavities in
a coral ; a theca in a Hydroid
calycle
(kalslfika'shun) n.
[L.
The
facere, to make.]
deposition of lime salts in a tissue
;
(kal'ikl)
n.
[L.
(zool).
(biol.).
a.
calyptoblastic
(kalip'toblas'tik)
[Gk. kalyptos, hidden
blastos, a
bud.] Pert. Hydroids in which the
reproductive persons or gonophores
are enclosed in a gonotheca (zool)
;
calyptobranchiate (kalTp'tobrang'klat)
a.
[Gk. kalyptos, hidden brangchia,
With gills not visible from
gills.]
;
calicle,
see calycle.
callosal
(kalo'sal)
a.
Pert, the
[L.
callosus,
corpus callosum
(anat.).
a.
calcification
hard.]
(kal'ikan'themi)
petals (bot).
calyciflorous (kal'isiflo'rus) a.
[L.
calyx, a calyx flos, a flower.] Appl.
flowers in which stamens and petals
are adnate to the calyx (bot).
cal-
(biol).
calx, lime
[L. calvus,
upper portion
(anat.).
a.
(zool).
soil
Spur-like.
calclferous (kalsif'erus)
lime ; ferre, to carry.]
n.
cal-
minor
calycanthemy
flower.]
(awl.).
calcareous
the
calere,
calvarium (kalva'rium)
[L.
animals,
hardness.]
[L. cal-
Hardened and
the exterior
(zool.).
(kalip'tra) n.
calyptra
[Gk. kalyptra,
a covering.] The cap-like remains
of the archegonium found surrounding the apex of the capsule in mosses
(bot.).
calyptrogen
(kaltp'trojen)
n.
[Gk,
CAL
genesis, birth.]
kalyptra, a cap
The special layer of cells lying
at the apex of a growing root and
;
calyx
cambiform (kam'biform) a.
[L.
cambium, change forma, shape.]
;
Essentially
similar
cambium
to
cells (dot.).
cambium (bot.}.
cambium (kam'bium) n. [L. cambium,
The soft tissue from
change.]
which new root and bark are
formed in the stems and roots of
shrubs and trees (bot.}.
Cambrian (kam'brTan) a. [L. Cambria,
Wales.] Pert, the earliest division
of the Palaeozoic era (pal,}.
cameration
(kamfira'shun) n.
[L.
Division into
cameratio, vaulting.]
alargenumberof separate chambers
(zool.}.
camerostome (kam'grostom') n.
a chamber
camera,
stoma,
;
[L.
Trogulidae
n.
(kanalik'ulus)
[L.
a
small
channel.]
Canaliculi (ptu.) are small canals
connecting the lacunae with one
another or with the Haversian
canals in bone ; small channels
for the passage of nerves through
various bones (anat.}.
canaliculus,
cambiogenetic (kam'bioje'ne't'ik) a.
cambium, change
genesis,
[L.
birth.]
Appl. cells which produce
mouth.]
CAP-
41
hood
"
of certain
(zool.}.
camptodrome (kamp'todrom)
a.
[Gk.
kampios, flexible dromos, a course.]
Pert, leaf venation in which the
secondary veins bend forward and
anastomose before reaching the
;
margin (bot.}.
campylospermous (kam'pilospeYmus)
a.
[Gk. kampylos, curved sperma,
a seed.] Appl. seeds with a groove
along the inner face (bot.}.
;
(biol., anat.}.
cancellous
cellosus,
of
a.
(kan'sglus)
chambered.]
[L.
which join
structure
appl.
spongy, portion
can-
Consisting
fibres and
to form a
slender
lamellae,
reticular
(anat.}.
cancrisocial (kang'kriso'shal) a.
[L.
socius, an ally.]
cancer, a crab
Appl. animals which live on the
shell of, or are commensal with,
a crab (zool.}.
;
n.
[L. cants,
(anat., zool.}.
bon) n.
[L.
canna, a reed.] The bone supporting the limb from hock to fetlock,
the enlarged and fused metacarpals
or metatarsals
in birds the tarso;
metatarsus
(zool.}.
canthus (kan'thus)
n.
[Gk. kanthelia,
a pack-saddle.]
capillary (kaptrari)
hair.]
Minute
a.
[L. capillus,
hair-like ; n. one
campylotropous (kam'pilot'ropus) a.
[Gk. kampylos, curved
trope, a
Pert, ovules in which
turning.]
the nucellus and embryo-sac are
(bot.}.
capitate (kap'itat)
a.
CAPhead.]
Enlarged or swollen at
the tip (zool.) ; gathered together
into a mass at the apex, as in some
inflorescences (dot.).
capitellum (kap'iteTum)
n.
[L. caput,
articulatory protuberance at the end of a bone,
e.g. on the humerus for the articulation of the radius (anat.).
the
An
head.]
capitulum (kaplt'ulum)
the head.]
n.
[L. caput,
knob-like swelling
at the
sur-
box.]
sac-like membrane
either the whole or a
enclosing
any
part of an organ (anat., zool.)
closed box-like vessel containing
;
(dot.).
Head
[S p. carapacho,
shield covering the
covering.]
whole or part of the back of certain
animals, it may be chitinous or
measures, or
a.
[L.
Pert.
ferre, to carry.]
period of the coal
fossils
found
in these
strata (pal.).
(kar'sinol'ojl) n.
[Gk.
karkinos, a crab ; logos, discourse.]
The study of the group of animals
known as Crustacea (zool.).
cardiac (kaYdiak) a. [Gk. kardia, the
Pert, near or supplying
heart.]
the heart ; appl. sinus, artery, etc.
carcinology
(anat.).
cardinal
(zool.).
keel.]
n.
[L. carina,
keel-like ridge
on certain
(dwl.).
(zool.).
(dial.).
(phys.).
bony
cardo, coal
the entire
suliferous.
caput (kap'ut)
carboniferous (kar'bonif'e'rus)
CAR-
42
shaped
(dial.).
carnassial (karnas'ial) a.
[L. caro,
Pert, cutting teeth of carniflesh.]
vores, the fourth premolar above
and the first molar below, in the
upper the protocone is reduced, in
the lower the metaconid (zool.).
carnivorous (karniv'orus)
a.
[L. caro,
CAR.
certain plants which feed on the
proteids of entrapped insects (dot.}.
carotid (karSt'Id) a. [Gk. karos, heavy
Pert, the chief arteries in
sleep.]
the neck (anat., zool.).
carpale (karpal'a, karpa'le) n.
[L.
carpus, wrist.] One of the bones
of the wrist (anat.).
carpels (kar'pglz) n.plu. [Gk. karpos,
The modified leaves which
fruit.]
carry the megasporangia (bot.).
carpocerite (karp5s'6rit) n. [L. carpus,
wrist
Gk. keras, horn.] The fifth
joint of the antenna in certain
;
Crustaceans
a.
(karpoj'finus)
[Gk.
genos, birth.] Appl.
those cells in red Algae which form
karpos, fruit
(hot.).
carpolith (kar'pollth) n.
[Gk. karpos,
lithos, stone.]
fossil fruit
(bot.).
carpometacarpus (kar'pome'takar'pus)
n.
Gk. meta,
[L. carpus, wrist
The portion of the wing
after.]
skeleton of a bird formed by the
fusion of the carpal and metacarpal bones (zool.).
carpophagous (karpof'agus) a. [Gk.
;
karpos,
fruit
to
phagein,
eat.]
carpophyte
(kar'poflt) n.
phyton, a plant.]
Thallophytes as form
fruit
[Gk. karpos,
Such of the
sporocarps
(hot.).
carpopodite
n.
(karpop'odlt)
[L.
carpus, wrist ; Gk. pous, a foot.]
The third joint in the walking leg
of certain Crustaceans (zool.).
carposperm (kar'pospeYm)
karpos, fruit
oosphere
in
n.
[Gk.
sperma, a seed.] The
certain Thallophytes
anggeion, a
carpogonium
in
some Thallophytes
(bot.).
carpospore
n.
(kar'pospor)
[Gk.
karpos, fruit
scores, seed.]
spore of those formed at the end
of the filaments which are developed
from the carpogonium (bot.).
carpus (kar'pus)
The
wrist
n.
[L. carpus, wrist.]
the region of the fore-
(kar'tilaj) n.
[L. cartilage,
Gristle
a translucent,
bluish-white tissue, firm and at the
same time elastic, found for the
;
most part
and on
certain caterpillars
birds,
a little horny elevation at the end
of the beak of embryo chicks ; the
sucking-disc on the tarsi of certain
mites (zool.)-, one of outgrowths from
various regions of the testa of a
seed, arising after fertilization (bof.).
;
castrate (kas'trat)
see kata-.
catalysis (katal'fsTs)
[Gk. kata,
The
down
a
loosing.]
lysis,
acceleration or retardation of a
reaction due" to the presence of a
cata-,
carposporangium (kir'posporSn'jTum)
n.
[Gk. karpos, fruit
spares, a
seed
cartilage.]
(zool.).
carpogenous
fruit
CAT-
43
vessel.]
The
unchanged,
cataphyllary
enzymes
e.g.
(kat'afil'ari)
a.
[Gk.
etc. (dot.).
a.
[L. catena, a
catenpid (kat'enoid)
Chain-like
chain.]
appl. certain
colonies
(zool.).
protozoan
catenulate (katSn'ulat) a. [L. catena,
a chain.] Chain-like appl. colonies
of bacteria, colour-markings on
;
caterpillar
cattus, a
L. pilosus,
insects (zool.).
catkin (kat'kin)
[L.L.
hairy.]
larva of
many
[A.S. catkin, a
kind of spike with
n.
little cat]
A
unisexual flowers
rachis (bot.).
n.
(kat'erpll'ar)
cat
and pendulous
(ko'da) n.
posterior part
equina,
cauda
(anat.)
of the
of an
e.g.
the
of certain insects
presence of an
(ko'dal) a.
suggesting
eleventh segment
caudal
organ,
cauda epididymis
a tube at the posterior end
abdomen
Of or pert, a
terminal
fin
(zool.).
caudal
tail, e.g.
of a fish
fin,
the
(sool.).
caudate (ko'dat)
a.
[L. cauda, a tail.]
Having a tail, e.g. caudate nucleus,
a mass of gray matter in the corpus
striatum (anat.).
caudatolenticular (koda'tolgntik'ular)
a.
lens, a lentil.]
[L. cauda, a tail
Appl. the caudate and lenticular
nuclei of the corpus striatum (anat.).
caudex (ko'dSks) n. [L. caudex, a
dry stump.] The axis or stem of
a woody plant (bot.).
caudicle (k6'dikl) n. [Dim. of L.
cauda, a tail] The stalks of the
pollinia in orchids (bot.).
caul (k61) n. [M.E. calle, a covering.]
An enclosing membrane (anat.).
caulescent (kolfis'Snt) a. [L. caulis,
a stalk.] With leaf-bearing stem
;
above ground
a stalk
a.
[L. caulis,
colere, to inhabit.]
Appl.
(bot.).
cauliform (k61'If6rm)
a.
forma, shape.]
cauligenous
[L. caulis,
(kolij'enus)
a stem
Borne on the stem
kattlos,
Stem-like
a.
[Gk.
genos,
birth.]
(bot.).
(bot.).
cavernosus
(bot.).
(kav'erno'sus)
a.
[L.
Full of
cavernosus, chambered.]
cavities
hollow, or resembling a
hollow appl. tissue, nerve, arteries
;
(anat.).
cavicorn (kav'ikorn) a.
[L. cavus,
Hollowhollow
cornu, horn.]
certain
of
the
horned
appl.
ruminants (zool.).
cavity (kav'iti) n. [L. cavus, hollow.]
A hollow, enclosed or cup-shaped
e.g. amniotic, glenoid cavity (anat.).
cavum (ka'vum) n. [L. cavus, hollow.]
The lower division of the concha
caused by the origin of the helix
any hollow or chamber in which an
;
cell
petere,
towards a
to
seek.]
Moving
cell (phys.).
the derivation of a
lineage,
tissue or part from a definite blastomere of the embryo (biol.).
cell membrane,- a membranous cellwall (biol.).
cell organ,
a part of a cell having a
special function, as a centrosome
cell
(biol.).
(bot.).
caulicolous (k61ik'olus)
stalk
(bot.).
(biol.).
kata,
cauda
CEL-
44
CELcellular (sefular) a.
[L. cellula, a
small cell.] Pert, or consisting of
cells (biol.).
cellulose
(seTulos)
[L. cellula,
carbohydrate formcell.]
ing the main part of the cell walls
of plants, also found in the tests of
tunicates (biol.).
the investing portion of
cell-wall,
small
cell,
which
may be extremely
may be strong and
delicate, or
thick as in plants (cyt.).
(sement') n. [L. caementum,
substance chemically
mortar.]
and physically allied to bone, inthe
vesting
root, neck, and crowns
of teeth (zool.).
censer mechanism, the method of
seed distribution by which seeds
are jerked out from the fruit only
cement
centric (sen'trik)
cylindrical or terete
(hot,},
a.
centrifugal
(sgntrif'ugal)
centrum, a centre ; fugere, to
AppL
compact
[L.
flee.]
inflor-
cymose
escences
having the
youngest
flowers towards the outside (dot.)
appl. nerves transmitting impressions from nerve centre to parts
supplied by nerve (anat.).
;
centripetal
(sgntrip'gtal)
centre
a.
petere,
[L.
to
racemose
inflorAppl.
escences
the
having
youngest
seek.]
flowers at the
apex
(dot.)
appl.
transmitting
impressions
from peripheral extremities to
nerve centres (ana/.).
blind
canals,
canals
Trachomedusae
somes
(cyt.).
centrodorsal (sfin'trodor'sal) a.
[L.
centrum, a centre dorsum, a back.]
Appl. the plate in the middle of the
aboral surface of unstalked Crinoids
;
(zool.).
centrogenous (sentrqj'enus)
a.
[Gk.
outwards
(zool.).
centrolecithal
[Gk.
a.
(sen'trolgs'ithal)
;
lekithos,
kentron, a centre
yolk.]
yolk
ovum
Appl. an
aggregated
with its
the centre
in
dynamic
in
activity
mitosis, and
and attrac-
consisting of centriole
tion-sphere (cyt.).
centrosphere
(sgn'trosfer)
n.
[Gk.
centrum
(sen'trum) n.
[L. centrum,
cephalanthium
n.
(ket'alan'thium, sef-)
;
anthos,
a flower.]
The capitulum
posite plants
(cyt.).
centripetal
centrum,
nerves
CEP-
45
in
com-
n.
[Gk.
(&?/.).
cephaletron (kgf'aletron,
sfif-)
head region.
cephalia
(kgf'alis,
sgf-)
[Gk.
CEPkephale,
CER-
46
the
The
head.]
upper-
Arthropods
(zool.).
A
cere (ser) n.
[L. cera, wax.]
swollen fleshy patch at the proximal
end of the bill in birds, on which
the nostrils open.
cerebellar (ser'ebeTar)a. [L. cerebrum,
Pert, the hind-brain
the brain.]
(anat.).
cerebellum
n.
(ser'ebeTum)
[L.
cerebrum, the brain.] The fourth
division of the brain arising from
the differentiation of the anterior
part of the third primary vesicle
region (zool.).
cephalostegite (kef'alosteg'it, s6f-) n.
[Gk. kephale, head ; siege, roof.]
The anterior part of the cephalo-
(zool.).
cephalopoda
(kgf'alopodz, sef-) n.
thoracic shield
plu.
pous, the
muscular,
(zool.).
cephalostyle (kefalostll,
s6f-) n.
[Gk.
in the
pupa
cephalothorax (kef'alotho'raks,
s6f-)
of insects
n.
[Gk.
(zool.).
kephale,
head
thorax,
(zool.).
sSf-) n.
trochos, a
[Gk. kephale, head ;
Turbellarian larva with
wheel.]
eight processes arranged round
the mouth (zool.).
cerata (keYata, sera'ta) n. plu. [Gk.
Lobes or leaf-like
keras, horn.]
processes acting as gills on the
back of nudibranch molluscs (zool.).
n.
slightly
long
cercl
heart-shaped
body
and
tail (zool.).
(ser'ke,
seYsl)
n.
plu.
[Gk.
(anat.).
cerebral hemispheres.
cerebrifugal (ser'ebrifu'gal) a.
[L.
cerebrum, the brain ; fugere, to
Appl. nerve
from brain to
flee.]
pass
fibres
which
cord
spinal
(Phys.).
cerebroganglion (ser'ebrogang'glion)
Gk.
n.
[L. cerebrum, the brain
;
cerebrum (ser'ebrum) n.
[L. cerebrum,
fore-brain, or
from
the
arising
differentiation of the first primary
vesicle (zool.).
the
The
brain.]
hemispheres,
ceriferous
wax
(serlferus)
a.
[L.
cera,
ointment.]
The
cere of birds
(zool.).
CERcerous
Appl.
cere
CHEa.
(se'nis)
cera,
[L.
a structure
wax.]
resembling
cera,
[L.
secretion
glands of
n.
(seYviks)
[L.
cervix,
The neck
or narrow mouth
neck.]
of an organ, as cervix uteri (anat.).
chaeta (ke'ta) n. [Gk. chaite, hair.]
seta or bristle of certain worms
(zool.).
chaetiferous
hair
chaite,
(ketlffirus)
L. ferre,
Bristle-bearing
a.
[Gk.
to
bear.]
chaetigerous.
chaetophorous (ketof'orus)
a.
[Gk.
hair
pherein, to bear.]
Bristle-bearing
appl. worms and
certain insects (zool.).
chaite,
chaetotaxy
hair
[Gk.
arrangement.]
bristle-patterns on an insect
chaite,
The
n.
(ke'totak'sl)
;
taxis,
(zool.).
chalaza
(kala'za)
n.
[Gk. chalaza,
hail,
tubercle.]
spiral
(zool.)
n.
[Gk.
phyton, a plant.]
(kaz'mofit)
chasma, opening
(zool.).
cerumen (sgroo'mgn)
The wax-like
wax.]
chasmophyte
cheek (chek)
(zool., anat.).
cheiropterygiuin
[Gk.
cheir,
(klrSptSrlj'Ium)
typical limb of
higher vertebrates.
chela (ke'la) n.
[Gk. chele, claw.]
The claw borne on certain limbs of
Crustaceans and Arachnids (zool.).
chelicerae (kelis'gre, -ra) n. plu. [Gk.
Anterior
chele, claw keras, horn.]
;
cheliforin
claw
appl.
(ke'liform) a.
L. forma, shape.]
appendages
[Gk. chele,
Claw-like
;
(zool.).
[Gk.
The
first
pair
Pycnogons
chemoreflex
of appendages
in
(kgm'ore'flgks) n.
[Gk.
chemos, juice ; L. reflectere, to bend
back.] A reflex caused by chemical
stimulus (phys.).
chemosynthesis (kSm'osin'thgsis)
chemotaxis
cell (anat.).
chalones (kal'onz)
n. plu.
[Gk. chali-
which
Substances
curb.]
depress activity (phys.).
channelled (chan'gld) a. [L. canalis,
a canal.] Having grooves ; canaliculate (bot.).
nos,
chasmogamy (kazmog'amT)
n.
[Gk.
chasma, opening gamos, marriage.]
The opening of a mature flower to
ensure fertilization (bot.).
;
the
(zool.).
n.
The pentadactyloid
chemos,
[Gk.
juice
place.]
syn,
n.
with
The building
up of chemical compounds in plants
means
of
chemical
reactions
by
tithenai,
to
(bot.).
.
(kgm'otak'sis)
[Gk.
chemos, juice ; taxis, arrangement.]
The sensitiveness of cells or microorganisms to chemical stimulus,
which is either attractive or repel-
lent,
chiasma (klaz'ma)
to
mark with a
tion, as optic
n.
[Gk. chiazein,
A decussa-
cross.]
chiasma
Limulus
chilidium
(zool.).
(killd'lum) n.
[Gk. cheilos,
(zool.).
mys, a
[Gk. chla(klam'idat) a.
cloak.]
Supplied with a
mantle
(zool.).
chlamydate
chlamys, a cloak.]
envelope
a.
[Gk.
Pert, flower and
(bot.).
A
sporos, seed.]
chlamys, cloak
thick-walled resting spore found in
as
yeast (bof.).
many Fungi,
;
leaves back to
version
ordinary green leaves (bot.).
chlorophyll (klo'rofil) n. [Gk. chloros,
grass green ; phyllon, a leaf.] The
of floral
n.
(klo'roplast)
[Gk.
plastos,
green
grass
chlorophyll-carrying
;
moulded.]
(bot.).
in plant-cells
n.
[Gk choane,
A cell with
a funnel-shaped rim or collar round
the base of the flagellum (zool.).
choanoid (ko'anoid) a. [Gk. choane,
funnel
Funneleidos,
like.]
shaped; appi.eye. muscle in Reptiles
funnel
kytos, hollow.]
(zool.).
choanosome
(ko'anosom) n.
[Gk.
In
choane, funnel
soma, body.]
the
inner
with
sponges,
layer
flagel;
choledoch (kol'edok)
;
dochos,
common
a.
[Gk. chole,
containing.]
Appl.
bile duct.
cholesterin (koles'terln) n.
[Gk. chole,
A white fatty
stereos, solid.]
alcohol found in nerve tissue, bile,
yolk, and other animal substances
bile
(phys.).
n.
[Gk. chole,
bile.]
plants
tion
C 6 H 16 O 2 N
cholochrome
chole, bile
(phys.).
(ko'lokrom)
chroma, colour.]
[Gk.
A bile
pigment (phys.).
cholohaematin (ko'lohe'matm) n. [Gk.
chole, bile
haima, blood.] A pigment developed in the bile of
ruminants after exposure to the air
;
(Phys.).
chondral (kon'dral)
cartilage.]
a.
[Gk. chondros,
chondrification (kon'driflka'shun) n.
L. facere,
[Gk. chondros, cartilage
;
ing (anat.).
choanocyte (ko'anoslt)
bile
chlamydeous (klamid'eus)
found
(bot.).
(zool.).
plastid
(anat.).
lip.]
CHO-
48
exposed
to light
to make.]
Conversion into
age (phys.).
chondrigen (kon'drijen) n.
cartil-
[Gk.
chondros, cartilage genos, descent.]
The base matrix of all cartilaginous
substance, a collagen (phys.).
;
CHOchondrin (kon'drin)
n.
[Gk. chondros,
cartilage.] A gelatinous substance
obtained from cartilage (phys.}.
chondriosomes (kondrlosomz ) n. plu,
soma,
[Gk. chondros, cartilage
body.] Permanent feebly refractive
bodies found in cell protoplasm,
which are probably combinations
of fatty acids or of phosphate of
;
albumen
(biol.}.
chondroblast (kon'droblast)
n.
[Gk.
chondros, cartilage ; blastos, bud.]
cartilage-producing cell (phys.}.
chondroclast (kon'droklast) n. [Gk.
chondros, cartilage klastos, broken
cell which breaks up or
down.]
The
when
CHO-
49
manently as
skull
in
some
in
fishes (zoo!.,
(zool.}.
chordotonal (kor'doto'nal) a.
[Gk.
chorde, a string
tonos, a tone.]
Appl. rod-like or bristle-like struc;
in nature, in various
tures, auditory
parts of the body of insects (zool.}.
choriocapillaris (ko'riokapiraris, -kap'ila'rls) n.
[Gk. chorion, chorion L.
The innercapillaris, a capillary.]
most vascular layer of the choroid
coat of the eye (anat.}.
choroid.
chorioid,
chorion (ko'rlon) n. [Gk. chorion, a
;
An embryonic membrane
anat.).
skin.]
n.
(kon'drojgn'esis)
[Gk. chondros, cartilage ; genesis,
descent.] The production or formation of cartilage (phys.}.
external
to
amnion
(emb.}.
chondrogenesis
chondromucoid (kon'dromu'koid)
[Gk. chondros, cartilage
mucus Gk. eidos, form.]
L.
n.
mucus,
A whitish
in cartiln.
[Gk.
to
cartilage ; pherein,
structure which supports
bear.]
the inner hinge cartilage in a
bivalve shell (zoo/.).
chondros,
chondroskeleton (kon'droskel'e'ton)
n.
skeleton,
[Gk. chondros, cartilage
A cartilaginous
dried body.]
skeleton (zool.}.
;
chondrosteous (kondros'teiis)
a.
[Gk.
osteon, bone.]
chondros, cartilage
Having a cartilaginous skeleton
;
(zool.}.
enclosing
the
(bot.}.
chondrosteriial
(kon'drosteYnal) a.
sternon,
[Gk. chondros, cartilage
the breast.]
Pert, rib cartilages
;
(zool.}.
n.
[Gk.
duplication
(ko'roid)
chorpid
skin
(bot.}.
a.
[Gk. chorion,
Appl. delicate
eidos, form.]
funnel.]
chorda (kor'da)
and
chorde^ a
choroidal (koroid'al)
skin
[Gk. chorion,
the
Pert,
(korol'qjl) n.
[Gk. choros,
choroid
chorology
(anat.}.
place
logos,
a.
form.]
eidos,
discourse.]
The
chromaffln
(kromafin)
L.
chroma, colour
a.
[Gk.
affinis,
re-
forming
the
cells
AppL
lated.]
staining reagents
(biol.).
CHR-
50
body,
the
axial
organ
of
Echinoderms (zool.).
chromatoid grains, readily stainable
certain
Disintegration and
final
disappearin injured
nerve-cells (phys.).
chromogen
n.
(kro'mojfin)
[Gk.
The
birth.]
plants which will de-
chromogenic (kro'mojgn'ik)
colour
chroma,
Colour - producing
;
isms, as bacteria
(bot.).
a.
[Gk.
genos,
birth.]
appl.
organ-
(bot.).
chromomere (kro'momer)
n.
[Gk.
chroma, colour meros, part.] One
of the chromatin granules of which
a chromosome is formed, and which
corresponds to an id (cyt.).
;
chromophanes (kro'mofanz)
n. plu.
[Gk. chroma, colour phainein, to
show.] Red, yellow, and green oil
globules found in the retina of
;
birds,
fishes,
reptiles,
and
mar-
supials (zool.).
a.
chromophil
(kro'mofil)
[Gk.
chroma, colour philein, to love.]
;
chroma, colour
Staining readily
a.
[Gk.
loving.]
philos,
(biol.).
chromophore
(kro'mofor) n.
[Gk.
chroma, colour pherein, to bear.]
substance
to
whose
Any
presence
colour in a compound
is
due
;
(Phys.).
chromatophore (kro'matofor)
n.
[Gk.
chromatoplasm
(kro'matd'plazm) n.
[Gk. chroma, colour ; plasma, someThe colour or
thing moulded.]
chromoplast (kro'moplast)
n.
[Gk.
chromoproteid
n.
(kro'mopro'teid)
[Gk. chroma, colour protos, first.]
;
karyokinesis (cyt.).
chrysalis (kris'alis) n. [Gk. chrysos,
The pupa stage of certain
gold.]
insects (zool.).
chrysocarpous (kris'okar'pus)
chrysos, gold
karpos,
a.
fruit.]
[Gk.
With
CHYa.
[Gk. chylos,
chyle-like nature ; pert,
chyle (phys.).
chyle (kil) n.
[Gk. chylos, juice.]
chylaceous (kila'shus)
Of a
juice.]
conducting
(phys.).
chyliflc (klllf'ik) a.
[Gk. chylos, juice ;
L. facere, to make.]
Chyle-prothe
true stomach of
ducing ; appl.
insects (zool.).
chylocaulous
chylos, juice
a.
(klldcol'us)
L. caulis, a
[Gk.
stem.]
With
a.
(kl'lofil'us)
n.
[Gk.
poiein, to produce.]
closes
tissue,
connective
newly - formed
tissue which
(anat.).
cicatrlcle
(sik'atrik'l),
cicatricula
n.
cicatrix, a
in bird
(sik'atrik'ula)
wound.]
and
[L.
The blastoderm
reptile
eggs (emb.)
a small
in plants (bot.).
cilium,
an
(bot.}
eyelashes (anaf.).
a.
(sil'lari)
[L. cilium, an
Pert, cilia ; appl. certain
structures in the eyeball (anaf.,
ciliary
wound.]
zoo/.}.
ciliate (sil'iat) a.
lid.]
Provided with
cilia (biol.}.
Rubiaceae (bot.).
cincinnus (sinsin'us) n. [Gk. kikinnos,
a curled lock.] A scorpioid cyme
(bot.).
cinclis (sing'klis) n.
[Gk. kingklis, a
latticed gate.]
Sing, of cinclides,
which see.
cingulate (sing'gulat) a.
[L. cin-
a
cicatrix,
which see.
[L.
ciliospore (sil'iospor) n.
[L. cilium,
an eyelid ; Gk. sporos, a seed.]
(kl'lopoie'sis)
;
(bot.).
[Gk.
a leaf.]
juice ; phyllon,
With fleshy leaves appl. certain
desert plants (bot.).
chylos, juice
alternately
The
chylos,
chylopoiesis
left
chylos,
chylophyllous
and
eyelid.]
a.
[Gk. chylos,
L. ferre, to carry.]
Chyle;
appl. tubes or vessels
CIN-
51
[L.
Cicatricle,
ciclnnal (slsm'al) a.
[Gk. kikinnos,
a curled lock.]
Appl. uniparous
in
which the
cymose branching
CIUcircinate (seVsmat)
a.
[Gk. kirkinos,
Rolled on the axis, so
circle.]
that the apex is the centre (bot.).
circulation (seVkula'shun) n.
[L.
The
circulatio^ act of circulating.]
movement of any
regular
within definite
body
movement
of
Any
fluid
channels in the
the streaming
protoplasm of
(anat., phys.)
the
[L. circulus, a
n.
arrangement
of blood-vessels caused by branching or connection with one another,
as circulus major of iris (anat.).
circumduction (ser'kumduk'shun) n.
ductus, led.]
[L. circum, around
The form of motion exhibited by
a bone describing a conical space
with the articular cavity as apex
circle.]
ringlike
phys).
circumferential (ser'kiimf eren'shal)
(artaf.,
a.
circumflex (seYkumfleks) a.
[L.
circum, around flectere, to bend.]
certain
Bending round
appl.
arteries, veins, nerves (anat.).
n.
circumfluence
(serkum'flooens)
[L. circum, around fluens, flowing.]
In Protozoa, the engulfing of food
by the protoplasm flowing round
;
it
enveloping
after
contact
(zool.).
circumnutation (ser'kumnuta'shun)
nutare,
[L. circum, around
;
n.
to
spiral
(bot.).
circumoesophageal
aje'al) a.
[L. circum,
the
(ser'kumesofaround ; Gk.
Appl.
oisophagos,
structures or organs surrounding
or passing along the gullet (zool.).
circumpolar (ser'kumpo'lar) a.
[L.
circum, around polus, end of axle.]
Appl. animals found at the Poles
gullet.]
(zool.).
circumscissile (stir'kumsis'il) a.
[L.
scindere, to cut.]
circum, around
the
form
of
dehiscence
Appl.
exhibited by a pyxidium (bot.).
;
circumvallation (ser'kumvala'shun) n.
vallare, to
[L. circum, around
;
wall.]
cirrose
cirri (zool.).
see cirrus,
(sires', sir'os) a.
With
lock.]
tendrils (bot.).
(sir'us)
having
[L. cirratus,
Having
ringlets.]
cirrus
and
CLA-
52
cirri
cirri
.,
a
with
[L. cirrus,
(zool.)
(str'l)
pltt.
Tendrils (bot.)
the appendages of barnacles ; the
filaments
the axis or of
of
jointed
the aboral surface of crinoids ; the
the respiratory
barbels of fishes
and tactile appendages of worms
the organs of copulation in some
molluscs and trematodes hairlike
structures on the appendages of
[L. cirrus, a lock.]
insects (zool.).
cladanthous (kladan'thCis) a.
[Gk.
anthos, a flower.]
klados, a sprout
terminal
Having
archegonia on
short lateral branches (bot.).
cladautoicous (klad'otoik'us) a. [Gk.
;
klados, a sprout
autos, self
With antheridia
house.]
special stalk (hot.).
oikos,
on
cladocarpous (klad'tikar'pus)
a.
[Gk.
a sprout
karpos, a fruit.]
Cladanthous, which see.
cladode (klad'od) n. [Gk. klados, a
klados,
sprout.]
axil of a
A branch arising
true
leaf,
from the
resembling a
of a
cladogenous (kladqj'enus) a.
[Gk.
klados, a sprout
genes, birth.]
Cladanthous, which see.
cladome (kladom') n. [Gk. klados, a
The group of superficially
sprout.]
;
which
see.
cladoptosis
klados, a
The
(klad'opto'sis)
sprout ; ptosis,
annual
shedding
[Gk.
falling.]
of twigs
tylote (zool.).
clasmatocyte (klazmat'oslt, klas'matosit) n.
[Gk. klasHia, a fragment ;
CLAA
(zoo/.)
or
tendrils
shoots (bot.).
clathrate (klath'rat)
off-
climbing
a.
[Gk. kleihra,
Lattice-like
lattice.]
claustrum
(biol.).
[L. claus-
(klos'triim) n.
In the cerebral
trum, a bar.]
hemispheres, a thin layer of grey
substance lateral to the external
nucleus^ (anat.).
clava (kla'va)
n.
lentiform
the
bounding
capsule,
The
clavate (klav'at)
;
clavicle (klav'lkl) n.
The
of
portion
anterior
shoulder
girdle
animals, ventral.
(anat.)
claviculariuin (klavik'ula'rium) n. [L.
The epiplastron of
clavis, a key.]
in
Chelonia, probably
corresponding
monactinal modification
one of the
spicule
on the
ciliated
spines
of a triaxon
minute
fascicles of
Spatangidae
(zool.)
the
n.
[L. clavus, a nail.]
part of an elytron lying next
the scutellum in Hemiptera
clavus (kla'vus)
The
to
(tool.).
claw
CLI-
53
cleavage nucleus,
fertilized
produced
egg,
(cyt.).
capsules
(bot.).
and produces
its
spores internally
(bot.).
cleithrum (klr'thrum)
n.
[Gk. klei-
in
the
"column" between the
anthers in Orchids (bot.).
clinidium (klinid'ium) n. [Gk. kline,
a bed.] A filament in a pycnidium
The
curved process
on
the
limbs of
insects (zool.).
clitellum (kliteTum) n.
[L. clitellae,
a pack-saddle.]
The saddle or
swollen glandular portion of the
skin of certain worms (zool.).
clitoris (klit'oris) n.
[Gk. kleiein, to
enclose.] An erectile organ, homowith
the
logous
penis, at the upper
cleavage
to
cut.]
(kle'vaj)
The
n.
[A.S. cleofan,
of karyo-
series
hill.]
CLO-
behind
oid,
dorsum
the
sellae
(anat.).
when
(bot.).
clypeal
a.
[L. clypeus, a
Pert, the clypeus of insects
(klip'eal)
shield.]
coc-
54
(zool.).
knfdopod)
(ni'dopod,
pous, a
part
in the
n.
foot.]
of
meso-
gloea (zool.).
cnidosac (nl'dosak, knfdosak)
[Gk.
L. saccus, a bag.]
knide, a nettle
A kidney-shaped swelling or battery,
often protected by a hood, found on
.
by chemical reaction
coagulin (koag'ulin) n.
(phys.).
[L. cogere, to
substance
capable of coagulating albuminous
substances (phys.).
drive
together.]
Any
coagulum (koag'ulum)
(bot.).
clypeus
(klip'eus)
shield.]
n.
clypeus,
[L.
shield on
the antero-
cnemls
[Gk.
(ne'mis, kne'mis) n.
The shin or
knemis, a legging.]
nettle.]
[Gk. knide, a
n.
striction (zool.).
Septicidal carpels
spore
of certain hepatics
rounded cells, as some
seed.]
(nl'dofor,
(hot.)
cells
bacteria
cnidoblast.
cnidophore
nected (biol.)
having abdomen
separated from thorax by a con-
mother
n.
[L. cogere,
to drive together.] Any coagulated
mass (phys.).
coarctate (koark'tat) a. [L. coarctare,
to press together.]
Closely con-
knfdofor) n.
pherein, to
(bact.).
(zool.).
COCcoccus (kok'us)
n.
[Gk. kokkos, a
Sing, of cocci, which see.
a.
coccygeal (k6ksfj'eal)
[Gk. kokkyx,
the cuckoo.] Pert, or in the region
of the coccyx (anat., zoo/.).
coccyx (kok'siks) n. [Gk. kokkyx, the
cuckoo.] The part of the vertebral
column beyond the sacrum.
seed.]
cochlea (kok'lea) n.
[Gk. kochlias,
A division of the ear
a snail.]
spirally coiled like a snail's shell
plate of
tube (anat.).
cochleate (kok'leat) a.
a snail.] Screw-like
cocoon (kokoon') n.
[Gk. kochlias,
and
Cephalopods
in
Annulates
in
(zoo/.).
coelomopores
(selo'moporz) n. plu.
hollow
a
koilos,
[Gk.
poros,
Ducts leading directly
passage.]
from the pericardial cavity of
Nautilus to the exterior (zoo/.).
;
coelomostome (selo'mostom)
n.
[Gk.
hollow stoma, mouth.] The
external opening of a coelomoduct
koilos,
(zoo/.).
coelenterate (selgn'tgrat) a.
[Gk.
enteron, intestine.]
koilos, hollow
Pert. Coelenterata (zoo/.).
coelenteron (se!6n't6r6n) n.
[Gk.
koilos, hollow
enteron, intestine.]
The cavity in the body of a Coelen;
terate (zoo/.).
nerves
arteries, veins,
coelosperm
n.
[Gk.
(se'lospgrm)
hollow
sperma, seed.] A
carpel, hollow on its inner surface
koilos,
(bot.).
coelozoic (se'lozolk) a.
[Gk. koilos,
hollow ; zoon, an animal.] Appl. a
trophozoite of a sporozoan when
situated in some cavity of the body
(zoo/.).
coenanthium (senan'thium)
(anat.).
a
[F. cocon,
The protective case of
shell.]
many larval forms before they become pupae the covering formed
by many animals for their eggs
(anat.).
coelom
n.
koilos,
(se'lom)
[Gk.
hollow.]
cavity of the body
derived from the mesoblast (emo.).
coelomate (se'lomat, selo'mat), see
coelomic.
(selom'ik)
hollow.] Pert, or
a.
[Gk. koilos,
having a coelom
(zoo/.).
coelomoduct (selo'modukt)
n.
[Gk.
[Gk.
margins
(bot.).
coral (zoo/.).
coenobium
n.
(senolaium)
common
fcoinos,
bios,
[Gk.
life.]
layer which
gives
(se'nosit) n.
body
[Gk. koinos,
coenoeclum
koinos,
separated by
(sene'shium)
common
The common
oikos,
common
gamete
nucleus
coenosarc
koinos,
cell
n.
[Gk.
a house.]
a
groundwork of
polyzoan colony
koinos,
(zoo/.).
A plant
kytos, a hollow.]
which the constituent proto-
common
in
the
to
origin
(zoo/.).
coenogamete (se'nogamet)
coeloinic
n.
coenocyte
(emb.).
The
the exterior
cavity to
genital
(*/.).
(anat.).
koilos,
COE-
55
n.
gamos,
[Gk.
union.]
with
(bot.}.
n.
(se'nosark)
sane,
tissue which
common
The common
[Gk.
flesh.]
unites
coenosteum
chyme
engchyma, infusion.] Parenchymatous tissue, with cells elongated and thickened at the angles
the middle layer of sponges
(bot.)
n.
glue
(zool.).
coenurus
(zool.).
in sponges (zool.}.
colleterium (ksrete'rfum) n.
[Gk.
A mucus-secreting
kolla, glue.]
gland in the female reproductive
system of insects (zool.}.
(zool.).
coherent (kohe'rSnt)
a.
[L. cohaerere,
With
stick together.]
similar
colleters
[L. cohaerere,
The condition
of union of the separate parts of a
to stick together.]
whorl
floral
kolla,
cohort (ko'hort)
n.
Used
[L. cohort, an
in earlier clas-
to
collateral
with
side
(kolat'eral) a.
latera,
sides.]
appl.
[L.
Side
colletocystophore (kole'tosist'ofor) n.
[Gk. kolla, glue kystis, a bladder
pherein, to bear.] The statorhab of
Haliclystus (zool.).
;
denote a somewhat
indefinitely limited group (bwl.).
coleopterous (kol'eop'tgrus) a. [Gk.
koleos, a sheath
pteron, a wing.]
Having the anterior wings hard
and used as elytra (zool.).
sifications
(kole'terz) n.
plu.
[Gk.
The hairs, usually
glue.]
(bot.}.
enclosure.]
(senu'riis) n.
[Gk. koinos,
common aura, a tail/] A metacestode with large bladder, from
the walls of which a very large
number of heads are formed
to
collenchyma
compound
[Gk.
koinos, common ; osteon, a bone.]
The common colonial skeleton in
corals
COL-
56
cum,
by
bundles, as collateral
colliculus (kollk'ulus) n.
[L. colliOne of the
culus, a little hill.]
prominences of the corpora quadrigemina a rounded elevation near
the apex of the antero-lateral surface
of the arytaenoid cartilage (anat.).
colloblast (kol'dblast) n. [Gk. kolla,.
cell on
blastos, a bud.]
glue
the tentacles and pinnae of Cteno;
which
(zool.}.
collum
(kfil'um)
Any
neck.]
(biol.)
the
n.
[L. collum, the
collar-like structure
basal
sporogonium
colon
in
portion of the
mosses
(bot.).
(ko'lon)
[Gk. kolon, the
colon.] The second portion of the
intestine of insects ; the part of the
large intestine stretching from its
junction with the small intestine to
the rectum
n.
(zool., anat.).
colony (kol'onl)
n.
[L.
colonia,
COL
columna (kolum'na)
columen, a column.] Any
(kol'um),
[L.
(bot.).
jaws
commissure
comose
hairs
columen, a column.]
n.
plu.
[L.
ossicles
Stem
a column.]
columna.
Pert,
[L. columen,
column
or
coma
comosus,
tuft of
(bot.).
compass (kom'pas)
n.
[L.
cum,
to-
curved
passus, a pace.]
bifid structure, part of Aristotle's
lantern (zool.).
;
a purely male
form, usually small, found living in
close proximity to the ordinary
complemental male,
hermaphrodite
form
certain
in
animals, as barnacles.
complexus (kompleVsus)
together
plectere,
n.
[L.
knit.]
to
cum,
An
of certain insects
(zool.).
(kfim'pllkat) a.
complicate
appl.
insect
wings
accompany the
sponges
cum,
Folded
[L.
composite (kom'poslt)
a.
[L.
cum,
Compositae
(oof.).
a.
[L.
cum,
leaves, eyes.
[L.
Small
which
principal spicules
compressor (komprgs'or)
n.
[L.
cum,
muscles
(anat.).
conarium (kona'rmm)
(zool.).
(komfin'sal) n.
;
appl.
leaves folded longitudinally so that
the right and left halves are in
contact (bot.).
(zool.)
compound (kom'pownd)
plates.
comes (ko'mez)
commensal
[L.
Furnished with a
in crinoids (zool.).
columnar (kSlum'nar) a.
panion.]
a.
(ko'mos)
columnals (kolum'nalz)
[L. cunt,
minarf, to threaten.]
which connect adjacent
muscles
gether
in
with
hairy.]
(ana/.).
column
CON-
57
n.
[Gk. konacone.]
Transparent
larva
of
Vellella
with red
deep-sea
rion,
little
endoderm
(zool.).
conchiolin
n.
(kfingkl'dlin)
[Gk.
a shell.]
The organic
substance that forms the basis of
the shells of molluscs.
kongche,
conchology
(kongk61'6jl) n.
[Gk.
kongche, a shell ; logos, discourse.]
The branch
CON-
58
crescere, to grow.]
cum, together
The growing together of parts (biol.}.
conducting (kSnduk'tlng) a.
[L.
Conconducere, to lead together.]
veying ; appl. tissues, bundles (bot.}.
conduction (kfinduk'shun) n.
[L.
;
conductivity (kSn'duktlv'ttl)
n.
[L.
remote (phys.}.
conduplicate (kondu'plikat)
conduplicare,
fold
a.
[L.
together.]
and
axis
woody
fertilization
(emb.}
cell
flask-shaped
spirally-
a conical or
of the retina
(anat.').
cone of origin,
at the
(anat.}.
occipital
bone
congeneric
(anat.}.
(kon'jeneYflc)
of
to
Belonging
a.
same
same
the
the
[L.
race.]
genus
(biol.}.
at birth (anat.}.
conical (kon'ikai)
[Gk. konos, a
a.
cone.] Cone-shaped
ventricle, etc. (biol.}.
conidial
appl. calyx,
a.
[Gk. konis,
Pert, a conidium.
dust.]
conidiiferous (kfinld'nfe'rus) a. [Gk.
L. ferre, to bear.]
konis, dust ;
Giving rise to conidia (bot.}.
(konid'ial)
conidiophore
konis, dust
with
congener,
to
(konid'iofor) n.
[Gk.
pherein, to bear.J
(bot.}.
conidium (kontd'ium)
n.
[Gk. konis,
fungal spore asexually
and
carried
produced
usually on
sterigmata (bot.}.
coniferous (kontf'e'rus) a. [Gk. konos,
a cone L. ferre, to bear.] Cone-
dust]
bearing (bot.}.
conjugation (kSn'jooga'shun)
n.
[L.
CONwith ; jugare, to
or
of two gametes
fusion
complete
or
unicellular
which
protists,
involves the fusion of their nuclei
or at least a nuclear exchange
cum,
together
yoke.]
(biol.).
conjunctiva (konjungktl'va) n.
cum, together jungere, to
;
[L.
join.]
stem (tot.).
connective (kongk'tiv) n.
[L. cum,
A
nectere, to bind.]
together
connecting band of nerve tissue
between two ganglia (zool.)
the
tissue separating the two lobes of
an anther (dot.).
connective tissue,
a mesoblastic
tissue with a large amount of
intercellular substance in which
fibres are developed (anat.).
connivent (konl'vgnt) a. [F. conniver,
;
to wink.]
Converging
(Hoi.).
conoid (ko'noid) a.
[Gk. konos, a
cone
eidos,
Cone-like,
form.]
but not quite conical (dial.).
conoid ligament, one of the fasciculi
of the coraco-clavicular ligament
;
a small rough
tubercle,
eminence on the posterior border
of the clavicle, serving for the
attachment of the conoid ligament
(anat.).
(kfin'tabe's'e'ns) n.
abortion
context
[L.
Stamen
n.
(kon'te'kst)
together
texere, to
[L.
weave.]
cum,
The
between the
layers
developed
hymenium and the true mycelium
in certain Fungi (tot.).
continuity
(kSn'tfnu'iti)
n.
[L. con-
Succession
continuous.]
without a break, as continuity of
the germ plasm (zool.).
continuous (kontln'uiis) a.
[L. continuus,
tinuus,
uninterrupted.]
mented or articulated
contorted
Not
seg-
(Hoi.).
(kontor'tgd)
[L. contorquere, to twist together.] Twisted ;
appl. aestivation in which one leaf
a.
coiitortuplicate
[L. cum, with
[L.
cum,
contractile
fibre -cells,
elongated,
spindle-shaped, more or less polynucleated
hedral,
muscle-cells, containing a central bundle of fibrillae
(anat.).
consensual
(konsSn'sual)
a.
[L.
Appl.
involuntary action correlated with
voluntary action (phys.).
constant (kon'stant) a. [L. constans,
invariunchanged.] Changeless
;
contabescence
open them
(anat.).
conoid
able
CON-
59
appl.
characters,
structures
(sool.).
constricted
a.
(konstrik'tgd)
[L.
Comconstrictus, drawn together.]
at
intervals
pressed
regular
(tot.).
constrictor (konstrik'tfir) n.
strictus,
drawn
together.]
which compresses or
[L. con-
A muscle
constricts, e.g.,
contractile vacuole,
vesicle,
many
found
a small spherical
cytoplasm of
in the
Protista,
COR-
CONn. plu.
[Gk. konos, a
cone.] The tent-like projections on
the surface of certain Sponges caused
by the principal skeletal elements
coracoid
conuli (kon'ull)
(tool.).
convergence
convolute
and cotyappl.
together
ledons (hot.) appl. shells in which
the outer whorls overlap and conleaves
the ligament
ligament,
stretches over the suprascapular notch (zool.).
coracoid process, the rudimentary
coracoid element in most mammals
fused to the scapula (zool.).
coralliferous (kor'alif'erus) a.
[Gk.
which
korallion, coral
Coral - fo rmin g
L. ferre, to bear.]
made
of
coral
(zool.).
coralline (kor'alin)
a.
[Gk. korallion,
coral.]
(bot.).
corallite (kor'allt) n.
[Gk. korallion,
coral.]
Cup of a single polyp of
coral (zool.).
coralloid (kor'aloid) a. [Gk. korallion,
coral
eidos, form.]
Resembling,
or branching like a coral (biol.).
;
corallum (koral'um) n.
The
coral.]
coral
[Gk. korallion,
skeleton of a compound
(zool.).
corbula (kor'bula)
coprophagous (koprof'agus)
dung
phagein,
a.
[Gk.
to
eat.]
gregarines
n.
[L.
cyst formed in
associated
round two
gametocytes (zool.).
n.
copulation (kop'ula'shun)
[L.
Sexual union
copula, a bond.]
coition
(biol.).
[Gk. korax, a
crow ; euios, form.] Pert, the bone or
process in the pectoral girdle (zool.).
coracoid bone, the part of the pectoral
girdle between scapula and sternum
coracoid (ko/akoid)
(zool.).
basket.]
a.
n.
The
[L.
corbis,
phyllactocarp
a
of
stem with
Aglaeophenia, etc.,
alternate branches rising upwards
and forming a pod-like structure
a
(zool.).
n.
[Gk. chorde, a cord.]
chord-like structure, as spinal,
cord (k&rd)
Any
faeces.
kopros,
tibia (zool.).
(biol.).
cordiform tendon,
derm
(zool).
coriaceous (ko'ria'shus)
leather.]
Leathery
a.
;
[L. corium,
appl. leaves
(bot.).
corium
n.
corium,
[L.
division of
the deeper-seated
layer of the skin, consisting of a
vascular connective tissue [(anat.).
(ko'rium)
leather.]
The middle
an elytron
(zool.)
COR
cork (kork)
;/.
[Sp. alcorque, cork.]
tissue derived usually from the
outer layer of the cortex in woody
plants (dot.}.
conn (korm), cormus (kor'mus) n.
An en[Gk. kormos, a trunk.]
solid
larged
subterranean
stem,
rounded
or
cormidium
(kormld'ium) n.
[Gk.
kormos, a trunk.] An aggregation
of individuals in a Siphonophore,
borne on the coenosarc and capable
of liberation therefrom (zool.}.
cormoid (kor'moid) a. [Gk. konnos,
a trunk eidos, form.] Like a corm
;
(bot.}.
connophylogeny
kortnos,
[Gk.
;
(kor'mofiloj'e'n!)
trunk
genos,
offspring.]
of families
velopment
phyle,
n.
The
or
deraces
(biol.}.
(kornik'ulum)
small
cornu, horn.]
horn-like process.
n.
[L.
horn
or
cornua (kor'nua)
n. plu.
[L. cornu,
Horn-like prolongations ;
horn.]
appl. bones, nerve tissues, cavities,
etc.
[L.
The
n.
(kor'moflt)
[Gk.
kormos, a trunk phyton, a plant.]
A plant which possesses stem, root,
;
a.
[Gk. korinos,
anterior
(anat., zool.}
(zool.}.
ecdysis
(zoo/.).
corneal (kor'neal)
a.
corneous (kor'neus)
a.
[L.
cornu,
a.
[L. cornu, horn.]
horn-like processes (bot.}.
corolla (korol'a) n.
[L. corona, a
crown.] The petals of a flower
With
(bot.}.
corollaceous (kor'ola'shus) a.
[L.
corona, a crown.] Pert, a corolla
(bot.}.
corolliferous (kor'ollf'erus) a.
[L.
corona, a crown
ferre, to bear.]
a
corolla
Having
(bot.}.
;
corona (koro'na) n.
[L. corona, a
crown.] A cup-shaped body formed
union
of
scales on the periby the
anth leaves at the junction of claw
and limb (bot.} the theca and arms
of a Crinoid
the ciliated disc of
certain animals (zool.}
the head
or upper portion of any structure
;
cormophyte
eye
corniculum
cornute (kornut')
(hot.}.
cormel (kor'mel)
tribe
COR-
61
(anat.}.
internal
capsule (anat.}.
coronal (koronal) a. [L. corona, a
crown.] Situated or lying in the
coronal sutural plane (anat.}.
coronary (ko/onari) a. [L. corona, a
crown.]
Crown-shaped or crownlike
appl. arteries, bones, sinuses,
ligaments (anat., zool.}.
coronary arteries, arteries supplying the tissue of the heart itself
;
(anat.}.
(zool.}.
a venous channel in
the posterior part of the coronary
sulcus and covered by muscular
fibres from the left atrium (anat.}.
coronated (kor'ona'tgd) a. [L. corona,
a crown.] Supplied with a crown
coronary sinus,
(zool., bot.}.
coronet
(kor'onfit)
/;.
[L.
corona, a
CORThe burr
crown.]
of an
antler
(zool.}.
cortlnate (k&r'tlnat)
a.
cortina,
[L.
wall of the
body cavity
corpora cavernosa,
erectile
masses
[L.
floating freely in
some fluid, or embedded in some
matrix ; appl. various sensory structures (anat.} ; any small protoplasmic mass of definite function
protoplasmic
cell,
or shape (bot.}.
correlation (kSr'gla'shun)
(anat.}.
corymb
(zool.}.
(kor'imb) n.
[Gk. korymbos,
A raceme
a cluster of flowers.]
with lower pedicels elongated so
that the top is nearly flat (bot.}.
corymbose
[L.L.
Similarity
in a corymb (bot.}.
cosmine (kos'min) n.
(kor'tikal)
[L.
cortex,
covering (anat.,
corticiferous
cortex,
to
ferre,
a.
[L.
carry.]
striatum
to
the
cerebral
cortex
(anat.}.
curtain.]
n.
The velum
[L.
in
a.
[Gk.
citizen.]
in distribution (biol.}.
costa (kos'ta) n. [L. costa, a rib.]
rib ;
anything rib-like in shape
;
World-wide
(bot.}.
rib.]
cortina,
Agarics
(bot.}.
[L. costa,
The supporting
plates
in
With one
(bot.}
coterminous (koteYminus) a.
cum+ with terminus, an end.]
[L.
Of
(biol.}.
(kot'ile'don) n.
cotyledon
[Gk. kotyle,
a cup.] The primary or first leaf of
an embryonic sporophyte (bot.} the
definite patches of villi on the
;
mammal
(zool.}.
cotyledonary
kotyle,
(bot.}
(kot'lle'donari) a.
[Gk.
Pert, cotyledons
a cup.]
with cotyledons on the
placenta (zool.}.
cotyloid (kot'floid) a.
[Gk. kotyle, a
cup ; eidos, form.]
Cup-shaped
pert, the cotyloid cavity (anat.}.
cotylophorous (kot'ilof'orus) a. [Gk.
kotyle, a cup
pherein, to bear.]
With a cotyledonary placenta
;
cortina (k&rtfna)
[Gk. kosmios,
cosmopolite (kozmop'ollt)
kosmos, world
polites,
placenta of a
biol.}.
(kor'tislf'e'rus)
bark
[Gk.
flowers.]
arranged
similar distribution
(anat.}.
a.
a.
(kor'imbos)
a cluster of
Pert, or like a corymb ;
korymbos,
n.
correlatio, relationship.]
cortical
COT-
62
(zool.}.
COT.
cotype
n.
(ko'tip)
with
cum,
[L.
an image.] An additional
type specimen, frequently collected
in the same place at the same time,
or a specimen from a description of
which, along with others, the type
typus,
is
drawn up
cover-scales,
(zool.).
developed directly on
cone of the Coniferae
creatine
(biol.).
(dot.}.
covert (kuv'ert) n.
[F. couvrir, to
cover.] Appl. the feathers covering the bases of the quills in birds.
cowled (kowld) a. [L. cucullus, a
hood.] Furnished with or shaped
like a hood.
(kok'sa)
The proximal
n.
coxa, hip.]
[L.
joint of an insect
leg (zool.).
(kok'sal) a.
[L.
Pert, the coxa (zool.).
coxopodlte (koksop'odft)
hip Gk. pous, a foot.]
(dot.).
coxa,
n.
hip.]
[L. coxa,
The
proxi-
(zool.).
cremocarp
fruit.]
(zoo/.).
crampon
(kram'pon) n.
[O.H.G.
An aerial
crooked.]
as
in
the
root,
ivy (pot.).
cranial (kra'nlal) a.
[Gk. kranion,
the head.]
Pert, the skull, or
that
which
encloses
the
part
brain
nerves,
muscles,
appl.
blood-vessels, bones, etc.
craniate (kra'nlat) a. [Gk. kranion,
the head.] Having a skull (zool.).
n.
craniology
(kra'niol'ojT)
[Gk.
kranion, the head ; logos, disThe
of
the
skull
course.]
study
chramph,
(ana/.).
craniometry
(kra'niom'fitri) n.
[Gk.
kranion, the head ;
metron, a
The science of the
measure.]
measurement of skulls.
cranium (kra'nium)
n.
[Gk. kranion,
the head.] The skull ofany craniate,
or more particularly, that part enclosing the brain (anat., zool.).
craspedodromous (kras'pedod'romus)
a.
[Gk. kraspedon, an edge dro;
to
margin
(kras'pedot)
kraspedon, an edge.]
a.
[Gk.
Having a
(zool.).
(kras'pedum)
;/.
[Gk.
to
hang
An
[Gk.
karpos,
crenulated (kren'ulated) a.
[Dim.
of L. crena, a notch.] With margins
minutely crenate (bot.).
crepis
(kre'pis)
n.
[L.
crepis,
un-
.
(krgplta'shun)
[L.
In insects, the
crepare, to crack.]
crescent
(krSs'fint)
to grow.]
crescentic
n.
[L.
crescere,
glands (anat.).
crescents of Gianuzzi (janopt'se),
small crescent-shaped bodies with
polyhedral
(bot.).
craspedote
n.
(krSm'okarp)
kremannunai,
craspedum
kreas,
n.
cremaster (kremas'tr)
[Gk.
A thin
kremannunai, to hang.]
muscle in the spermatic cord
(anat.) a stout terminal abdominal
spine in subterranean insect pupae;
the anal hooks for pupae suspension
crustacean limb
velum
[Gk.
mein, to run.]
n.
(kre'atm)
A nitrogenous substance
flesh.]
found in the muscles, brain, and
blood of vertebrates (phys.).
coxal
mesenkraspedon, an edge.]
teric
filament of sea-anemones
craticular (kratfk'ular) a. [L. cratia gridiron.]
Crate-like
cula,
appl. a stage in the life-history
of a diatom where new valves are
formed before the old are lost
spirally and
the axis of a
coxa
CRE-
63
between the
granular
cells
cells
lying
propria in certain
alveoli
of the
cribellum (kribel'um)
n.
[L. cribrum,
a sieve.] A special spinning organ
found only in certain spiders (zool.).
cribriform (krib'riform)a. [L.cribruin,
a sieve ; forma, shape.] Sieve-like
anat., zool.).
(bot.,
the
horizontal
portion of the ethmoid perforated
with many foramina for the exit of
the olfactory nerves (anat., zool.).
cricoid (knk'oid) n. [Gk. krikos, a
cribriform
eidos, form.]
ring-like
cartilage in the larynx, articulating
ring
crissum
CRY-
64
Pert,
to
the
a.
[L.
cruorin
(kroo'orln) n.
[L. cruor,
Haemoglobin (phys.).
blood.]
crura cerebri, two cylindrical masses
at the base of the brain, they emerge
from the pons and disappear into
the substance of the cerebral hemi-
spheres (anat.).
crural (kroo'ral)
a.
[L.
crus,
leg.]
thigh
crissare,
antler
(a?iat.).
crus (krus)
[L. crus,
n.,
leg.]
(zool.).
crissum (krib'um)
[L. crissare, to
of legs (anat.).
crusta (krus'ta)
;/.
move
n.
[L. crusta, a
ventral part of the
substantia nigra of the cerebral
peduncles (anat.) ; the cement layer
in teeth (zool.).
shell.]
The
crustaceous (krusta'shus) a.
[L.
With crustacean
crusta, a shell.]
characteristics (zool.).
(zool.).
cryptocarp (krip'tokarp) n.
[Gk.
karoos, fruit.] A
kryptos, hidden
fruit-like structure which is really
the sporophyte phase in the Red
Algae (bot.).
of parents of different
breeds (biol.).
crotaphite (krot'aflt) n.
[Gk. krot-
mating
cryptogam
(krip'togam)
The
reproduction
was
phanerogam
(bot.).
aphos,
of
the
temples.]
n.
concealed
[Gk.
cf.
CRY.
cryptostomata (krip'tbstom'ata) n.plu.
[Gk. kryptos, hidden stoma, mouth.]
Non-sexual conceptacles in the
Fucaceae (hot.},
;
cryptozoic
a.
(krip'tozo'fk)
hidden
kryptos,
zoon,
[Gk.
animal.]
crystalline
(kris'talln) a.
crystalloid
krystallos,
n.
(kris'taloid)
[Gk.
ice ; eidos, form.]
which in solution readily
substance
through an animal
diffuses
brane
CUS-
65
opp. colloid
mem-
appl. crystal
in oily
found
of proteid matter
seeds (bot.}.
ctene (ten, kten) n.
a cap.]
petals (bot.}
shaped
(zool.}.
cuirass
(kwe'ras, kweras') n.
[F.
cuirasse, a leathern jacket.]
Bony
or
scales
a
like
plates
arranged
cuirass (zool.}.
culmen (kul'mgn)
n.
cellere, to
[L.
The
push.]
(zool.}
little
knife.]
sharp knife-like
cumulus
(ku'mulus) n.
[L. cumulus,
[Gk. kteis,
The swimming-plates of
comb.]
Ctenophores (zoo/.).
ance (zool.}.
ctenocyst
(tgn'dsist,
ctenoid
n.
kteis,
(zool.}.
comb
With a
scales
appl.
(bot.}.
cuneus
(ku'neus) n.
[L. cuneus, a
wedge.] A division of the elytron
of certain insects (zool.} a wedgeshaped area between the calcarine
fissure and the medial part of the
parieto-occipital fissure (anat.}.
n.
[A.S. cuppe, a cup.]
Any structure resembling a cup
cup (kup)
(zool.}.
(biol.}.
cupula
little
plates (zool.}.
cubitus (ku'bitus)
n.
[L. cubitus, the
elbow.] The ulna, forearm (anat.}
the primary vein in an insect's wing
;
(zoo/.).
zool.}.
(ku'pula)
tub.]
cochlea
n.
cupula, a
of the
[L.
the apex
of
the
lungs
(anat.}.
cupule
soot.).
cucullate (ku'kulat)
kte'noid) a.
[Gk.
eidos, resemblance.]
comb-like margin, appl.
(tSn'oid,
Wedge-shaped
wedge.]
ktgn'ostst)
Ctenophora
a heap.]
(kup'ul) n.
The
(zool.}.
a.
[L. cucullus,
cushion (koosh'un)
n.
[M.E.
cuisc/ten,
cyathus
(bot.}.
integument.
cuticular transpiration, transpiration through the cuticle, of gases,
etc. (phys.}.
Cuvierian organs
(kuve'rlan),
(bot.}.
cyanophilous
(slanof'ilus)
a.
[Gk.
kyanos, blue
philein, to love.]
With special affinity for blue or
green dyes ; appl. a structure in a
;
cell (zool.}.
cyanophyll
(slan'ofil) n.
[Gk. kyanos,
bluishphyllon, a leaf.]
green colouring matter in plants
(**).
cyathlum (slath'ium) n. [Gk. kyathos,
a cup.] The peculiar inflorescence
blue
CYN-
66
cup.]
the
cycle
in
[Gk. kyathos, a
(si'klikal) a.
cyclical
[Gk. kyklos, a
Cyclic.
circle.]
cyclocoelic (si'klose'lik)a.
a circle
[Gk. kyklos,
koilia, intestines.]
With
more
cyclogenous (slklqj'enus) a.
[Gk.
kyklos, a circle
genos, offspring.]
Exogenous appl. a stem growing
;
cyclospermous(sl'kl6sper'mus)a. .[Gk.
kyklos, a circle ; sperma, a seed.]
With embryo coiled in a circle or
spiral (bot.}.
a.
cyclospondylic
(sl'klospondifik)
[Gk. kyklos, a circle ; sphondylos, a
vertebra.] Appl. centra in which
the internal calcareous matter is
confined to the middle zone (zool.}.
cylinder (sll'inder) n. [Gk. kylindros,
a cylinder.] Any region marked
by
a.
cylindrical
(silin'drikal)
[Gk.
kylindros, a cylinder.] Appl. leaves
rolled on themselves, or to solid
cylinder-like leaves (bot.}.
cymbiform
a
boat
shaped.
cyme
in
(sim) n.
[L. cyma, a young
sprout of cabbage.]
Any deter-
volucre
minate inflorescence
(bot.}.
cyathozooid (sl'athozo'oid) n.
soon, animal
kyathos, cup
;
[Gk.
;
eidos,
(bot.}.
cynopodous
(smop'odus)
a.
[Gk.
Seaweeds
cystein
[Gk. kystis,
A proteid decomposition
product (phys.).
cystenchyma
a
fusion.]
(sisteng'kima) n.
bladder
[Gk.
parenchyma
cystic
[Gk. kystis, a bladder.]
Pert, a cyst (dial.) ; pert, the gall or
urinary bladder (anat.).
cysticercoid (sis'tiseYkoid) a.
[Gk.
kystis, a bladder ; kerkos, a tail ;
eidos, form.]
Appl. the bladderworm stage of tape-worms (zoo/.).
(sls'tlk) a.
cysticercus (sis'tiser'kus) n.
[Gk.
kystis, a bladder ; kerkos, a tail.]
The
form or bladderworm
stage of certain tape-worms (zoo/.).
larval
cystidium
(sistid'ium) n.
[Gk. kystis,
a bladder.] A large inflated cell in
the hymenial layer of some Fungi
Gk.
cystogenous (sistoj'Snus) a.
kystis, a bladder genos, offspring.]
;
nettle
(dot.).
n.
[Gk. kystis, a
dactylozooid in the
modified
for excreSiphonophora
tory purposes (zoo/.).
cytase (sl'tas) n. [Gk. kytos, hollow.]
An enzyme responsible for digesting
hemi-celluloses (dot.).
cytaster (sltas'tgr) n.
[Gk. kytos,
hollow ; aster, a star.]
starachromatinic
shaped
figure consisting of the attraction-sphere and
cyston
(sis'ton)
(cyt.),
cytoblastema (sl'tbblaste'ma) n,
hollow
kytos,
The formative
were
cells
[Gk.
blastema, growth.]
material from which
supposed
to
arise
(sl'toklle'ma)
n.
[Gk.
(cyt.).
cytochylema
the
protozoan
parasite
multiplies
(zoo/.).
cytode
(sl'tod)
form.]
protoplasmic mass
(cyt.).
cytogamy
(zoo/.).
cystocarp (sis'tbkarp)
a bladder karpos,
carp, which see.
eidos,
(dot.).
cystocyte*(srs't6sit) n.
[Gk. kystis, a
bladder ; kytos, hollow.] Cystencyte, which see.
bladder.]
(dot.).
(sis'tein)
bladder.]
kystis,
CYT-
67
n.
[Gk. kystis,
fruit.]
Crypto-
(sltbg'aml) n.
[Gk. kytos,
;
gatnos, union.] Conjugation (zoo/.).
hollow
cytogenesis
(sftojen'SsIs)
n.
[Gk.
CYTkytos,
descent.]
or formation of
genesis,
The development
cells (biol.).
the
fibres in
(zool.).
[Gk. kytos,
(sltoj'gnus) a.
hollow genos, offspring.] Producing cells
appl. lymphatic tissue
(sl'tdfar'ingks) n.
[Gk.
kytos,
(phys.).
cytophil
hollow
(si'tofil)
philein,
a.
[Gk.
kytos,
to
love.]
Pert.
haptophorous groups
cytohyaloplasma
having an
(sl'tohi'aloplaz'ma)
[Gk. kytos, hollow ; hyalos, glass ;
[Gk. kytos,
cytology
hollow
n.
(sltol'oji)
kytos,
The
discourse.]
logos,
[Gk.
cytolymph
and
life-history
[Gk. kytos,
L.
plasm
(cyt.}.
cytopyge
(sl'tolimf) n.
(cyt.).
hollow
n.
[Gk.
pyge, the rump.]
(si'toplj)
;
kytos,
Cyto-
which see.
n.
cytoreticulam (sl'toretik'ulCim)
[Gk. kytos, hollow L. reticulum, a
proct,
solution
cell-degeneration (phys.).
n. plu.
[Gk.
The
kytos, hollow ; meros, a part.]
cells in Carystropha formed by the
division of the schizont, and themselves giving rise to the merozoites
;
cytomeres (sftomerz)
(zoo!.}.
cytomicrosome
(si'toml'krosom)
n.
cytoplasm
opp. nucleomicrosome
(cyt.).
kytos,
n,
(si'tomitom)
[Gk.
;
mitos, a thread.]
hollow
n.
(sl'tb'mor'fosTs,
(cyt.).
sl'to-
work
thread-
(cyt.).
cytosine
(sl'tosin)
n.
cleavage
hollow.]
protein (phys).
cytosome (sltosom)
[Gk. kytos,
product of
n.
[Gk. kytos,
The body of
the cell as opposed to that of the
nucleus (cyt.).
hollow
cytostome
soma, body.]
(sl'tostom)
[Gk. kytos,
(cyt.).
(si'ton) n.
The body
cytophan
The cytoplasmic
little net.]
cytomitome
cyton
in
cytopharynx
cytogenous
n.
CYT-
68
hollow
(sl'tofan)
n.
[Gk.
kytos,
Langhans
(anat.).
cytotroplsm (sltot'roptzm) n.
[Gk.
trope, a turning.]
kytos, hollow
The mutual attraction of two or
;
more
cells (cyt.).
CYTcytozoic (sftozolk) a.
[Gk. kytos,
hollow ; zoon, an animal.] Appl.
the trophozoite of a sporozoon when
situated within a cell (zool.}.
cytula
The
DEC-
69
(sit'ula) n.
ovum
fertilized
Darwinian tubercle,
it bends downwards
(anat.}.
Darwinism (Dar'wlnlzm) n. [Darwin.] The theory of the origin of
where
on the
survive
dasypaedes
n.
(dak'til)
finger.]
dactylar
[Gk.
daktylos,
(dak'tilar) a.
finger.]
[Gk. daktylos,
Pert, finger or digit (anat.}.
daktylos, finger
opening
the
in
poros, exit.]
skeleton of
The
the
pectoral
more
fins
or
less
free
n.
[Gk.
(zool.}.
dactylozooid (dak'tilozo'oid)
finger
daktylos,
zoon,
animal
A hydroid
resemblance.]
modified for the special function of
catching prey, it may be long, with
tentacles or with short knobs, with
or without a mouth (zool.).
dactylus (dak'tilus) n. [Gk. daktylos,
Part of the tarsus of an
finger.]
eidos,
insect (zool.}.
dart (dart) n.
Anything resembling a
crystalline
structure
in
dart, appl.
Molluscs
hairy
pods (zool.}.
dartoid (dar'toid)
flayed.]
[Gk. dartos,
Pert, the dartos (anat.}.
(dar'tSs)
flayed.]
a.
A thin
n.
[Gk. dartos,
layer of non-striped
pats,
(zool.}.
daughter
(d6'ter)
n.
dohtor,
[A.S.
ammonium
salts
(biol.}.
decalcify (dekal'sifl) v.
[L. de,
away
decamerous
(dgkam'griis) a.
[Gk.
deka, ten ; meros, part.] With the
various parts arranged in tens (bot.}.
decapod
ten
with
;
a.
[Gk. deka,
Crustacea,
on the
in Cephalopods, with ten
(dek'apod)
pous, foot.]
five
thorax
pairs
In
of
legs
arms (zool.}.
decapodlform (dek'apod'iform) a. [Gk.
L. forma,
deka, ten
pous, foot
shape.]
Resembling a decapod,
;
decemfid
(zool.}.
dart sac,
dartos
phi. [jGk.
Birds
child.]
at hatching
dasys,
[Gk. dakryon,
point of junction of the
anterior border of the lacrimal with
the frontal (anat.}.
to
(da'sipe'dez) n.
The
tear.]
fittest
(biol.}.
(dak'rlon) n.
dacryon
dactyl
those
thereby selecting
(dgsfim'fid)
a.
decemfoliate
(des'gmfo'liat)
decent,
ten
leaved
(bot.}.
folium,
(zool.}.
[L. decent,
Cut into
a.
decemjugat (deVmjoo'gat)
a.
[L.
Ten-
leaf.]
[L.
With
DEC.
decempartite
a.
(dgs'e'mpar'tit)
[L.
decem, ten partiri, to divide.] Tenlobed ; divided into ten lobes (dot.).
;
decidua
(desid'ua) n.
[L. de, away ;
The mucous memcaderc, to fall.]
brane lining the uterus, that is cast
off after parturition (anat.).
decidual (desid'ual)
cadere,
to
a.
fall.]
(anat.).
deciduate (desld'uat)
a.
[L. de,
away
to fall.]
Characterized by
having a decidua
partly formed
the
decidua
by
(zoo/.).
deciduous (desid'uus) a. [L. de, away
cadere, to fall.]
Falling at the end
of the period of growth (dot.} falling
cadere,
at maturity (zoo/.).
declinate (dek'ltnat)
a.
clinare, to bend.]
in a curve, as the
away
Bending aside
[L. de,
anther filament
in the horse-chestnut (dot.).
decollated (dekol'ated) a.
[L. de,
away
DEI,
70
With
collum, neck.]
the
(zoo/.).
a.
[L. de,
decomposed (de'kompozd')
away cum, with ponere, to place.]
Not in contact not adhering, said
of the barbs of a feather when they
;
are separate
(zoo!.).
decompound (de'kompound') a.
de, away
cum, with
ponere,
;
place.]
When
the
[L.
to
monopodial
branching
pound (dot.}.
decumbent (dekum'bent)
a.
[L. de-
lie down.]
Appl. stems
trail on the ground, but rise
apex (A?/.)..
decurrent (dekuYSnt) a.
[L. de,
cumbere, to
dedupllcation
[L.
(dedu'plika'shun)
intensive
duplicare,
de,
to
The augmentation of
double.]
parts of a flower by splitting during
development
(dot.}.
defaecation
(de'feka'shun) n.
[L.
defaecatio, voiding of excrement.]
The expulsion of faeces (phys.}.
defensive (defen'siv)
a. [L. defendere,
to defend.]
Protective ; appl. proteid substances which destroy the
toxic substances of bacteria (phys.)
appl. numerous organs or parts of
;
in various
animals
(zoo/.).
organs
deferred (defgrd') a. [L. deferre, to
bring down.] Appl. shoots that are
given out from dormant buds when
stem or branch has been destroyed
(dot.).
definite
(def'Tnlt)
[L. definire, to
a.
constant
Fixed,
appl.
inflorescences with primary axis
terminating early in a flower appl.
stamens limited to twenty in number
limit.]
(dot.}.
definitive (defin'itiv)
to limit.]
a.
Complete,
[L. definire,
fully
developed
(diol.}.
retrogressive evolution
(diol.}.
deglutition
.
(deglootish'un)
deglutire, to swallow down.]
[L.
The
dehiscence
[L.
(dehls'gns) n.
to
gape.]
de,
The
which
away
at the
;
currere, to run.]
Having the
leaf base prolonged down the stem
as a winged expansion or rib (hot.}.
away
to
cross
like
a.
[L.
an
X.]
Having paired
leaves, succeeding
pairs crossing at right angles (dot.}.
decussation (de'kusa'shun) n.
[L.
decussare, to cross like an X.] The
hiscere,
direction (dot.}.
Deiter's cells (di'tgrz), supporting
cells between the rows of outer
hair-cells in the organ of Corti
(anat.).
delamination (delam'inashun)
de,
down
dividing
n.
;
lamina, a layer.]
off of cells to form
[L.
The
new
layers (emd.).
deliquescent (del'ikwes'ent)
deliquescere,
to
become
a.
[L.
fluid.]
Having the
lateral
DELdelomorphous
delos, visible
(de'lomor'fus) a.
morphe, shape.]
[Gk.
With
delthyrium
(dglthl'rium) n.
[Gk.
;
thyrion, little door.]
delos, visible
the
hinge
peduncle exit in
for the
many Brachiopods
thyrium
(zoo/.).
(zoo/.).
demersal (demeYsal)
a.
gere, to demerse.]
Sunk
eggs which
to
sink
[L. demer;
appl. fish
the
bottom
(zoo/.).
(zoo/.).
demisheath
n.
(dgm'Isheth)
[L.
dimidius, half; A.S. sceath, sheath.]
One of the protecting covers of the
ovipositor
(zoo/.).
a.
Abundant
people.]
(pal.).
(den'driform) a.
[Gk.
L. forma, shape.]
;
dendriform
dendron, tree
Tree-like
(dial.).
n.
A branched
[Gk. dendron,
tree-like proto-
plasmic process of a
nerve
cell
teeth
on the
(dot.).
scales
[L. dens,
of certain
within the
orifice in Polyzoa
the
certain Elasmobranchs
The paragnaths
Polychaets
secondary
of
the teeth
(zoo/.).
n.
The
deplanate (dep'lanat)
are, to
depressant (depres'ant) n.
[L. depriinere, to lower.] Anything that
lowers
depressed (deprgst')
direction
Flattened in a vertical
(diol.).
depressomotor
(deprSs'omo'tor)
n.
movere, to
lowers
(anat.).
Dendrogaea
n.
[Gk.
(dSn'droje'a)
dendron, tree ; gaia, earth.] A zoogeographical region, including all
the
Neotropical
except
region
temperate South America (bio/.).
dendron (deVdron) n. See dendrite.
(den'tari) a.
Pert, dentaries,
lower jaw of
(zoo/.).
to lower.]
dendrite (dSn'drit)
dentary
(dgn'tat) a.
(dot.).
demoid (de'moid)
common
dentate
(zoo/.).
(deltld'ium) n.
[Gk. A,
plate covering the del-
delta.]
tree.]
DEU-
71
membrane bones in
many vertebrates
move.]
muscular activity (anat.).
depressor (depreVor) n.
[L. deprimere, to lower.] Any muscle which
lowers or depresses any structure;
appl. a nerve which lowers the
activity of an organ (anat.).
derm (dSrm)
[Gk. derma, skin.]
The layers of the integument below
the epidermis (anat.).
derma (deYma) n. See derm.
dermal (der'mal) a.
[Gk. derma,
Pert, derma, or skin (anat.).
skin.]
.
dermalia (deYma'lia)
n.
plu.
[Gk.
DERdermarticulare
(deVmartTk'ula're,
L.
[Gk. derma, skin
articulare, to divide into joints.]
The goniale (zoo/.).
derrnatogen (der'matqje'n) n.
[Gk.
derma, skin ; gignesthai, to produce.]
The young or embryonic epidermis
in plants (bo/.).
dermatoplasm (deVmatoplazm') n.
[Gk. derma, skin ; plasma, somen.
-ara)
The cell-wall
moulded.]
protoplasm (bol.).
dermatoplast (deVmatoplast') n. [Gk.
derma, skin plastos, moulded.] A
protoplast with a supposed cell-wall
thing
(biol.).
dermatopsy (deYmatop'si)
derma, skin ^^w, sight.]
n.
[Gk.
Condi-
tion
dermatosome (deVmatosom')
[Gk.
derma, skin soma, body.] One of
vital units forming a cell-membrane
.
dermic
[Gk. derma,
(der'mik) a.
Pert, skin, or derived from
skin.]
the skin (zoo/.).
dennis (deYmis) n.
[Gk. derma,
See derm.
skin.]
dermoblast (der'moblast') n.
[Gk.
The
derma, skin
blastos, bud.]
layer of mesoblast which gives rise
;
dermoskeleton
(deYmoskeTe'ton)
theke,
of
n.
skeletos, dried.]
dertrotheca (deYtrothe'ka)
birds
the
n.
[Gk.
cup.]
The
maxilla
of
dertrum (deVtrum)
n.
[Gk. dertron,
Any modification of the
of the maxilla in birds
casing
(zoo/.).
descendence (desSn'dSns)
down
from
n.
[L. de,
common
ancestor
down
(biol.).
descending (desen'ding)
a.
[L.
de,
towards the
desertus, solitary
a.
[L.
colere, to inhabit.]
Desert-inhabiting (zoo/.).
desma (des'ma) n. [Gk. desma, bond.]
The megasclere which forms the
characteristic skeletal network of
the Lithistida, an irregular branched
spicule
(zoo/.).
desmogen
bond
(des'mqjen)
gignesthai,
n.
[Gk. desma,
to
produce.]
owing
desquamation
[L. de, away
(des'kwama'shun) n.
squama, scale.] The
shedding of the cuticle or epidermis
;
in flakes (zoo/.).
determinant (deter'mmant)
determinare, to
n.
[L.
hypobeing an aggregation
of biophores determining the development of a cell or an independently variable group of cells
limit.]
thetical unit,
(biol.).
determinate
(deter'minat) a.
[L.
determinare, to limit.] With certain
limits
inflorescence
with
the
appl.
primary axis terminated early with
a flower-bud (bot.)
appl. cleavage
;
(emb.).
detorsion
away
(zoo/.).
beak.]
DEU-
72
in
an
(detor'shun) n.
torquere, to twist.]
opposite direction
[L.
de,
Torsion
to
that
deuterocerebrum
(du'terb'se'r'e'brum)
brain.]
DEUdeuterocone
(du'tgrokon') n.
;
konos,
second
deuteros,
[Gk.
cusp.]
distinct
(zool).
deuterotoky
n.
(du'teVot'ok!)
[Gk.
second
tokos,
birth.]
Reproduction of both sexes from
parthenogenetic eggs cf. arrhenotoky and thelyotoky (zool).
deuterozooid (du'tSrozo'oid) n. [Gk.
deuteros, second
zoon, animal
deuteros,
resemblance.]
eidos,
zooid
soma, body.] The nucleus remaining in the ovum after the formation
of the
first
deutoblast
polar
body
(cyt.).
n.
(du'toblast)
second
amoeba-like
deuteros,
The
blastos,
[Gk.
bud.]
bodies formed
from the protoblasts in the zygote
of Microclossia, and liberated to
multiply in the blood (zool.}.
deutocerebron
n.
(du'toseVSbron)
[Gk. deuteros, second
kerebron,
That portion of the brain
brain.]
of certain insects which corresponds with the deuterocerebrum
of Crustaceans (zool.}
also deuto;
cerebrum.
deutomalae (du'toma'le,
-mal'a) n. plu.
second
[Gk.
deuteros,
malon,
The broad plate in the
cheek.]
Chaetognatha covering the under
part of the head and partially
enclosing the mouth, formed by
the fusion of the second pair of
;
mouth appendages
deutomerite
(zool.).
n.
(dutom'e'rit)
second
deuteros,
meros,
The posterior division of a
arine body (zool.).
;
deutoplasm
deuteros,
BIA-
73
n.
[Gk.
plasma,
some-
(dii'toplazm)
second
[Gk.
part.]
Greg-
The yolk or
thing moulded.]
food material in the cytoplasm of
an ovum opp. protoplasm (cyt.).
deutoscolex (du'tosko'lgks) n.
[Gk.
deuteros, second
skolex, head.]
A secondary scolex produced by
budding, in the bladder-worm stage
of certain tape-worms (zool.).
;
deutovum(duto'vum) n. \Gk.deuteros,
A stage
second
L. ovum, egg.]
in the metamorphosis of certain
mites in which the outer envelope
becomes brown and hard, and
;
development
[F.
(deveTo'pme'nt) n.
developper, to unfold.] The changes
right
trepein,
a.
[Gk.
to
turn.]
dextral
See dexiotropic.
right-hand.]
dextrin
(dek'strin)
n.
dexter,
[L.
A soluble substance
derived from starch by exposure
to a high temperature for a short
time (phys).
right-hand.]
a.
from
left to
right (hot).
(di'ake'nlum) n.
[Gk.
chanein, to
a, not ;
Each part of a cremocarp
diachaenium
dis,
twice
gape.]
(dot).
diacranteric (dl'akranteVik)
a.
[Gk.
kranteres, wisdom
With a diastema between
teeth.]
the front and back teeth, as in
dia,
asunder
snakes (zool).
diactinal (dlak'tinal) a.
[Gk. dis,
twice
With two rays
aktis, ray.]
pointed at the ends (zool).
diadelphous (dl'SdeTfus) a. [Gk. dis,
twice adelphos, brother.] Having
the stamens in two bundles owing
to
the fusion of the filaments
;
(hot).
arranged as follows
three prim-
secondary
DIA-
diadromos, wandering.]
Having
the nerves radiating in a fan-like
manner
(dot.}.
(N).
n.
diageotropism
(dl'ajeot'ropizm)
[Gk. dia, through
gaia, earth
The tendency
trepein, to turn.]
;
(biol.).
dialyneury
through
(dl'allnu'rl)
n.
[Gk. dia,
to loose ; neuron,
certain
Gastropods,
lyein,
In
Polypetalous
petalon, petal.]
(dot.}.
dialyphyllous (dl'allfll'us) a.
[Gk.
asunder
to
loose
diet)
lyein,
;
phyllon,
leaf.]
leaves (bot.).
With
separate
sepalon, sepal.]
dialystely
tropism.
diaphragm
[Gk. di(di'afram) n.
The wall
aphragtna, midriff.]
which separates the small cell, the
prothallus, from the rest of the
macrospore in Hydropterideae a
septum at the nodes in Equisetum
a sheet of muscular tissue
(bot.}
attached to the introvert in worms
the single strongly developed septum
the perin the Terebelliformia
forated tissue that subdivides the
the
tentacle
cavity in Polyzoa
transverse septum separating the
cephalothorax from the abdomen
a special
in certain Arachnids
;
nerve.]
DIA-
74
Polysepalous (bot.}.
n.
[Gk. dia,
(dl'aliste'li)
asunder
loose ; stele,
;
lyein, to
condition in which the
post.]
steles in the stem remain more or
less separate (dot.).
diancistra (di'angkTs'tra) n
[Gk.
A
dis, twice
angkistron, hook.]
spicule resembling a stout sigma,
.
muscular, partly tendinous, separating the cavity of the chest from the
abdominal cavity
diaphragma
diaphysis
through
The
(zool.}.
(dfafrag'ma)
(diaf'ists)
;
phyein,
shaft of a
n.
to
See
n.
[Gk. dia,
bring forth.]
bone as distinguished
the
from the epiphysis (anat.}
abnormal growth of an axis or
;
shoot (bot.}.
diapophysis (di'apof'Ms) n. [Gk. dia,
through ; phyein, to produce.] The
lateral or transverse process of the
neural arches of Anura (zool.}.
diarch (dl'irk) a. [Gk. dis, twice ;
arcke,
in
diarthrosis (dl'arthro'sls) n.
[Gk. dia^
DIA-
DIC-
joint.]
through
to
histanai,
acts
enzyme which
(phys.\
diastatic
through
in
principally
into
sugar
starch
converting
An
set.]
dibranchiate (dlbrangTcTat)
dis,
twice
two
gills (zool.}.
[Gk.
histanai, to set.]
or having similar
diastase,
erties (phys.}.
(dlas'tgrnS,
diastema
diet,
Pert.
prop-
dl'aste'ma)
n.
(zool.}.
always
develop
terminal bud
dichlamydeous
(bot.}.
dichogamy
n.
(dikog'ami)
[Gk.
gamos, union.] The
of
the
maturing
microsporophylls
and
the
at
macrosporophylls
different times, thus ensuring cross-
two
dicha, in
pollination
(bot.}.
dichotomous
through
n.
(diathesis)
tithenai,
[Gk.
to
place.]
dia,
ment
diatom
(biol.}.
;
of silica
(dot.}.
diaxon (dlak'son)
ate
(zool.}.
twice
nerve-cell with two
dis,
two
a.
sight.]
opsis,
[Gk. dicha,
With the
(zool.}.
(dlkflt'omus) a.
[Gk.
dicha, in two ; temnein, to cut.]
Pert., situated near, or characterized
by dichotomy (bot.}.
dichotomy (dlkot'oml) n. [Gk. dicha,
in two temnein, to cut.]
Branching
which results from the division of
a growing point with two equal
;
parts
(bot.,
zool.}.
dichromatic (dl'kromat'lk) a.
dt, two
chroma, colour.]
two colour varieties (biol.}.
two
stamens
di,
flowers
[Gk. dis,
coelenter-
round a central
layers
cavity
kline,
and
pistils
kokkos,
[Gk.
With
a.
[Gk.
With the
bed.]
on
separate
(bot.}.
dicoccous (dlkok'us)
seed.]
a.
[Gk.
di,
two
(bot.}.
dicostalia (dl'kcteta'lla) n.
[Gk. di,
two ; L. costa, rib.] The secundibranchs or second brachial series
in a Crinoid (zool.}.
dicotyledon (dlk5t!le'don) n.
[Gk.
two
kotyledon,
di,
cup-shaped
hollow.] A plant with two seed;
leaves
n.
arranged
(zool.}.
in
the
a.
(dl'klamld'eus)
chlamys, cloak.]
[Gk. dis, twice
both
and
corolla
Having
calyx
(zool.\
below
just
(bot.}.
dichoptic (dlkop'tlk)
diathesis
[Gk. di-
n.
An
chazein, to divide in two.]
inflorescence in which two buds
diastomatic (dl'astom&t'Ik) a.
[Gk.
dia, through; stoma, pore.] Through
the stomata or pores, giving off
gases from the spongy parenchyma
through the stomata (bot.}.
[Gk.
With
dichasium (dlkaz'Tum)
a.
(dl'astat'lk)
;
a.
brangchift, gills.]
(bot.}.
dictyodromous
(dlk'tlSd'ro'mus)
a.
DIC-
monocotyledons
dictyonalia
(bot.).
(dik'tiona'lia)
n.
[Gk.
The
laid
down at once
moment,
(zool.}.
dictyotic
ment, which
lorication
mo-
see.
dicycllc (disik'lik)
a.
[Gk.
di,
two
Having a row of
kyklos, circle.]
per-radial infrabasals, appl. theca
of
Crinoids (zool.)
whorls (bot.).
didactyl (didak'til) a.
having
[Gk.
di,
two
two
finger.]
Having two
daktylos,
fingers or two toes (zool.~).
a.
didymous (did'imus)
[Gk. didymos,
twin.]
Growing in pairs (bot.,
zool.).
didynamous (didm'amus)
a.
[Gk. di,
dynamis, power.] With four
stamens, two long, two short (bot.).
two
diencephalon
[Gk.
dia,
brain.]
(di'enkgf'alon, -s6f'-) n.
between
engkephalon,
See
thalamencephalon
;
(anat.).
differentiation (diferen'shta'shun) n.
[L. differre, to differ.] The modification in structure of various organs
of the body owing to a division of
labour (zool.).
diffluence (diflooens) n.
[L. dis,
away
tion
fluere, to flow.]
Disintegra-
vacuoles
bursting (biol.).
diffuse (difus') a.
many
tion (phys.).
digit (dip) n. [L. digitus, finger.]
division of the limb in any
vertebrate above Fishes (zool.).
digital (dij'ital) a. [L. digitus, finger.]
Pert, finger or digit, also appl.
things resembling a digit (zool.).
digital
The
palp (zool.).
digitaliform
(dij'ital'iform)
finger
digitus,
forma,
a.
[L.
shape.]
(hot., zool.).
digitiform
finger
(dlj'itiform) a.
forma,
[L. digitus,
shape.]
Finger-
shaped
in walking (zool.).
digitinervate (dij'itiner'vat) a.
[L.
nervus, a sinew.]
digitus, finger
Having the veins radiating out from
the base like the fingers of a hand,
with usually five or seven veins
ground
appl. leaves
(bot.).
(dij'itipar'tit)
digitus, finger
a.
[L.
partire, to divide.]
a
hand-like pattern (bot.).
a.
digitipinnate (dij'itipin'at)
[L.
digitus, finger ;pinna, leaf.] Having
digitate leaves of which the leaflets
are pinnate (bot.).
digitule (dlj'itul) n.
[L.
digitus,
Any small finger-like profinger.]
cess
small process on the insect
(biol.).
With two
digitipartite
[L. diffundere, to
Widely spread
pour.]
DIG-
76
in
tarsi (zool.).
digoneutic (dl'gonu'tik)
twice
a.
to
goneuein,
Breeding twice a year
;
[Gk. dis,
produce.]
(zool.).
DIGdigonoporous (di'gonop'orus)
dis,
twice
birth
genos,
a.
;
[Gk.
poros,
genital
(zool.}.
(dot.},
dihybrid
(dlhl'brid) n.
[Gk.
twice
dis,
dilated (dlla'tgd)
[L. dilatare, to
Expanded or flattened
flatten.]
a.
wide margin
(zoo/.).
(dlla'tor) n.
[L.
dilator
expand.]
appl, any muscle
that expands or dilates any organ
(dllof'us) a.
[Gk.
two
di,
tetractinal
lophos,
Any
crest.]
spicule with two of its rays forked
like a crest (zool.}.
two-jointed tarsus
[Gk.
dis,
Having each
meros, part.]
(hot.}
with a
(zool.},
dimorphism
having
colouring
(zool.}.
dimyaric
(dim'iar'ik)
twice
mys, muscle.]
a.
[Gk.
dis,
Having two
adductor muscles
dinomic (dlnom'lk)
(zool.}.
a.
[Gk. dis,
twice
nomos, division.] Appl. an organism
restricted to two of the biogeo-
graphical
divisions
of
the
globe
(diol,},
dioecious
petalon,
two petals (bot.}.
(dle'shus)
a.
a.
[Gk.
dis,
Having
petal.]
dlphycercal
a.
(dif'fser'kal)
[Gk.
twofold kerkos, tail.] With
a tail in which the vertebral column
runs straight to the tip, thereby
the
fin
dividing
symmetrically
diptyes,
dlphy genie
(dlf'ijgn'lk) a,
[Gk. diphyes, twofold ; genos, birth.] With
two types of development of the
embryo
(anat.}.
dilophous
(zool.}.
dilatare, to
Name
twice
DIP-
77
[Gk.
dis,
(zool.},
diphyodont
diphyes,
With
a.
(dif'iodont')
twofold
odous,
and
deciduous
[Gk.
tooth.]
permanent
dis,
to
paedium
(zool.}.
a.
[Gk.
double
blastos,
bud.]
Having two distinct germ layers
diploblastic (dlp'loblas'tik)
diploos,
(zool.}.
(zool.}.
diplocaulescent (dip'lokoles'e'nt) a.
[Gk. diploos, double; kaulos, stem.]
With secondary stems (bot.}.
diploe (dip'loe) n.
[Gk. diploos,
The cancellous tissue
double.]
between the outer and inner
lamellae of certain skull bones
(anat.}.
diplogangliate (dip'logang'gliat) a.
gang-lion,
[Gk. diploos, double
;
DIPWith the
ganglion.]
usually arranged in pairs
ganglia
(zool.).
body
tissues
(biol.).
diploic (diplo'ik) a.
[Gk. diploos,
Occupying channels in
double.]
the cancellous tissue of certain
bones
DIS-
78
Breathto breathe.]
; pnein,
ing by gills and lungs (zool.).
diprotodont (dipro'todont) a.
[Gk.
first
oaous,
dis, twice ; protos,
two
anterior
the
Having
tooth.]
incisors large and prominent, the
rest of the incisors and canines
being smaller or absent (zool.).
twice
dipterocecidlum
n.
any insect
dipterous
twice
(zool.).
diploneural (dip'ldnu'ral) a.
[Gk.
neuron, nerve.]
diploos, double
Supplied with two nerves (anat.).
diploperistomous (dip'l6p6ris'tomus)
a.
peri,
[Gk. diploos, double
;
;
stotna, mouth.]
Having
a double projection or peristome
n.
outside
lying
membrane
nuclear
diplosphene (dip'ldsfen)
double
sphen,
diploos,
n.
[Gk.
wedge.]
on the
vertebrae of
the
(cyt.).
wedge-shaped process
neural
arch of the
diplospondylic
[Gk. diploos,
(dip'lospondil'ik)
double
a.
sphondylos,
a.
stemon, warp.]
in
dis,
(bot.,
(disk)
n.
[Gk.
diskos,
disc.]
animals
(zool.)
any modification
the thalamus (bot.) ; the area
marking the entrance of the optic
nerve into the eye ; cup-shaped
tactile structures in the skin ; the
mass of cells of the membrana
granulosa which projects into the
cavity of the egg follicle (anat.).
the inner florets borne
disc-florets,
on the abbreviated and reduced
in
many inflorescences
peduncle
;
of
(bot.).
in
a.
some Diptera
[Gk.
flower.]
(zool.).
(dis'kiflo'rus, dis'iflo'rus)
disc
flowers
diskos,
With
the receptacle
is
large
L. flos,
in which
and
disc-
like (bot.).
An
dis,
discoblastula (dls'kdblas'tula)
(zool.).
(bot.).
(dip'noan)
[Gk.
With two
discoblastic (dis'kdblas'tik) a.
[Gk.
Pert.
diskos, disc ; blastos, bud.]
meroblastic eggs in which the area
of segmentation
is
disc-shaped
pericarp
a.
shape
disciflorous
(zool.).
diplostemonous
dipnoan
(dip'terus)
pteron, wing.]
Any
caused by
(cyt.).
disc
[Gk.
flat.]
pteron, wing
gall
zool.).
in
(biol.).
(hot.).
diploplacula (dip'ldplak'ula)
diploos, double; plakoeis,
(dip'terdsesid'umi)
twice
around
centrosome
dis,
(anat.).
derm
[Gk.
a.
[Gk.
n.
[Gk.
DIS-
blastos,
bud.]
blastula formed from a meroblastic
tiiskos,
with
eg
DIS-
79
disc
disc-like
blastoderm
although
there
no
is
n.
[Gk. diskos,
A special
karpos, fruit.]
enlargement of the thalamus below
the calyx (bot.).
dlscoctasters (dis'koktas'terz) n. plu.
okto,
eight ;
[Gk. diskos, disc
aster, star.]
Sponge spicules with
disc
discohexactine
(dis'kohgksak'tin) n.
hex, six
;
actis,
ray.]
sponge spicule with six
equal rays meeting at right angles
(zoo!.).
discohexaster
(dis'kdhgksas'ter)
n.
diskos,
Flat
resemblance.]
and circular disc-shaped.
discoidal (dlskoi'dal) a. [Gk. diskos,
disc
eidos,
(oio/.).
disk,
dispermous (dispeYmus)
discocarp (dis'kokarp)
direct con-
twice
seeds
sperma, seed.]
a.
[Gk.
dis,
Having two
(oof.).
dispenny (dlspeYm!)
n.
[Gk. dis,
twice sperma, seed.] The entrance
of two spermatozoa into an ovum
;
(biol.).
dispersal (dispeYsal) n.
dis,
[L.
The
apart ; spargere, to strew.]
actual scattering or distributing of
organisms on the earth's surface
(fflO/.).
dispireme
(dlspfrem) n.
[Gk. dis,
twice speirema, skein.] The stage
of karyokinests in which each
daughter nucleus has given rise to
;
a spireme (cyt.).
displacement (displas'mSnt)
desplacier, to displace.]
n.
An
[O.F.
abnor-
dis, apart
Having the lamina
cut into lobes, the incisions reaching
nearly to the midrib (eot.).
dissepiment (disSp'iment) n. [L. dis,
;
secure, to cut.]
;
saepire, to
partition found in
apart
The
in.]
some compound
hedge
Disc-like ; appl.
eidos, like.]
segmentation in which the blasto-
in Corals, one of
ovaries (bot.)
the oblique calcareous partitions
disc
see
(emo.).
muta-
tion.
development
of
certain
Coelenterates (zoo/.).
discooctaster (dis'kooktas'ter),
see
discoctasters.
;;.
discoplacenta (dis'koplasen'ta)
[Gk.
diskos, disc
L. placenta, placenta.]
the villi on a
circular cake-like disc (zoo/.).
discus proligerus,
in a Graafian
follicle, the mass of cells immediately surrounding the ovum (emb.).
disjunct (disjungkt') a. [L. dis, apart ;
jungere, to join.] Having the body
regions separated by deep con-
placenta
with
strictions (zoo/.).
disjunctive
helpful
symbiosis, a mutually
condition
of
symbiosis
below
(zoo/.).
dissilient (dlsil'ien t) a.
[L. dis, apart
salire, to leap.]
Springing open
distichous (dis'tikus)
with two rows.]
brachalia,
a.
[Gk. distiches,
Pert, alternate
leaves, so arranged that the first is
directly below the third (bot.).
distractile (distrak'til) a.
[L. fit's,
dis,
apart
The
tribuere, to allot.]
twice
(zool.).
ditrochous (dlt'rokus)
a.
[Gk.
dis,
With a
twice ; trochos, runner.]
divided trochanter, or second joint
of the limb (zool.).
diurnal
(dlur'nal)
a.
DOR-
80
(divar'ikat)
varicare,
Widely divergent
(bot.)
a.
[L. dis,
to
straddle.]
bifid ; forked
divided (divl'ded)
a.
[L. dividere, to
cut by
which reach the midrib
leaves
appl.
(bot.).
division (divlzh'un) n. [L. dividere,
to divide.]
One of the smaller
groups of organisms which together
form a larger group (biol.) one of
the separate parts of which any
structure may be composed (biol.).
dizoic (dlzo'ik) a.
[Gk. dis, twice;
Pert, spore conzoon, animal.]
divide.]
incisions
(zool.).
dodecagynous
(do'dekaj'inus) a.
[Gk.
twelve ; gyne,
woman.]
Having twelve pistils (bot.).
dodecamerous
a.
(do'dekam'erus)
[Gk. dodeka, twelve
meros, part.]
Having each whorl composed of
twelve parts (bot.).
dodeka,
dodecandrous
a.
(do'dekan'drus)
[Gk. dodeka, twelve ; aner, man.]
Having at least twelve stamens
(bot.).
dolabriform (dolab'riform)
dolabra, mattock
forma,
Axe-shaped (biol.).
a.
[L.
shape.]
flowers
(bot.).
dominant
Men-
see
characters,
(hot., zool.).
divergency
dis,
The
stem circumference,
usually constant for a species, which
leaves in
consecutive
two
separates
fraction of a
a spiral (bot.).
divergent (diver'jgnt)
[L.
dis,
bend.] Separvergere,
apart
ated from one another appl. leaves
;
diverticulum
away
(dl'vgrtlk'ulum) n.
-vertere, to turn.]
or sac, blind at
the
distal
[L.
tube
end,
branching off from a canal or cavity
(zool.).
dorsal (dor'sal)
[L. dormire,
appl. any
which
may
a.
(bot.).
(dorsa'lis)
n.
dorsum,
[L.
dorsiferous
dorsum,
(bot.).
de,
(dor'mant)
a.
to sleep.]
Resting
structure or feature
later
develop
(Hoi.).
dorsalis
a.
to
dormant
(dorsif'erus)
back
With the
leaf (bot.)
ferre,
back
a.
to
[L.
carry.]
sori
fingere^ to
a.
fix.]
[L.
dorsum,
Having the
dorsispinal
a.
(dor'slspl'nal)
dorsum, back
spina, spine.]
[L.
Pert.
and spine
(anat.).
dorsiventral (dor'siven'tral) a.
[L.
dorsum, back venter, belly.] With
upper and lower surfaces distinct
;
Pert,
druppa,
berry.]
drupe
bearing drupes drupe-like (bot.).
n.
(droop),
[Gk. druppa,
drupe
A superior, one-celled
berry.]
with one or two seeds and
a fleshy sarcocarp, a hard endocarp
and the pericarp separable into its
fruit
component parts
(bot.).
components of the
raspberry
duct
fruit
of the
(bot.).
(diikt) n.
ductus.
Any tube which
conveys fluid or other substance
a
tube
formed
by a series
(anat.)
of cells which have lost their walls
at the points of contact (bot.).
ductless glands, glands which do
not communicate with any organ
directly by means of a duct, e.g.
also
(bot.).
dorsocentral (dor'sosen'tral) a.
[L.
centrum, centre.]
dorsum, back
Pert,
mid-dorsal surface ;
pert.
aboral surface
of Echinoderms
;
(zool.).
spleen (anat.).
ductule
(zool.).
(dor'stim)
n.
dorsum,
[L.
The
sulcular surface of
the tergum or notum
of Insects and Crustacea ; the back
or higher animals (zool.).
back.]
Anthozoa
drepanium
(drSpa'nlum) n.
[Gk.
drepanon, sickle.] A helicoid cyme
with the secondary axes developed
in a plane parallel to that of the
its
branch
first
(dot.).
dromaeognathous (dro'meog'nathus)
[Gk. dromein, to run gnathos,
jaw.]
Having a palate in which
the palatines and pterygoids do
not articulate, owing to the intervention of the vomer (zool.).
a.
dromotropic (dro'motrop'lk)
dromos, course
Bent in a spiral
trepein,
a.
[Gk.
to turn.]
(bot.).
n.
(dtik'tul)
[L.
ducere,
to
The
fine
thread-like
terminal portion of a duct (anat.).
lead.]
ductus
(zool?).
dorsum
DUP-
81
(duk'tus)
lead.]
n.
[L.
ducere,
to
See duct.
duodenal
twelve
(anat.).
duodenum
n.
(du'dde'num)
[L.
That porduodeni, twelve each.]
tion of the small intestine next to
the pyloric end of the stomach
(anat.).
(du'pllka'shun) n.
duplex, double.] See chorisis.
[L.
n.
(du'plika'tur)
circular
double.]
[L.
fold
duplication
duplicature
duplex,
near the base
portion
of
of the protrusible
polyzoan polypide
(zool.).
duplicident
duplex,
a.
[L.
(duplis'Idgnt)
;
dens,
tooth.]
pairs of incisors in
double
Having two
one
behind
the
duplicodentate (du'plikoden'tat) a.
dens, tooth.]
[L. duplex, double
With the marginal teeth on the
teeth-like
leaf
bearing smaller
;
structures
(bot.).
DURdura
mater
mat'eY) n.
mother.]
lining the
cerebro-spinal
(hot.).
The
half of a tetrad
group
dyne
(dl'aster) n.
(din) n.
The
dysmerogenesis (dls'merqjen'esis) n.
[Gk. dys, hard meros, part genesis,
birth.]
Segmentation resulting in
;
unlike parts
(bot.).
ecalcarate (ekal'karat) a.
[L. ex,
without calcar, spur.] Having no
with
no
spur (zool.)
spur-like pro;
ecardinal
without
(bot.).
(ekar'dinal) a.
[L.
ex,
cardo, hinge.]
Having
no hinge ; also ecardinate (zool.).
ecarinate (ekar'inat) a. [L. ex, without ; carina, keel.] Not furnished
with a keel or keel-like ridge (bot.,
;
zool.).
to oxidize (phys.).
cence
of
(bot.).
a.
demos, people.]
ecderon (ek'deron)
Not
native.
epiblastic (smb.).
ecdysis (ekdl'sis) n.
echinate (eVinat) a.
[Gk. echinos,
Furnished with spines or
spine.]
bristles (zool.).
echinochrome (gk'inokrom',
krom) n.
[Gk. echinos,
chroma, colour.]
ment found
ear (er) n. [A.S. eare.] The auditory
organ (anat.) the various structures
among invertebrates supposed to
have an auditory function
the
;
ecdemic (ekdem'ik)
(biol.).
Having
(erd) n.
[A.S. eare.}
external ears or pinnae ; with tufts
of feathers resembling ears (zool.)
having long bristles or processes, as
in the grains of corn, etc. (bot.).
(cyt.).
dyaster
cavity (anat.}.
dura
dyad
ECH-
82
in
ekl'no-
spine ;
colouring pig-
Echinoderms
(zool.).
spine.]
Pert,
a.
[Gk.
sea-urchins
(zool.).
echinopaedium (ek'fnope'dfum,
pe'dium) n.
pais, child.]
ekl'no-
See dipleurula.
ECHechinopluteus (eVinoploo'teus,
ploo'teus) n.
[Gk.
L. pluteus, shed.]
e'kl'no-
echinos, spine
The
larva or
its
sup-
(zool.).
echinulate (6kin'ulat)
a.
[Gk. echinos,
spine.]
(zool.).
ecology
(ekol'qji) n.
(ekteth'moid) n.
[Gk.
ektos, without ; ethmos, sieve ; eidos,
The
ethmoid
lateral
resemblance.]
bone (anat.).
ecthoraeum (ek'thore'um)
ekthroskein,
to
leap
n.
[Gk.
out.]
The
blast.
ectobronchium (ek'tobrong'kium)
[Gk. ektos, without
without
ektos,
n.
brongchos, wind-
See ectobronchus.
pipe.]
ectobronchus (ek'tobrong'kus)
brongchos,
[Gk.
wind-
Having
origin
(zool?).
kranton,
skull.]
wedge forma,
shape.]
bone
in
Polyzoa
(zool.).
ectoderm (eYtddgrm)
n.
[Gk. ektos,
(anatj.
outside
Able
(ektoj'e'nus) a.
gignesthai,
to live
[Gk. ektos,
produce.]
to
an independent
life
nervous system
(anat.).
ectolecithal (6k'tol6s'ithal) a.
[Gk.
ektos, outside
lekithos, yolk of an
the
surroundyolk
egg.] Having
the
formative
ing
protoplasm
;
(zool.).
ectoloph
n.
n.
(gk'tolof)
[Gk.
ektos,
The ridge
lophos, crest.]
stretching from the paracone to
the metacone in a lophodont molar
outside
(anat.).
ectomere (ek'tomer)
outside
cell
n.
meros, part.]
which gives
[Gk. ektos,
An
rise to
epiblast
ectoderm
(cyt.).
ectochondrostosis (ek'tdkondrosto'sis)
n.
chondros,
[Gk. ektos, without
cartilage ; osteon, bone.] The deposition of lime-salts beginning in
the perichondrium and gradually
invading the cartilage (anat.).
ectochone (ek'tokon) n. [Gk. ektio,
without ; choane, funnel.] A funnelshaped chamber into which the
ostia in certain Sponges lead (sool.).
;
ectocondyle
The
outside
ektos,
ectocuneiform
ectogenous
(cyt.).
ectethmoid
ektos,
ECT-
83
(elc'tdkon'dil)
n.
{Gk.
outside
kondylos,
knob.]
outer condyle of a bone
;
(anat.).
ectocranial
(eYtokra'nial)
a.
[Gk.
ectoparasite (eYtopar'asit) n.
ektos, outside ; para, beside
parasite that
food.]
the exterior of
ectopatagium
[Gk.
;
an organism
on
(zool.).
(ek'topata'jium)
sttos,
lives
patagium,
the wingcarried on
phalanges
(zool.).
ectophyte (eVtoflt)
n.
[Gk. ektos,
Name
phyton, plant.]
external
an
given
parasite in
the plant world (bot.).
n.
ectoplasm
[Gk.
(Sk'to'plazm)
ektos, outside
plasma, something
of
The
external
layer
moulded.]
protoplasm in a cell, usually slightly
in
a
the
ectosarc
modified (diol.) ;
outside
to
ECT-
the layer
protozoan cell (zool.)
next the cell-wall (bot.).
ectosarc (ek'tosark) n.
[Gk. ektos,
;
ternal,
in
Proto-
ectosome (ek'tosom)
n.
[Gk. ektos,
The ensoma, body.]
of
a
Sponge conveloping portion
(biol.).
no
taining
flagellated
chambers
(zool.).
ectosphere (ek'tosfer)
n.
[Gk. ektos,
The
outside
globe.]
sphaira,
outer zone of the attraction sphere
;
plants (bot.).
a
egg-case,
(cyt.).
(zool.).
egg-nucleus,
[Gk. ektos,
The outer
theke, cup.]
the
of
gonotheca in certain
coating
.
(zool.).
turbinals (zool.).
outside ; zoon,
ternal parasite
edaphic
(edaf'ik)
Pert, or
soil.]
edaphos,
influenced by the
(zool.)
tions
a.
Without teeth
tooth.]
without tooth-like projec-
dens,
;
(bot.).
edriophthalmlc
[Gk. edra, seat
(Phys.).
(zool.).
a.
[Gk.
edentate (eden'tat)
out
n.
[Gk. ektos,
An exanimal.]
(ek'tozo'on)
ectozopn
(cyt.).
Hydroids
for their
egg-cell,
outside
covering
protective
n.
[Gk. ektos,
ectosppre (ek'tospor)
outside ; sporos, seed.] The spore
formed at the end of each sterigma
in the Basidiomycetes (bot.).
ectotheca (ek'tothe'ka)
(zool.).
outside
(phys.).
layer of protoplasm
zoon
motor nerves
egest
outside
ELA-
84
of
assimilation
(pkys.)
to
(zool.).
(gd'Hofthal'mik)
a.
ophthalmos, eye.]
Having sessile eyes ; appl. certain
Crustacea (zool.).
efferent (ef'firent) a. [L. ex, out
;
Conveying from,
ferre, to carry.]
etc.
vessels,
lymphatics,
appl.
(anat.) ; carrying outwards, appl.
elaeodochon
(el'eod'okon) n.
oil-containing.]
preen-gland or oil-gland in
elaiodochos,
[Gk.
The
birds
(zool.).
elaioplast
(ell'oplast') n.
[Gk. elaion,
A plastid
plastos, moulded.]
a plant cell which forms or helps
to form oil globules (bot.).
oil
in
ELAelastic
fibres,
branched and
action
a.
[Gk. eleutheros,
consists of
fibro-cartilage,
cartilage cells and a matrix per-
vaded by
network
of
yellow
elastic
a type of connective
elastic tissue,
tissue in which elastic and yellowish
fibres are mixed with the nonelastic fibres (phys.).
[Gk. elauein, to
elastin (elas'tin) n.
The substance
drive.]
elastic tissues (phys.).
which forms
electroplax (616k'troplaks)
[Gk.
elektron, amber
plax, anything
broad and flat.] One of the constituent plates of an electric organ,
;
free
In-
petalon,
(dot.).
eleutherophyllous
(J>hys.).
elastic
(61u'th6r6fil'us) a.
eleutherosepalous (61u'th6rosep'alus)
a.
sepal.]
separate
(dot.).
elliptical (glip'tikal) a.
[Gk. elleipsis,
a falling short.]
Oval-shaped ;
leaves
of
about
the same
appl.
breadth at equal distances from
emarginate
(emar'jinat)
a.
ex,
[L.
electro-tonic
(gleYtroton'ik) a.
[Gk.
tonos, tension.]
elektron, amber ;
Pert, a state ofelectric tension (phys.).
electrotonus (elfiktrot'onus)
elektron,
amber
tonos,
n.
[Gk.
tension.]
The modified
condition of a nerve
when subjected to a constant
current of electricity (phys.).
n.
eleidin
[Gk. eleos,
(ele'Idln)
substance found
wandering.]
as small granules in the stratum
the
of
granulosum
epidermis,
probably a stage in the formation
of keratin (phys.).
element (eTement)
unit.]
n,
[L. elementum,
that cannot
substance
eleutherodactyl
[Gk.
EM
85
(61u'th6rodak'tTl) a.
free ;
eleutheros,
daktylos,
Having
finger.]
free (zool.).
eleutheropetalous
the
hind
toe
(glu'thgropeValiis)
embole (em'bole)
n.
[Gk. embole,
Invagination
embolic (embol'lk) a.
anything pointed.]
growing in (emb.).
embolium
[Gk. embolos,
Pushing
(gmbo'lium)
n.
or
[Gk.
The outer or
embolos, pointed.]
costal part of the wing in certain
insects (zool.).
embolomerous
(e'm'bolom'e'rus)
a.
embryo
(gm'brio)
embryo.]
n.
[Gk. embryon,
supporting
(biol.).
embryo
other
the
suspensor
embryo sac,
embryogeny
into
developing
the
(bot.).
the megaspore
[Gk.
is formed (emb.).
embryology (embriol'dji) n.
[Gk.
embryon, embryo logos, discourse.]
That part of biology dealing with
the formation and development of
the embryo (biol.).
embryonic (embrion'ik) a. [Gk. embryon, embryo.] Pert, embryo (biol.).
embryophore (em'briofor) n.
[Gk.
embryon, embryo pherein, to bear.]
;
The
from
the
superficial
blastomeres of the embryo (zool.).
embryotegia (Smbriote'jia) n.
[Gk.
embryon, embryo tegos, roof.] The
small hardened portion of the testa
which marks the micropyle in some
seeds and separates like a little lid
at the period of germination (bot.).
embryotrophy (Sm'briot'rofi) n. [Gk.
to
embryo
embryon,
trephein,
formed
many
emergence (emeYjens)
mergere, to dip.]
(emiil'sin) n.
[L. emulgere,
An enzyme
to milk out.]
certain plants
found
in
(bot.).
(enam'el) n.
[O.F. esmaillier,
enamel
the
known
enantioblastic
a.
(enan'tloblas'tik)
blastos,
[Gk. enantios, opposite
bud.] Formed at the end of the
seed opposite the placenta (bot.).
enarthrosis (en'arthro'sis) n. [Gk. en,
in ; arthron, joint.] Ball-and-socket
;
joint (anat.).
encephalocoel (enkef'alosel,
-sef-)
n.
koilos, hollow.]
encephalon (enkef'alon,
-sef-) n.
[Gk.
The
encephalospinal
(enkef'alospi'nal,
-sSf-) a.
[Gk. enkephalos, within
the head ; L. spina, spine.] Pert.
the brain and spinal cord (anat.).
enchylema
n.
Any
of the out-
emersed
(en'klle'ma) n.
[Gk. en,
The more fluid
chylos, juice.]
protoplasm in a cell (biol.):
encyst (ensist') v. [Gk. en, in ; kystis,
bladder.] Of a cell or small animal,
in
(bot.).
emlnentla
(em'isari)
out.]
a.
[L.
Coming
capsule
endarch
name
within
(anat.).
(biol.).
(find'ark)
n.
[Gk. en,
small variable
a.
[Gk.
endon,
With
arche, beginning.]
central
protoxylem, or with
several surrounding a central pith
;
(bot.).
endaspidean (end'aspid'ean)
a.
[Gk.
endon, within aspis, shield.] With
the scutes extending on the inner
surface of the tarsus (zool.).
;
empodium (gmpo'dium)
pous, foot.]
encystment
emittere,
out
appl. veins passing through apertures in the cranial wall and estabconnection between the
lishing
sinuses inside and the veins outside
of
to
(bot.).
n.
(embrioj'en!)
;
in
enamel
genos, birth.]
embryon, embryo
The processes by which the embryo
emissary
to send
END-
86
END-
END-
endemic (SndSm'lk)
[Gk. en, in
a.
enderon (Sn'dSron)
The
deros, skin.]
[Gk. en, in ;
inner or endo-
n.
The
within.]
n.
mesial border
of certain Crustacea (zool.).
endoblast (gn'doblast) n. [Gk. endon,
within ; blastos, bud.] The hypoa.
[Gk.
Situ-
endocardlal
(gn'dokir'dial),
endocardiac.
see
kardia, heart.]
The
heart
(anat.).
within
(fin'dokarp) n.
[Gk. endon,
The
karpos, fruit.]
inner-
endocarpold (Sn'dokar'poid)
a.
[Gk.
endon, within karpos, fruit.] Having
the disc-like ascocarps embedded in
the thallus (dot.).
;
endochondral (6n'd6kon'dral) a.
endon, within
[Gk.
chondros, cartilage.]
usually
cephalopod shells
(Pal.).
endocranium (gn'dokra'nium) n.
[Gk.
endocrine (Sn'dokrfn)
within
a.
[Gk. endon,
endocyde
(gn'dosl'kl) n.
[Gk. endon,
within
;
layer of
kyklos, circle.]
tissue separating the internal phloem
(dot.).
a.
endocycllc (gn'dosik'lik)
[Gk.
endon, within kyklos, circle.] With
the mouth remaining in the axis of
the coil of the gut, appl. Crinoids
having an apical system with a
double circle of plates surrounding
the anus, appl. Echinoids (zool.)
pert, endocycle (dot.).
endocyst (gn'dosist) n. [Gk. endon,
within
The soft
kystis, bladder.]
body wall of a zooid in a Polyzoan
;
(zool.).
endoderm (gn'dodgrm)
within
n.
[Gk. endon,
derma, skin.]
The hypo-
tract (emd.).
disc,
endoderm
(zool.).
found
(eVdokl'lus)
(zool.).
endodermis (en'dodeVmis)
n.
[Gk.
endon, within
derma, skin.] The
innermost layer of the cortex in
plants (dot.).
endogamy (findSg'ami) n. [Gk.end0n,
within gamos, marriage.] Zygote
formation within the cyst by the
;
[Gk. endon,
One of the
conical structures formed in certain
ossification
canals start
[Gk. endon,
appl.
(anat.).
endochone (gn'dokon)
within
a. [Gk. endon,
within
Pert, the
koilos, hollow.]
inner wall of the coelom, i.e. the
(dot.).
endocoelar (n'dose'lar)
blast (emd.).
endocardiac (gn'dokar'diak)
endocarp
tissue
en,
endites (gndlts')
a.
[Gk.
END-
ENDreciprocal
products
another
endogastric (6n'dogas'trik)
n.
[Gk.
endon, within ; neuron, nerve.] The
delicate connective tissue holding
together and supporting the nerve
fibres within the funiculus (anat.).
a.
[Gk.
endon, within gaster, belly.] Having the curvature of the body with
the enclosing shell towards the
ventral side (zool.}.
;
endogenous
(gndoj'enus) a.
endon, within
genos, birth.]
;
[Gk.
endogenous
see
multiplication,
spore formation.
endogeny
(findqj'Sni) n.
[Gk. endon,
endognath
n.
[Gk.
(en'dognath')
endon, within ; gnathos, jaw.] The
inner branch of the oral appendages
of Crustacea (zool.).
n.
(gn'dognath'ion)
;
gnathos, jaw.]
of the maxilla
bearing a central incisor
endognathion
(anat.).
peridium
(bot.).
endophragm
n.
(gn'dofram)
(Sn'dogonid'ium)
[Gk. endon, within gonos, offspring.]
A gonidium formed in a receptacle
the colony-forming cells in such
forms as Volvox (bot.).
.
endolabium (Sn'dola'blum)
endon, within
n.
[Gk.
L. labium, lip.J
endolaryngeal
(zool.).
thoracic
apodemes
Crustacea
in
(zool.).
Belonging
phragm
or pert,
to
the
a.
endon,
water.]
a.
(gn'dolfmfat'ik)
within ;
L. lympha,
delicate
connective
tissue
endo-
(zool.).
endophyte
(gn'dofit) n.
[Gk. endon,
within
phyton, plant.]
plant
within
growing
another, either as
or
otherwise
parasite
(bot.).
endophytic (en'dofit'ik) a.
[Gk.
endon, within \phyton, plant.] Living
in the cavities of other plants (bot.).
endoplasm (Sn'doplazm) n.
[Gk.
endon, within ; plasma, something
The
or
inner
moulded.]
endosarc,
portion of the protoplasm in a cell
(biol.).
(en'dolar'mje'al, -larin'-
endolymphatic
[Gk.
phragma, fence.} A
septum formed by the cephalic and
endon, within
endogonidium
[Gk.
De-
in
(anat.).
endoneurium (gn'donu'rium)
(zool.).
which
(biol.).
endopleura
(Sn'ddploo'ra)
n.
endopleurite (gn'doploo'rit)
[Gk.
The
n.
[Gk.
endon, within ; pleura, side.] The
epimeral portion of the apodeme
(zool.).
endopodite
n.
(gndop'odit)
[Gk.
The
endon, within
pous, foot.]
inner or mesial branch of a biramous crustacean limb, or the only
part of the biramous limb remaining
;
(zool.).
endoral
within
(findo'ral)
a.
[Gk.
endon,
L.
Pert.
os,
mouth.]
structures situated in the vestibule
of certain Protozoa (zool.).
;
ENE-
89
endorhachis
n.
[Gk.
(gn'dora'kis)
endon, within ; rhachis, stem.]
tissue
layer of connective
lining
the canal of the vertebral column
and the cavity of the skull (anat.).
endosarc
within
(fin'dosark) n,
sarx,
flesh.]
plasm.
endosiphuncle
[Gk. endon,
See endo-
(gn'dosifung'kl)
n.
[Gk.
endon, within ; skeletos, hard.] The
inner skeleton as opposed to the
exoskeleton (zoo!.).
endosmosis
(Sn'dSsmo'sTs) n.
[Gk.
endon, within ; osmos, pushing in-
fluence.]
endosome
(e"n'dos5m) n.
[Gk. endon,
soma, body.] The chromatinic mass near the centre of a
vesicular type of nucleus (cyt.).
within
endosperm
(gn'dospgrm) n.
[Gk.
endon, within sperma, seed.] The
female prothallium (pot.).
endospore (fin'dospor) n. [Gk. endon,
within ; sporos, seed.] The inner
coat of the sporocyst in some
Protozoa (zoo!.) ; an asexual spore
the inner coat of a spore wall
;
(bot.\
endosporium
(Sn'dospo'rium),
endospore.
endosteal (e"nd8s'teal)
within
osteon,
endosteum
a.
bone.]
see
[Gk. endon,
Pert, the
(ana/.).
The
attachment
endosttmm
n.
(gndos'teum)
endon, within
osteon, bone.]
internal
periosteum lining
cavities of bones (anaf.).
endostosis
n.
(gn'dosto'sis)
endon, within osteon, bone.]
fication which begins in the
;
[Gk.
The
the
endotheca
[Gk.
endon,
The
n.
(gn'dothe'ka)
within ; theke, box.]
and mosses
anther
(dot.).
endothelium (Sn'dothe'llum)
n.
[Gk.
endon, within
thele, nipple.]
squamous epithelium which lines
the serous cavities, the heart, blood,
;
thorax, chest.]
apodeme system
in
The
a crustacean
thorax (zoo!.).
end-plates, the ramified expansions
within the muscular fibre which
form the ends of a motor nerve
(anat.).
endysis
(gndl'sls) n.
[Gk. endysts,
putting on.] The development of
a new coat (zoo!.).
energesis (6n'6rj e'sts) n. [Gk. energein,
to be active.] The process by which
energy is liberated through katabolic action (phys.).
n.
[Gk. en, in ;
Any living uniwork.]
nucleated protoplasmic unit with
or without a cell wall (bot.)
energld
[Gk.
Ossicarti-
(6n'6rjld)
enervose (eneVvos)
a.
[L. ex, withnervus, sinew.] Having no
leaves
certain
(bot.).
veins, appl.
out
n.
ergon,
lage (anaf.).
endostracum (gndos'trakum)
[Gk.
ENG-
ENT-
90
entocondyle
a.
[Gk. enteron,
alimentary canal
(Sn'tgrlk)
With an
gut.]
n.
(6n't6rosel')
;
koilos, hollow.]
[Gk.
gut
enteron,
outgrowths (emb.).
enteron (en'teron) n.
[Gk. enteron,
The alimentary
gut.]
a.
(entlr')
touched.]
margin
tract (zool.).
enter, un-
[M.E.
With
a
appl. leaves
continuous
(dot.).
brangchia,
gills.]
entobronchus(e'n'tobrong'kus),
ento-
bronchium.
entochondrostosis
(gn'tokondrosto'sis) n.
[Gk. entos, within chondros,
cartilage ; osteon, bone.] Ossification from within outwards (zool.).
;
entocodon
(gn'tb'ko'don)
within
kodon,
n.
[Gk.
bell.]
The
The
entocuneifonn
(n'tbkune'iform) n.
[Gk. entos, within kuneos, wedge
L.forma, shape.] The most internal
of the distal row of tarsal bones
;
(anat.).
entocyemate
(gn'tosie'mat)
a.
[Gk.
entos, within
Anthozoa
(zool.).
(en'togas'trik) a.
[Gk.
Pert.
entos, within ; gaster, belly.]
interior of stomach ; appl. gastric
budding in Medusae (zool.).
entoglossal (Sn'toglos'al) a.
[Gk.
entos, within ; glossa, tongue.] Lying
in the substance of the tongue
(anat.).
entomology
(en'tb'morojT) n.
[Gk.
entomon, insect
logos, discourse.]
That portion of zoology dealing
with Insects (zool.).
;
[Gk.
entomon, insect philein, to love.]
Pollinated by the agency of insects
;
(**}
entophyte
(en'toflt)
n.
[Gk. entos,
n.
entos,
[Gk.
entogastric
(zool.).
enterocoel
entire
kondylps, knob.]
tois (smb.).
(anat.).
enteric
n.
(en'tokon'dil)
entos, within
entos, within
F. plastron, breast-
entopterygold
(fin'topteVigoid)
n.
eidos,
(zool.).
entosphere
(Sn'tosfer) n.
[Gk. entos,
within
(biol.).
entosternite (gn'tostSr'nlt)
within
entos,
sternon,
Endosternite.
;
entosternum (SntostSr'num)
entos, within
n.
[Gk.
breast.]
n.
sternon, breast.]
[Gk.
The
ENT-
entoplastron
of the sternum of numerous Arthro;
pods (zool.).
entoturbinals
(e'n'totur'binalz) n. plu.
[Gk. entos,
within ; L. ovum, egg.] Pert, canal
of
ovaries
certain
formed in the
Fishes by the insinking and closure
of a groove formed by the covering
epithelium
entozoa
(zool.).
(gn'tozo'a) n. plu.
within
zoon, animal.]
for all
internal
name
[Gk. entos,
general
parasites
(zool.).
entozoic (gn'tozo'ik) a.
[Gk. en/as,
within
zoon,
Living
animal.]
within the body or substance of
another plant or animal (zool.).
entrochite (gntro'klt) n. [Gk. en, in ;
The joint of the
trochos, wheel.]
fossil stem of a stalked Crinoid(/a/.).
;
envelope (gn'vgldp)
covering.]
ings of an
n.
[F. enveloppe,
of the outer coveregg (zool.} ; any surround-
One
ing structure,
floral
e.g.
envelop
(gnvl'ronme'nt) n.
[F.
environ, about.] The sum-total of
the external influences acting on
an organism
(bio/.).
enzyme
in
n.
;
[Gk. en,
(en'zfm)
zyme, leaven.] A chemical or unorganized soluble ferment (phys.}.
Eocene (e'osen) n. [Gk. eos, dawn ;
The earliest or
kainos, recent.]
oldest division of the Tertiary
system
Eogaea
palpus, palp.J
n.
[Gk.
eos,
dawn
A zoogeographical divi-
gaia, land.]
sion including Africa, S. America,
and Australasia cf. Caenogaea.
;
eosinophile
dawn
(e'osTn'ofil)
a.
[Gk.
eos,
Appl.
philein, to love.]
cells which readily stain a brilliant
;
colour
when
treated with
The
in
the
stage
akme, point.]
phylogeny of a group just previous
to its reaching its summit (pal.).
epalaceous (e'pala'shus) a.
[L. ex,
[L. ex,
a.
palpi (zool.).
epapillate (epSp'ilat) a.
out papilla, nipple.]
Not having
papillae (zool.).
epapophyals (gp'apof'isis) n.
[Gk.
epi, upon
apophysis, offshoot.] A
median process arising from the
;
plu.
[F.
Branched or
shoulder.]
knobbed processes projecting from
the outer side of the oral arms
tyaule,
axis,
a.
[Gk.
epi,
Above the
axis.]
by
upon
axis ;
verte-
conditions
(bot.).
The cerebellum
brain.]
(anat.).
ependyma
(gpgn'dima), ependyme
7
(e'pe'ndlm ) n. [Gr. ependyma, outer
garment/] The layer of cells lining
the cavities of the brain and spinal
cord
(pal.}.
(e'oje'a)
a.
epaxlal (gpak'slal)
(dot.}.
environment
red
shaped (bot.).
epaleaceous (e'palea'shus)
epalpate (epal'pat)
entovarlal (Sn'tova'rial)
Not spade-
(anat.).
ependymal (gpgn'dimSl) a.
[Gk. epen-
hebe,
puberty.]
Pert,
stage
in
ephemerals
EPHephippium (efip'ium)
upon hippos, horse.]
n.
[Gk.
epi,
The pituitary
for the
(zool).
epibasal
(6f ir'ula),
epicerebral
epi,
(zool.).
ephyra.
[Gk. epi, upon
(ep'iba'sal) a.
many Ascidians,
hypophyseos of the
sphenoid (anat) a thickened and
indurated part of the shell which
separates from the rest at ecdysis
fossa, or fossa
ephyrula
EPI-
92
(ep'ikll'ium) n.
epichilium
upon
The
cheilos, lip.]
lower
lobe of the
orchid (bot.).
[Gk. epi,
terminal
of an
petal
epichordal (ep'ikor'dal)
a.
[Gk.
epi,
chorde, cord.]
Upon the
notochord appl. vertebrae in which
the ventral cartilaginous portions
epibenthos (gp'ibgn'thos)
upon
[Gk.
upon
epi,
Fauna and
benthos, depths.]
flora
n.
[Gk. epi(gp'ible'ma) n.
blema, cover.] The outermost layer
of the root-tissue (bot.).
eplblema
epibolic (gp'ibol'ik) a.
ballein, to throw.]
cover over
tion (emb.).
ballein, to throw.]
epi, upon
Growth of one
[Gk.
in
embryonic
eplbranchial (ep'ibrang'kial)
upon
brangchia,
a.
gills.]
[Gk.
Pert.
kalyx,
cup.]
The
stipules,
koilos, hollow.]
mid-brain in the
visceral
;
[Gk.
The
The
lower vertebrates
the cerebellar cavity (anat) a peri;
formed by invagina-
visceral cavity
tion (zool).
epicoelia
(ep'ise'lia)
upon
koilia, cavity.]
epicondylar
upon
n.
[Gk. epi,
Epicoele.
[Gk.
(gp'lkon'dilar) a.
kondylos, knob.] Pert.
n.
[Gk.
epi,
upon
epicoracoid (Sp'ikor'akoid) a.
[Gk.
epi, upon ; korax, crow
eidos, rePert,
an
element
semblance.]
usually cartilaginous in nature at
the sternal end of the coracoid in
;
(hot).
epicotyl
(ep'ikot'il) n.
The
kotyle, vase.]
(hot).
epicotyledonary
(anat.).
epicardium (ep'ikar'dium) n.
kardia, heart.]
epi, upon
(anat)
epicoele (ep'isel) n.
epi,
(epib'oli) n.
epiboly
upon
(zool.).
(biol).
epi,
[Gk.
epi,
upon
axis of a plumule
(ep'lkot'iled'onari) a.
in
come
epi,
(Pal.}.
upon
epigastrium (Sp'Tgas'trium) n.
gaster, stomach.]
epi, upon
a.
[Gk. epi,
(ep'ikrit'ik)
Pert.
krinein, to judge.]
upon
return and accurate localization of
elaborate sensations after an opera-
epicritic
;
n.
[Gk.
epi,
upon
The
external layer
of the ectoplasm in certain Protozoa
epigenesis
wings (zool.).
epidermis (gp'Tder'mis)
derma, skin.]
upon
;
n.
[Gk.
The
epi,
epithelium of ectodermic
origin the single layer of ectoderm
in many invertebrates (zool.).
stratified
;
(ep'ijen'e'sis) n.
epiglottis
upon
[Gk.
epi,
(anat.).
epigamic (ep'fgam'ik) a.
[Gk. epi,
upon gamos, marriage.] Tending
;
[Gk.
epi,
in
Polyzoa
the epistome
the epipharynx in In;
sects (zool.).
epignathous(6p'igna'thus,6pig'nathus)
a.
[Gk. epi, upon gnathos, jaw.]
Having the upper jaw longer than
the lower (zool.).
;
(bot.).
n.
(ep'iglot'is)
sporangial
epi,
the ground,
(anat., zool.).
and meta-
anterior
(ep'idu'ral) a.
The
the sternal
(bot.).
outer-
layer of stems,
roots, and leaves, occasionally it
be
the
outer
layer of the
may
ground tissue (hot.) ; the external
layer of the skin, a non-vascular
protective
epidural
upon
(zool.).
most
tion (phys.).
(Ip'islt)
[Gk.
(anat.).
kytos, hollow.]
epicyte
epi,
etc. (anat.).
epicranlum (gp'ikra'nium) n.
[Gk.
kranion, skull.] The
epi, upon
region between and behind the
eyes in an insect's head (zool)
the structure covering the cranium
ally
EPI-
93
sac
in
the
Liverworts
epigynous (gpij'mus) a.
[Gk. epi,
upon gyne, woman.] Having the
;
epigyny
(epij'inl) n.
[Gk. epi, upon
The condition of
gyne, woman.]
having the whorls apparently inserted in the ovary (bot.).
epihyal (gp'ihi'al) a. [Gk. epi, upon
hyoeidcs, Y-shaped.] Pert, the upper
;
hyoid arch
epimerite
(epim'e'rlt)
[Gk. epi,
meros, part.] The deciduous
portion of the protomerite in certain
upon
Gregarines
(zool.}.
epimeron (epim'eron)
upon meros, part.]
n.
[Gk. epi,
A portion of
the pleuron in insects which may
be posterior or nearly as far forward
as the episternum a portion of the
arthropod segment between the
tergum and the limb insertions
;
(zool.}.
proliferation
of
new
material pre-
(ep'imlz'ium) n.
[Gk. epi,
upon ; mys, muscle.] The sheath
of areolar tissue which invests the
muscle
entire
perimysium
cf.
(anal.}.
(anal.}.
n.
epiparasite (ep'ipar'asit)
upon
para, beside
Ectoparasite.
epipetalous (ep'ipet'alus)
[Gk.
epi,
sites, food.]
a.
[Gk.
cpi,
(zool.}.
epipharynx
epi, upon
(ep'ifa'ringks)
n.
[Gk.
A
pharyngx, throat.]
projection on the roof of the mouth
;
Diptera
(zool.}.
epiphragm
phragma,
n.
(ep'ifram)
covering.]
[Gk. epilayer of
epiphysial (ep'ifiz'ial) a.
[Gk. epi,
upon phyein, to grow.] Pert, or
;
(zool.}.
(ep'inas'ti) n.
[Gk.
epi,
upon
The more
epineural
a.
[Gk. epi,
Arising
upon ; neuron, nerve.]
from the neural arch of a vertebra
(anat.}
pert, canal immediately
below the radial nerve cord in the
Ophiuroidea, which represents the
(ep'inu'ral)
epineurium
epi, upon
(zool.}.
(ep'mu'rium) n.
[Gk.
The
neuron, nerve.]
external sheath of a nerve cord
(anat.}.
(biol.}.
epimysium
epinasty
EPI-
94
epiphyte
(zool.}.
(ep'ifit) n.
epiphytic
upon
(ep'ifit'ik)
phyton,
a.
plant.]
similar to an epiphyte
epiphytotic
upon
[Gk.
Pert,
epi,
or
(bot.}.
(ep'ifitot'ik) a.
;phytoft, plant.]
[Gk. epiy
Pert, disease
in plants (bot.}.
epidemic
epiplankton (ep'iplang'kton) n. [Gk.
epi, upon
plangktos, wandering.]
;
That portion
line (zool.}.
eplplasm (Sp'iplazm) n.
[Gk. epi,
upon plasma, something moulded.]
of
a
brood
mother-cell
Cytoplasm
remaining over unused in brood
;
formation
epiplastron
(biol.}.
(p'iplas'tron) n.
[Gk.
F. plastron, breast-plate.]
One of the anterior pair of bony
plates in the plastron of Chelonians
epi,
upon
(zool.}.
n.
[Gk. epi,
One of ribin Teleosts which
structures
are not preformed in cartilage ; an
uncinate process in birds ; the
turned down outer margin of the
elytra of certain beetles (zool.}.
epiploic (gp'iplo'ik) a. [Gk. epiploon,
caul of the entrails.]
Pert, the
like
omentum.
the opening beepiploic foramen,
tween the bursa omentalis and the
of
sac
the
large
peritoneum ; the
foramen of Winslow (anat.}.
epiploon (gp'iplo'on)
caul of the
n.
entrails.]
omentum
(anat.}
tissue (zool.}.
[Gk. epiploon,
The great
adipose
insect
podium.
pterygoid
leaf-lamina
(bot.}
ridge
or
fold
Echinoidea
(zool.}.
columella
called
also
(zool.}.
epipubic
upon
(ep'ipu'blk) a.
L. pubes, adult.]
upon
certain
[Gk.
Pert,
the
epi,
or
pubis
appl.
cartilages or bones princi;
epipubis
(ep'fpu'bis)
n.
[Gk.
epi,
[Gk.
epi,
upon
epirhizous (epTrfzus)
upon
rhiza, root.]
a.
Growing upon
a root (bot.}.
episepalous (gp'isep'alus)
upon
a.
[Gk.
Adnate
sepalon, sepal.]
epi,
to
endoskeleton
(zool.}.
episperm (Sp'isperm)
upon sperma, seed.]
;
n.
[Gk.
The
epi,
testa or
(bot.}.
episporangium (gp'isporan'jTum) n.
seed
[Gk. epi, upon
sporos,
;
anggeion,
n.
[Gk. epi,
A process
upon
pous, foot.]
from
the
basal
arising
joint of the
crustacean limb and usually ex(epip'odij)
[Gk.
epipodial (ep'ipo'dial) a.
[Gk. epi,
upon pous, foot.] Pert, the epi-
n.
borne
epipleura (ep'iploo'ra)
upon pleuron, rib.]
epipodite
EPI-
95
vessel.]
An
indusium
(bot.}.
n.
[Gk. epi, upon ;
The outer layer of
the wall of a sporocyst (zool.}.
episternalia (6p'ist6rna'lia) n. plu.
[Gk. epi, upon ; sternon, breastTwo small elements prebone.]
formed in cartilage frequently interin
vening
development between the
clavicles and
the sternum, and
ultimately fusing with the sternum
epispore (ep'ispor)
sporos, seed.]
(zool.}.
somite
(zool.}.
episternum (ep'isteYnum)
[Gk.
sternon, breast-bone.]
epi, upon
.
The
also applied to
an anterior cartilaginous element
of the sternum ; a lateral division
of an arthropod somite, usually
interclavicle
EPI-
96
teriorly placed
Crustacea
of the
body
behind
the
head immediately
labrum a portion of the rostrum
;
epistropheus
ep'istro'-
(ep'istro'feus,
fyus) n.
[Gk. epistropheus, turning.]
The axis vertebra (anat}.
epitheca
n.
(gp'ithe'ka)
An
[Gk.
epi,
external
theke, cup.]
layer surrounding the lower part
of the theca in many Corals (zool}.
;
epithecium
shtum) n.
gp'ithe'-
(e"p'ithe'kium,
[Gk.
The
cup.]
upon
epi,
surface
theke,
of the spore-
lium.
epithelium
epi,
(ep'lthe'lium) n.
thele,
nipple.]
tissue
covering a
upon
cellular
[Gk.
Any
free
epithem
upon
;
of
tokos,
(zool.).
epitrichium
(ep'itrlk'ium) n.
[Gk.
An outer
thrix, hair.]
of
the
layer
epidermis in the foetus
of many mammals, usually shed
before birth (emb.}.
epi,
upon
n.
(gp'itrok'lea)
[Gk.
The
trochos, wheel.]
upon
inner condyle at the distal end of
the humerus (anat.).
epitrochlea
epi,
epitympanic
epi, upon
drum.]
num
(e'p'itimpan'ik) a.
[Gk.
L. tympanum, kettle-
(zool.).
(ep'iksi'lus,
epik'siliis)
a.
upon
wood.]
xylon,
Growing upon wood (bot.).
epizoic (ep'izo'ik) a. [Gk. epi, upon
[Gk.
epi,
another animal
epizoon (gp'izo'on)
zoon, animal.]
on another
(zool.).
(zool.).
epizootic
upon
among
(ep'izoot'ik)
zoon,
a.
animal.]
animals
[Gk.
epi,
Common
(zool.).
n.
[Gk. epi,
(ep'izl'gal)
The upper
zygon, yoke.]
in
a syzygial pair of
ossicle
brachials or columnars in the
Crinoids (zool.}.
epizygal
upon
eponychium
[Gk.
onyx, nail.] The thin
cuticular fold which overlaps the
lunula of the nail (anat.) ; the
dorsal portion of a neonychium
epi,
upon
(ep'onik'ium)
(emb.).
epoophoron
epi, upon
(gp'ooftiron) n.
[Gk.
oon, egg ; p herein, to
n.
(ep'Tthgm)
tithenai, to put.]
[Gk.
eft,
group
colourless
parensurrounding a space
in the tissue of a plant and forming
a hydathode (bot.) an excrescence
specialized
chyma
Designating
birth.]
epixylous
(bot.).
upon
upon
Polychaetes
(zool.).
epistoma (ep'isto'ma) n.
[Gk. epi,
upon stoma, mouth.] The region
between the antenna and the mouth
in
EQU-
cells
epi,
the
longitudinal
splitting
of
the
EQU-
97
(cyt.}.
(zool.}.
equicellular (ek'wiseTular) a.
[L.
aequus, equal cellula, cell.] Composed of equal cells (zool.}.
equilateral (ek'wilat'e'ral) a.
[L.
aequus, equal ; latiis, side.] Having the sides equal
appl, shells
which are symmetrical about a
transverse line drawn through the
;
umbo
(zool.}.
equitant (gk'witant)
a.
[L. equitare,
to ride.]
lapping,
saddlewise,
two
a.
the
overleaves
[L. aequus,
EftVergatandrous
(grgatan'driis) a.
[Gk.
Hav-
ergates,
eriophyllous (eYiofil'us) a.
[Gk.
erion, wool phyllon, leaf.]
Having
leaves with a cottony appearance
;
(bot.}.
erose
(eros') a.
wear
margin
[L. erodere, to
the
Having
away.]
ersaeome
(eYseorh) n.
[Gk. erse,
The free monogastric
young.]
generation of Siphonophora (zool.}.
alike in
form and
erect (erekt')
a.
size (zool.}.
caterpillar
(zool.}.
erectile tissue,
being made
a tissue capable of
and dilated by
rigid
a.
flies (sool.}.
insect
appl.
larvae
(zool.}.
erumpent
(eriim'pent) a.
(bot.}.
erythrin
(grith'rin) n.
[Gk. erythros,
matter found
red colouring
red.]
in certain Algae (&?/.).
erythrism
(erith'rizm) n.
ros, red.]
cessive
from
erythrocyte
(grtth'roslt) n.
[Gk. eryth-
A red blood
erythrophilous (eVithrofllus)
a.
[Gk.
*'
ERY-
ETI-
appl. structures
in a cell
or to a
[Gk.
red
erythrozym
n.
(erith'rozlm)
erythros, red ; zyme, leaven.]
some
[Gk.
One
erythrozyme
(grith'rozlm) n.
[Gk.
erythros, red ; zyme, leaven.] An
capable of decomposing
ruberythric acid (phys.}.
escape (6skap') n.
[M.E. escapen.]
enzyme
now
a.
[L. esculentus,
edible.]
n.
(esktich'un)
[O.F.
escuchon, shield.] The area on the
rump of many quadrupeds which is
either variously coloured or has the
hair specially arranged the mesoscutellum of certain insects ; the
ligamental area of certain bivalves
;
(xool.}.
esophagus
Not
supplied
(esof'agus),
out
spatha,
spathe
Having no
sheath.]
(hot.).
without
scale
squama,
a.
scale.]
Having no
(bot.}.
of the sea.]
an estuary
animals (biol.}.
in
(ete'rlo)
association.]
eidos,
ethmoidal
a.
[Gk.
(ethmoi'dal)
ethmos, sieve ; et'dos, shape.] Pert.
region of the ethmoids (anat.}.
ethmoidal notch, a quadrilateral
space separating the two orbital
parts of the frontal (anat.}.
ethmolysian
[Gk.
(eth'molis'ian) a.
sieve ; lyein, to loosen.]
an apical system in which
Pert,
till
ethmopalatine
a.
(eth'mopal'atin)
sieve ; L. palatus,
Found in the ethmopalate.]
palatine region, or stretching from
the ethmoid to the palatine (zool.}.
[Gk.
ethnics,
ethmophract (eth'mofrakt)
a.
[Gk.
ethmos, sieve phrassetn, to fence
Pert,
a
in.]
simple, compact, apical
system with the pores occurring
only in the right anterior corner
(zool.}.
n.
see aesti-
a.
[L. aestus,
Pert, or found
appl.
plants
and
[Gk. efairia,
fruit
an
composed of
L. turbo,
plu. [Gk. ethmos, sieve
whorl.J Cartilages or bones in the
which
are
folded
of
the
nostril
cavity
so as to increase the olfactory area
;
(zool.}.
ethmovomerine (eth'movo'merin)
etaerio
ex,
estivation (gs'tiva'shun),
swell
[L.
Having
(bot.}.
estipulate (estip'ulat) a.
out ; stipula, stem.]
stipules
(zool.}.
a.
[Gk. ethmos,
shape.] Pert, bones
which form a considerable part of
the walls of the nasal cavity (anat.\
sieve
ethmoturbinals (eth'motur'binalz)
[L. ex, with-
a.
esquamate (eskwa'mat)
no
Arabia
ethmoid (eth'moid)
oeso-
see
phagus.
organism (phys.}.
espathate (espa'that)
ethmos,
escutcheon
eseptate (esep'tat) a.
septum, division.]
with septa (biol.}.
a.
L.
votner,
[Gk. ethmos, sieve
Pert, the ethmoid
ploughshare.]
and vomer regions (zool.}.
ethmovomerine cartilage, the plate
of cartilage which forms the septum
of the nose in the early stages of
the embryo (emb.}.
;
ethnology
[Gk. ethnos,
(ethnol'dji)
nation \logos, discourse.] Thescience
which deals with the different races
of mankind, their distribution, relationship,
ethology
custom
nomics.
and
peculiarities
(ethol'qjl)
;
logos,
(biol.}.
[Gk. ethos,
Bio-
discourse.]
etiolation (e'tiola'shun) n.
[F. etioler,
ETIThe
etiolin
n.
(e'tiolin)
[F.
etioler,
to
yellowish
pigment
found in the chloroplasts of plants
blanch.]
grown
in
darkness (phys.).
etiology
(e'tiol'oji),
euaster
(uas'ter)
eucephalous
good
well-developed head
[Gk.
With
head.]
kephale,
appl. certain
eucone (ukon')
konos, cone.]
line
a.
Having the
crystal-
single elements
eye (zoo/.}.
eudipleural (u'diploo'ral) a. [Gk. eu,
good dis, double pleuron, side.]
Symmetrical about a median plane
bilaterally symmetrical (zool.).
eudoxoxne (udok'som) n.
[Gk. eu,
well doxa, credit.] A monogastric
free-swimming stage of a Siphonophore in which there is no necto;
calyx
(zool.).
(ujen'iks)
;/.
eumerogenesis
(zool.).
well
[Gk.
eu,
aggrega-
(u'merojgn'gsis)
eurypylous
[Gk. eurys,
broad pyle, gate.] Wide at the
opening
appl. canal system of
(u'ripl'lus) a.
(u'sporan'jlat) a. [Gk.
sporos, seed ; anggeion,
sporangiate
cf.
lepto-
(bot.).
pharynx (anat.).
Eustachian valve, a rudimentary
valve guarding the orifice of the
inferior vena cava in the atrium of
the heart (anat.).
eustele (u'stel) n.
stele,
pillar.]
The arrangement
eustomatous (ustom'atus)
a.
[Gk. eu,
well
stoma, mouth.]
Having a
distinct mouth-like opening (zool.).
euthenics
(uthfin'lks) n.
[Gk. euthenThe science of the
ein, to thrive.]
evagination (e'vajina'shun)
n.
[L.
e,
evanescent (ev'anes'gnt)
early
[L. evan-
a.
to
vanish.]
Disappearing
appl. flowers which fade
escere,
;
quickly (bot.).
eviscerate (evis'erat) v.
do on capture
evolute
(biol.).
vessel]
eugenics
Sponges
open directly into the excurrent
canals by wide apopyles, and receive the water from the incurrent
canals through
the
prosopyles
eu,
n.
(ukgf'alus, -sef-) a.
in
eusporangiate
see aetiology.
eu,
EVO-
99
(zool.).
(e'volut) a.
unroll.]
[L. evolvere, to
Turned back
unfolded
(bot.).
evolution (e'volu'shun)
n.
[L. evol-
EXA-
appendages (bot.).
exalbuminous (gk'salbu'minus) a.
;
exannulate
(eksan'ulat)
a.
[L.
ex,
without
annulus, ring.]
Having
a sporangium not furnished with
an annulus or ring
appl. certain
;
(bot.).
protoxylem strands
the pericycle (dot.).
in
touch with
without
ex,
[L.
make rough.]
stiff
points
to
asperare,
Furnished with hard,
;
(bot.).
(gk'sipl) n.
excitation (ek'sita'shun) n.
[L. ex,
out ; citare, to rouse.] The act of
producing or increasing the stimulation ; the stimulation thus pro-
duced
(phys.).
excitonutrient
out
ex,
[L.
a.
(eksi'tonu'trient)
;
citare, to rouse ;
inor
Causing
nutriens, feeding.]
nutrient activities
the
creasing
(phys.).
exclusion (ekskloo'zhun)
cludere, to exclude.]
ling, or the
n.
Act
(phys.).
exconjugant (ekskon'joogant)
ex, out
excrete (ekskret')
v.
[L. ex, out ;
To eliminate waste
sift.]
material from the body (phys.) to
withdraw useless materials from the
place of most active metabolism in
the plant (hot.).
cernere, to
excretion (ekskre'shun)
n.
[L. ex,
cernere, to sift.] Act of eliminating waste material, or the product of the elimination (phys.).
excurrent (ekskur'e'nt) a.
[L. ex,
out ; currere, to run.] Pert, ducts,
or
in
canals
which there
channels,
out
(bot.).
excurved (ekskurvd')
(hot.).
excentric (eksen'trik) a.
ex,
[L.
without
centrum, centre.] Onesided having the two portions of
the lamina unequally developed
exciple
n. plu.
[L. excretum, separated.] Waste material
eliminated from the body or any
tissue thereof (phys.) ; deleterious
substances formed within a plant
excreta (gkskre'ta)
(bot.).
[L.
ferns
EXO-
100
n.
conjugare, to yoke.]
[L.
An
a.
[L. ex, out
Curved outcurvare, to curve.]
wards from the centre (zool.}.
exfoliation (gksfo'lia'shun) n.
[L.
ex, out \folium, leaf.] The shedding
of the leaves or scales from a bud
(bot.).
exhalent
halare,
(eksha'lfint) a.
to breathe.]
interior
outwards
(zool.).
(bot.).
exites
n.
a.
[Gk.
kardia, heart.]
Situ-
(zool.).
exocarp
(ek'sokarp) n.
[Gk. exo,
without ; karpos, fruit.] The outer
layer of the pericarp (bot.).
exoccipital (ek'sokslp'ftal) a. [L. ex,
without
occiput, back of head.]
Pert, a bone on each side of the
;
foramen
magnum
(goal.).
EXOexochorion
(Sk'sok5'rI5n) n.
[Gk.
without
chorion,
chorion.]
The outer layer of the membrane
secreted by the follicular cells
surrounding the egg in the ovary
of Insects (zoo/.).
exocoel (Sk'sosel) n. [Gk. exo, without ; koilos, hollow.]
The space
between the mesenteries of adjacent couples in certain Zoantharia
exo,
(goo/.).
(eVsose'lom)
exo, without
n.
koilos, hollow.]
[Gk.
The
embryo (emb.}.
exoderm (eVsodgrm)
n.
[Gk. exo,
exodermis
(eYsodeVmis) n.
without
L.
dermis,
;
[Gk.
skin.]
See ectoderm.
(Sk'sogamet') n.
[Gk.
gametes, mate.]
which
cell
fuses
with
reproductive
without
exogamy
without
(6to/.).
n.
(eVsoplazm)
[Gk.
without
plasma, something
The
moulded.]
ectoplasm (biol.).
exopodite (gksop'odit) n. [Gk. exo,
The outer
without
potts, foot.]
branch of a typical biramous
crustacean limb (zool.}.
exo,
exoskeleton (6k'sosk61'6ton)
exo,
without
skeletos,
n.
[Gk.
hard.]
n.
[Gk.
osmos,
impulse.]
out through a membrane of a gas or fluid, a phase in
(gk'sosmo'sis)
without
exo,
The passing
osmosis
exospore
without
(phys.~).
(fik'sospor)
;
n.
[Gk.
The
sporos, seed.]
exosporlum (ek'sospo'rmm)
exo,
without
sporos,
n.
seed.]
exo,
outer
;
one
[Gk.
The
exostome (eVsostom)
n.
[Gk. exo,
The
stoma,
mouth.]
the
or
in
outer
foramen
opening
wall of the ovule (bot.}.
exostosis (eVs8sto's!s) n. [Gk. exo,
without
-,
similar
way
(anaf.).
exotheca (eYsothe'ka)
without
n.
theke, box.]
[Gk. exo,
The
extra-
(zoo/.).
exothecal (gk'sothe'kal)
(zoo/.).
exogenous
without
exoplasm
(bot.}.
exogamete
exo,
exosmosis
(zoo/.).
exocoelom
exo,
EXO-
101
(e'ksoj'e'nus) a.
genos, race.]
[Gk. exo,
Developed
exothecate
(eVsothe'kat)
exo, without
an exotheca
theke, box.]
a.
[Gk.
Having
(zoo/.).
exotic
(zoo/.).
exognathion (6k'sognath'l8n)
n.
[Gk.
exo, without
gnathos, jaw.] The
maxillary portion of the upper jaw
the
maxilla with exception
of
;
endognathion
and
mesognathion
(anaf.).
exoperidium
a.
[Gk. exo,
without
Pert, tissue
theke, box.]
outside the theca of a Coral (zoo/.),
(e'k'sope'rid'ium)
n.
(gksot'ik, 6gz8t'Tk) a.
[Gk.
exotikos,
Signifying an
foreign.]
introduced or non-endemic
plant
(tof.).
n.
[Gk.
(Skso'tospor)
exotikos, foreign
sporos, seed.]
sporozoite (zoo/.).
exotropism (6ks6t'roplzm) n. [Gk.
exotospore
EXPexo, without
trepein, to turn.]
The
organ (bot.}.
expiration (ek'spira'shun)
[L. ex,
cavity (phys.}.
exsculptate
(ekskiilp'tat) a.
sculpere, to carve.]
out
the surface
[L. ex,
Having
marked with more or
some
gills.]
arches
(zoo!.}.
extracapsular
[L.
protruding beyond
including organ or part
(bot.}
tendere, to stretch.]
out, as opp. to flex
To
straighten
or
bend any
organ (phys.}.
extension (elcstgn'shiin)
out; tendere, to stretch.]
n.
[L.
ex,
Straighten-
(phys.}.
n.
[L. ex, out
(zool.}.
extraembryonic
(eVstraem'brion'ik)
Gk. embryon,
;
Situated outside the em-
foetus.]
Any muscle
stretch.]
which extends a limb or part thereof (anat.).
exterior (gkste'rior) a. [L. externus,
on the outside.] Situated on the
side away from the axis or definitive
plane (biol.}.
external (gkster'nal)
a.
[L. externus,
the outside, away
Near
The
a.
extrafloral
(ek'straflo'ral)
exter, outside
flos, flower.]
ated outside the flower (bot.}.
[L.
Situ-
extranuclear (ek'stranu'klear)
a.
[L.
exter,
extraocular (ek'straok'ular)
exter, outside
terior to the
of Insects
a.
[L.
Excculus, eye.]
;
appl. antennae
eye
(zool.}.
extrastapedial
;
tendere, to
outside.]
a.
(zool.}.
(zool.}.
exsertile (eksgr'til) a.
[L. exserere,
to stretch out.]
Capable of extrusion (biol.}.
exsufflation (eks'sufla'shun) n.
[L.
Forced
ex, out ; sufflare, to blow.]
expiration from the lungs (phys.}.
extend (Skstfind') v. [L. ex, out ;
outside.]
(Sk'strakap'sular)
outside
capsida, cup.]
or situated outside the
exter,
Arising
capsule; appl. ligaments, etc., in
connection with a joint (anat.}
appl. protoplasm lying outside the
central capsule in some Protozoa
a.
(zool.}.
extrabranchial (ek'strabrang'kfal) a.
Gk. brangchia,
[L. exter, outside
;
n.
EXT-
102
(ek'strastape'dlal) a.
[L. exter, outside ; stapes, stirrup.]
Extending
Pert,
ground
tissue
vascular tissue
extravaginal
exter,
outside
Forcing
their
sheath, as the
plants (bot.}.
extravasate
outside
the
(bot.}.
(ek'stravaj'inal) a.
[L.
sheath.]
vagina,
way through
shoots
of
(ekstrav'asat) v.
;
vas, vessel.]
exter,
outside
force
its
way
from
the
the
many
[L.
To
proper
extraventricular (gk'strdvgntrik'ular)
a.
[L.
exter,
outside
-venter,
EXTSituated or arising
belly.]
the ventricle (phys.).
extremity
beyond
ex-
n.
(e'kstre'm'iti)
[L.
The limb, or
tremitas,
limit.]
distal portion of a limb ; or the
distal end of any limb-like structure
(biol., anat.).
extrinsic
a.
(gkstrin'sik)
on the
frinsecus,
[L.
outside.]
exPert.
outwardly.]
a.
[L. extrorsus,
(hot.}.
exudation
(ek'suda'shun) n.
[L.
exudere, to sweat.] Any discharge
through an incision or pore, e.g.
gums, resins, moisture, etc. (biol.).
exumbral
out
bean.]
small
fibro-cartilage
articulation
(anat.)
an
(gksiim'bral)
a.
[L.
ex;
Pert, the
umbra, shade.]
rounded or convex upper surface
of a jelly-fish (zoo/.).
;
exumbrella (ek'sumbreTa)
n.
[L. ex,
facial (fa'shal) a.
[L. fades, face.]
Pert, face; appl. artery, nerve, bone,
vein, etc. (anaf.).
faciolingual (fa'shloling'gwal) a. [L.
fades, face ; lingua, tongue.] Pert.
or affecting the face and tongue
(anaf.).
facultative
parasites,
parasites
The upper
umbra, shade.]
rounded or convex surface of a
ent,
jelly-fish (goal.).
parasitic or semiparasitic
out
exuviae
to
(egzu'vle) n.plu.
pull
off.]
of animals
eye
ocellus
(zoo/.).
extrorse (Skstrors')
axis
FAL-
103
[L. exuere,
Cast-off skins,
etc.,
life
may be
but
;
cf.
normally self-depend-
mode
obligatory parasites
to
of
(biol.).
faeces (fe'sez)
The excrement
(zoo/.).
The organ
n.
(I)
[M.E. ighe^\
one of the
sight or vision
pigment spots in various animals
and in many of the lower plants
the bud of a tuber (dot.).
(biol.)
of
which
many
Sickle-shaped hooked
falciform (fal'slform) a.
(biol.).
sickle
shaped
[L. falx,
Sickleforma, shape.]
or scythe-shaped (anaf.,
zoo/.).
falculate
(fal'kulat)
little
hook.]
the point.
a.
[L. falcula,
fabella (fabel'a) n.
the upper
portions of the oviduct in man and
mammals the anterior portions of
the Miillerian ducts (anaf.).
false ribs, -those ribs whose cartilaginous ventral ends do not join
the sternum directly, if at all (anaf.).
falx (falks) n., falces (fal'sez) plu.
[L. fair, sickle.] A sickle-shaped
fold of the dura mater (ana/.).
;
FAMfamily
[L.famih'a, house-
(fam'ili) n.
Term used
hold.]
in classification,
A bird's
fan
(fan) n. [A.S./a#,fan.]
tail feathers (zool.}.
fang (fang)
faradisation (far'adiza.'shun)
n.
Method
day, electrician.]
[Fara-
of stimu-
flour.]
on some insects
farinaceous
(zool.).
a.
(far'ina'shus)
[L.
fash'ia)
(fas'ia,
[L. fascia,
An ensheathing band of
band.]
connective tissue (anat.).
fascial (faYial, fash'ial) a.
[L. fascia,
bundle.] Pert, a fascia, ensheathing
and binding
(anat.).
(fas'ia'ted, fash'ia'tgd) a.
Banded
bundle.]
fascia,
[L.
(zool.}
(bot.).
fascicle
(fas'ikl)
n.
[L. fasciculus,
bundle or
tufts
appl.
cambium,
fasciculus (fasik'ulus)
lus, little bundle.]
n.
tissue
(bot.).
{L. fascicu-
A fascicle
the
(anat.).
fascicle (fas'iol) n.
small bandage.]
[L. fasciola, a
ciliated band
for sweeping
on certain Echinoids
fresh
cells
its
or
greasy
reserve
oily
with a
material
(Phys.}.
fatigue
n.
(fateg')
[L. fatigare,
to
fauces
fauna
of a
the
{L.faunus, a god of
All
the animals
woods.]
to
a
peculiar
country, area, or period
(fon'a) n.
the
(biol.}.
faunal region,
an area characterized
(bot., zool.).
fasciated
which has
n.
fascia
FEM-
104
parts (zool.}.
fastigiate (fastij'iat) a.
[L. fastigare.
animals
(zool.}.
faveolus (fave'6'lus) n.
small honeycomb.]
pression or pit
[L. faveolus,
alveola
small de(hot.}.
late (dot.).
see faeces.
feces,
fecundity (fekun'diti)
fertile.]
female
n.
Power of a
multiply rapidly
[L.fecundus,
species to
(biol.}.
(fe'mal) n.
pistillate
animal,
i.e.
[L.femina, woman.]
flower (bot.)
a female
an egg-producing or
;
ovum
after maturation.
femoral
(fgm'oral) a.
[L. femur,
thigh.] Pert, the thigh; appl. artery,
vein, nerve, etc. ; crural (zool}.
FEN-
FIL-
105
man and
limb
in
the
third joint
counting
vertebrates (anat.};
in an insect's leg
from the proximal end
(bot.}.
(zool.}.
fenchone (fSn'chon)
n.
[Ger./enc/ie/,
the essential
ketone,
fennel.]
oil in oil of fennel (phys.}.
fenestra (fgneYtrS) n. [L. fenestra,
wings
(zool.}
numerous perforations,
having
appl. leaves
(hot.}.
small
thread-like
minute
spongin
minute muscle-like threads
(bot.}
found
fibrillate
small
(fl'brilat)
a.
[L. fibrilla.
fibrillae
Having
fibre.]
with
small
fibrils
[L.
Furnished
mycelia of
fibre.]
appl.
or
yields fibrin
tion (phys.}.
fibro-cartilage (fi'bro-kar'tilaj) n.
band
fibra,
(zool.}.
ferment (feYmSnt)
[L. fibrilla,
The
fibre.]
branches of roots
cartilago,
gristle.]
[L.
substance, organized
ferment.]
or unorganized, capable of produc-
n.
[L. fermentum,
ferruginous (fgroo'jmus)
a.
[L.ferruginus, rusty.] Having the appearance of a rusty spot (bot.}.
fertile (feVtil) a.
[L.fertilis, fertile.]
fertilization
(feYtiliza'shun)
n.
[L.
fertilis,
pronuclei
pollination
roots
appl.
band.]
tissue
(bot.}.
filament
(firSme'nt) n.
[L. filuni,
thread.] The stalk of the anther
the stalk of a down-feather
(bot.}
;
(zool.}.
fllicauline (fil'ikolTn) a.
thread
(bot.}.
fibra,
and
}.
caulis,
[L. filum,
With a
stalk.]
fibre (ffber) n.
fllicoid (fil'Ikoid) a.
thread
like.
(ffliform)
;
Shaped
(bot.}.
a.
forma, shape.]
[L.
filum,
Thread-
FILflliform
papillae,
in
tongue ending
papillae on the
numerous minute
With
;
gerere, to carry.]
thread-like outgrowths or flagella
thread
n.
[L. filum,
thread.]
Band
(anat.}.
apex
(zool.}.
zoa
(zool.}.
filose
a.
[L. filum, thread.]
threadlike appl. pseudoof
Protozoa
(zool.}.
podia
(fi'los)
Slender
filtration (filtra'shun) n.
[F. filtrer,
to strain.] Appl. the iridial angle
the
terminal
terminate,
thread, a slender grey filament, of
the spinal cord (anat.}.
fimbria (fim'bria) ;/., fimbriae (fim'-
filum
fimbria, fringe.]
structure (anat.,
bot.} ; a prolongation of the hippodelicate
campus (anat.}
processes
fringing the mouth of tubes or
or the
ducts, as of the oviduct
siphons of molluscs (zool.}.
brie)
plu.
[L.
fringe-like
;
flmbriated
bria,
(fim'bria'tecl) a.
Fringed
fringe.]
margin, as petals
or ducts (zool.}.
(bot.},
[L. fimat
the
as tubes
fold
[A.S. finn, fin.]
of skin with fin-rays and skeletal
in
the
case
supports, corresponding
of the paired fins to limbs, found
in most fishes (zool.}.
n.
fin (fin)
flnials
(fin'Talz)
end.]
division of a
Cleavage of cells
unicellular organism into two or
more parts, thereby reproducing
its kind (biol.}.
;
(fisip'ariis) a.
fissiparous
;
parere,
to
The
n.
plu.
[L. finis,
of the distal
ossicles
fissilingual
[L.
With
[L. fissus,
Repro-
beget.]
fission
(biol.}.
fissiped (f is'ipgd) n.
With deeply-
fissure (flsh'ur) n.
[L. fissus, cleft.]
cleft, deep groove, or furrow
dividing an organ into lobes, or
sub-dividing and separating certain
areas of the lobes (anat.}.
fix (fiks) v.
{L.fi.rus, fixed.]
To
kill,
(anat.}.
flabellate (flabel'at) a.
(Phys.}.
Any
fission (fish'iin) n.
cleft
(zool.}.
fillet (fil'et)
the
FLA-
106
[L. flabellare,
to fan.]
Fan-shaped.
antennae, pectinate antennae with long processes (zool.}.
flabellate
flabelliform
a.
(flabel'Iform)
[L.
radiating nerves
(bot.}.
flagellate
(flaj'glat) a.
[L. flagellum,
Furnished with flagella
whip.]
like a flagellum (bot., zool.}.
a.
flagelliform
[L.
(flajel'Tform)
flagellum, whip
forma, shape.]
Lash-like
like a flagellum (bot.,
;
zool.}.
whip.]
The
[L. flagellum,
lash-like process of
a long slender
Protista
runner or creeping stem (bot.}.
many
FLAflame
the
cells,
terminal
cells
of
diostome
(zool.).
flavescent (flaves'ent)
turn
to
escere,
a.
yellow.]
[L. fla-u-
Growing
yellow.
flex (flgks) v.
To bend
muscle which
by its contraction (anat.).
flexuous (flek'suus) a. [L. flexus,
a
zig-zag
bent.]
Curving in
part)
manner
flora
in the embryonic
of the intestine (anaf.).
(bot.).
ribs
not uniting
at
(anaf.).
floccular (flok'ular) a.
[L. floccus,
lock of wool.] Pert, the flocculus
(anaf.).
cerebellum (anaf.).
floccus (flok'us) n. {L. floccus, lock of
wool.] The tuft of hair terminating
a tail the downy plumage of young
birds (zool.)
a mass of hyphal
filaments in Algae and Fungi
;
flos,
flower.]
floral
(flo'ral) a.
[L. flos, flower.]
Pert, the flora of a country or area
pert, flowers (bot.).
florescence
n.
(floreVe'ns)
[L. flos,
flower.]
Bursting into bloom (bot.).
floret (flor'et) n.
[L. flos, flower.]
n.
(flor'ikom)
coma, hair.]
(floseT)
little
flower.]
ture in some
[L.
flos,
form of
(zool.).
[L. flosculus, a
struc-
The flower-like
mouth composed of the five bourrelets and the five phyllodes (zool.).
floss
(flos)
loose
n.
[F. floche,
soft.]
(zool.).
flower
(flow'er)
n.
The blossom
float (flot) n.
floating ribs,
their ventral
[L.
downy
(bot.).
flexure (fleVsur) n.
A curve or bend
n.
(flo'r5)
The
floscelle
(anaf.).
flexor (flek'sor) n.
(bot.).
FOL-
107
of a plant, comprising
generally sepals, petals, stamens,
and pistils a leafy shoot adapted
;
streams
(bot., zool.).
fluvioterrestrial (floo'viotgreYtrial) a.
terra, land.]
[L. fluvius, stream
Found in streams and in the land
;
Embryonic
foetid glands,
in
foetus
An embryo
in the egg
uterus (emb.).
foliaceous (fo'lla'shus) a.
Having the form
leaf.]
of a foliage leaf (bot.) ;
like (zool.).
or in the
[L. folium,
or texture
thin ; leaf-
FOL-
follar (fo'liar) a.
[L. folium, leaf.]
Pert, or consisting of leaves (bot.}.
foliobranchiate
a.
(fo'liobrang'kiat)
Gk. brangchia,
leaf;
[L. folium,
Possessing
gills.]
leaf-like
gills
(zool.}.
(zool.}.
foliolate
(fo'liol)
Small
leaf-like
foliose
[L.
folium,
n.
organ or appendage
With many
leaves
folium (fo'lium)
a.
leaflet (&>/.).
(fo'lios) a.
[L. folium,
(zool.}
passes (anat.,
zool.}.
n.
(&?/.).
follicle (fol'ikl) n.
follicular (f olik'ular) a.
a small
sac.]
[L.folliculus,
Pert., like or con-
sisting of follicles.
folliculate (folik'ulat), follicular.
folliculose (folik'ulos) a.
fluid
particles,
of many Protista.
foot (foot) n.
[A.S. fot, foot.]
An
n.
foramen,
an opening.] The opening through
the coats of the ovule (bot.}
any
(fora'mfin)
[L.
forfex (forfgks') n.
[L. forfex, pair
of shears.] A pair of anal organs
which open and shut transversely,
[L.folliculus,
Foraminifera (zool.}.
forceps (for'sSps) n.
[L. forceps, a
pair of tongs.] The clasper-shaped
the
anal cerci of some Insects
large fighting or seizing claws of
crabs and lobsters (zool.}.
forcipated (for'slpated) a. [L. forceps,
;
leaf.]
foramen
the opening in
the occipital region of the skull
the
which
through
spinal cord
(fo'liolat)
leaf.]
foliole
foramen magnum,
telum
FOS-
IOS
forficate
a.
(for'flkat)
shears.]
(zool.}.
[L. forfex,
Deeply notched
formation (forma'shun)
n.
(zool.}.
[L. forma,
formative (for'mativ)
a.
[L.
forma,
shape.]
Appl. matter which is
living and developable (phys.}.
fornicated (for'mka'te'd) a. [L.fornix,
Concave within, convex
vault.]
without arched
fornix (for'niks) n.
(zool.}.
[L.fornix, vault.]
An
some
(bot.}.
fossa (fos'a)
ditch or
flowers
;/.
(anat.}.
pods
(zool.}.
fossil (fos'il) n.
[L. fossilis, dug up.]
Petrified animal or plant, or portion
Containing
fossils (biol.}.
FOSfossorial
(foso'rial; n.
[L. fossor,
digger.]
Adapted for digging ;
appl. claws, feet (zool.}.
fossula (fos'ula) n. [L. fossa, ditch.]
FUG-
109
one side of a
volution, etc.
Rugosa
organ of Nemertines
(pal.}.
(bot.}.
a.
(fo'veat)
[L. fovea,
de-
Pitted.
pression.]
Isoetes
(bot.}.
foveolate (fo'veolat)
[L. foveola,
small pit.] Having regular small
depressions (hot., zool.}.
a.
fragmentation
(frag'me'nta'shun) n.
to break.]
Division
[L. frangere,
into small portions (biol.}
nuclear
frenate
(fre'nat) a.
[L./renum, bridle.]
(frfin'ula) plu.
[L. frenulum, dim.
offrenum, bridle.] A fold of membrane, as of tongue, clitoris, etc.
a process on the hind- wing
(anat.}
of Lepidoptera for attachment to
fore-wing a thickening of the subumbrella of certain Scyphomedusae
;
(zool.}.
frenum
(fre'num)
[L.
;
frenum,
.,
frena
bridle.]
(fre'na)
fren-
of integument at
mantle and body of
fold
of
junction
Cirripedes, ovigerous in Pedunculata (zool.}.
frond
a prostomial
Polychaetes
palps of
ridge of
certain Nereids (zool.}.
frontocerebellar fibres, fibres passing from the frontal region to the
cerebellum (phys.}.
;
fronto-ethmoidal (frun'to-e'thmoid'al)
a.
Pert, the frontal and ethmoidal
bones appl. suture (an<it.}.
frontonasal (frun'tona'zji 1) a.
[L.
forehead
nasum, nose.]
frons,
Pert, forehead or frontal region
and the nose appl. ducts and pro;
ulum
appl. head-
foveate
plu.
(anat.}
frondescence
frondescere,
sinuses (anat.}.
frontosphenoidal (frun'tosfenoid'al) a.
Gk. sphen,
[L. frons, forehead;
wedge.] Pert, frontal and sphenoid
bones appl. a process of the zygomatic articulating with the frontal
;
(anat.}.
frugivorous
(froojiv'orus) a.
\L./rux,
Fruitvorare, to devour.]
eating ; appl. certain animals (zool.}.
from
L.
fruit (froot) n.
[F. fruit,
fruit
fructus, fruit.]
n.
leaf,
[L. frons,
especially
(frondSs'e'ns)
to put forth
Development of leaves
n.
leafy
of a
[L.
leaves.]
(tot.}.
The
fertilized
and
frutex (froo'tSks) n.
[L. frutex,
Shrub (bot.}.
shrub.]
fruticose (froo'tikos) a.
[L. frutex^
shrub.] Shrub-like (bot.}.
fruticulose (frootik'ulos) a. [L.frutex,
Like a small shrub (bo).
shrub.]
fucivorous (fusiv'orus)
rock-lichen
(fr6nd)
branch.]
fern (dot.).
cesses (emo.}.
vorare,
a.
[L. fucus,
to
devour.]
certain
appl.
Eating seaweed
animals (zool.}.
fucoid (fu'koid) a. [L. fucus, rockPert, or resembling sealichen.]
;
weed
(bot.}.
fugacious (fuga'shus)
a.
[L.
fugax,
FUL-
off
Evanescent ;
falling
appl. petals, etc. (bot.}.
fulcrate (ful'krat) a.
[L. fulcrum,
swift.]
early
(ful'krum) a.
[L. fulcrum, a
supporting organ such
support.]
as a tendril or stipule (bot.} part of
the incus in the mastax of Rotifers
spine-like scales on anterior fin-rays
many Ganoids
(zool.}.
fundiform (fun'diform) a.
sling
forma, shape.]
[L.
of
the
ligament
funda,
Looped
penis
(fun'dus)
n.
bottom.]
fundus,
[L.
The base
of an organ, as
habit.]
fungiform
Parasitic
on Fungi
(bot.}.
(fun'jiform) a.
[L. fungus,
Funforma, shape.]
a
like
or
fungus
appl.
goid
shaped
tongue papillae (anat.}.
fungivorous (funjiv'orus) a.
[L.
fungus, mushroom vorare, to devour.] Appl. fungus-eating animals
mushroom
(zool.}.
base
[L. furca,
fork.]
entothorax
or
of
furcal (fur'kal)
a.
[L. furca, fork.]
Forked appl. a branching nerve
of the lumbar plexus (anat.}.
furcate (fur'kat) a. [L. furca, fork.]
Branching like the prongs of a
;
fork.
furciferous (fursiferus)
a.
[L. furca,
Bearing a
ferre, to carry.]
forked appendage, as some Insects
fork
(zool.}.
furcula (fur'kula)
dim. of furca,
n.
[L. ftircula,
fork.]
forked
fungous (fung'gus)
With
mushroom.]
fungus,
[L.
character
the
embryonic pharynx
(emb.}.
(furd)
a.
[M.E. furren,
sheath.]
Having short decumbent
hairs thickly covering the surface
(zool.}.
fuscin (fus'kin)
n.
{L.fttscus, tawny.]
in the retinal
brown pigment
epithelium (phys.}.
fusi (fu'zl) n. phi.
[L.fusus, spindle.]
In spiders, organs composed of
two retractile processes which issue
from the mammillae and form the
threads
(zool.}.
fusiform
(fu'zTform)
spindle
a.
[L. fiisus,
forma, shape.]
Spindle-
at
both
or
(zool.}.
galactase (galak'tas) n.
[Gk. gala,
milk.] An enzyme, trypsin-like in
action, found in milk (phys.}.
a.
galactophorous
(gal'aktoforfis)
[Gk. gala, milk pheretn, to carry.]
;
funicular (funik'ular) a.
[L. funicConsisting of
ulus, small cord.]
a small cord or band pert, a funic;
n.
[L.
The siphon
Lactiferous
fundibulum,
of Cephalo-
pods (zool.}.
funnelfonn (fim'elform)a.
to pour ; forma, shape.]
Widening
appl. ducts of
mam-
(anat.}.
galactosis
(gal'akto'sis) n.
milk.]
Milk production
(gal'bulus) n.
[Gk. gala,
(phys.}.
[L. galbulus,
[L. fundere,
mary glands
galbulus
funiculus,
funnel.]
in
ridge
a.
funnel
n.
(fur'ka)
furred
(anat.}.
fundus
furca
narrow
(bot.}.
or
(phys.}.
appl.
gradually from
infundibuliform
The apophysis
Having a fulcrum.
a support.]
fulcrum
of
GAL-
110
galea
(gal'ea) n.
helmet-shaped
GALstructure
similarly-shaped
(bot.}
the
a muscle of the scalp (anat.}
outer division of the endopodite of
the first maxillae of insects (zool.}.
galeate (gal'eat) a. [L. galea, helmet.]
;
Helmet-shaped (hot.}.
gall(g61). [A.S.^//a,gall.]
(gal'vanotak'sis) n.
[It.
galvanotropism (garvanot'ropizm)
Gk.
Gal-vani,
physiologist
[It.
;
Galvanotaxis.
gametal
gametangium
.
(gam'etan'jlum)
[Gk. gametes, spouse ; anggeion,
structure
A
producing
vessel.]
sexual cells (hot.}.
n.
plu.
[Gk.
Cells derived
(garnets')
gametes,
spouse.]
The
n.
(game'toflt)
spouse
gametes,
gametogenesis
.
(game'tqjen'e'sis)
genesis,
spouse ;
gametes,
genos,
birth.]
sporophyte
(bot.}.
gamic
a.
(gam'ik)
[Gk. ganws,
marriage.] Fertilized (biol.}.
(gamo'bium) n.
[Gk.
gamobium
gamodesmic (garn'odeVmik)
a.
[Gk.
marriage ; desma, bond.]
the
vascular bundles fused
Having
together instead of separated by
connective tissue (bot.}.
gamos,
marriage
Appl. a
pistil
gaster,
spring.]
gonos,
off-
a gametocyte
(bot.}.
gamogenesis
(gam'ojen'esTs) n.
(game'tofor) n.
[Gk.
pherein, to bear.]
special part of a gametophyte on
which gametangia are borne (bot.}.
gametophyll
(game'tofll)
n.
[Gk.
[Gk.
sexual
(biol.}.
gamogony (gamog'onT) n.
[Gk. gamos,
Sporo-
gamont (gamont')
\G\a. gamos,
riage;ons, a being.]
gamos, marriage
With
coherent
petalous
mur-
A sporont (zool.}.
petalon,
petals ;
a.
[Gk.
petal.]
mono-
(bot.}.
gamophyllous
a.
[Gk.
phyllon, leaf.]
With united perianth leaves; monophyllous (bot.}.
gamosepalous (gam'bsep'alus) a. [Gk.
gamos,
(gain'oftl'iis)
marriage
With coherent
alous
sepalon, sepal.]
sepals
monosep;
(bot.}.
gametophore
gametes, spouse
belly.]
formed by union of
styles and stig-
gamos, marriage
gametogonlum (game'togo'nium)
[Gk. gametes, spouse
plant.]
in
phase
gamopetalous (gam'opeYalus)
(zool.}.
[Gk.
(game'tosit) n.
gametes, spouse ; kytos, hollow.]
The mother-cell of a gamete (zool.}.
gametocyte
gametes,
[Gk.
phyton,
gamete-forming
elements
cells (biol.}.
[Gk.
gametophyte
bile (anat.}.
trope, a turning.]
macro - sporophyll
or
galvanotaxis
micro-
(bot.}.
Bile,
gametes
GAM-
111
steles (bot.}.
gamostelic (gam'dste'llk) a.
[Gk.
gamos, marriage
stele,
pillar.]
the
condition
in
which
the
Appl.
steles of a polystelic stem are
;
fused together
(bot.}.
GAM-
n.
gamostely
(gam'oste'H)
[Gk.
stele,
gamos, marriage
pillar.]
The arrangement of polystelic
;
ganglioid (gang'glioid)
a.
\GY.gang-
matter containing
and giving
cells
origin
to
nerve
nerve
a.
little
tumour.]
gangglion,
gjk.
upplied with ganglia (anat.).
ganglioneural
a.
(gang'glionu'ral)
little
tumour
[Gk. gangglion,
neuron, nerve.] Appl. a system of
nerves, consisting of a series of
ganglia connected by nerve strands
;
(zool.).
ganglioneuron
(gang'glionu'ron)
n.
tumour
little
[Gk. gangglion,
neuron, nerve.] A nerve cell of a
ganglion (anat.}.
ganglionic (gang'glion'ik) a.
[Gk.
Pert.
gangglion, little tumour.]
in
the
or
neighbourconsisting of,
hood of a ganglion appl. a layer of
the retina, arteries, arterial system
of brain (anat.).
;
ganglioplexus (gang'glioplgk'sus) n.
L.
[Gk. gangglion, little tumour
plexus, twisted.] A diffuse ganglion
;
(anat.).
ganoid (gan'oid) a.
[Gk. ganos,
sheen eidos, resemblance.] Appl.
scales of ganoid fishes, rhomboidal,
;
The
sheen.]
ganoid
[Gk.
outer
layer
formed by
scale,
ganos,
of a
-the coriuin
(zool.).
gape (gap)
[A.S. geapan, to
n.
The
wide.]
open
open jaws
(zool.).
nervous
GAS-
112
gasteromycetous (gas'teromlse'tus) a.
[Gk. gaster, belly mykes, a mushroom.]
Having the spores de;
veloped
gastraea
in
a peridium
n.
(gastre'a)
stomach.]
(oot.).
[Gk.
gaster,
A hypothetical gastrula-
animal
the ancestral Metazoan, according to Haeckel (zool.).
like
gastraeum (gastre'iim) n.
stomach.]
body
The
[Gk. gaster,
ventral side of the
(anat.).
gastral (gas'tral) a.
[Gk. gaster,
stomach.] Pert, stomach, as the
gastral cavity,
cortex,
layer,
etc.
(anat.).
gastralia
n.
(gastra'lia)
plu.
[Gk.
Microscleres in
gaster, stomach.]
the gastral membranes of Hexactinellids (zool.).
gastric
a.
[Gk. gaster,
the region of
the stomach appL arteries, glands,
nerves, veins (anat.).
gastrin (gas'trin) n.
[Gk. gaster,
belly.]
(gas'trik)
Pert,
or in
stomach.]
the result
the
salivary products
mucous membrane
action
the
on
of
is
the
gastric
(phys.).
gastrocentrous (gas'trosen'triis) a.
L. centrum,
[Gk. gaster, stomach
with
centre.]
Appl. vertebrae
centra formed by pairs of inter;
while the
are reduced (zool.).
ventralia,
gastrocnemius
basiventralia
(gas'trokne'mius) n.
kneme, the
belly
large muscle of the
calf of the leg (anat.).
gastrocoel (gas'trosel) n. [Gk. gaster,
belly ; koilos, hollow.] The archenteron of a gastrula (emb.).
gastrocolic (gas'trokol'ik) a.
[Gk.
gaster, stomach
kolon, the gut.]
[Gk.
tibia.]
gaster,
The
GASPert.
ligament
appl. a
gastroepiplolc (gas'troep'iplo'ik) a.
[Gk. gaster, stomach epiploon, the
Pert, stomach
great omentum.]
and the great omentum ; appl.
arteries, veins (anat.}.
gastrointestinal (gas'tromtes'tinal) a.
[Gk. gaster, stomach ; L. intus,
Pert, stomach and inwithinj
;
testines (anat.}.
gastrolienal (gas'trolle'nal)
gaster,
spleen.]
stomach
Pert,
the
L.
a.
lien,
[Gk.
the
stomach and
wall.]
Pert,
wall (anat.}.
;
The
for
channel.]
larger pores,
nutrient persons, of hydroid Corals
(zool.}.
n.
(gas'trozo'oid)
stomach
[Gk.
animal
zoon,
structure
shaped
formed by
in-
geitonogamy
(gl'tonog'amT) n.
[Gk.
geiton, neighbour ; gamos, marriage.]
Fertilization of a flower by another
(anat.}.
gelatine
(jeTatin)
n.
gelare,
[L.
subjelly-like
stance obtained from animal tissue
to
congeal.]
(Phys.}.
a.
[L. gelare,
Jelly-like in consist-
gelatinous (jelat'mus)
to congeal.]
ency
(zool.}.
(bot.}.
geminiflorous (jgm'iniflo'rus) a.
[L.
gemini, twins flos, flower.] Appl.
a plant whose flowers are arranged
;
in pairs (bot.}.
(jgm'a) n.,
gemma
gemmae
(jgm'e,
gastropulmonary (gas'tropul'monarl)
a.
[Gk. gaster, stomach L. pulmo,
Pert, stomach and lungs
lung.]
;
gemmaceous (jgma'shus) a.
gemma, bud.] Pert, gemmae
[L.
or
buds.
gemmate
(anat.}.
a.
gastrosplenic
(gas'trosple'n'lk)
[Gk. gaster, stomach
splen, the
Pert, stomach and spleen
spleen.]
bud.]
(jgm'at)
a.
[L.
gemma,
Reproducing by bud-forma-
tion.
gemmation (jgma'shon)
n. [L. gemma,
Bud-formation by means of
which new independent individuals
are developed in plants and animals
bud.]
(anat.}.
gastrostege
gastrozooid
gaster,
(anat.}.
gastroduodenal (gas'trodu'ode'nal) a.
L. duodeni,
[Gk. gaster, stomach
twelve each.] Pert, stomach and
duodenum appl. an artery (anat.}.
(gas'trostej)
belly
stege,
ventral scale of snakes
gaster,
GEM-
113
n.
roof.]
[Gk.
(zoo/.).
gastrovascular (gas'trovas'kular) a.
[Gk. gaster, stomach L. uasculum,
a small vessel.] Serving both di;
(biol.}.
gemmiferous (jgrnlfe'rus) a.
[L.
gemma, bud ferre, to bear.] Budbearing gemmate.
gemmiform ( jgm'iform) a. [L. gemma,
bud forma, shape.]
Shaped like
;
GEMa bud
derms
(zool.).
gemmiparous
gemma, bud
a.
[L.
(jemip'arus)
parere, to produce.]
Gemmiferous.
gemmulation (jem'ula'shun)
[L.
gemma, bud.] Gemmule-formation.
gemmule (je'm'ul) n. [L. gemmula,
one
bud.] A pangen (cyt.)
of the internal buds of Porifera
little
organism
(zool.).
(zool.).
a.
[L. gena, cheek.]
the cheek
appl. the facial
suture of Trilobites and the angle
of the cheek (zool.).
(je'nal)
Pert,
geneology
(je'neol'qji) n.
[Gk. gene,
descent
The
logos, discourse.]
study of the development of individual and race ; Embryology and
;
Palaeontology combined.
genera (jSn'era), see genus.
generalized (jen'erallz'd) a. [L. generalis, of one, kind.]
Combining
characteristics
of two or more
many
fossils (pal.).
generation (jen'era'shun)
n.
[L.generProduction ;
atio,
reproduction.]
formation
the individuals of a
;
species
common
of generations.
generative
race.]
(jen'era'tiv) a.
[L. genus,
in reproduction ;
Concerned
which
a pollen
divides (bot.\
two
grain
cells into
primarily
a.
[L. genus, race.]
to all species of a genus,
see binomial nomenclature.
generic (jneYik)
Common
genesis
tion.
genial
(jen'ial, jeni'al) a.
[Gk. geneion,
Pert, the chin
appl.
of
Reptiles (zool.).
chin-plates
genicular (jenTk'ular) a. [L. genicuPert, region
lum, little knee.]
of the knee appl. arteries, etc., also
to ganglion of facial nerve (anat.).
chin.]
gena
groups, as in
to produce.]
the
n.
genal
GEN-
114
(jen'esis) n.
[Gk. gignesthai,
to produce.]
Formation, producor
tion,
development of a cell,
organ, individual, or species.
genetic (jgnet'ik) a. [Gk. gignesthai,
Pert, production.
to produce.]
genetic spiral, in spiral phyllotaxis,
the imaginary spiral line following
the points of insertion of successive
leaves (dot.).
genetics ( j enet'iks) n. [Gk. gignesthai,
The part of
iculum, little knee.]
the facial nerve in the temporal
bone where it turns abruptly towards
the stylo-mastoid foramen (anat.).
genioglossal (jenl'oglos'al) a.
[Gk.
geneion, chin ; glossa, tongue.] Connecting the chin and tongue appl.
;
muscles (anat.).
geniohyoid (jem'ohl'oid)
a.
[Gk.
geneion, chin hyoeides, Y-shaped.]
Pert, chin and hyoid
muscles
appl.
;
(anat.).
genital
(jen'ital)
[L. gignere, to
a.
beget.]
(anat.).
genitals
(jen'italz) n.plu.
[L. gignere,
The organs of reproducto beget.]
tion, especially the external organs
(anat.).
(anat.).
genitocrural (jen'itokroo'ral) a.
[L.
In
gignere, to beget
crus, leg.]
the region of the genitals and thigh
appl. a nerve (anat.).
genitoenteric (jen'itoenter'ik) a. [L.
Gk. enteron, gut.]
gignere, to beget
;
Pert, genitals
and
intestine (anat.).
bone.]
Genitocrural.
genoblast (jen'dblast)
n.
[Gk. genos,
A mature
germ-cell exclusively male or female
offspring
(cyt.).
blastos, bud.]
GEN-
genu
losum (anat.).
genera (jSn'era) plu.
genus (je'nus)
A group of closely
[L. genus, race.]
.,
genys
(je'nis)
n.
See gonys.
geobios (je'obl'os)
geocarpic (je'okar'pik)
fruits
karpos,
a.
fruit.]
[Gk. ge,
Having the
maturing underground
(jeol'ojl) n.
logos,
geomalism (jeom'alizm)
earth
omalos,
n.
[Gk. ge,
Response
level.]
geophyte
(je'oflt) n.
phyton,
earth
plant.]
grows
geotaxis
;
(je'otak'sis) n.
[Gk.
taxis, arrangement.]
g*,
Re-
geotropism (jeot'ropizm)
n.
[Gk. ge,
trepein, to turn.]
Tendency
to respond to stimulus of gravity
earth
fin (zool.).
geratology
old age
(jer'atol'oji) n.
[Gk.geras,
logos, discourse.]
Study
germ
n.
gennen, bud.]
A unicellular micro-organism a
seed (tot.) ; a developing egg (zool.).
(jfirm)
lymph gland
tissue (anat.).
germ-disc,
(bot.).
[L.
nucleus (emb.).
idioplasm ; the physical basis of inheritance.
the
exit pore of a germ
germ pore,
tube in the spore integument (bot.).
germ plasm,
germ
the stolon
stock,
Tunicates
certain
in
(zool.).
germ theory,
(bot.).
geology
germ-cell,
germ
earth
GER-
115
organisms
(btol.).
germ
tube
and
germ yolk
gland,-^-m.
some Rhabdo-
germarium
cells.
germinal (jer'mmal)
a.
[L.
germen,
in
Annulates
germinal
early
development
of
(zool.).
cells,
appears (emb.).
GER-
(zool.).
germinal spot,
ooplasm (emb.).
germinal vesicle,
bud
parere,
frmen,
eproduction
(j
to
beget.]
myzon
by germ-formation.
eVmoj Sn') n. [L. germen,
central
cell
phase,
or
of the gastrula-like
in
the
infusorigen,
the
formation
after
portion,
rhpmbogen by division
primary germogen or
central cell
of
of
the
the
primitive
(zool.).
gestation (jSsta'shun)
n.
[L. gerere^
Annelids
clasts
large
in
nerve-cells
osteo;
myeloplaxes
multinuclear
large
proto-
Worms
(zool.).
gibbous (gib'us) a.
[L.
gibbus,
Inflated
saccate or
humped.]
as
the
lateral
pouched,
sepals of
;
Cruciferae
gill
(gll)
n.
(bot.).
[M.E.
gille,
gill.]
gill
large
number
(zool.).
gill
The
(zool.).
an operculum;
gill cover,
a spirally coiled gill-like
gill helix,
in
certain
Clupeidae (zool.).
organ
germogen
formed
cleft
the nucleus of an
the nucleus of an
egg, before formation of polarbodies (emb.).
a branchial
gill cleft,
(emb.).
bud
GLA-
116
of leaf-like structures
remnants,
postepithelial,
branchial, or suprapericardial bodies
in
the
of
higher
arising
pharynx
vertebrates (zool.).
gill
embryonic
gingival
gums.]
in higher (zool.).
(jinjl'val)
a.
[L. gingivae,
Pert, the
gums.
ginglymoid (gmg'glTmoid)
gingglymos,
hinge
a.
joint.]
[Gk.
Con-
one
dorsal
elements (anat.).
gizzard (giz'ard)
and two
n.
ventral
[M.E. gizer,
the muscular
In birds,
grinding chamber of the alimentary
canal the proventriculus of insects
gizzard.]
;
(zool.).
glabella
n.
[L. glaber,
the forehead
the superciliary ridges
(anat.) ; the elevated median region
of the cephalic shield of Trilobites
bald.]
(glabel'a)
The space on
between
(Pal.).
glabrate (glab'rat) a.
[L. glaber,
smooth.] Becoming smooth; glab-
glabrescent,
glabrous
smooth
sur-
in certain
ing
see glabrate.
a.
(glab'rus)
glebula
g/afer,
surface.
gladiate (glad'iat) a.
[L. gladius,
sword.] Shaped like a sword (bot.).
gladiolus (glad'io'lus) n. [L. gladiolus,
small sword.] The middle or largest
part of the sternum (anat.).
gladius (glad'ius) n.
[L. gfaSta,
The pen of a cuttle-fish
sword.]
an
isolated
secreting
cell ; a cell of glandular epithelium.
n.
glands (glandz)
[L. glans,
plu.
an acorn.] Single cells or masses
of cells specialized for the elaboration of secretions either for use in
the body or for excretion (anat.).
cell,
n.
glandula (glan'dula)
An
small acorn.]
\L. glandula,
arachnoid granu-
of polyhedral
or cubical cells whose
protoplasm contains the material
secrtted (phys.).
glandular tissue, tissue of single
or massed cells, parenchymatous
and filled with granular protoplasm,
adapted for secretion of aromatic
substances (hot.).
glandule (glan'dul) n., see glandula.
composed
glands,
c 'lumnar
glandulose-serrate (glan'dulos-seYat)
acorn
a.
[L. glandula, small
Having the serraserratus, sawn.]
tions tipped with glands (bot.).
glans (glanz) n. [L. glans, acorn.]
A nut a hard, dry, indehiscent
one-celled fruit like an acorn (bot.)
a gland, especially the glans penis
;
(gle'bula)
[L.
glebula,
glenohumeral
a.
(gle'nohu'mSral)
L. humerus,
[Gk. glene, socket
the humerus.] Pert, glenoid fossa
and humerus ; appl. ligaments
;
(anaf.).
glenoid (gle'noid) a.
[Gk. glene,
socket eidos, resemblance.] Like
a socket
appl. especially to the
;
(anaf.).
(gll'a, gle'a) n.
cell of
composed
of
foraminifera
glaucescent (glosgs'gnt)
cus, sea-green.]
a.
[L. glau-
Somewhat glaucous
shells
(zool.).
globin (glo'bin)
n.
The
magnesium
(bot.).
Characeae
(bot.).
globulin (glob'ulin)
(anaf.}.
globe.]
n.
proteid
[L.
such
globus,
as fib-
globulose (glob'ulos)
(bot.).
(glok'us)
sea-green.]
green bloom
gleba (gle'ba)
The
in
(tool.).
glaucous
Fungi
apparatus
(bot.).
[L.
smooth.]
gland
GLO-
117
a.
[L. glaucus,
n.
[L. gleba, clod.]
central part of the sporophore
a.
[L. globus,
Spherical ; consisting of,
or containing globules.
a.
glochidiate
(glokTd'Iat)
[Gk.
globe.]
glochis,
arrow
point.]
(bot.).
Furnished
GLO-
n.
[Gk.
Hairs bearon
the
seen
Ing barbed processes
massulae of certain Rhizocarps
the larva of fresh -water
(bot.}
mussels such as Unio and Anodon
glochidium
(glokid'ium)
glochis, arrow-point.]
(gle'a)
n.
An
adhesive
Protozoa (zool.}.
glomus,
glomerulus
glomerulate
glomus,
(anat.}.
a.
(glomeYulat)
Arranged
ball.]
[L.
in
(bot.}.
glomeruliferous (glomgr'ulTf'grus) a.
to carry.]
[L. glomus, ball ferre,
Having the flowers arranged in
glomerules (bot.}.
;
glomerulus
glomus,
n.
(glomer'ulus)
ball.]
network
[L.
of capil-
portion
;
cephalon
(anat.}.
glomus
of
skeins
the
suprarenal
glands
(anat.}.
n.
glossa,
[Gk.
tongue.] A tongue-like projection
in the middle of the labium of
(glos'a)
insects (zool.}.
a.
glossal
[Gk. glossa,
(glos'al)
tongue.] Pert._ the tongue.
glossarium (glosa'rium) n. [Gk. glossa,
tongue.] Theslender-pointedglossa
of certain Diptera (zool.}.
glossate (glos'at) a.
[Gk. glossa,
Having a tongue or
tongue.]
membrane
palate
appl.
muscle
arch,
(anat.}.
and
clusters.
glossa
[L.
(glomer'ular) a.
or like a
Pert,
ball.]
glomerular
6ra)
a brain
glosso-kinaesthetic area,
area in Broca's convolution immediately connected with speech (phys.}.
a.
glossopalatine
(glos'opal'atm)
L. palatus,
[Gk. glossa, tongue
the palate.]
Connecting tongue
and
(zool.}.
gloea
GLU-
118
(anat.}.
glossohyal(glos'6hl'al) n. \Gk.glossa,
tongue ; hyoeides, Y-shaped.] The
(zool.}.
gullet
nerve
(anat.}.
glossopodium (glos'dpo'dium) n.
[Gk.
tongue
pous, foot.] The
leaf-base
of
Isoetes
sheathing
glossa,
(bot.}.
glossotheca (glos'othe'ka) n.
[Gk.
The
glossa, tongue
theke, box.]
of
a
proboscis-covering part
pupal
integument of insects (zool.}.
;
glottis
n.
(glot'is)
tongue.]
[Gk.
The opening
windpipe (anat.}.
glucase (glook'as)
n.
glotta,
into the
[Gk.
glykus,
glucoproteins,
compounds of protein with a carbohydrate, including
A nitrogenous
reducing
[Gk.
sub-
power,
glucose (glook'os) n.
[Gk. glykus,
sweet.] The grape sugar of plants
and animals (phys.}.
gluma (gloom'a) n.
A bract
glumaceous
(glooma'shus)
Dry and
gluma, husk.]
glumes (bot.}.
glume (gloom)
a.
[L.
scaly like
see gluma.
n.,
glumiferous (gloomlf'e'rus) a.
[L.
to
gluma, husk
ferre,
bear.]
or
Bearing
producing glumes (bot.}.
glumiflorus (gloom'iflo'rus) a.
[L.
gluma, husk flos, flower.] Having
flowers with glumes or bracts at
;
their bases
(bot.}.
GLU-
a.
[Gk. gloutos,
buttock.] Pert, or in the region of
the buttocks appl. artery, muscle,
nerve, tuberosity, vein (anaf.).
gluteal (gloot'eal)
;
some
[Gk. gloutos,
given to certain
muscles of the buttock (anat.).
glutinous (gloot'mus) a. [L. gluten,
Having a sticky or adhesive
glue.]
.
Name
buttock.]
(dot.).
n.
(glis''erin)
[Gk. glykos,
The sweet principle of
sweet.]
natural fats and oils (phys.).
glycerol (glis'6r61) n.,- see glycerin.
glycerin
sweet
position
(gllkol'isls) n.
[Gk. glykos,
lyein, to loosen.]
of
Decom-
by hydrolysis
sugar
gnathism
(gnath'Izm, nath'izm) n.
Formation of
[Gk. gnathos, jaw.]
jaw with reference to the degree
of projection.
n.
plu.
The buccal
appendages of insects.
gnathobase (gnath'obas, nath'obas) n.
basis, base.]
[Gk. gnathos, jaw
;
An
(zool.).
(zool.).
gnathotheca
gnathostomatous
(gnath'ostSm'atus,
(gnath'othe'ka,
othe'ka) n.
theke, case.]
[Gk.
gnathos,
The horny
of a
nath'-
jaw
outer
lower jaw
bird's
(zool.).
goblet
mucus-secreting cells
cells,
descent.]
gland, either ovary or
sexual
testis (zool.).
gonaduct (gSn'adukt)
n.
[Gk. gonos,
L. ducere, to lead.]
offspring
a duct leading from
genital duct
the gonad to the exterior a gono-
duct
(Phys.).
glycosecretory (gll'kosekre'tori) a.
[Gk. glykos, sweet L. secretus, set
Connected with the secreapart!]
tejit) n.
jaw
covering
grains.
gluteus (gloot'eus)
surface
GON-
119
(zool.).
gonanglum
n.
(gon5n'jtum)
[Gk.
seed
anggeion, vessel.] A
gonotheca, a dilated cup of perisarc protecting the blastostyle of
Calyptoblastea (zool.).
gonapophyses (gon'apof isez) n. plu.
[Gk. gone, seed apo, from phyein^
to grow.] The chitinous outgrowths
subserving copulation in insects
the component parts of the sting
gone,
(zool.).
In
corner.]
n.
some
[Gk.
verte-
gonidangium
(gon'idan'jium) n. [Gk.
anggeion, vessel.]
structure producing or contain-
ing gonidia
(bot.).
gonldia (gonid'ia)
(gonid'Ium) sing.
n. plu.
gonidium
(dot.).
Gk,
(gSn'Idfm'lum) n.
dim. of gone, seed.]
A gonidial
structure smaller than a gonidium
and larger than a gonimium (dot.).
gonidimlum
GON-
gonidiferous (bot.).
gonidioid (gonid'ioid) a. [Gk. dim.
of gone, seed et'dos, resemblance.]
Like a gonidium
appl. certain
;
Algae (Sot.).
gonidiophore (gonid'iofor) n.
[Gk.
dim. of gone, seed pherein, to bear.]
An aerial hypha supporting a goni;
dangium
n.
(gSmm'ium)
[Gk.
bluish-
gonimos, productive.]
green gonidium of certain Lichens
see gona-
(gon'ofor) n.
[Gk. gone,
seed ; pherein, to bear.] An elongation of the thalamus between corolla
and stamens
a reproductive
(bot.)
zooid in a hydroid colony (zool.).
gonoplasm (gon'oplazm) n. [Gk. gone,
seed
The
(cyt.).
n.
[Gk. gone,
seed poros, channel.] The reproductive aperture of female Nematodes (zool.).
;
n.
[Gk. gone
;
soma, body.] All the reproductive
zooids of a hydrozoan
n.
plu.
Algae (dot).
gonion (go'nlon) n. [Gk. gonia, angle.]
The angle point on the lower jaw
colony
(zool.).
n.
[Gk. gonos,
blastos, bud.]
repro-
ductive cell
n.
[Gk.
gonos, offspring ; blastos, bud.J
blastostyle of Hydrozoa (zool.).
n.
gonocalyx (gSn'oka'liks)
[Gk.
offspring ; kalyx, a cup.]
he bell of a medusiform gonophore
finos,
(zool.).
n.
[Gk. gonos,
A
ochema, support]
medusoid bearing sex-cells in the
;
Hydrozoa (zool.).
gonochorism (gon'oko'rizm)
gonotheca (gSn'othe'ka) n.
[Gk. gone,
;
theke, cup.]
transparent
protective expansion of the perisarc
round a blastostyle or gonophore
gonotome (gon'otom)
n.
[Gk. gone,
seed temnein, to cut.] An embryonic segment containing the primordium of the gonad, comparable
to a nephrotome (smb.).
;
gonozooid
(gon'b'zd'oid) n.
[Gk. gone,
seed
zoon, animal
eidos, resemblance.]
gonophore or reproductive individual of a hydrozoan
colony; a zooid containing a gonad
;
[Gk.
to
chorisein,
offspring ;
The history or developof sex distinction.
gonocoele (g6n'6sel) n.
[Gk. gone,
The cavity
seed
koilos, hollow.]
containing the gonads (zool.).
gonocytes (gon'oslts) n. plu.
[Gk.
gone, seed kytos, hollow.] Sexual
;
gonodendron (gon'6d6n'dron)
(zool.).
n.
divide.]
n.
[Gk.
(zool.).
oosphere (bot.).
gonostyle (gon'ostll) n.
[Gk. gone,
seed
The blastostylos, pillar.]
sexual
or
style
palpon
siphon of
Siphonophora (zool.).
gonocheme (gSn'okem)
gonos,
An
(zool.).
(zool.).
gonoblastid (gSn'oblas'tid)
offspring
n.
(gon'osfe'rium)
sphaira, globe.]
seed
(anat.).
gonoblast (gon'oblast)
offspring
seed
gonosphaerium
(bot.).
gonimoblasts (gon'imoblasts)
(gon'odiikt') n.,
duct.
gonophore
gonosome (gon'osom)
(dot.).
gonimium
ment
gonoduct
gonopore (gon'opor)
(bot.).
gonidiophyll (gonid'iofil) n.
[Gk.
dim. of gone, seed phyllon, leaf.]
A gametophyte leaf bearing gonidia
gonos,
GRA-
120
gonys
(gon'is) n.
jaw.]
The lower
bill (zool.).
gracllis
n.
[L. gracilis,
superficial muscle of
(gras'ilis)
slender.]
graduated (grad'uatgd) a.
[L. gradus^
GRATapering
step.]
becoming longer
or shorter by steps.
grain (gran) n. [L. granum, grain.]
Theseedof cereals a granular prominence on the back of a sepal (dot.}.
;
graminifolious (gram'fnifo'llus) a.
[L. gramen, grass
folium, leaf.]
;
With
grass-like leaves
(bot.}.
graminivorous (gram'miv'orus) a.
vorare, to eat.]
[L. gramen, grass
;
Grass-eating (zool.}.
granellae (graneTe) n. plu. [L. dim.
Small oval,
of granum, grain.]
refractile granules consisting chiefly
of barium sulphate, found in the
tubes
granellae-containing
of
Sarcodina (zool.}.
granose (gran'os) a.
[L. granum,
In appearance like a chain
grain.]
of grains, like some insect antennae
moniliform (zool.").
granular (gran'ular) a. [L. granum,
Consisting of grains or
granules appearing as if made up
of granules (zool.}.
grain.]
n.
[L.
grain-like elevagrain.]
tion or eminence ; appl. arachnoid
elevations on the outer surface of
granulation (gran'ula'shun)
granum,
granule
(gran'ul)
n.
granulum,
[L.
formed of
soft
protoplasm
n.
hex, six ;
[Gk. graphein, to write
hexaster spicule
aster, star.]
with long outwardly-directed filamentous processes from four of the
rays
grater
(zool.}.
(gra'ter)
scrape.]
GUA-
121
One
n.
[O.F. grater, to
of the denticles of a
Eunice (zool.}.
gravity (grav'iti) n. [L.gravis, heavy.]
The
gregaloid (grgg'aloid) a.
[L. grex,
flock; Gk. eidos, like.]
Appl. a
of
Protozoa
of
indefinite
colony
shape, usually with a gelatinous
base, formed by incomplete division
of individuals or partial union of
adults
(zool.}.
greyish
grey nerve-fibres,
semitransparent,
body
at
which
cell-division
is
increase in substance of
plant or animal, due to anabolism
being greater than katabolism
growth,
(biol.}.
growth
rings,
annual
see
rings
(bot.}.
grumose (groom'os)
hillock.]
Clotted
a.
;
[L. grutnus,
knotted
col;
guanylic (gwan'ilik) a.
[Peruvian,
huano, dung.]
Appl. a nucleic
acid, yielding guanin, found in the
pancreas (phys.}.
GUA-
GYM-
122
guard
(gard) n.
[O.F. garder, to
guard.] The rostrum of a Belemnite (pal.}.
small
of
spot
gubernaculum (goo'bernak'ulum)
n.
[L. gutta,
Formation of drops of
water on plants from moisture in
(dot.).
guttiform (gut'iform) a.
[L. gutta,
drop forma, shape.] Drop-like
in the form of a drop (zoo/.).
guttulate (gut'ulat) a. [L. guttula,
small drop.]
In the form of a
small drop, as markings (zoo/.).
;
n.
(zoo/.).
an
(zoo/.).
drop.]
the air
(dot.}.
gubernacular (goo'bernak'ular) a.
Pert.
[L. gubemare, to govern.]
the gubernaculum.
on
colour
wing or elsewhere
insect's
guttation (guta'shun)
guard
plant tissue
gymnanthous
a.
(jimnan'thus)
[Gk.
gymnetrous (jimne'trus) a.
[Gk.
gymnos, naked
etron, abdomen.]
;
gullet (gul'et)
n.
[L. gula,
gullet.]
The oesophagus;
a muscular canal
extending from mouth cavity to
the canal between the
stomach
cell-mouth or cytostome and the
;
gum (gum) n.
An
Without an anal
fin
(zoo/.).
gymnoarian
(jimnoa'rian) a.
[Gk.
naked.]
Appl. gonads
when naked, or not enclosed in
coelomic sacs
cystoarian
opp.
gymnos,
(zoo/.).
appl.
(zoo/.).
gymnocarpous
(jim'nokar'pus)
With naked
fruit
a.
karfios,
appl.
gynmocidlum
n.
(jTm'nosid'ium)
[Gk. gymnos, uncovered.] A basal
swelling of certain moss capsules
gummiferous (gurmf'eYus) a.
[L.
to
carry.]
ferre,
gummi, gum
Gum-producing or exuding (dot.).
gummosis (giimd'sTs) n. [L. gummi,
gum.] Condition of plant tissue when
cell-walls become gummy (dot.).
gums
n.
plu.
[A.S. goma,
(gumz)
jaw.] The thick tissues investing
the jaws (anat.).
gustatory (gus'tatori) a. [L. gustare,
to taste.] Pert, sense of taste appl.
cells, hairs, pores, nerves (anat.).
gustatory calyculus, a taste bud
an end-cell or end-organ of taste
consisting of a group of gustatory
;
cells (anat.).
gut
The
animal (zoo/.).
gutta (gut'a) n.
(dot.).
used by Haeckel
gymnogenous
gutta,
drop.]
(diol.).
(j!mnqj'6nus) a. [Gk.
genos, offspring.]
bo'rn
appl. birds
gymnos, naked
'Naked when
(zoo/.).
gymnogynous
(jimnqj'inus) a.
[Gk.
gymnos, naked
gyne,
woman.]
With exposed ovary (dot.).
;
[L.
a cytode
a term
gymnorhlnal
(diol.).
(jTm'nori'nal) a.
[Gk.
GYMgymnos, naked
With
rhis, nose.]
gymnosomatous
(jim'nosom'atus)
a.
gymnospore (jfm'nospor) n.
[Gk.
sporos, seed.J A
gymnos, naked
naked germ not enclosed in a
;
phore.
(jine'kofor)
woman
[Gk.
pherein, to carry.]
groove of certain
Worms formed by an inrolling of
the sides, in which the female is
carried (zool.}.
gyne,
canal
or
gynandrism (jman'drlzm)
gyne,
appears
style
ovary (6of.).
gynobasic style, a style arising from
the base of the carpel (oof.).
gynodioecious (jf nodle'shus) a. [Gk.
oikos,
gyne, woman ; dis, twice
Dimorphic, with some
house.]
female
plants
only
producing
flowers (oof.).
;
gynoecium
(jine'stum) n.
[Gk. gyne,
The
oikos, house.]
pistils,
gynogonidia
(ji'ndgonld'ia) n. plu.
[Gk. gyne, woman gonos, offspring.]
Female sexual elements formed after
repeated division of parthenogonidia
;
in
Mastigophora
(oio/.).
gynomonoecious (ji'nomone'shus)
a.
woman
;
monos, alone
[Gk. gyne,
house.]
Appl. plants with
pistillate flowers only (oof.).
oikos,
gynaecophore
woman
n.
[Gk.
aner, man.]
Her-
maphroditism.
(jinan'dromor'fizm) n. [Gk. gyne, woman ; aner,
man ; morphe, form.] Condition of
having one side characteristically
male, the other female, from external aspect.
bearing a sporophyll
gynandrosporous
[Gk. gyne,
gynophore
[Gk. gyne,
(ji'nofor) n.
A
;
pherein, to carry.]
an
supporting the ovary
elongation of the thalamus between
woman
stalk
stamens and
gynostegium
gyne,
(oof.).
(jinan'drospo'rus)
aner, man ;
woman
pistil (oof.).
(jfnosce'jium) n.
woman
tective
gynandromorphism
a.
plants
woman
(oof.).
The
HAB-
123
stege, roof.]
covering
[Gk.
pro-
a gynoecium
for
(oof.).
gynostemium (ji'noste'mlum)
woman
[Gk.
stemon, warp.]
The
and
gyne,
n.
[L. gyrare, to
Rotation, as of cells ; a
gyration (jira'shun)
revolve.]
gyrose
(jfros)
revolve.]
sinuous
gyrus
a.
[L.
(zool.}.
gyrare,
With undulating
to
lines
(dot.).
(ji'rus) n.,
gyri
plu. [L.
cerebral convolu(jl'rl)
gyrus, circle.] A
tion
a ridge between two grooves
Algae
(anaf.).
seed.]
sporos,
With androspores
some
(oof.).
gynandrous (jinan'drus)a.
woman
aner, man.]
Having the
stamens fused with the pistils, as in
some Orchids (oof.).
gynantherous (jinan'thgrus) a: [Gk.
gyne, woman anf/ios, flower.] Having the stamens converted into pistils
;
(oof.).
[Gk. gyne,
(ji'nobas) n.
L. basis, base.]
gynoecium-bearing receptacle of certain
gynobase
woman
\G\i.gyne,
habenula (habSn'Oli)
strap.]
A name
n.
[L. habena,
certain
appl.
HADthe same
stimulus produce
inishing effects (phys.}.
hadrocentrlc (h&d'rosgn'trik)
dim-
a.
[Gk.
thick
hadros,
kentron, centre.]
With the phloem surrounding the
;
xylem
(bot.}.
n.
[Gk.
haima, blood
chromos, colour.]
The colouring matter found in the
blood (phys.}.
;
see haemocyanin.
haemacyanin,
haemacyte
(he'masit) n.
[Gk. haima,
blood
;
kytos, hollow.]
corpuscle (anat., phys.}.
blood
haemad
(he'mal)
[Gk. haima,
Pert,
blood or bloodblood.]
vessels also situated on the same
side of the vertebral column as the
;
(zool.}.
haemamoeba (hem'ame'ba)
n.
[Gk.
haemapophysis
n.
(hem'apof'isis)
Red
blood-corpuscle.
n.
[Gk. haima,
blue-black
substance
blood.]
formed by the decomposition of
haemoglobin, and probably con-
haematin (hem'atln)
haematobic
(hem'ato'bflc)
bios,
haima, blood
in the blood (zool.}.
;
a.
life.]
[Gk.
Living
haematoblast (hgm'atoblast)
;
n.
blastos, bud.]
in
[Gk.
Any
will
haematocryal
(hgm'atokrl'al) a.
haematocyanin
[Gk.
Cold-
(hgin'atosl'anTn)
n.
and Arthropods
blue
becomes
which
when oxydized
(zool.}.
haematocytozoon
(hgm'atosi'tozo'on)
n.
[Gk. haima, blood ; kytos, hollow ; zoon, animal.] An intra-cor-
haima, blood
(zool.).
doche,
receptacle.]
Araneae
(zool.}.
haematogen (hgm'atojen)
n.
[Gk.
haima, blood
gignesthai, to produce.] A pseudo-nuclein containing
;
iron (phys.}.
haematogenesls
(hgm'atojSn'esis)
n.
(Phys.}.
haematogenous
a.
(hSm'atoj'gnus)
gignesthai, to
[Gk. haima, blood
Formed in the blood
produce.]
;
(Phys.}.
haematoidln (hgm'atoid'In)
haima, blood
An
iron-free
eidos,
n.
[Gk.
resemblance.]
pigment
found
in
blood-stains (phys.}.
haematophagous
(hgm'atSf'agus) a.
[Gk. haima, blood ; phagein, to eat.]
Feeding on the blood, or obtaining
nourishment from the blood (zool.}.
haematophyte
haima, blood
n.
(hgm'atokrom)
(zool., anat.}.
haemal
blood.]
haematochrome
haemachrome (he'makrom)
heart
HAE-
124
(hgm'atoflt) n.
[Gk.
haematoporphyrin
n.
(he"m'at6p6r'fir!n)
purple.]
An
iron-free
porphyra,
substance
of
HAEhaematosis
haimafoein,
(hem'ato'siTs)
to change
n.
[Gk.
to
blood.]
Blood-formation (phys.}.
;
Warm-blooded (zool.).
haematozoon (hgm'atb'zo'on)
[Gk.
(hem'oplasmo'-
dium) n.
haima, blood
[Gk.
A
plasma, something moulded.]
unicellular animal parasite of the
blood (zool.\
haemotropic (hem'otrop'ik)
a.
[Gk.
blood
to
turn.]
haima,
trepein,
(Phys.).
haeinochromogen
(hem'okro'mb'jen)
chroma,
[Gk. haima, blood
colour
gignesthai, to produce.]
The colour producing component
of haemoglobin (phys.).
n.
panded
which
tolysis.
haemoplasmoclium
n.
haemic
haemolysis
haeniatothermal (hgm'atothgr'mal) a.
[Gk. haima, blood thermos, warm.]
blood
HAL-
125
An exhollow.]
portion of the blood system
replaces the true coelom
koilos,
(*/.).
haemocyanin
see
(hern'osfanm),
haematocyanin.
haemocytolysis (hem'osltol'isis) n.
[Gk. haima, blood kytos, hollow
The breaking
lyein, to dissolve.]
up of the red blood-corpuscle by
;
blood
Granules
zoon, animal.]
of a black pigment usually called
melanin, but without the chemical
characteristics
of true melanin
;
(Phys.}.
fibres (anat.).
hair
solution (phys.).
haemocytotrypsis (hem'osl'totrip'sTs)
n.
[Gk. haima, blood kytos, hollow tribein, to rub.] Breaking up
of blood by pressure (phys.).
haemoerythrin (hem'derith'rin)
;
the
follicle,
tubular
sheath
(zool.).
half-inferior,
partially
(bot.}.
[Gk.
(/.).
haemoglobin
flat
(hem'oglo'bin)
(phys.).
haemoid (hem'oid)
a.
[Gk. haima,
blood
Reeidos, resemblance.]
sembling blood (phys.).
;
haemolymph
(hem'olimf)
n.
[Gk.
A
haima, blood
lympke, fluid.]
fluid found in the coelom of some
which
is
as
invertebrates,
regarded
equivalent to the blood and lymph
of the higher forms (zool.).
;
haemolysin
half-terete,
cf. limnoplankton.
hallux (hal'uks) n.
[Gk.
referring
modified
first
hind-limb (anat.}.
halobios (hal'obfos)
[Gk. hals,
sea bios, life.] The sum total of
living plants and animals in the
sea (biol.}.
halolimnic (hal'olTm'nik) a.
[Gk.
limne, marsh.] Pert, or
hals, sea
haima, blood
lyein, to dissolve.]
A substance developed in the blood
(hern'oll'sln)
The
great toe.]
(zool.).
to
to
marine
live
in
organisms
water
fresh
HALhalophilous
salt
(halof'ilus) a.
[Gk. hals,
Salt-loving
philein, to love.]
(bot.}.
halophyte
(haloflt) n.
[Gk. hals,
phyton, plant.] Shore plants
of
thriving on saltplants capable
salt
impregnated
halteres
soils (dot.}.
n. plu.
(hal'terez)
[Gk.
in jumping.]
small capitate bodies
representing the rudimentary posterior wings in Diptera, which are
said to be balancers (zool.}.
weight used
halter,
pair of
hamate
a.
(ham'at)
hamatus,
hooked-
[L.
Hooked
hooked.]
or
hamatum (hama'tum) n.
[L. hamatus,
The unciform bone in
hooked.]
the carpus, probably corresponding
to the fourth arid fifth distalia of a
typical pentadactyl limb (zool.}.
Hooked (dot.}.
hamular (ham'ular)
hook.] Hooked
hamulus (ham'ulus)
a.
[L.
hook-like
n.
[L.
hamus,
(zool.}.
hamulus,
hapaxanthous
a.
(hap'aksan'thus)
anthos, flower.]
[Gk. hapax, once
With only a single flowering period
;
(hap'lokoles'ent)
a.
L. caulis,
simple
With a simple axis, i.e.,
stem.]
of
capable
producing seed on the
main
haploos,
axis
(tot.},
haplochlainydeous (hap'loklamid'eus)
a.
cloak.]
in
(bot.}.
haplodont (hap'lodont)tf.
[G\a. haploos,
odous, tooth.]
Having the
simple
number of chromosomes
istic
around
of
the
peri,
Having
row of
tein,
to
fasten.]
from
outgrowths
Special disc-like
the stem - like
n. plu.
[Gk.
pherein, to carry.]
of
the
qualities
molecule of a toxin cf. toxophores
haptein, to fasten
(Phys.\
harmonic suture,
an articulation
brought about by the apposition of
surfaces
fairly smooth edges or
(anat.}.
harmosone
//.
(har'moson)
[Gk.
One of the
armozo, I regulate.]
class of hormones which influence
growth
HassaH's
(phys.}.
concentric corpuscles,
the reticulum of the
cell nests in
haulm
(hot.}.
(horn) n.
haustellate (hos'telat)
a.
Having
suck.]
The
[A.S. healing
(bot.}.
haplocaulescent
[Gk.
a.
The combining
at the tip.
shaped
HEA-
126
the
[L. haurire,
a proboscis
(zool.}.
n. [L. haurire,
proboscis adapted for
sucking (zool.}.
haustorial (hosto'rlal)
to drink.]
a.
[L. haurire,
Pert, or resembling a
haustorium
(bot.}.
haustorium
(hosto'riiim)
n.
[L.
bone
in
the small
canals in
lie
(anat.}.
n.
[AS. heafod.] The
anterior part of a vertebrate body
containing the brain, skull, eyes,
head (hed)
HEA-
nephridium usually
developed
of
in
inverte-
heat
kind
(het) n.
[A.S. haetu.]
of energy manifested in various
the sensation of warmth
ways
produced by stimulation of special
organs the period of sexual desire
;
(Phys.).
//.
[Gk.
heel(hel).
convoluted
Spiral ;
appl. certain convoluted
dilated arteries in the penis
4
pert, outer rim of the pinna (anat.).
helicoid (heTikoid) a.
[Gk. helix,
spiral.]
and
a
Helix
snail's shell
pert, genus
(zool.)
pert, type of symin
which
the symbranching
podial
podium consists of the fork branches
like
helicotrema (hel'ikotre'ma)
n.
[Gk.
A
trema, hole.]
spiral ;
small opening near the summit
of the cochlea by which the two
scalae
communicate with one
another (anat.).
helix,
heliosis
hoisted
HEM-
127
Spiral;
shaped
(helio'sTs) n.
[Gk, Julias,
The production of dissun.]
coloured spots or markings on
leaves through the concentration
of the sun on them (bot.).
heliotaxis (he'liotak'sis) n.
[Gk.
helios, sun
taxis, arrangement.]
Response to the stimulus of the
;
sun's rays.
brates
(zool.).
helmet (heTme't)
head covering.]
n.
[O.F. helmet,
The process of
of hornbills ; the bony
plates covering the head of certain
extinct Fishes
the galea of Insects
the
bill
(zool.).
helminthology
[Gk.
helmins,
n.
(hel'minthol'dji)
worm ; logos, dis-
Laconian town.]
Symbiosis in
which the one organism enslaves
the other
in
its
and
behalf,
forces
e.g.
in
to labour
Lichens, in
it
thickened
Insects
Worms
[Gk.
The
wing.]
of certain
certain
of
elytra
elytron,
forewing
the
(zool.).
HEM-
heinisome (hSm'isom)
hemelytrum, hemelytron.
hemibasidium (hem'ibasid'ium)
n.
hemibathybial
a.
(hem'ibathib'ial)
half; bathys, depths.]
[Gk. hemi,
Perl, plankton between the littoral
and bathybial zones (biol.).
hemibranch (hem'ibrangk) n. [Gk.
A
hemi, half; brangchia, gills.]
gill with gill filaments on one side
only
a.
[Gk.
hemi, half; chorde, string.] Possessing a more or less rudimentary
notochord (zool.).
hemicyclic (hem'isi'klik)
a.
[Gk.
hemi, half; kyklos, round.] With
some of the floral whorls cyclic,
others spiral (bot.).
hemielytron,
hemelytron
hemiepiphyte
(hem'iep'iflt)
(zool.).
n.
[Gk.
hemi, half; sphaira, globe.] One
of the cerebral hemispheres (zool.).
hemisystole
(hgm'isis'tole) n.
[Gk.
hemi, half ; syn, with ; stellein, to
Contraction of one ventricle
set.]
of the heart (phys.).
hemitropous (hemit'ropus)
a.
[Gk.
to
half;
turn.]
trepein,
half round, having an
ovule with the hilum on one side
and the micropyle, etc., opposite
in a plane parallel to the placenta
n.
(bot.}.
hemiparasitic
a.
(hem'ipar'asTt'ik)
[Gk.
sites,
is
One
of the
in lizards
(zool.).
(hemip'terus) a.
hemi, half; pteron, wing.]
Hemiptera
hemisaprophyte
Turned
(bot.).
hemorrhoidal (hem'oroi'dal)
blood
haima,
Rectal
appl.
rhein,
arteries
a.
to
[Gk.
flow.]
and veins
(anat.).
[Gk.
hemi, half ; epi, upon ; phyton,
A plant whose seeds
plant.]
germinate on another plant, but
later send roots to the ground
and snakes
hemipterous
n.
[Gk. hemi,
The symhalf; soma, body.]
metrical half of an animal about
hemi,
(zool.).
hemichordate (hem'ikor'dat)
[Gk.
Pert.
(zool.).
(hgm'isap'roflt)
n.
HEP-
128
hepar
(he'par) n.
[L. hepar, liver.]
Liver or any organ having a similar
function (anat., zool.).
hepatic (hepat'ik)
a.
[L. hepar, liver.]
like or associated with the
Pert,
liver (zool.)
hepatocolic
hepatocystic (hgp'atosis'tik) a.
[L.
hepar, liver ; Gk. kystis, bladder.]
Pert, liver and gall-bladder (zool.).
hepatoduodenal (hep'atodu'tide'nal) a.
[L. hepar, liver ; duodeni, twelve
each.] Pert, liver and duodenum
(anat.).
hepatoenteric (hgp'atoenter'lk) a.
Gk. enteron, gut.]
hepar, liver
;
or pert, liver
and
hepatogastric (hep'atogas'trik)
Gk. gaster,
hepar, liver
;
Pert, liver
[L.
Of
intestine.
and stomach
a.
[L.
belly.]
(anat.).
liver
portare,
to
a.
[L.
carry.]
HEP-
hepatorenal (hep'atore'nal)
;
heptagynous
a.
[Gk.
gyne, female.]
With
(hgptaj'inus)
hepta, seven
seven
pistils (oof.}.
heptamerous (heptam'Srus)
a.
[Gk.
meros, part.] Having
the whorls of the flower in sevens
hepfa, seven
(bot.).
heptandrous
a.
(hSptan'driis)
hepta, seven
[Gk.
Having
sevens
in
arranged
(hot.).
herb (h6rb)
stem (bot.).
herbaceous (herba'shiis)
a.
[L. her-
Pert, or resemgrassy.]
bling a herb, or similarly formed
baceus,
(oof.).
hercogamy
(hgrkog'ami)
condition in
is
n.
[Gk.
herkos, barrier
impossible
(bot.}.
[L. heredTransmitted or
itas, heirship.]
possibly transmissible from parent
to offspring, as a special quality or
condition (biol.).
hereditary
heredity
(hergd'itari) a.
(hered'iti) n.
heirship.]
between
[L. hereditas,
The organic
successive
relation
generations
(biol.}.
heteracanthous
(het'erakan'thus)
a.
asymmetrical
(zoo/.).
a.
karpos, fruit.]
Bearing two distinct types of fruit
;
(bot.}.
heterocephalous(h6t'gr6kef'alus,-sef-)
a.
kephalc,
[Gk. heteros, other
head.] Having the pistillate flowers
on separate headsfromthestaminate
flowers (bot.}.
;
these
a.
leaves
[Gk.
Having
aner, man.]
seven stamens (bot.}.
heptastichous (heptas'tikus)
hepta, seven stichos, row.]
the
HET-
129
(biol.}.
hermaphroditism (hermafrod'Itizm) n.
[Gk. hermaphrodites, combiningboth
tail (zoo/.).
heterochlamydeous
eus)#.
HETHaving a calyx
cloak.]
from corolla
differing
(bot.).
heterochromous (heYerokro'mus)
a.
heterochronism (hgt'erokro'nizm)
n.
cephalous (bot.).
heterocoelous (het'grose'lus) a. [Gk.
heteros, other koilos, hollow.] Pert.
vertebrae with saddle-shapedarticulatory centra (zool.).
heterocysts (hgt'groststs) n. plu. [Gk.
heteros, other kystis, bladder.] The
clear cells occurring at intervals
on the filaments of certain Algae,
;
of
limits
heteros,
(he't'e'rod'romus)
other
dromein,
heteroecious (het'gre'shus)
a.
[Gk.
gamos, marriage.]
having two
of
flowers
types
having indirect
pollination methods (biol.).
;
(hgt'grog'aml) a.
[Gk.
other
gamos, offspring.]
Alternation of generations (biol.).
;
(hgt'grogang'gltat)
a.
(biol.).
heteros, other
heterogenesis
a.
gonos, birth.]
[Gk.
Pert.
(biol.).
heterogony
(het'erog'oni) n.
[Gk.
Havheteros, other ; gonos, birth.]
kinds
of
two
flowers
differing
ing
in length of stamen (bot.) ; alterna-
heterogynous
heteros,
other
gyne,
[Gk.
woman.]
(zool.).
(het'erokar'Iot) a. [Gk.
plasm
heterology
(biol.).
(het'erol'qjl)
other
n.
[Gk.
discourse.]
of parts
to different origin or different
;
logos,
owing
elements (biol.).
heteromallous (het'erom'alus)
heterogangliate
regular series
heterogonous (het'erog'onus)
to
spiral
heteros,
[Gk.
(heVerqj'eni)
Havheteros, other ; genos, race.]
ing several distinct generations
a
in
succeeding one another
The non-correspondence
heterogamy
n.
a.
other
heterogeny
heteros,
heteros,
[Gk.
duce.]
Spontaneous generation
alternation of generations (biol.).
ing the
various purposes (zool).
run.]
n.
gignesthai, to pro-
a.
a.
(het'erodont)
[Gk.
Havodous, tooth.]
teeth differentiated for
heterodromous
heteros, other
heteros, other
ganglia (zool.).
heterogenesis (het'erqje'n'e'sis)
the
heterodont
heterodactylous (het'erodak'tilus)
[Gk.
HET-
130
a.
[Gk.
heteromastigate
(hgt'e'romas'tigat) a.
heteros, other ; mastix, lash.]
two different types of
eik.
aving
flagella (zool.).
heteromastigote
(het'eromas'tigot),
heteromastigate.
heteromerous (het'erom'erus)
a. [Gk.
meros, part.] Havof
the
whorls
ing
consisting
an unequal number of parts (bot.).
heterometabolic (het'eromeYabol'ik)
a.
[Gk. heteros, other ; metabole,
change.] Having incomplete meta-
heteros, other
morphosis
(zool.).
HETheteromorphic
different
Having
a.
(het'eromor'flk)
times
morphe, shape.]
forms at different
;
(zool.).
heteromorphism (heYSromor'fizm)
n.
heteromorphic (biol.).
heteromorphosis (heYeromor'fosis) n.
[Gk. heteros, other; morphe, shape.]
The production of a part in an
worms
(zool.}.
a.
(heYgropeYalus)
[Gk. heteros, other ; petalon, petal.]
With dissimilar petals (bot.).
heterophagous (hgt'eWagus)
other
phagein,
a.
[Gk.
to
eat.]
heteros, other
proteids (phys.).
heterorhizal (het'grorl'zal) a.
[Gk.
With
heteros, other
rhiza, root.]
roots coming from no determinate
;
point
(bot.).
heterosporous
sporos, seed.]
of spores
het'-
(hSt'Stospo'riis,
SrSs'poriis) a.
(bot.).
heterosteinonous
a.
[Gk.
stamen.]
(hCt'erostem'onus)
other ; stemon,
unlike stamens
heteros,
With
(bot.).
heterostrophy
(het'eros'trofi) n.
[Gk.
other ; strophe, turning.]
condition of being coiled in
a direction opposite to the normal
heteros,
The
(zool.).
heterostyled (het'erdstl'ld) a.
[Gk.
other
heteros,
pillar.]
stylos,
Having unlike styles or unequal
;
styles (bot.).
heterostyly
(he't'e'rosti'li)
(hgt'eroflad'ik) a.
[Gk.
Pro-
phyas, shoot.]
ducing separate shoots, one vegetaone
tive,
reproductive (bot.).
heterophyllous (het'grofil'us) a. [Gk.
Bearheteros, other; phyllon, leaf.]
;
n.
[Gk.
Con-
taxis, arrangement.]
;
or unusual arrangement
of organs or parts (biol.).
heterotomy (heYgrot'oml) n.
[Gk.
heteros, other; temnein, to cut.] The
condition of having the parts of the
perianth whorls unequal or dis-
similar
(bot.)
(zool.}.
irregular dichotomy
in Crinoids (zool.).
heterotopy
(zool.).
heterophyadic
Abnormal
(zool.).
heteropetalous
heferos,
heteroproteose (heYeropro'teos) n.
[Gk. heteros, other
protos, first.]
One of the primary products formed
by the action of gastric juices on
birds
HET-
131
n.
(heYerot'opi)
topos, place.]
heteros, other
placement
[Gk.
Dis-
(biol.).
heterotrlchous
(hgt'erot'rlkus)
a.
nourishment
its
Getting
outside
appl.
parasitic
from
plants
(bot.).
heterotropic,
heterotropous.
vv
HET-
heteroS)
remain
daughter chromosomes
united and form rings (biol.).
heteroxenous (het'erok'senus) a. [Gk.
Ocheteros, other
xenos, guest.]
curring on or infesting more than
one kind of host (biol.).
;
(biol.).
hexacanth
(hek'sakanth)
akantha, thorn.]
hex, six ;
six hooks
worms
appl.
a.
[Gk.
Having
embryos of flat-
(zool.).
hexactinal
hex, six
(hek'sak'tinal)
[Gk.
Pert, spicules
aktis, ray.]
[Gk. hex,
;
aktis, ray.]
spicule with
six equal and similar rays meeting
at right angles (zool.).
hexactinian (hek'saktm'Ian) a. [Gk.
hex, six ; aktis, ray.] With the tentacles or mesenteries in multiples
of six (zool.).
six
(hek'sasi'kllk)
kyklos, circle.]
a.
[Gk.
Having
six pistils
(bot.).
hexamerous (hgksam'erus)
a.
[Gk.
hexandrous (heksan'drus) a.
[Gk.
aner, man.]
hex, six
Having six
stamens (bot.).
;
hexapetaloid
[Gk. hex, six
like.]
a.
(hek'sapgt'aloid)
pe talon, petal eidos,
With a
six parts
petaloid perianth of
(bot.).
hexapetalous
a.
(hek'sapet'alus)
six ; petalon,
petal.]
six petals (bot.).
hexaphyllous (hgk'safil'us) a. [Gk.
hex, six ; phyllon, leaf.]
Having
six leaves (bot.).
[Gk.
hex,
Having
six
pous,
a.
animal
(zool.).
hexapterous (heksap'terus)
hex,
six
six
a.
pansions
[Gk.
Having
pteron, wing.]
wing-like processes
hexarch
hex,
[Gk.
Pert,
foot.]
or
ex-
(bot.).
(hek'sark) a.
beginning.]
Having six
radiating vascular strands ; appl.
roots (bot.).
arche,
hexasepalous
a.
(hek'sasep'alus)
sepal.]
six ;
sepalon,
six sepals (bot.).
hex,
[Gk.
Having
hexaspermous
a.
(hek'sasper'mus)
six ;
sperma,
six seeds (bot.).
hex,
[Gk.
seed.]
Having
hexastemonous (hek'sastem'onus)
a.
hex, six
stemon, stamen.]
Having six stamens (hot.).
[Gk.
hexaster
(heksas'te'r) n.
[Gk. hex,
six
A variety of the
aster, star.]
hexactine in which the rays branch
and produce star-shaped figures
(zool.).
n.
six
hexacyclic
hexapod (hek'sapod)
a.
hex,
HIT,-
132
hexastichous (heksas'tfkus)
six
hex,
the parts
stichos,
a.
[Gk.
Having
row.]
arranged
six
rows
n.
[Gk.
in
(bot.).
hexicology
Bionomics
hiatus
Any
(hek'sikol'ojl)
habit
hexis,
logos,
discourse.]
(biol.).
(hia'tus) n.
hibernaculum
n.
(hi bernak'ulum)
winter
resihibernaculum,
modified
winter
dence.] Specially
bud, found in certain fresh-water
Polyzoa (zool.).
hibernate (hi'bernat) v. [L. hibemus,
wintry.] To pass the winter in a
resting state (biol.).
hibernating glands, lymph glands
of richly vascularized fatty tissue
[L.
high
(hi) a.
[A.S. heh.~]
Having a
more complex and more highly
differentiated structure.
hiliferous (hllif'grus) a. [L. hilum,
trifle ; ferre, to carry.]
Having a
hilum
hilum
The
(bot.).
(hl'liim) n.
scar on
HIL-
human embryo
of
portion
the
the posterior
alimentary
tract
(anaf.).
hinge
(zool.).
hip-joint,
between
(anaf.).
hippocampal (hip'okam'pal)
a.
[Gk.
hippocampus (hip'okam'pus)
n.
[Gk.
hirsute
(heVsut) a.
[L. hirsutus,
Covered with hair-like
hairy.]
feathers, appl. birds ; having stiff,
hairy bristles (zool.}
having stiff,
;
hairy covering
n.
[L.
hirudo,
imaginal
n.
(his'tokgm'IstrT)
cheinos, juice.]
[Gk. histos, tissue
The chemistry of animal tissues
;
(biol.}.
hlstocyte
tissue
n.
(his'toslt)
[Gk. histos,
hollow.]
kytos,
tissue
cell as
cell (zool.}.
histogenesis
and
ment of
tissue
histogenic
pro-
develop-
(biol.).
a.
(hls'tqje'n'ik)
tissue
[Gk.
to
gigiiesthai,
Formation
duce.]
n.
(his'tojen'e'sis)
tissue
[Gk.
to produce.]
Tissue-producing ; appl.
the separate merismatic layers in
histos,
gignesthai,
histohaematin
(hot.}
(his'tohe'matin)
n.
histos, tissue
haima, blood.]
ne of the animal pigments with
gik.
a great affinity for oxygen, and
so supposed to be respiratory
;
(Phys.).
tissue
(histol'ojl)
n.
[Gk. histos,
discourse.]
logos,
The
to
lyein,
dissolve.]
The
dissolution
tissues
of organic
that process by
which
(biol.} ;
most of the pupal internal organs
dissolve
a
into
creamy fluid,
except certain cells round which
the new
imaginal tissues are
formed
histone
(zool.}.
n.
[Gk. histos,
An albuminose body derived from nucleo-histone (phys.}.
histophyly (histof'ili) n. [Gk. histos,
tissue
phyle, tribe.] The phylogenetic history of any group of
(his'ton)
tissue.]
cells (biol.}.
histotrophic
(hot.}.
(hiru'din)
substance obtained in
solution from the head of leeches
which renders drawn blood noncoagulable an anticoagulin (phys.).
a.
hispid (his'pid)
[L.
hispidus,
leech.]
histochemistry
histology
(zool.).
hirudin
histos,
(anaf.).
the
HIS
133
histos, tissue
(his'totrof'lk)
;
a.
[Gk.
trephein, to nourish.]
HOC.
hoch (hSk)
n.
holarctic (holark'tik)
[Gk. holos,
metatarsus (zool.}.
holcodont (hol'kodont) a. [Gk. holkos,
furrow odous, tooth.] Having the
teeth in a long continuous groove
;
(goal.}.
holobenthic (hol'obgn'thik)
.
whole
benthos,
a.
[Gk.
depths.]
eggs
(hol'oblas'tik)
a.
[Gk.
(hol'obrangk) n.
[Gk.
holos, wvhole
brangchia, gills.] A
which gill filaments are
borne on both sides (zool.}.
;
holochlamydate (hol'oklam'idat) a.
[Gk. holos, whole chlamys, cloak.]
Having no notch on the margin of
the mantle (zool.}.
;
holochroal (hol'okro'&l)
a.
[Gk. holos,
Having eyes
with globular or biconvex lenses
;
closely
chros, touch.]
the cornea
whole eye
is
after
meta,
phosis
(zool.}.
n.
holomorphosis
(hol'dmor'fdsis)
[Gk. holos, whole morphe, shape.]
Regeneration in which the entire
;
part
is
replaced
n.
[Gk.
kidney.]
hypothetical continuous excretory organ (anat.}.
holophytlc (hol'ofit'ik) a. [Gk. holos,
whole phyton, plant.] Obtaining
the whole of its food after the
manner of a plant (zool.}.
;
The
holoplanktonic
(hol'oplangkton'Tk)
plangktos,
[Gk. holos, whole
near
the
Living
wandering.].
surface throughout life (zool.}.
holoptic (holop'tik) a.
[Gk. holos,
whole
Having the
ops, eye.]
eyes of the two sides meeting in
a coadapted line of union (zool.}.
a.
holorhinal (hol'drl'nal)
a.
[Gk. holos,
rhis, nose.]
Having nares
with the posterior margin rounded,
not cleft (zool.}.
n.
holoschisis
(holos'kisis)
[Gk.
;
whole
holos,
schizein,
to
cut.]
a.
[Gk.
Amitosis (emb.}.
holosericeous (hol'oserish'us)
whole
L. serious, silken.]
Completely covered with silky
hair-like structures (bot.)
having
a silky lustre or sheen (zool.}.
a.
holostomatous (hordstom'atiis)
stoma, mouth.]
[Gk. holos, whole
With the margin of the aperture
holos,
entire
(zool.}.
(zool.}.
holonephros (hol'onef'ros)
whole
holos,
nephros,
whole
total (emb.}.
holobranch
whole
a.
holos,
HOM-
134
(zool.}.
holosystolic (hol'osis'tolik) a.
[Gk.
holos, whole
systole, contraction.]
Pert, the complete systole (phys.}.
egg (emb.}.
holognathous (hordgnath'us) a. [Gk.
Havholos, whole gnathos, jaw.]
ing the jaw in a single piece
holotrichous
(zoo!.).
holomastigote
(hSl'omas'tigot)
a.
[Gk. holos,
whole
a uniform covering of
holos,
(hol'dmeYabol'Ik)
a.
cilia
over
a.
[Gk. holos,
whole zoon, animal.] Obtaining
the whole of its food after the
manner of animals ingulfing pro;
teids (zool.}.
homacanth
(zoo/.).
holometabolic
(holot'rikus) a.
[Gk.
; thrix, hair.]
Having
homos,
(hSm'Sk&nth)
like
akantha,
;
a.
[Gk.
spine.]
IIOM-
symmetrical (zool.).
hoinaxon (hom'aksSn) a. [Gk. homos,
alike axon, axis.]
Built up around
equal axes (zoo/.).
;
homaxonlc, homaxon.
homeoklnesis
(hom'eokine'sis)
;
homoios,
telos,
homoios,
Pert, a
[Gk.
animal.]
of
fauna or
flora (biol.).
homoblastic (hom'oblas'tlk)
a.
[Gk.
ment
(emb.).
(tot.).
n.
(hom'odin'ami)
same ;
homos,
[Gk.
dynamis,
Metameric
power.]
homology
(biol.).
homoeosis (home'dsis)
[Gk. homoi-
n.
osis, likeness.]
(bot.).
homocarpous (hom'okar'pus)
a.
homocercal
a.
(horn'oseVkal)
[Gk.
Bear[Gk.
cercal type
(zool.).
homocerebrin
n.
(horn'oseYSbrin)
alike ; L. cerebrum,
identical
substance
[Gk. homos,
brain.]
homochlamydeous
alike
run.]
alike
and branches
homogamy
(hom'eozo'lk)
;
zoon,
same
region or a
with identical
a.
dromein, to
Having the genetic spiral
in direction in both stem
;
series
[Gk.
Evolu-
end.]
tion
hoineozoic
(homod'romus)
same
homos,
a.
n.
(ho'meot'gli)
same
[Gk.
The assumption by
one part of the likeness of another
part, as the modification of an
antenna into a foot, or of a petal
into a stamen metamorphy (biol.).
homogamous (homSg'amus) a. [Gk.
homos, same
gamos, marriage.]
(biol.).
homeotely
homodromous
homodynamy
n.
homoios, same
kinein, to
Mitosis with an equal
move.]
division of the chromatinic elements to the daughter nuclei
[Gk.
regions
HOM-
135
(tot.).
homochromous
(hom'dkro'mus) a.
[Gk, homos, alike chroma, colour.]
;
one-colour
capitular
(tot.).
(biol.).
homogangliate (hom'ogang'gllat)
same
homos,
a.
ganglion,
Having the ganglia of
knot.]
the nerve
symmetrically
loops
[Gk.
arranged
homogen
(zool.).
(hom'qjSn) n.
genos, race.]
[Gk. homos,
One of a
a
common
origin
group having
one of a series of identically
derived parts (zool.).
same
homogeneous
(homoje'ngus),
homo-
genous.
homogenesis
[Gk.
(hom'oje'n'e'sis) n.
homos, same genesis, birth.] The
in
which
like
of
type
reproduction
begets like (biol.).
homogenous (homoj'Snus) a.
[Gk.
homos, same genos, race.] More
or less alike owing to descent
from a common stock (biol.).
homogeny (homoj'Snl) n. [Gk. homos,
same genos, race.] Correspondence between parts due to common
descent
;
homogony
(biol.)^
n.
(homfig'onT)
[Gk.
homos, same
gonos, offspring.]
Condition of having one type of
flower with equally long stamens
;
meros,
a.
part.]
HOMthe
Algae distributed
the
fungoid
through
mycelium, in a lichen (hot.'].
Having
equally
homoiothermal (homoi'other'mal)
[Gk. homoios, like
Warm-blooded
a.
thermos, hot.]
(zool.).
(biol.).
similar
series of structures
structure and origin (biol.).
in
ancestry (biol.).
(hom'ofil'us) a.
[Gk.
homos, sa.me.;phyllon, leaf.] Bearall
leaves
which
are
of
one
ing
homophyllous
kind
(bot.).
homoplast (hom'oplast) n.
[Gk.
homos, same
plastos, moulded.]
An organ formed of similar
plastids
(bot.).
homomorphism (hom'bmor'fizm)
n.
hemimetabolism (zool.).
hoinomorphosis (hom'bmor'fbsis)
evolution
similar
along
lines
(biol.).
homoplasy,
homoplasty.
(zool.).
homosporous (homos'porus) a.
homos, same
sporos, seed.]
(biol.).
[Gk.
Pro-
homostyled (hom'bstlld) a.
homos, same stylos, pillar.]
uniform styles
(bot.).
[Gk.
With
n.
The
(bot.).
homothermous, homoiothermal.
homotropous (homot'ropus) a. [Gk.
homos, same
trepein, to turn.]
Erect having the micropyle and
;
homonculus (homon'kulus)
n.
[L.
little
The
homunculus,
man.]
small miniature of the human
foetus seen in the spermatozoon,
according to the Animalculists
(biol.).
homonomy
(homon'omi) n.
homos, same
nomos, law.]
;
[Gk.
The
homopetalous(hom'bpe't'alus) a. [Gk.
homos, same \petalon, petal.] Having all the petals alike (fot.).
homophyadic (hom'oflad'ik) a. [Gk.
homos, same phyas, shoot.] Producing only one kind of shoot
(bot\
;
common
moved
homophylic (hom'ofiTlk) a.
[Gk.
Rehomos, same phyle, race.]
sembling one another owing to a
HOO-
136
ends
chalaza at opposite
ovules (bot.).
homozygote (hom'ozl'got)
homos, same
zygein,
;
An organism
n.
to
appl.
[Gk.
yoke.]
in
(biol.).
homozygous (hom'ozl'gus)
homos, same
zygein,
;
Stable
a.
to
[Gk.
yoke.]
(biol.).
a
exudation
honey-dew,
sugary
found on the leaves of many plants
a
sweet
secretion
(bot.)
produced
by certain insects, e.g. Aphids
;
(zool.).
hooded
(hood'gd)
a.
[A.S.
hod.]
IIOR-
HYB-
137
a.
[Gk.
horizon, bounding.]
Growing in a
plane at right angles to the primary
axis (hot.}.
hormogonium
n.
(hor'mogo'nium)
[Gk. hortnos, chain goneia, genera
That
of
an
portion
algal
tion.]
filament between two heterocysts
which, breaking away, acts as a
;
[Gk.
honnao, to excite.] The secretions
of ductless glands which pass into
the blood - vessels by osmosis
(phys.}.
humus
hunger
The
husk
hyalogen
(hl'alqje'n) n.
glass
Any
of the
hyalomucoid (hl'alomu'koid)
hyalos,
Gk.
glass
humour
vitreous
moulded.]
horn
host (host)
n.
in which another
organism spends a part or the
whole of its existence, and derives
some of its nourishment therefrom
Any organism
The
[A.S. fas.]
external gelatinous-like covering
secreted by certain Tunicates(.sw>/.).
n.
humeral
(hu'me'ral) a.
[L. humerus,
Pert,
shoulder
shoulder.]
the
region (anat.} pert, or naming the
anterior basal angle of the wing of
an insect, one of the horny plates
on the plastron of a turtle (zool.}.
;
humerus
(hu'me'rus) n.
shoulder.]
arm
hyalos,
The bone
[L.
humerus,
of the upper
(anat., zool.}.
earth
humour
(hot.}.
(hu'mor) n.
[L. humor,
The fluid of the eye
moisture.]
fluid
or
(anat.} ; any
juice (phys.}.
[Gk.
;
in the
(phys.}.
(hl'aloplazm) n.
[Gk.
glass
plasma, something
;
(biol.}.
house (hows)
n.
mucus, mucus
of the non-
One
phosphorized gluco-proteids
hyaloplasm
fishes
L.
eidos, like.]
a tentacle in snails
an awn any pointed pro-
in
(zool.}
[Gk. hyalos,
to
produce.]
substances found in
gignesthai,
transparent wings
a.
[Gk.
Having
(zool.}.
hyalosome
glass
like
body
hybridism
[L.
hibrida,
cross-bred animal
Any
(biol.}.
(hl'bridizm) n.
[L. hibrida,
HYDhydathode
water
(hl'dathod) n.
An
odos, way.]
[Gk. hydor,
n.
(hl'datid)
hydrome
of the
stages
larval
tapeworms
(hldat'ff6rm)
hydatis, watery vesicle
a.
[Gk.
L.
forma,
hydatid
Resembling
shape.]
hydatigenous
hydrophilous (hldrof'ilus) a.
[Gk.
hydor, water
philein, to love.]
Pollinated through the agency of
water (dot.).
(hi'datlj'gnus) a.
hydrophyllium
hydor, water
of leaf-like
hydatids
hydranth
;
[Gk.
in
hydrophyte
water
hydroid colony
(hfdroflt) n.
(zool.).
in
Echinoderms
(zool.).
(hl'droklad'ia) n. plu.
;
klados, short.]
secondary
hydrocaulis
branches
of
(zool.).
[Gk. hydor,
aquatic
An
plant.
(hidrof'iton)
n.
[Gk.
hydor,
mouth
One
phyton, plant.]
hydrophyton
(zool.).
hydrocaulis (hi'drok61'is) n.
[Gk.
hydor, water kaulos, stalk.] The
vertical
of
the
branching
portion
coenosarc in a hydroid colony
hydrocladia
[Gk.
phyllon, leaf.]
(zool.).
(zool.).
zooid
(hl'drofil'ium) n.
;
bodies
transparent
arising above and partly covering
the sporosacs in a Siphonophore
The
hydor,
(hl'dromSg'a.thgrm)
water
mega,
[Gk. hydor,
A plant
great ; therme, heat.]
which must have both moisture
and heat to develop fully (dot.}.
n.
(zool.).
tive
[Gk.
hydatiform
water
n.
hydromegatherm
[Gk. hydatis,
watery vesicle.]
Any vesicle or
sac filled with a clear watery-like
and
fluid,
containing encysted
(zool.).
(hi'drom)
epidermal
hydatid
HYD-
138
(zool.).
hydropore (hl'dropor)
derms (zool.).
hydrocyst (hfdrosist)
n.
[Gk. hydor,
water ; kystis, bladder.]
dactylozooid (zool).
hydroecium (hldre'shium) n.
[Gk.
oikos, house.]
hydor, water
closed tube at the upper end of a
Siphonophore
an
infundibulum
(zool.).
hydroid
(hl'droid) n., a.
[Gk. hydor,
A
;
eidos,
resemblance.]
tracheid (tot.) pert, or similar to
the genus hydra ; the polyp form
of a Hydrozoan (zool.).
water
(phys.).
n.
[Gk. hydor,
water \poros, opening.] The opening into the right hydrocoel in the
rhiza, root.] The creeping
root-like portion of the coenosarc
water
of a hydroid colony
(zool.).
hydrostome
hydrotaxis (hi'drotak'sis) n.
[Gk.
hydor, water taxis, arrangement.]
;
The
response
of
certain
small
HYD-
hydrotheca (hl'drothe'ka)
[Gk.
The
theke, cup.]
hydor, water
cup-like structure into which the
;
many
hydrotropism (hldrot'ropTzm) n.
water
hydor,
to
trepein,
[Gk.
turn.]
n.
[Gk. hydor,
simple
hypothetical
(hl'droola)
water.]
polyp (zool.}.
hygrophilous (higrof'Ilus) a.
[Gk.
Inhygros, wet philein, to love.]
;
hygrophyte
hymen, skin
pherein, to carry.]
portion of the sporoof
a
fungus (bot.}.
phore
;
The hymen
hymenopterous
(hl'me'nop'tSrus)
(hl'grofit) n.
[Gk. hygros,
wet phyton, plant.] A plant which
lives and thrives under conditions
of plentiful moisture (bot.}.
;
hygroplasm (hl'groplazm)
n.
[Gk.
hygros, wet
plasma, something
moulded.] The more liquid part.
of protoplasm
stereoplasm.
cf.
;
appl.
(zool.}.
hyobranchial (hl'obrang'kfal)
T
brangchia, gills.]
and hyoid (zool.}.
;
a.
wing.]
pteron,
a.
[Gk.
Pert,
gills
hyoepiglottic (hfoepiglot'ik)
Hydrotaxis.
hydrula
HYP-
139
a.
[Gk.
upon
glotta,
tongue.]
Connecting the hyoid and the epiepi,
glottis (anat.}.
hyoglossal (h6glos'al)
hyoid (anat.}.
hyoid (hi'oid) a.
Pert,
shaped.]
a.
Pert,
glossa, tongue.]
T;
[Gk.
tongue and
the
ing
wood
appl.
insects
certain
itself
(zool.}.
hylophyte
wood
n.
(hl'loflt)
phyton,
[Gk.
plant.]
hyle,
plant
wood
temnein,
cutting
appl.
to
hyle,
Wood-
cut.]
insects
certain
(zool.}.
hymen
hymenial
skin.]
in fishes
(hlme'nlal) a.
[Gk. hymen,
Pert, hymenium (bot.}.
hymeniferous
(hi'm6nTf'6rus) a.
[Gk.
L. ferre, to carry.]
hymen, skin
Having a hymenium (bot.}.
;
hymenium
(hl'me'nium)
n.
[Gk.
hymenophore (hfmSnofor)
n.
[Gk.
n.,
(zool.}.
chin (anat.}.
hyoplastron (hfoplas'tron)
n.
F. plastron, breast-plate.]
[Gk.
The
The
T;
sternon,
breast.]
plastron (zool.}.
hyo-
[Gk. X ;
stylos, pillar.]
Having the jaw
articulated to the skull by the
agency of the hyomandibular or
hyostylic
(hfostil'ik)
a.
eidos, like.]
Pert.
HYPanother
HYP-
140
Allelo-
morphe, shape.]
ditions are
(biol.}.
(biol.}.
hypanthium (hipan'thmm)
n.
[Gk.
hypanthodium
n.
(hip'antho'dium)
anthodes, like
inflorescence with a
concave capitulum on the walls of
which the flowers are arranged
under
[Gk. hypo,
An
flowers.]
(bot.}.
hypantrum
n.
(hipan'trum)
[Gk.
A
antron, cave.]
hypo, under
notch on the vertebrae of certain
;
reptiles
with
articulation
for
the
hyposphene (pal.}.
hypapophysis (hip'apof'isis) n. [Gk.
hypo, under apo, upon phyein, to
A ventral process on a
grow.]
;
vertebra (anat.}.
hyparterial (hip'arte'rial) a.
[Gk.
L. arteria, channel.]
hypo, under
Situated below an artery
appl.
branch of the right bronchus
;
(anat.}.
hyperpnoea
n.
[Gk.
(hl'perpne'a)
hyper, above pnoe, breath.] Rapid
breathing due to an insufficient
supply of oxygen (phys.}.
;
hyper-sensitivity (hl'pgrsen'sitiv'itT) n.
L. sentire, to
[Gk. hyper, above
condition of being unduly
feel.]
sensitive to any drug (phys.}.
;
hypertely (hlper't&li)
above telos, end.]
n.
[Gk. hyper,
Any imitation
colour or pattern which has
overshot the mark (zool.}.
;
in
hypertonia (hi'pgrto'ma) n.
tonos, tone.]
hyper, above
postero-lateral
phyein, to grow.]
process of the dorsal side of a
vertebra (zool.}.
hyperchromasy
hypertrophy
hyper, above
An
(hlper'troff) n.
[Gk.
trophe, nourishment.]
excessive growth or develop-
ment
hypha
(biol.}.
(hi'fa) n.
[Gk. hyphe, web.]
The thread-like element of the
vegetative mycelium of a Fungus
(hl'perkro'masT) n.
;
chroma, colour.]
hyphasma
ma,
mycelium
woven.]
hypnocyst
sleep
superabundant supply
of chromatin to cytoplasm in a cell
(hlp'nosist) n.
kystis, bladder.]
simply rests
hyperchromatosis (hi'perkro'mato'sis)
n.
chroma,
[Gk. hyper, above
;
colour.]
[Gk. hy^per,
eidos, like.]
(hl'pfirkor'akoid)
above
korax,
a.
crow
Pert, or designating
bone at the base of a
the upper
pectoral fin in Fishes
hypermetamorphosis
mor'fosis) n.
meta, after ;
(zool.}.
hypnogenic
and
thoroughgoing
protracted
metamorphosis (zool.}.
hyperparasite (hl'perpar'aslt) n. [Gk.
(hip'nojen'ik)
sleep
genos,
a.
[Gk.
offspring.]
Sleep-producing
appl. influences
or localities which tend to produce
hypnosis (phys.}.
hypnospenn (hip'nosperm) n. [Gk.
;
hypnos,
(hl'perme't'a-
by
[Gk. hypnodia,
long
resting
certain larval
(zool.}.
hypnos,
(zool.}.
hypercoracoid
passed
period
organism
(zool.}.
(hlp'nodl) n.
The
sleepiness.]
forms
[Gk. hypnos,
A cyst in
contained
the
hypnody
(biol.}.
(bot.}.
which
relatively
(hifaz'ma) n.
thing
division
Ex-
(bot.}.
[Gk.
sleep
spernia,
seed.]
hypnospore (bot.}.
hypnosporangium(hip'n6sp6ran'jium)
n.
seed
sporos,
spor-
HYP.
hypnospore
under
//.
(hip'nospor)
[Gk.
hypnos, sleep
sporos, seed.]
resting spore ; a zygote that remains in a quiescent condition
during winter (dot.}.
hypocotyledonary(hl'p6k6t'ile'donari)
a.
[Gk. hypo, under ; kotyle, holBelow
the
low.]
cotyledons
(zool.).
(bot.).
hypocrateriform (hi'pokrater'iform) a.
[Gk. hypo, under krater, cup L.
(bot.).
a.
[Gk.
endodermal (biol.).
hypobranchial (hl'pobrang'kial) a.
[Gk. hypo, under brangchia, gills.]
Pert, the lower or fourth segment
;
(zool.}.
Having a gamo-
forma, shape.]
Pert.
blastos, bud.]
hypo, under
or derived from the inner layer
eiiios,
(zool.).
hypoblastic
germ
korax, crow
HYP-
141
hypodactylum
(hl'podak'tilum)
n.
(zool.).
hypodenna
(hi'podeYma)
tissue just
plants.
n.
[Gk.
hypo, under
hypodermal
(hl'poder'mal) a.
[Gk.
derma, skin.] Pert.
hypo, under
the
hypoderma or hypodermis
;
(biol.).
hypochilium (hl'pokil'ium)
[Gk.
The
cheilos,
hypo, under
lip.]
lower portion of the lip of an orchid
.
(bot.).
hypochondrium
(hl'pokon'drlum) ;/.
[Gk. hypo, under
chondros, cartilage.] A region below the epigastric
;
interclavicle.
hypodermalia
n.
(hl'poderma'lTa)
hypo, under ; derma, skin.]
Sponge spicules situated just below
the derma or skin (zool.).
[Gk.
hypodermic (hi'podeYmik)
a.
[Gk.
L. dennis, skin.]
hypo, under ;
Pert, the parts just under the skin
(zool.).
hypodermis
(hl'podgr'mis) n.
[Gk.
L. dermis, skin.] The
hypo, under
cellular layer lying beneath and
secreting the cuticle of the Annulata, Arthropoda, etc. ; the hypoblast (zool.)
hypodema (bot.).
;
(zool.).
(zool.).
hypodicrotic (rifpodikrot'ik)
hypo, under
di,
two
a.
[Gk.
krotein, to
abdomen
(anat.).
hypogastrium
(hi'pogas'trium)
abdomen
(anat.).
HYP-
(dot.).
hypogenesis (hfpojgn'gsis) n.
[Gk.
Dehypo, under genesis, origin.]
velopment without alternation of
;
generations occurring
hypogenous
a.
hyponome
(bzol.).
(hlpoj'e'nus)
[Gk.
Pal.).
hyponychium
(dot.).
hypogeous
(hi'poje'us) a.
[Gk. hypo,
under
ge, earth.]
Growing or
under
the
earth
(hot.,
maturing
;
zool.).
hypoglossal (hl'poglos'al) n.
hypo, under glossa, tongue.]
;
[Gk.
The
[Gk.
(hi'ponik'ium) n.
The
hypo, under
onyx, nail.]
the
on
which
layer of epidermis
;
hypophare
(anat.).
hypoglottis
n.
(hl'poglot'is)
[Gk.
(hi'pofar) n.
hypognathous
(hl'pogna'thus, hipog'-
nathus) a.
[Gk.
hypo, under ;
gnathos, jaw.]
Having the lower
jaw slightly longer than the upper
[Gk. hypo,
under
The
pherein, to bear.]
lower part of the sponge in which
there are no chambers cf. spongophare (zool.).
;
hypopharyngeal
(zool.).
(hi'pofarin'jeal, -far'-
under
a.
inje'al)
[Gk. hypo,
pharynx, pharynx.] Pert, or situated below or in the lower surface
of the pharynx (zool.).
(zool.).
hypogynium
(hi'pqjin'ium)
n.
[Gk.
hypogynous
a.
(hipqj'inus)
[Gk.
Inhypo, under
gyne, female.]
serted below the gynoecium, and
not
adherent
perigynous
cf.
;
(bot.).
hypo,
The
(bot.).
hypohyal
under
;
(hl'pohl'al)
n.
[Gk. hypo,
hyoeides, Y-shaped.]
The
ischion, hip.]
A small
ventral
cloacal wall
(zool.).
hypomere
n.
(hl'pomer)
[Gk. hypo,
The lower
meros, part.]
or lateral plate zone of the coelomic
pouches (emb.\
hypomeron (hlporn'e'ron) n.
[Gk.
The
hypo, under ; meros, part.]
lateral inflexed side of a coleopter-
under
HYP-
142
ous prothorax
(zool.).
hypophyllium
(hi'poffl'ium) n.
[Gk.
phyllon, leaf.]
hypo, under
scale-like leaf below a cladophyll
(bot.).
hypophysial (hl'pofiz'ial) a.
[Gk.
under
hypo,
physis,
growth.]
Pert, the hypophysis (anat.).
hypophysis (hlpof'isis) n. [Gk. hypo,
under physis, growth.] The pitu;
HYPThe
leaf,
in-
[Gk.
The
the
after-shaft
of
(zool.}.
[Gk. hypo,
The stem
a
feather
(zool.}.
skeleton
(zool.}.
trum (pal.}.
hypostereom (hl'posteYeom)
under stereos, solid.]
hypo,
.
base of the
hypothetical
little
finger (anat.}.
the ultimate
units,
parts of protoplasm
ultracellular units ranking between
the molecule and the cell
also
called variously, physiological units,
component
pangens,
gemmules,
biophores,
bioblasts, somacules, idiosomes, plasomes, micellae, plastidules, inotagmata, idioblasts, biogens, gemmae,
[Gk.
The
hypotrochanteric
(hl'potrok'anteVik)
[Gk. hypo, under ; trochanter,
Beneath the trochanter
runner.]
a.
(zool.}.
hypostoma
(hi'posto'ma)
hypo, under
n.
sfoma, mouth.]
[Gk.
The
of a Hydrozoan (zool.}.
hypostomatous (hfpostom'atus) a.
stoma, mouth.]
[Gk. hypo, under
Having the mouth placed on the
;
(zool.}.
hypothallus (hl'pothal'us) n.
[Gk.
under
thallus, flattened
hypo,
The
marginal hyphal outplate.]
growth a membranous case bearing sporangia (bot.}.
;
hypothecium
.
(hlpop'tllum) n.
hypo, under ptilon, down.]
after-shaft (zool.}.
hypoptilum
of
HYP-
143
(hl'pothe'sTum, -shlum)
;
theke, cup.]
(anat.}.
hypotympanic
(hr'potlm'panik)
a.
L. tympanum,
[Gk. hypo, under
drum.] Situated below the tymthe
panum pert,
quadrate (anat.}.
;
nitrogenous substance
found in muscle tissue and in some
seeds (phys.}.
crystalline
pinnule
(zool.}.
hypselodont (hlp'selodont)
odous, tooth.]
hypsi, high
;
a.
[Gk.
Hypso-
dont.
hypsodont
a.
(hlp'sodont)
[Gk.
hypsos, height ; odous, tooth.] Pert.
or designating teeth with high
crowns and short roots (zool.}.
HYS-
144
haemal
hysterogenic
[Gk.
(his'terojen'ik) a.
later ; genos, birth.]
Of
hysteros,
later development or
growth
ILIL.
personal
musculus,
muscle.]
Appl. contraction of a
idios,
muscle
degenerated
artificially
stimulated (phys.).
idioplasm
n.
(id'ioplazm)
idios, distinct
plasma,
[Gk.
something
(zool.}.
trophoplasm
(cyt.).
icliosome (id'iosom) n.
[Gk. idios,
distinct
An idiosoma, body.]
blast or biophore.
See hypothetical units.
;
I
(ik'thnk) a.
[Gk. ichthys,
Pert, or characteristic of
Fishes (zool.).
ichthyoid (ik'thioid) a., ichthyic.
ichthy elite (ik'thidllt) n. [Gk. ichthys,
ichthyic
fish.]
fish
lithos, stone.]
fossil fish or
n.
[Gk.
discourse.]
ichthyopterygia
[Gk.
plu.
wing or
(ik'thiopterij'ia)
fish ; pteryx,
ichthys,
Paired
fin.]
fins
fish
chromomere
idant
idiothermous (id'iother'mus)
Warm
personal
-
(cyt.).
(1'dant) n.
A unit
(cyt.).
idiochromosome (id'iokro'mosom)
n,
blooded
a.
[Gk.
thermos,
hot.]
homoiothermal
(zool.).
idiozome
n.
(id'ib'zom)
[Gk. idios,
(zool.).
icosandrous (I'kosan'drus) a.
[Gk.
Having
eikosi, twenty aner, man.]
twenty or more stamens (pot.).
a.
idios,
distinct
fishes.
(id'iothal'amus)
thalamos,
personal ;
in
Lichens
receptacle.]
Appl.
which various parts are differently
coloured from the thallus (bot.).
[Gk.
idios,
ichthyology
ichthys,
idiothalamous
(cyt.).
idorgan
n.
[Gk. idios,
organon, instrument.] A
(idor'gan)
distinct
and caecum
fossae,
appl.
folds,
etc. (anat.).
ileocolic
groin
(il'eokol'fk)
a.
[L.
ileum,
Pert, ileum
kolon, the gut.]
;
appl. artery, lymph
and colon
ileum
(il'eum) n.
The lower
[L. ileum,
part
testine (anat.).
groin.]
a.
[L.
ilia,
iliococcygeal
cuckoo.]
appl. a
iliocostal
flanks ;
(iliokok'sije'al,
eal) a.
Pert, ilium
muscle
-koksij'-
Gk. kokkyx,
and coccyx
(anat.).
(Tl'fokos'tal)
a.
costa,
In region of
rib.]
[L.
ilia,
and
ilia
ribs
a.
[L. ilia,
Pert, the
appl. a ligament
femur, thigh.]
and femur
(Tl'iohl'pogas'trik)
gaster,
ilioinguinal
and
abdomen
ilium
Pert,
belly.]
a.
a.
(il'ibin'gwlnal)
[L.
the
iliopectineal (Tl'fope'ktin'eal) a.
[L.
ilia, flanks
pecten, crest.] Appl.
an eminence marking the point of
union of ilium and pubis (anaf.).
;
iliotibial
a.
(il'iotib'ial)
[L.
ilia,
Appl. a tract
or band of muscle at the lower end
flanks
tibia, pipe.]
(anaf.).
n.
ilium,
[L.
flank.]
imaginal
image.]
a.
(imaj'inal)
Pert,
an
imago,
[L.
imago
appl.
from
(zool.).
imago
(Ima'go) n.
[L. imago, image.]
last or adult stage in insect
the
;
metamorphosis
perfect insect
The
(zool}.
imbricate (im'brikat)
tile.]
a.
[L. imbricare,
each other
like house-tiles
appl.
bud-
imitative
(im'itativ) a.
[L. imitari,
to imitate.] Appl. form, structure,
for
assumed
habit, colouring, etc.,
protection (zool}.
immaculate
(fmak'ulat)
a.
[L.
in,
(Tm'unlz,
imu'nlz)
To
free.]
v.
[L.
render invul-
to
toxin,
usually by
injecting the toxin in small quantities at short intervals, without the
of
severe
symptoms
(Phys.}.
immunity
(imu'nTt!) n.
immunis,
[L.
An organism's
resistance, natural or acquired, to
the onset of pathological conditions
from infection, natural or artificial,
by any of the micro-organisms
from duty.]
free
(phys}.
digits
equally pinnate
pinnate with an
odd terminal leaflet (hot}.
imperfect metamorphosis, see in;
complete.
imperforate (ImpeVforat) a. [L. in,
not per, through foratus, bored.]
;
;
;
ilium (Ilium)
to
nerable
appearance
(anaf.).
iliohypogastric
ilia,
immunise
immunis,
(anaf.).
iliofemoral (Tl'iofgm'oral)
flanks
ilium
INA-
145
ILI-
cavities (zool}.
import (im'port) n.
bring
in.]
ingestion
in
[L. importare, to
n.
[L.
Transimpraegnare, to fertilize.]
ference of spermatozoa from male
to
body
of female.
temporal (anaf.).
inantherate (Inan'thgrat) a.
[L. in,
not Gk. antheros, flowery.] With;
segmented (biol}.
inaxon (inak'son) n.
[Gk.
is,
fibre
INB-
from
it
(phys.).
incaliculate (Tnkalik'ulat) a.
[L. in,
not ; caliculus, small flower-cup.]
Wanting a calicle (zoo!.).
incasement theory, see preformation theory.
incised (TnsTzd') a. [L. incisus, cut
into.]
(biol.}.
incisive
(insl'zlv)
into.]
included (inklood'e'd)
a.
[L. includere,
to shut in.]
(zoo/.).
a.
[L.
Not
incongruens, not suiting.]
suitable or fitting ; appl. surface of
which
do
not
fit
joints
properly
(anat.}.
currere, to run.]
Leading into ;
ectoderm - lined canals of
appl.
curvus,
Of a
bend.]
structure,
incurvation
(m'kiirva'shun) n.
[L.
The
curvare, to bend.]
on
itself
of
a
strucback
doubling
ture or organ, as of a spirochaete
about to divide (zoo!.).
in,
in
indeciduate (Tn'desid'uat)
not
down
de,
Non-caducous
a.
cadere,
[L. in,
to fall.]
(bot.}.
incoordination (in'koor'dina'shun) n.
cum, together ordo,
[L. in, not
Want of coordination
order.]
irregularity of movement due to
;
loss of
incongruent (Tnkong'grooent)
muscle control
incrassate (mkras'at)
sare, to thicken.]
a.
(phys.}.
[L. incras-
Thickened.
incubation (in'kuba'shun)
n.
[L. in-
The hatching
of
incubous (in'kubus)
to lie on.].
(bot.\
a.
[L. incubare,
Appl. leaves so arranged
incudate
IND-
146
(mg'kudat)
a.
[L.
incus,
indeterminate inflorescence,
growth of a floral axis by indefinite
branching because unlimited by
development of a terminal bud
(bof.).
INDindex finger,
case,
(indu'zium) n.
[L. induere,
to put on.] An insect larva case
an
of
(zool.) ;
outgrowth
plant epi-
(In'dlrgkt) a.
[L. in, not ;
Not by a
directus, straightened.]
brum,
(anat.).
(biol.).
individual (in'divid'ual) a.
not
dividuus, divisible.]
[L.
induviae
in,
Pert, a
or unit, as indi-
single example
vidual variations of colour (biol.)
n. a person or zooid of distinctive
function of a hydrozoan colony
;
(zool.).
individualism (m'divTd'ualizm)
in,
biosis
indusium
indirect
bryogeny
(zool.)
indigenous
appl.
larvae
insect
not
INF-
147
the forefinger or digit
'
n.
[L.
in
induced movement,
movement
dic-
(biol.).
inerm
tated
inductive
indumentum
(In'dumen'tum) n.
[L.
(zool.).
respectively (hot.}.
indusial (indu'zlal) a.
[L. induere, to
Having an enveloping
Mollusca
appl.
(zool.}.
(ine"rm') a.
arma,
without means
arms.] Unarmed
of defence and offence (biol.).
inermous (ineYmus)
inerm.
;
.,
inferior (mfe'rlor) a.
[L. inferior,
lower.] Appl. the lower placed of
the axis ;
the
farther
down
two,
growing or arising below another
organ
(bot.).
inferoanterior (tn'fgroante'rior)
a. [L.
inferus, beneath; anterior, anterior.]
Below and in front (biol.).
inferolateral
inferus,
(In'fe'rolat'e'ral)
beneath
Below and
at or
a.
latus,
[L.
side.]
(zool.).
inferomedian (in'fe"r6me'dlan)
a.
[L.
INFinferus,
beneath
medius, middle.]
tended
(bot.).
a.
[L. inflectere,
to bend in.]
Curved or abruptly
bent inwards or towards the axis
(biol.).
begin to blossom.]
flowering or putting forth blossoms
the method in which flowers are
florescere, to
arranged on an axis
(dot.}.
a.
(in'fraaksil'ari)
below
axilla,
Branching off below the
infra,
[L.
armpit.]
axil (bot.).
below
Gk. brangchia,
Below the gills appl. part
of the pallial chamber (zool.).
[L.
infra,
gills.]
infracentral
(in'frasen'tral)
below
infra,
a.
[L.
centre.]
centrum,
(zool.).
n.
below
(anat.).
inflected (inflek'ted)
infraaxillary
Below
eidos, like.]
glenoid
fossa appl. a tuberosity (anat.).
infrahyoid (m'frahl'oid) a. [L. infra,
Gk. hyoeides, Y-shaped.]
below
Beneath the hyoid appl. muscles
the
(m'feroposte'rior) a.
beneath ; posterior,
inferoposterior
[L.
INF-
148
(m'fraklav'ikl)
[L.
;
clavicula, little key.]
bone occurring in the
A membrane
inframaxillary (in'framaksirarl) a.
maxilla, jaw.]
[L. infra, below
Situated beneath the maxilla; appl.
nerves (zool.).
;
infraorbital
(m'fraor'bital)
a.
[L.
Bebelow
orbis, circle.]
neath the orbit appl. artery, canal,
foramen, groove, nerve, etc. (anat.).
infra,
infrapatellar (in'frapatel'ar) a.
[L.
infra, below ; patella, knee-cap.]
Appl. a pad of fat beneath the
patella (anat.).
infrascapular (in'fraskap'ular)
a.
[L.
below
scapula, shoulderblade.] Beneath the scapula appl.
infra,
artery (anat.).
infraspinatous (m'fraspl'natus)
infra,
below
neath
the
a.
sptna, spine.]
[L.
Be-
beneath
the
spine
scapular spine ; appl. muscle, fossa
;
(anat.).
infraspinous, infraspinatous.
a.
infrastapedial
(in'frastape'dial)
stapes, a stirrup.]
[L. infra, below
the
of
the
Beneath
ear
stapes
appl. a part of the columella
Be-
Beneath
below
cortex, bark.]
neath the cortex (anat.).
infra,
infracostal (in'frakos'tal) a.
below
ribs
costa,
appl.
infradentary
infra,
below
rib.]
muscles
[L. infra,
Beneath the
dens, tooth.]
a.
(anat.).
infrasternal
infra,
(tn'fraster'nal)
a.
[L.
(anat.).
(in'fraden'tari)
;
[L.
INF-
149
appl. a nerve
(anat.\
infructescence
///,
into
(in'friiktSs'gns) n.
frtictus,
[L.
An
fruit.]
florescence matured
into
in-
fruit
(fat.).
infundibular
shaped
(anaf.)
corolla
a.
(in'fiindlb'ular)
[L.
infundibttlum,
funnel.]
Infundibular.
infundibulum (In'fundlb'ulum)
n.
[L.
(zool.).
infuscate (Infus'kat)
a.
fuscus, dark.]
dark, as insect wings
(zool.).
infusoriform (in'fuzo'riform) a.
[L.
infusus, poured into forma, shape.]
;
Resembling an Infusorian
appl.
embryonic forms of some Coelenter;
ates
(zool.).
commenced
(phys.).
innate
(In'nat) a.
born.]
when
(inject') v.
To convey
n.
in,
[L.
Nervenerve
(anaf.).
innominate bone,
(zool.).
infusorigen (m'fuzo'rijSn)
ingest
(Phys.).
(bot.).
infundibuliform (m'fundib'uliform) a.
Jorma,
[L. infiindibuluin, funnel
shape.]
INS-
lateral
of
half
the hip-bone or
the pelvic girdle
(anat.).
halare,
to
breathe.]
Adapted
for
INSinsectivorous (in'sekttv'orus)
insectus, cut off
a.
[L.
-vorare, to devour.]
growth.
insertion (insSr'shun) n. [L. insertus,
Point of attachment of
joined.]
organs, muscles ; the point on
which the force of a muscle is
applied (anat.}.
insessorial (m'sgso'rial)
sedere, to
a.
Adapted
sit.]
ing (zool.}.
insistent (insis'tgnt)
[L. in, in ;
for perch-
[L. insistere,
Appl. hind toe of
persist.]
certain birds whose tip only reaches
the ground (sool.}.
[L. in-
inspiration (inspira'shun) n.
spirare,
to
inhale.]
into
air
drawing
The
of
act
the
lungs
(Phys.\
instaininate (mstaminat) a. [L. tn,
not stamen, something standing.]
;
(hot.).
temporal
lobe (anat.}.
integrifolious (intgg'rifo'lms) a. [L.
integer, whole folium, leaf.] With
entire leaves (bot.}.
integripallial (mtgg'ripal'ial) a. See
;
integripalliate.
integripalliate (integ'ripa.riat) a. [L.
integer, whole ; pallium, mantle.]
[L.
Among
gland
a.
[L.
acinus, a grape.]
the alveoli of a racemose
(in'tgras'fnus)
between
(anat.}.
a.
[L.
small
alveolus,
alveoli ; appl. cell
interalveolar (in'tgralve'olar)
inter,
cavity.]
among
Among
between
ambulare, to
Appl. area of echinoderm
between two ambulacral areas
inter,
walk.]
test
interarticular (m'terartik'ular)
a.
[L.
cartilages (anat.}.
interatrial (in'tgra'trial)
a.
[L. inter,
a.
[L.
inter,
(anat.}.
interaxillary
(in'tgraksil'ari)
a.
[L.
inter,
interbrachial (in'tgrbra'kial) a.
[L.
inter, between ;
brachium, arm.]
Between arms, rays, or brachial
plates
(zool.}.
interbranchial
(in'tgrbrang'klal)
a.
[L. inter,
gills.]
cessive gill
slits (zool.}.
interbreed (in'tgrbred')
between
A.S.
v.
[L. inter,
To
brod, brood.]
varieties of plants
cross different
or animals experimentally.
intercalare (in'tgrkala're, -kalara)
In many
[L. intercalaris, inserted.]
Fishes and fossil Amphibia, an
additional element in the neural
arch (zool.}.
intercalary (m'tgrkal'ari, intgr'kalari)
.
a.
n.
coverintegumentum, covering.]
ing, investing, or coating structure
or layer an investing layer of an
ovule (hot., zool.}.
Interacinous
[L.
a.
to
inter,
INT-
150
masses of permanent
growth elsewhere than at
the growing point (bot.}.
tissue
arteries (anat.}.
intercarpal (m'tgrkar'pal) a.
islets (anat.}.
interamtoulacral (in'tgrambula'kral)
between
a.
between
carpus,
wrist.]
[L. inter,
Among
INT;
appl.
(tn'tgrkarpgl'arl)
between
infer,
intercostal (In'tgrkos'tal)
a.
[L. inter,
between
joints (anat.}.
intercarpellary
[L.
INT-
151
Gk.
a.
karpos,
Between the
; costa, rib.]
as arteries, glands, membranes,
nerves, veins, muscles (anat.}.
intercostobrachial
(m'tgrkSs'tobra'ribs,
kial) a.
[L. inter, between ; costa,
rib ;
brachium, arm.]
Appl. a
lateral branch of the second inter-
intercavernous (in'tgrkaVgrnus) a.
cavus, hollow.]
[L. inter, between
Appl. sinuses connecting the cavernous sinuses, part of the ophthal-
a.
between
Within the
inter,
[L.
gristle.]
cartilago,
cartilage
costal
mic veins
intercellular
(in'tgrsgl'ular)
a.
[L.
between
centrum, centre.]
Uniting two centra ; between two
inter,
costobrachial.
(anat.}.
Arthropods
(zool.}.
intercrescence (In'tgrkrgs'gns)
intercrural
intercuneiform
lages (anat.}.
interclavicle (m'tgrklav'ikl)
between
inter,
key.]
ventral
n.
[L.
Gk.
a.
kline,
[L.
bed
fibrous process
joining the anterior and posterior
clinoid processes (anat.}.
eidos,
like.]
(in'tgrkon'dlloid)
between
a.
Gk. kondylos,
Beeidos, resemblance.]
an
the condyles
appl.
inter,
knob
(anat.}.
tween
eminence of the tibia, and fossae
of the femur (anat.}.
;
(in'tgrkune'iform)
a.
interdeferential
(In'tgrdgfgr'gn'shal)
a.
bundle.]
Situated
between
the
(anat.}.
intercondyloid
[L.
Appl.
across the external oblique muscles
deferentia (zool.}.
interfascicular(in'tgrfasTk'ular) a. [L.
inter, between ; fasciculus, small
a.
(m'tgrklavlk'ular)
[L. inter, between ; clavicula, small
Between the clavicles ; appl.
key.]
between
tendinous
clavicles
interclavicular
inter,
a.
[L.
the leg.]
crus,
fibres
arching
(in'tgrkroo'rSl)
between
(zool.}.
a ligament (anat.}.
interclinoid (m'tgrkll'noid)
inter,
small
a median
clavicula,
The episternum
[L.
tissues.
centra (anat.}.
inter-centrum (In'tgrsgn'trum) n. [L.
inter, between ; centrum, centre.]
A second central ring in an embolomerous vertebra (zool.}.
;
n.
inter,
filaments
(zool.}.
interfllar (Tn'tgrfflar) a.
[L. inter,
between ; filum, thread.]
Appl.
the ground substance of protoas
to
the
reticular
plasm,
opposed
(cyt.\
interfoliaceous
(m'tgrfolla'shus)
a.
INT-
INT-
152
&
Inter-
maxilla, jaw.]
inter, between
tween the maxillae
pert, the
appl. a gland in the
premaxillae
nasal septum of certain Amphibians
interganglionic (in'te"rganggli6n'ik) a.
Gk. gangglion,
[L. inter, between
a little tumour.] Connecting two
ganglia, as nerve cords or strands
inter, between
folium, leaf.]
Situated or arising .between two
opposite leaves (hot.).
[L.
interfoliar (In'terfo'liar)
foliaceous.
a.
(anat.).
a.
(Tn'terjen'ital)
[L.
interglobular (m'terglob'ular)
a.
[L.
between
;
globulus, small
globe.] Appl. a series of spaces
towards the outer surface of den-
inter,
due to imperfect
calcification
(anat.).
intergular (m'tergu'lar)
n.
[L. inter,
between
interhyal
between
n.
(in'tgrhl'al)
inter,
[L.
(anat.).
a.
(in'tgrlob'ular)
between; lobus,
ring between lobes
inter,
lobe.]
appl.
[L.
Occurkidney
interloculus
ment.]
(in'tgrlSk'ulus)
;
loculus,
between
n.
[L.
compart-
efferent cells
(phys.)._
intermediate (in'terme'diat) a.
[L.
medius, middle.]
inter, between
two
between
points or
Occurring
appl. a nerve-mass (emb.)
parts
;
muscle (anat.).
intermediate host, the host
vening between two others
life-history
interin the
certain
of
parasites,
in the life-history of
as Limnaeus
Distomum (zool.).
intermedium (in'terme'dlum) n. [L.
inter, between
medius, middle.]
A small bone of carpus and tarsus
;
(anat.).
intermesenteric (In't6rmgs'6nt6r'lk) a.
Gk. mesos,
[L. inter, between
middle
enteron, gut.]
Occurring
between the mesenteries
appl.
spaces between the mesenteries in
;
sea-anemones (zool.).
intermuscular (m'terinus'kular) a.
between
inter,
musculus,
[L.
muscle.] Between or among muscle
;
(m'tgrmandib'ular)
between
mandibuBetween mandibles or
[L. inter,
lum, jaw.]
internal (inteVnal)
a.
[L. internus,
Between
nasus, nose.]
;
the nostrils ; appl. septum, gland
between
(zool.).
intermandibular
a.
fibres (anat.).
interlobular
loculi
(zool.).
intergenital
inter,
and Reptiles
tine
rami (anat.).
Intermaxllla (m'tgrmaksll'a) n. [L.
between
maxilla,
inter,
jaw.]
Bone between the maxillae the
;
premaxilla (anat.).
Intermaxillary
(in'termaksll'ari)
internode (in'ternod')
n.
inter,
[L.
a.
INT.
a stem
of
(bot.),
nerve
fibre
mandible
(zool.).
interopercular bone,
culum.
the interoper-
interoperculum(in'tgropgr'kulum).
Interopercle.
interoptic (Tn'tgrop'tik)
a.
[L. inter,
interorbital
a.
(in'tgror'bital)
[L.
inter,
skull
trophibasic
sinus
appl.
(zool.}.
Jnterosculant (Tn'teros'kulant)
inter,
between
a.
[L.
osculari, to kiss.]
common to
Possessing characters
Iwo or more groups
or
species
(tool.).
interosseous
(Tn'teros'eiis) a.
[L. inter,
between
os,
bone.]
Occurring
between bones
appl. arteries,
nerves
membranes, muscles,
(anat.).
;
interparietal (in'tgrparfe'tal)
between
a.
[L.
In
paries, wall.]
many vertebrates a bone arising
between the parietals and supra-
inter,
occipital (anat.).
;
Interpetaloid (in'terpeYaloid)
between
a.
[L.
Gk. petalon, petal ;
Between the
resemblance.]
petaloid areas of an echinoderm
eidos,
test (zool.}.
interpetiolar
inter,
(m't6rp6t'idlar) a.
between
[L.
petiolus, little foot.]
interphalangeal
a.
(in'tgrfalan'jeal)
inter, between ; Gk. phalanx:,
fL.
ine of battle.] Appl. articulations
between
(anat.).
between placenta,
Between placentae (dot.}.
;
a.
[L.
flat plate.]
interpleural (m'te'rploo'ral) a.
[L.
Gk. pleuron, side.]
inter, between
Between pleurae (anat.}.
interpubic (Tn'tgrpu'bik) a. [L. inter,
between piibis^ mature.] Appl. the
;
fibrocartilaginous
lamina between
[L. inter,
n.
[L. inter,
between
The
;
radius, radius.]
radius of a radiate animal halfway
between two perradii (zool.}.
interrupted (in'tgrrup'ted) a.
[L.
inter, between
rumpere, to break.]
;
with continuity
Unsymmetrical
broken
irregular (hot.}.
interruptedly pinnate, pinnate with
;
interpeduncular (In'tSrpSdung'kular)
a.
[L. inter, between pedunctilus,
little foot.]
Appl. a fossa between
and also
the cerebral peduncles
a ganglion (anat.).
inter,
interplacental (Tn'tgrplasgn'tal)
inter,
(Phys.).
INT-
153
successive
phalanges
pairs
of small
leaflets
occurring
(dot.).
interscapular (Tn'tgrskap'ular)
inter,
a.
[L.
blade.]
point.]
Occurring
ules (zool.).
between
interspinal (in'tgrsprnal)
a.
spic-
[L. inter,
(anat.).
INTinterspinous (in'tgrspl'nus)
a.
between
stapes,
a.
[L.
stirrup.]
intersterility
between
inter,
spinal.
interstapedial (in'tgrstape'dial)
inter,
INT-
154
Inter-
inter,
(zool.).
(zool.);
intestinal
connecting the
manubrium and body of sternum
testinus,
plate.]
ligaments
appl.
(m'tgrstish'al)
a.
[L.
intertidal
between
(in'tferti'dal)
;
A.S.
tid,
shore animals
between
high-
a,
[L. inter,
time.]
plants
and
and
Appl.
living
low-water
(biol.).
(m'tgrtrokanteVik)
a.
(anat.).
intertrochlear (in'tertrok'lear)
between
a.
[L.
(phys., biol.).
intertrochanteric
inter,
a.
in(intgs'tinal)
[L.
Pert, the ininternal.]
testines; appl.< arteries, glands, villi,
etc. (anat.).
(anat.).
interstitial
marks
house.]
(in'tervgr'tgbral)
a.
between ;
vertebra,
inter,
[L.
vertebra.] Occurring between the
vertebrae ;
fibrocartilages,
appl.
foramina, veins, discs (anat.).
intervillous (in'tgrvil'us) a. [L. inter,
between ; villi, hairs.] Appl. the
spaces in the trophoblastic network
inus) a.
gristle.]
cartilage,
ossification (emb.).
it
(anat.).
intrafascicular (in'trafasTk'ular) a.
[L. intra, within fasciculus, little
bundle.] Within a vascular bundle
;
(bot.).
intrafoliaceous
(m'trafolia'shus)
a.
INT-
intra, within
folium, leaf.]
Appl. stipules encircling the stem
and forming a sheath cf, ochrea
[L.
(bot.}.
and
fasciculi
connected
fibres
re-
intrajugular
infra,
(in'trajoog'ular) a.
within
jugulum,
[L.
throat.]
intralamellar (Tn'tralamel'ar)
intra, within
a.
[L.
lamella, thin plate.]
(anat.}.
intramembranous(in'trame'rn'branus)
a.
[L.
film.]
INT-
155
within
membrana,
Appl. bone developed in
intra,
membrane
a.
F. molecule, small
(zool.}.
intrathyroid (In'trathl'roid) a.
[L.
intra, within ; Gk. thyreos, shield
eidos, like.]
Appl. a cartilage joining the laminae of the thyroid
cartilage during infancy (anat.}.
intrauterine (In'trau't6rin) a.
[L.
;
intra, within
uterus,
womb.]
a.
intrapleural (in'traploo'ral)
[L.
Gk. pleuron, side.]
intra, within
Within the thoracic cavity.
intraselection
(In'traseWshun) n.
De-
(anat.}.
(m'travgntrik'ular)
ventriculus,
[L. intra, within
small cavity.] Appl. the caudate
nucleus of the corpus striatum,
seen within the ventricle of the
brain ; within a ventricle (anat.}.
intravesical (m'traves'ikal) a.
[L.
within ; vesica,
intra,
bladder.]
Within the bladder (anat.}.
intravitelline (in'travitglfn) a. [L.
intra, within ; vitellus, egg-yolk.]
Within the yolk of an egg (emb.}.
a.
intraxylary
intra,
(in'trazl'lari)
within
a.
[L.
or orifice (anat.}.
intromittent (In'tromit'fint)
intro,
(bot.}.
Echinoderms
selectus, chosen.]
Selection within an organ of cells
fittest to survive.
intraventricular
(anat.}.
intramolecular (m'tramolgk'ular)
[L. intra, within
a.
[L.
;
mittere, to send.]
for inserting ; appl. male
within
Adapted
INT-
Introvert (m'trovert) n.
[L. intro,
within ; vertere, to turn.]
That
which is capable of involution, as
the anterior region of the body of
certain zooids, of certain Annulates,
the mouth extremity of certain
Molluscs (zool.} v. to turn, bend,
or draw inwards (biol.).
Intussusception (m'tussusgp'shun) n.
within ; suscipere, to
intus,
[L.
;
receive.]
Growth
in surface-extent
(in'ulas) n.
[L. inula, the
ferment of
plant elecampane.]
plants which acts on inulin (bat.).
inulin (m'ulin) n. [L. inula, the plant
form of starch
elecampane.]
inulase
draw
exterior
{zool., bot.).
umbels (bot.).
involucrum (in'volu'krum)
n.
[L.
involucrum, covering.]
retracted
the metanotum of Orthoptera (zool.) an involucre (hot.).
involuntary (invol'untarl) a. [L. in,
not voluntas, a wish.] Not under
;
will
appl. certain
plain unstriped muscles, as of the
alimentary canal, and to their
control of the
movements
(phys.).
involute
(in'volut) a.
[L. involutus,
rolled up.]
Of leaves, having the
inwards
at each side
edges rolled
of shells, closely coiled
(bot.)
;
(zool.).
in,
or
IRI-
156
in
The outer
vestire, to clothe.]
covering of a part, organ, animal,
or plant.
involucel (invol'use'l) n. [Dim. of L.
involucrum, covering.] The small
bracts at the base of a secondary
umbel a partial involucre (hot.}.
involucellate (Invol'usSl'at) a. [Dim.
of L. involucrum, covering.] Bear;
involution (in'volu'shun)
volvere, to roll up.]
that have become
structure owing to
n.
[L. in-
Appl. forms
deformed
in
unfavourable
to such an
conditions,
extent as to be incapable of recovery if the conditions improve
as the so-called "latent bodies" in
the Haemoflagellate life - history
but
not
(zool.).
iodothyrin (lo'dothl'nn)
violet
n.
[Gk. iodes,
An iodine
thyreos, shield.]
in the colloid material
compound
the eye
anterior
(zool.).
iris (phys.).
iris
(I'ris) n.
[L. iris, rainbow.]
thin, circular, contractile disc susin the aqueous humour of
pended
IRR-
157
matter
(phys.).
(phys.).
isobilateral symmetry,
the quality
of leaves whose upper and lower
surfaces are similar (dot.).
irritant (Ir'itant) n.
[L. irritare, to
An external stimulus
provoke.]
in
a.
ischiocapsular
(Ts'kTokap'sular)
L. capsula, little
[Gk. ischion, hip
a
chest.]
ligament joining
Appl.
the capsular ligament and the hip
;
(anat.).
a.
(Ts'kTokav'ernus)
L. cavus, hollow.]
;
ischiorectal
a.
(Is'kTorgk'tal)
hip
L.
rectus,
ischium
(Ts'kTum)
n.
[Gk.
straight.]
Pert,
fossa
appl.
[Gk. ischion,
(zool.).
isidia (bot.).
isidioid (IsTd'Toid) a.
cidos, like.]
[Gk.
soredia on
plu.
[Gk.
isis,
the
.,
plant
(bot.).
isidia (Isid'ia)
Coral-like
plant.]
surface
Lichens (bot.).
isidophorous (I'sTdof'oriis)
plant
isis,
Like an isidium
isidium (IsTd'ium)
iferous.
isocercal
equal
bral
(bot.).
(I'soseYkal) a.
kerkos, tail.]
column ending
in
[Gk.
With
tsos,
verteline
median
With
all cells
equal
(biol.).
isodactylous (I'sodak'tiliis) a.
[Gk.
Havisos, equal; daktylos, finger.]
all
the
of
ing
digits
equal size
(zool.).
odous,
equal
tooth.]
Having
teeth
all
(zool.).
isodynamic
(I'sodtnam'ik) a.
[Gk.
Of
equal dynamis, power.]
foods
;
equal strength appl.
(phys.).
isogamete (I'sogamet') n. [Gk. isos,
equal gamos, marriage.] One of
a pair of equal gametes, not
differentiated from one another.
isos,
isogamous (Isog'amus)
a.
[Gk.
isos^
Having
isogamy
(isog'amT) n.
[Gk. isos,
Sexual
gamos, union.]
equal
union, or union of similar gametes
;
isis,
number
ischiocavernous
ischion,
ISO-
islets of Langerhans,
spherical or
oval bodies scattered throughout
the pancreas, concerned in the
metabolism of sugar in the body
of some
(biol.).
a.
[Gk.
pherein, to bear.]
Isid-
Having
[Gk.
Having
ISOthe
of
flagella
equal
length
(zool.).
isomere (I'somer)
n.
[Gk. isos, equal;
meros, part.]
homologous structure or part (zool.).
isoinerous (Isom'Srus) a.
[Gk. isos,
Isomorphism
n.
(I'somor'fizm)
[Gk.
equal
morphe, shape.] Apparent similarity of individuals of
different race or species (diol.).
isomorphous (I'somor'fus) a. Isomortsos,
phic.
isopedine
(isop'edin) n.
[Gk. isopedos,
A layer of compact bony
level.]
material in certain fish scales (zool.).
isopetalous (I'sopeYalus) a. [Gk. isos,
equal
petalon, petal.]
Having
similar petals (dot.).
isophytoid (I'sofi'toid) a.
[Gk. isos,
" indiequal phyton, plant.] An
vidual" or part of a compound
plant not differentiated from the
;
rest (dot.).
isopodous (Isop'odus) a.
equal
JAC-
158
pous, foot.]
legs alike and equal
;
constantly repeated in a
regular manner, as in crinoid
brachia (zool.).
isotonic (I'soton'ik) a.
[Gk. isos,
Of equal
tonos,
equal
tone.]
tension (phys.).
n.
isotonicity (I'sotonis'iti)
[Gk. isos,
equal ; tonos, tone.] Normal tension under pressure or stimulus
tion
(phys.).
predetermined
(emd.).
isozoic (I'sozo'ik) a.
[Gk. isos, equal
Inhabited
zoon,
by
animal.]
similar forms of animal life (dial ).
;
isozooid
isthmiate
neck.]
equal
An agamete prosporos, seed.]
duced by schizogony opp. anisospore (zool., hot.).
isosporous (Isos'porus) a. [Gk. isos,
equal
seed.]
sporos,
Having
spores of one kind only (hot.).
isostemonous (I'sostgm'onus) a. [Gk.
L. stamen, standing.]
isos, equal
Having stamens equal in number
to that of sepals and petals (dot.).
isos,
n.
(is'miat) a.
[Gk.
isos,
eidos,
like.]
the
parent
[Gk. isthmos,
Connected by an isthmus-
like part.
(is'mus)
neck.]
(I'sozo'oid)
isthmus
Isopogonous
[Gk.
Of
isos,
equal
pogon, beard.]
feathers having the two webs
and
similar
(zool.).
equal
eggs
isotropy (isot'ropi)
[Gk. isos,
Absence
equal
trepein, to turn.]
of predetermined axes in eggs.
(zool.).
(I'sopog'onus) a.
in
n.
Having the
[Gk. isos
as
axes,
(zool.).
n.
[Gk. isthmos,
duct (anat.).
ivory (I'vori) n.
[L. edur, ivory,
through French.] Dentine of teeth,
usually that of the elephant's tusks
and similar structures, formed from
the odontoblasts.
isotely
(Tsot'glT) n.
[Gk.
isos,
equal
in a
it
isotomy
equal
in
(zool., dot.).
n.
[Gk. tsos,
temnein, to cut.] Bifurca-
(Ts6t'6mT)
;
may be
JAC-
KAR-
159
yoke.]
a ridge
by bone or
naked or
cartilage,
jecorin (jSk'orin)
n.
lecithin-like
stance
present
of the
organs
quantities,
(phys.}.
jejunum
empty.]
[L.jecur, liver.]
submany of the
phosphorized
in
body in minute
and soluble in ether
maned.j
(joog'al) n.
[L.
jugum, yoke.]
maxilla
and squamosal.
jugate
(joog'at) a.
Having
pairs
furnished with a
jugular
of
leaflets
jugum
lum, a collar-bone.]
;
(bot.}
(zool.).
[L.
Pert,
jugu-
neck or
neath and
(zool.).
jugulum
(joog'ulum, jug-) n.
[L.
jugulum, collar-bone.] The foreneck region of a bird's breast ; in
Insects, the jugum of the wing
(zool.}.
[Gk.
kalldium
In-
[Dim. Gk.
form of sporocarp
(kalid'ium) n.
kalia, a hut.]
(bot.}.
kalymmocytes
(kaltm'osits) n. plu.
covering ; kytos,
In
Ascidians, certain folliclecell.]
cells which migrate into the egg
after maturation (zool.}.
[Gk.
kalymma,
karyaster (karias'ter)
n.
[Gk. karyon,
nucleus ; aster, star.] A star-shaped
group of chromosomes (cyt.}.
karyenchyma
karyon,
(kar'Igng'kTma) n. [Gk.
nucleus
in-
;
engchyma,
Nuclear sap (cyt.}.
fusion.]
karyogamy
n.
(kar'iog'aml)
nucleus
games,
[Gk.
union.]
(cyt.}.
karyokinesis (karfokine'sis)
[L.jugum, yoke.]
(joog'ular, jug-) a.
throat
(kak'ojen'gsls) n.
;
genesis, descent.]
ability to hybridize (biol.}.
karyon,
(zool.\.
jugal
kakogenesis
kakos, bad
n.
[Gk.
karyon, nucleus ; kinein, to change.]
Indirect cell-division; mitosis (cyt.}.
karyolymph
n.
(kar'iolimf)
karyon, nucleus
[Gk.
L. lympha, water.]
Nuclear sap (cyt.}.
karyolysls (kar'iol'lsls) n. [Gk. kar-
yon,
nucleus
lyein,
to
loosen.]
karyomlcrosome (kar'iomi'krosom)
11.
KARkaryomite
[Gk. kar-
(kar'lomlt') n.
yon, nucleus
mitos,
karyon, nucleus
thread.]
chromosome (cyt.}.
karyomitome (karTomitom')
n.
[Gk.
mitoma, network.]
mitos, thread.]
karyon, nucleus
Indirect nuclear division (cyt.}.
;
n.
(kar'ion)
The
nucleus.]
karyophans
[Gk.
karyon,
cell-nucleus
(cyt.}.
(kar'iofanz') n. plu.
[Gk.
to
nucleus
karyon,
phainein,
nucleusor
Microsomes
appear.]
like granules surrounded by an
the
ovoid matrix, which form
;
karyoplasm
in
stalk
(cyt.}.
n.
[Gk.
karyon, nucleus plasma, something
The
moulded.]
nucleoplasm or
nuclear substance (cyt.}.
(kar'toplazm)
;
karyorhexis
(kar'iorek'sis) n.
[Gk.
rexis, breaking.]
karyon, nucleus
Fragmentation of the nucleus (cyt.}.
karyosome (kar'iosom) n. [Gk. karyon, nucleus ; soma, body.] One
of the nucleoli of the "net-knot"
a chromosome
a special
type
aggregation of chromatin in the
the
cell-nucleus
nucleus
resting
;
itself
cf.
karyota
plasmosome
(cyt.}.
(kario'ta) n. plu.
yon, nucleus.]
[Gk. kar-
Nucleated
cells,
karyotheca
(kar'iothe'ka) n.
[Gk.
theke, covering.]
karyon, nucleus
;
(cyt.}.
katabolism
(katab'olizm) n.
[Gk.
kata, down ballein, to throw.] The
of
metabolism
destructive processes
(phys.}.
kataphoric (katafor'ik) a. [Gk. kata,
down pherein, to carry.] Appl.
passive action, the result of lethargy
;
(phys.}.
kataplexy
down
(kat'aplek'si) n.
[Gk. kata,
to strike.]
Conplessein,
dition of an animal feigning death
;
(Phys.}.
katastate (katas'tat)
down
n.
stasis, state.]
[Gk. kata,
Any product
(katl'on)
ienai, to go.]
;/.
[Gk. kata,
moves
which
kathode or
down
A positively
charged
towards the
negative pole
opp.
anion (phys.}.
keel (kel) n. [A.S. ceol, ship.] The
carina or breast-bone of flying birds
the boat-shaped structure
(zool.}
;
and
sensitive parts.
keratin
n.
[Gk. keras,
insoluble
substance
of
the
basis
forming
epidermal
structures
such as horns, nails
(ker'atin)
An
horn.]
(zool.}.
keratinization
n.
(kerat'iniza'shun)
(zool.}.
Sponges
(zool.}.
a
small grain.] The inner part of a
seed containing the embryo (bot.}.
kernel
(ker'nel)
kidney
[A.S.
cyrnel,
n.
[M.E. kidnere,
urine-secreting organ
(kld'ni)
kidney.]
(anat.}.
kinaesthetic (kln'esthet'ik)
a.
[Gk.
movement
odos, way.]
Conveying
motor impulses (phys.}.
kinetic (klnet'lk) a. [Gk. kinein, to
move.] Appl. energy employed in
producing or changing motion
(phys.}
appl. division centre in
;
cell-division
(cyt.}.
kinetoblast
(phys.}.
kathodic (kathod'ik)
kation
ion
karyon
KIN-
160
a.
[Gk. kathodos,
descent.] Not arising in conformation to the genetic spiral ; appl.
leaves (bot.}.
n.
[Gk.
(kine'toblast)
The
kinein, to move ; blastos, bud.]
outer ciliated investment of aquatic
KIN-
n.
kinetogenesis
(kine'toje'n'e'sis)
[Gk. kinein, to move gignesthai,
to produce.]
The evolution theory
that animal structures have been
produced by animal movements
;
(biol.}.
kinetonucleus
n.
(klne'tonu'kleus)
[Gk. kinein, to move ; L. nucleus,
kernel.] The secondary nucleus,
in forms such as
Trypanosomes,
in close connection with the flagellum and undulating membrane
cf. trophonucleus (cyt.}.
kinetoplasm (kine'toplazm) n. [Gk.
kinein, to move
plasma, some-
kinoplasm
kinein,
rays,
n.
[Gk.
plasma,
some-
(km oplazm)
to
move
The substance of
thing formed.]
which
astral
attraction-sphere,
and spindle-fibres consist
archoplasm (cyt.}.
klasma-plates (klas'ma-plats) n. plu.
L. platus,
[Gk. klasma, fragment
Small parts of compound
flat.]
ambulacral plates separated by
growth pressure in certain Echi;
noids
a root-process of certain
in
particles
meshes cross
small
The lower petal,
lip.]
morphologically posterior, of an
orchid (bot.} a small lobe beneath
;
labia
a.
[L.
(zool.}.
(zool.}
LAii-
161
labidophorous (lab'idof'orus)
forceps
labis,
Possessing
organs
pincer-like
(zool.}.
pods
(zool.}.
labiodental
a.
(la'biodgn'tal)
[L.
Pert.
labium, lip ; dens, tooth.]
lip
and
teeth
appl.
an em-
to
labium
(*/.).
labral (la'bral)
(cyt.}.
a.
[Gk.
pherein, to carry.]
Pert, a
a.
labrum
[L. labrum,
lip.]
(zool.}.
labrum
labra
(la'brum) n.,
(la'bra)
[L. labrum, lip.] The anterior
of Insects, Crustaceans, and
certain other Arthropods ; the outer
margin of the mouth of a gastropod
plu.
lip
labellum (labeTum)
n.
[L. labelling
shell (zool.}.
(lab'frinth)
n.
rinthus, labyrinth.]
internal ear, bony or
The complex
membranous
labyrinth
[L.
laby;
LAG-
162
labyrinthodont
lactescent
the
tescere, to
(lab'irin'thodont)
a.
ing
lactic (lak'tik) a.
[L. lac, milk.]
Pert, milk ; appl. bacilli (phys.).
(zool.}.
lactiferous (laktif'erus)
laccate
Appearing as
if
varnished
lacerated (Ias'6rat6d)
to
a.
(dot.).
latex
[L. lacerare,
a.
(lasfir'tiform)
lizard
[L.
forma, shape.]
shape of a lizard
Having the
(zool).
flap.]
lactoproteid
lac,
milk
Any
first
of
the
of
[L.
eidos,
milk
proteids (phys.).
lacinia,
(zool.)
(bot.).
(tot.).
lacunar
lacrimal (lak'rimal)
a.
Pert, or situated
'nejjii-^e
lacrimal organ; appl. bone, duct,
lacrima, tear
the lacrimal
lactase (lak'tas) n.
An enzyme
found
[L. lac,
in the
[L.
glands
[L.
An
resembling
[L.
With numerous
lacuna,
cavities
(lak'unosoroo'gos)
lacuna, cavity
rugosus,
wrinkled.] Having deep furrows or
pits, as some seeds and fruits (bot.).
a.
[L.
trepein,
to
milk.]
animal
from
lagena
(lagen'a, laje'na)
(lage'na, lajen'e) plu.
flask.]
An
Inclined,
turn.]
laeotropous (leot'ropus).
etc.,
lactose (phys.).
lactation (lakta'shun) n.
[L.
Secretion of milk in
milk.]
lacuna,
[L.
or
lacunosorugose
'
duct (anat.).
lacrimose (lak'rimos) a. [L. lacrima,
tear.]
Bearing tear-shaped appendages, as the gills of certain
a.
(zool., bot.).
Fungi (bot.).
lactalbumin (lak'talbu'min) n.
lac, milk
albumin, albumin.]
albumin found in milk (phys.).
Having
cavity.]
'
.,
papillae, sac, etc. (anat.).
lacrimonasal (lak'rlmona'zal) a.
(laku'nar)
cavity.]
[L. lacrima,
tear.]
mammary
n.
(lak'topro'teid)
Gk. protos,
resemblance.]
the inflexed
petal
(phys.).
lac,
(hot., zool.}.
lacerta,
(tot.).
lac,
[L.
tear.]
a.
varnish.]
[It. lacca,
(lak'at)tf.
(bot.).
left (zool.).
Laeotropic.
;/.,
[L.
lagenae
lagena,
the
(zool.).
cochlea
(zool.).
Shaped
lagopodous
a.
(lagop'odus)
[Gk.
lagos, hare pous, foot.] Possessing
or
feet
hairy
feathery
(zool.).
;
LAM
LAP-
Lamarckian
a.
(lamark'ian)
or pert.
Lamarck
Lamarck,
biologist.]
[F.
Of
lamina, plate
(diol.).
Lamarckism
n.
(lamark'izm)
Having the
[F.
The
biologist.]
lanate
lambda
Woolly
appl.
a.
[Gk. A,
Aresemblance.]
a cranial suture
eidos,
shaped
lambdoidal, lambdoid.
lamella (lamel'a) n. [L. lamella, a
leaves (dot.).
lanceolate (lan'seolat)
[L. lamella, a
Composed of, or
a.
little
lance-shaped
(dot., zool.).
gills.]
Having platelike gills on each side ; with bilaterally compressed symmetrical
body, like a bivalve (zool.).
brangchia,
a.
[L. lanceola,
at base and
Broad
lance.]
lance-oval (lans'-o'val) a.
lance ; ovalis, oval.]
between lanceolate and
lance-ovate (lans'-o'vat) a.
lance ; ovalis, oval.]
(lameTikorn)
a.
lamellicorn
plate.]
lamina,
lance-oblong (lans'-ob'long) a.
[L.
lancea, lance ; odlongus, oblong.]
Oblong with tapering ends appl.
small plate.]
small
(zool.)
[L.
lana, wool.]
covered with short
[L.
a.
lance-linear
(lans'-lin'ear)
[L.
lancea, lance ; linea, line.] Between
lanceolate and linear in form ; appl.
leaves (dot.).
(anat.).
an Agaric (dot.).
lamellar (lameTar)
a.
(lan'at)
a.
(lam'doid)
smooth ridge
in a
(zool.).
laminous (lam'inus)
plate.] ^Laminar.
lambdoid
meeting behind
evolution
theory of Lamarck, embodying the
that
characterprinciple
acquired
istics are transmissible (diol.).
Lamarck,
between
laftceolate
lancefejaafoisi,
[L.
[L. lancea,
Something
oval
(dot.).
[L. lancea,
Something
and ovate
(dot.).
speciad'plates support-
lamelliferous
(lam'elif'e'rus)
lamella,
plate
Having
small
to
ferre,
plates
or
[L. y. V nAnsT
cawy.j Vlanguet,
a.
scales
the
(zool.).
bearing
ridges
layers
in
(dot., zool.).
pieces.]
canine tooth
lantern,
.
process on
of Ascidians
see
[L. laniare,
appl.
Term
to
to
(zool.).
lantern
Aristotle's
(zool.).
lanthanin (lan'thanin)
thanein,
(zool.).
n.
a.
(lan'iari)
tear
lamellar-like
(lang'gwe't)
sac
(zool.).
like (zool.).
bill
branchial
laniary
languette
to
n.
conceal.]
[Gk. lan-
Oxychro-
matin.
lanuginous
wool.] Woolly
(lanu'jinus) a.
lanugo
[L. lanugo,
(dot., zool.).
(lanu'go) n.
The downy
shed early
in life (anat.).
lapidicolous (lap'Idik'olus) a.
[L.
lapis, stone ; colere, to cultivate.]
under
that
live
animals
Appl.
stones (zool.).
LAPlappaceous (lapa'shus)
bur.]
Prickly
lappet
(lap'et) n.
hanging
a.
[L. lappa,
One
part.]
n.
(lar'va)
An embryo
[L.
of the paired
larva, ghost.]
becomes
which
of development
circumstances
(dot.).
larva
LAX
164
self-
stages
resting
under favourable
buds (hot.)
appl.
(zool.)
character-
istics (biol.).
theory
(phys.).
sustaining
it
a larva (zool.).
larvigerous (larvlj'erus) a.
ghost gerere, to bear.]
;
[L. larva,
Coarctate
(zool.).
Young
larva.]
laryngeal
larva
(larin'jeal,
lar'fnje'al)
a.
(anat.).
larin'jo-) a.
(laring'gotra'keal,
L. trachea, trachea.]
and trachea
appl.
Pert, larynx,
embryonic tube
(lar'inks);*.,
larynges
(larin'jez)
n.
[L.
latebra,
fluid
latex
a.
[L. latex,
Conveying
ferre, to carry.]
;
appl. cells, tissue, vessels
(bot.).
(emb.).
Inhabiting holes.
latent (la'tSnt)
a.
(zool.).
matodes
(zool.).
laurinoxylon
(lor'inok'silon)
laurus, laurel
Any
hid.]
With
beaked
(emb.).
eggs
laryngotracheal
latebra
(zool.).
laticiferous (lat'isif'erus)
(zool.).
larynx
law
fossil
n.
[L.
wood.
of acceleration,
the generaliza-
Loose,
LAY-
LEP-
layer of Langhans,
see cytotropho-
blast.
leader
laedan, to
lead.]
Highest shoot or part of
trunk of a tree (bot.).
An
leaf (lef)
[A.S. leaf, leaf.]
(le'der)
n.
[A.S.
outgrowth of a
usually green (bot.}.
lechriodont (Igk'riodont') a.
expanded
lechrios,
slantwise
odous,
a row which
transverse
is
nearly
if
teeth
not quite
lecithin
(leYithin) n.
[Gk. lekithos,
egg-yolk.]
phosphorized fat of
cell-protoplasm (phys.).
lecithoblast (leVithoblast) n.
[Gk.
celled,
(IggunV, leg'um) n.
[L. legdehiscent onepulse.]
two-valved carpel, as pod of
pea or bean
legumin
(dot.).
(Iggu'min) n.
[L. legumen,
pulse.]
proteid found in the
seeds of the Leguminosae (bot.).
lemniscus
lemniskos,
n.
(le"mms'kus)
fillet.]
One
at
[Gk.
of paired
base of
club-shaped organs
proboscis
acanthocephalan
a fillet of fibres on each side
(zool.)
of the cerebral peduncles (anat.).
the
A
lens (16nz) n.
[L. lens, lentil.]
transparent part of the eye which
focusses rays of light on the
retina ; the crystalline lens (anat.);
the modified portion of the cornea
in front of each element of a
compound eye
(zool.).
lenticel (16n'tTs61) n.
Ventilating
stems
pore
Angiosperm
(bot.).
lenticular (16ntik'ular) a.
[L. lenticula, dim. of lens, lentil.]
Shaped
like a double convex lens (bot.,
zool.).
The
tip of
with
often ossified
the
as
lentiform (len'tiform) a.
[L. lens,
lentil forma, shape.]
Lenticular.
lentigerous (le'ntij'e'rus) a. [L. lens,
lentil
Furnished
gerere, to bear.]
with a lens (zool.).
n.
(Igs'ithalbu'min)
[Gk. lekithos, egg-yolk ; L. albumen,
legume
ume n,
is
[Gk.
tooth.]
(zool.).
thos,
which
lecithalbumin
body
stapes,
stem,
lenticular (Igntik'ular) n.
the incus articulating
lentiginose (IgntTj'Inos)
from
lens,
a.
lentil.]
[L. lentigo,
Freckled
speckled
dots (zool., bot.).
lentiginous (IgntijTnus). Lentiginose.
lepidodendroid (lep'idode'n'droid) a.
dendron, tree
[Gk. lepis, scale
Pert, lepidodendron
eidos, like.]
;
having
lepidophyte (lep'idoflt) n.
scale
phyton, plant.]
[Gk.
lepis,
fossil
or
hour-glass
vertebrae
shaped,
(zool.).
With
LEP-
LIE-
166
leptodermatous (Ifip'todeYmatus)
[Gk. leptos, slender
a.
derma, skin.]
leukos, white
(bot.}.
leucocyte
(bot.}.
slender
leptos,
smooth
phloios,
Rudimentary bast
bark.]
pigment found
tissue
loo-)
(lu'koslt,
leukos, white
amoebocyte
n.
[Gk.
An
kytos, hollow.]
a colourless blood-
corpuscle (anat.}.
leucocy togenesis
(lu'kosi'toj en'esls,
loo-) n.
[Gk. leukos, white kytos,
hollow ; gignesthai, to produce.]
Leucocyte formation (phys.}.
leucoplastids (lu'koplas'tidz, loo-) n.
[Gk. leukos, white ; plastos,
plu.
formed.] Colourless plastids from
;
anggeion,
genous
tissue
With
vessel.]
sporo-
developing
from
leptoxylem
(lep'tozl'lgm)
slender
leptos,
Rudimentary wood
leptus
(Igp'tus) n.
The
six-legged
n.
xylon,
tissue
[Gk.
wood.]
(bot.}.
(zool.}.
lu'seen,
loo-)
n.
(phys.}.
leucite (lu'sit, loo-) n.
white.]
(bot.}.
levator
n.
(16va/tor)
[L. levare,
A name
to
given to muscles
serving to raise an organ or part
raise.]
(anat.}.
Leydig's
duct,
the
Wolffian
duct
(emb.}.
minute organs on
Leydig's organs,
the antennae of Arthropods, supposed to be organs of smell (zool.}.
liana (lian'a) n. [L. ligare, to bind.]
Any luxuriant woody climber of
tropical
or
semi-tropical
forests
(bot.}.
lethal (le'thal) a.
leuceine
plastids arise
[Gk. leukos,
colourless plastid (bot.}.
velopment (emb.}.
leucocarpous (lu'kokar'pus, loo-) a.
[Gk. leukos, white
karoos, fruit.]
With the fruit white (bot.}.
leucocyan (lu'kosfan, loo-) n. [Gk.
;
liber (ll'ber) n.
[L. liber,
inner bark.]
Bast (bot.}.
lichenism (ll'kgnizm) n. [Gk. leichen,
Symbiotic relationship
liverwort.]
between Fungi and Algae (bot.}.
lichenoid (H'kgnoid)
liverwort
a.
[Gk. leichen,
eidos,
resemblance.]
Resembling a Lichen (bot.}.
lichenology (Il'ke"n61'6ji) n.
[Gk.
;
(ll'6n, le'6n) n.
Spleen.
lienal (ll'enal) a.
[L. lien, spleen.]
Pert, spleen ; appl. artery, vein,
a.
liguliflorous
a.
(ITg'ulIflo'rus)
[L.
ligula, little tongue ; flos, flower.]
Having ligulate flowers only (dot.).
gaster, stomach.]
and stomach
appl.
artery supplying spleen and parts
of stomach and pancreas (anat.).
Pert, spleen
life-cycle
to maturity
slugs
(zool.).
limb (Hm) n.
Branch arm
[L. lignes-
(anat.).
limbous
;
ing on
\L.lignum,
colere, to cultivate.]
wood
limbus,
su-
[L.
overlapping
limbus
n.
limbus,
(lim'bus)
[L.
border.] Any border if distinctly
marked off by colour or structure
(tot.).
(zool., hot.).
limicolous (limlk'olus)
mud
ing
[L. lig-
[L. limus,
Living
in
(zool., tot.).
limivorous (lirmVorus)
;
a.
[L. limus,
Mud-eatvorare, to devour.]
appl. certain aquatic animals
mud
which swallow
a.
a.
colere, to dwell.]
mud;
mud
(tot.).
lignivorous (ligmv'orus)
(zool.).
zool.).
(zool.).
lignocellulose (Ifg'noseTulos) n.
lignum, wood
limnophilous
[L.
The
bined
a.
(lim'bus)
border.]
Appl.
tures (anat.).
Grow-
ligniflcation (Hg'nifika'shun) n.
[L.
lignum, wood facere, to form.]
wood
limb.]
wood
ligmicolous (iTgnik'olus)tf.
Urn,
[A.S.
leg
wing,
limbic (llm'blk)a. [L. limbus, border.]
Bordering appl. a cerebral lobe
(tot.).
cere, to
[L.
Like
a slug (zool.).
limacine (Itm'asin) a.
[L. Umax,
Pert, or resembling a slug
slug.]
;
(lignSs'e'nt) a.
a.
(limas'lform)
liga-
[L.
strong
fibrous band of tissue connecting
two or more moveable bones (anat.).
ligneous (ITg'neus) a. [L. lignum,
of the nature of
wood.] Woody
lignescent
(zool.).
limaciform
(biol.).
ligament (lig'amgnt)
mentum, bandage.]
wood
TJX-
167
Living
(limnofilus) a. [Gk.
philein, to love.]
marsh
in
fresh-water
marshes
limnoplankton
(tot.).
Compositae
limne,
(Iim'noplang'kt6n) n.
marsh ; plangktos,
limne,
[Gk.
wandering.] The floating animal
and plant life in fresh-water ponds
and marshes cf. hallplankton.
;
line
(lin)
n.
[A.S. line,
cable.]
linea (Hn'ea) n.
line,
which
as
see.
linear (lln'ear)
a.
[L.
linea,
line.]
Thread-like^/.,^/.),
(tot.).
llgule (Hg'ul) n.
[L. ligula, little
membranous appendtongue.]
at
the
age
junction of blade and
petiole a supra-sporangial scale in
Selaginella (tot.) one of the lobes
qf the annelidan parapodium (zool.).
linear-ensate
[L.
(lln'ear-gn'sat) a.
Between
linea, line ; ensis, sword.]
linear and ensiform in shape ; appl
leaves (tot.).
linear - lanceolate
a.
(lln'ear-lan'seolat)
[L. lineO) line ; lanceola^ small
LIN-
Between
linear
and
oblong
in
(bot., zool.).
(ling'gwa) n.
[L.
lingua,
tongue.] The floor of the mouth in
mites ; the hypopharynx of insects
a tongue or tongue-like structure
(zool.).
lingual (ling'gwal)
a.
lingua,
[L.
One of
[A.S. lippa, lip.]
the fleshy folds round the mouth
a lip-like structure, such as labia,
lip (lip) n.
at
fat.]
the
An
in
some
lipogastry
belly.]
the
(bot.).
[Gk.
;
gaster,
obliteration of
as
cavity,
in
some
[Gk.
lipos,
(zool.).
lipogenous (lipoj'6nus)
fat
be lacking
Temporary
gastral
Sponges
plants
(lip'ogas'tri)
to
leipesthai,
a.
gignesthai, to produce.]
producing
eidos,
found
in cells (phys.).
(Hp'olTt'ik) a.
[Gk. lipos,
Capable of
lyein, to reduce.]
fat
;
fat-reducing
dissolving
(phys}.
lipolytic
fat
lipomerism
(Ifpom'e'rlzm)
n.
[Gk.
lingua
and
LIT-
168
Fat-
(bot., zool.).
lipoid (iTp'oid)
a.
[Gk.
lipos,
fat
Temporary obliteration
mouth or osculum (zool.).
lipoxenous
of
the
a.
(lipok'sgnus)
[Gk.
to be lacking ; xenos,
leipesthai,
host.]
Leaving
the
host before
completion of development, as in
case of certain parasites (bot.).
lipped (Hpt) a.
[A.S. lippa, lip.]
Labiate (bot.).
lirella
n.
(lireTa)
linear
apothecium of Lichens
(**).
lissencephalous (lis'gnkeTalus, -sgf-)
smooth engkephalon,
a.
[Gk. lissos,
brain.]
Having few or no convolutions on the brain (zool.).
;
lissoflagellate (lis'oflaj'glat) a.
[Gk.
L. ftagellum, whip.]
lissos, smooth
no
collar
Having
surrounding the
;
and tentaculo-
lithodesma (lith'odeVma)
n.
[Gk.
stone ; desma, bond.]
A
small plate, shelly in nature, found
in certain bivalves (zool.).
lithos,
lithodomous (lithod'timus)
a.
[Gk.
stone
demein, to build.]
Living in rocks (zool.).
lithogenous (Hthqj'e'nus) a.
[Gk.
lithos, stone
gignesthai, to prolithos,
duce.]
Rock-forming, or
building, as certain corals
lithophagous
(lithof'agus) a,
rock(zool.).
[Gk.
LIT-
stone
phagein, to eat.]
as
Birds
rockStone-eating,
burrowing, as Molluscs (zoo/.).
a.
lithophilous
(lithofilus)
[Gk.
stone
lithos,
love.]
philein, to
Growing on stones or rocks (bot.).
lithophyll (lith'ofil) n.
[Gk. lithos,
stone
A fossil leaf,
fihyllon, leaf.]
or leaf-impression (J>al.).
lithos,
places
(bot.).
lithotomous
(lithot'omiis) a.
[Gk.
stone temnein,\.o cut.] Stoneboring, as certain Molluscs (zoo/.).
littoral (Ht'oral) a.
[L. littus, seashore.]
Growing or living at or
near the sea-shore (biol.).
liver (liv'er). [A.S. lifer, liver.] A bilesecreting gland of vertebrates (zoo/.).
lithos,
an organ in Molluscs
and Crustaceans combining the functhe
tionsof
liver and pancreas (zoo/.).
liver-pancreas,
lobate (lo'bat)
a.
Divided into
lobes.
lobed (lobd)
a.
[Gk.
lobos,
lobe.]
LON-
169
lobe
pous,
n.
phi.
foot.]
pseudopodia of Protozoa
lobose (16'bos)
[Gk.
Blunt
(zoo/.).
a.
communicating
centres
of
the
tion
[L.
locellus,
certain Coelenterates
a chamber
of a foraminiferal shell (zoo/.) one
of the cavities of an ovary (bot.).
lodicule (16d'Ikul) n.
[L. lodicula,
scale at the base of
coverlet.]
;
reflected (zoo/.).
(zoo/.).
longlrostral (Ifin'jlros'tral) a.
[L.
longus,
rostrum,
beak.]
long ;
identifica-
LOPlophiostomate (Io'ff6st5'mat)
lophion, small crest
a.
[Gk.
stoma, mouth.]
lophobranchiate
a.
(lo'fobrang'kiat)
With
brangchia,
gills.]
n.
(lo'fokal'throps)
branched
lophocercal
a.
(lo'foseVkal)
[Gk.
; kerkos, tail.]
Having
caudal fin like a ridge
verse
lophophore
(lo'fofor) n.
[Gk. lophos,
pherein, to carry.] An oval
tentacle-supporting organ in Polyzoa and Brachiopods (zool.).
crest
lophoselenodont
(lo'fosfile'nodont) a.
crest ; selene, moon ;
[Gk. lophos,
odous, tooth.]
Having the cheek
teeth ridged with crescentic cuspid
ridges on the grinding surface (zool.).
lophosteon
Lophocalthrops.
lophotrichous (lofoYrikus) a.
[Gk.
Having
lophos, ridge thrix, hair.]
long whip-like flagella (hot., zool.).
lophs (lofs) n. flu. [Gk. lophos, ridge.]
Crests which may connect the
cones in teeth and so form ridges
;
(zool.).
loral (lo'ral) a.
[L. lorum, thong.]
Pert, or situated at the lore (zool.).
lorate
(lo'rat)
a.
Strap-shaped
lore (lor) n.
[L. lorum,
thong.]
(tot.).
bill
and
The
eyes
in
birds (zool.).
lorica (loYlka) n. [L. lorica, corselet.]
protective external case found in
Rotifers and Infusorians (zool.).
loricate (lor'ikat) a. [L. lorica, corse-
let.]
Insects
(zool.).
a.
[Gk. loxos,
odous, tooth.]
Having
oblique
molar teeth with shallow grooves
between the ridges (zool.).
luciferase (loostf'e'ras) n.
[L. lux,
;
An oxidizing
or scales (zool.).
lorication moment,
mals
luciferine,
luminosity in certain ani-
(phys.).
luciferine (loosif'grin)
n.
[L.
lux,
(phys.).
lumbar
(lum'bar) a.
[L. htmbus,
Pert, or near the region of
the loins ; appl. artery, vein, ver-
loin.]
[L.
Pert.
loin ;
costa, rib.]
ribs ; appl. arch (anat.).
lumbosacral (lum'bosa'kral) a.
[L.
lumbus, loin ; sacrum, sacred.]
loins and sacrum ;
Pert,
appl.
lumbus,
loins
and
form.
lumen
(lii'mSn, loo-) n.
light.]
The
[L. lumen,
cavity of a tubular
luminous organs,
specialized organs
for the production of light, found
space between
(zool.).
lophos, crest
a rayless
loxodont (lok'sodont)
lophocalthrops
crest
LITN-
170
shell
lunate
lung
(lung)
n.
The paired
organ
the occasion of
(zool.).
of
LUN-
marking
(zool.}.
(lu'nulSt, loo-) n.
moon.]
[L. lunula,
small
lunule
(zool.}.
lupulin
loo'pulln)
(lu'pultn,
n.
[L.
cf.
to
loose
phobos, fear.]
Appl. solutions which, after evaporation to
dryness, remain as a solid ; cf.
;
MAC-
171
(lu'tein,
loo-)
n.
luteus,
[L.
lymph
(limf) n.
[L. lympha, water.]
alkaline colourless fluid contained in the lymphatic vessels
An
(anaf., phys.}.
lymph
lymphocyte
(lim'foslt) n.
fympha,
[L.
water
and lymph
lymphogenlc
(phys.}.
(llm'fojen'ik)
lympha, water
[L.
in the
lymph-
glands (phys.}.
lymphogenous
(limfoj'e'nus)
lympha, water
produce.]
(phys.}.
lyra (li'ra) n. [Gk. lyra, lyre.] Triangular part of the corpus callosum,
marked with lines as a lyre (anat.}.
lyrate (ffrat) a.
[Gk. lyra, lyre.]
Lyre-shaped appl. certain leaves
;
(bot.}.
desmactlnic (zool.}.
cf.
lyslgenous (lisij'gnus) a.
[Gk. lysis,
loosing ; gignesthai, to produce.]
Appl. formation of tissue cavities
caused by the degeneration and
breaking down of cell-walls in the
centre of the mass (bot.}.
lysln (li'sin) n. [Gk. lysis, loosing.]
Any substance capable of destroying bacteria (phys.}.
lysogenesls (Irsojen'ests) n.
[Gk.
lysis, loosing ; gignesthai, to produce.] The action of lysins (phys.}.
lysogenous
a.
[L.
(llsoj'e'nus).
(lis'a) n.
[Gk. lyssa, madness.]
vermiform structure of cartilage,
under
and
the
connective
tongue
water
tissue,
Mammals
(anat.}.
Gk. gignesthai, to
Lymph-forming
(phys.,
(lim'foid) a.
[L. lympha,
Gk. eidos, resemblance.]
of
anat.}.
lymphold
Lysigenous.
lyssa
muscle,
a.
Gk. gignesthai, to
Produced
produce.]
lyophll (phys.}.
lyotropic (llotrop'ik) a. [Gk. lyein, to
loose ; trope, a turning.]
Appl.
solutions which are dependent on
in
the
solvent
itself
changes
macerate (m&s'erat)
to soften.]
isolate the
v.
[L. macerare,
or to
of a tissue or
To wear away
parts
organ
(phys.}.
machopolyp (mak'6p611p)
n.
[Gk,
MACmache, fight
foot.]
polys,
many
pous,
nematophore of certain
Hydromedusae
with
provided
or adhesive
cnidoblasts
globules
(zool.).
life-prolonging
(btol.).
macroblast
[Gk.
(mak'rdblast) n.
A
blastos, bud.]
makros, large
large cell or corpuscle (zool.).
macrocarpous (mak'rokar'pus) a. [Gk.
makros, large karpos, fruit.] Pro;
ducing large
fruit (bot.).
or female conjugant
(zool.).
n.
gametes,
[Gk. makros, large
spouse kytos, hollow.] The mothera macrogamete, considered
female term used mainly in connection with Protista (biol.).
macrogamy (makrog'ami) n. [Gk.
makros, large
gamos, marriage.]
;
a.
[Gk.
head.]
makros,
Having
thickened
(bot.)
large ; kephale,
the cotyledons
big-headed
(anat.).
macrocnemic (mak'rokne'mik)
[Gk.
macroconidium (mak'rokonid'ium)
n.
konis, dust.]
[Gk. makros, large
A large asexual spore or conidium
;
(bot.).
macroconjugant (mak'rokon'joogant)
n.
[Gk. makros, large ; L. conjuThe large indigare, to unite.]
vidual of a conjugating pair, as the
Vorticellan to
sedentary
ordinary
which the motile microconjugant
or individual attaches itself (zool.).
large
large ; kystis, bladder.]
reproductive cell of certain Fungi
a large cyst or case, as for spores
;
(mak'rosi'tas)
n.
[Gk.
macrodactylous (mak'rodak'tilus)
a.
large
tongue.]
glossa,
macrognathic
a.
(mak'rognath'ik)
[Gk. makros, large gnathos, jaw.]
Having specially developed jaws
(zool.).
macrogonidium
(mak'rogonid'itim) n.
hemisphere (emb.).
macromerozoite (mak'romer'dzo'it)
a.
; odous, tooth.]
large teeth (anat.).
macrogamete (mak'rogamet')
n.
[Gk.
With
[Gk.
n.
meros, part
[Gk. makros, large
zoon, animal.] One of the many
divisions produced by the macroschizont stage of a
Sporozoan
(zool.).
macromesentery
n.
(mak'romes'enteri)
[Gk.
middle
Anthozoan
(sool.).
macromyelon (mak'roml'elon)
makros,
large
myelos,
n.
[Gk.
marrow.]
(anat.).
[Gk. makros,
The larger
ons, being.]
of two sets of cells formed after
schizogony in Neosporidia, the
macront giving rise to macrolarge
gametes (zool.).
macronucleus (mak'ronu'kleus)
n.
L. nucleus,
large
kernel.] The larger of two nuclei
in a cell, usually supposed to be
of a vegetative or somatic nature
[Gk.
makros, large
makros,
macront (mak'ront)
(bot.}.
macrocytase
cell of
;'
The
ovum
to the
macrogametocyte (mak'rogame'toslt)
;
lived
MAC-
172
makros,
(zool.).
macrophage
n.
(mak'rofaj)
[Gk.
large
phagein, to eat.]
large phagocyte or endothelial
makros,
MAC-
MAC-
173
macropodous (makrop'ddus)
makros, large \pous, foot.]
a long stalk, as a leaf or
having the hypocotyl large
portion to the rest of the
[Gk.
Having
leaflet
macrosporophore (mak'rospo'rofor)
[Gk. ma&ros, large
pherein, to bear.]
(bot.).
a.
A
makros, large
sforos, seed.]
large anisospore or gamete of
one
of
the
Sarcodina (zool.)
larger
spores of heterosporous plants (&>/.).
in pro-
embryo
(&>/.).
macropterous (makrop'te'rus)
a.
[Gk.
makros, large \pteron, wing.] With
unusually large fins or
wings
n.
sporos, seed ;
leafy lobe
macrosporozoite (mak'rospo'rozo'it) n.
[Gk. makros, large
sporos, seed
A larger endozoon, animal.]
gamous sporozoite of Sporozoa
;
(zool.).
macroschizogony
(mak'roshizog'oni)
schizein,
[Gk. makros, large
to
cleave
generation.]
gone,
Method of multiplication of the
.
macroschizonts
macroschizont
n.
to
cleave.]
stage in the life-cycle
of
certain
Haemosporidia de-
Visible to the
naked
eye.
macrosepalous
a.
(mak'rosep'alus)
[Gk. makros, large ; sepalon, sepal.]
With specially large sepals (dot.).
n.
macroseptum
(mak'rose'p'tum)
[Gk. macros, large ; L. septum,
or
division.]
primary
perfect
septum of the Anthozoa (zool.).
macrosmatic (mak'rosmat'ik)
makros, large
well
a.
osme, smell.]
developed sense of
a.
macrostylospore (mak'rostl'lospor)
n.
(mak'roshiz'ont)
large ; schizein,
makros,
[Gk.
(zool.).
macrostomatous (mak'rostom'atus)
[Gk.
With
smell
macrostylous
(mak'rostl'lus) a.
[Gk.
makros, large stylos, pillar.] With
long styles (&?/.).
macrotherm (mak'rothgrm) n. [Gk.
A
makros, large
therme, heat.]
a plant requiring
tropical plant
heat and moisture (bot.\
macrotous (makro'tus)'a. [Gk. makros,
;
ous, an ear.]
large
ears (zool.~).
;
With
large
type
(zool.).
macrosomatous (mak'rosom'atus)
a.
soma, body.]
Possessing an abnormally large
body.
inacrosporangiophore(rnak'r6sp6ran'n.
jlofor)
[Gk. makros, large
seed
sporos,
anggeion, vessel
[Gk. ma&ros, large
pherein,
to
bear.]
structure
bearing a macrosporangium
(hot.}.
sporos,
spor-
[Gk.
sporos,
seed.]
motile
large
spore.
macula (mak'ula)
ula) plu.
[L.
//.,
maculae
ni.ik'-
A
macula, spot.]
a small
;
tubercle
(anat.).
macula
MACmaculate (mak'ulat)
a.
[L. macula,
Spotted.
maculation (mak'ula'shun) n.
[L.
macula, spot.] The arrangement
of the spots on a plant or animal
spot.]
macula, spot
Spotted.
ferre,
a.
[L.
bear.]
to
branching
poros, friable stone.]
the plate at the exstony Coral
ternal opening of the stone canal
;
Echinoderms (zool.}.
madreporic (mad'rSpor'ik)
malar
(ma'lar) a.
[L. mala, cheek.]
Pert, or in the region of the cheek ;
n.
a.
madrepore.]
madrepore,
madrepore or madreporite
tubercle,
plate,
[F.
Pert,
appl.
canal
testes
(zool.}
or
fertilizing
Hammer-shaped
hammer.]
appl.
(zool.}.
malleoincudal (mal'eoln'kudal) a.
[L.
malleus, hammer
incus, anvil.]
Pert, malleus and incus of the
;
ear (anat.}.
(zool.}.
plate (zool.}.
maggot (mag'ot) n. [M.E. magot, a
grub.] The most lowly organized,
completely worm-like, insect larva
withoutappendages or distinct head
(zool.}.
(ma'la)
n.-,
malae (mala)
plu.
maxilla of
some
Part of the
Insects, of the
malacology
in
malakos,
the
mala
male
(biol.}.
maculiferous (mak'ulif'erus)
body,
MAL-
174
(mal'ak61'6jl) n.
[Gk.
soft ;
logos, discourse.]
The department
of zoology dealing
with Molluscs.
Ruminants
[L. dim. of
The
malleus, hammer.]
fibula of
vestigial
pert, or in
the region of the malleolus appl.
arteries, folds, sulcus (anat.}.
malleolus (male'olus) n. [L. dim. of
;
a.,
hammer.]
malleus,
Median and
malleolus,
Malpighian
(malplg'ian) a.
[After
malacophilous (mal'akof'ilus)
a.
[Gk.
malakos, soft ; philein, to love.]
Pollinating through the agency of
Gastropods (bot.}.
malacopterous (mal'akop'te'rus)
[Gk. malakos, soft
Soft-finned (zool.}.
malacostracous
malleolar (male'olar) n.
pteron, wing.]
(mal'akos'trakus)
a.
a.
Malpighian layer,
leading into
the posterior part of the gut of
Insects.
Malpighian
see
tuft,
Malpighian
corpuscle.
maltase
n.
(m61'tas)
(A.S.
A plant
mealt,
(mol'tos)
[A.S.
mealt,
Malt-sugar (phys.~).
mamelon (mam'Slon) n. [L. mamilla,
nipple.] A small pimple-like structure in the centre of a tubercle of
an Echinoid interambulacral plate
malt.]
nipple.]
n,
A nipple
[L. mamilla,
(anat., zoo!.).
the
superior tubercle connected with
the transverse processes of the lower
thoracic vertebrae (anat.).
mamma
(mam'a)
n.
[L.
mamma,
the
breast.]
(zoo!.).
mammal
(mam'al)
n.
[L.
mamma,
mammary
(anat.}.
mammiferous
(mamif'grus) a.
[L.
the breast ferre, to bear.]
mammae
milk-secretDeveloping
mamma,
ing
mammalian
(zoo!.).
mandible (man'dibl)
n.
[L.
mandibu-
a.
Gk.
[L. mandibulum, jaw ;
In the region
hyoeides, Y-shaped.]
of the mandible and hyoid (anaf.).
mandibulo-maxillary
(mandib'ulo[L.
mandib-
ulum, jaw
pods
(zool.}.
mastication (phys.).
mandibular (mandlb'ular) a.
[L.
mandibulum, jaw.] Pert, the jaw
appl. arch,
(zoo/.).
mantle
mantle
fibres,
mantle
(zooL).
manual
hand.]
manus
feather
(man'ual) n.
[L. manus,
A wing-quill borne on the
hand of Birds ; a primary
or
(zoo!.).
manubrial (manu'brial)
a.
[L.
manu-
Arthropods.
manicate
(zoo!.).
mamilla (mamil'a)
male
[L.
mak'silari, -maksil'-) a.
(dot.).
maltose
of
MAN-
175
handle-shaped (zoo!.).
(manu'brium)
manubrium
[L.
a.
n.
MAN-
sternum
(anat.).
it,
as found in
Amphibia
wards (zool.~).
manyplies, the omasus or
up-
[L.
margo,
marginal organ or
vesicle,
a litho-
(zool.).
the system of
plates,
round the margin of a
Chelonian carapace (zool.).
marginalia (mar'jina'lia) n. plu. [L.
margo, edge.] Prostalia or defensive spicules on the body surface
round the osculum (zool.).
marginate (mar'jinat) a. [L. margo,
edge.] Having a distinct margin
marginal
plates
in structure or colouring.
marginicidal (mar'jmisl'dal) a.
[L.
to
caedere,
cut.]
margo, edge
Dehiscing by line of union of
;
(bot.).
marginiform (mar'jmlform) a.
[L.
margo, edge forma, shape.] Like
a margin or border in appearance
;
or structure.
marginirostral (mar'jiniros'tral) a.
rostrum, beak.]
[L. margo, edge
Forming the edges of a bird's bill
;
(zool.).
up
(mar'6) n.
[M.E. marow,
The connective
tissue filling
the cylindrical cavities in the
pith.]
bodies
spaces
bones.
Mammalsj
marsupium (marsu'pium) n.
[L.
marsupium, pouch.] Any pouchwhich the young
of an animal complete their desuch
as
the abdominal
velopment,
pouch of Marsupials the gill caviof
ties
bivalves ; a recess formed
;
mask.]
(bot.).
(anat.).
massula
(mas'ula)
n.
[L.
massa,
mass of microspores in
a sporangium of certain Pteridoa
massed
phytes
group of micromass.]
mast
ance.
marrow
masked
(bot.).
marginal (mar'jmal)
carpels
like structure in
psalte-
cyst
MAS-
176
(zool.).
mastigium
n.
(mastij'ium)
[Gk.
defenmastigion, little whip.]
sive posterior lash of certain insect
larvae (zool.}.
mastigobranchia (mas'tlgobrang'kla)
n.
[Gk. mastigion, little whip
brangchia,
gills.]
The
epipodite of
MAS-
mem-
mastoid (mas'toid)
a.
[Gk. mastos,
breast; eidos, resemblance.] Nippleshaped
appl. a process of the
temporal bone, also cells, foramen,
;
fossa,
notch
(anat.}.
mastoideosquamous
(mastoid'e'6-
eidos, like
a'lis) a.
;
masto-occipital (mas'to-oksip'ital) a.
[Gk. mastos, breast ; L. occiput, the
occiput.]
bone and
Pert, occipital
maxillary
(maksil'ari) a.
[L. maxilla,
Pert, or in the region of the
maxilla or jaw ; appl. artery, nerve,
vein
sinus,
process,
tuberosity,
jaw.]
(anaf.).
maxillifonn (maksil'Iform) a.
[L.
Like
maxilla, jaw forma, shape.]
;
a maxilla
(zool.}.
maxillipede (maksil'iped) n.
[L.
maxilla, jaw
pes, foot.] An appendage, in one, two, or three
;
Arthropods (zool.}.
a. [L.
maxillpdental (maksil'oden'tal)
maxilla, jaw
dens,
Pert.
tooth.]
mastoparietal
a.
(mas'topari'e'tal)
[Gk.
(zool.}.
(anaf.).
dib'ular) a.
[L. maxilla,
dibulum, jawj
the jaws of primitive Fishes pert.
maxilla and mandible (anaf.).
maxillopalatal (maksH'opaTatal) a.
the
maxilla, jaw
palatus,
[L.
;
mastotympanic (mas'totimpan'lk)
a.
palate.]
bones
(zool.}.
matrix
n.
mater,
(ma'triks)
[L.
The ground substance
mother.]
of connective tissue ; the part
beneath the body and root of the
nail
the uterus (anaf.) the body
upon which a Lichen or Fungus
;
grows
mattula
MEA-
177
(dot.).
(mat'ula) n.
The
maturation
formation
in
the polar
body
(cyt.}.
maxilla (maksU'a) n.
[L. maxilla,
jaw.] The jaw part of the upper
an
jaw beyond the premaxilla
appendage of most Arthropods
;
mandible, modified
in various ways in adaptation to
function and requirements (zool.).
posterior to the
of Birds
jaw and
Pert,
appl.
palatal
a maxillary process
(zool.}.
maxillopharyngeal
(maksirofarln'Gk.
maxilla, jaw
Pert,
lower jaw
pharynx, gullet.]
jeil)
a.
[L.
and pharynx
(anaf.).
maxillo-premaxillary (maksfl'6-pre'maksirari) a.
[L. maxilla, jaw ;
Pert, the whole of
pre, before.]
the upper jaw
appl. jaw when
maxilla and premaxilla are fused
;
(anat.}.
maxilloturbinal (maksH'otur'blnal)
maxilla, jaw
maxilla and
a.
whorl.]
turbinals
bone arising from the lateral
., a
wall of the nasal cavity which
supports the sensory epithelium
[L.
Pert,
turbo,
the
(anat.}.
maxillula (maksirula)
of maxilla, jaw.]
n.
dim.
maxilla
[L.
first
MEC-
The
Meckel, German anatomist.]
lower jaw of lower vertebrates, and
in the higher the axis round which
the membrane bones of the jaw are
arranged and formed (anat.}.
Meckel's rod or cartilage, Meckelian
rod or cartilage.
meconidium (mgk'onid'ium)
n.
[Gk.
mekon, poppy.]
late extracapsular
media (me'dia).
mediastinal
MED-
178
(me'dias'tmal,
-astl'nal)
(anat.}.
mediotarsal (me'diotar'sal)
medius, middle
tarsus,
;
[L.
ankle.]
line.
medithorax (me'ditho'raks)
medius, middle
thorax
n.
[L.
The
breast.]
(zool.}.
medium (me'dmm)
tissue (anat.}
medulla
cord
(anat.}.
medullary
pith.]
the
medulla
appl.
axis,
artery,
lamina,
(anat.}.
canal or cavity,
the
hollow cylindrical portion of a long
bone containing marrow (anat.}
the neurocoel (emb.}.
medullary groove, a groove on the
surface of the medullary plate,
bounded by folds which, growing
up, coalesce and convert the groove
into a canal
the neurocoel (emb.}.
medullary keel, a down ward growth
towards the archenteron, the rudiment of the central nervous system
medullary
in the
a thick subcortical
layer of the thallus of some Lichens
medullary layer,
(bot.}.
medullary
formation
(anat.}.
mediostapedial (me'diostape'dial) n.
[L. medius, middle stapes, stirrup.]
a.
plate,
of
the
plate-like
ectoderm
cells
MED.
(**}
stems (dot.) ; a layer of white
material
glistening
surrounding
the axis cylinder of a medullated
nerve-fibre (zool.).
medullated
(mgdula'tSd)
a.
[L.
medullated nerve-fibres,
the fibres
of the white part of the brain and
spinal cord, consisting of an axiscylinder or neuraxis of primitive
surrounded by medullary
sheath, which is in turn covered by
a delicate membrane, the neurifibrillae,
lemma
(anat.).
medullispinal (mgdul'ispi'nal)
medulla, pith
the
spina,
a.
[L.
spine.]
medusome
n.
(mSdu'som)
[Gk.
Medousa, Medusa
soma, body.]
A name given to the medusoid
stage in the life-history of Obelia
;
n.
[Gk.
megas, large gametes, a spouse.]
A rounded cell regarded as an
ovum or its equivalent developed
from a megagametocyte after a
process akin to maturation (zool.).
;
megagametocyte
(mgg'agame'toslt)
[Gk. megas, large ; gametes, a
A cell
spouse
kytos, hollow.]
developed from a merozoite, and
itself giving rise to a megagamete,
frequently requiring transference
to another host before its development can proceed (zool.).
;
megakaryocyte
n.
(meg'akar'ioslt)
large ; karyon, nut ;
hollow.]
giant-cell of
marrow with one large annular
lobulated
nucleus, containing a
number of nucleoli (anat.).
[Gk.
(meYaleVthets)
aistheti-
Sensory organs,
sometimes in the form of eyes in
the Placophora (zool.).
megaloblast (meg'aloblast) n. [Gk.
kos,
perceptive.]
blastos, bud.J
megalon, great
large erythroblast (anat.).
;
megalogonidlum (mgg'alogonTd'Ium)
n.
[Gk.
megalon,
great
gonos,
offspring.]
large gonidium (dot.).
megalopa (mfig'alo'pa). Megalops.
megaloplc
a.
(mgg'alop'ik)
megalon, great ;
longing to the
ops,
[Gk.
Be-
eye.]
megalops
stage
(zool.).
megalopore
(meg'alopor) n.
[Gk.
megalon, great poros, a channel.]
in
the
dorsal
pore
plates in
Chiton for placing a megalaesthete
in direct communication with the
;
exterior
(zool.).
megalops
(me'g'alops) n.
Gk
meg-
larval
great ; os, eye.]
stage of certain Crustaceans, as
stalked
crabs, conspicuous by large
eyes (zool.).
alon,
megalospherlc
[Gk.
megalon,
globe.]
a.
(mgg'alosfgr'ik)
great ; sphaira, a
Of polythalamous Foramin-
megamere (meg'amer)
n. [Gk. megas,
One of the
large ; meros, part.]
large cells formed after the primary
divisions of a developing ovum
(emb.\
(zool.).
megagamete (mgg'agamet)
kytos,
megalaesthetes
plu.
n.
MEG-
179
megas,
meganucleus (mgg'anu'kleus)
n. [Gk.
L. nucleus, kernel.]
;
larger nucleus, or vegetative
nucleus, of the Infusoria (zool.).
megas, large
The
megasclere
n.
(mSg'askler)
megas, large
skleros,
[Gk.
hard.]
the general
supporting framework, as opp. a
microsclere (zool.).
skeletal
of
spicule
megasporangium (me'g'asporanjium)
n.
sporos,
megaspore
megas,
(me'g'aspor)
sporos,
great
of
n.
seed.]
[Gk.
dimorphic
larger-sized spore
forms in reproduction by sporeformation (zool.) the larger spore
;
MEG-
a seed plant
(bot.}.
megasporophyll
(meg'aspo'rofil)
n.
developing megasporangia
megatherm (meg'atherm)
great
megas,
(bot.}.
n.
[Gk.
therme, heat.]
megazooid
Algae
glands of the
eyelid with a sebaceous secretion
(anat.}.
(ml'ofil'I) n.
[Gk. melon,
phyllon, leaf.] The suppression of one or more leaves in
a whorl (bot.}.
;
meiostemonous
(ml'ostem'onus) a.
[Gk. melon, smaller ; stemon, a spun
thread.]
Having fewer stamens
than petals or sepals (hot.}.
meiotaxy (ml'otak'si) n. [Gk. melon,
;
pression
taxis,
of a
organs (bot.}.
meiotic (mlot'fk) a.
[Gk. melon,
smaller.] Appl. reduction division,
which see also maiotic (cyt.}.
Meissner's
plexus, a
gangliated
plexus of nerve fibres in the submucous coat of the small intestine
;
n.
sucking (zool.}.
mellivorous (meliv'orus)
a.
[L. mel,
member
(mem'ber)
n.
[L.
membrum,
n.
[L.
mem-
n.
kytos,
n.
[Gk. melas,
A black
hollow.]
pigmented lymphocyte
melanospermous
(phys.}.
(ineTandsper'iniis) a.
membrane
(anat.}.
membranella (mem'branel'a)
n.
[L.
A flapping
membrana, membrane.]
Excessive development of
black pigment in skin or bodycovering (biol.}.
black.]
melanocyte (mel'anosit)
membrane
[Gk. me/as,
cf.
zoin (phys.}.
melanism (mel'anTzm)
(biol.}.
membranaceous (mem'brana'shus) a.
Of the
[L. membrana, membrane.]
haemo-
[Gk. melas,
black;
producing (bot.}.
melliphagous (melif'agus) a. [L. mel,
honey Gk.phagein, to eat.] Feeding on honey (zool.}.
mellisugent (mel'Isu'jent) a. [L. mel,
honey sugere, to suck.] Honey-
membraniferous (mem'branif'erus) a.
[L. membrana, membrane
ferre,
to carry.]
Enveloped in or bearing a membrane.
(j>hys.\
melanin (mel'anln)
black.]
a.
[Gk. melas,
black.]
Having black pigment unusually developed.
melliferous (melif'erus) a. [L. mel,
honey ; ferre, to carry.] Honey-
meiophylly
smaller
melanotlc (meTanot'ik)
membrana (membra'na)
(bot.}.
Meibomian glands,
smaller
MEM-
180
like.]
Resembling membrane.
membranous (mem'branus)
membrana,
membrane.]
a.
[L.
Resem-
membranous cranium,
mesenchy-
MEMties
by perilymph, and
taining
endolymph
con-
itself
mensa
column,
membranula
(me'mbran'ula) n,
[L.
dim. of membrana, membrane.]
concrescence of cilia, as in certain
Infusoria
(zoo/.).
membranule (mgm'branul)
n.
[L.
(zoo/.).
factor
or
law,
pert,
character which behaves according to the results of Mendel's
Mendellan,
experiments.
Mendellsm, a law or rule governing
the inheritance of characters in
plants and animals discovered by
This principle
Gregor Mendel.
deals with the inheritance of " unit
characters," the presence or absence of one or other of a pair of
It
also
contrasting characters.
shows that the offspring of organisms with a pair of contrasting
characters will be produced in a
ratio.
From
more
this
law we
correct
and
definition of "purity of
a breed." It may be extended to
deal with groups of characters.
scientific
meningeal
and knee
(ana/.).
membranous vertebral
definite
MER-
181
(mgn'Inje'al, mgnm'jeal) a.
joints (anat.}.
n.
[L.
(m&n'sa)
table.]
The chewing
mensa,
surface of a
tooth.
menstruation
(men'strooa'shun)
the
female
reproductive
organs,
mental
chin
appl. foramen, nerve,
spines, tubercle, muscle (anat.}
mentum
the
of insects ; apj>L
pert,
scale or plate of fish and of reptile
the
(anat.}.
mentigerous (me'ntij'e'rus) a.
[L.
mentum, chin gerere, to carry.]
;
mentum
(zoo/.).
mentomeckelian (me'n'tome'ke'lian) a.
Ger. Meckel,
[L. mentum, chin
;
Appl. a
comparative anatomist.]
cartilage bone present in a few
lower vertebrates at either side of
the union of the two halves of the
lower jaw (zoo/.).
mentum (mgn'tum) n. [L. mentum,
an unchin.] The chin (anat.}
divided mouth-part of Insects, continuous with submentum or gula
;
and posterior
pods (zoo/.).
mericarp (meYikarp)
n.
[Gk. meros,
one-seeded
(**}
meninges
mater (anat.}.
meningosis (mgn'ingo'sis) n.
[Gk.
Attachmeninx, a membrane.]
ment by means of membranes.
meningo-spinal (mening'go-spl'nal) a.
merism (meYizm)
(me'nin'jez) n. plu.
[Gk.
meninx, a membrane.] The three
membranes enclosing the brain and
spinal cord, from without inwards
the dura mater, arachnoid and pia
[Gk.
meninx,
spine.]
spina,
cord membranes
membrane
Pert,
the
L.
spinal
(anat.}.
menisci
(mgnis'kus) n.,
[Gk. meniskos, a
moon.] Interarticular fibro-
meniscus
(mgnts'kl) plu.
little
exposed
open
(zoo/.).
"A
n.
repetition
logous parts."
part.]
[Gk.
of
meros,
homo-
merismatic
[Gk.
(meYfzmat'ik) a.
Dividing
merismos, a partition.]
or separating into cells or segments ; consisting of meristem, as
merismatic tissue (oof.).
Gk.
merismoid (mgrlz'moid) a.
merismos, partition ; eidos, like.]
MER-
meristele (mer'istel)
n.
[Gk. meros,
A separate
part ; stele, pillar.]
of
stem
a
monostelic
passing
part
outwards from stele to leaves ; the
branch of a stele supplying a leaf
meristem
n.
[Gk.
Tissue formed
of
division, as
capable
merisfound at growing points
matic or meristematic tissue (bot.}.
(meYistgrn)
meristes, a divider.]
of cells
all
merlstematic (mgr'istemat'Ik) a.
meristes, a divider.]
sisting of meristem
cells of
[Gk.
Pert, or conappl.
growing point
tissue,
merismatic
(bot.).
(biol.).
meristogenetic
(me'ris'tqje'ne't'ik)
a.
merithallus
n.
(me'rlthal'us)
meros, part
thallos,
An
young
[Gk.
shoot.]
internode (bot.).
the horny floating
or fixed egg-envelope of skates and
sharks (zool.).
mermaid's purse,
meroblastic (mer'oblas'tik)
meros, part
blastos,
a.
bud.]
[Gk.
Appl.
thigh
keras,
horn.]
The
segment of crustacean
fourth
antennae
(zool.).
merocyte
n.
(mer'oslt)
[Gk. meros,
nucleus
part ; kytos, hollow.]
lying in the yolk, directly below
the blastoderm in a meroblastic
ovum
(cyt.).
merogastrula
MER-
182
n.
(mer'ogaVtroola)
[Gk. meros, part ; dim. of gaster,
The
formed
gastrula
stomach.]
from a meroblastic ovum (zool.).
orogenesis (meVoje'n'e'sis) n. [Gk.
meros, part
gigncsthai, to produce.]
mouth-part
(zool.).
merogony
meromorphosis
(zool.).
meront
(mSront') n.
[Gk. meros,
part ; ons, being.] A uninucleate
schizont-stage in Neosporidia succeeding the planont-stage, which
multiplies by fission (zool.).
meroplankton (mer'oplang'kton) n.
meros,
part ;
[Gk.
plangktos,
Plankton living only
wandering.]
near
the
surface
part-time
(bot.,
zool.).
meropodite
n.
(merop'odit')
[Gk.
The
meros, thigh ; pous, foot.]
fourth segment of a thoracic appendage in the Crustacea (zool.).
meros
The
(me'rfis) n.
[Gk. meros, thigh.]
fourth segment of a crustacean
appendage (zool.).
merosomatous (meVosom'atus)
a.
merosome (mer'osom)
n.
[Gk. meros,
soma, body.] A body segor
metamere
ment, somite,
(zool.).
merosthenic (me'rosthe'n'ik) a. [Gk.
meros, thigh ; sthenos, strength.]
With unusually developed hindlimbs (zool.).
part
merotomy (merot'dmi)
n.
[Gk. meros,
merozoite
(mer'ozo'it) n.
[Gk. meros,
part
zoon, animal.]
cell, the
in
of
a
schizont
division-product
Sporozoa
merozoon
(zool.).
(mer'6zo'8n) n.
[Gk. meros,
MERA
merus
(me'rus) n.
Meros, which
see.
cells,
mesarch (meVark)
a.
[Gk. mesos,
by metaxylem (bot.\
mesaxonic (meYakson'lk)
a.
[Gk.
mesos, middle
axon, axis.] With
the line dividing the foot, passing
up the middle digit (zool.).
;
The
head.]
mid-brain,
mesenchyma
mesas,
in.]
(me'se'ng'kima) n.
engchein, to
middle
A mass
[Gk.
pour
of tissue, intermediate
chyma.
mesenterlal
mez'e'nte'rl) n.
mesocolon (anat.) ; a muscular partition, complete or incomplete, extending inwards from the bodywall in Coelenterates
Mesen-
(mgse'ng'klm).
part.]
meYgnte'-
gut.]
The epimeron
thorax of an insect
(me'se'th'moid) a.
[Gk.
mesos, middle ; etJimos, sieve ; eidos,
Between the two ectethmoid
like.]
bones ; appl. ethmoid plate of
cranium when
it
ossifies
brates
mesiad
(me'zlid) adv.
[Gk. mesos,
Towards or near the
middle.]
middle plane.
mesial (me'ziai) a. [Gk. mesos, middle.]
In the middle vertical or longitudinal plane.
meslan
a.
(me'zlan)
middle.]
[Gk.
mesos,
n.
[Gk.
Mesial.
mesoarlum
(mSs'oa'rlum)
mesos, middle
mesobenthos
(mes'obe'n'thSs) n.
;
(zool., bot.).
mesoblast (mes'oblast)
[Gk. mesos,
middle blastos, bud.] The mesoderm or middle layer of an embryo
.
Mesoblast.
mesoblastlc (mes'oblas'tlk)
position (anat.).
mesenterium
(me's'e'nte'rTum,
n.
(emb.).
(mes'oblaste'ma).
a.
[Gk.
meY-
mesenterium, a
mesentery.] A mesentery.
mesenteron (me'se'n'te'rSn) n.
[Gk.
gnte'rium)
[Gk.
middle
benthos, depths.]
The animal and plant life of the
sea-bottom when the depth is between 100 fathoms and 500 fathoms
mesoblastema
(zool.).
(anat.)
mesenterlole
of the meso-
(zool.).
mesethmoid
mesos,
(me's'e'nte'rlal,
(zool.).
A mesovarium.
of a gastrula (emb.).
mesenchyme
endoderm (zool.).
mesentery (me's'e'nte'r!,
mesamoeboid (meVame'boid)
kephale,
MES-
183
[L.
mesobranchial
[Gk.
gills.]
(mes'bbrang'klal) a.
mesos, middle
brangchia,
Pert, the middle gill-region,
;
as in Crustacea
mesobronchus
[Gk.
mesos,
(zool.).
.
(mes'obrSng'kus)
middle
brongchos.
;
MES-
beyond the
ventricle
it
gives rise
mesocaecum (mes'ose'kum)
mesos, middle
L.
n.
caecus,
[Gk.
blind.]
the
caecum (anat.).
mesocardium (mes'okar'dlum) n. [Gk.
mesos, middle
-
An embryonic
mesentery binding
mesodermal (mes'oder'mal)
a.
[Gk.
derma, skin.] Pert.
derived or developing from meso-
mesos, middle
derm (emb.).
mesodesm (mes'odezm)
n.
[Gk. mesos,
Part of the
mesodont (mes'6d8nt)
a.
[Gk. mesos,
odous, tooth.] Appl. stagbeetles having a medium development of mandible projections (zoo/.).
middle
mesogaster (mes'ogas'te'r) n.
[Gk.
mesos, middle gaster, belly.] The
mesentery proper, or fold of peritoneum supporting the stomach
;
(anat.).
(anat.).
(anat.).
mesogastrium
n.
(mes'ogas'trium)
[Gk. mesos, middle gaster, belly.]
;
mesochilium (mes'okil'ium) n.
mesos, middle cheilos, a lip.]
;
[Gk.
The
(bot.).
mesocoel (mes'osel) n.
[Gk. mesos,
middle koilos, hollow.] The second
of three main parts of the coelom
of Molluscs (zoo/.).
mesocolic (mes'okol'ik) a. [Gk. mesos,
middle kolon, the large intestine.]
Pert, the mesocolon
appl. lymph
glands (anat.).
mesocolon (mes'oko'lon) n.
[Gk.
mesos, middle kolon, the large inA
or
fold
of
mesentery
testine.]
peritoneum attaching the colon to
;
abdomen
mesohydpophytic
a.
(anat.).
of certain Fishes
(zoo/.).
mesoderm (mes'odgrm)
;
(emb.).
MES-
184
[Gk.
mesos,
(mes'ohl'droflt'ik)
middle
hydor,
centre (emb).
mesology
(mes81'ojT) n.
[Gk.
mesos,
middle
Biologos, discourse.]
nomics the relation between organism and environment.
;
mesomere (mes'omer)
middle
n.
meros, part.]
[Gk. mesos,
The middle
or protovertebra (emb.).
MES-
MES-
185
mesometrium
(mes'ome'trium) n.
[Gk. mesos, middle ; metra, uterus.]
The mesentery of uterus and connecting tubes (anat.).
plasmic elements
cf.
The
mesoplankton
(mes'6plang'kt6n) n.
middle
plangktos,
[Gk. mesos,
animal and
Floating
wandering.]
plant life from a hundred fathoms
;
metamltosis
(emb.).
mesomyodian
(mes'dmlo'dlan) a. [Gk.
middle ; ntys, a muscle.]
with
muscles of syrinx
birds
Appl.
attached to middle of bronchial
downwards.^
mesoplast (mes'oplast) n. [Gk. mesos,
middle plastos, moulded.] A cell
semi-rings
mesos,
(zoo/.}.
nucleus
[Gk. mesos,
plane, or
it (zool.).
(zool.).
mesopleuron (mes'oploo'rSn)
[Gk.
A
mesos, middle
gleura, side.]
lateral part of an insect mesothorax
.
mesonephridium
(cyt.).
(zool.).
(mes'one'frfd'ium) n.
(zool.).
mesopodlal (mes'opo'dlal) a.
mesos, middle
pous, foot.]
a mesopodium (bot., zool.).
from mesoblast
mesopodium (mes'opo'dlum)
(zool.).
mesonephros (mes'6neTr5s)
n.
[Gk.
mesos,
;
nephros, kidney.]
The intermediate part of the excretory organ in vertebrate embryos
it becomes the functional kidney
in lower
Craniata, it atrophies
in the higher forms (zoo/.) ; the
Wolffian body (anat.).
middle
mesonotum
(mes'ono'tum)
n.
[Gk.
thorax
(zool.).
mesoparapteron (mes'6'parap'tSron) n.
[Gk. mesos, middle para, beside
;
petalon, a petal.]
or lip of an orchid
middle
The labellum
middle
mesos,
pous,
n.
[Gk.
foot.]
The
luscan foot
(zool.).
mesopraescutum
(mes'opresku'tum)
[Gk. mesos, middle ; L. prae,
before ; scutum, a shield.]
The
praescutum of mesothorax in Insects
n.
(zool.).
mesopterygium
(mes'6pt6rij'Ium)
mesophragma (mes'ofrag'ma) n.
mesos, middle
[Gk.
phragma, a fence.]
A chitinous piece descending into
interior of insect body with postscutellum for base (zool.).
mesophryon (mesofrion) n.
[Gk.
mesos, middle ophrys, an eyebrow.]
The elevated median head-region
of Trilobites (Pal.).
raesophyll (mes ofil) n. [Gk. mesos,
;
n.
mesopterygoid (mes'5pt6rTgoid) n.
[Gk. mesos, middle ;pteryx, a wing
The middle
eidos, resemblance.]
of three pterygoid bone elements of
;
Teleosts
the ectopterygoid
mesorchium (mes&r'klum)
(bot.).
[Gk.
Pert.
mesos, middle
The
testis,
(zool.).
n.
[Gk.
orchis, a testicle.]
supporting the
attached to dorsal abdominal
mesentery
wall in
pensory
mammalian embryos
in adult
Fishes
sus-
(zool.).
mesorectum
(mes'b'rgk'tum) n.
[Gk.
L. rectus, straight.]
mesos, middle
The mesentery supporting the
;
rectum (anat.).
mesorhlnal (mes'ori'nal)
a.
[Gk.
MES-
Be-
middle
rhts, nose.]
tween the nostrils (zool.).
mesos,
mesorhinium (mes'orm'fum)
n.
[Gk,
The
The
blade.]
scapular
spine
(anat.).
mesoscutellum
n.
(mes'oskuteTum)
mesothorax
n.
[Gk.
soma, body.]
[Gk. mesos,
The middle
mesosperm (mes'ospgrm)
n.
[Gk.
mesosporium
Cystidea
mesosternum
(emb.).
mesostethium
stethos,
the
mesosternum
(zool.).
(mes'osti'lus) a.
[Gk.
mesostylous
mesos, middle
stylos, pillar.]
Hav-
mesotarsus (mes'otar'sus) n.
[Gk.
L. tarsus, anklemesos, middle
;
middle-limb tarsus of
insects (zool.).
mesothecium (mes'othe'sium, -shium)
n.
[Gk. mesos, middle ; theke, cup.]
The middle investing layer of an
joint.]
anther-sac
(bot.).
n.
[Gk.
(anat.).
mesotherm (mes'othgrm)
n.
[Gk.
mesos, middle ; therme, heat.J
in
heat
a
moderate
plant thriving
(bot.).
thorax
(zool.).
mesothorax (mes'otho'raks)
n.
[Gk.
mesos, middle
mesotriaene (mes'otri'en) n.
[Gk.
mesos, middle
triaina, a trident.]
;
An
(zool.).
mesotrochal (mesot'rokal) a.
[Gk.
middle
mesos,
trochos,
wheel.]
an
annulate
larva
with
circlet
Appl.
of cilia round the middle of the
body (zool.).
;
mesotympanic
(zool.).
mesosternebra (mes'oste'r'ne'bra) n.
[Gk. mesos, middle sternon, breastbone.]
connective tissue
(zool.}.
mesosoma (mes'oso'ma) n.
middle
middle
mesos,
mesothelium (mes'othe'lium)
(zool.).
mesoscutum (mes'osku'tum)
[Gk.
chest.]
insect's
MES-
186
(mes'oste'thlum)
n.
(mes'otimpan'Ik) a.
[Gk. mesos, middle ; tympanon, a
The symplectic ; one of
drum.]
the bones in the suspensory apparatus of the lower jaw in Fishes
(zool.).
mesovarlum
(mes'ova'rium) n. [Gk.
L. ovarium, an
mesos, middle
The mesentery of the
ovary.]
;
ovary
Fishes
suspensory
mesentery of
(zool., anat.).
mesoventral (mes'ovgn'tral)
a.
[Gk.
MES-
MET-
187
L. venter, belly.]
mesas, middle
In the middle ventral region.
;
metacoel
(mgt'asel) n.
[Gk. meta,
hollow.] The third
posterior part of the coelom
after
and
of Molluscs
[Gk.
n.
[Gk. meta,
The posteroexternal cusp of an upper molar
Condition
organism lives only
has prepared its
bios, life.]
in which one
after another
able
n.
(met'ablo'sis)
me/a, after
chemical
appl.
in
occurring
living
[Gk. meta,
Changechanges
organism
;
metamorphosing (biol.\
metabolln (metab'olin) n. [Gk. metaA product of metabole, change.]
bolism (phys.}.
metabolism (metab'ollzm) n. [Gk.
metabole, change.] The chemical
change, constructive and destrucoccurring in living organisms
tive,
(biol.).
metabranchial
a.
(mgt'abrang^kTal)
[Gk. meta, after brangchia, gills.]
or in the
region of the
posterior gill region (zoo/.).
metacarpal (mgt'akar'pal) a.
[Gk.
meta, after ; L. carpus, the wrist.]
Pert, the metacarpus ; appl. bones,
;
Pert,
metacarpophalangeal
falan'jeal) a.
[Gk.
L. carpus, wrist ;
series.]
(mgt'akar'pometa, after;
Gk.
phalanx,
Appl. the articulations be-
meta,
The
after ;
skeletal
L.
part
between wrist
sisting
of five
n.
[Gk.
wrist.]
carpus,
of the hand
and
fingers,
con-
cylindrical bones
(anat.).
metachromatinic grains,
chroma-
metachrosis (met'akro'sis)
n.
[Gk.
meta, after
chrosis,
colouring.]
to
colour
Ability
change
by expansion of pigment cells, as in some
Fishes and Reptiles (zoo/.).
;
metacneme
(meYaknem)
n.
[Gk.
kneme, the tibia.] A
secondary mesentery of Zoantharia
meta, after
(tool.).
(tool.)
(meYako'nul) n.
[Gk.
The
meta, after ; konos, cone.]
posterior secondary cusp of an
upper molar
metacoracoid
(zoo/.).
(met'akSr'akoid)
n.
meta,
;
korax, crow ;
resemblance.] The posterior
part of the coracoid (zoo/.).
metacromion (mSt'akro'mlon) n. [Gk.
meta, after ; akros, summit ; omos,
shoulder.]
posterior branchprocess of the acromion-process of
the scapular spine (zoo/.).
metadiscoidal
a.
(mgt'adiskoid'al)
[Gk. meta, after ; diskos, a quoit ;
after
[Gk.
eidos,
dromos, a
running.]
midrib
(bot.).
metaesthetism
n.
(metgs'thgtlzm)
;
aisthetos, perThe
the senses.]
doctrine that " consciousness is a
product of the evolution of matter
[Gk.
(anat.).
metacarpus (mgt'akar'pus)
konos, cone.]
blance.]
(biol.}.
ballein, to throw.]
;
;
(zoo/.).
metacone (met'akon)
after
metabiosis
koilos,
and
after
meta,
ceptible
by
force."
metagastric (met'agas'trlk)
a.
[Gk.
meta, after ; gaster, belly.] Pert.
the posterior gastric region (zoo/.).
metagastrula (m&t'agas'troola) n.
[Gk. meta, after ; gaster, belly.]
modified form of gastrula (zoo/.).
metagenesis (mgt'ajen'gsis) n.
[Gk.
meta, after ; genesis, descent.] Alternation of generations, which see.
metakinesis (met'Skine'sIs) n.
[Gk.
meta, after kinein, to move.] The
middle stage of mitosis, during which
the chromosomes are grouped in
;
metaloph
(met'alof)
(cyt.}.
n.
[Gk.
meta,
MET-
The posterior
crest of a molar, uniting metacone,
metamere (mSt'amer)
after
meros,
part.]
body
segment (zoo/.).
metameric (m 6 t'amg r'lk) a. [Gk. me fa,
after meros, part.] Pert, metamer;
ism or segmentation
(zool.}.
metamerism (mStam'Srizm)
meta, after
condition of
meros,
n.
[Gk.
The
part.]
body divided up
segments more or
zonal
segmentation
into
mented
product
n.
[Gk.
peptos, cooked.]
the action of gastric
metaphase (meYafaz)
n.
[Gk. meta,
phainein, to appear.] The
stage in mitosis in which the
chromosomes are split up in the
after
equatorial plate
(cyt.}.
symmetry
(me'ta'm'e'rizd)
;
meros,
a.
[Gk.
Seg-
part.]
[Gk. meta,
Dis-
bear.]
(bot.}.
n.
mitos, thread.]
[Gk.
Mitosis
mesomitosis.
;
metamps
(me'tamp's,
me'tamps)
n.
plu.
[Gk. meta, after
morphe,
Different forms of the same
form.]
species, as in certain Sponges (zool.}.
;
metanauplius (mgt'anop'lius).
[Gk.
meta, after L. nauplius, a kind of
The larval stage of
shell-fish.]
Crustacea succeeding the nauplius
stage (zool.}.
metanephric (meYaneTrik) a. [Gk.
meta, after
nephros, a kidney.]
Pert, or in the region of the hind;
(emb.}.
metanephros
(m6t'angf'r6s) n.
[Gk.
nephros, a kidney.]
behind
the
organ arising
;
it
the
fully-
functional kidney of
developed amniotes (zool.}.
as
metanotum
(mgt'ano'tum) n.
[Gk.
The
meta, after ; noton, back.]
notum or tergum of the metathorax of Insects (zool.}.
metanucleus
(me't'anu'kleus) n.
[Gk.
meta, after ; L. nucleus, a kernel.]
term appl, by Haecker to the
[Gk.
The
(bot.}.
[Gk.
meta, after
phragma, a fence.]
internal metathoracic septum
in Insects (zool.}.
;
An
metaphyte
(mgt'afit) n.
after
phyton, plant.]
cellular plant (bot.}.
metaplasia
[Gk. meta,
A multin.
(met'apla'zia)
[Gk.
after
moulding.]
plasis,
Conversion of tissue from one
form to another, as in ossification
meta,
metaplasia
meta,
(phys.}.
after
metamorphosis (mgt'amor'fbsis) n.
[Gk. meta, beyond morphe, form.]
Change of form and structure undergone by an animal from embryo to
change
(mgt'aflo'gm) n.
meta, after
phloos, bark.]
of
phloem
secondary xylem
metaphragma (mSt'afr&g'ma) n.
in
of
placement of organs
(zool.}.
meta, after
meta,
after
meta,
metaphery (mgtaf'grl)
beyond pherein, to
metamitosis (mSt'Smito'sis)
The
metapeptone (met'apep'ton)
metaphloem
after
kidney
less alike
(zool.}.
metamerized
meta,
MET-
188
n.
(metap'lasts)
[Gk.
after ;
moulding.]
plasis,
The mature
period in the
an individual
metaplasm
life
of
(phys.}.
n.
(mgt'aplazm)
[Gk.
meta, after
plasma, something
moulded.] The lifeless ingredients
of protoplasm, as opp. to the living
;
material
(cyt.}.
metaplastic (mgt'aplas'tik)
meta,
Pert,
after
plastos,
metaplasia
or
a.
[Gk.
moulded.]
metaplasm
(cyt.}.
or
metaplastic
bodies,
grains
granules of protoplasm which are
stages or products of metabolism
and not true protoplasm (cyt.}.
metapleural (met'aploo'ral)
a.
[Gk.
pleura, a side.] Possituated
teriorly and
laterally
pert, a metapleure or metapleuron
meta, after
(zool.}.
metapleure
meta, after
(meYaploor) n.
[Gk.
pleura, a side.] An
;
(zool.}.
metapleuron (mSt'aploor'Sn)
n.
[Gk.
MET-
metarachis
after
(zool.).
metapneustic
a.
(met'apnu'stik)
[Gk. meta, after pneuma, breath.]
larvae
with
insect
the
only
AppL
terminal pair of spiracles (zool.).
;
(met'askuteTum) n.
[Gk. meta, after L. scutellum, a
small shield.] The scutellum of an
;
metapodeum
metascutum
Meta-
(mfit'apo'deum).
thorax
(meYapo'dial) a.
[Gk.
meta, after pous, foot.] Pert, a
or
metapodeon
metapodium (zool.).
n.
n.
(mSt'asit'Izm)
[Gk.
The acmeta, after
sitos, food.]
quisition of a cannibalistic mode
of life (zool.).
;
[Gk.
after ; pous,
The
meta,
foot.]
posterior portion of a molluscan
the portion of the foot
foot
between tarsus and digits
in
four-footed
metaanimals, the
metasoma
(mSt'aso'ma)
[Gk. meta,
soma, body.] The posterior
body-region of Arachnids (zool.).
after
[Gk.
Pert.
(zool.).
metasperm
(met'aspe'rm) n.
[Gk.
meta, after spertna, seed.] A plant
having seeds in a closed ovary ; an
;
angiosperm (bot.).
metastasis (mgtas'tasis)
n.
[Gk.
meta, after stasis, standing.] Metabolism ; transference of function
;
The
channel.]
medial aperture in the roof of the
fourth ventricle of the brain
a
after ; scutellum,
a small
post,
The post-scutellum of
shield.]
an insect metathorax (zool.).
metapraescutum
(met'apresku'tum)
n. [Gk. meta, after L.prae, before
The praescutum
scutum, shield.]
of an insect meta-thorax (zool.).
;
a.
poros,
metasomatic (met'asomat'lk)
(zool.).
metasitlsm
metapodium (met'apo'dium)
metapterygium
(meYapte'rlj'ium) n.
[Gk. meta, after pterygion, a little
The
wing.]
posterior basal fincartilage or bone, either pectoral
;
(zool.).
metasternum (mgt'asteVnum)
meta, after
[Gk.
sternon, breast-bone.]
The sternum of insect metathorax ;
the posterior sternal part of Anura
the xiphoid or ensiform process,
the posterior part of the sternum
;
of higher vertebrates
(zool.).
a.
metasthenic (meYasthenlk)
meta,
after
[Gk.
sthenos,
With well-developed
strength.]
posterior part
metapterygoid
(mt'apter'fgoid) tt.
meta, after
pteryx, wing
The posterior
eidos, resemblance.]
of three pterygoid elements in
certain lower vertebrates (zool.).
[Gk.
The scutum
podeon.
(mSt'asku'tum) n. [Gk.
L. scutum, shield.]
of an insect meta-
after
meta,
metapodial
after
metascutellum
grow.]
MET-
189
METmetatarsal
(meYatar'sal) a.
[Gk.
meta, after ; L. tarsus, the ankle.]
In the region of the tarsus appl.
arteries, veins, etc. pert, the meta;
falan'jeal) a.
tarsus, ankle
[Gk.
me fa,
after
L.
foot (anat.}.
metatarsus
(met'atar'sus) n.
[Gk.
meta, after ; L. tarsus, ankle.] The
the
the
ankle
of
foot
between
part
and toes (anat.}.
rnetathalamus
(met'atharamus) n.
[Gk meta, after; thalamos, chamber.]
The geniculate bodies of the brain
(anat.}.
metathorax
(met'atho'raks) n.
[Gk.
meta, after ; thorax, the chest.] The
posterior segment of the thorax
of Insects
a.
[Gk.
trofihe, nourishment.]
Living on decaying organic matter
(meYatrof'ik)
meta, after
a globe.] A product
blood decomposition (phys.}.
of
globus,
metochy
n.
(met'oki)
a sharing.]
[Gk. metoche,
relationship be-
The
its
(zool.}.
metoecious (mSte'shus)
a.
metope (meYope)
n.
[Gk. meta,
Metoxenous
a house.]
; oikos,
or heteroecious (dot.}.
after
[Gk. metopon,
a.
[Gk. metopon,
metosteon (mStos'teon)
n.
[Gk. meta,
after ; osteon, bone.]
A posterior
sternal ossification in birds (zool.}.
metovum
cell
(meto'vum)
n.
[Gk. meta,
An eggsurroundedbynutritive material
after
L.
ovum, an egg.]
(cyt.}.
metoxenous (metok'sgnus)
(zool.}.
metatrophic
meta, after
sitic
a.
xenos, a guest.]
on different hosts
stages in life-history
[Gk.
Para-
at different
(dot.}.
n.
[L. dim. of mica,
morsel.] An ultimate supra-molecular unit of a cell.
See hypothetical units.
micella (miseTa)
(bot.}.
metaxylem
(mSt'azi'lem) n.
[Gk.
meta, after ; nylon, wood.] Secondary xylem with thick walled cells
micraesthetes
(t>ot.}.
metazoaea
after
MIC-
190
(mgt'azo'ea) n.
[Gk. meta,
larval stage of
zoe, life.]
(zool.}.
metazoon (mSt'azo'on)
n.
[Gk. meta,
A multicellu-
metencephalon (met'enkef'alon,
-sef-)
n.
metenteron
(meten'teron) n.
[Gk.
An
enteron, gut.]
meta, after
intermesenteric chamber of a seaanemone or other Coelenterate
;
(zopl.}.
The epimeron
thorax
of an insect meta-
(mlkres'thets) n. plu.
aesthetikos, per;
The
ceptive.]
smaller
sensory
logos, dis-
course.]
microcalthrops (ml'krokal'throps)
n.
microcentrum
centre.]
cell
The dynamic
centre of
composed of centrosomes
(cyt.}.
(zool.}.
metepisternum (met'e'pisteVnum) n.
[Gk. meta, after epi, upon sternon,
;
breast-bone.]
The episternum
an insect metathorax
of
(zool}.
haiina, blood
L.
n.
MIC-
(dot.).
mikros, small
The
kytos, hollow.]
enzyme of microphages
or smaller
mikros,
n. plu.
[Gk.
hollow.]
half the
kytos,
about
Blood-corpuscles
of erythrocytes, numerous in
diseased conditions (phys.).
size
microdont
(mfkrodont)
small
mikros,
odous,
a.
[Gk.
tooth.]
teeth
micront (mfkront)
small
n.
[Gk.
mikros, small ; gametes, a spouse.]
The smaller of two conjugant
gametes, regarded as male (zool.).
microgametocyte
(mfkrogame'toslt)
n.
[Gk. mikros, small ; gametes, a
A cell
spouse
kytos, hollow.]
developed from a merozoite in
certain Protozoa, and giving rise
to a microgamete (zool.).
;
microgamy (mlkrQg'amT)
n.
[Gk.
small
;
gamos, marriage.]
Syngamy between the smallest individuals, produced by fission or
gemmation, as in Foraminifers
mikros,
(zool.).
spring.]
small
gonos,
comparatively
n.
off-
small
small
A
meros, part.]
of the upper or animal hemisphere in meroblastic and other
mikros,
cell
eggs (emb.).
micromerozoite (ml'kromeYozoit)
n.
(zool.).
n.
mesos, middle
enteron, gut.]
secondary incomplete
mesentery in Zoantharia
(zool.).
sporidia
(zool.).
meganucleus (zool.).
micro-organism (mfkro-6r'ganizm)
/;.
[Gk.
mikros,
n.
an
[Gk. mikros, small ; organon,
instrument.]
microscopic organism ; a bacterium or microbe.
[Gk.
eat]
n.
(ml'krofa'jez)
small
mikros,
plu.
to
phagein,
Leucocytes possessing the
enzyme microcytase (phys.).
microphagocyte
(mi'krofag'oslt)
n.
a.
[Gk.
With
;
phyton, plant.]
scopic plant (bot.).
microphytology
discourse.]
microphytes
ology (bot.).
vegetable
small
n.
phyton, plant ;
The science of
micropodous (mikrSp'odus)
mikros,
micro-
(mfkrofltol'qjl)
bacteria.
pous, foot.]
[Gk.
With
[Gk. mikros,
small pyle, a gate.] The aperture
admission of pollen-tube at the
;
(mi'kron)
[Gk. mikros,
small cell
logos,
inicrogonidium (ml'krogonld'ium)
mikros,
n.
ons, being.]
microphages
(zool.).
microgamete (mfkrogamet')
micron
One-thousandth part of a
small.]
millimetre,
symbol M, used in
measurement of diameters of cor-
leucocytes (phys.).
[Gk.
MIC-
191
for
MIC-
angium
microstome
(mi'krostom) n.
[Gk.
mikros, small
stoma, mouth.] A
small opening or orifice (zool.).
;
microstylospore (ml'krostl'lospor)
(zool.).
microschizont
n.
(inl'kroshl'zont) n. [Gk.
mikros, small schizein, to cut.] A
male schizont of certain Protozoa
microstylous
(mi'krostl'lus) a.
[Gk.
mikros, small stylos, pillar.] Havshort
styles ; appl. heterostylous
ing
flowers (bot.).-
(zool.).
microsclere (ml'kroskler) n.
[Gk.
mikros, small skleros, hard.] One
of sponge spicules found lying
scattered
the
in
freely
microtherm
tissues
(inl'krotherm) n.
[Gk.
mikros, small
therme, heat.] A
plant of the north temperate zone
(zool.).
microseptum (ml'krosep'tum)
small
n.
[Gk.
L.
(bot.).
microtype
[Gk. mikros,
microsome
n.
(ml'krosom)
[Gk.
micros, small ; soma, body.] The
granule of protoplasm as opposed
to the ground-substance (cyt.).
microsphere
(mi'krotlp) n.
L. typus, type.]
The normal
arrangement of mesenteries in
Anthozoa (zool.).
microzooid (mi'kroz5'oid) n.
[Gk.
mikros, small zoon, animal eidos,
A free-swimming
resemblance.]
small
(Phys.).
(ml'krosfer)
sphaira,
mikros, small
ifera
microspor-
The
bear.]
(dot.).
microsporophyll (rm'krospo'rofll) n.
[Gk. mikros, small
sporos, seed
A microsporangiumphyllpn, leaf.]
leaf
(bot).
bearing
microsporozoite (ml'krospo'rozo'it) n.
[Gk. mikros, small
sporos, seed
A smaller endozoon, animal.]
of
genous sporozoite
Sporozoa(sw/.).
micros,
to
pherein,
spicule
MID-
192
n.
[Gk.
[Gk.
sphatra, a globe.]
Appl. Foraminifera when the initial
chamber of the shell is small
mikros, small
microzoospore
(ml'krozd'ospor)
n.
zoon, animal ;
[Gk. mikros, small
A small planogamete
(bot.); a small anisospore of Radio;
a globe.]
microspheric (mi'krosfgr'ik)
sporos, seed.]
larians (zool.).
(mi'krozl'ma)
microzyma
n.
[Gk.
small ; zyme, leaven.] A
biophore or idioblast,a hypothetical
ultimate unit (biol.).
mikros,
(zool.).
microsporangium(mi'krospdran'jium)
n. [Gk. mikros, small sporos, seed
A sporangium
anggeion, vessel.]
bearing a number of microspores
;
(bot.).
microspore
(mlkrospor) n.
[Gk.
mikros, small sporos, seed.] The
in
a
microsporspore developed
angium of heterosporous plants
a smaller anisospore of
(bot.) ;
;
Sarcodina (zool.).
microsporophore (ml'krospo'rofor)
[Gk. micros, small
n.
sporos, seed
small
zyme, leaven.]
micro-
ductus Sylvii
(anat.).
MID-
(bot.}.
midriff (mid'rif) n.
hrif, the belly.]
The diaphragm
or
between the
thoracic and abdominal cavities
muscular
partition
(anat., zool.}.
Miescher's tubes,
see
Ralney's
tubes.
migration
n.
(migra'shun)
[L.
migrare, to transfer.] Change of
according to climate or
food-supply, observable chiefly in
birds, also in reindeer, bats, certain
habitat,
migratory
cell,
an amoeboid
cell or
miliary
MIX-
193
Of
millet.]
The
mitochondria (mi'tokon'dria)
n. plu.
chondros, grain.]
of
Ergastoplasmic
granulations
protozoan
protoplasm ;
spheroa
rounded
mass
of
(zool.}
plasts
granules or fibrils near the nucleus
of pancreas cells (anat.}.
mitome
n.
[Gk. mitos,
The reticulum of cellprotoplasm, as opposed to groundsubstance (biol.}.
mltoschisis (mitos'krsls) n.
[Gk.
mitos, thread ; schizein, to cleave.]
Indirect nuclear division ; mitosis
thread.]
a.
[L. milium,
granular appearance
(mil'iar!)
of meirakion, a stripling.]
ciliated embryo or youngest
stage in the life-history of a Trematode (zool.}.
dim.
milt (milt)
The
[A.S.
tnilte,
the spleen.]
spleen.
The
or male
generative organ of Fishes.
mimetic (mfmgt'ik) a. [Gk. mimetikos,
n.
[Gk. mitos,
Indirect or karyokinetic
nuclear division, with chromosome-
(mito'sts)
thread.]
mitosis
soft
imitative.]
roe,
Appl.
animals
somes (cyt.}.
mitosome (mit'osom)
n.
[Gk. mitos,
thread
(biol.}.
mimic
v.
(mim'lk)
[Gk. mimikos,
To assume, usually for
imitating.]
protection, the habits, colour, or
structure
of another organism
(mim'ikri) n.
[Gk. mimikos,
imitative.]
Assumption of resemblance in colour or structure as a
foot.
Miocene
(ml'osen) a.
[Gk. melon,
kainos, recent.]
Appl. the
eleventh of the thirteen rocksystems, and belonging to the
Cainozoic or Tertiary group (pal.}.
less
miostemonous,
meiostemonous
body
spermatozoon
(zool.}.
a.
(mitot'ik)
Pert,
thread.]
mitosis
appl.
or
[Gk.
mitos,
produced
division,
by
figure,
phase (biol.}.
mitra (mi'tra) n.
[L. mitra, headA helmet-shaped part of
band.]
or corolla
the mitriform
pileus of certain Fungi (bot.}.
calyx
cells,
shaped.
(Art).
miracidium
body.]
(zool.}.
mimicry
soma,
(mTr'asTd'ium)
n.
[Gk.
mixipterysrium (mlk'sIpteYIj'Ium)
//.
MIX-
pterygion, a
clasper of
male Elasmobranchs, the medial
lobe of the pelvic fin (zool.}.
mixotrophic (mik'sotrofik) a. [Gk.
mixis, mixing; trephein, to nourish.]
Combining holophytic with saproobtaining
phytic nutrition (zool.}
part of the nourishment from an outside source
partly parasitic (bot.}.
mtxts, mixing
EGk.
ittle wing or fin.]
The
modiolus (modl'olus)
n. [L. modiolus,
The conical
small measure.]
central axis of the cochlea of the
ear (anat.}.
molar
(mo'lar) a.
[L. molere, to
grind.]
Adapted for grinding, as
appl. teeth
appl. certain buccal
;
glands
MON-
194
primary axis
alone
[Gk. monos,
A type of
a
single axis
upon
axon,
axis.]
built
spicule
(anat.}.
(bot.}.
monaxon (monak'son) n.
(zool.}.
monaxonic (mon'akson'ik)
a.
[Gk.
axon, axis.] Elonmonos, alone
gate appl. types of Protozoa with
one long body-axis (zool.}.
monembryonic (monem'brlon'ik) a.
(Phys.\
molecular layer, the external layer
[Gk. monos, alone embryon, foetus.]
of the cortex of cerebrum and cereProducing a single embryo at a
a layer of the olfactory
bellum
time (bot.}.
bulb (anat.}.
monergic (moner'jik) a. [Gk. monos,
molluscoid (molus'koid) a. [L. molalone
Having
energos, active.]
Gk. eidos, like.] Reone energid
litscus, soft
consisting of one
a
Mollusc
cell
nucleated
sembling
(bot.}.
charactetTsAc^
of a Mollusc (zool.}.
^imonilicorn (monil'ikorn) a. [L. monile,
monacanthid (mon'akan'thid) a. [Gk.
necklace
cornu, horn.]
Having
alone
antennae with appearance of a
monos,
akantha, (fhoftrf:^
With one row of ambulacral spines,
of beads (zool.}.
^rtain
'
as certain Starfishes
moniiiform
(zool.}.
monactinal
(monak'tlnal) a.
[Gk.
monos, alone ; aktis, ray.] Appl.
a monactine or single-rayed spicule
(zool.}.
uniaxial spicules
certain Sponges (zool.}.
ing
monad
only,
as
n.
(mo'nad)
Protozoan
primitive
(biol.}.
monadelphous (monadel'fus)
monos, single
a.
[Gk.
adelphos, brother.]
monandrous
(monan'driis)
[L.
[Gk. monas, a
organism or
a
flagellula form of
organic unit;
unit.]
a.
(monil'iform)
monile,
a.
[Gk.
monimostylic (mon'imostflik)
monimos, fixed
stylos,
;
a.
[Gk.
pillar.]
Having one
auricle
and
ventricle
(zool.}.
monocarp (mon'okarp)
alone
n.
karpos, fruit.]
carpic plant (bot.}.
;
[Gk. monos,
mono-
'
MONmonocarpellary (mon'okarpeTar!)
[Gk. monos, alone
monocarpic (mon'okar'pik)
monos, alone
once
[Gk.
Dying
monocarpous (mon'okar'pus)
a.
[Gk.
monos, alone karpos, fruit.] Having one ovary developed from the
;
(zool.).
monoecious
(mone'shus) a.
[Gk.
monos, single oikos, house.] With
male and female flowers on the
same plant with sex organs on
;
one gametophyte
rodite
(tot.)
hermaph-
(zool.).
monogamous (monog'amus)
a.
[Gk.
monos, single
gamos, marriage.]
Consorting with one mate only
;
(zool.).
monoganglionic
(zool.).
inonocerous (monos'grus) a.
monos, alone keras, horn.]
ing only one horn (zool.).
[Gk.
Hav-
monochasium (mon'oka'zTum) n.
monos, alone
cymose
[Gk.
chasis, division.]
inflorescence
main
with
branch
(tot.).
monocotyledonous
(monokot'ile'-
kotyledon,
(tot.).
monocrepid (mon'okrSp'id)
a.
[Gk.
monos, alone
krepis, foundation.]
a
formed
desma
by
secondary
Appl.
silica deposits on a monaxial spicule
;
[Gk.
[Gk. monos,
alone
L. oculus, eye.] A oneeyed animal, as certain Insects and
Crustacea (zool.).
monocyclic (mSn'osik'lik) a.
[Gk.
alone
monos,
kyklos,
circle.]
one
whorl
or
circular
Having
.
(biol.).
monodactylous
(mon'ogang'glionik)
monos, alone ; gangglion,
With
single
a.
stomach.]
gaster,
cavity
gastric
n.
[Gk.
monos, alone
genesis, descent.]
Asexual reproduction
the theory
;
*nos,
(biol.).
monogonoporous
(m6n'6g6n5p'6rus)
[Gk. monos, alone ; gonos, offspring ; poros, channel.] Having
one genital pore common to both
male and female organs, as in
certain Turbellarians (zool.).
a.
monogony
(monog'oni)
alone ; gonos,
Non-sexual
schizogony
reproduction
(biol.).
n.
[Gk.
offspring.]
;
asexual
monogynoecial
(mSn'ojme'shlal) a.
[Gk. monos, alone ; gyne, female
oikos, house.] Developing from one
pistil (tot.).
monogynous
[Gk.
(monqj'inus) a.
monos, alone gyne, female.] Having one pistil only (tot.) ; consorting with one female mate, of male
animals (zool.).
;
(mon'odak'tllus)
one
only
(zool.).
monos,
(zool.).
monocule (mon'okul)
structure
a.
monogenesis (mon'qjen'esis)
monochlainydeous (mon'oklamld'eus)
lobe
[Gk. monos,
;
odous, tooth.]
Having one
persistent tooth ; appl. the narwal
with one tusk ten or twelve feet
-sef-)
a.
donus)
monadelphous.
monodont (mon'6'dont) a.
long
(dot.).
gynoecium (bot.).
monocephalous (mon'okeTalus,
monodelphous,
alone
(bot.).
a.
karpos, fruit.]
a.
karpos, fruit.]
flower
MON-
195
MONmonohybrid
(mon'ohl'brid)
L. hybrida,
;
monos, alone
[Gk.
mongrel]
monophagous (monof'agus)
a.
[Gk.
monos, alone
phagein, to eat.]
one
kind
of
food
on
Subsisting
monolophous
(mon'olof'us) a.
[Gk.
monos, alone lophos, crest.] Appl.
spicules with one ray forked or
branched like a crest (zool.).
;
monomastigate, monomastigote.
monomastigote (mon'omas'tlgot)
(biol.).
monophyllous
a.
monomeniscous (mon'omems'kus)
a.
one segment
a.
[Gk.
meros, part.] Pert.
derived from one
monomerous (monom'erus)
a.
meros, part.]
;
sisting of one part only
flower-whorls (hot.).
monomial (mono'mlal) a.
name
one
L. notnen,
[Gk.
Con-
monos, alone
alone
appl.
name.]
a
Appl.
or designation consisting of
binomial
only
cf.
term
(biol.).
a.
(mon'omor'fik)
[Gk. monos, alone morphe, form.]
with
no
or
very slight
Developing
change of form from stage to stage,
as in certain Protozoa and Insects
;
polymorphic
(zool.)
a.
[Gk.
plakous, a flat cake.]
one plate only, of any par-
monos, alone
monoplacula (mon'oplak'ula)
n.
[Gk.
monos, alone plax, a flat plate.]
A single-layered placula (biol.).
monoplastic (mon'oplas'tik) a. [Gk.
monos, alone ; plastos, formed.]
;
[Gk. monos,
monomorphic
cf.
monoplacid (mon'oplas'id)
With
(biol.).
monomerosomatous(mon'6mer'6som'atus)
a.
(mon'dfl'odont)
[Gk. monos, alone
phyein, to
odous, tooth.]
Having
produce
only one set of teeth, the milk
dentition being absorbed in foetal
life or absent altogether (zool.).
;
monomeric (mon'omer'ik)
;
monophyodont
monos, alone
(mon'ofil'us) a.
[Gk.
monos, alone phyllon, leaf.] Havunifoliate
ing one leaf only
having a one-piece calyx (dot.).
;
mastis, whip.]
[Gk. monos, alone
Having a single flagellum, as
certain Protozoa (zool.).
part
MON-
196
n.
producing
monont (mon'ont)
foot.]
Branch-
all
main
lateral
as in the pine
branches develop,
(bot.).
monopyrenous
a.
(mon'opfre'nus)
[Gk. monos, alone pyren, kernel.]
Single-stoned, as a fruit (bot.).
monorhinal (mon'ori'nal) a.
[Gk.
monos, alone rhis, nose.] Having
only one nostril, as the Cyclostomes
;
(zool.).
monosiphonic
all
sepals
(mon'b'sifon'ik) a.
[Gk.
monos, alone siphon, a small pipe.]
the
tubes
of
a
hydrocaulus
Having
distinct from one another, as in
;
a.
MON-
MOR-
197
siphon, a small
single central
tube in the filament, as in certain
monothalamic
red Algae
Having a
pipe.]
(bot.}.
monospermous
a.
sperina, seed.]
n.
(mon'ospeYml)
sperma, seed.]
[Gk. monos, alone
Normal fertilization by the entrance
of one sperm only into an ovum
;
(emb.}.
(mon'ospondil'ik)
a.
intercentra
(zool.}.
(dot.}.
monothelious (mon'othe'llus)
a.
[Gk.
alone
female.]
monos,
thelys,
with
Appl. a female consorting
more than one male (biol.}.
;
monosporangium (mon'dsporan'jTum)
[Gk. monos, alone sporos, seed
A sporangium
anggeion, vessel.]
producing simple spores (bot.}.
monospore (mon'ospor) n. [Gk. monos,
alone sporos, seed.] A simple or
undivided spore (bot.}.
monosporous (monos'porus) a. [Gk.
monos, alone sporos, seed.] Having
only one spore or a simple spore
n.
monotocous
a.
(monot'oktis)
alone
monos,
tokos,
[Gk.
offspring.]
monotrophic (mon'otrof'ik)
(biol.}.
monostachyous
a.
(mon'ostak'ms)
[Gk. monos, alone stachys, a cornWith only one spike (bot.}.
ear.]
monostele (mon'ostel) n. [Gk. monos,
An axis
alone
stele,
column.]
stele when only one is the direct
continuation of the plerome (bot.}.
;
monostelic (mon'osteTik) a.
monos, alone stele, column.]
[Gk.
Hav-
monostichous
a.
(monos'tikus)
monos, alone
stichos, row.]
;
stigma, mark.]
[Gk. monos, alone
With one stigma only (bot.}.
monostylous (mon'osti'lus) a.
[Gk.
monos, alone stylos, pillar.] Having
one style only (bot.}.
monosy (mon'osl) n. [Gk. monos,
The separation of parts
alone.]
normally fused (biol.}.
;
monosymmetrical
(mon'osTmet'rikal)
syn, with
[Gk. monos, alone
Having only
metron, measure.]
one plane of bilateral symmetry
(bot.}.
thalamos,
single
monospondylic
a.
alone
monos,
Unilocular
chamber.]
[Gk.
(bot.}.
monospermy
[Gk.
(mon'ospeYmus)
One-seeded
(mon'othal'amik) a.
alone
thalamos,
manes,
chamber.]
Appl. fruits formed
[Gk.
a.
[Gk.
monos, alone trophe, nourishment.]
Subsisting on one kind of food
;
(btol.}.
monotype
alone
(mon'otlp) n.
L.
typus,
[Gk. monos,
A single
type.]
genus (biol.}.
monozoic (mon'ozo'ik)
alone
a.
zoon, animal.]
[Gk. monos,
Appl. archi-
on
(biol.}.
into
another,
in
regeneration
of
parts (zool.}.
morphology
n.
(morfol'qji)
[Gk.
morphe, form ; logos, discourse.]
The science of the form and structure of plants or animals, as distinct from consideration
of the
functions.
morphon
MORmorphosis
(m6r'fos!s,
morfo'sis)
n.
[Gk.
manner of development
organism (biol.}.
morphotic (morfot'ik)
phosis, a forming.]
a.
[Gk. morTissue-building
[L. morum, a
solid cellular globufirst result of ovum
the stage in de-
(mor'ula) n.
mulberry.]
lar mass, the
segmentation
velopment preceding the gastrula
;
stage (emb.}.
(morula'shun) n.
[L.
Morulamorum, a mulberry.]
formation by segmentation (emb.}.
morulit (mor'ulit) n. [L. morum, a
Nucleolus or karymulberry.]
morulation
osome (cyt.}.
motor (mo'tor)
n.
[L. mucus,
substance produced in
(mu'sllaj)
mucus.]
excessive (bot.}.
a cell which secretes
cell,
mucilage
mucilage (bot.}.
mucilaginous (mii'silaj'inus)
a.
[L.
(anat.}
slits
mucin
canals,
(boL\
(mu'sln) n.
[L.
mucus, mucus.]
movere, to
Pert, or connected with
move.]
movement ; appl. nerves (anat.,
a.
[L.
phys.}.
muciparous (musip'arus)
mucus, mucus
parere,
;
motor neurons,
nerve cells with
appendages and branches, concerned in the regulation of movement (anat.}.
motor ocull, the third cranial nerve
(anat.}.
a.
[L.
to beget.]
Mucus-secreting (phys.}.
mucocutaneous (mu'kokuta'neus) a.
mucus
cutis,
skin.]
[L. mucus,
Pert, skin and mucous membrane
;
(anat.}.
(anat.}.
mucoid (mu'koid) a.
mucus,
[L.
mucus
Gk. eidos, like.] Pert, or
caused by mucus or mucilage
;
motorium (moto'rium)
n.
Motor areas
[L. movere,
the part
of the nervous system where the
motorial sense is localized (phys.}.
to move.]
moult
mucilage
wall
(phys.}.
morula
MUC-
198
change.]
To cast or shed periodically the
outer covering, whether of feathers,
hair, skin, or horns (zool.}.
mouth part,
a head or mouth
appendage of Arthropods or Insects (zool.}.
mucific (musif'ik) a.
[L.
mucus ; facere, to make.]
mucus,
Mucus-
(phys.}.
mucosa (muko'sa) n.
A mucous
mucus.]
tissue
mucus,
[L.
membrane
(anat.}.
mucoserous (mu'kose'rus) a.
[L.
mucus
serum,
mucus,
whey.]
Secreting mucus and body fluid
;
mucous
mucus,
(mu'kus) a.
[L.
Secreting, containing, or
pert, mucus
appl. glands, sheaths,
certain granules
tissue (anat}.
mucro
(bot.}
(anat.}.
mucus.]
secreting (phys.}.
substance
the cells
degeneration
appl.
in
mucous membrane
a sharp
sharp point
an
organ
terminating
(mu'kro)
point.]
abruptly
n.
stiff
[L. mucro,
or
(biol.}.
mucronate (mu'kronat)
a.
[L.
mucro,
niferous.
mucronulate (mukron'ulat)
a.
[L.
MUC-
mucronule (mu'kronul)
Tipped with
[L.
German
and other
anatomist,
Miillers.]
Appl. eminence, fibres
(anat.} ;
corpuscles (bot.} ; larva
(zool.}.
multangular (multSng'gular)
a.
[L.
multangulum, respect-
multiarticulate
(mul'tlartik'ulat)
;
jointed
many
multidigitate
(zool.}.
(mul'tifid) a.
multifid
many
polymastigote (zool.}.
multiflorous (mul'tiflo'rus) a.
[L.
multus, many ; flos, flower.] Bearing many flowers (hot.}.
multifoliate (mul'tlfo'liat) a.
[L.
multus, many folium, leaf.] With
flagella
many
multus,
leaf.]
capsula,
little
chest.]
multicarinate (mul'tikar'Inat)
(bot.}.
a.
many
multus,
many
a.
[L.
centrum, centre.]
than one centre of
With more
many
many
many
multicuspid
costa,
or veins
ribs
ridges
rib.]
(bot.}
[L.
With
(mul'tlkus'pld)
Having
[L.
a.
[L.
jugum,
yoke.]
of
leaflets
pairs
(bot.}.
multilamlnate
[L. multus,
a.
(mul'tTlam'inat)
lamina, plate.]
;
of several or many
many
laminae (biol.}.
multilobate (mul'tilo'bat)
a.
[L.
Com-
lobe.]
Having many
lobules.
many
nervus,
sinew.]
or nervures
multinodal
[L.
a.
circle.]
gyrus,
tortuous (biol.}.
(mul'tijoog'at)
many
many
multus,
multus,
a.
(mul'tijl'rat)
many
With many gyri
with
[L.
(anat.}.
With
(zool.}.
(mul'trgang'-
multus, many
[Gk. gangglion, a small tumour.]
With several or many ganglia
a.
multus,
a.
[L.
small
leaflets (bot.\
multiganglionate
Composed
[L.
storeroom.]
consisting of more
cella,
Many-celled ;
than one cell (biol.}.
multlcentral (mul'tisSn'tral)
multus,
[L.
Hav-
foliolum, a
With many
multljugate
multus,
[L.
Having many
fidus, cleft.]
many
[L.
finger.]
multus,
digitus^
Many-fingered
multigyrate
(zoo/.).
a.
(mul'tldij'itat)
many
multus,
multicamerate (mul'tlkam'erat) a.
[L. multus,many; camera, chamber.]
multus,
a.
(mul'tidgn'tat)
[L.
many ; dens, tooth.] With
teeth, or indentations (biol.}.
glI6nat)
a.
multidentate
multus,
n.
mucro,
a sharp point.] A small mucro.
muculent (mu'kulnt) a. [L. mucus,
Mucoid
mucus.]
containing
mucus mucilaginous (hot.}.
mucus (mu'kus) n. [L. mucus, mucus.]
The slimy, glairy substance secreted
and
MUL-
199
a.
(mul'tlno'dal)
;
nodus, knot.]
many
Appl. a
name
a.
\L.
With
[L.
name.]
or designation com-
MUL-
MUS-
200
a small hump.]
Having several
or many tubercles or small prominences.
multituberculy
multiovulate
multivalve (mul'tivalv) n.
With
a.
(mul'tlo'vulat)
[L.
With
a.
(multip'arus)
[L.
;
parere, to beget.]
or
more
than
several,
Bearing
one, at a birth (zool.} ; developing
several or many lateral axes (hot.}.
multiple corolla, a corolla with two
many
multus,
or
multiple
fission,
parts or spores
multipolar
(bot,\
repeated division
large number of
;
into a
division
(mul'tipo'lar)
a.
[L.
multus, many
polus, an axisnerve-cells
with
end.]
Appl.
many dendrites or branching processes (anat.}.
;
multiradiate
(mul'tira'dlat)
a.
(mul'tirarn'os)
multus, many
Much branched.
;
multiseptate
multus,
Having
ramus,
(mul'tise'p'tat)
many
[L.
Many-
multiramose
a.
[L.
branch.]
a.
[L.
septum, partition.]
numerous septa or par;
titions.
multiserial
multus,
Arranged
a.
(miU'tise'rial)
;
series,
in
several
or
many
(tool,},
many
[L.
row.]
many
rows.
valvae,
composed
[L. multus,
folding-doors.] A
of more valves or
many
multus,
It.
volta,
turn.]
in
a year
(biol.},
n.
shell
multiparous
(mul'titubeVkuli)
tuberculum, a
[L. multus, many
small hump.]
The theory that
molar teeth are derived from
forms with a number of tubercles
Many-eyed.
multungulate
multus,
Having the
[L.
(multung'gulat)
a.
a.
[L. muricatus,
multispiral (mul'tispl'ral) a.
[L.
multus, many spira, coil.] With
Livin
or growing
among mosses
many
coils or whorls,
multistaminate
muscicolous,
(mul'tTstam'inat)
a.
multisulcate
(mul'tisurkat) a. [L.
sulcus,
furrow.]
multus, many
Much furrowed.
multitentaculate
(mul'tltentak'ulat)
[L. multus, many ; tentaculum,
feeler.]
Having many tentacles
a.
(zool.}.
multituberculate
a.
[L. multus,
muscicoline.
muscle
(mus'l)
muscle.]
n.
[L.
musculus,
mass of
contractile
(mul'tTtubeYkulat)
many
tuberculum^
Mossy.
muscous,
muscoid,
MUSmuscular (mus'kulXr)
a.
[L.
musculus,
or
consisting of
sense, excitability
Pert,
muscle.]
muscle
;
appl.
stomach (zool.\
fibres,
(phys.},
process,' tissue, triangle (anat.}.
musculature (miis'kulatur) n.
[L.
The system
musculns, muscle.]
or
a.
neus)
cutis,
(mus'kulokuta'-
musculus, muscle
Pert, muscles and
[L.
skin.]
genesis,
de-
Produced by a Fungus.
scent.]
mycetogenic,
mycetogenetic.
(mlse'toid) a.
[Gk. mykes,
fungus eidos, resemblance.] Fungoid fungus-like.
mycetology, mycology.
mycetophagous
(mfsetSfagus) a.
[Gk. mykes, fungus
phagein, to
Fungivorous
feeding on
eat.]
mycetoid
musculophrenic
(mus'kulofre'n'ik) a.
body-wall muscles
appl.
an artery
(anat.}.
Fungi
(zool.}.
mycoderm
(mfkodfirm) n.
[Gk.
A
derma, skin.]
mykes, fungus
bacterium of alcoholic fermentation.
;
(mlkol'qjl) n.
[Gk. mykes,
The
logos, discourse.]
fungus
department of botany dealing with
Fungi.
mycoplasm (mfkoplSzm) n.
[Gk.
A
mykes, fungus plasma, form.]
substance
of
cereal
seeds
parasitic
which may give rise to a rust
;
musculospiral
(mus'kulospl'ral)
a.
[L. musculus,
variety,
arise
spontaneously
mutilation (mu'tilashun) n.
to
Loss
tilare,
maim.]
[L. ntu-
putation
of
;
an
am-
(zool.}.
mutualism
(mu'tualizm)
n.
[L.
A form of
mutuus, exchanged.]
symbiosis in which both parties
derive advantage without sustaining injury
myarian
mycology
(ana/., zooL).
new
mykes, fungus
[Gk.
musculocutaneous
skin
MYE-
201
(biol.}.
a.
[Gk. mys,
Appl. classification acmusculature (biol.}.
mycele, mycelium.
mycelioid (mlse'lloid) a. [Gk. mykes,
mushroom
eidos,
resemblance.]
Like mycelium.
mycelium (mlse'Iium) n. [Gk. mykes,
fungus.] The network of filamentous cells forming the typical vegetative structure of Fungi (hot.}.
(mla'rian)
muscle.]
cording to
mycetogenetlc
(mlse'toje'ne't'lk)
a.
Fungus (bot.}.
mycorhiza (miTcorfza)
n.
[Gk. mykes,
(bot.).
myelencephalon(ml'6lgnk6f'al8n,-sgf-)
n.
en, in
[Gk. myelos, marrow
kephale, head.] The posterior part
of the
hind-brain
the
(emb.) ;
medulla oblongata ;
brain and
;
my elm
(anat.}.
myelination.
[Gk. myelos,
The
;
koilos,
hollow.]
cord
canal
(anat.}.
spinal
myelocyte (mfgloslt) n. fGk. myelos,
marrow ; kytos, hollow.] An amoeboid marrow cell, resembling a
myelocoel
(ml'e'ldsel) n.
marrow
lymphoid corpuscle
myeloid (mfe'loid) a.
marrow
marrow
(anat.}.
[Gk.
myelos,
Like
eidos, resemblance.]
in appearance or structure
(anat.}.
myelon
(ml'e'lbn)
marrow.]
vetebrates
myeloplast
The
n.
[Gk. myelos,
spinal cord of
(zool.}.
(ml'gloplast)
n.
[Gk.
MYEmarrow
myelos,
plastos, formed.]
of bone marrow.
A leucocyte
myeloplax
flat.]
n.
(ml'eloplaks)
marrow
myelos,
[Gk.
plax, something
giant-cell of
marrow and
organs, sometimes
multinucleate, but in most cases
multinucleolate (anat.}.
blood-forming
mylohyoid
(ml'lohl'oid) a.
[Gk. myle,
In the
hyoeides, Y-shaped.]
region of hyoid bone and posterior
mill
of mandible
part
appl. artery,
groove, muscle, nerve (anat.}.
myoalbumin (ml'oalbu'min) n. [Gk.
mys, muscle L. albumen, white of
;
An albumin product of
muscle (phys.}.
myoblast (ml'oblast) n. [Gk. mys,
muscle; blastos, bud.] A cell which
develops into muscle fibre (smb.}.
egg.]
myocardium
(mi'6'kar'dium) n.
mys, muscle
myochrome
[Gk.
The
kardia, heart.]
(anat.}.
[Gk. mys,
A muscle-
koilos, hollow.]
myocomxna
;
tion
myohaematin (ml'ohe'matm)
n.
[Gk.
A
haima, blood.]
mys, muscle
of
muscular
tissue
pigment
(phys.}.
;
myoid
(ml'oid) a.
eidos,
myolemma
(mi'blem'a) n.
[Gk. mys,
myology
(mlol'oji)
n.
[Gk.
(mi'oslt) n.
[Gk. mys,
muscle; kytos, hollow.] A contractile layer of ectoplasm of Gregarines
a contractile cell (zool.}.
myodome (mfodom) n. [Gk. mys,
A
L. domus,
muscle
house.]
chamber containing the eye-muscles
;
some Teleosts
myodynamic
myomere
n.
(mi'omer)
[Gk.
mys,
connective
insertions
tissue
myocomma (zool.}.
myoneme (ml'bnem) n.
muscle
[Gk.
mys,
minute
nema, thread.]
contractile fibril of Protozoa (zool.}.
;
myoneure
n.
(mi'onur)
[Gk.
mys,
A motorial
nerve-cell (phys.}.
(zool.}.
(ml'odinam'ik)
muscle
a.
[Gk.
power.]
(mi'dnis'iti) n.
[Gk. mys,
The contracting power
of muscular tissue (phys.}.
muscle.]
myophan
n.
[Gk.
mys,
The
(ml'bfan)
;
(zool.}.
myophrisk
(ml'ofrisk) n.
muscle
phrix, ripple.]
(Phys.}.
neme
mys,
mys,
muscle
The
logos,
discourse.]
department of anatomy dealing
with muscles.
myonicity
(emb.}.
myocyte
in
by
pigment.
myocoel
MYO-
202
dynamis,
myoepicardial
(mi'oe'pikar'dial) a.
muscle
[Gk. mys,
kardia, heart.]
consisting of
walls, destined to
epi,
upon
mantle,
mesocardium
form the muscu-
and epicardial
heart (emb.}.
lar
of the
walls
[Gk.
upon
and
thele,
epi,
muscle
Pert,
thelium (anat.}
or
Protozoa
myopolar
appl.
epi-
epithelium
[Gk. mys,
of
(zool.}.
(ml'bpo'lar)
a.
[Gk. mys,
myoproteid (mi'opro'teid)
mys, muscle
protos,
;
muscle
myo-
element
contractile
globulin
(ml'oepithe'lial) a.
myoepithelial
mys, muscle
nipple.]
Appl.
the
like
n.
first.]
substance
of
Pert.
[Gk.
fish
(phys.}.
myoseptum
[Gk.
(ml'osep'tum) n.
mys, muscle ; L. septum, partition.]
A myocomma,
which
see,
MYOmyosin (mfosin)
A globulin
(Phys.\
myotasis
muscle
n.
(mlot'asis)
;
fast's,
tension.]
[Gk.
mys,
Muscular
myotonia (mloto'ma)
muscle
n.
tonos, tension.]
[Gk.
mys,
Muscular
Ant-eating
eat.]
nanism
(nan'izm)
n.
[Gk.
nanos,
Dwarfishness.
dwarf.]
nanoplankton
(nan'6'plang'ktSn)
n.
dwarf; plangnanos,
[Gk.
ktos, wandering.]
Microscopic
plankton.
napiform (na'piform) a. [L. napus,
turnip
Turnipforma, shape.]
shaped appl. roots (bot.).
;
narcotic
n.
(narkfit'ik)
[Gk. narke,
[Gk.
Nostrils (zoo/.).
nares, nostrils.]
the openings of
nares, anterior,
the olfactory organ to the exterior
(zoo/.).
(mir'mgkoflt) n.
(mir'mSkofil) n. [Gk.
;
philos, loving.]
insect in a nest of ants
mynnecophyte
naevose
(zoo/.).
myrmecophile
myrmex, ant
guest
NAS-
203
(zoo/.).
them (bot.).
myrosin (mir'osin) n. [Gk. myron,
unguent.] An enzyme of mustard
seeds, acting upon glucosides (bot.).
myxamoeba
naricorn (nar'ik6rn)
(mik'same'ba) n.
[Gk.
stage
(zoo/.).
n.
myxoflagellate
(mik'soflaj'glat)
L. flagellum,
[Gk. myxa, slime
;
whip.]
flagellula or zoospore,
the stage in mycetozoan development following the myxamoeba, and
which multiplies by
fission (zoo/.).
myxopodium (mik'sopo'dlum) n.
myxa, slime pous, foot.]
pseudopodium (zoo/.).
;
myxopterygium,
[Gk.
slimy
mixipterygium.
nares, posterior,
n.
[L. nares,
cornu, horn.] The terminal horny part of nostril of
Turbinares
nasal scale
(zoo/.) ;
nostrils
(anat.\
nariform (narTform) a.
[L. nares,
nostrils
Shaped
forma, shape.]
;
nasal
(na'zal)
a.
nasus,
[L.
nose.]
suture (anat.).
a transmembrane,
parent sheet of membrane over
the enamel of the crown of a
mammalian tooth (phys.).
nasoantral (na'zoan'tral) a. [L. nasus,
nose antrum, cavity.] Pert, nose
Nasmyth's
nacreous (naTcreus)
a.
[Ar. nakir,
hollowed.] Yielding or resembling
mother-of-pearl (zoo/.).
nacrine (na'krin) n.
nakir,
[Ar.
hollowed.] Mother-of-pearl colour
(zoo/.).
(anaf.).
a.
[L. nasus,
NAS-
region (anat.).
nasolabial (na'zola'bial) a. [L. nasus,
nose labium, lip.] Pert, nose and
;
lip
appl. muscle (anat.).
nasolacrimal (na'zolak'rimal) a. [L.
nasus, nose lacrima, tear.] Appl.
a duct from the lacrimal sac to the
meatus of the nose (anat.).
nasomaxillary (na'zomaksTrari) a.
[L. nasus, nose
mairilla, jaw.]
Pert, nose and jaw (anat.).
nasooptic (na'zoop'tlk) a. [L. nasus,
nose Gk. optikos, relating to sight.]
Appl. a furrow, an embryonic groove
between nasal and maxillary pro;
cesses (smb.).
nasopalatal (na'zopal'atal) a.
[L.
nose
nasus,
palatus,
palate.]
Appl. a canal between the nose
;
and palate
(anat.).
nasopalatine (na'zopal'atin) a.
[L.
nasus, nose palatus, palate.] Pert.
nose and palate (anat.).
;
nasopharyngeal
Gk.
Pert,
gullet.]
pharynx
(na'zofarin'jeal)
nose
nasus,
[L.
the
a.
pharyngx,
nose
and
(anat.).
nasopharynx (na'zofar'mgks)
n.
[L.
nasus
(na'zus)
The nose
sect's
natal
head
n.
(zool.).
(na'tal)
Connected
with
the
a.
[L.
buttocks
(anat.).
natant
(na'tant)
natare,
to
Formed
to swim.]
swimming
natatory
nates'
NEC-
204
or adapted for
(zool.).
(na'tatorl) a.
n. plu.
(na'tfcz)
See natatorial
[L. nates, but-
tocks.]
Buttocks (anat.)
umbones
(zool.).
The
shell-fish.]
earliest
larval
nautillform
a.
(notil'iform)
[L.
nautilus, nautilus
forma, shape.]
Shaped like a nautilus shell (zool.).
;
navel
(na'vgl) n.
ship.]
Boat-shaped.
naviculare (navlk'ulare) n. [L. navis,
The scaphoid radiale of the
ship.]
mammalian carpus (anat.).
nebenkern
(na'bgnkgrn) n.
[Ger.
An
neben, near
kern, kernel.]
extra-nuclear chromatinic body in
the spermatia (cyt.).
;
nebenk8rper (na'benker'pSr)
neben, near
n.
korper, body.]
[Ger.
A body
(zool.).
(zool.).
necrophilous
(nekrof'Ilus)
a.
[Gk.
dead
philein, to love.]
Feeding on dead bodies (zool.).
nekros,
the
nectaries,
in
NEC-
[Gk.
nectary
n.
[Gk. nektar,
nectar.] A group of sub-epidermal
cells of no definite position in a
flower, secreting a sweet substance
a nectar gland (dot.}.
nectonectocalyx (ngk'toka'liks)
.,
calyces (neYtoka'lisez) plu.
[Gk.
(ngk'tari)
swimming
nektos,
kalyx, cup.]
for
(zoo/.).
n.
nectocyst (nek'toslst)
swimming
[Gk. nektos,
kystis, bladder.]
cavity of a nectocalyx
nectophore (neVtofor) n.
The
(zoo/.).
[Gk. nektos,
pherein, to carry.]
that portion of the
nectocalyx
common coenosarc on which the
nectocalyces are borne (zoo/.).
swimming
nectopod (neVtopod)
n.
[Gk. nektos,
nectosac (ngk'tosak)
swimming
nectocyst
L.
n.
[Gk. nektos,
saccus,
sac.]
(zoo/.).
nectosome (nk'tos6m)
n.
[Gk. nektos,
or
phore
nectozooid
(zoo/.).
eidos,
n.
(nSk'tozo'oid)
[Gk.
;
zoon, animal ;
swimming
nektos,
resemblance.]
nectocalyx
(zoo/.).
negative
tropism,
a tendency to
source of stimu-
The
nema, thread
kalyx, cup.]
"
"
Guard-polyp of a Plumularian,
carrying nematocysts (zoo/.).
nematocyst (ngm'atosist) n.
[Gk.
nema, thread kystis, bladder.] A
;
stinging cell
nematogene
(zoo/.).
(nfim'atojen)
(nek'ton)
n.
[Gk.
nektos,
swimming.]
ming about
nemathecium
athe'shium)
(ngm'athe'sium, ngm'.
[Gk. nema, thread
A protuberance on the
;
theke, box.]
thallus of Thallophytes (hot.).
nematoblast (ngm'atoblast)
nema, thread
n.
blastos, bud.]
nematogone (nSm'atogon)
matocyte.
nematocalyx (ngm'atoka'llks)
n.
[Gk.
body
n.
[Gk.
gonos, offspring.] A
thin-walled propagative cell in cer-
nema, thread
n.
[Gk.
nema, thread
pherein, to carry.]
A nematocalyx (zoo/.).
nematopnorous(nm'a.t6f'6rus) a. [Gk.
nema, thread
pherein, to carry.]
Pert, a nematophore (zoo/.).
;
nematozooid (nem'atozo'oid) n.
nema, thread zoon, animal
;
resemblance.]
in a Hydrozoan
[Gk.
eidos,
defensive zooid
(zoo/.).
of
a
revival
doctrine of evolution,
that inherited acquired characters
formed the inception of specific
Neo-Lamarckism,
Lamarck's
differences.
young
age
a.
[Gk. neos,
Pert, that
the
Palaeo-
stone.]
lithos,
on
following
lithic (pal.\
young
(ne'omorf)
morphc, form.]
from type
[Gk. neos,
struc-
tural variation
(dioL).
(ne'omor'fosis) n. [Gk.
neomorphosis
neos, young
Regeneration
[Gk.
Sper-
[Gk.
neomorph
(Vol.).
n.
Neolithic (ne'olith'Ik)
lus (phys.\
nekton
NEO-
205
the
the
new
part
morpkosis, change.]
the case where
unlike anything in
in
is
body (oio/.).
neonychium (neonTk'Ium)
n.
[Gk.
NEO-
neos,
neopallium (ne'opal'i'um) n.
[Gk.
L. pallium, cloak.]
neos, young
;
neoteinia (ne'oti'ma)
n.
[Gk.
neos,
a.
[Gk. neos,
young ; teinein, to stretch.] Appl.
substitution royalties of termites
which remain undeveloped in certain respects (zool.}.
(ne'otl'nik)
neoteny
(neot'Sni) n.
teinein, to stretch.]
larval characters
emplified in
Amphibia
young
a.
[Gk.
trepein, to turn.]
Pert.
designating a zoogeographical
region consisting of South America,
the Antilles, and tropical North
or
America.
Neozoic (ne'ozo'ik) a. [Gk. neos, young
Pert, the period from the
zoe, life.]
Mesozoic to the present day (pal.}.
nephric (nefrik) a.
[Gk. nephros,
kidney.] Pert, the kidney (anat.}.
nephridial (nefrid'ial) a. [Gk. nephros,
kidney.] Nephric, usually appl. the
(zool.}.
nephridium
(nefrid'mm) n.
[Gk.
kidney.]
Any excretory
the
excretory organ
organ ; usually
of Invertebrates (zool.}.
nephros,
waste
surface
(zool.}.
nephrodinic
(nef'rodin'lk)
a.
[Gk.
kidney
odis,
labour.]
Having one duct, serving for both
and
excretory
genital
purposes
nephros,
(zool.}.
nephrogonaduct (nef'rogon'adukt)
n.
(zool.}.
a.
nephrolytic
(nef'rdllt'ik)
[Gk.
nephros, kidney lyein, to dissolve.]
Pert,
or designating enzymatic
action destructive to the kidneys
;
(Phys.}.
ridiopore
nephros
(zool.}.
n.
(nef'ros)
kidney.]
functional
kidney
portion
[Gk. nephros,
usually the
of
kidney
(anat.}.
nephrostome (nefrostom)
(zool.}.
Neotropical (ne'otrop'lkal)
neos,
NER-
206
n.
[Gk.
kidney
stoma, mouth.]
of a nephridial tubule
into the coelom or body cavity
nephros,
The opening
'
(zool.}.
nephrotome
n.
(ngf'rotom)
[Gk.
nephros, kidney ; temnein, to cut.]
That part of a somite developing
into an embryonic excretory organ
(emb.}.
nervation (nerva'shun)
sinew.]
in a leaf
The
[L. nervus,
(bot.}.
nerve (nerv)
One
n.
disposition of nerves
of the
n.
[L.
nervus, sinew.]
numerous grey
fibrous
NER-
NEU-
207
nerve eminence,
a superficial group
of cells in some Fishes, acting as a
sense organ and connected with
the lateral line system (zool.).
nerve ending,
the terminal distal
portion of a nerve, modified in
various ways (anat.).
nerve fibres, the thread-like structures of which nerves are composed
(anat.).
neural canal,
fibre (anat.).
nervus, sinew
neuraxon (nurak'son) n.
Motion due
;
movere, to move.]
to direct stimulus from
nerves (phys.).
nervous (neYvus)
a.
[L. nervus,
designating
nerves
appl. tissue composed of
nerve fibres (anat.).
Pert.
sinew.]
or
nervus,
sinew.]
nervures (zool.).
nervure
Disposition
of
or
of
[L.
neuric
(nu'rik) a.
Neural.
neuricity
nerve.]
nervus,
[L.
(nerVur)
One of the rib-like strucsinew.]
tures which support the membranous wings of Insects, branches of the
tracheal system (zool.); a vein (dot.).
n.
[Gk. neuron,
Property peculiar to nerves
(nuris'itl)
of
neurillty
n.
[Gk. neuron,
lat'gral'is) n.
[Gk. neuron,
transmitting
capacity of nerves (phys.).
neuroblast (nu'roblast) n.
[Gk.
nerve ;
neuron,
blastos,
bud.]
Special epithelial cells from which
nerve cells are formed (emb.).
nerve.]
(nuril'iti)
The
stimuli
[L.
nerve.]
(zoo!.).
[Gk.
Dorsally (anat.).
a.
[Gk.
neural
(nu'ral)
nerve.]
Pert,
or
neuron,
neuron,
conclosely
of
life (anat.).
neurocirrus (nu'rostr'us) n.
L. cirrus,
neuron, nerve
;
The
cirrus of the
[Gk.
curl.]
neuropodium of
a polychaet Annelid
(zool.).
(anat.).
neurodendron(nu'r6den'dron). [Gk.
neuron, nerve
dendrite.
n euro-epithelium
n.
dendron, tree.]
-
epi,
upon
)
;
NEUThe
thele, nipple.]
superficial layer
organ
(anat.}.
n.
neurogenesis (nu'rojen'esis)
[Gk.
neuron, nerve gignesthai, to proNerve production (phys.}.
duce.]
neuroglia (nu'rogle'a, nurog'lia) n.
glia, glue.]
[Gk. neuron, nerve
;
peculiar tissue,
and
cells
fibres,
composed of
supporting
and nerve
and destroy
cells
the nerve
fibres (anat.}.
(Phys.}.
neurophane
nerve
NEU-
208
neuropodium (nu'ropo'dium)
n.
[Gk.
The
neuron, nerve
pous, foot.]
ventral lobe of a polychaetan para;
podium (zool.}.
neuropodous (nurop'odus)
a.
[Gk.
"
Havneuron, nerve pous, foot.]
limbs directed towards the
ing
neural side " (zool}.
;
neurold (nu'roid) a.
[Gk. neuron,
Like
nerve
eidos, resemblance.]
a nerve (anal.}.
neurokeratin (nu'roker'atm) n. [Gk.
The
keras, horn.]
neuron, nerve
keratin of nervous tissue (phys.}.
;
neurolemma
(nu'rolem'a) n.
[Gk.
neuron, nerve lemma, skin.] The
delicate tubular sheath of a nerve
;
(anat.}.
neuropore (nu'ropor)
n.
[Gk. neuron,
passage.] The anterior opening of the neurocoel to
the exterior (einb.}.
nerve
poros,
neuropterous
(nurop'terus) a.
[Gk.
neuron, nerve; ptcron, wing.] Having wings with a network of nervures (zool.}.
(nurol'qji) n.
[Gk. neuron,
That
discourse.]
logos,
of
anatomy dealing with the
part
details of the nervous system.
neuroraasts (nu'romasts) n. plu.
[Gk. neuron, nerve inastos, knoll.]
Groups of sensory cells in the
lateral line of Fishes (zool.}.
neuroskeleton (nu'roskel'eton)
neuromere (nu'romer) n.
neurotendinous
neurology
nerve
[Gk. neuron,
nerve meros, part.] A spinal segment, a division of convenience not
;
structural (anat.}.
(nu'romus'kular) a.
[Gk. neuron, nerve ; L. nmsculus,
muscle.] Pert, nerve and muscle
neuromuscular
(anat ).
neuron
The
also neurone.
nerve
nema, thread.]
fibril running parallel to a
;
an Infusorian
neuronephroblast
in
skeletos,
n. [Gk.
dried up.]
Endoskeleton (zool.}.
neurosynapse (nu'rosmaps')
n.
[Gk.
neuron, nerve ; synopsis, union.]
Junction of nerve-cells through
terminal arborizations or cell processes (anat.}.
(nu'roten'dlnus)
a.
(anat.}.
neurotrophic
(nu'rotrof'ik) a.
[Gk.
; trephein, to nourish.]
neuron, nerve
Nourishing
the
nervous
system
(Phys.}.
(nu'ron) n.
(anat.}
neuron, nerve
nerve
myoneme
(zool.}.
(nu'roneTroblast)
n.
nephros,
[Gk. neuron, nerve
kidney ; blastos, bud.] One of cells
derived from one of the megameres
in the segmenting egg of Clepsine,
which later give rise to part of the
;
neurotropism (nurot'roptzm)
n.
[Gk.
neuron, nerve ; trepein, to turn.] The
attraction exerted by nervous tissue
upon developing nerve tissue (phys.}.
neuter (nu'ter) a.
[L. neuter, of
neither sex.] Sexless.
neutral stains
(cyt.}.
NEU-
neutrophilic,
neutrophil.
nictitant (nik'titant) a. [L. nictare,
to wink.]
Appl. an ocellus with
central lunate spot (zool.}.
the third
nictitating membrane,
eyelid, a transparent membrane
which assists in keeping the eye
clean (zool.}.
nidamental
(nid'amgn'tal)
a.
[L.
(phys.\
nidicolous (nldlk'olus) a. [L. nidus,
nest
colere, to cultivate.]
Living
in the nest for a time after hatching
;
(zool.}.
nidifugous
(nidlf'ugus) a.
[L. nidus,
nest fugere, to flee.] Leaving the
nest soon after hatching (zool.}.
nidulus (nid'ulus) n,
[L. dim. of
The nucleus from
nidus, nest.]
;
Mamma
teat (anat.,
(bot.}.
nitrogen (nftrojgn) n.
[Gk. nitron,
An elesoda
genos, descent.]
mentary gas composing four-fifths
of the volume of the atmosphere
(p/tys.}.
[Gk.
Pert.
or containing nitrogen.
nitrogenous
brium of
equilibrium,
equilimaintained by
body
equality of income
nitrogen (phys.}.
nitrophilous
nitron,
and output of
a.
(nltrof'Ilus)
soda
[Gk.
to
philein,
love.]
leaves arise
(bot,}.
a.
[L.
nodose (no'dos)
nodus, knob.]
ter-
(zool, bot.}.
nodular (nod'ular)
a.
[L. nodulus,
dim. of nodus, knob.]
Pert, a
nodule or knot (bot., zool.}.
n.
nodule (nod'ul)
[L. nodulus, dim.
of nodus, knob.] A small knob-
like structure.
noduliferous
nodus,
a.
(nod'ullf'e'rus)
knob
a.ppl.
nodus (no'dus)
A knob or node.
[L.
nodulus,
nodule.
nomenclature
(no'me'nkla.'tur,
n.
nomen, name
[L.
System of naming
calare, to call.]
plants, animals,
[L.
carry.]
roots of
(bot.}.
n.
nomgn'klatur)
to
ferre,
Bearing a nodule
leguminous plants
nodulus (nod'ulus)
zool.}.
Nissl's
nitrogenous (nltroj'Snus) a.
nitron, soda genos, descent.]
nidation (mda'shun) n.
[L. nidus,
The renewal of the uterus
nest.]
between
menstrual
lining
periods
the soil
NOT-
209
organs, etc.
norma
View of the
nostrils
nosthyrl,
(nSs'trilz)
nostril.]
plu.
The
[A.S.
external
[Gk.
NOTback
noton,
Pert.
chorde, cord.]
Annelid
(zool.}.
notonectal
a.
(no'tonek'tal)
[Gk.
;
nektos, swimming.]
back
noton,
[Gk.
The
podium
(zoo/.}.
nototribe (no'totrib)
back
a.
to
tribein,
[Gk. noton,
AppL
rub.]
segment
tergum
(nu'kal) a.
a.
nux,
Nut-bearing
[L.
(bot.}.
nucivorous (nusi/orus)
;
-vorare,
eating
to
kernel.]
a.
[L. nux,
devour.]
Nut-
(zool.}.
nuclear (nu'klear)
Pert,
a.
the
[L.
nucleus,
nucleus
(bot.,
zool.}.
(cyt.").
the
membrane,
membrane bounding a
nuclear
delicate
nucleus,
formed
the
from
surrounding
cytoplasm (cyt.}.
nuclear plate, the equatorial plate
(cyt.}.
nuclear
nucleate (nu'kleat)
a.
nucleus,
[L.
Having a nucleus
nucleus.]
nucleation
(cyt.}.
a.
(nuklea'shun)
[L.
Nucleus forma-
nucleus, kernel.]
tion (cyt.}.
nucleic
in
(cyt.}.
a.
[L. nucleus,
Pert, an acid containing
in
some nuclei
found
phosphorus,
(nu'kleik)
kernel.]
(pkys.}.
nucleiform
nucleus,
a.
(nu'klelform)
kernel ; forma,
[L.
shape.]
One
kernel.]
chemical
the
of
found
compounds
in
nuclei,
nucleochylema
plazm)
n.
hyalos, glass
plasma, something
moulded.] The semi-fluid groundsubstance of a nucleus (cyt.}.
nucleolar (nukle'b'lar) a. [L. nucleus,
kernel.] Pert, a nucleolus (cyt.}.
;
nucleolus
(nukle'olus) n.
[L. nucleolus, dim. of nucleus, little kernel.]
occurring in a nucleus
nucleomicrosomes
(zool.}.
nuciferous (nusiferus)
nut ferre, to carry.]
nut
nucleohyaloplasm
(zool.}.
nucellus (nusel'us) n.
[L. dim. of
nux, nut.] The central region and
chief part of an ovule (hot.).
nuchal
NUD-
210
(cyt.^.
(nu'kleoml'kro-
nucleoplasm (nu'kleoplazm)
n.
[L.
nucleoproteid
[L.
nucleus,
first
eidos,
(nu'kleb'pro'teid)
kernel
n.
Gk. protos,
resemblance.]
nu-
nuculanium (nu'kula'mum)
nucula, small nut.]
like a grape (bot.}.
n.
[L.
fleshy fruit
nudibranchiate (nu'dibrang'kiat) a.
Gk. brangchia,
[L. nudus, naked
gills.] Having gills not covered by a
;
protective shell or
membrane
(zool.}.
NUDnudicaudate (nu'dlkod'at)
nudus, naked cauda, tail.]
a.
[L.
Having
nudlcaulous (nu'dikol'us) a.
[L.
nudus, naked caulis, stem.] Appl,
stems without leaves (dot.}.
;
nudlflorous (nu'diflo'rus).
naked
OBL-
211
;flos, flower.]
nymph (ntmf) n.
stage
insect
metamorphosis
The
bride.]
(zool.).
minora
labia
(anat.).
[L. nudus,
Having flowers
[L.
nummus, coin.] The tendency of
red blood corpuscles to adhere
oar-feathers,
obcompressed (ob'komprgst')
nummulitic
(num'ulit'ik) a.
mus, coin.]
mulite
[L.
Like or pert, a
num-
Num-
(zool., pal.}.
(zool.}.
nurse
cells,
cells
attached
nut
(hot.}.
The
fruits
(hot.}.
nutricism
(nu'trisizm) n.
(zool.).
a.
[L.
press.]
direction
(bot.).
o&,
towards
obcordate
against
shaped
(obkor'da.t) a.
the heart.]
cor,
leaves
appl.
[L.
ob,
Heart-
which have
the apex of
obdiplostemonous (6bdiplost6m'6nus)
Gk. diploos,
a.
[L. 06, against
;
With
stemon, a warp.]
the outer series of stamens opposite
the petals (bot).
obelion (obe'lion) n. [Gk. obelos^ a
The point between the two
spit.]
foramina on the interparietal suture
double
(anat.).
obex (o'beks) n.
fruit (bot.).
Birds
in flight in
[L. obex,
an obstacle.]
[L. nutrix,
nurse.]
(nu'tritlv) a.
[L. nutrix,
nurse.] Concerned in the function
of nutrition ;
appl. yolk, polyp,
zooid, plasma.
nyctipelagic (nlk'tfpelaj'ik)
nyktios, nightly
[Gk.
upwards
n.
[Gk.
trepein, to turn.]
to curve
(bot.).
(biol.).
a.
nyctitropism (niktit'ropizm)
versely lanceolate
(anat.).
OBO-
stalk
(tot.).
obsolete (ob'solet) a.
to
wear
out.]
[L. obsolescere,
Wearing out or dis-
in
each
succeeding
generation
(biol.).
obturator
(ob'tura'tor) a.
[L. obturare,
to close.]
foramen (anaf.).
obturator foramen, an oval foramen
between ischium and pubis (zoo/.).
obtusilingual (obtusiling'gwal) a. [L.
obtundere, to make blunt
lingua,
a tongue.] Short-tongued (zoo/.).
;
obumbrate
(obum'brat) a.
[L.
obumbrare, to overshadow.] With
some structure overhanging the
part so as to conceal it partially
(zoo/.).
head
(zoo!.).
occlude (oklood')
v.
[L.
occluderc,
to shut in.]
To absorb (phys.}.
occlusor (okloo'sor) a. [L. occludere,
to shut in.] Appl. muscles of an
operculum or movable
lid (zoo/.).
a.
[L. ocellus, a
Like an eye or eyes
appl. markings on many animals
ocellate
little
(b'sel'at)
eye.]
(zoo/.).
(zoo/.).
ocellation (os'ela'shun)
;/.
[L. ocellus,
Condition of having
ocelli, or of having ocellate markocellate marking (zoo/.).
ings
little eye.]
ocelli ferous
(os'elif'erus)
a.
[L.
plu.
osel'e)
[L.
ocellus,
little
obverse
(ob'vers, obvers') a.
obvertere, to turn round.]
[L.
With
obvolute (ob'volut)
a.
[L. obvolvere,
to
wrap round.]
Overlapping ;
appl. leaves when half of one leaf
is
OCT-
212
similar leaf
obvolvent
(bot.).
a.
(obvol'vent)
to wrap round.]
[L.
Bent
octamerous
(oktam'eriis) a.
[Gk.
meros, a part.] Appl.
or
of
when
organs
parts
organs
arranged in eights appl. parts of
whorls of certain plants (bot.}
appl. parts of certain Alcyonaria
bones
(zoo/.).
obvolvere,
downwards
and
inwards
;
appl.
wings, elytra of insects, etc. (zoo/.).
occipital (oksip'ital) a.
[L. occiput,
back of the head.] Pert, the back
(anaf., zoo/.).
okta, eight
OCT-
eight pistils
(bot.}.
a.
[Gk.
eight
;
petal.]
petalon,
petals (hot.).
(ok'topod) a.
[Gk. okta,
Having eight
octopod
eight ; pous,
eight feet or
Having
foot.]
arms
(zool.').
octoradiate (ok'tora'diat) a.
eight ; radius, a spoke.]
arms
eight rays or
[L. octo,
Having
(zool.}.
octosepalous (ok'tosep'alus)
a
06 fa, eight
sepalon,
a.
sepals
[Gk.
sepal.]
Having eight
(bot.}.
stichos,
a.
a row.]
[Gk.
Having
octozolc
a.
[Gk. okta,
animal.]
Appl.
a spore of Gregarines, containing
eight sporozoites (zool.}.
eight
(ok'tozo'lk)
zoon,
an
some
beetles (zool.}.
the plates at the
ocular plates,
end of the ambulacral areas in sea
lobe in
urchins (zool.}.
oculate (ok'ulat)
eye.]
a.
ferre, gerere,
oculus,
[L.
an
Having
a.
to
oculigerous
eyes (zool.}.
oculofrontal (ok'ulofriin'tal) a.
[L.
oculus, eye frons, forehead.] Pert.
and
of
forehead
eye.
region
;
oculomotor
a.
(6k'uloino't6r)
[L.
eye ; move re, to move.]
oculus,
Causing
the
eyeball
appl.
[Gk.
a bud.]
of the columnar cells on the
outside of the pulp that form the
dentine (zool.}.
.
One
odontoclast (odfin'toklast) n.
[Gk.
klan, to break.]
odous, a tooth
One of the large multinucleate
cells that absorb the roots of the
milk teeth (zool.}.
movements
the
of the
third cranial
odontogeny
(odontqj'eni) n.
[Gk.
odous, tooth genos, offspring.] The
and
of
teeth.
development
origin
odontoid (odon'toid) a. [Gk. odous,
tooth
Tooth-like
eidos, form.]
pert, the odontoid process.
odontoid process, a tooth-like peg
on the axis round which the atlas
of the
it is the centrum
rotates,
atlas, which has first become free
and finally fused with the axis
;
(anat., zool.}.
(bot.}.
(oktSs'tikus)
okta, eight
odontoblast (odon'toblSst)
odous, a tooth
blastos,
octopetalous (ok'topeYalus)
okta,
OES-
213
odontophore
(odSn'tofor) n.
[Gk.
tooth
pherein, to carry.]
The radula or tooth-bearing organ
in Molluscs; a structure over which
the radula slides (zool}.
odour,
odontoplast (6d8n'topl&st)
n.
[Gk.
tooth
plastos, moulded.]
odontoblast cell (anat.}.
odous,
An
odontostomatous
(odon'tostom'atus)
[Gk. odous, tooth stoma, mouth.]
Having tooth-bearing jaws.
oecoid (e'koid) n. [Gk. oikos, a house.]
The stroma of a blood corpuscle
a.
(anat}.
ecology (ekol'qjl) n.
[Gk.
house
logos,
discourse.]
which
see.
nomics,
;
oikos,
Bio-
oenocyte
fat
body of
(zool.}.
oesophageal
(esof'aje'al)
a.
[Gk.
Pert, or
oisophagos, the gullet.]
near the oesophagus, as ganglia
(zool.}.
a.
[L. ocuhts,
oesophagus
(esof'agiis)
n.
[Gk.
OESoestrual (e'strooal)
a.
aner, man.]
oligos, few
Having
few stamens (hot.}.
oligocarpous (ol'igokar'pus) a.
[Gk.
oligos, few
karpos, fruit.]
Having
few carpels (hot.}.
Oligocene (61'igosen') a. [Gk. oligos,
few kainos, recent.] Appl. a tertiary period between Eocene and
[Gk. oistros,
gadfly.]
also
oestrous.
oestruatlon (e'strooa'shun)
oistros,
State
gadfly.]
n.
[Gk.
of
being
rut (phys.}.
(e'strus) n.
The
fly.]
Miocene
rut (phys.}.
(bot.}.
oligomerous (ol'igom'erus) a.
[Gk.
Havoligos, few ; meros, a part.]
ing one or more of the whorls with
an
n.
(oid'ium)
[Gk. oon,
egg.] The conidial stage of some
of the mildews (bot.}.
oligonephrous
oligos, few
Having few
Pert,
oil.]
a.
(61'eaj'inus)
oil
[L.
oil
upper end
oil
n.
[Gk. olene,
large process at the
of the ulna (zool.}.
fern, to carry.]
[L. oleum,
Producing
oil
oliva
(bot.}.
oleln (6'lem) n.
[L. oleum,
oil.]
found
in
peratures (phys.}.
oleocyst (6'leosist) n.
Gk.
kystis, bladder.]
Pert,
the oliva,
division
The
n.
n.
olivary
[L.
body
[L.
omasum,
psalterium or third
of a ruminant's
stomach
(zool.}.
omental
a
(6'mSn'tal) a.
fold.]
Pert,
omenta
(anat.}.
the
omentum (om&n'tum) n.
a fold.]
[L.
omentum,
omentum
or
[L. omentum,
ommateum
(61'Igakan'thus) a.
omma, the
eye
oligacanthous
[Gk.
few
akantha, a spine.]
oligos,
Bearing few spines (zool.}.
oligandrous (ol'igan'drus) a.
[Gk.
or
(oma'sum)
paunch.]
(61'iv)
(anat}.
omasum
(zool.}.
olive
(oli'va),
A prominence on
olive.]
each side of the anterior end of the
medulla just below the pons (anat}.
olivary (61'ivari) a. [L. oliva, olive.]
oliva,
fat
producing
olecranon (olgk'ranon)
oleiferous (oleif'Srus) a.
[Gk.
kidney.]
Malpighian tubules
oil (biol.}.
elbow.]
nephros,
oligospermous
olea,
containing
(bot.}.
(ol'igonef'rus) a.
(zool.}.
oleaginous
a.
(ol'igodinam'ik)
(hot.).
oidium
(pal.}.
ollgodynamic
offset,
stem
OMM-
214
(om'ate'um)
eye.]
n.
[Gk.
Any compound
(zool.}.
ommatidium
omma,
(om'atid'ium) n.
One of the
eye.]
[Gk.
com-
OMM-
215
spots on the
abdominal segment of Pedi-
four light-coloured
last
tissue \zool.).
omohyoid
a.
(o'mohl'oid)
[Gk.
omos, shoulder; hyoeides, Y-shaped.]
Pert, shoulder and hyoid ; appl. a
muscle
(anat.}.
The
ontogenesis (5n'tqj6n'gsls) n.
[Gk.
The
on, being
genesis, descent.]
of
a
individual
life-history
single
;
(biol.}.
ontogeny
;
onychium
a
n.
(ontqj'finl)
being genos,
which see.
birth.]
[Gk. on,
Ontogenesis,
(onik'Ium) n.
The layer
nail.]
nail (anat.}
[Gk. onyx,
below the
a pulvillus ; in some
onychogenic
(on'ikqjen'ik) a.
[Gk.
onyx, nail genos, offspring.] Capable of producing a nail or a naillike substance ; appl. a material
;
omoideum
n.
(omoid'eum)
shoulder
eidos,
omos,
001-
bone
pterygoid
[Gk.
shape.]
in a Bird's
skull (zoo/.).
omosternum (o'mosteVnum)
n.
[Gk.
shoulder
sternon, breast.]
of the elements of the Amphibian sternum (zoo/.).
omphalic (omfal'Ik) a. [Gk. omphalos,
navel.] Pert, the umbilicus (anat.}.
ooblastema
oon, egg
omphaloid
omos,
One
a.
(om'faloid)
[Gk.
omphalos, navel eidos, like.] Like
a navel; having an umbilicus
;
(zoo/.).
oinphaloidium (om'faioid'mm)
n.
omphalomesenteric, which
see.
n.
[Gk.
The egg
oocyte
(6'oslt)
kytos, hollow.]
n.
An egg
oikos, house.]
An
ovicell (zoo/.).
oogamete
(o'og&met')
[Gk.
egg gamos, marriage.] An
oosphere of Sporozoa (zoo/.).
oogamous (oog'amus) a. [Gk, oon,
egg gamos, marriage.]
Having
oon,
omphalomesenteric
(om'falomSs'SnteVik) a.
[Gk. omphalos, navel ;
Pert, ummesenteron, mid-gut.]
bilicus
and mesentery
appl. veins,
ducts (anat.}.
onchosphere
n.
[Gk.
a globe.]
stage of a tapeworm
preceding the cysticercus stage ;
the proscolex or six-hooked embryo stage of Cestoidea ; also
ongkos,
The
(6'oblaste'ma)
bud.]
blastos,
(Qng'kosfer)
sphaira,
hook
larval
oncosphere
(zoo/.).
gloia, glue.]
Egg cement (zoo/.).
(6'ogo'nial) a.
[Gk. oon,
Pert, the
egg ; gonos, descent.]
oogonial
oogonium.
oogonium
egg gonos,
(biol.}.
ooid (6'oid)
form.]
a.
Egg-shaped.
eidos,
OOK-
ootocous
ootype
type, place.]
(biol.).
[Gk. oon,
motile
egg ;
the
of
zygote in
worm-shaped stage
certain Protozoa (zool.}.
oolemma
(o'olem'a)
The
n.
lemma, a husk.]
egg
line
membrane of an egg
[Gk.
The
n.
(6'otlp)
and Trematodes
The
ooklnete
(o'okinef) n.
kinein, to move.]
(oot'okiis) a.
tokos, offspring.]
egg
OPI-
216
shell
of
is
formed
Turbellarians
(zool.}.
ooze (ooz)
n.
[A.S. ivos, juice.]
soft deposit found over large areas
of the floor of the ocean.
oon,
vitel-
(emb.}.
operculum (zool.}.
operculate (opfir'kulat) a.
[L. operculum, a lid.] Having a lid, as in
the capsule of Mosses (bot.} having
a covering for the gills, as in most
Fishes (zool.}.
operculiferous (opeYkulIf'e'rus) a. [L.
operculum, a lid ferre, to bear.]
oophore
(6'ofor)
n.
pherein, to bear.]
see.
(hot.}.
oophyte
n.
Operculate.
Lid-like (bwl.}.
operculigenous
a.
(opgr'kulij'gnus)
[L. operculum, lid ; Gk. genos, offor
spring.]
Producing
forming a
stege, roof.]
plate-like structure
(zool.}.
ootheca (6'othe'ka)
theke, a case.]
n.
[Gk. oon,
egg
A sporangium (hot.};
an egg-case, as
in Insects (zool.}.
ootocoid (oot'okoid)
a.
cidos, form.]
ing ^birth -to the young at a
very
them
tokos, offspring
..
lid (zool.}.
operculum (opeYkulum)
-
n.
[L. oper-
dominal appendages
in
Limulus
(zool.).
ophryon
(Sfrion) n.
[Gk. ophrys,
The point of junction of
brow.]
the median line of the face with
a line across the narrowest part of
the forehead (anat.}.
opisthion (opis'thion) n. [Gk. opisthe,
behind.] The median point of the
posterior margin of the foramen
magnum
(anat}.
opisthocoelous (opis'those'lus)
a.
[Gk.
OPI-
ORD-
217
appl.
optocoel
sight
in
n.
(8p'tosel)
[Gk.
The
koilos, hollow.]
the
of the
optic lobes
opsis,
cavity
brain
(anat.).
optogram (Sp'togram)
sight
n.
graphein, to
[Gk. opsis,
write.]
The
shells
opisthoglossal(6pis'th6gl6s'al)0. [Gk.
opisthe, behind ; glossa, tongue.]
Having the tongue fixed in front,
purple (phys.).
the wavy border of the
retina, where the nervous elements
cease (anat.).
oral (6'ral) a. [L. os, mouth.] Pert.
or belonging to the mouth ; on the
side on which the mouth lies.
orbicular (orbik'ular) a. [Gk. orbis, an
orb.] Appl. the eye muscles (anat.}.
orbicularis (orblk'iila'ris) a. [L. orbis,
an orb.]
Appl. a muscle whose
(zool.}.
a.
(op'isthot'ik)
[Gk.
behind ; ous, the ear.]
the inferior posterior bony
element of the otic capsule (zool.}.
/
opisthure (5p'isthur ) n. [Gk. opisthe,
The probehind ; aura, a tail.]
jecting tip of the vertebral column
opisthotic
opisthe,
Pert,
(zool.}.
opponens (opo'nenz)
a.
[L. opponere,
cater.]
Pert,
opsonin (phys}.
opsonln (opso'nln)
or
orb.]
Nearly circular, in outline ;
appl. leaves (bot.).
orbit (or'blt) n. [L. orbita, a circuit.]
The bony cavity in which the eye
is situated (anat.) ; the skin round
the eye of a bird ; the hollow in
the arthropod cephalothorax in
which the eye-stalk rises (zool.}.
orbit*! (or'bital) a. [L. orbita, cir-it.] Pert, the orbit.
(or'bitoma'lar) a.
[L.
circuit ; mala, the cheek.]
(bot.}
affected
orbit
(anat}.
*orbitonasal
n.
[Gk.
to cater.] A constituent of blood
which helps the phagocytes to destroy invading bacteria (phys.).
optic (6p'tik) a. [Gk. opsis, sight.]
Pert, vision.
opsis,
opticopupillary (Sp'tikopu'pilarl) a.
[Gk. opsis, sight ; L. pupilla, pupil
of eye.]
Pert, optic nerve and pupil
(anat.}. .
optimum
(op'tlmum)
best.]
The most
a.
(drTrftona'zal)
[L.
Pert.
orbita, circuit ; nasus, nose.]
n.
[L. optimus,
suitable degree
orbitosphenoid
[L. orbita,
a.
(6r blt6sfe'noid)
circuit ; Gk. sphen, a
Pert, paired
elements lying between
presphenoid and frontal (zool.).
order (dr'der) n.
[L. ordo, order.]
wedge
ora serrata,
eidos, form.]
cranial
of organisms closely
ranking between the family
Any group
allied,
and the
class
(biol.).
ordinate (o/dinat)
a.
the
Having
Silurian (pal.).
ORGorgan (dr'gan)
an
[Gk. organon, an
part or structure
n.
Any
implement.]
of
ORO-
218
organism
for
adapted
organ of
Producing an organism
an organized structure
make.]
making
and
orgasm
[Gk. organ, to
(or'gazm) n.
Any immoderate
swell.]
ment
excite-
orientation
oriens,
n.
(6'rienta'shun)
[L.
The alteration in
rising.]
(Sr'ifis)
n.
[L.
mouth
os,
mouth or
make.]
the opening of a tube,
to
facere,
aperture
(biol.).
(dr'gamzm) n.
[Gk. orAny living
ganon, instrument.]
animal or plant anything capable
of carrying on the processes of life
organism
nourish.]
duct, etc.
original
a.
[L.
origo,
Pert,
the
origin.]
beginning ;
appl. the wild species from which
the cultivated have been derived
(drij'inal)
instrument.]
acteristics of, or
organism
organogen
organon,
behaving
like
an
(biol.}.
n.
(organ'qjSn)
[Gk.
instrument
genos, offAny of the four elements
;
spring.]
C., H., O.,
N.
organogenesis
(phys.).
(6rgan'6j6n'Ssis)
n.
n.
(&r'ganog rafi)
[Gk. organon, instrument graphein,
to write.] The description of the
organography
organs
in
any
living
organism
The dung
of Birds.
/
(biol.}.
(6i gan6l6p'tik) a.
organoleptic
[Gk.
organon, instrument lambanein, to
take hold of.] Capable of being
impressed, or of making an im;
(or'ganon'oml) n. [Gk.
organon, instrument ; nomos, law.]
The laws that deal with life or
organonomy
organisms
organonymy
(biol.}.
[Gk.
organon, instrument ; onyma, name.]
The nomenclature of organs (bwl.~).
organophyly (6r'ganof'ili) n.
[Gk.
organon, instrument ; phylon, a
The phylogeny of organs
tribe.]
grraphical region
N ew Zealand (zool.}.
ornithology (or'nithol'ojl)
ornis, bird
n.
logos, discourse.]
dealing
[Gk.
The
with
Birds.
ornithophilous (or'nithof'ilus) a.
[Gk.
Birdphilein,-\.Q love.]
flowers
that
are
loving
appl.
pollinated through the agency of
Birds
ornis, bird
oroanal
anus,
(bot.}._
(o'roa'nal) a.
anus.]
and anus
oronasal
mouth
[Gk.
trephein,
to
[L. os,
Serving
as
mouth
mouth
(zool.~).
(o'rona'zal)
a.
[L.
os,
Pert, or
nasus, nose.]
designating the groove that connects the mouth and nose (zooL\
;
organotrophic
organon, instrument
[Gk.
zooincludes
The
which
(6r'ganon'imT) n.
(or'ganotrof'ik) a.
n.
gaia, land.]
branch of Zoology
pression (phys.}.
living
ORTorthoenteric
(or'thoe'n'te'rlk)
a.
orthogenesis
(or'thoje'n'e'sis) n.
[Gk.
genesis, descent.]
Variation which, irrespective of
natural selection or external forces,
gradually produces a new and distinct type (btol.).
orthos, straight
orthopterous
orthos,
Having
a.
(6rth8p'te"rus)
straight
straight
[Gk.
wing.]
pteron,
folded posterior
(or'thospeVmus)
a.
orthostichy
(orthos'Hk!) n.
[Gk.
orthos, straight ;_ stichos, a row.]
The vertical line on which a row
of leaves or scales is found ; the
arrangement of the leaves or scales
row
(bot.).
orthotriaene (6r'th6tri'en)
orthos, straight
n.
[Gk.
triaina, a trident.]
orthotropism (orthot'ropizm)
orthos, straight
n.
[Gk.
trope, a turning.]
chalaza,
hilum,
An excurrent open(zool.).
osmeterium
(os'mgte'rium) n. [Gk.
forked protrusible
osme, smell.]
organ borne on the first thoracic
segment of the larva of many
through
permeable
membrane
os,
a bone.]
osculant (os'kulant)
a.
and
appl.
A bone.
[L. osculans,
kissing.]
groups (btol.).
oscular (os'kular) a. [L. osculum, a
small mouth.] Pert, an osculum.
osculate (os'kulat) v. [L. osculare, to
To have characters interkiss.]
mediate between two groups (biol.).
osculiferous (6s'kullf6rus) a.
[L.
osculum, a small mouth ; ferre, to
Having oscula (zool.).
bear.]
osculum (Ss'kulum) n. [L. osculum,
O88& triquetra,
(anat.).
ossein
n.
<(5s'eTn)
Composed
(zool.).
ossicle
(fis'ikl) n.
small bone
in
sclerotic ;
gastric mill of
Any
one of those
one of those
Crustacea
of a sea-urchin's test
ossicular (Sslk'ular) a.
in
the
the
a plate
(zool.).
Pert, ossicles.
ossiculum
(zool.).
Having the
a small mouth.]
ing in a Sponge
osphradium
wings (zoo/.").
orthospermous
in this
OST-
219
(osik'ulum) n.
[L. os,
ossicle ; a lithodesma
bone.]
An
(zool.}
a pyrene
(bot.).
(anat.).
osteoblast
n.
(Ss'teoblast)
[Gk.
;
blastos,
bud.]
cell (smb.).
bone
bone-forming
osteon,
tissue (entb.).
osteocomma
(os'teok8m'a)
n.
[Gk.
bone
komma, piece.] A
segment of the vertebral skeleton
osteon,
(zool.).
osteocranium
(6s'teokra'nlum)
;
kranion, skull.]
OST-
n.
[Gk.
L. dens, a tooth.]
dentine
which closely
variety of
bone
osteon,
(zool.}.
osteogen
(os'teqje'n')
n.
[Gk. osteon,
osteogenesis
((8s'teoj6n'6sis) n.
bone
osteon,
Bone formation
osteogenetic
[Gk.
descent.]
genesis,
(emb.}.
(os'teqje'ne't'ik)
bone
osteon,
genesis,
a.
[Gk.
descent.]
bone
(emb.}.
osteogenic
(os'teojgn'lk)
bone
genos,
Bone-producing (phys.}.
osteon,
osteoid
bone
a.
[Gk.
offspring.]
(5s'teoid)
[Gk. osteon,
Bone - like
eidos,
form.]
(anat.}.
osteology
(os'teol'oji) n.
[Gk. osteon,
of bones.
osteoplastic (5s'teoplas'tik)
a.
[Gk.
bone
plastos, moulded.]
Producing bone appl. certain cells
osteon,
otic (o'tik) a.
(anaf.}.
otidium (otid'mm)
n.
[Gk. ous, ear.]
otocyst of a Mollusc (zool.}.
otoconium (6'toko'nium) n. [Gk. ous,
ear ; konia, grain of sand.] One of
the minute particles found in the
internal ear (anat.}.
otocrypt (6'tokript) n. [Gk. ous, ear ;
The
otocyst
(o'tosist) n.
kystis, bladder.]
fluid and otoliths,
auditory
supposed to be
(zool.}.
otolith (6'tolith)
n.
[Gk.
ous,
ear;
organ of
animals (zool.}.
n.
otoporpae (o'topor'pe)
plu. [Gk.
ous, ear porpe, a brooch.]
Stripes
of cnidoblasts on the exumbrella of
many
a.
OVA-
220
(emb.).
Hydromedusae
oval
(zool.}.
shaped
The
An
ovary.
[L. ovarium, ovary.]
essential female reproductive
ovary.]
ovary
(6'vari) n.
organ
(zool.}
of the
pistil
an enlarged portion
or gynoecium
ovate (6'vat) a.
[L. ovum, egg.]
Egg-shaped.
an ovate
ovate-acuminate,
appl.
lamina with a very sharp point
(bot.}.
appl. leaves
(bot.}.
OVA-
ovomucoid (o'vomu'koid) n.
[L.
Gk.
ovum, egg
mucus, mucus
A mucoid found in
eidos, form.]
ovate -oblong,
having an oblong
lamina with one end narrower than
the other
(bot.).
ovenchyma
(ovgng'klma) n.
[L.
Gk. engchyma, inovum, egg
A connective tissue with
fusion.]
ovoid-shaped cells (smb.}.
ovicell (o'vIsSl)
n.
[L.
ovum, egg
(pkys.).
ovotestis (o'votgs'tis)
egg;
ovum, egg
ovum,
[L.
The
her-
vivus, living
parere,
n.
(zool.).
zool.).
The
(6'vul) n.
[L. ovum, egg.]
megasporangium of a seed-plant
any small egg or egg-like
(bot.)
ovule
egg parere, to bring forth.] Producing eggs egg-laying cf. viviparous (zool.).
oviposit (6'vipoz'it) v.
[L. ovum,
To lay
egg
ponere, to place.]
Insects
(zool.).
eggs appl.
ovipositor (o'vipoz'itSr) n. [L. ovum,
egg ponere, to place.] A special;
saccus,
bag.]
An
egg-capsule
n.
[L.
OVUM, egg.]
(6'vizm)
The
(emb.).
[L. ovum,
(o'vbjen'e'sis) n.
Gk.. genesis, descent.] Oogensee.
ovoid (o'void)
cidos, form.]
a.
[L.
ovum,
to
Ovulecarry.]
ferre,
producing containing ovules (bot.).
stout
ovuliferous
scales,
scales,
each bearing two ovules, developed
on bract scales (bot.).
egg
ovum
(6'vum) n.
A female germ
oxea
[L.
ovum, egg.]
cell (biol.).
(ok'sea) n.
(zool.).
oxydize.
oxidize,
oxyaster
(6k'sias'ter)
n.
[Gk. oxys,
A stellate
aster, a star.]
sponge spicule with sharp-pointed
sharp
(zool.).
oxychromatin
.
(ok'slkro'mattn)
;
chroma, colour.]
oxydactyl
(ok'stdak'tll) a.
[Gk. oxys,
sharp daktylos, a finger.] Havmg
slender tapering digits (zool.).
;
ovogenesis
which
structure (zool.).
ovuliferous (o'vullfgrus) a.
rays
(zoo!.).
esis,
n.
testicle.]
to bring forth.]
(zool.).
oviduct (6'vldukt)
testis,
cellula,
egg
eggs
ovism
OXY-
221
spicules (zool.).
ovum, egg
Egg-shaped.
[L.
Gk.
OXY-
blood
PAL-
222
(phys.).
palaeogenetic (pal'eojenet'Ik)
a.
[Gk.
palaios, ancient
genesis, descent.]
Appl. atavistic features fully de;
oxygnathous
(ok'signath'us) a.
[Gk.
oxys, sharp ; gnathos, jaw.] Having
n.
blood
in
(phys.}.
oxyhexactine
(ok'sihSksak'tin)
n.
hex, six
aster, star.]
rays ending in
hexaster with
oxytropism
(oksit'roplzm) n.
oxys, acid ; trope, a turning.]
veloped,
acteristically
Palaeozoology
palm.]
th,e
The
palamate,
(zool.}.
The zoology
animal
of
im-
pressions.
(pal'ama)
palama
birds.
[Gk.
animal
zoon,
and
animals
fossil
[Gk.
to
(pal'eozSol'bji) n.
ancient
palaios,
logos, discourse.]
palatal
n.
[Gk. palame,
Foot-webbing of aquatic
palmate.
a.
[L. palatum,
Pert, the palate palatine
appl. bone, sinus, etc. (anaf.).
n.
palate
(pal'at)
[L. palatum,
The roof of the mouth
palate.]
an
insect
(anaf.) ;
epipharynx
(pal'atal)
palate.]
(zool.}
lip
palatine (pal'atin)
a.
[L.
palatum,
palate.]
the
first
the
parental
generation, P 2 the grandparents,
See Fj.
etc., in the law of Mendel.
P,,
denoting
bodies or corpuscles,
distal nerve-endings, consisting of
lamellated connective-tissue capsule
with a core of nucleated protoplasmic cells containing the ramifications of a single medullated
Pacinian
nerve-fibre (anaf.).
child
n.
[Gk.
genesis,
descent.]
still in the young
or larval state, as Axolotl, certain
;
Breeding while
Diptera (zool.}.
paired flns, the pectoral and pelvic
fins
of
caudal
fishes
fins
Palaeobotany
impressions.
anal,
and
are unpaired.
(pal'eobot'anl) n.
[Gk.
botane, a plant.]
of fossil plants or plant
palaios, ancient
The botany
dorsal,
muscle (anaf.).
palatonasal (pal'atona'zal) a.
[L.
nasus,
nose.]
palatum,
palate
Pert, palate and nose (anaf.).
;
palatopharyngeal (pal'atofarin'jeal) a.
Gk. pharyngx,
[L. palatum, palate
;
pharynx.]
paedogenesis (pe'dojSn'esis)
pais,
and
pharynx
(anaf.).
palatopterygoid (pal'atopter'igoid) a.
Gk. pterygion,
[L. palatum, palate
;
little
PALpalea
n.
(pa'lea)
One
of
little
of
Compositae^ (&?/.).
paleaceous (palea'shus) a. [L. palea,
chaff.] Appl. a capitulum furnished
upright stake.
palingenesis
n.
(pal'injfin'gsis)
anew
[Gk.
descent.]
the reancestral
characters
birth of
(bio/.).
palisade tissue, the general ground
palin,
genesis,
metamorphosis
Abrupt
of
tissue
many
leaves,
foliage
called
a.
(pal'ial)
[L.
pallium,
Pert,
the
molluscan
mantle.]
pallium or mantle ; appl. line,
groove, sinus, muscles (zoo!.}.
palliate (pal'iat) a.
[L. pallium,
mantle.]
Having a mantle or
similar structure (zoo/.).
a.
palliopedal
(pal'ioped'al)
[L.
pallium, mantle pes, foot.] Pert.
;
(zoo/.).
palmar
(pal'mar) a.
[L. palma, palm
of the hand.] Pert, the palm of the
hand
aponeurosis,
appl.
nerve,
muscle (anat.).
palmaria (palma'ria)
n. plu.
[L.
the palm.]
The
third brachials of Crinoids (zoo/.).
palmaris, pert,
palmate
base
the
to
half-way
(dot.).
palmatipartite
(palmat'ipir'tlt)
a.
nearly
to -the
palmella (palmeTa)
[Gk. palmos,
a quivering.] A stage of certain
Algae, consisting of groups of
rounded cells in a jelly-like mass
n.
(bot.}.
palmitin (pal'mitin)
n.
[Gk. palma,
compound of fatty
palm-tree.]
acid and glycerine found in adipalmula
(pal'mula)
A terminal
palm.]
n.
[L.
palma,
lobe or process
(zoo/.).
wall
divisions
cells (bot.).
PAL-
223
(pal'mat) a.
[L. palma,
palm
feet (zoo/.).
see palpus.
palpacle (pal'pakl)
palp,
n.
[L. palpare,
tentacle of a dactylozooid or palpon of Siphonophora
The
to feel.]
(zoo/.).
palpal (pal'pal)
a.
[L.
palpare, to
Pert, a palpus.
stroke.]
palpate (pal'pat)
[L. palpare, to
Provided with a palpus
stroke.]
a.
or palpi
(zoo/.).
appl.
(zoo/.).
palpiform (pal'plf6rm) a.
[L. palpare, to feel forma, shape.] Resembling a palpus or insect-feeler
(zoc/.).
palpiger
palmatifld (palmat'ifid)
a.
[L.^a/ma,
(zoo/.).
n.
[L. palpare,
The
gerere, to bear.]
of
a
labial
support
palpus in In-
to
feel
(pal'pljgr)
;
sects (zoo/.).
cells of
Hydromedusae
palpon (pal'pon)
/;.
(zoo/.).
[L. palpare, to
PAL
feel.]
or dactylozooid
of Siphonophores (zool.).
palpulus (pal'pulus) n. [L. palpare,
palpus
a marsh
colere, to inhabit.]
Living
in
(pal'ul) n.
[L. palus, a stake.]
unattached calcareous process
of Corals a small palus (zoo/.).
palus (pa'lus) n., pali (pa'H, pal'e)
A series
plu. [L. palus, a stake.]
An
pampiniform (pampm'iform)
pampinus, a
tendril
Tendril-like
voluted vein
matic cord
a.
[L.
forma, shape.]
(biol.)
appl. a conplexus of the sper;
(anat.).
pancreas (pan'kreas)
n.
[Gk. pan,
all
kreas, flesh.]
compound racemose
gland at the posterior abdominal
wall of most vertebrates.
pancreatic (pankreat'Ik)
a.
[Gk. pan,
Pert, the panall ; kreas, flesh.]
creas
artery,
duct, vein
appl.
;
(anat.}.
pangamic (pangam'ik)
gamos,
union.]
a.
[Gk. pan,
Appl. indis-
genos,
(pan'je'n)
n.
[Gk. pan,
Biophore
offspring.]
hypothetical units.
pangenesis (panjeVesis) n.
pan, all genesis, descent.]
;
all
see
The
on
plants.]
n.
[L. panicula, a
bunch of
tuft or
natural selection.
[Gk.pan,
bud.]
all
compound raceme
(dot.).
(panspo'roblast) n.
sporos, seed
blastos,
A cell-complex of Neosporidia
(bot.).
papilla (papil'a) n.
[L. papilla, a
A glandular hair with
pimple.]
one secreting cell above the epidermis level (bot.)
an accessory
adhesive organ with retractile tip,
;
some Trematodes
a conical
dermal structure on Birds, the
beginning of a feather (zooL) one
of
Covered by papillae ;
pimple.]
papillose ; like a papilla (biol.) ;
with external cells
appl. petals
projecting slightly above the surface (bot.).
(papTl'iform)
a.
[L.
papilla,
papillose,
[Gk.
gemmule
panicle (pan'lkl)
papilliform
criminate mating.
pangen
pansporoblast
palule
all
PAP-
224
A hydrocyst
papillate.
pappiferous (paplf'e'rus) a.
[Gk.
L. ferre, to
pappos, an old man
;
carry.]
pappose
Pappus-bearing
(bot.).
a.
[Gk.
pappos, an old man.] Having the
limb of the calyx developed as a
(pap'os,
papSs')
covered
(bot.).
with
feathery
downy, or
processes
PAP-
225
PAll-
[Gk. pappos, an
or tuft of
pappus
old
(pap'us) n.
man.]
circle
(biol.).
papulae
[L. papula,
(pap'ule) n. plu.
a pimple.] Dermal gills the soft
skin of Asteroids raised up into
finger-like processes with respira;
tory function
[Gk. para,
circlet
of perradial infrabasalia
occurs beneath them (zool.).
parablast (par'ablast) n. [Gk. para,
The yolk
beside
blastos, bud.]
of meroblastic eggs ; appl. the large
nuclei of cells laden with yolkgranules, in the development of
;
Mammals
(smb.),
brangchia,
n.
[Gk.
gills.]
paracentral (parasgn'tral) a.
[Gk.
L. centrum, centre.]
para, beside
Situated at or near the centre
j
parachordal
[Gk.
(parakor'dal) a.
para, beside chords, a cord.] Appl.
horizontal
paired
cartilage plates
formed on each side of the chon;
drocranium
(parakro'matin) ;/.
[Gk. para, beside ; chroma, colour.]
Achromatic nuclear substance giving rise to spindle-fibres
n.
(cyt.).
[L.parare,
F. chute, a fall.]
special structure, such as an aril,
a caruncle, a wing, of seeds enabling them to be wafted away, and
to
prepare
mals (zool.}.
paracone (par'akon)
n.
[Gk. para,
beside ;
a cone.]
The
konos,
antero-external cusp of an upper
molar tooth.
paraconid (parako'nid)
beside
so aiding in dispersal
internal
tooth.
n.
cusp
[Gk. para,
antero-
The
konos, cone.]
of a
lower
molar
paracorolla (par'akorSl'a) n.
[Gk.
L. corolla, a small
para, beside
crown.] A corolla appendage (dot.).
paracyst (par'aslst) n.
[Gk. para,
beside
The
kystis, a bladder.]
antheridium of Pyronema (bot.}.
;
paraderm (par'aderm)
beside
(bot.).
limiting
n.
derma, skin.]
membrane
[Gk. para,
The delicate
pronymph
of a
(zool.}.
paradidymis (paradld'imis)
n.
[Gk.
para, beside
didymos, a testicle.]
A small collection of convoluted
tubules anterior to the lower part
of the spermatic cord (ana/.).
paraflbula (parafIb'ula) n. [Gk. para,
beside
L. fibula, a buckle.]
An
accessory element outside the fibula
at its
in
seen
some
proximal end,
;
Lacertilia
and young
Marsupials
(zool.}.
paraflagellum (paraflajeTum)
n. [Gk.
L. fiagellum, a whip.]
subsidiary flagellum (zool.).
paraganglia (par'agang'glla)
flu.
[Gk. para, beside ; ganglion, swellScattered remains or rudiing.]
ments of ganglia left along the
aorta when the suprarenal ganglion
Para, beside
(emb.).
parachromatin
parachute (par'ashoot)
parabranchia (parabrang'kla)
;
cess
;
basis,
base.]
Appl. a
striated apparatus surrounding the
calyx of certain Protozoa (zool.}.
higher
para,
[L.
beside
para, beside
[Gk.
The lateral
ventricle, or cavity of the cerebral
koilos, hollow.]
Of
(papira'shus) a.
papyrus, the papyrus-tree.]
papery texture (dot.}.
a.
n.
(pSr'asel)
;
hemisphere (ana/.).
a.
paracondyloid
(parakon'dlloid)
\Gk.para, beside kondylos, a knob
a
eidos, resemblance.]
Appl.
pro-
(zool.).
papyraceous
parabasal (paraba'sal)
paracoel
beside
n.
[Gk.
beside ; gasler, stomach.]
central cavity of Heterocoela into
which gastric ostia open (zool.).
para,
PAR-
paragastric (paragas'trik) a.
[Gk.
stomach.]
gaster,
para, beside
Pert, a paragaster appl. passages
or cavities in the branches of a
;
Sponge
from
f^cone of Ctenophores (zool.}.
paragastrula (paragas'troola) n.
I
PAR-
226
[Gk.
para, beside gaster, stomach.] The
of
a
the
of
amphiblastula
stage
paramere (par'amer)
paraxnetrium
beside
n.
[Gk.
para, beside ; genesis, descent.]
the
with
parent
Hybrids' fertility
species but not inter se (biol.}.
paraglossa (paraglos'a)
beside
n.
[Gk.para,
process
glossa, tongue.]
ligula of Insects
(*).
(paragll'kojen) n.
paraglycogen
[Gk.
glykos, sweet genos,
production.] Reserve food-material
of
in
stored
protoplasm-grains
para, beside
Gregarines
(zool.}.
paragnatha
(paragna'tha) n. plu.
gnathos, jaw.]
[Gk. para, beside
Paired, delicate, unjointed processes
between maxilla and mandible of
certain Crustacea (zool}.
;
paragnathous
(par'agnath'us)
a.
appl. Birds.
;
Tendency of
turning.]
plants to turn the edges of their
leaves to too brilliant an illumination to save their surfaces (hot.}.
a
parahormone (par'ah&r'mon)
n.
[Gk.
ormao, I arouse to
A substance which acts
activity.]
like a hormone but is a product of
the ordinary metabolism of cells ;
a nerve to
e.g., the sensibility of
carbon dioxide
(p^hys.}.
paralinin (parall'nin) n. [Gk. para,
beside; L. linum, a linen thread.]
Nuclear ground-substance (cyt.}.
parallelinervate, parallelodrome,
appl. leaves with veins or nerves
para, beside
parallel
n.
[Gk. para,
Half of a bisymmetrical structure.
meros, part.]
(paramet'rium) n.
metra, uterus.]
[Gk. para, beside
Fibrous tissue partly surrounding
the uterus (anat.}.
;
paramitome (paraml'tom)
para,
beside
The
interfilar
plasm
n.
[Gk.
mitos, a thread.]
substance of proto-
(cyt.}.
paramylum
[Gk.
(parami'lum) n.
amylon, starch.J A
para, beside
substance allied to starch, occurring in Protozoa (phys.}.
;
paranephric
(paranef'rik) a.
[Gk.
para, beside
nephros, kidney.]
Beside the kidney
appl. a fatty
body behind the renal fascia (anat.}.
;
paranephros
(paranefros) n. [Gk.
para, beside ; nephros, kidney.]
An adrenal body.
paranuclein (paranu'klem) n.
[Gk.
para, beside L. nucleus, a kernel.]
The substance of a true nucleolus
;
(cyt.}.
paranucleus (paranu'kleus)
n.
[Gk.
laterally
paraphysis
(paraf'isis) n.
[Gk. para,
slender
outgrowth
occurring
among
sporogenous
a
non-nervous
outorgans (hot.)
growth on the top of the brain of
;
nearly
all
Vertebrates
(zool.}.
parapineal (paraplne'al) a.
[Gk.
L. pinea, a pinepara, beside
cone.] Appl. an eye-like epiphysis
;
of lampreys, the
other Vertebrates
pineal
(par'aplazm)
beside
plasma,
para,
moulded.]
The
a.
(paramas'tigot)
[Gk. para, beside ; mastis, a whip.]
Having one long principal flagellum
body of
(zool.}.
paraplasm
n.
[Gk.
something
vegetative or less
parapodium (parapo'dTum)
(bot.}.
paramastigote
(cyt.).
n.
[Gk.
para, beside ; pous, a foot.]
on the
bodypaired
process
segments of Polychaets (zool.}.
PARparapolar
[Gk. para,
beside ; polos, a pivot.] Beside the
pole appl. the first two trunk cells
in the development of Rhombozoa
;
(zool.).
(par'apof'isis) n.
parapophysis
[Gk.
physis,
process
apo, from
transverse
arising from a vertebra centrum.
parapteron (parap'teron) n.
[Gk.
para, beside ;pteron, a wing.] The
or
or
shoulder-lappet
scapula
tegula
of an insect mesothorax (zool.}.
para, beside
A
growth.]
parapterum, parapteron.
parapyles (par^apllz) n. plu.
[Gk.
para, beside ; pyle, a gate.] Two
accessory openings in certain developing Radiolarians (zool.).
paraquadrate (parakwod'rat) n. [Gk.
para, beside; L. quadratus, squared.]
The squamosal, a hammer-shaped
bone supporting the
investing
suspensorium, externally (zoo/.).
pararectal (pararek'tal) a. [Gk. para,
Bebeside ; L. rectus, straight.]
side the rectum ; appl. fossa, lymph
glands
parasite
side
(anat.).
(par'aslt) n.
food.]
sitos,
An organism
n. [Gk.para,
A form of
beside
sitos, food.]
symbiosis in which one symbiont,
the parasite, receives advantage
to the detriment of the other, the
host (biol.).
parasitology (par'asitol'oji) n. [Gk.
sitos, food
para, beside
logos,
The science treating
discourse.]
of parasites, especially those affect-
parasitism (par'asitizm)
;
human
beings.
parasphenoid (parasfe'noid)
para, beside
like.]
para, beside
sterile
sphen,
A membrane
n.
wedge
[Gk.
eides,
bone forming
(zool.).
parastemon
(paraste'mSn)
n.
[Gk.
stetnon, a warp.]
stamen
(dot.).
parasternum (parasteYnum)
n.
[Gk.
parately
beside
end.]
telos,
but
in
resulting
para,
Evolution
to that of
superficial
resemblance (biol.).
parathyroid (parathl'roid)
a.
[Gk.
para, beside
thyreos, a shield.]
Beside the thyroid
appl. small
brownish-red glands (anat.).
paratonic (paratSn'ik) a. [Gk. para,
beside; tonos, pitch.] Stimulating;
appl. the influence of light on growing plants (bot.).
paravesical (paraveVikal) a.
[Gk.
para, beside
vesica,
bladder.]
Beside the bladder appl. a fossa
;
(anat.).
mesoderm
(emb.).
parencephalon (par'SnkeTalon,
-s6f-)
parasitic (parasit'lk) a.
[Gk. para,
beside ; sites, food.]
Appl. an
the
at
expense of
organism living
another, and in or on it (biol.).
parasitic castration, castration
caused by the presence of a parasite, as in certain male crabs infested by Sacculina (biol.).
ing
PAR-
227
(parapo'lar) a.
brain.]
est
in
plants
(bot.)
the ground-
n.
plu.
parenchymatous (pargngkim'atus)
a.
parenchymula
(pargngkim'ula)
[Gk. para, beside ; engchyma,
fusion.]
flagellate
n.
in-
sponge larva
(biol.).
PAR-
PAT-
n.
[L. paries, wall.]
central division of a compart-
parles (pa'rlez)
The
ment of Cirripedia
(zool.~).
parietomastoid (parl'etomas'toid) a.
Gk. mastos, breast.]
[L. paries, wall
Connecting mastoid with parietal
a
suture
(anat.}.
appl.
;
parieto-occipital (pari'eto-oksip'ital) a.
[L. paries, wall
occiput, back part
of the head.] Appl. a fissure between parietal and occipital lobes
of the cerebrum (anaf.).
;
parietotemporal (pari'etotem'poral) a.
temporalis, tem[L. paries, wall
porary.] Pert, parietal and temregions ;
poral
appl. an artery
;
(anaf.).
paripinnate (par'ipin'at) a.
equal
pinna, a wing.]
without a terminal leaflet
;
[L. par,
Pinnate
(hot.}.
paroccipital (paroksip'ital) a.
[Gk.
L.
para, beside
occiput^ back of
the head.] Appl. .ventrally-deted
processes of the exoccipitals
;
paroecious (pare'shus) Si
beside oikos, a house.]
theridium and archegonium close.'
to one another
paroicous (bot.).
parolfactory (par'olfak'tori) a. [Gk.
beside
L.
para,
olfactorius, olfactory.] Appl. an area and sulcus
;
paronychia (par'omk'ia)
n.
plu.
_[Gk.
paroophoron (par'ooforon) n.
[Gk.
para, beside oon, egg pherein, to
bear.] A few scattered rudimentary
tubules, remnants of the Wolffian
body in the female (anaf.).
;
parosteal (paros'teal) a.
beside
osteon, bone.]
;
[Gk. para,
Appl. ab-
parotic (parot'ik)
side
ous, ear.]
n.
by fusion of
parotid glands,
glands opening
cavity of
paired
salivary
the mouth
into
Mammals
in
some Am-
parovarium
(par'ova'rium) n.
[Gk.
L. ovarium, ovary.]
para, beside
A small collection of tubules an;
remnant
in
nephros (zool.~).
parthenogenesis (par'thenojSn'esis)
[Gk. parthenos, virgin
descent.]
Reproduction
fertilization by
a male
;
n.
genesis,
without
element
(biol.}.
parthenogenetic (par'thenojenet'ik)
a.
virgin
parthenos,
genesis,
Sjk.
escent.] Appl. plants or animals
developed from seed or ovum without
fertilization
by pollen or
;
spermatozoon (biol.\
parthenogonidia (par'thenb'gonld'ia)
n. plu.
[Gk. parthenos, virgin
Zooids of a
gonos, offspring.]
protozoan colony, with the function
of asexual reproduction (sool.\
parthenospenn (par'thenosperm) n.
[Gk. parthenos, virgin
sperma,
j
seed.] A sperm produced without
fertilization (hot.}.
parthenospore
n.
(par'thenospor)
[Gk. parthenos, virgin sporos, seed.]
spore produced without fertiliza;
tion
(bot.).
base (bot.\
parumbilical (par'umbil'ikal) a. [Gk.
para, beside umbilicus, the navel.]
Beside the navel appl. small veins
from the anterior abdominal wall
;
to the portal
and
iliac
veins (anat.).
patagium (pata'jium) n.
\L. patagium,
PAT-
PEC-
229
like a patella
pan-shaped like a
bordered disc.
patent (pat'fint) a. [L. patens, lying
exopen.]
Spreading widely
;
panded
(biol.}.
of
certain
genos, offspring.]
(biol.}.
(pat'ma) n.
[L. patina,
Circles of plates round
calyx of Crinoids (zool:).
patina
a.
patulent
(pat'ulent),'
a.
iilus)
open.]
[L.
patulous
Spreading open
(pgk'tinat)
.]
iris
expa
n.
[Gk. patein,
to trample on.]
The basal joint of
arachnid chelicerae, used for crushing and expressing the -fluids of
insects (zool.}.
paulospore (pol'ospor) n.
rest ; sporos, seed.]
(biol.}.
pavement
squamous
ated
first
stomach
epithelium of
fitting
flat,
simple
nucle-
together
like
mosaic
(phys.}.
paxilla (paksll'a) n.
peg.]
thick
pectiniform
a ligament of the
gills,
pediof Asteroids, a septum
the corpora cavernosa
;
certain
[L. paxi/lits,
plate
(zool.}.
pectinirhomb (pSk'tlnlromb')
epithelium,
scales,
pecten,
[L. pecten,
[Gk. paula,
resting or
winter stage in development, as a
a stage of suspended decyst
velopment
between
a.
(bot.},
(anat.},
cellariae
(biol.}.
paturon (patu'ron)
Comb-like
appl. leaves
sta
patulus,
[L.
a pecten.
dish.]
supporting
summit
of
n.
[L.
in Cystidea (zool.}.
pectoral (peYtoral)
a.
[L. pectus,
in the
Pert, the chest
breast.]
chest region
appl. arch, girdle,
fins, limbs (zool.}.
;
PEC-
and humerus
pectus
The
pedal
(zool.).
(pSk'tiis) n.
[L. pectus,
breast.]
(ped'al) a.
the foot or
feet
cords,
appl.
a.
(pgd'at)
Pedatipartite.
pes,
[L.
(zool.).
foot.]
a.
[L.
pes, foot partitus, divided.] Appl.
a variety of palmate leaf with
cymose branching of the third order
;
pedatisect (pedat'rsgkt)
a.
[L. pes,
In
;
sectus,
cut.]
pedate
arrangement, and with divisions
nearly to the midrib (bot.).
pedicel (pgd'isel) n. [L. pediculus, a
small foot.]
small, short footstalk of leaf, flower, fruit, or sporthe foot-stalk or
angium (bot.)
stem of a stationary and fixed orfoot
A
;
(zool.).
(zool.).
Arachnids (zool.).
pedipalpus (pgd'ipal'pus)
n.
[L. pes,
(zool.).
peduncle (pfidung'kl)
n.
[L. peduncua small foot.] A stem or stalk,
flower
or
fruit
a
supporting
(bot.)
band of white fibres joining differ-
lus,
a.
[L.
Hymenoptera
(zool.).
pelagic
pedatipartite (pedat'ipar'tit)
foot
pedunculate (pediing'kulat)
Pert.
ganglia.
pedate
ganism
PEN-
230
(pglaj'ik) a.
to place.
pellicle (peTikl)
small
skin.]
n.
[L. pellicula,
The
delicate
pro;
any
(zool.).
pelma
The
(pel'ma) n.
[Gk. pelma, sole.]
sole of the foot.
peloria (pelo'ria) n.
[Gk. pelorios,
monstrous.] Condition of abnormal
regularity a modification of struc;
peloric (pelor'ik) a.
[Gk. pelorios,
monstrous.] Appl. a flower which,
becomes
regular
normally irregular,
(bot.).
pelta
(pel'ta) n.
peltate
appl.
girdle,
cavity,
fin,
n.
[L. penna, a feather.]
leaf midrib (bot.) ; the skeletal
pen (pSn)
pendulous
[L.
pen-
PEN-
to hang.]
Bending downwards from the point of origin
overhanging appl. ovules, branches,
dere,
penial
pencil-shaped ; tipped
with hairs having a structure like
a camel-hair brush.
penis (pe'nls) n. [L. penis, a penis.]
;
or feather.
With
a.
(pgn'takap'sular)
L. capsula, a cap;
five
capsules (bot.).
pentacarpellary (pgn'takarpeTari) a.
five
;
[Gk. pente,
fruit.]
karpos,
With five carpels (bot.).
n,
pentachenium
(pgn'take'nium)
a, not ; chainein,
[Gk. pente, five
to gape.]
form of schizocarp
with five carpels (bot.).
pentacoccous (pSn'takok'us) a. [Gk.
With
pente, five kokkos, kernel.]
five seeds or carpels (bot.).
pentacrinoid (pgn'takrf noid) a. [Gk.
eidos,
pente, five ; krinon, a lily
resemblance.] Resembling a Pentacrinus
appl. a larval stage of
Feather-stars, the fixed stalked
stage like a Pentacrinus (zool.).
;
pentactinal
(pgntak'tTnal) a.
[Gk.
aktis, ray.] Five-rayed ;
pente, five ;
five-branched.
pentacyclic
pente, five
kyklos, a circle.]
ranged
pentadactyl
five
whorls
a.
five digits.
Having
adelphos,
five clusters of
a.
[Gk.
brother.]
more or
less
[Gk. pente,
five
In five
~L.findere, to cleave.]
divisions or lobes (bot.).
;
pentagonal
five
(pe'ntag'onal)
a.
[Gk.
;
gonia, angle.'] Appl.
pente,
the symmetry of a pentamerous
quinary
pentagynous
having
five
angles
a.
[Gk.
(pgntaj'inus)
pentandrous (pgntan'drus)
pente, five
a.
[Gk.
Having
andros, male.]
stamens (&?/.)
pentapetalous (pgn'tapeYalus) a. [Gk.
five ;
a
Pente,
pefalon,
petal.]
five
Having
pentapterous
(pfintap'tgrus) a.
[Gk.
With
;
pteron, wing.]
wings, as some fruits (bot.\
five
pente,
pentasepalous
a.
(pgn'tasep'alus)
;
sepal.]
An
inferior
many-
one-celled,
(bot.\
[Gk. pepsis, a
enzyme secreted
An
digesting.]
by the stomach (phys.}.
(pgp'tik) a.
[Gk. pepsis, a
digesting,]
Relating to or promoting digestion
appl. pepsinsecreting glands of the stomach
peptic
(anat.\
pereion (pgrfon)
convey.]
pentadelphous (pgn'tadeTfus)
five
Ar[Gk.
a finger.]
daktylos,
four limbs normally
terminating in
pente,
[Gk.
(hot.}.
(pen'tadak'til)
all
Having
a.
(pgn'tasik'llk)
;
in five
pente,
flower
(bof.).
five
pentacapsular
sule.]
PER-
231
n.
[Gk. peraioun, to
(zool.).
of years
perennial
(bof.).
(peYgnlal)
a.
[L
per,
PER-
of years
Amphibians
perfoliate
pericardiac
peri(per'fkar'diak),
cardial (pgrTkar'dial) a. [Gk. peri,
round
(tot.).
perennibranchiate (pgren'ibrang'kTat)
a.
annus, year
[L. per, through
Gk.
Having
gills.]
brangchia,
gills persisting throughout life, as
certain
PER-
232
(pgrfo'Hat)
(zoo/.).
a.
[L.
kardia,
pericardium
Pert,
heart.]
surrounding
the
the
the
cavity containing the heart
the heart
;
per,
it (tot.).
vessels (anat.).
membrane enveloping
(anat.}.
pericarp
round
n.
(pgr'ikarp)
[Gk.
pericentral
a.
(pgr'isen'tral)
[Gk.
round
L. centrum, centre.]
or near the centre
appl.
peri,
Round
auxiliary cells
(tot.}.
perichaetium (pgr'ike'shlum) n.
chaite, loose
peri, round
[Gk.
hair.]
(*ooL\
perhydridase (pgrhl'dridas) n.
[L.
Gk. hydor, water.]
per, through
An enzyme which causes the
activation of perhydride hydrogen
;
One
peri,
The ovary
karpos, fruit.]
walls of fruits (tot.).
membranes enveloping
of the
fGk.
age.J A fibrous membrane that
covers cartilages (anat.}.
perichordal (per'ikor'dal) a.
[Gk.
round
a
chorde,
peri,
cord.]
Enveloping or near the notochord
;
(zool.).
perianth (per'ianth) n.
[Gk. peri,
round
A floral
anthos, flower.]
the
external
floral
envelope
whorls,
;
embryo
(emb.}.
segmentation
(emb.}.
periblastula (pgr'iblas'tula)
n.
[Gk.
blastula
Peri, round ; blastos, bud.]
resulting from periblastic segmentation (emb.}.
periblem (pgrTblgm) n.
[Gk. peri,
round blema, a coverlet.] Layers
of ground or fundamental tissue
between dermatogen and plerome
of growing points (tot.).
;
peribranchial (pgr'ibrang'klal)
peri,
round
a. [Gk.
brangchia,
gills.]
appl. a type of
atrial cavity in
Ascidians
perichylous (pgr'iki'lus)
round chylos, juice.]
a.
cells
storage
enchyma
[Gk. peri,
With water-
outside
the
chlor-
(tot.).
point
(tot.}.
periclinium (pgr'Iklin'ium) n.
[Gk.
The
Peri, round
kline, a bed.]
involucre of a composite flower
;
(tot.).
pericranium (pgr'ikra'nium) n.
peri, round ; kranion, skull.]
fibrous membrane
skull (anat.}.
pericycle
round
(pgr'isfkl)
kyklos,
investing
n.
round
the
The
(tot.).
peridental (pgrTden'tal)
a tooth
The
[Gk. peri,
circle.]
[Gk.
a.
[G\L.peri,
L. dens, tooth.]
Investing
appl. a membrane, or the
periosteum of a root
(anat.}.
PER-
PER-
233
peridenn (pgr'idgrm) n.
round
derma, skin.]
;
[Gk. peri,
outer
the external
The
peridesmium (pgr'fdgz'mium) n.
perigyny (pgrij'inl) n.
[Gk. peri,
round gyne, a female.] Arrangement in a perigynous manner.
perihaemal (peYlhe'mal) a.
[Gk.
haima, blood.] Appl.
peri, round
peri,
[Gk.
round
desmos, a band.]
surrounding a ligament
;
Tissue
(anat.}.
peridlal (perld'ial)
a small wallet.]
a.
[Gk. peridion,
Pert, a peridium
(bot.}.
fibrous covering of
n.
[Gk.
testicle.]
the testis
peridiolum
n.
(pgrid'iolum)
[Gk.
small
L. lympha, water.]
fluid
peridium (pgrid'ium)
n.
[Gk. peridion,
of development (emb.}.
perienteric (pgrtgn'tgrik) a.
peri, round enteron, the gut.]
rounding the enteron (zool.}.
;
round
gaster,
stomach.]
Surrounding the viscera appl. the
abdominal cavity.
peri,
segmentation
(emb.}.
the
envelope or perianth
involucre round the antheridium of
Mosses (bot.} a gonotheca (zool.}.
floral
(pSr'fjTn'Ium)
peri,
round
Pert, the
scrotum.]
perinaeum
n.
[Gk.
perinaeum
perigonium (peVigo'nlum) n.
[Gk.
peri, round gone, generation.] A
perigynium
perimysium (pgrTmiz'ium)
[Gk.
Sur-
perienteron (pgrtgn'tgron) n.
[Gk.
round ; enteron, gut.]
A
peri,
cavity surrounding the enteron or
The
(bot.}.
round
(anat.}.
ficial
hypogynous
perididymis (pgr'idid'imTs)
pert, round
didymos, a
The
enveloping tissue
of
the
kidney
(anaf.).
perineurium
pert, round
(pgr'inu'rlum) n.
a nerve.]
; neuron,
[Gk.
The
nerve fibres
(anat.}.
perinium (pgrln'fum) n.
[Gk. peri,
An epispore,
round
is, a fibre.]
;
PER-
or microspore-coating of certain
Pteridophytes (hot.).
periodicity (pe'riodis'itT) n. [Gk.peri,
round
The fulfilodos, a way.]
ment of functions at regular periods
or intervals ; rhythm (&/.).
;
perioesophageal (per'ie'sofaje'al) a.
[Gk.peri, round oisophagos, gullet.]
Surrounding the oesophagus appl.
a nerve ring (zoo/.).
periosteum (peYlos'teum) n.
[Gk.
The
osteon, bone.]
pert, round
connective membranous tissue investing the surface of bones (anat.).
periostracum (per'los'trakum) n. [Gk.
ostrakon, shell.] The
peri, round
;
chitinous
external layer
Mollusc shells
periotic
round
of
most
(zoo/.).
n.
(peViot'ik)
ous, ear.]
[Gk. peri,
cranial
bone
ture
(oof.).
peripharyngeal
[Gk.peri, round
a.
(peYifarin'jeal)
pharyngx, gullet.]
or
Encircling
pharynx
surrounding
the
ans (zoo/.).
peripheral (pgrlfgral)
a.
[Gk. peri,
peripherical
peri,
(per'ifeYikal)
round
pherein,
a.
[Gk.
to
bear.]
round
The
pherein, to bear.]
boundary outline of a surface or
;
part.
n.
periphysis
(pgrlf'isis)
[Gk. peri,
In certain
physis, growth.]
Fungi, a filament branching from
a hymenium without asci (bot.).
periplasin (per'iplazm) n. [Gk. peri,
round
round ;^/^wa,somethingmoulded.]
region of an oogonium outside
the oosphere, in Fungi (bot.).
The
n.
periplast (peYiplast)
round
PER-
234
plastos,
[Gk. peri,
moulded.]
The
of certain Mastigophora
intercellular substance of tissues (zoo/.).
peripneustic (peVipnu'stik) a. [Gk.
.
peri,
ing.]
periproct (per'iprokt) n.
[Gk. peri,
perisarc
round
(peYlsark) n.
sarx, flesh.]
[Gk.
peri,
The tough
perisome (peYisom) n.
[Gk. peri,
round soma, body.] A body-wall
the integument of Echinoderms
;
(zoo/.).
perispore (per'ispor)
round;
sporos,
n.
[Gk. peri,
A spore-
seed.]
cell in
peristalsis (per'istal'sis) n.
round
food
is
means
[Gk. peri,
Move-
s tellfin, to place.]
ment of the
Algae
(Phys.).
peristaltic (pgr'istal'tlk) a.
[Gk. peri,
round
stellein, to place.]
Af.
the movement by which fo
digested, forced along the aliment;
cella,
(zoo/.).
The
interval
elapsing between
diastole and systole of the heart
(phys.).
perithecium (per'ithe'shium)
n.
[Gk.
PERround
peri,
theke,
case.]
round
Pert.
teinein, to stretch.]
the peritoneum appl. cavity, fossa,
;
membrane
(anat.).
peritoneum (peYitone'um)
teinein, to
peri, round
;
n.
[Gk.
stretch.]
in Insects (zoo/.).
peritrichous
round
a.
(peVitrik'us)
[Gk.
thrix, hair.]
Having
band of
the adoral
cilia
arranged
in a spiral as in Vorticella (zoo/.).
peritrochium (peYitro'klum) n. [Gk.
A
trochos, a wheel.]
peri, round
a circularly ciliated
ciliary band
;
larva
(zoo/.).
peritrophic
round
(per'itrof'ik) a.
trophe, food.]
[Gk.peri,
Appl. a fold
(anat.}.
(peVivIs'gral) a.
[Gk.
round ; L. viscera, bowels.]
perivisceral
peri,
body
appl. the
(pgr'Tvitglfn)
a.
[Gk.
round
L. vitellus, yolk of
Surrounding the yolk of an
;
egg-
permanent
cartilage, cartilage
which remains unossified throughout life opp. temporary (zoo/.).
;
permanent
teeth,
set of other
permanent
peronium (pSro'mum) n.
\Gk.perone,
In Trachomedusae, one
fibula.]
of the mantle-rivets, or cartilaginous
processes ascending from the disc
margin towards the centre (zoo/.).
peroral (pSro'ral) a. [L.fler, through
os, mouth.]
Appl. a membrane of
Infusoria formed by concrescence
of rows of cilia (zoo/.).
(zoo/.).
persistent (pSrsIs'tSnt)
Mammals.
tissue consisting
of cells which have completed their
and
period of growth
subsequently
change little till they lose their
tissue,
a.
[L. per,
youth, as gills
(zoo/.).
n.
[L. persona, a
individual or zooid of
person (peVs5n)
An
person.]
cavity.
perivitelline
peri,
egg.]
(anat.}.
peri,
PER-
235
a colony (zoo/.).
personate (peYsonat) a. [L. personatus, masked.]
Appl. a corolla of
two lips, closely approximated and
with a projection of the lower closing
the throat of the corolla (dot.}.
perspiration (peYspfra'shun) n. [L.
per, through ; spirare, to breathe.]
Exudation or excretion through the
pores of the skin (phys.}.
pertusate (pgrtu'sat) a. [L. pertusus,
thrust through.]
Pierced at the
apex
perula
(oof.).
[Gk.
(peVula, pgr'oola) n.
A leaf-bud scale
Pera, a wallet.]
(bot.},
pervalvar (pgrval'var) a.
[L. per,
valvae,
through
folding-doors.]
;
PERDividing
valve
longitudinally
(bot.}.
(btol.}
appl. nostrils with no septum
between the nasal cavities (zool.}.
pes (pez) n. [L. pes, foot.] A foot or
;
as certain parts
of the brain, branches of the facial
foot-like structure
nerve (anat.}.
pessulus (peVulus)
\Gk.petalon, a petal.]
of the separate parts of a
(pet'al) n.
One
corolla
(bot.}.
petaliform
a.
(pgtal'iform)
[Gk.
petalon, petal ; L. forma, shape.]
Petal-shaped ; petal-like ; petaloid ;
petaline.
petalled (peVald)
petal.]
With
petalody
[Gk. petalon, a
a.
petals
opp. apetalous
petaliferous
(bot.}.
(pgtal'ddi) n.
[Gk. petalon,
Coneidos, resemblance.]
petal
version of other parts of a flower
:
into petals
(hot.).
petasma (ptaz'ma)
n.
\Gk.petasma,
anything spread out.] A complicated membranous plate on the
inner side of the peduncle with
interlocking coupling hooks, an
apparatus of certain Crustacea
(zool.}.
petiolar
(pgt'iolar)
petrohyoid
a.
(pet'rohi'oid)
[Gk.
petros, stone ; hyoeides, Y-shaped.]
Pert, hyoid and petrous part of
temporal (anat.}.
petromastoid (pet'romas'toid) a.
[Gk.
Pert.
; mastos, breast.]
the mastoid process and the petrous
portion of the temporal (anat.}.
a.
petrooccipital
(pet'rooksip'ital)
L. occipzit, back
[Gk. petros, stone
of the head.] Pert, occipital and
petrous part of temporal
appl. a
petros, stone
n.
[L. pessulus, a
internal skeletal element
bolt.]
in the syrinx of some Birds,
An
petal
PHA-
236
a.
[L. petiolus,
a little foot.]
Pert, having, or
growing on a small stalk (bot.}.
petiolate (pgt'iolat) a.
[L. petiolus,
a small foot.] Growing on a petiole
(bot.} ; having thorax and abdomen
(zool.}.
fissure (anat.}.
petrosal (pgtro'sal)
a.
[Gk. petros,
Solidly bony
stone.]
appl. a
a
sphenoidal process,
ganglion of
the glossopharyngeal, to nerves and
sinus in the region of the petrous
portion of the temporal bone (anat.};
appl. the otic bones of Fishes (zool. }.
;
petrosphenoidal (pet'rosfenoid'al) a.
[Gk. petros, stone
sphen, wedge.]
Pert, sphenoid and petrous part of
temporal appl. a fissure (anat.}.
;
petrosquamosal (pet'roskwamo'sal) a.
L. squama,
[Gk. petros, stone
scale.] Pert, squamosal and petrous
part of temporal
appl. sinus and
;
suture (anat.}.
petrotympanic
(pSt'rotimpan'ik)
\G\a.petros, stone
Pert, tympanum
tion of temporal
a.
tympanon, drum.]
and petrous
;
por-
a fissure
appl.
(anat.}.
petrous
(pet'riis)
a.
[Gk.
petros,
(anat.}.
oval patches of
Peyer's patches,
aggregated lymph follicles on the
intestine walls (zool.}.
eidos,
resemblance.]
Lentil-
shaped.
phaeism
n.
(fe'izm)
[Gk. phaios,
Duskiness
the
dusky.]
appl.
colouring of butterflies,
phaeochrome (fe'okrom) n.
[Gk.
;
PHA-
PHL-
237
colour.]
dusky
Chromaphil.
phaios,
chroma,
colour.
phaeodium
(feo'dlum) n. \Gk..phaios,
In
eidos, resemblance.]
Protozoa, an aggregation
of food and excretory substances
forming a mass round the central
dusky
certain
capsule aperture
(zool.).
(fag'oslt) n.
[Gk. phagein,
to eat
colourkytos, hollow.]
less blood-corpuscle which tends
to take in and destroy foreign
particles (phys.).
(anat.).
n.
[Gk.
hollow.]
destruction of
phagocytes
(Physl).
phalange
n.
[Gk. phalangx,
line of battle.]
A bundle of stamens
united by filaments (dot.).
(fa.la.nj')
phalangeal
phalangx,
phalanges
a.
[Gk.
Pert, the
(falan'jeal)
line of battle.]
;
of Corti's rods,
etc. (anat.).
(fal'angks)
//.,
phalanges
(fal'us)
n.
[Gk.
phallos,
penis.
phanerocodonic (fan'erokodon'ik)
a.
kodon, a
bell.]
Appl. detached and freeswimming zooids of a hydroid
colony (zool.).
phanerogam
(fangr'ogam) n.
[Gk.
phaneros, manifest games, union.]
A phaenogam or plant with conspicuous flowers ; cf. cryptogam
;
(hot.).
phanerogamous
(fanSrog'amus) a.
gamos,
[Gk. phaneros, manifest
union.] Appl. plants with flowers
and stamens
containing
pistils
:
(hot.).
pharyngeal
gullet or
phagocytosis (fag'oslto'sis)
kytos,
phagein, to eat
penis.]
pharynx
(dot.).
phagocyte
phallus
pharyngopalatine (farlng'gopal'atin)
a.
[Gk. pharyngx, gullet L. palPert, pharynx and
atus, palate.]
palatine
appl. arch and muscle
;
phalanx
(farin'jeal,
far'inje'al)
a.
phelloderm
(feToderm)
n.
[Gk.
phellos, cork
inner side
of
the
cork-cambium
(dot.).
philtrum
(fil'trum) n.
[Gk. philiron,
vein
enteron,
intestine.]
vein
oidein,
to
swell.]
phloem
n.
(flo'Srn)
[Gk. phloios,
The soft bast of
of
vascular bundles, consisting
sieve-tube tissue (dot.).
thin -walled
phloem parenchyma,
parenchyma associated with the
sieve-tubes of phloem (dot.).
phloem sheath, the pericycle, together with the inner layer of a
smooth bark.]
PHL-
PHRwhere
sheath
bundle
the
latter
dermis
scale.]
light
[Gk.
sphaira, a
globe.]
certain Crus-
Luminous organs of
tacea
(zool.}.
photosynthesis
(fo'tosin'thests)
(dot.}.
pholidosis
photospheres
phos,
(bot.}.
phloeoterma (fle'oteYma) n.
[Gk.
terma, end.] Endophloios, bark
(fol'ido'sis) n.
[Gk. pholis,
Scale arrangement of scaled
animals.
phonation
sound.]
duction.
[Gk. phone,
sound pro-
phoranthium
(foran'thium) n.
[Gk.
pherein, to bear ; anthos, flower.]
The receptacle of composite plants
(dot.}.
phorozooid
n.
synthesis, a putting
assimilation
(biol}.
phototaxis
(fb'na'shun) n.
Of Insects,
Carbon
together.]
[Gk.
an arrangement.]
taxis,
Response
phototonus
n.
(f 6'totak'sis)
phos, light
(fo'toto'nus) n.
\Gk.phos,
n.
(fo'rozo'oid)
[Gk.
zoon, animal
pherein, to bear
Foster forms
eidos, resemblance.]
of Doliolum buds, never sexually
mature but set free with gonozooids
attached to a ventral outgrowth
(zool}.
pliragma (frag'ma)
phosphene
(fos'fen) n.
[Gk. phos,
light ; phainein, to show.]
light
on
the
retina
due to
impression
(bot.}.
(bot.}.
n.
[Gk. phragina,
a fence.] A spurious dissepiment
a septum (bot.} a thoracic partition
in Insects (zool}.
phosphorescence
(fos'fores'ens)
n.
photodynamics
(fo'todinam'iks) n.
[Gk. phos, light dynamis, strength.]
The study of the effects of lightstimulation on plants (hot.}.
;
photogen
(fo'tojen) n.
[Gk. phos,
gene, production.] The lightproducing organ of certain Polychaets (zool}.
photogenic (fo'tojgn'ik) a. [Gk. phos,
light ; gene, production.]
Light-
light
light
producing
phosphorescent.
photopathy
(fotop'athi)
[Gk.
Repathos, feeling.]
16
stimulus
sponse
(bot.}.
light
.
phos, light
photophilous
a.
(fotof'ilus)
[Gk.
phos, light ;philos, loving.] Seeking
and thriving in strong light (hot.}.
photophore (fo'tofor) n. [Gk. phos,
light
pherein, to bear.] A phosphorescent organ of Fishes (zool.}.
;
photophygous (fotofigus)
phos, light phyge, flight]
strong light (biol}.
;
a.
[Gk.
Avoiding
phrenic (fren'ik) a.
[Gk. phren,
diaphragm.] Pert, or in the region
of the diaphragm
appl.
nerve, plexus, vein (anal}.
;
artery,
flexure to
diaphragm (anat.},
a,
phrenicocostal
(fren'lkokos'tal)
L. costa,
[Gk. phren, diaphragm
rib.]
Appl. a narrow slit or sinus
between the costal and diaphragmatic pleurae (anat.}.
phrenicolienal (frgn'iktille'nal) a. [Gk.
phren, diaphragm L. lien, spleen.]
Appl. a ligament forming part of
the peritoneum reflected over the
spleen and extending to the dia;
phragm (anat}.
phrenicopericardiac(fren'ik6per'ikar'diak) a.
[Gk. phren, diaphragm
peri, round ; kardia, heart.] Appl.
;
ligament
PHYphycochrome
(fl'kokrom) n.
[Gk.
chroma, colour.]
phykos, seaweed
The colouring matter of blue-green
;
Algae (dot.).
phycocyanln (ffkosi'anin) n. [Gk.
phykos, seaweed kyanos, dark blue.]
The pigment of blue-green Algae
;
phycoerythrin (f I'koeVithrin) n.
phykos, seaweed
erythros,
;
[Gk.
red.]
substance
buff-coloured
of
diatoms (bot.).
phylactocarp (filak'tokarp) n.
[Gk.
phylaktikos, guard ing; karpos, fruit.]
A modification of the hydrocladium
in
Hydromedusae
history
(fllet'ik)
a.
[Gk. phylon,
phylum or race
Pert,
race.]
(biol.).
(ffl'od)
eidos,
phyllody
leaf;
n.
[Gk. phyllon,
The
resemblance.]
(fil'odi)
eidos,
foliage leaf
(bot.).
phyllogenetlc (ffl'qjeneYik)
phyllon,
leaf;
or
(fil'ad)
foliage.]
phyllary
genesis,
a.
[Gk.
descent.]
leaves
developing
(bot.).
phylloid
(fil'oid)
a.
[Gk. phyllon,
phyllomania (fiToma'nia)
leaf;
phyllon,
mania,
Abnormal leaf-production
phyllomorphosis
Leaf-like.
n.
[Gk.
madness.]
(bot.).
n.
(fTl'omor'fosis)
phyllophagous
phyllon,
(filof'agus) a.
leaf; phagein, to
[Gk.
eat.]
minal bud
or
The
ter-
growing point
of
palms.
phyllophorous
(filof'orus)
leaf;
pherein,
a.
[Gk.
to
bear.]
phyllade
[Gk. phyllas,
n.
[Gk. phyllon,
of the bracts of the in-
(fil'ari)
One
n.
phyllobranchia
(fil'obrang'kia)
n.
phyllocyst
leaf;
phyllon,
(biol.).
phyletic
leaf.]
n.
[Gk. phyllon,
resemblance.] A winged
petiole with flattened surfaces placed
laterally to the stem, functioning as
a leaf (bot.).
leaf
Producing
(bot.).
The
phyllode
(bot.).
The
PHY-
239
(f il'osTst) n.
kystis,
[Gk. phyllon,
bladder.] The rudi-
of Isoetes
(bot.).
phyllopodium
(fll'opo'dium) n.
foot.]
[Gk.
The
a
(filop'odus)
[Gk.
phyllon, leaf; pous, foot.] Having
leaf-like swimming-feet, as in Bran-
phyllopodous
phyllospondylous
(fil'ospon'dilus)
a.
leaf;
phyllon,
sphondylos,
vertebra.]
Appl. vertebrae consisting of hypocentrum and neural
both contributing to the
arch,
hollow transverse process, as in
[Gk.
Stegocephals (zool.).
phyllotaxis (fil'otak'sTs) n.
[Gk.
phyllon, leaf; taxis, arrangement.]
The system of leaf-arrangement on
PHYn.
[Gk.
animal.]
shield-shaped medusoid of protective function ; a hydrophyllium
of Hydromedusae (zool.).
phyllozooid
(fll'ozo'oid)
leaf;
phyllon,
zoon,
phylogenesis, phylogeny.
phylogenetic (fl'lqjengt'ik) a.
[Gk.
phylon, race ; genesis, descent.]
Pert, race - history ; appl. reproductive cells as opp. autogenetic or
phylogerontic
(fl'lqjgron'tlk) a.
[Gk.
phylon, race ; geron, an old man.]
Appl. the decadent stage in race(biol.).
a division in
classifi-
phyloneanic
(fi'lonean'ik) a.
[Gk.
phylon, race ; neanikos, youthful.]
Appl. the youthful stage in race-
history
(biol.').
[Gk.
(fiz'isist) n.
[Gk. physikos,
An upholder of the
physical.]
that
vital
theory
phenomena are
explicable on a physico-chemical
basis (biol.).
nature
(fiziqj'e'ni) n.
gene,
development
[Gk. physis,
The
production.]
activities
of vital
(Haeckel).
physiological zero,
[Gk.
stoma, mouth.]
digestive
connected throughout
(ffz'iol'oji) n.
[Gk. physis,
The
nature ; logos, discourse.]
study of functions and activities of
organisms.
physoclistous (fi'soklls'tus) a. [Gk.
kleiein, to close.]
physa, bladder
Having no channel connecting
;
life
by
phytobiology
bios, life
The
course.]
n.
(fl'tobloTqji)
phyton, plant
[Gk.
logos, dis-
life-history of plants.
n.
(fftokem'istri)
phytochemistry
plant
chymeia, an
of plant
The chemistry
infusion.]
life.
phylogenesis
phyton,
The
(fi'tojen'e'sis)
plant
n.
[Gk.
genesis, descent.]
development of plants.
;
phytogeography
(fi'tojeog'rafi)
n.
phytoid
plant
a.
[Gk. phyton,
resemblance.] Plant-
(fi'toid)
eidos,
like.
phytology
plant
n.
[Gk. phyton,
Botany.
[Gk. phyton,
Vegetative plant-substance
(fltol'djl)
logos, discourse.]
plant.]
n.
(flto'ma)
(bot.).
phytomer
(fl'tomer) n.
[Gk. phyton,
structural
meros, part.]
plant
unit of a plant a bud-bearing node
(bot.).
phytomorphic
(fl'tomor'fik) a.
[Gk.
morphe, form.]
With
plant-like structure.
phyton
(fl'ton) n.
rudimentary plant
a phytomer
(bot.).
phyton,
see zero.
physiology
tract
phyton, plant
(biol.).
physiogeny
(fl'longp'ionlk) a.
(fisos'tomus) a.
physa, a bladder
phytoma
(biol.).
phylonepionic
physostomous
[Gk. phyton,
n.
[Gk. phylon,
race ;
The
genesis,
descent.]
history of the development of a
species or race, as opp. ontogeny,
that of the individual {biol.}.
history
PIA-
240
Feeding
plant
on
phagein, to eat.]
herbivorous
;
plants
(zool.).
phytophilous
(fltofilus)
plant ;
philos,
phyton,
Plant-eating (zool.).
phytophysiology
a.
[Gk.
loving.]
(fl'tofiz'iol'qji)
n.
physis, nature ;
Plant physiology,
a branch of Botany,
phytoplasm (fl'toplazm) n.
[Gk.
phyton, plant plasma, something
The protoplasm of
moulded.]
logos, discourse.]
plants
(bot.).
PIG-
[L.
(anat.).
pigment
to
(pig'me'nt)
n.
[L. pingere,
Colouring matter in
paint.]
plants or animals.
a chromatophore
cell,
pigment
cell
PIN
241
containing
or
matter
colouring
pinealis (pine'alls) n.
[L. pinea, a
pine-cone.] An upgrowth from the
roof of the midbrain of Vertebrates
the pineal body or gland or eye.
pinna (pln'a) n. [L. pinna, a feather.]
A leaflet of a pinnate leaf (do/.)
the outer ear
a bird's feather or
wing
pinnate
fish-fin (zoo!.).
n.
[L.
organism
(dio!.).
Divided
(pll'ea'te'd) a.
;
The
cap.]
manner; with
[L. pinna, a
in a feathery
lateral processes ; of
leaf, having leaflets
a compound
on each side of an axis or midrib
(do/.).
pileate i
a.
(pin'at)
feather.]
(dto!.).
pigmentation (plg'me'nta'shun)
of a bird.
pileus (pll'eus)
midrib (fot.).
pinnatilobate (plnat'ilo'bat) a.
[L.
Gk. lobos, a lobe.]
pinna, feather
With leaves pinnately lobed (oof.).
pinnation (plna'shun) n. [L. pinna,
Pinnate condition (boi.\
feather.]
;
n.
[L. pileus, a felt
cap.] The umbrella-shaped structure of a mushroom (dot.), or of a
pinnatiped (pinat'ipgd)
jelly-fish (zoo/.).
pinnatisect (ptnat'isekt)
pilifer
(pil'Ifgr)
ferre, to carry.]
n.
of Lepidoptera (zoo!.).
piliferous (pilif'grus) a.
[L. pilus,
hair ferre, to carry.] Bearing or
producing hair (dto!.) ; appl. the
outermost layer of a root or epi;
rise
to
root-
(oof.).
pilose (pflos) a.
[L. pilus, hair.]
Hairy.
pilus (pl'lus). [L. fli/us, hair.] One
of slender hair - like structures
The
pincers,
prehensile claws,
lobster chelae of Insects
cerae of Arachnids (zoo!.).
;
as
;
of
cheli-
a.
[L. pinna,
sectus, cut.]
a.
[L.
pinna,
With
leaves
feather
(dof.).
pinnule (pln'ul)
A secondary
leaf (dot.)
n.
in Crinoids,
one of the
piscicolous (pisik'olus) a.
[L. piscis,
Living
inhabit.]
within fishes, as certain parasites
fish
colere,
to
(zool.).
pisciform (pis'iform) a.
[L. piscis,
fish
forma, shape.] Shaped like
a fish.
piscivorous (pisiv'orus) a. [L. piscis,
;
fish
PLA-
242
PIS-
to
vorare,
eating.
;
devour!]
Fish-
a.
pisum, a
Pea-shaped
[L.
[L. pistillum,
pistillum, a pestle.]
sexual
of
organ
Pteridophytes, and
n.
[L.
The female
Bryophytes,
Gymnosperms
(bot.).
depression (smb.}.
pitcher (pit'sher) n. [L.L. picarium,
a beaker.] A modification of a leaf
for insect-catching purposes, as the
pitcher-shaped leaf of Nepenthes
medulla
n.
or
(bot.)
in eutherian
by interlocking of
and maternal tissue in the
and in which maternal and
uterus,
foetal blood are in close proximity,
allowing nutritive and respiratory
elements to pass from the former to
the latter by osmosis.
appl.
Mammals
pla-
centate.
placochromatic (plak'okromat'ik) a.
[Gk. plax, a plate chroma, colour.]
With plate-arrangement of chrom;
atophores (cyt.).
placoid (plak'oid) a.
[Gk. plax, a
Plateeidos, resemblance.]
plate
;
appl. the
teeth
flattened
blastula
with
small
branches
(bot.).
plagiotropism
(pla'jiot'rb'pizm)
n.
plagios,
oblique ; trope, a
Tendency to incline
turning.]
from the vertical line (bot.).
[Gk.
plagiotropous
(bot.}.
pith (pith)
to rotation (phys.).
structure formed
pisiform (pl'siform)
pistillidium
(pla'jiot'ropus) a.
[Gk.
plagios, oblique
trope, a turning.]
Obliquely inclined ; appl. the asymmetrical polar cap of Rhombozoa
;
(zool.).
planiform (pla'niform)
a.
[L. planus,
PLAlevel
flat
With nearly
forma, shape.]
surface
tion surfaces.
(plangk'tSn) n.
[Gk.
plangktos, wandering.] The animal
and plant life floating through
water, including animals with weak
locomotory power
planoblast
plasmocyte (plafmoslt)
n.
plasma, something formed
hollow.]
plankton
(biol.}.
[Gk.
;
kytos,
leucocyte (pkys.}.
plasmodial (plazmo'dlal) a.
[Gk.
plasma, a mould
eidos, form.]
Pert, a plasmodium.
plasmodiocarp (plazmo'dlokarp') n.
[Gk. plasma, a mould eidos, form
karpos, fruit] A modification of a
ilasmodium in some slime Moulds
;
n.
(plan'oblast)
[Gk.
blastos, bud.]
wandering
free-swimming hydroid individual
pianos,
PLA-
243
[Gk.
a
pianos,
wandering;
gamete,
spouse.] A ciliated motile protoplast or microzoospore of Algae
of amoeboid masses
without nuclear fusion ; the naked
protoplasm of Myxomycetes (biol.}.
(zool.}.
Planogamete (plan'ogainef)
n.
(bot.}.
plasmogamy plastogamy.
plasmolysis (plazmol'isis) n.
[Gk.
plasma, a mould lysis, a loosing.]
The withdrawal of water from plant
protoplasm, causing contraction of
,
planont (plan'ont)
The
n,
[Gk. pianos,
initial amoebula-
wandering.]
stage of Neosporidia (zool.}.
planta (plan'ta) n. [L. planta, sole of
the foot.] The sole of the foot
the first tarsal joint of Insects.
of the foot.]
foot
arteries,
a.
appl.
ligaments,
muscles, nerves, veins (anat.}.
;
plantigrade
a.
(plan'tlgrad)
[L.
planta, sole of the foot ; gradus, a
Walking with the whole sole
step.]
of the foot touching the ground.
The ovoid
flat.]
swimming larva of
young
free-
Coelenterates
planum
(plan'um) n.
[L. planus,
plane or area ; appl. certain cranial bone surfaces (anat.}.
plasma
(plaz'ma) n.
[Gk. plasma,
The "liquid
something formed.]
"
tissue of body fluids through which
and
leucocytes
corpuscles are disseminated
protoplasm generally
;
(biol.}.
plasm a tic
(plazmat'Ik)
}.
(cyt.}.
plasmotomy
(plazmot'oml) n. [Gk.
plasma, a mould tome, a cutting.]
Division of a plasmodium by cleav;
(biol.}.
planus,
(zool.}.
flat.]
collection
a.
[Gk.
Pert.
plasmatoparous (plaz'matop'arus) a.
plasma, something formed
Cik.
parere, to beget.] Developing
a mycelium directly upon germina;
thetical units.
plastic (plas'tik) a.
[Gk. plastos,
Formative ; appl. subformed.]
stances used in forming or building
up tissues or organs appl. force
;
plastodynamia
(plas'todlnam'ia)
n.
(bot.}.
(Phys.}.
as
the
PLA-
plastogamy (plastog'ami) n.
[Gk.
plastos, formed games, marriage.]
Union of distinct protozoan indi;
tures
(zool.}.
With
as
(zool.}.
platysma
n. [Gk. platysma,
(platiz'ma)
a flat piece.]
A broad sheet of
muscle beneath the superficial fascia
of the neck (anat.}.
plectonephridia (plek'tonefrid'ia) n.
more
Living
kyklos,
circle.]
through more than one cycle of
as
a
activity,
perennial plant (bot.}.
pleiomerous (pliom'erus) a.
[Gk.
;
more
pleiotaxy
more
(pli'otak'si) n.
taxis,
[Gk. pleion,
arrangement.]
multiplication of whorls,
double flowers (bot.}.
as
in
The abdominal
taceans
;
region
of Crus-
(zool.}.
pleopod (ple'opod)
sail
PLE-
244
or
appendage
Crustaceans
swimming -leg
n.
[Gk.
kestos, girdle
eidos,
inetacestode, or sexless
encysted stage of a cestoid worm
pleros,
full
form.]
(zool.}.
plerome (pleYom)
n.
[Gk. pleroma,
completion.] The core or central
part of an apical meristem (bot.}.
pleura (ploo/a) n.
[Gk. pleura,_ a
serous membrane lining
side.]
the thoracic cavity and investing
the lung (anat.}.
pleural (ploor'al) a. [Gk. pleura, a
Pert, a pleura or pleuron
side.]
as pleural ganglia (zool.}.
pleuralia (ploora'lia) n. plu. [Gk.
pleura, a side.] Defensive spicules
scattered over the general surface
of the body (zool.}.
pleurapophysis
(ploor'apofisls)
[Gk. pleein, to
An abdominal
n,
pleurobranchiae (ploor'obrang'kie)
n.
plu.
gills.]
(zool.}.
pleurocarpous(ploor'6kar'pus) a. [Gk.
pleura, a side karpos, fruit.] Appl.
Mosses with fructification on lateral
;
branches
(bot.}.
pleurocentrum
(ploor'osen'triim) n.
L. centrum, a
;
lateral element of the
fossil
pleurocerebral
(ploor'6'seYebral) a.
[Gk. pleura, a side ; L. cerebrum,
Pert,
brain.]
pleural and cerebral
ganglia, in Molluscs (zool.}.
pleurodont
a.
(ploor'odont)
[Gk.
pleura, side ; odous, tooth.] Having
teeth fixed by their sides to the
lateral surface of the jaw ridge, as
in some Lizards (zool.}.
pleuron (ploor'on)
n.,
pleura
(ploor'a),
The
plu.
[Gk. pleuron, a side.]
external lateral pieces of the body
the
of
segments
Arthropods
lateral extensions of Crustacean
;
n.
pous, foot.]
of
(zool.}.
plerocestoid (pler'oses'toid)
shells (zool.}.
PNE-
PLEpleuropedal (ploo/oped'al)
pleura, a side
and
pleural
Molluscs
a.
[Gk.
L. pes, foot.]
Pert.
pedal
of
ganglia
(zoo/.),
pleuroperltoneum
n.
itone'um)
peri,
round
teinein,
to
stretch.]
abdomen
pleura,
lateral
young
some Insects
of
pleurosteon
n.
[Gk.
process (zoo/.).
a.
pleurotribe
[Gk.
(ploor'otrib)
pleura, side tribein, to rub.] Appl.
flowers whose anthers and stigma
are so placed as to rub the sides of
a device
insects entering them,
;
(to/.).
pleurovisceral
(ploor'ovis'e'ral)
L. viscera,
[Gk. pleura, side
;
testines.]
Pert, pleural
and
a.
in-
visceral
(ana/.).
(plik'at)
a.
[L. plicare,
to
plumage
n.
[L. pluma,
(ploom'aj)
The entire covering of
feathers of a bird.
feather.]
plumate
(ploom'at) a.
[L.
pluma,
Plume-like in arrangement.
plume (ploom) n. [L. pluma, feather.]
feather.]
[L.
head.
Feathered.
plumiped
feather
(ploom'Tpe'd) n.
pes, foot.]
feathered
[L.
pluma,
bird with
feet.
a.
[L. pluma,
feather.] Feathery; having feathers;
feather-like ; appl. a type arrangement of skeletal fibre in Sponges,
plumula, a plumule,
plumulaceous, plumulate.
plumulate (ploom'ulat) a. [L. plumula, a small feather.]
Downy with
;
downy covering.
plumule (ploom'ul)
n.
[L. plumula,
a small feather.] A primary bud
which develops the primary axis of
a stem (to/.)
the androconia of
numerous butterflies
a down;
feather
(zoo/.).
pluriaxial (ploor'iak'slal)
more
axis, axle.]
on
developed
a.
[L. plus,
Having flowers
secondary
shoots
(to/.).
plurilocular
plus, more
a.
[L.
loculus, a little place.]
(ploor'Ilfik'ular)
;
loculi.
(ploor'ipar'tit)
plus,
more
With
many
ftartitus,
divisions,
a.
[L.
divided.]
lobes, or
partitions.
plicate
n.
(ploomlkom)
pluma,
plumose (ploom'os)
(zoo/.).
(plooros'teon)
plumicome
plurivalent
(plooriv'alfint,
ploor'Iva'-
more valere, to be
Appl. a chromatin-rod with
more than one chromosome (cyt.).
pluteal (ploot'eal) a.
[L. pluteus, a
iSnt) a.
[L. plus,
worth.]
shed.]
Pert, a pluteus.
PNEin the
cavities, as
birds
bones of flying
(zool.).
cavities.
pneumatocyst
pneuma, air
(nu'matosTst) n.
[Gk.
a bladder.]
;
kystis,
air-bladder or swim-bladder of
Fishes
pneuinatophore (nu'matofor)
[Gk.
pneuma, air pherein, to bear.] The
air-sac or float of Siphonophores
an air-bladder of marsh or
(zool.}
n.
shore-plants
pneumatopyle
pneuma, air
(hot.).
[Gk.
(nu'matopll) n.
One of
pyle, gate.]
of
pneumatophore,
pores
opening above to the exterior in
certain Siphonophores (zool.}.
a.
pneumogastric
(nu'mogas'trik)
[Gk. pneuma, air gaster, stomach.]
Appl. the tenth cranial nerve,
supplying heart, lungs, and viscera
;
of
cf.
aerotaxy (phys.\
pod (pod) n. [M.E. pod, a bag.]
of two valves
manya husk
(bot.\
podal (pS'dal)
Pert, feet
a.
j>edal.
podeon (po'deSn)
The
n.
petiole or slender
of the
abdomen
of
Hymenoptera
podetium (pode'shium)
n.
[Gk. pous,
foot.]
(zool.}.
podocephalous
(podokefalus, -s6f-)
[Gk. pous, foot kephale, head.]
a.
stalk (&?/.)
podoconus (pod'b'ko'nus) n. \G\a.pous,
foot ; konos, cone.]
conical mass
of endoplasm connecting the central
with
the
disc
of
Sarcodina
capsule
(zool.}.
podocyst (pod'osist)
n.
[Gk. pous,
in
pedal
certain
Gasteropods (zool.}.
pododerm (pod'oderm) n. [Gk. pous,
foot
derma, skin.] The dermal
layer of a hoof, within the horny
;
layer (zool^).
n.
[Gk.
pous, foot gyne, a female.] A stipe
supporting the gynoecium (dot.*).
podomere (pod'omer) n. [Gk. pous,
foot
limb segment
meros, part.]
of Arthropods (zool.}.
podogynium (pod'qjm'ium)
(<z#a/.).
seeded
n. plu.
[Gk. pous, foot
brangchia, gills.]
Podobranchs or foot-gills, springing
from the coxopodites of the thoracic
appendages of certain Arthropods
(zool^j.
the
podobranchiae (p5dobrang'kle)
;
pneumatized (nu'matlzd) a.
[Gk.
pneuma, air.] Furnished with air
The
POL-
246
podeum, a podeon.
podex (po'dgks) n. [L. podex, rump.]
The
podophthalmite
(pod'ofthal'mlt)
n.
podotheca
(pSd'othe'ka) n.
[Gk.
pous, foot ; theke, a -box.] A foot
covering, as of Birds or Reptiles.
pogonion (pogo'nion) n. \G\a.pogonion,
little beard.]
The most prominent
point of the chin as represented on
the mandible (anat.}.
poikilothennal
(poik'ilothgr'mal)
a.
various ; thermos,
heat.]
Appl. cold-blooded animals,
or those whose temperature varies
with that of thesurroundingmedium;
[Gk.
cf.
poikilos,
homolothermal (phys.\
poikilothermous,
poisers,
halteres,
poikilothermal.
which
see.
polar
podium
(po'dium) n.
[Gk.pous,
foot.]
In
axis
at a pole.
polar body, one of two cells divided
off from the ovum during maturation, before the germ-nuclei fuse
;
POL-
rays,
rays,
as
opp.
spindle-fibres (cyt.).
polar rings, two ring-shaped cyto-
(cyt.}.
[Gk. polos, a
tendency of plants to
polarity (polarTti)
The
pivot.]
n.
polioplasm
(pol'Ioplazm) n.
[Gk.
polios,gray plasma, form.] Spongio;
plasm.
pollen (pol'6n)
n.
[L. fallen,
fine
pollination
(pSl'fnashun) n.
[L.
Fertilization in
transference of pollen from
flowers
stigma to ovule
(&>/.).
[L.
(pSl'Inlfgrus) a.
pollen, fine flour ; ferre, to carry.]
Pollen-bearing (dot.} ; adapted for
polliniferous
fine flour.]
n.
[L. pollen,
An
agglutinated pollen
mass of Orchids and some other
(hot.}.
pollinodium
(pol'ino'dlum)
n.
[L.
(hot.}.
flour
fine
Gk.
n.
[L. pollen,
eidos,
polocytes
polos, axis
bodies
(bot,\
n.
(po'loslts)
plu.
kytos, hollow.]
form.]
[Gk.
Polar
(cyt.).
many
polys,
adelphos,
a.
[Gk.
brother.]
many
Condition
;
andros,* male.]
of a female consorting with several
males as in some Fishes (biol.\
;
polyarch (p811ark)
many
a.
[Gk. polys,
arche, beginning.]
Appl.
a root having many xylem bundles
united to form a plate in wood
tissue
(bot.).
polyaxon
(pol'Iak'sSn) n.
[Gk. polys,
axis, an axis.]
type of
spicule laid down along numerous
many
axes
(zool.}.
polycarp (pol'ikarp)
n.
[Gk. polys,
karpos, fruit.] One of the
of
some
Ascidians
disgonads
tributed over the inner surface of
the mantle (zool.}.
many
polycarpeUary
(pdl'ikarpeTari)
a.
polycarpous
polys,
polycarpous.
a.
[Gk.
karpos, fruit.] With
carpels appl. perennials
(pol'ikar'pus)
many
numerous
(bot.\
polycercous
polys,
(pSl'fseVkus) a.
many ; kerkos, tail.]
[Gk.
Appl.
many
chasis,
division.]"
same
pollinium (polin'Ium)
plants
pollinoid (pol'moid)
polyadelphous (pol'iadeTfus)
(zool.\
polar
POL-
247
point
(&?/.).
polycotyledon
[Gk. Polys,
(pSl'lkotlle'don)
many
kotyledon,
POLpolycotyledonous
a.
(pol'ikotile'donus)
;
kotyledon,
many
[Gk. polys,
a hollow vessel.]
Having more
than two cotyledons or seed lobes,
as the fir embryo (bot.).
polycotyledony (pol'ikottle'doni) n.
kotyledon, a
[Gk. polys, many
hollow vessel.] A great increase
in the number of cotyledons (hot.}.
polycrotism (polik'rotizm) n.
[Gk.
krotos, a beating.]
polys, many
Condition of having several secondary elevations in the pulse curve
;
(phys.).
(pol'isik'lik) a.
kyklos,
whorls
[Gk. polys,
Having
circle.]
or
structures
ring
(biol.).
(pol'ists'tid) a.
polycystid
[Gk. polys,
kystis, a bladder.]
partitioned off (biol.}.
many
Septate
polydactyllsm
\Gk.polys,
.
(pol'idak'tilizm)
a finger.]
; daktylos,
many
many
polys,
Instance
foetus.]
to
giving
rise
embryo
(bot.).
polyenergid
n.
embryon, a
a zygote
than one
of
more
energos,
[Gk.
active.]
(cyt.).
polygamous
[Gk.
(polig'amus) a.
union.] Bearing male, female, and hermaphrodite flowers (bot.) ; consorting
many gamos,
;
hermaphrodite
upon the
flowers
condition
same individual (bot.)
of having more than one mate at
;
a time (zool.}.
polygenetic (pol'ijenet'ik)
polys,
many
polygenic,
a.
[Gk.
descent.]
sexually
polygenetic.
polykaryon
n.
(pSl'ikar'Ion)
[Gk.
A
many ; karyon, nut.]
a nucleus
polyenergid nucleus
with more than one centriole (cyt.).
a.
polymastigote
(porimas'tlgot)
polys,
eik.
aving
many
a.
[Gk.
goneuein, to beget.]
many
polymastlsm (pollmas'tlzm)
n.
[Gk.
polys,
many
polymerisation
(polimSrlzashun) n.
[Gk. polys, many ; meros, part.]
The uniting together of a number
of molecules in a liquid with
chemical combination
polymerous
(phys.).
(polim'e'rus) a. [Gk. polys,
many
many
gyne,
polymorphonuclear
connected
chromatin
polymorphous
polys,
woman
fine
by
threads
of
(cyt.).
many
(pol'imor'fus) a.
;
[Gk.
morphe, form.] Asforms or shapes
suming various
(biol.).
polynucleate (pol'inu'kleat)
many
a.
[Gk.
L.
nucleus, kernel.]
Containing several or many nuclei
;
(cyt.).
polygoneutic (pol'igonu'tik)
polys,
polys,
genesis,
polys,
a.
(pol'ie'n'e'rjid)
many
polys,
polys,
(zool.).
polycyclic
many
many
POL-
248
oikos,
polyparium
(pol'Ipa'rium)
n.
[L.
polypus, polyp.]
and connecting
tissue of a colony
of polyps (zool).
polypary, a polyparium.
POL
polypetalous (pol'ipeYalus)
a.
[Gk.
a.
(pollf'agus)
many phagein,
Eating many and various
polys,
[Gk.
to
eat.]
kinds of
cells (biol.}.
a.
[Gk.
phylon, race.]
Concom-
(pSl'IflleVik)
many
polys,
many
Polys,
leaved
phyllon,
[Gk.
Many-
leaf.]
(p81'ifl'6dont) a.
pofyphyes, manifold
[Gk.
odous, tooth.]
sets of
many
[L. polypus, a
individual or person
(pol'fpld) n.
An
polyp.]
polypod
(p51'tp8d)
many
POUS,
many
a.
polys,
many
(poTlspo'rus) a.
;
sporos, seed.]
With numerous
corn.]
polystelic (pol'isteTlk)
many ; stele, a post.]
many
stele,
like.
a.
(pSl'Ipro'todont)
;
protos, first ;
many
[Gk. Polys,
several
steles,
(pSl'iri'zal) a.
[Gk. polys,
With
rhiza, root.]
roots or rootlets (dot.}.
many
polysepalous
Having
a.
(pSl'Isep'alus)
many
polyslphonic
[Gk.
a.
(pol'isiffin'lk)
[Gk.
many
(*),
polysomitic (poTlsomlt'lk)
soma, body
Polys, many
;
cut.]
Having
in
containing
vascular bundle
(bot.}.
number of
the
petals
or
(bot.}.
polystichous
(pSl'Istlk'us)
many
polys,
stichos,
a.
[Gk.
row.]
numerous rows or
in
Arranged
polystomatous
a.
;
[Gk.
temnein,
many
(pSftstSm'atus)
body-
a.
[Gk. Polys,
[Gk.
many
styled
(pSl'Istflar) a.
stylos,
[Gk. polys,
pillar.]
Many-
(bot.}.
polysymmetrlcal
sepalon, a
sepal.]
free or distinct sepals (dot.}.
many
polys,
Arrangetissue
each
polystemonous (pfil'Istgrn'onus) a.
[Gk. polys, many; stemon, a warp.]
Having the stamens more than
polystylar
(zool.}.
polyrhizal
[Gk. polys,
series.
polyprotodont
n.
post.]
axial vascular
double
feet or legs.
spikes (bot.}.
[Gk. polys,
several
With
ment of
sepals
(biol.}.
a.
steles (bot.}.
[Gk.
Furnished
[Gk.
Many-
Cap-
[Gk. polys,
foot.]
ovum
(biol.}.
teeth.
polypide
Polys,
polys,
(bot.}.
(poTispeYml) n.
[Gk.
sperma, seed.] Entry
polystely (p5ttste'H)
(bot.}.
polyphyodont
with
seeds
many
polyspenny
polysporous
polyphyletio
to
segments
polyphagous
food
POL-
249
(pSl'IsImeYrikal) a.
with ; metron,
; syn,
polythalamous
[Gk.
chamber.]
(pollthal'Smus)
many
polys,
Aggregate
a.
a
thalatnos,
or collective,
shells
appl.
polythely
(zool.}.
(pol'fthe'lT) n.
[Gk. polys,
POL-
a nipple.]
many
thele,
Polymastism.
polytocous (polit'okus) a. [Gk. polys,
many
porlcidal (po'risi'dal)
channel
Prolific.
tokos, offspring.]
polytomous
a.
(p81it'6mus)
[Gk.
a cutting.]
;
tome,
many
a.
[Gk. poros,
L. caedere, to cut.]
De-
many
polys,
polys,
POS-
250
pores.
a.
[Gk.
Having
thrix, hair.]
polytrochal
(pol'itro'kal, pollt'rokal) a.
porogam (po'rogam)
channel
polytrochal.
polytrophic
(pol'itrofik)
n.
(zool.).
[Gk. poros,
A plant
gamos, union.]
(bot.).
porogamy
a.
[Gk.
polys, many ; trophe, nourishment.]
Nourished by more than one organism or substance (biol.).
polyzoarium
n.
(p51'iz6a'riurn)
(porog'a.mi) n.
\Gk. poros,
channel gamos, union.] Entrance
of a pollen-tube into the ovule by
the micropyle to secure fertilization
;
[Gk.
(bot.).
porophyllous (po'rofil'us) a.
[Gk.
channel
leaf.]
poros,
phyllon,
Appl. leaves with numerous trans;
colony
polyzoic
'
postanal (pSsta'nal)
(anat.).
ponticulus (p5ntik'ulus) n.
culus, a small bridge.]
ridge
on
the
auricular
[L. pontivertical
cartilage
(anat.).
popliteal
(pSplIt'eal,
pop'lite'al)
a.
the ham.]
Pert, the
region behind and above the kneejoint ; appl. artery, glands, nerve,
[L. poples,
anus, vent.]
a.
anus (zool.).
postaxial (postak'slal)
a.
[L. post,
after ; 'axis, axle.]
On the posterior
side of the axis ; as on the fibular
side of the leg (anat.).
structure
arising
in
the pharynx
(zool.).
postcardinal (postkar'dinal)
a.
[L.
POSafter
post,
Gk.
kardia,
heart.]
(sool.).
sulcus (anat.}.
post, after
posterior
centrum
n.
[L.
of
(zool.).
n.
[L. post,
after ; furca, fork.]
posterior
sternal furca of an Insect (zool.).
postganglionic (post'gang'gllfin'ik) a.
after
Gk. gangglion,
[L. post,
tumour.]
Appl. fibres that leave
the ganglion
preganglionic
cf.
;
(anat.).
(postgle'noid) a.
[L.
Gk. glene, socket.]
the glenoid fossa ; appl.
after
post,
Behind
a.
[L.
after ; hepar, liver.]
Appl.
the latter part of the alimentary
canal, that from the liver to the
post,
.(zool.}.
postclavicle
n.
(postkl&v'ikl)
[L.
post, after ;
claviculum, a small
membrane bone occurring
key.]
in the shoulder girdle of some
(zool.}.
postcllval (postkllVal)
clivus,
a.
post, after
(post'e'mbrTSn'flc)
;
Gk.
a.
embryon, a
(pos'tfirome'dt&l)
[L. posterior, later ; medius, middle.]
postfrontal (postfrun'tal) a.
after
frons, forehead.]
[L.
occasionally in Amphibia
[L-
posteromedlal
n.
minimus, smallest.] A
additional digit ocrudimentary
i--Ji
post, after
cfypeus, shiel
after
postminimus (postmm'imus)
rer
nodulus, a small knot.]
a cerebellar fissure between
lule and uvula (anat.).
n.
to beat.]
Appl. a secondary wave
of a pulse, or that succeeding the
dicrotic (phys.}.
post,
(emb.).
Appl.
oflti
postembryonic
end
[L. post,
hill.]
the frontal
postfurca (postfurTca)
postglenoid
postcentrum (postsSn'trum)
[L.
after ;
fissure
POS-
251
Appl. a
postorbltal (posto/bltil)
after
orbit
;
;
orbis,
circle.]
a.
[L. post,
Behind the
a.
[L. post, after ;
Gk. ous, ear.]
Behind the ear ;
appl. a system of nerves (anat.).
postparletal (post'parfgtal) a.
[L.
post, after ; paries, wall.]
Appl.
postotic (postotlk)
postpatagium
[L.
(post'pata'jtum) n.
In
post, after ; patagiutn, border.]
Birds, a small fold of skin extending
arm
and
between
postaxially
upper
trunk
(zool.).
postpermanent
(postpSr'manfint)
a.
remain; permanens,
Appl. traces of a dentition
succeeding the permanent in man.
postpubic (postpu'blk) a.
[L. post,
At the
after
pubis, mature.]
posterior end of the pubis ; appl.
[L. post, after
ing.]
POS-
PRA-
252
postpyramidal
[L. post, after
(post'piram'Tdal)
a.
pyramis, pyramid.]
appl. a cere-
(post'skuteTum)
n.
(emb.}.
(anat.}.
(anat.}.
n.
[O.Y.pouche, bag.]
a sac or
bag-like structure
bladder, as the pharyngeal pouches
a
;
(emb.}
marsupial pouch (zool.}
a pod (bot.}.
powder-down feathers, those which
do not develop beyond the early
;
praeabdomen
pre'abdo'mgn) n.
abdomen, belly.]
The anterior, broader part of the
abdomen of Scorpions (zool.}.
praeauricular (pra'-, pre'orik'ular) a.
auricula, a small
[L. prae, before
ear.]
Appl. a sulcus at the anterior
(pra'-,
hip-bone (anat.}.
praeaxial (pra-, preak'sial)
axis, axle.]
prae, before
anterior border or surface.
;
praecentrum
(pra-,
preko'sez) n. phi.
coquere, to cook.]
to take
themselves ; cf. altrices
(pra-,
care
of
(zool.}.
praecmral
(pra-, prekroor'al) a.
[L.
On the
crus, leg.]
prae, before
anterior side of leg or thigh (anat.}.
praecuneus (pra-, preku'neus) n. [L.
prae, before cuneus, wedge.] The
quadrate lobe of the cerebrum
;
praemaxilla
(pra'-,
pre'maksil'a)
n.
The
bitten
praemorsus,
off.]
With
termination,
praeoral
(biol.}.
(zool.}.
praecoces
(anat.}.
pouch (powch)
postscutellum
The
a.
On
[L.
the
presen'trum) n.
centrum, centre.]
(pra-, preo'ral) a.
[L. prae,
before ; os, mouth.] Pert, the part
of the body of a larva anterior to
the mouth ; appl. process, loop,
praepubic
[L.
(pra-, prepu'bik) a.
prae, before
pubes, mature.] On
the anterior part of the pubis
appl. the elongated processes of
the pubis of certain vertebrates
;
(zool.}.
the foreskin.
praeputium,
praescutum
the praepuce.
presku'tum) n.
scutum, shield.]
(pra-,
PRA-
praesphenoid
presfe'noid) n.
Gk. sphen, wedge.]
[L. prae, before
The anterior part of the sphenoid
(pra-,
;
(0M*).
praesternal
(pra-, presteYnal) a.
[L.
preaxlal
(preak'slal)
a.
[L. prae,
In front of
prae,
before
skull (emb.\
precipitin (preslp'ltln) n. \L.praeceps,
headlong.] A precipitate developed
preclival (preklfval) a.
[L. prae,
before ;
clivus,
hill.]
Appl. a
fissure in front of the clivus of the
cerebellum (anat.~).
precoracoid (prekor'akoid)
Gk. korax,
prae, before
[L.
The
flos, flower.]
floral leaves
arrangement of
flower-bud
in
(hot.}.
prefollation (pre'folia'shun) n.
[L.
The
prae, before
folium, leaf.]
arrangement of foliage leaves in
the bud stage (hot. ).
preformatlon theory, the theory of
evolution according to which it
was supposed that each ovum of
an animal contained a miniature
adult, and that nourishment only
was required to develop it into the
;
perfect form
n. \L..prae, before ;
cavus, hollow.] The anterior vena
cava the precaval vein (zool.).
precentral (presen'tral) a. [L. prae,
Anbefore
centrum,
centre.]
teriorly to the centre
appl. a
sulcus parallel to the central sulcus
of the cerebrum (anat.~).
precava (preka'va)
in
PRE-
253
The
(dial.).
frontal scale in
preganglionic (pregang'glion'ik) a.
Gk. gangglion, a
[L. prae, before
;
the
Appl.
tumour.]
(usually)
preglobultn
prae,
n.
(preglSb'ulIn)
before
globe.]
globulus,
compound
[L.
small
of
proteid
Mammals
(zool.\
crow.]
An anterior ventral bone of the
of
vertebrates
higher
pectoral girdle
(zool.}.
prehaustorium (pre'hosto'rium)
predelineation (pre'dellnea'shun) n.
linea,
de, down
[L. prae, before
a line.] Formation and individualization of the various physiological
molecules in definite areas and
substances of the undevelopedegg,
the theory of germinal localization
;
prae, before
predentary (predSn'tarl)
[L. prae,
before ; dens, tooth.]
bone at
the tip of the jaw of many Dinosaurs
.
(Pal.}.
preepistome
;
mouth.]
(prefip'istom) n.
Gk.
epi,
plate
[L.prae,
stoma,
covering the
upon
to
root-like
haurire,
rudimentary
(**).
prehensile (prehgn'sil)
Jiendere,
catching
tentacle
prehepatic
(biol.}.
before
to
seize.]
hold,
as
a.
n.
[L.
drink.]
sucker
[L. prefor
suctorial
Adapted
a
(zool.}.
(pre'he"pat'lk) a.
[L. prae,
before
Appl. that
hepar, liver.]
part of the digestive tract anterior
to the liver (emb.\
prelacteal (prelak'teal) a.
[L. prae,
before ; lac, milk.] Pert, a denti;
PREthe
to
develop
premaxillary
(pre'maksil'ari) a.
[L.
premaxilla
(zoo/.).
a.
[L. prae,
premolar
[L. prae,
(premo'lar) a.
before ; mola, mill.]
Appl. the
teeth developed between canines
and molars, the bicuspid teeth
(zoo!.).
before
(prena'zal)
nasus,
a.
nose.]
mesethmoid
the
Mammals
prae,
[L.
bone
front
certain
in
in
(preSk'iilar) a.
[L. prae,
before ; oculus, eye.] In front of
the eye ; as antennae, scales (zool.).
preopercle, preoperculum.
n.
preoperculum (pre'oper'kulum)
[L. prae, before ; operculum, cover.]
The anterior membrane bone of
the operculum or gill-cover (zool.).
preoral (preo'ral) a. [L.prae, before
Situated in front of
os, mouth.]
the mouth appl. cilia, etc. (zool.}.
preorbital (preor'bital) a. [L. prae,
before ; orbis, circle.] Anterior to
the orbit appl. a membrane bone
of Teleosts (zool.}.
;
prepatagium
n.
(prepata'jium)
before
alar
patagium,
membrane,
or
[L.
border.]
fold of
arm
(blol.).
prepotent (prepo'tent)
;
a.
[L. prae,
potens, powerful.]
Trans-
a preference
for
cross-pollination
(bot.).
prepubis
n.
[L. prae,
Part of
before
pubes, mature.]
the pelvic girdle of certain Reptiles,
anterior to the pubis (zool.).
(prepu'bis)
prepyramidal
(pre'piram'idal) a.
[L.
prae, before
pyramis, pyramid.]
In front of the pyramid ; appl. a
cerebellar fissure (anat.).
tion or
development
(emb.).
prepollex (prepol'gks) n.
[L. prae,
before
A rudipollex, thumb.]
additional
mentary
digit occurring
;
Mammals
(zool.}.
prepotency (prepo'tgnst)
;
potens,
presphenoid
n.
[L. prae,
powerful.]
n.
[L.
(presfe'noid)
Gk. sphen, wedge.]
;
vertebrates, a cranial bone
prae, before
many
pressure
cells
(dot.).
presternum
[L.
(prester'num) n.
sternum, breast-bone.]
manubrium, or anterior part of
prae, before
The
a sternum
pretrematic
(zool.).
(pre'tremat'ik)
a.
[L.
prae,
(zool.).
preplacental (pre'plasgn'tal) a.
[L.
prae, before placenta, a flat cake.]
Occurring before placenta forma-
before
more characteristics to
the offspring than the other parent
to transmit
In
(zoo/.).
preocular
The
a flower by pollen
prenasal
prae,
fertilization of
before
premedian (preme'dlan)
of
PRE-
254
The
pharynx (zool.}.
prevertebral (preveYtgbral) a.
[L.
prae, before -vertebra, a vertebra.]
;
PRI-
of
(bot.).
of the
cells
cells,
layers
deeper
stratified
squamous
have
short,
they
epithelium
fine,
marginal, connecting
:
fibrils
(anat.).
primary
first.]
(prl'mari) a.
[L. primus,
First ; principal ; original ;
wood
(biol.).
primaxil
[L.
In
primine
Qpri'min)
The
first]
n.
primus,
integument
[L.
external
The
(prim'it) n.
(zool.).
Of
early.]
earliest
origin
appl.
ordium, a beginning.]
original
ova
first
[L.
prim-
Primitive
commenced
appl.
primordium (primor'dmm)
n.
[L.
anlage (emb).
priodont (prfodont)
saw
odous, tooth.]
stag-beetles
appl.
a.
[Gk. prion,
Saw-toothed
with
smallest
(zool.).
proamnion
(proam'nlon) n.
[Gk.
pro, before ; amnion, a vessel for
receiving blood.] An area of blastoderm in front of the head of early
embryos of higher vertebrates
(emb).
proangiosperm (proan'jIospSrm) n.
[Gk. pro, for
anggeion, vessel
fossil type of
sperma, seed.]
;
angiosperm
proatlas
before
(bot.).
(proat'las)
Atlas.']
n.
[Gk. pro,
median bone
and
intercalated
between atlas
skull in certain Reptiles (zool.).
proboscidiform
(pro'bosid'iform)
a.
L. forma,
[Gk. proboskis, trunk
Proboscis-like
shape.]
appl. Infusorians with tentacles on a pro;
(primak'sil) n.
[L. primus,
first ;
The first
axilla, armpit.]
axillary arm of a Crinoid (zool.).
primite
PRO-
255
strand
(dot.).
procambium (prokam'blum)
n.
[L.
procarp (pro'karp)
cedere, to go.]
processus, a process.
prochorion (proko'riSn)
n.
[Gk. pro,
before chorion, skin.] An enveloping structure of the blastodermic
vesicle preceding formation of a
chorion (emb.).
;
prochromatin (prokro'matln)
Pro, for
chroma, colour.]
some substance
cave
centra
a.
[Gk. pro,
koilos, hollow.]
anterior face, as
;
With convertebral
(zool.).
procoracoid (prok6r'akoid)
pro,
[Gk.
Plasmo-
(cyt.).
procoelous (prose'lus)
before
n.
before
korax,
n.
crow.]
[Gk.
An
PRO-
proctal
(prok'tal)
Anal
anus.]
a.
[Gk. proktos,
fish
appl.
(Phys.).
(pro'leg)
fins
proleg
proctodaeum (prok'tode'um)
n.
[Gk.
The
odos, a way.]
proktos, anus
latter part of the embryonic alianal
canal
formed
;
by
mentary
a similar ectoderminvagination
lined part in certain invertebrates
(zool.).
a.
[L.
kind
[L. pro,
proembryo (progm'brio)
n.
[Gk. pro,
progamete
(pro'gamet') n.
[Gk. pro,
progamic (progam'ik)
a.
[Gk. pro,
before
Appl.
union.]
gamos,
brood-division for gamete produc;
tion (zool.).
progeotropism
(pro'jeot'ropizm)
n.
trope, a
ge, earth
[Gk. pro, for
turning.] Positive geotropism (&?/.).
proglottides (prSglot'idez) n. plu.
[Gk. pro, for glotta, tongue.] The
propagative body-segments of a
tapeworm, formed by stabilization
from the neck (zool.)
sing, pro;
glottis.
(bot.).
n.
[Gk. pro,
;
mitos, thread.] A simple type
of mitosis exemplified in nuclei of
protokaryon type (cyt.).
promontory (prom'ontorl) n. [L. pro,
forth
mons, mountain.] A prominence or projection, as of the
cochlea (anat.).
a.
[Gk.
gnathos, jaw.] Having
or
projecting jaws.
prominent
pro, forth
prohydrotropism
(pro'hidrot'ropizm)
hydor, water
Positive hydro-
n.
tropism
(oof.).
a.
[L. pro,
(prqjeVtil)
Protrusjacere, to throw.]
that can be thrust forward
projectile
for
promorphology
[Gk. pro, for
discourse.]
n.
(pro'morfol'oji)
;
logos,
morphe, form
geometrical standpoint.
promuscis
n.
(promus'is)
muscis, a proboscis.]
of Hemiptera (zoo/.).
The
[L. proproboscis
promycelium (pro'mlse'Hum)
pro, for
n.
[Gk.
mykes, mushroom.]
The
itself
angium
a spor-
rise to
giving
(bot.),_
pronate (pro'nat)
[L. pronare, to
a.
bend forward.]
Prone
inclined
(biol.).
prognathous (prognath'us)
(zool.).
parts abnormally
promitosis (pro'mitd'sis)
(anat.).
(biol.).
a.
[L. proles,
offspring ferre, to bear.] Multiply
ing quickly (biol.) appl. bud-bearing
leaves
developing supernumerary
proliferous (prolif'erus)
n.
A layer of
before
dens, tooth.]
uncalcified matrix capping tooth
of dentine
the
formation
before
cusps
procumbent (pr5kum'bent)
ible
for
forth
pro,
[L.
larvae (zool.).
proliferate (prolif'erat) v. [L. proles,
offspring ferre, to bear.] To reproduce repeatedly (biol.).
proliferation (prolif'era'shun) n. [L.
proles, offspring
ferre, to bear.]
increase by frequent
Prolification
and repeated reproduction of any
before
n.
An unjointed
M.E. leg, a leg.]
abdominal appendage of arthropod
(zool.).
for
PRO-
256
pronation (prona'shun)
n.
[L. pronare,
bend forward.]
the palm of the
to
(phys.).
[Gk. pro,
before nephros, kidney.] Pert, or
in the region of the pronephros
appl. duct, tubules (emb.).
;
pronephros (pronef'ros)
before
nephros,
n.
\Gk.pro,
kidney.]
The
PROhead-kidney
embryonic
life,
by meso-
or meta-nephros (emb.~).
pronotum (prono'tum) n. [Gk. pro,
before
noton, back.] The dorsal
part of the prothorax of Insects
;
(zoo/.).
n.
[L. pro,
before ; nucleus, kernel.] The eggnucleus or sperm-nucleus during
fertilization (emb.}.
pronymph
n.
(pro'nlmf)
[L.
pro,
The
nympha, a maid.]
in
the metamorphosis of
before
stage
nymph
stage
(zoo/.).
proostracum (proos'trakum)
for
ostrakon,
shell.]
pod dibranchiate
n.
[Gk.
testacean
of a deca-
shell or
Belemnite
(Pal.\
propagative
(prop'aga'tiv)
a.
[L.
an adult (bot.}.
propatagium, a prepatagium.
prophase (prS'faz) n.
[Gk.
propodeon.
propodlte
(pro'podlt) n.
[Gk. pro,
pous, foot.] In Malacosthe
traca,
segment of a foot sixth
from the body (zoo/.).
before
propodium (propo'dlum)
n.
[Gk. pro,
before
The small
pous, foot.]
anterior part of a Molluscan foot
;
prop'-
(pro'tSrij'ium,
n.
tgrij'ium)
[Gk. pro, before
pterygion, a little wing.] The foremost of three basals supporting the
;
(zoo/.).
propupa (propu'pa)
n.
[L.pro, before
stage (zoo/.).
(pro'prjld'ium) n.
[Gk.
pro, before pyge, the rump.] The
dorsal plate anterior to the pygidium
propygidium
in
Coleoptera (zoo/.).
prorachls (prorak'Ts) n.
[Gk. pro,
before
rhachis, spine.] The face
of Pennatulacea which is sterile and
coincides with the asulcar aspect of
the terminal zooid (zoo/.).
;
proscapula (proskap'ula)
n.
;
scapula, shoulder
clavicle (zoo/.).
[L. pro,
blade.]
proscolex
(prosko'le'ks) n.
[Gk. pro,
before ; skolex, worm.] A rounded
cyst with fluid-filled cavity, a stage
in the development of the Tape-
worm
(zoo/.).
(bot.\
prosencephalon (pr6s'6nkgf'alon,
n.
prophyllum
for
(profll'iim) n.
phyllon,
leaf.]
[Gk. pro,
small bract
(dot.).
propleuron (proploor'on)
n.
[Gk. pro,
A lateral
pleura, side.]
Insects
of
the
of
plate
prothorax
before
before
-sef-)
brain.]
prosenchyma
(prose'ng'kima) n.
[Gk.
near ; engchyma, infusion.]
Tissue of prosenchymatous cells,
pros,
prosenchymatous (pros'gngkim'atus)
(zoo/.).
propodeon (propo'deon)
n.
[Gk. pro,
An abdominal
pous, foot.]
segment of Hymenoptera in front
of the petiole or podeon otherwise
the median segment, Latraille's
;
segment,
etc. (goo/.).
before
prophloem, protophloem.
prophototropism (pro'fotot'ropizm)
propteryglum
The
pro,
phasis, appearance.] The
the
first
stage
preparatory changes,
in mitosis (cyt.}.
before
propodeum,
(zoo/.).
pronucleus (pronu'kleus)
pro,
PRO-
257
of
a.
[Gk. pros,
near
engchyma,
infusion.]
cells,
prosethmoid (prosgth'moid)
Pros,
near
ethinos,
sieve.]
[Gk.
An
PRO-
[Gk. pro,
prosiphon (prosi'fon)
for
spout-like
siphon, tube.]
prolongation of the edges of the
mantle - flaps of certain Molluscs
n.
(zool.}.
prosocoel (pros'osel) n.
[Gk. pros,
near ; koilos, hollow.] A narrow
of
Mollusin
the
cavity
epistome
coidea, the first main part of the
coelom
a.
(pros'odSt'Tk)
[Gk.
Anterior to
prosodos, advance.]
the beak
appl. certain bivalve
;
ligaments
(zool.}.
prosodus (pros'odus)
n.
[Gk. prosodos,
A delicate canalicule
advance.]
between chamber and incurrent
canal in some Sponges (zool.}.
prosoma (proso'ma)
n.
[Gk. pro,
before soma, body.] The anterior
the
a
of
body ;
part
cephalothorax
;
(zool.}.
incurrent and
some Sponges
flagellate
canals in
(zool.}.
n.
n.
[Gk.
In
stoma, mouth.]
Worms and Molluscs, the part of the
head anterior to the mouth (zool.}.
prostrate (pros'trat) a. [L. prostratus,
before
pro,
protos,
;
andros, male.]
trail-
[Gk.
Pro-
sometimes exclusively
zoological application
in
(biol.}.
protandrous (protan'drus)
a.
[Gk.
protandry
;
[L. pro,
plu.
forth
stare, to stand.]
Projecting
of
Hexactinellids
(zool.}.
spicules
prostate (pros'tat) a. [L.pro, before ;
;
to stand.]
Appl, a gland
placed around the commencement
of the male urethra in the pelvic
stare,
cavity (anat.}.
prostatic (prostat'Ik) a.
before ; stare, to stand.]
;
appl. duct, nerve,
sinus, utricle (anat.}.
prostemmate (prdste'm'at) a.
[Gk.
before
stemma,
wreath.]
Appl. an ante-ocular structure or
of
some
Collembola, of
organ
;
doubtful function
prostemmatic, prostemmate.
prosternum (prosteYnum) n.
restrictions
in
[Gk.
a
first
loosing.]
lysis,
Appl. ferments which change proteins into proteoses and peptones,
protos,
proteose (pro'teos)
first.]
The
first
cleavage product
on a
of hydrolysis
protein molecule (phys.}.
[L.
n.
subject to varying
of the action
(zool.}.
prosthion (pros'thion)
pro,
Pert, the
[L.
prostate gland
pro,
prostalia (prosta'lia)
mouth (zool.}.
prostomium (prosto'mium)
thios,
tandry
(zool.}.
prosodetic
point
PRO-
258
proterandric (pro'teran'drik)
proteros,
earlier
a.
andros,
[Gk.
male.]
which
Appl. hermaphroditism
in
functional
proterandrous,
proteranthous
protandrous.
a.
(pro'teran'thus)
anthos, flower.]
foliage leaves
\G\s..proteros,c.a.r\iei:;
Flowering before
appear (bot.}.
PROproteroglyph (pro'tgrogHf)
I
a.
[Gk.
glyph (zool.}.
proterogyny, protogyny.
prothallium, prothallus.
prothalloid (prothal'oid) a, [Gk. pro,
before
thallos, young shoot
eidos,
form.] Like a prothallium (hot.}.
prothallus (prothal'us) n. [Gk.pro,
;
before
young shoot.] A
fleshy mass developed
thallos,
small, thin,
from spores of
prothorax (protho'raks)
n.
[Gk. pro,
thorax, breast.] The anterior thoracic segment of Arthro-
before
pods
(zool.}.
prothrombin (prothrom'bln)
pro, before
bogen
thrombos, clot.]
n.
[Gk.
Throm-
(prothfalosom) n.
[Gk. pro, before ; hyalos, glass ;
soma, body.] The area surrounding
the germinal spot in the germinal
and plants
animals
arise (owl.}.
n.
(pro'tobasid'Ium)
;
basidion, a small
first
basidium producing
a mycelium of four cells from each
of which a sporidium is developed
pedestal.]
by abstriction
(bot.}.
protoblast (pro'toblast)
first
blastos, bud.]
n.
[Gk.protos,
naked
cell,
devoid of membrane
the first or
the
single-cell stage of an embryo
;
first
by the
(zool.}.
protocone (pro'tokon)
n.
[Gk. protos,
The inner cusp
of an upper jaw molar (anat.}.
protoconid (pro'toko'nld) n.
[Gk.
first
konos, cone.]
protos,
form.]
first
The
n.
[Gk.
protos,
first
jaw molar
(anat.}.
protocranium
(pro'tokra'nlum) n.
;
kranion, skull.]
name sometimes given to the
the
of
posterior part
epicranium of
Insects (zool.}.
first
[Gk. protos,
Protos,
first
(pro'togp'iflt) n.
epi,
upon
[Gk.
phyton,
first
[Gk.. protos,
Persistent
genos, offspring.]
(protSj'inus) a.
[Gk.
first ; gyne, woman.]
Havfemale
elements
mature
before
ing
protos,
protobasidium
[Gk. protos,
(pro'toknemz) n. plu.
[Gk. protos, first ; knetne, a wheelspoke.] The six primary pairs of
protogenic (pr6'tqjgn'ik)a.
vesicle (emb.}.
which
protocnemes
protoepiphyte
(phys.}.
prothyalosome
from
PRO-
259
kerkos,
tail.]
Having
protocerebrum
(pro'toseVgbrum)
L. cerebrum,
;
brain.] The anterior pair of ganglionic centres of Crustacea (xool.}.
[Gk. protos,
first
male (biol.}.
protogyny (prot8j'mi) n. [Gk. protos,
first
gyne, woman.] Condition of
hermaphrodite plants and animals
in which female elements mature
and are spent before maturation of
male elements (biol.}.
protokaryon (pro'tokar'lon) n. [Gk.
;
sap,
Amoebae
as
in
small
in
limax
(cyt.}.
protoloph (pro'toldf)
n.
[Gk. protos
The anterior
lophos, crest.]
transverse crest of upper jaw molars
first
(anat.}.
protomala
protos,
first
(pro'tb'ma'la)
;
n.
[Gk.
L. mala, cheek.]
myriapod mandible
(zool.}.
PROprotomerite
(pr6t6m'6rit) n.
[Gk.
meros, part.] The anprotos, first
terior part of the medullary protoplasm of adult Gregarines
cf.
;
deutomerite (zool.}.
protomonostelic
(pro'to mon'ostel'ik)
a.
\Gk. protos, first monos, alone
stele, column.]
Appl. a stem or
root with a protostele or central
;
cylinder
(pro'tone'ma) n.
[Gk.
;
nema, thread.] The
germination structure of Mosses,
from which the moss plant buds
first
(hot.}.
protonematoid
[Gk. protos,
form.]
eidos,
(pro'tonem atoid) a.
nema, thread
Like a protonema
first
protos,
protonephridial (pro'tonefrid'ial) a.
[Gk. protos, first nephros, kidney.]
Appl. the excretory water-vascular
system of Flat-worms (zool.}.
protopepsia (pro'to pep'sia) n.
[Gk.
pepsis, a digesting.]
protos, first
Solution and alteration of foodmaterial accomplished in the di;
[Gk.
(pro'toflo'em) n.
first ;
phloios, tree-bark.]
protophloem
phloem elements of a
first
vascular bundle
protophyte
first
; phyton, plant.]
vegetable organism
plant (bot.}.
protoplasm
protos,
substance
[Gk. protos,
or
unicellular
primitive
[Gk.
Cell
wheel.]
pre-oral
(biol.}.
prototype
(pro'totip) n.
[Gk. protos,
An
model]
typos,
original
an anform (biol.}.
protovertebrae (pro'to veVtSbre) n. plu.
type species or example
cestral
first
[Gk. protos,
vertebra.]
L. vertebra, a
of primitive
series
protos,
first
(pro'tb'zl'lem)
(bot.}.
n. [Gk. protos,
A stage in
zoon, animal.]
the life-history of certain Arthropods
the
free -swimming
succeeding
first
nauplius
(pro'toplazm) n.
plasma, form.]
first
trochos,
protozoaea (pro'tozo'ea)
(dot.").
(pro'tofit) n.
A skeletal
theke, box.]
protoxylem
first
first
(bot.}.
The
first
(bot.}.
protonema
protos,
PRO-
260
(zool.}.
protozoology
protos, first
discourse.]
(pro'tozool'ojl) n.
;
zoon,
The
[Gk.
animal
logos,
department of
;
plasm (cyt.}.
protoplasmic (pro'toplaz'mik) a. [Gk.
plasma, form.] Pert.
protos, first
or consisting of protoplasm (biol.}.
zoon, animal.]
forth
tractus,
drawn
unicellular
[L. pro,
out.]
[Gk.
The
first
pous, foot.]
basal segment of a typical crustacean limb (zool.}.
protospore (pro'tospor) n. [Gk. protos,
A spore of
first
sporos, seed.]
a myceliumthe first generation
producing spore (hot.}.
protostele (pro'tostel) n. [Gk. protos,
first ; stele, column.] The concentric
protos,
first
a part (anat.}.
protriaene (pro'trlen) n.
[Gk. pro,
before ; triaina, trident.] A triaene
with anteriorly-directed branches
(zool.}.
proventriculus
[L. pro, before
(pro'ventrik'ulus)
n.
;
ventriculus, a small
In Insects, the digestive
chamber anterior to the stomach ;
in Worms, that anterior to the
stomach.]
PROgizzard
stomach
provinculum (proving'kulum)
n.
conditions
dichoptic,
mus, next.]
centre
bloom
(solte'rium,
sal-)
n.
[L.
The third
psalterium, a psalter.]
stomach of Ruminants, the omasus,
or manyplies (zool.) ; the lyra, a
lamina joining
thin
triangular
fornix
of
the
lateral
portions
(anat.).
psammophilous
(samof'ilus, psam-) a.
\G\a.psammos, sand \philos, loving.]
Thriving in sandy places (dot.).
psamxnophyte (sam'oflt, psam-) n.
{Gk.. psammos,
plant
a.
pseudannual
(bot.).
pseudaposematic
(sudap'6s6mat'ik,
apo,
[Gk. pseudes, false
;
psu-) a.
[Gk. pseudes, false ; L.
Thriving in moist
aqua, water.]
ground (bot.).
pseudobrachium (sii'dobra'kmm,
pseudaxis
(sudak'sis, psu-) n.
[Gk.
An
pseudes, false ; axis, axle.]
axis
main
(bot.).
apparent
pseudhaemal (sudhe'mal, psu-) a.
[Gk. pseudes, false ; Jiaima, blood.]
Appl. the vascular system of cer-
Echinoderms
and
n.
gills.]
(zool.).
n.
[Gk.
pseudes, false ; L. bulbus, bulb.]
thickened internode of Orchids for
storage of water and reserves (bot.).
pseudobulbll
psu-)
(su'dobul'bil,
n.
pseudobulbous
(bot.).
(su'dobul'biis, psu-) a.
formation
(bot.).
[Gk. pseudes,
(su'dosfin'triis, psu-) a.
false
L.
centrum,
pseudochromatln,
prochromatin
(cyt.).
(su'd6k8ngk, psu-) n.
[Gk. pseudes, false kongche, shell.]
pseudoconch
(zool.).
optikos,
psu-)
n.
brachion,
[Gk. pseudes, false
The kind of arm formed
arm.]
from elongated pterygials of the
pectoral fin of Pediculates (zool.).
pseudocentrous
(biol.).
Worms
L. al-vetts,
a hollow.]
Appl. a structure of
cytoplasm containing starch grains
or deutoplasm spheres (cyt.).
(oof.").
pseudambulacrum (su'dambula'krum,
psu-) a.
(bot.).
ground
pseudimago (su'dima'go,
[L. proxi-
a.
psalterium
and
holoptic
in the eyes
(zool.).
proximal (prok'simal)
tain
between
psu-) n. [Gk.
pseudes, false ; L. imago, image.]
stage between pupa and imago
in the metamorphosis of certain
Insects (zool.).
[L.
psu-)
mediate
of Diptera
(zool.).
PSE-
261
Birds, the glandular
anterior to the gizzard
in
relating
to
sight.]
Inter-
n.
[Gk.
konos, cone.]
pseudes, false
soft gelatinous cone occurring in
numbers
some
in
insect
eyes
pseudoconjugation
side
(sool.).
a.
pseudocyst
(su'dosist, psu-) n.
[Gk.
pseudes, false ; kystis, bladder.] A
residual protoplasmic mass which
swells and ruptures, liberating spores
of Sporozoa (zool.).
pseudodeltidium
(su'dodeltid'ium,
pseudoderm (su'doderm,
psu-) n.
[Gk.
pseudes, false ; derma, skin.]
kind of covering or skin of certain
compact sponges, formed also
towards the pseudogastric cavity
pseudomanubrium(su'd6manu'brium,
n.
psu-)
pseudodont (su'dodont,
psu-) a.
tremes (zool.).
pseudofoliaceous
[Gk.
HavMono-
(su'dofolla'shus,
(su'dogas'tgr,
psu-)
n.
itself (zool.).
false ; gaster,
[Gk. pseudes,
The stage of Sycon
stomach.]
when
the
development
archaeocytes
become completely enclosed by the
Echinoderms
L.
in
pseudometamerism
erlzm, psu-) n.
meta, between
parent serial
an
segmentation
approximation to metamerism, as in
certain Flat-worms (zool.).
pseudomonocotyledonous(su'd6mon';
okotile'db'nus, psu-) a.
false ; monos, alone
[Gk. pseudes,
kotyledon, a
cotyledons coalescing to appear as one
;
With two
cup-like hollow.]
(bot.).
pseudomonocyclic
alone
(su'domon'b'sik'lik,
\Gk.pseudes, false
psu-) a.
monos,
n.
containing
spore
sporozoites,
in
Sporozoa (zool.).
pseudonuclein, paranuclein (cyt.).
pseudonucleoli (su'donukle'olT, psu-)
n.
plu.
[Gk.
pseudes,
false
L.
Knots or granules
pseudonychium
(su'donik'ium, psu-)
[Gk. pseudes, false ; onyx, claw.]
lobe or process between claws
of Insects (zool.).
n.
psu-) a.
pseudogaster
nucleus, kernel.]
(zool.).
folium,
PSE-
262
(zool.).
organ
of
pseudoosculum (su'doos'kulum,
psu-)
pseudoparenchyma
(su'dopareng'-
culum,
lid.]
PSE-
n.
pseudoplasmodium
(su'ddplazmo'-
foot
An amoebula
sporos, seed.]
or
pseudopodium (su'dopS'dlum,
[Gk. pseudes, false
psu-) n.
pous, foot.]
blunt protrusion of ectoplasm serving for locomotion and prehension
in
Protozoa (zool.) ;
in
certain
Mosses, the sporogonium-supporting
pedicel
pseudes, false
n.
[Gk.
poros, channel.]
Sponges (zool.).
pseudopupa (su'dopu'pS,
false
L.
psu-) n.
[Gk.
pupa, puppet.]
The semi-pupa
or coarctate stage
of certain insect larvae (zool.).
pseudoramose
(su'dora'mos, psu-) a.
L. ramus,
false
[Gk. pseudes,
Having false branches
branch.]
;
false
L.
Apparently,
morphologically, septate
pseudosessile (su'dosSs'il,
septum,
but not
(bot.).'
a.
psu-)
pseudosperm (su'ddspgrm,
psu-) n.
[Gk. pseudes, false
sperma, seed.]
A false seed or carpel (bot.).
;
n.
[Gk.
A
pseudes, false ; sporos, seed.]
teliospore or winter-spore of certain
Rusts
(bot.).
(su'dosto'ma,
temporary mouth
opening
psu-)
n.
stoma, mouth.]
a mouth-like
a pseudoosculum
(zool.).
pseudovarium
(su'dova'rlum, psu-) n.
[Gk. pseudes^ false ; L. ovarium,
An
ovary producing pseuovary.]
dova
(bot.).
pseudes,
pseudes,
S3k.
ivision.]
pseudostoma
(zool.).
(zool.).
yolk.]
cellular
structure of Aphidae,
substitute for absent
tubes
double-string
a supposed
Malpighian
(zool.).
pseudovum
n.
[Gk.
pseudes, false ; L. ovum, egg.] An
ovum that can develop without
(sudo'vum, psu-)
fertilization
ovum
parthenogenetic
viviparously
produced
Aphidae
(zool.).
(dot.}.
pseudozoaea
(su'dor&b'dlts, psu-)
[Gk. pseudes, false ; rhabdos,
psorosperms
(cyt.).
pseudorhabdltes
n.plu.
FFE-
263
plu.
(so'rpspSrmz,
\Gk.psora, itch
Sporozoa
generally
parasitic
pso-)
n.
sperma, seed.]
organisms
(biol.).
(teYldSl'bjf, pteY-) n.
pteris, fern ; logos, discourse.]
pteridology
[Gk.
The
PTE-
264
pteroid
fern
fern
(ter'oid, pter-) a.
[Gk. pteris,
resemblance.] Like a
eidos,
(bot.}.
Birds
able
hatched
to
when
fly
child.]
newly
(sool.).
pteropegum (teYope'gum,
insect's
pter-)
n.
wing
pegos, firm.]
wing socket (zool.).
[Gk. pteron,
An
n. plu.
wings (zool.).
pterotheca (teYothe'ka, pt6r-) n.
theke, a case.]
pteron, wing
wing-case of pupae (zool.).
;
pterotic
(tfirot'ik, pter-) n.
[Gk.
The
ous,
ear.]
(zool.}.
fins (zool.}.
pterygium
n.
[Gk.
prothoracic proa vertebrate limb
(terlj'ium, pt6r-)
pteryx, wing.]
cess of weevils
(zool}.
pterygobranchiate (teVigdbrang'kiat,
a.
pter-)
[Gk. pteryx,
wing
brangchia, gills.]
ing or feathery
Crustaceans
pterygoda
as
certain
(zool.).
(teYfgp'da,
[Gk. pteryx,
blance.]
Having spreadgills,
The
wing
ptfir-)
n.
plu.
resem-
eidos,
tegulae of an Insect
(zool}.
pterygoid
(tgr'igoid,
n.
[Gk.
form.]
a. wing-like ;
ptSr-)
maxilla, jaw.]
Appl. a fissure
formed by divergence of the maxilla
from the pterygoid process of the
sphenoid (anat.).
pterygopalatal, pterygopalatine.
pterygopalatine (ter'igb'pal'atin, pter-)
a.
L. palatus,
[Gk. pteryx, wing
Pert, the region of pterypalate.]
goid and palatal cranial bones ;
;
pterygoquadrate
pterygospinous
\Gk.pteron,
cranial bone
overlying the horizontal semicircular
wing
(tSr'igospl'nus, pter-)
L. spina,
[Gk. pteryx, wing
Appl. a ligament stretching
from lateral pterygoid plate to
spinous process of sphenoid (anat.).
Pterylae (ter'ile, pter-) n. plu. [Gk.
pteron, feather yle, a wood.] The
feather tracts of a bird's body, or
the areas on which feathers spring,
as distinguished from
the unfeathered areas or apteria (zool.).
pterylosis (terilo'sis, ptgr-) n. [Gk.
pteron, feather ; yle, a wood.] Arrangement of pterylae and apteria
in Birds (zool.).
a.
spine.]
ptilinum
(tili'num,.ptil-). [Gk.ptilon,
head- vesicle or bladderfeather.]
like expansion of the head of a
fly
for
when
introverted
mature
the
insect
is
saliva (phys.).
ptyxis (tik'sis,
a folding.]
ptik-) n.
[Gk. ptyxis,
The form
in
which
PUBpuberty
(pu'beYtif)
[L. pubertas,
adult state.] Sexual maturity (phys.).
[L. pubes,
down or
fine hair (dot.).
puberulent (puber'ul6nt) a.
Covered with
adult.]
pubes
n.
[L. pubes, adult.]
region (anat.).
(pu'bez)
The pubic
pubescence
n.
(pu'be's'e'ns)
[L.
pu-
bescere, to
and
certain insects
pubescent
to
PUP-
265
n.
soft hair or
down
vacuole,
Covered with
n.
heart (phys.).
by the ventricular
systole
(Phys.).
n.
[L. pulsus,
situated at
flagellum
beaten.]
the posterior end of a protozoan
body
(dot.').
pubic (pu'blk)
contractile
vacuole.
pulsellum (pulseTum)
(biol.).
become mature.]
pulsating
pulse (puls)
(zool.}.
a.
[L. pubes, mature.]
In the region of the pubes ; appl.
vein
arch,
tubercle,
ligament,
(a nat.).
pulvilliforni
pubis
(pu'bls) n.
The
pudendal (pudSn'dal)
to
a.
[L. pudere,
In the region of
be ashamed.]
the pudendum
appl. artery, cleft,
nerve, veins (anat.).
pudendum (pudSn'dum) n. {L.pudere,
to be ashamed.]
The vulva, or
externals of the female organs of
;
generation (anat.).
pudic, pudendal.
pullulation
(pul'ula'shun)
n.
[L.
pulmobranchia (puTmobrang'kia) n.
Gk. brangchia,
[L. pulmo, lung
;
gills.]
A gill-like
organ adapted
to
a lung
air-breathing conditions
book, as of Spiders (zool.}.
pulmogastric (pul'mogas'trik) a. [L.
pulmo, lung ; gaster, stomach.]
Pert, lungs and stomach (anat.}.
pulmonary (pul'monari) a. {L. pulmo,
Pert, lungs ; appl. artery,
lung.]
veins,
ligament,
valves,
pleura
;
(anat.}.
pulmones (pulmo'nez)
pulmo, lung.] Lungs
pulp (pulp)
n.
plu.
[L.
(anat.}.
n.
[L. pulpa, fruit-pulp.]
The dental papilla the soft mass
of splenic tissue (zool.} ; the soft,
fleshy part of a fruit (bot.}.
;
(pulvil'if&rm) a.
[L.
pulvillus, a small cushion ; fortna,
shape.] Like a small cushion.
pulvillus (pulvil'us) n. [L. pulvillus,
small cushion.]
free pad or
membrane
under
each claw of
Diptera (zool.).
n.
pulvinar (pulvr'nar)
[L. pulyinus,
cushion.] An angular prominence
on the optic thalamus (anat.) a.
cushion-like pert, a pulvinus (bot.).
pulvinate (pul'vinat) a. [L. pulvinus,
cushion.] Cushion-like
having a
pulvinus (biol.).
pulvinulus (pulvin'ulus) n. [L. pul;
vinus, cushion.]
pulvillus.
pulvinus (pulvr'nus)
n.
[L. pulvinus,
cellular swelling at
cushion.]
the junction of axis and leaf-stalk
(bot.).
pulviplume (pul'viploom) n.
[L.
pulvis, powder
pluma, feather.]
A powder-down feather (zool.).
;
(biol.).
punctulate
Punctum,
(pung'ktulat)
a.
Covered
[L.
with
very small dots or holes (biol.).
n.
punctum (pung'ktum)
[L. punctuw,
point.]
(btol.).
pupa (pu'pa) n.
The third or
PUPinsect
life
the
stage
in
insect
(zoal.).
(pu'pal) a.
pupal
Pert, the
[L.
pupa, puppet.]
pupa stage
puparium (pupa'rium)
(zool.).
n.
[L.
pupa,
slender
pycnoconidium,
pycnospore,
spore (bot.).
pupillary
(pupil'ari, pu'pilar!) a.
[L.
Pert.
mem-
brane (anat.).
pupiparous (pupip'arus) a. [L. pupa,
puppet parere, to beget.] Bringing forth young already developed
to the pupa stage, as certain para;
Insects
(zool.).
blister-like
prominence
pycnogonidium,
(pi'gal) a.
\G\a.pyge, the rump.]
Situated at or pert, the posterior
plates of
(pu'pil) n.
[L. pupilla, the
pupil of the eye.] The aperture of
the iris through which rays pass to
the retina (anat.).
by
life-
pygal
pupil
form
varieties of pycnidio-
which
filaments
pycnidiospores or spermatia
a stage in the
abstriction,
history of wheat rust (bot.).
pycnium, a pycnidium.
sitic
PYR-
266
certain
appl.
the chelonian
carapace
(zool.).
pygidium
n.
[Gk. pyge,
caudal shield covering
the abdomen of certain Arthropods
the terminal uncovered abdominal
segment of a beetle (zool.).
rump.]
(pljld'ium)
pygochord (pl'gokdrd)
n.
[Gk. pyge,
ventral
chorde, cord.]
ridge-like outgrowth of the
intestinal
epithelium in certain
rump
median
Enteropneusta (zool.).
pygostyle (pl'gostll) n.
[Gk. pyge,
An upstylos,
column.]
turned compressed bone at the end
of the vertebral column of Birds,
rump
n.
[Gk. pylon,
A poreinner end of a small
funnel-shaped depression, the porocyte of certain Sponges (zool.).
(pl'loslt)
gateway
kytos, hollow.]
cell at the
lome
pylome
r
(bot.).
pusules
n.
plu.
[L. pus,
Non-contractile vacuoles
matter.]
consisting of two sacs containing
(pus'ulz)
watery
own
fluid,
flagellates_ (zool.).
putamen
(puta'mfin) n.
[L.
putamen,
or stone
the lateral
(bot.)
part of the lentiform nucleus of the
cerebrum (anat.)
the shell membrane of a bird's egg (zool.).
pod.]
of
some
fruits
(bot.).
pyramid
(pir'amid) n.
[L. Pyramis,
A conical structure,
a pyramid.]
a piece
protuberance, eminence
of the dental apparatus of Echinoids
of
tembrain,
(zool.)
parts
appl.
poral bone, vestibule (anat.).
;
pycnidium
'loma,
(pllom') n.
[Gk. pylc
In certain Sarcodina,
of
for
emission
aperture
pseudo-
gate.]
n.
(plknid'ium)
[Gk.
small flask-shaped
pyknos, dense.]
or
organ
spermogoniurn containing
pyrene
n.
(pfren, plren')
[Gk. pyren^
PYR-
267
a fruit-stone.]
kernel (dot.).
pyrenin
a.
fruit-stone
;/.
[Gk. pyren,
substance of a
The
pyrenoid (pfrgnoid) n.
[Gk. pyren,
a fruit-stone
A
eidos, form.]
;
pyxidium
[Gk. pyxis,
(piksld'ium) n.
pyxis, or capsular fruit
box.]
QUI-
quadrifoliate (kwSd'rifo'llat)
quattuor, four folium, leaf.]
;
(plre'nln)
fruit-stone.]
or
compound palmate
[L.
Appl.
quadrllocular (kw8d'rll8k'ular)
a.
[L.
quadrimaculate (kwSd'rlmak'ulat)
a.
quadripennate
(hot.}.
a.
consisting
of four leaflets arising at a common
point (bot.').
leaf,
(kwod'ripe'n'at) a.
|X.
mandib'ular)
a.
quadratus,
[L.
Pert.
quadratus (kwodra'tus)
ratus,
squared.]
several muscles,
femoris (anat.).
n.
The
[L.
quad-
name
of
n.
[L. quat-
Muscle
tuor, four ; caput, head.]
in front of the thigh extending the
lower leg and divided up into four
portions at its upper end (anat.).
quadrifarlous (kwSdrlfa'rius) a. [L.
fourfold.]
In four
the sides
findere,
to
feet,
constructed
like
hands,
as
[L.
quattuor, four
queen,
quadriceps (kwSd'rlse'ps)
quadrifarius,
a.
quaternate
quadratus
e.g.
quadrumanous (kwodroom'anus)
cleave.]
Deeply
quill (kwll) n.
The calamus
quill feathers,
[M.E.
quinary
quille, feather.]
of a feather (z/tol.).
the feathers of the
(kwl'narl) a.
tail (rectrices)
quincuncial
(kwlnkun'shal) a.
[L.
quinque, five ; uncia, twelfth part.]
Arranged in quincunx.
quincunx (kwin'kungks) n. [L. quinfive
que,
twelfth
uncia,
part.]
(dot.).
quinquecostate (kwm'kwekos'tat)
[L. quinque, five
a.
Having
quinquefid (kwm'kwe'fid)
a.
[L. quinCut
que, five ; findere, to cleave.]
into five parts as far as the middle
(dot.)
glands with
appl.
raceme (dot.).
racemulose (rasem'ulos)
ulus, a
clusters
small
[L. racem-
a.
In
bunch.]
small
(dot.).
rachial (ra'kial)
a.
Pert, a rachis.
a.
[Gk. rhachis,
Pert, a r chis.
rachlform (ra'kifor n ) a. [Gk. rhachis,
spine ; L. forma, shape.] In the
form of a rachis.
spine.]
rachilla
n.
[Gk. rhachis,
small rachis (dot.).
(rakil'a)
spine.]
rachiodont
(oof.)
With
quinquepartite
(kwin'kwgpar'tlt)
quittque,
[L.
clusters
rachidial (rakid'ial)
a.
In five directions
or parts
RAD-
268
QUI-
five
pars,
a.
part.]
kular) a.
tuber-
a.
(rak'iodont')
rhachis, spine odous, tooth.]
[Gk.
Appl.
egg-eating Snakes with much developed hypophyses of the anterior
;
Dipnoans
rachis
fin
skeleton, as in
(zool.).
(ra'kis) n.
R
race
(ras) n.
(zool.).
rachitomous
a par[L.
cluster, as
(dot.).
racemed
(rase'md) a.
[L. racemus,
a bunch.] Growing in the form of
a raceme (dot.).
racemiferous (rasemif'e'rus) a.
[L.
racemus, a bunch ferre, to carry.]
Bearing racemes (dot.).
;
(rase'mtform)
a.
[L.
racemus, a bunch
forma, shape.]
In the form of a raceme (dot.).
racemose (ras'emos) a. [L. racemus,
;
bunch.]
Bearing
(ra'dial) a.
an Echinoderm
(zool.);
bunch.]
racemiform
radial
n.
raceme
hyacinth
(rakit'omus) a.
[Gk.
rhachis, spine.]
Temnospondylous,
which see.
flowers
in
appl.
growing out
leaves
like rays
or
floweis
from a centre
As noun, an endoskeletal
(dot.).
carpal bone in
Mammals
(zool.).
radiate
(ra'diat) a.
[L. radius, a
Radially symmetrical.
ray.]
radiate-veined, veined in a palmate
manner
(dot.).
radiatiform
a.
(ra'diat'iform)
[L.
With
radius, ray ; forma, shape.]
radiating marginal florets (bot.).
RAD-
RAM-
radiciform (radis'iform)
root forma, shape.]
a.
[L. radix,
Resembling
a root (dot.},
radicivorous (rad'isiv'drus)
root
radix,
to
vorare,
a,
[L.
devour.]
Root-eating (zool.}.
radicle (rad'lkl) n. [L. radix, root.]
A small root (bot.}.
radicolous (radlk'olus) a. [L. radix,
root ; colere, to inhabit.]
Inhabiting roots (biol.).
radicose (rad'ikos)
With
large root
fibres (phys.}.
a name given to
Rainey's tubes,
elongated sacs found in the substance of voluntary muscle, which
are adult stages of Dolichosporidia,
Sporozoa (phys.}.
raker,
ramal
(ra'mal)
a.
[L.
rootlet.
radiculose (radlk'ulos)
a.
Having many
root.]
[L. radix,
rootlets (bot.}.
radiocarpal (ra'diokar'pal)
radius, ray
carpus, wrist.]
a.
and wrist
radiosymmetrical
radius
[L.
Pert.
ramate
(ra'mat)
ramelose
a.
Branched
(ram'filos)
(ra'diosTmeYrikal)
Gk. syn, with
;
Having similar
radix
(rad'ula)
n.
[L.
[L. radix,
(rad'ulat) a.
(bot.}.
a.
[L.
ramus,
(bot.}.
ramentaceous (ram'gnta'shus)
tum
a.
[L.
Like a ramen-
radere, to scrape
Bearing ramenta
ferre, to carry.]
(bot.}.
ramentum (ramgn'tum) n.
to scrape.]
One of
[L. radere,
brown
on fern
plu. ramenta, elongthe
leaves
(bot.)
(zool.}.
ramiferous (ramlffirus) a.
branch ferre, to bear.]
;
[L.
ramus,
Branched
(bot.}.
to
radulate
ramus, a
[L.
(zool.}.
a.
ramus,
radere, to scrape.]
radicule (rad'ikul)
ferre, to carry.]
a branch.]
(bot.}.
(bot.}.
radula
radere, to scrape
Radulate (zool.}.
raduliform (radu'lif&rm) a. [L. radere,
to scrape fortna, shape.]
Like a
branch.]
a.
scrape.]
Having a radula or rasping organ (zool.}.
raduliferous (rad'ulif'e'rus) a.
[L.
[L. radere, to
like.
RAM-
branches
(bot.}.
ramiparous (ramip'arus) a.
branch
parere,
ducing branches
;
ramose
(ram'os)
a.
Much branched
ramule
(ram'ul)
small
to
[L.
beget.]
ramus,
Pro-
(hot.).
ramus, branch.]
[L.
n.
[L. ramulus,
small branch
branch.]
rastellus
chelicera (zoo/.).
ratite (rat'it) a.
ramuliferous (ram'ulif'Srus) a.
[L.
ramulus, small branch ferre, to
Bearing small branches
bear.]
;
(A*).
small branch.]
branches
[L. ramulus,
a.
(bot.}.
ramulous
a.
(ram'ulus)
[L. ramulus,
small branch.] With small branches
(bot.).
ramulus
(ram'ulus), ramuscule
[L. ramus, branch.]
(ramus'kul) n.
A small branch
(dot.}.
ramus
Pert, the
[L. rana,
a frog.]
(anat.}.
ranivorous (raniv'orus)
a.
[L. rana,
raphe
line (anat.).
scratch.]
[L.
ratis,
carinate (zoo/.).
rattle (rat'l) n.
[M.E.
raft.]
;
opp.
ratelen,
to
end of a
a ray.] One
of the bony spines supporting fins
a division of a radiate animal, as
an arm of an Asteroid (zoo/.).
reaction time, the time required between stimulus and response (phys.).
(ra) n.
[L. radius,
agere,
to
One who
do.]
acts in
receptacular (resgptak'ular)
a.
[L.
to receive.]
Pert, a receptacle of any kind.
receptaculum (resSptak'ulum) n. [L.
A receptacle
recipere, to receive.]
of any kind.
receptaculum chyli, the cavity in
the lower part of the thoracic duct
recipere,
(anat.}.
receptaculum ovorum,
sac in the earthworm
are collected
an internal
which ova
in
(zoo/.).
receptaculum
[L. radere, to
ray
ramulose (ram'ulos)
(ra.st61'us) n.
rasp.]
clatter.]
(dot.).
(bot.}.
ranine
REC-
270
a.
Adapted
or scraping, as fowls
[L. radere, to
for scratching
(zoo!.).
a female
seminis,
organ for the reception of spermatozoa (zoo/.).
the point in an
receptive spot,
oosphere at which the sperm enters
(emb.}.
receptor (resSp'tor)
n.
[L.
recipere,
to
REC-
as omental, optic,
RED-
271
hollow space
See Mendellsm
(biol.}.
reciprocal hybrids,
reclinate (rgk'linat)
a.
[L. reclinare,
to lean.]
Curved downwards from
apex to base ; appl. an ovule sus-
rectouterine
(rek'tou'temi) a.
[L.
straight ;
uterus,
womb.]
rectus,
rectus,
into
rectigradations (rgk'tigrada'shunz) n.
gradus,
plu. [L. "rectus, straight
The origin of new cusps
a step.]
which
or cuspules
appear deter;
[L.
rectrix
(rek'triks)
(reVtrlsez) plu.
The
n.,
rectrloes
feathers of a bird,
used in steering (zool.}.
stiff tail
rectum
(rfik'tum)
n.
[L.
rectus,
rectus (rSk'tus) n.
(hot'.}.
a.
bladder.]
vesica,
A name for
a rectilinear muscle, as
the thigh muscle
rectus femoris,
(anat.}.
recurrent
(rekur'e'nt) a.
currere, to run.]
ascending
(anat.}.
recurrent sensibility,
sensibility
shown by the motor roots of the
spinal cord due to sensory fibres of
the sensory roots (phys.}.
recurved (re'kurvd) a. [L. re, back
Bent backwards
curvus, bent.]
;
(bot.}.
quite
(Osborn).
independently in different
orders of mammals, and separated
"
perhaps by vast intervals of time
rectipetality (rek'tipetal'Itl) n.
[L.
rectus, straight ; petere, to seek.]
Tendency
rectilinear
to
growth
(bot.}.
rectirostral
a.
(rgk'tlros'tral)
rectus, straight
[L.
rostrum, a beak.]
rectiserial
row.]
straight ; series,
in vertical rows
rectivenous
rectus,
With
[L. rectus,
Arranged
a.
vena, a
straight
straight veins (bot.}.
;
[L.
vein.]
[L.
(rek'tojen'Itai) a.
rectus, straight ; genitalia, genitals.]
rectogenital
Pert,
rectum and
haemoglobin (phys.}.
red glands, see rete mirabile.
red nucleus, a collection of nerve
cells in the tegmentum of the midbrain (anat.}.
genital
Distomum
(zool.}.
reduction (reduk'shun)
ductus, reduced.]
n.
[L.
The halving
re-
of
number of chromosomes in
germ - nuclei during maturation
the
(bot.}.
(reVtive'rius)
blood
of
Straight-beaked
(zool.}.
(reYtise'rial) a.
(zool.}.
organs
contact
(bot.}.
RED-
REP-
272
renal portal,
renes,
back on
itself (anat.}.
to
frangere,
break.]
[L. re,
back
Bent
backn.
[L.
regma '(reg'ma) n
ture.]
which open by an
ment
elastic
move-
the
membrane,
mem-
cochlear
wall
of
the
ear
(anat.}.
rejuvenescence (re'joove'ne's'e'ns) n.
[L. re, again juvenescere, to grow
young.] A renewal of youth ; in
;
remiges
Pert, kidneys.
(ren'iform)
a.
[L.
ren,
kidney
forma, shape.]
Shaped
like a kidney (biol.}.
renopericardial (re'noper'ikar'dial) a.
Gk. peri, round
ren, kidney
gL.
ardia, heart.]
Appl. a narrow
ciliated canal connecting kidney
and pericardium in higher Molluscs
;
(zool.}.
repand (repand')
a.
[L. repandus,
bent backwards.] Appl. a leaf with
undulated margin (bot.}.
repandodentate (repan'doden'tat) a.
[L. repandus, bent backwards dens,
a tooth.] Varying between undulated and toothed (bot.}.
repent (re'pent) a.
[L. repere, to
crawl.] Creeping along the ground
appl. ground creepers (bot.}.
replicate (rgp'likat) a. [L. re, back
Doubled over on
plicare, to fold.]
;
itself (biol.}.
replicatile (repllk'atil)
a.
[L. re,
back
plicare, to fold.]
at rest (zool.}.
replum
(rep'lum) n.
[L. replum, a
The longitudinal division
peria
carps, as in some Legumes
placental dissepiment (bot.}.
reproduction (re'produk'shun) n. [L.
re, again
ducere, to
pro, forth
bolt.]
(dot.}.
Beissner's
{zool.}.
see ren.
a.
kidneys
reniform
;
reflex (re'flgks) a.
[L. reflectere, to
turn back.]
Involuntary ; appl.
reaction to stimulus (phys.}.
reflex action, the simplest expression of the principles according to
which the nervous system acts.
Elements that appreciate stimuli
and elements that react to stimuli
are switched on to one another,
without direct appeal to the brain,
by means of a subsidiary nerve
centre, the result being so-called
involuntary action (phys.}.
reflexed (re'fleksd) a. [L. reflectere,
to turn back.]
Curved or turned
backwards.
refracted (refrak'ted)
conjugation,
or
parthenogenesis
(biol.}.
reproductive (re'produk'tlv) a.
[L.
re, again
ducere, to
pro, forth
lead.]
Appl. organs concerned in
reproduction (biol.}.
;
reptile
(rep'til)
n.
[L.
repere,
to
(zool.}.
(zool.}.
(ren'ez) plu.
The
[L.
kidneys.
[L. ren, kidney.]
a.
[L. repere, to
Pert, reptiles (zool.}.
reptilian (reptll'ian)
creep.]
reptiloid
a.
[L. repere,
With
eidos, form.]
(rep'tiloid)
to crawl
Gk.
RESthe
of
Reptile
(zool.).
reservoir (r6z'6rvw6r)
to
keep back.]
n. [L. reservare,
non-contractile
Mastigophora (zool.).
resilium (rfisil'ium) n.
leap
[L. resiltre, to
flexible
The horny
back.]
heart
;
So twisted
are upside
(bot.}.
resupination
(resu'plna'shun) n.
bend back.]
resupinare, to
sion (bot.}.
[L.
Inver-
net
rete (re'te) n. [L. rete, a net.]
or network.
the
rete Malpighii,
Malpighian
layer or deeper portion of the
epidermis, from the stratum granu-
losum inwards
(anat.}.
rete mirabile,
retial
re'shlal) a.
[L. rete,
Pert, a rete (anat.}.
n.
(rSt'ikl)
[L. reticulum, a
small net.] A reticulum.
(re'tial,
net.]
reticle
appl. tissue.
reticulate
reticulose
(rgtik'ulos) a.
reticulum (rgtik'ulum)
[L.
ret-
Of network
n.
[L.
ret-
in
palms
(bot.}.
(anat., zool.}.
(zool.}.
down
RET-
273
characteristics
(rgtlk'ulat) a.
retinaculum (rgt'mak'ulum)
mass
which
[L.
an
orchid
pollinium adheres at dehiscence
a band which holds parts
(bot.}
closely together (anat.} ; a minute
hooked prominence holding the
ular
to
Arthropods
ommatidium of
(zool.).
ommatidium.
retractile (retrak'til)
a.
[L. retractus,
that
retractor (retrak'tdr)
A muscle which
to draw back.]
by contraction withdraws the part
attached to
it,
as retractor penis
(zool.).
retrobulbar
(ret'robul'bar)
a.
[L.
retro,
[L. reticulum,
n.
A small gland-
retinere, to retain.]
RET-
RHA-
274
retrocaecal (ret'rose'kal)
backwards
a.
[L. retro,
Behind
caecus, blind.]
backwards
backwards
Bent
;fractus, broken.]
at an angle (bot.).
reversion
revert
(zool).
retromorphosis (ret'rom6r'fosis) n.
Gk. morphe,
[L. retro, backwards
form.]
Development with a degenerating tendency (biol.).
retropharyngeal (ret'rofarin'jeal) a.
[L. retro, backwards Gk. pharyngx,
Behind the pharynx \
pharynx.]
appl. a space, lymph gknds (anai$~
retropubic (ret'ropu'bik) a. {L.'^etro,
backwards
pubes, of ripe agte.],
Appl. a pad or mass of fatty tissue
behind the pubic symphysis (anat).
retrorse (retrors') a. [L. retro, backwards ; vertere, to turn.] Turned
or directed backwards.
;
With
backwards
serra,
small retrorse teeth.
retrouterine
(ret'rou'tgrln)
saw.]
a.
[L.
backwards
uterus, womb.]
Behind the uterus (anat).
retro,
retroverse
(ret'rovgrs') a.
backwards
[L. retro,
Revertere, to turn.]
[L.
re,
;
reversionary (revgr'shonari)
a.
[L.
back ; vertere, to turn.] Appl.
atavistic characteristics (biol.).
re,
v.
(revgrt')
to
vertere,
cestral
turn.]
features
re,
[L.
To
to
back
hark
an-
exhibit
back
(biol.}.
revolute
(rev'olut) a.
[L. revolvere, to
Rolled backwards from
roll back.]
rhabdite
rhabdocrepid (rab'dokrep'id)
a.
[Gk.
krepis, a foundadesma
with
uniaxial
a
Appl.
rhabdos, a rod
tion.]
rhabdos, a rod
eidos,
resemblance.]
rhabdome (rab'dom)
n.
[Gk. rhabdos,
rod.] A refractive rod composed
of rhabdomeres enclosed by the
retinula cells of an arthropod om-
matidium
(zool.\
rhabdomere
(rab'domer) n.
[Gk.
rhabdos, a rod ; tneros, a part.] The
refracting element in the retinula
(zool.).
rhabdopod (rab'dopod)
trorse.
retroversion (ret'rdveVshun)
retro,
n.
(revfir'shun)
backwards
n.
[L.
vertere, to turn.]
backwards.
retuse (retus')
(zool.}.
rhabdosphere
a.
[L. retusus,
beaten
rhabdos,
(bot).
carrying back.]
a.
[L.
In the
rod
n.
[Gk.
sphaira, a globe.]
(rab'dosfer)
;
in
rhabdus
n.
[Gk. rhabrod pous, foot.] An element
of the clasper of some male Insects
dos,
RHAsee rachitomous.
rhachitomous,
rhagon
RHI-
275
n.
(rag'on)
[Gk.
root
rhiza,
rhax, a
type of
bun-shaped
Sponge with apical osculum and
archegonial
rhlzlne (rfzin)
berry.]
theke, a case.]
of a bird's beak
(re'otak'sis) n.
[Gk. rhein,
(reot'roplzm)
(rfzokol) n.
[Gk. rhiza,
L. caulis, stem.] The rootlike horizontal portion of a Zoophyte
root
(zool.).
n.
[Gk. rhiza,
kormos, a log.] An undera
stem
like
ground
single-jointed
rhizome, popularly a bulb (bot.).
rhizogenic (rl'zqje'n'ik), rhizogenous
Root -producing ;
a.
(rizfij'e'nus)
arising from endodermic cells, not
root
[Gk.
current (dot.).
rhinal (rfnal)
(rvzoid)
The
olfacffiry
(zool.).
[Gk. rhis,
The most prominent point at
the nasals touch (anat.).
rhinocoel (rfnosel) n. [Gk. rhis, nose
A cavity in the
koilos, hollow.]
olfactory lobe of the brain (zool.).
rhinophore (rfnofor) n.
[Gk. rhis,
nose ; pherein, to bear.] A process
on the aboral side of the eye of
certain Molluscs with a supposed
olfactory function (zool.).
(bot.).
reserr&T^nce.]
,.
lobe of the
C. Vt
(rin'Ton) n.
<-
root-like
brain.]
a.
[Gk. rhis, nose.]
the nose.
rhlzocorm (rl'zokorm)
flow
trope, a turning.]
Mechanical response, positive or
to
the
influence
of a water
negative,
Of or pert,
(dot.).
rhein, to
rhizocaul
current (dot.).
rheotropic (re'otrop'ik) a. [Gk. rhein,
to flow trope, a turning.] Responding to current stimulus (6ot.).
rheotropism
[Gk. rhiza,
perennial
fruit.]
a.
[Gk.
karpos, fruit.] Having
perennial roots and annual stems
n.
karpos,
rhiza, root
Retaxis, arrangement.]
sponse to the stimulus of a water
to flow
and
herb (bot.).
rhizocarpous (rfzokar'pus)
[Gk.
(zool.).
rheotaxis
\oikos,
coherent
n.
A rhizoid (dot.).
root
rhamphos, a beak
branches
rhizocarp (rfzokarp)
Beak-shaped.
antheridial
(dot.).
rhamphoid
rhamphotheca (ram'fothe'ka) n.
self
autos,
With
house.]
***
ytes (dot.).
(rizSm'atus)
rhizoma, a root.]
a rhizome (bot.).
Of
a.
[Gk.
the nature of
rhizome (rfzom)
n.
[Gk. rhizoma, a
thick stem partly along
and partly under the ground, sending out shoots above and roots
root.]
below
(bot.).
rhizomorph (rfzomorf)
root
n.
morphe, form.]
[Gk. rhiza,
root-like
(bot.).
(ri'zom&r'fus) a.
[Gk.
In the
rhiza, root ; morphe, form.]
form of a- root ; root-like (bot.).
[Gk.
(rizofagus) a.
rhiza, root ; phagein, to eat.] Living
rhizophagous
on roots
(zool.).
n.
[Gk. rhiza,
pherein, to bear.] A naked
branch which grows down into the
soil and develops roots from its
rhlzophore (rfzofor)
root
apex (bot.).
rhizophorous
rhiza,
root
(nzoforus)
pherein,
a.
[Gk.
to
bear.]
Root-bearing (bot.).
rhizoplast (rfzoplast) n. [Gk. rhiza,
One or
root
plastos, moulded.]
more root-like processes connecting
;
RHI-
arrangement
rhodophane
(bot.).
(ro'dofan) n.
[Gk. rhodon,
rose ',phainein, to show.] Chromophane the red oil globule found
in the retina of Marsupials, Birds,
Reptiles, Fishes (pftys.).
rhodophyll (ro'dofil) n. [Gk. rhodon,
The red
rose
phyllon, a leaf.]
colouring matter of red Algae (dot.).
rhodopsin (rodop'sin) n. [Gk. rhodon,
rose
temporary
opsis, sight.]
reddish - purple pigment in the
retinal rods
visual purple (phys.).
;
rhombencephalon
(romb'enkef'alon,
[Gk. rhombos, magic
engkephalon, brain.] The
n.
-seT-)
wheel
hind-brain.
rhombic (rom'bik)
magic wheel.]
a.
[Gk. rhombos,
and
Appl.
lip
grooves of brain at the rhomboid
fossa (emb.).
(rom'bojen) n.
[Gk.
rhombos, magic wheel genos, offA phase of the parent
spring.]
form in the life cycle of some
;
Mesozoa (zool.).
rhomboid (rom'boid) a. [Gk. rhomeidos, form.]
bos,
magic wheel
Rhombus-shaped appl. fossa, sinus,
;
ligament
with
the
column
spinal
(anat.).
berhomboid - ovate,
something
tween rhomboid and oval in shape.
rhopalium
pherein,
to
Beaked.
n.
[Gk.
stoma, mouth.]
rhyngchos, snout
The anterior terminal pore of
Nemertines through which the proboscis is everted (zool.).
;
rhythm
(rithm) n.
measured motion.]
movement, as seen
[Gk. rhythmos,
Regularity of
in heart pulsa-
(hot.).
rictal
(rik'tal)
a.
(rtg'or) n.
rigor
[L.
Pert,
aperture.]
of a Bird.
the
mouth
mouth gape
rictus,
The
(ropa'lTum)
[Gk.
A marginal
a club.]
organ of Discomedusae
rhopalon,
after
commencement
(biol.).
rima
(rl'ma) n.
[L. rima,
or fissure (anat.}.
rhynchocoel
(ring'kosel)
[Gk.
rhyngchos, snout ; koilos, hollow.]
In Nemertines, the cavity whose
contracting muscular walls evert
the proboscis (zool.}.
rhy nchodaeum (ring'kode'um) n. [Gk.
rhyngchos, snout ; odaios, pert, a
way.] The precerebral region of a
.
Nemertine (zool.).
rhynchodont (ring'kodont)
a.
[Gk.
odous, tooth.]
rhyngchos, snout
With a toothed beak (zool.).
;
(ringkof'orus) a.
cleft.]
cleft
(ri'mat) a.
Having fissures.
rimiform (rfmiform) a.
[L. rima,
a cleft forma, shape.]
In the
shape of a narrow fissure.
rimose (rfmos) a. [L. rima, a cleft.]
Having many clefts or fissures.
rimulose (rlm'ulos) a.
[L. rimula,
a small cleft.] Having many small
;
clefts.
rind (rind)
(zool.).
rhynchophorous
body
formation,
rimate
(anat.).
rhynchostome (ring'kostom)
rhombogen
sense
RIN-
276
n.
The
tree.]
outer skin or
cortex
(bot.).
ring canal,
close
to
umbrella
margin
in
Hydrozoa
(zool.).
ring
cell,
RINare
cylindrical
scale
opp.
bark
(bot.).
ringent
a.
(nn'jgnt)
[L.
ringi,
to
Having
wide.]
the
KfoL).
ringless,
annulus
appl.
Ferns
without
an
(dot.).
riparial
ROS-
277
(nso'rius)
laughter.]
[L.
risus,
(bot.).
water
rodent (ro'dgnt) n.
[L. rodere, to
gnaw.] An animal with a habit of
or
nibbling, as a rabbit.
gnawing
rods and cones, the nerve-epithelium
layer of the retina (anaf.).
root (root) n. [A.S. wyrf, a root.]
The descending portion of a plant,
fixing the plant in the soil, and
substratum
(hot.).
made
is
stele of a plant,
transport
plant (bot.).
root process,
a branched colourless
structure fixing an
Alga
thallus to
soil (bot.).
an
orchid velamen
sheath,
that part of a hair follicle
(bot.)
continuous
with
the epidermis
root
(anat.).
a rhizome
root stalk,
root
(Phys.).
rod fibre,
thallus to
(bot.).
root pocket,
a sheath containing
a root, especially of aquatic plants
root pressure,
(dot.).
n.
horizontal
like
Hydrozoa
(bot.)
portion
the
of
(zool.).
a small swelling on a
legume root, caused by Bacteria
root tubercle,
(bot.).
rootlet,
(bot.).
rosaceous (roza'shus)
a.
[L. rosa, a
With five petals arranged
rose.]
in a circle ; formed like a rose (bot.).
rosellate
(rozfil'at) a.
Arranged
Rosenmuller's
a uterine
(ro'zgnmiil'e'rz)
rudimentary
organ,
organ
rosette
(roze"t')
n.
(zool.).
ROS-
rostriform
rostroid
(ros'trif6rm),
(rSs'troid) a.
forma,
blance.]
rostrulate (ros'troolat) a.
trulum, a small beak.]
rostrulum.
rostrulum (ros'troolum)
[L.
ros-
Like
[L. ros-
small
rostrum.
(ros'trum) n.
[L. rostrum,
beak or beak-like
beak.]
the
;
projecting process
process
between the eyes of a Crayfish ; a
median ventral plate at the base of
the capitulum of Cirripedes ; etc.
(zool.}.
rosulate
(roz'ulat)
Arranged in
rosettes.
rot (rot) n.
[A.S.
rattan,
to
rot.]
disease
Decay
decomposition
caused by Fungi or Bacteria (bot.}
a parasitic disease causing emacia;
rotatores
(anat,}.
rotular (rot'ular) a.
wheel.]
[L.
Of a brownish-red
colour of
ruderal
rust
rubigo,^ rust.]
tint ; with the
affected
by
rust
(bot.}.
(rood'gral)
a.
[L.
rudus,
debris.]
or debris
(bot.}.
rudimentary
(rood'imgn'tari) a.
[L.
(rotat') a.
Shaped
like
a wheel.]
with flat and
[L. rota,
a wheel
[L.
rota,
Turning as on a pivot,
wheel.]
as limbs (phys.} ; circulation, as of
sap
(zool.}.
ruga
(roog'a) n.
[L. ruga, a wrinkle.]
fold or wrinkle, as the folds of
mucous membrane of certain
the
tion (zool.}.
cell
(roz'ular),
rotate
n.
parasites
rostrum
a.
rotator (rota'tor)
(roobij'inus)
n.
rosular
RUG-
278
(bot.}.
organs (anat.}.
rugate (roog'at), rugose (roog'os),
rugous (roog'us) a.
[L. ruga, a
Wrinkled
with many
wrinkle.]
wrinkles on the surface.
rugulose (roog'ulos) a. [L. ruga, a
;
wrinkle.]
Finely wrinkled.
RUMrumen
ruminant (roomlnSnt)
n.
[L.
rumen,
swallowed
(zool.).
of
albumen
betel-nut
(bat.).
rumination (roonYmashun) n.
[L.
The act of
rumen, the throat.]
ruminant animals in returning the
food from the first stomach to the
mouth
strawberry (bat.).
rupestrine (roopfis'trm), rupicoline
(rooplk'olin), rupicolous (rooplk'a.
colere, to
[L. rupes, rock
plus)
Growing or living on
inhabit.]
;
rocks.
a.
[L. rumpere, to
Bursting in an irregular
(rup'tll)
break.]
manner
pouches
gibbous
(bot.).
ruptile
SAL-
279
(room'e'n) n.
(bot.).
rust
(rust) n.
[A.S. rust, redness.]
destructive parasite whose mylives in the intercellular
spaces of higher plants, as wheat
rust (hot.).
rut (rut) n. [M.E. rutien, to rut.l
celium
sacs,
saccus (sak'us)
sac-like
n.
[L. saccus, a sack.]
as saccus
structure,
sacral (sa'kril)
a.
sacred
sacer,
sacrum and
tail
a.
[L.
sacrococcygeal (sa'krokSksIj'eal) a.
sacred ; Gk. kokkyx,
[L.
sacer,
cuckoo.] Pert, sacrum and coccyx,
sacrolumbar (sa'kr6lum'b5r) a. [L.
sacer,
sacred
lumbus,
and lumbar
sacral
loin.]
Pert.
regions,
sacrospinal (sa'krospl'nil) a.
[L.
Pert.
sacer, sacred ; spina, spine.]
sacral region and spine,
sacrovertebral (saTcr6vgr/t6brai) a.
vertebra, a joint]
[L. sacer, sacred
;
vertebral
sagittal
(sajlt'al,
sai'Ital)
a.
[L.
an arrow.]
Appl. the
suture between the parietals (anat.).
sagittal section, section or division
in the median longitudinal plane
sagitta,
(anat.).
sagittate
(sajlt'at,
sajltat)
a.
[L.
sabuline (sab'ulln)
sand.] Sandy,
sabulose,
a.
[L.
sabulum,
sabuline.
SALis
the
first
food (phys.).
salivary (sal'ivari)
a.
[L. saliva,
Pert, saliva, or connected
any way (phys.") appl.
glands which secrete saliva (anat.).
salivation
n.
(sal'Iva'shun)
[L.
saliva, spittle.] The flow of saliva
into the mouth, especially an increased flow (phys.}.
spittle.]
with
in
it
salsuginous
sugo,
saltatorial (saltato'rial)
to leap.]
Adapted
jumping
a.
for,
leaping or dancing
[L. saltare,
or used
in,
appl. limbs of
Insects.
saltatorial.
saltatory,
by
leaps, as
some
saphenous (safe'nus)
(bot.}.
(bot.}.
a. [Gk. saphenes,
the internal or ex-
clear.]
Pert,
ternal
saphena
(anat.).
sapropelic
a.
(sap'ropeTik)
[Gk.
sapros, rotten ; pelos, mud.]
Living
the
of
debris
bottom ooze.
among
saprophyte
rotten
(sap'rofit) n.
phyton, plant.]
[Gk. sapros,
An organ-
phytic organism.
saprozoic (sap'rozo'ik) a. [Gk. sapros,
rotten
zoon, animal.]
Appl. an
;
sarcenchyma (sarkgng'kima)
flesh
sarx,
substance
abundant
n.
[Gk.
engchyma, infusion.]
which the groundgranular and not
in
Parenchyma
is
(biol.).
sarcocarp (sar'kokarp)
n.
[Gk. sarx,
karpos, fruit.] The fleshy or
of
a
fruit
pulpy part
(bot.}.
sarcocyte (sar'koslt) n.
[Gk. sarx,
flesh ; kytos, hollow.]
The middle
of
layer
Gregarine ectoplasm (zool.}.
sarcode (sar'kod) n. [Gk. sarx, flesh.]
The body protoplasm of a Protozoan
flesh
(cyt.).
sarcoderm
Insects.
samara
n.
(sar'kodgrm)
[Gk.
The
sarx, flesh ; derma,
skin.]
fleshy layer between a seed and the
external covering (bot.).
sarcodic (sarkSd'ik) a.
[Gk. sarx,
Pert, or resembling protoflesh.]
plasm
(biol.).
sarcodictyum
(sar'kodik'tium)
n.
sanguicolous (sanggwik'olus)
[L.
colere, to inhabit.]
sanguis, blood
Living in the blood of animals
a.
sarcogenic
Conveying blood, as
arteries, veins
(phys.}.
sanidaster
(san'idas'ter)
n.
[Gk.
[Gk. saphenes,
clear.]
conspicuous vein of the
from
the knee to
leg, extending
the foot (anat.).
a.
(sar'k6je"n'ik)
flesh
sarx,
(zoo/.).
saphena
SAR-
280
genos,
[Gk.
offspring.]
Flesh-producing (biol.).
sarcoid (sir'koid) a. [Gk. sarx, flesh ;
eidos, form.]
Fleshy, as sponge
tissue (zool.).
(sar'kole'm'a) n.
sarx, flesh ; lemma, skin.]
[Gk.
fibre
sarcolemma
The
(anat.).
sarcoma (sarko'ma)
flesh.]
n.
[Gk. sarx,
fleshy excrescence
sarcomatrix (sarkoma'triks)
(bot.).
n.
[Gk.
matrix, womb.]
The fourth protoplasmic zone of a
Radiolarian, the seat of digestion
sarx,
flesh
L.
and assimilation
(zool.).
SARsarcomere (sarTcomer)
n.
[Gk. sarx,
transverse line
meros, part.]
subdividing the sarcostyle (phys.).
sarcophagous (sarkof'agus) a. [Gk.
Subsarx, flesh ; phagein, to eat.]
flesh
on flesh (zool).
sarcoplasm (sar'koplazm) n.
[Gk.
sarx, flesh
plasma, something
sisting
The
moulded.]
stitial
(phys.).
(saYkoso'ma) n,
[Gk.
The
sarx, flesh
soma, body.]
of
the
as
fleshy portion
body
opp.
the skeletal (zool.).
;
sarx, flesh
derm
(sar'kospe'rm) n.
[Gk.
sperma, seed.] Sarco-
(bot.).
(zool).
sarcotheca
n.
(sar'kothe'ka)
[Gk.
flesh
The
theke, a box.]
sheath of a hydrozoan sarcostyle
sarx,
(zool.).
sannentaceous (sirme'nta'shus) a.
Having
[L. sarmentum, a twig.]
slender prostrate stems or runners
(hot.).
sarmentose,
sarmentous,
sarmen-
(sarmSn'tum)
n.
taceous.
[L.
sarothrum (saro'thrum) n.
[Gk. saro-
An enlarged hairy
tron, a broom.]
tarsal joint oif a bee, the pollen
brush (zool.).
sartorius (sarto'rlus)
n.
[L. sartor, a
tailor.]
(anaf.).
satellite (sat'gllt) n.
[L. satelles,
an
(zool.).
(sdroid) a.
[Gk. sauros,
eidos, form.]
Resembling
a saurian (zool.).
lizard
saxicavous
a.
(sak'slka'vus)
[L.
(zool).
(skabeVulus) a.
[L.
Somewhat rough.
scaber, rough.]
scabrate (skab'rat) a.
[L. scaber,
rough.]
or points
scabrate.
of
(bot.).
scabrous,
scala (ska'la) n. [L. scala, a ladder.]
Any of three ladder-like canals in
the cochlea of the ear (zool).
scalarlform (skalar'Iform) a. [L. scala,
ladder
Ladderforma, shape.]
shaped
appl vessels or tissues
having bars like a ladder (bot.).
scale (skal) n. [A.S. sceala, a shell,
;
husk.]
flat,
small, platelike
external structure, dermal or epidermal a bony, horny, or chitinous
outgrowth (zool) ; the bract of a
;
sarmentum
saurold
scaberulous
sarcosoma
sarcosperm
SCA-
281
a bud-protecting cataleaf,
phyllary leaf (bot).
scalene (skalen') a.
[Gk. skalenos,
uneven.] Pert, any of the scalene
scale
muscles (anal).
scalenus (skale'nus) n. [Gk. skalenos,
uneven.] One of three neck muscles
used in bending the head, scalenus
posticus, medius, anticus (anat.).
scalp (skalp) n. [M.E. scalp.] The
skin and subcutaneous tissues of the
surface of the head where hair
grows
(anat.).
[L. scal-
Diptera (zool).
scalpriform (skSl'prIf6rm) a.
[L.
a chisel forma, shape.]
scalfrum,
;
Chisel-shaped,
(zool, anat.).
as
certain
teeth
SCA-
a.
[L. scan-
Formed or adapted
dere, to climb.]
for climbing (zool.}.
scape (skap) n. [Gk. skapos, stalk.]
A flower-stalk arising at or under
a radical peduncle, as
the ground
hyacinth (bot.} a structure formed
by the two basal segments of the
antennae of Diptera (zoo!.).
scapha (ska'fa) n.
[Gk. scaphe, a
boat.] The narrow curved depression between helix and antihelix of
;
scaphium
scaphognathite
(skafognath'lt,
n.
[Gk. skaphe,
The exognathos, jaw.J
podite of the second maxilla of
the
flow of
Decapods, regulating
the respiratory
water
through
skafSg'nathlt)
;
chamber
;
a.
[Gk. skaphe,
eidos, form.]
Shaped like a
appl. a carpal and a tarsal
bone (anat.).
scapholunar (skafolu'nar) a.
[Gk.
skaphe, boat L. luna, moon.] Pert.
scaphoid and lunar carpal bones,
or those bones fused (anat., zool.}.
;
scapiform
skapos,
(ska'pif6rm) a.
[Gk.
stalk ;
L. forma, shape.]
The
scapular
n.
(anat.}.
scarious (ska'rius)
a.
Thin,
membranous.]
branous (hot.}
[F. scarieux,
dry, mem-
or
scaly
scurfy
(zool.}.
schlndylesis
(skin'dile'sls)
schindylesis, a
tion in which
fissure.]
n.
[Gk.
Articula-
ski-) n.
[Gk.
karpos, fruit.]
dry seed-vessel which splits into
two or more one-seeded carpels
schizein, to cleave
(bot.}.
schizochroal (shizokro'al,
schizein,
to
ski-) a. [Gk.
cleave ; chros, bodylenses separate and
With
surface.]
appl. cer-
schlzocoel
(shiz'osel,
schizein, to cleave
ski-)
n.
[Gk.
koilos, hollow.]
schizogamy
(shizog'aml, ski-) n.
[Gk.
; gamos, marriage.]
Fission into a sexual and a nonsexual zooid in some Polychaets
schizein, to cleave
(zool.}.
scaphoid (skaf'oid)
boat
boat
scapus (ska'pus)
schlzocarp (shiz'okarp,
(ska'fium) n.
[Gk. scaphe,
process of the ninth
boat.]
of
male Lepi(copulatory) segment
doptera (zool.}.
scaphocerite (skafose'rit) n.
[Gk.
The
keras, horn.]
skaphe, boat
scale-like exopodite of the second
antenna of Decapods (zool.}.
boat
SCH-
282
(skap'ular) a.
[L. scapula,
shoulder-blade.] Pert, the scapula.
scapulars, scapular feathers of birds.
(zool.}.
of fission
Reproducing by means
(biol.}
schizognathous (shtzog'nathus,
ski-)
jaw.J
Pigeon (zool.}.
schizogony (shizog'oni,
ski-) n.
[Gk.
; gonos, offspring.]
of multiple fission in Proto-
schizein, to cleave
A kind
zoa
(zool.}.
SCHschizokinete
(shiz'oklnet',
ski-)
n.
by multiple
fission (zoo/.).
schizontocytes (shizon'toslts,
plu.
ski-) n.
ons,
being
kytos, hollow.]
Cytomeres
into which a schizont divides, and
which
themselves
divide
into
clusters of merozoites (zoo/.).
schizopelmous (shiz'opeTmus, ski-) a.
[Gk. schizein, to cleave
pelma,
sole of the foot.] With two separate
flexor tendons connected with the
;
toes, as in
some Birds
schizorhinal
ski-)
(shiz'ori'nal,
a.
(**).
schlzostely (shiz'oste'H, ski-) n. [Gk.
schizein, to cleave ; stele, a post.]
The condition of a stem in which
the plerome gives rise to a number
of strands, each composed of one
vascular bundle ; astely (oof.).
schlzothecal (shiz'othe'kal, ski-) a.
theke, a
[Gk. schizein, to cleave
;
Having
scale
like
horny
primitive sheath
(J>kys.}.
sciatic (siat'Ik) a.
[Gk. ischion, hipPert, the hip region
appl.
joint.]
artery, nerve, etc. (anat.).
;
scion (st6n) n.
branch or
purposes
shoot
(oot.).
notochord
(emo.).
spicule (zoo/.).
sclerenchyma (sklgreng'klma)
n.
[Gk.
sclerite
(zoo/.).
case.]
SCL-
283
n.
(skle'rit)
[Gk.
skleros,
sclerobase
skleros,
n.
(skle'robas)
basis, base.]
;
hard
hard
sponge
cell
The
[Gk.
a bud.J
blastos,
[Gk.
(zoo/.).
develops (zoo/.).
sclerocauly (skleVokoll) n.
skleros, hard
kaulos, stalk.]
;
[Gk.
Con-
scleroderm (skleVOdgrm) n.
[Gk.
An
derma, skin.]
skleros, hard
indurating integument the skeletal
;
part of Corals
(zoo/.).
sclerodermatous (skleVodeYmatus) a.
derma, skin.]
[Gk. skleros, hard
Having an external skeletal struc;
ture
(zoo/.).
sclerodermite
(skleYodeYmlt) n.
[Gk. skleros, hard ; derma, skin.]
The hard outer covering of an
hard
offspring.]
genos,
Woody
hard
Secreting lignin
genos,
(oot.}.
offspring.]
SCU-
284
scleroicl
hard
a.
[Gk. skleros,
resemblance.] Hard
(skle'roid)
eidos,
skeletal
(biol.).
sclerophylly
(skle'rofil'f)
n.
[Gk.
skleros,
sclerosis (sklgro'sis) n.
[Gk. skleros,
Hardening by increase of
hard.]
connective tissue or lignin (hot.').
sclerotal (sklgro'tal) a. [Gk. skleros,
indurated ; conhard.] Sclerotic
;
(hot.) ;
lignin
pert, the
sclerotic of the eye (anat.).
sclerotic (skleYot'ik) n. [Gk. skleros,
taining
of Birds
(zool.).
sclerotioid
skleros,
hard
a.
(sklgrot'ioid)
[Gk.
;
eidos, resemblance.]
Pert, a sclerotium
sclerotium
[Gk.
(bot.).
(sklero'tium,
skleros,
hard.]
n.
resting,
sclerotome
(skler'otom) n.
[Gk.
;
tome, a cutting.]
skleros,
partition of connective tissue be-
hard
a.
(zool.).
[Gk.
skleros,
hard.] Sclerotal.
scolecid (sko'lgsid) a. [Gk. skolex, a
worm.] Pert, a scolex.
scoleciform
(skoles'iform) a.
[Gk.
L. forma, shape.]
;
Like a scolex.
scolecite (skol'gslt) n.
[Gk. skolex,
skolex,
worm
scolecoid (skol'gkoid) a.
worm eidos, form.]
;
a scolex.
scolex (sko'lgks)
[Gk. skolex,
Resembling
like.
scopula (skop'ula)
[L. scopttla, a
n.
small tuft of
brush.]
a needle-like sponge spicule
in climbing
with brush-like head
spiders, a tuft of club-like hairs on
each foot, replacing the third claw
small
hairs
(zoo!.).
structure.
scopuliform
a.
(skop'uliform)
scopula,
shape.]
brush
small
[L.
forma,
curved
tail.
a uniparous cymose
inflorescence in which the daughteraxes are developed right and left
scorpioid cyme,
alternately
(bot.).
scrobicule,
a scrobicula.
scrobiculus
(skrobik'ulus) n.
[L.
pit or depression.
scrobis, ditch.]
[Gk.
skolex,
[Gk. skolex,
worm
scrobiculus cordis,
stomach
(anal.).
scrotal
a.
(skro'tal)
[L. scrotum.]
Pert, or in the region of the scrotum
(anat.).
scrotum (skro'tum)
n.
(zool.).
scopiferous, scopate.
scopiform (sko'piform) a. [L. scopa,
Brushbrush
forma, shape.]
-shium)
The
sclerous
The
external
testicles,
in
sac
n.
[L. scrotum.]
containing the
Mammals.
scurf
(skiirf) n.
Scaly
[A.S. scurf.}
skin dried outer skin peeling off in
scales (anat.)
the scaly epidermal
covering of some leaves (bot.).
;
SCU-
SEC-
285
scutal (sku'tal) a.
Pert, a scutum.
scutate
a.
(sku'tat)
[L. scutum,
Protected by large scales
or horny plates (zool}.
scute (skut) n. [L. scutum, shield.]
An external scale, as of Reptile,
Fish, or scaly Insect (zool.).
scutella (skuteTa) n. [L. scutellum,
a small shield.]
A scutellum or
shield.]
shield-like structure.
(zool.).
modified
spine
aperture
in
overhanging
the
some Cheilostomata
(zool.).
(tot.).
scyphiform
(skif'iform,
cup
skyphos,
L.
a.
si-)
forma,
[Gk.
shape.]
a cup
like
Shaped
(tot.).
scyphistoma (skifis'toma, si-) n. [Gk.
A
stoma, mouth.]
skyphos, cup
scyphula, the scyphozoon polyp
stage in the development of Aurelia
;
(zool.).
scyphose
sl'fos) a.
[Gk.
Scyphiform.
sif-) n.
[Gk. skyphos, cup.] A scyphistoma.
scyphulus (skif'ulus, si-) n.
[Gk.
skyphos, cup.] A small cup-shaped
(skif'os,
skyphos, cup.]
scyphula
(skifula,
structure
scyphus
(dot.).
[Gk. skyphos,
of a Narcissus ; a
funnel shaped corolla
the cupshaped expansion of the podetium
(skif'us, si-)
The cup
cup.]
in
some Lichens
(tot.).
scutellum (skuteTum)
n.
scutlferous,
scutigerous.
scutiform (sku'tiform) a. [L. scutum,
shield
Shaped
forma, shape.]
like a shield
appl. the floating leaf
of Salvinia (hot}.
;
scutiped (sku'tip&i)
(zool.).
scutum
[L. scutum,
shield-like plate, horny,
chitinous, developed in
(sku'tum)
shield.]
or
bony,
the integument
the
fornix
or
sebiferous (sSbif'Srus)
a.
[L. sebum,
Conveying
sebiparous
(sfiblp'arus) a.
[L. sebum,
Secreting
(phys.).
(zool.\
secondary
(sgk'ondari)
a.
[L.
se-
rising
from
each
Chara (tot.).
secondary growth,
capitulum
of
development of
SEG-
secundines,
as in
secondly
woody dicotyledons
secondary
meristem,
(dot.).
phellogen
(dot.).
a tissue
secondary prothallium,
produced in the megaspore of
the
after
Selaginella
true
pro-
and
tissue,
tertiary
in
roots
(dot.).
a small or ab-
secondary spore,
an ascospore (dot.).
tissue formed
secondary tissue,
through phellogen, externally cork,
and internally phelloderm (dot.).
secondary wood, wood formed from
jointed spore
cambium
(dot.).
secretin (sekre'tin) n.
to separate.]
produced
[L. secernere,
A chemical substance
in the intestinal
membrane whose
action
mucous
on
the
secretitious
secernere,
(sekretish'us)
to separate.]
a.
[L.
Appl. a
of secretion (phys.).
sectile (sgk'tll) a.
[L. secare, to cut.]
Cut into small partitions, com-
partments
(dot.).
secund (sgk'und)
a.
[L. secundus,
following.] Appl. flowers or leaves
on
one
side
of the stem
arranged
(dot.).
the
foetal
membranes
collectively (anat.).
(sek'undlT) adv.
On
cundus, following.]
of a stem or axis (dot.).
sedentary
to
sit.]
[L.
se-
one side
(sed'Sntari) a.
[L. sedere,
Not free-living ; appl.
conditions
(hot.)
semen
(anat.).
segment
(seg'me'nt)
n.
[L.
seg-
a division of a leaf if
the base (dot.).
cleft
nearly to
segmental
arteries,
diverticula
an embryonic
organ,
excretory organ (emb.).
segmental papillae,
conspicuous
pigment spots by which true segments maybe recognised in Leeches
segmental
(zool.).
n.
segmentation
(s&g'mSnta'shun)
The
[L. segmentum, a segment.]
division or splitting into segments
or portions (btol.) cleavage of an
;
ovum
(emb.).
an ovum
(emb.).
SEG-
morphic (Hoi.}.
sejugous (sgj'oogus) a. [L. sex, six
jugum, a yoke.] With six pairs of
;
a.
(sgle'nodont)
selene, moon
odous, tooth.]
[Gk.
Appl.
molars when lengthened out antero-posteriorly and curved (as in
;
sheep).
selenotropism
[Gk. selene,
(selenot'ropTzm)
moon
trope,
n.
a turn-
turn towards
(bot.}.
by means of
elements, said of a
fertile
own male
flower
to
Tendency
self -fertile,
autogamy.
its
somatic (sematik) a.
[Gk. sema, a
sign.]
Functioning as a danger
signal, as certain colours or odours
semen
n.
semen,
(se'men)
[L.
The fluid secreted in the
testicles (zoo/.).
seed.]
semiamplexicaul
(sgm'iamplek'sikol) a.
[L. semi, half; amplecli,
to embrace ; caulis, stem.]
Partially surrounding the stem (bot.}.
semianatropous
[L. semi, half
a turning.]
ovule
(sfim'Ianat'ropus)
;
Gk. ana, up
With
a.
trope,
half- inverted
ear
[L.
circle.]
appl.
labyrinth
semicomplete (sem'Ikomplet')
semi,
a.
[L.
complete
(zool.}.
n.
(sgm'Iflo'rgt)
[L.
semihalf; flos, flower.]
floscule or ray of composite flowers
semi,
(bot.}.
semiflosculous
[L. semi,
flower.]
(sgm'iflos'kulus)
half; flosculus, a
Having
ligulate
a.
small
florets
(bot.}.
semilocular
(sem'ilSk'ular) a.
[L.
semi, half; loculus, a small place.]
with
loculi
incomplete
Appl. ovary
(bot.}.
(sgm'ilu'nar, -loo-) a.
half;
moon shaped
[L.
Halfluna, moon.]
;
appl. ganglia, fascia,
valves (anat.}
a carpal bone
n.,
(zool,}.
semimembranosus
sus) n.
nosus,
[L.
A thigh
membranous.]
muscle with a flat membranelike tendon at its upper extremity
(anat.}.
fosls) n.
morphosis (zool.\
seminal (sem'inal)
seed.]
Pert,
a.
semen
semen,
[L.
appl. the fluid
(zool.}
duct or the
cotyledons
appl.
(bot.}.
or sac in
stores
Worms
the spermatheca
or Snails which
male elements
till
required
(zool.}.
semination
semen,
.
(sgm'fna'shun)
[L.
Dispersal of seeds
seed.]
(bot.}.
seminiferous (sgmTnlf'erus) a.
[L.
semen, seed ferre, to carry.] Seseed
seminal
or
or
conveying
creting
fluid (zool.}
bearing seed (bot.}.
;
seminude (sgm'Inud)
(bot.}.
(sem'iko'dat)
of the
seminal receptacle,
in animals.
semicaudate
canals
a.
(anaf.}.
semi,
self-mutilation, autotomy.
self - pollination,
transference
of
anthers to
pollen grains from
stigmas of the same flower.
not capable of fertilizaself-sterile,
by
the
semllunar
(bot.}.
self-fertilization,
tion
semicircular (sgm'IseYkular)
a
semi,
half;
circulus,
Describing a half - circle
seminoret
leaflets (bot.}.
selenodont
ing.]
SEM-
287
rudimentary
tail.]
(zool.}.
a.
[L.
With
the
a.
[L. semi,
half; nudus, naked.] With ovules
or seeds exposed (bot.}.
seminymph (sgmlnlmf)
n.
[L. semi,
SEMA
morphosis (zool.).
semiovate (sem'io'vat) a. [L. semi,
Half-oval
half;
ovum, egg.]
somewhat oval.
semioviparous (sem'itivlp'arus) a. [L.
semi, half; ovum, egg
parere, to
Between oviparous and
beget]
viviparous, as a Marsupial whose
young are very imperfectly developed when born (zool.}.
semlovoid (sem'io'void) a. [L. semi,
half
ovum, egg Gk. eidos, form.]
;
Somewhat ovoid
semipalmate
semi,
a.
(seni'ipal'mat)
half;
palma,
Having
way down (zool.).
hand.]
toes
[L.
palm of the
webbed half-
semipenniform
a.
(sem'ipe'n'iform)
semi, half
penna, feather
certain
shape.]
Appl.
forma,
[L.
a.
semiplume (sem'iploom)
n.
feather.]
[L. semi,
feather
web (zool.).
semlpupa (sem'ipu'pa)
downy
[L. semi,
larval
half; pupa, a puppet.]
stage in the development of certain
Insects (zool.).
.
semirecondite (sem'irek'ondit)
semi,
half
[L.
recondere, to conceal.]
.
(sem'isap'rofit) n.
[L. semi, half; Gk. sapros, rotten ;
plant partially
phyton, plant.]
saprophytic (hot.).
semispinalis (sgm'Ispina'lis)
semi,
half;
continuously (anat.).
semitendinosus (sem'iten'dinosus)
[L. semi, half
n.
tendere, to stretch.]
semitendinous (sem'itfin'dinus) a.
half;
semi,
tendere,
[L.
stretch.]
to
somewhat tuberous
roots
to
grow
appl.
condition
(hot.).
n. [L. senescere,
Advancing age
old.]
of
Protozoa after
pluma,
senescence (senes'ens)
in shape.
semiparaslte (sem'ipar'asit) n.
[L.
semi, half; Gk. parasitos, eating
half;
SEP-
288
spinalis,
n.
spinal.]
[L.
sensigerous (phys.).
sensile (sen'sll) a. [L. sensus, sense.]
of
a sense
Capable
affecting
(Phys.).
sensitive
(sen'sltiv)
a.
[L.
sensus,
sense.]
(Phys.).
which
a
plant,
plant
droops, recoils, or closes at a
touch, as Mimosa (hot.).
sensorial (sgnso'rial) a. [L. sensus,
sense.] Pert, the sensorium (phys.).
sensitive
sensorium (senso'rium)
n.
[L. sensus,
(Phys.).
sensory
(sen'sorl)
a.
[L.
sensus,
sense.]
(Phys.).
SEP-
SER-
L. sepes, a hedge.]
leaf-like
division of the calyx (dot.).
sepaled
(se'pald) a.
sepals
[Sepal.]
Having
(dot.}.
a.
Like
[Sepal.]
(dot.).
Divided by partitions.
septempartite (se'p'tempar'tlt) a. [L.
septem, seven \pars, a part.] Appl.
a leaf with seven divisions extending
nearly to the base (dot.).
septenate (sep'tgnat) a. [L. septeni,
seven each.] With parts in sevens
appl. seven leaflets of a leaf (bot.).
partition.]
(se"p'tisl'dal) a.
[L. septum,
Dividing
through the middle of the ovary
caedere,\.o cut.]
septa (dot.).
septiferous (septif erus) a.
partition
septa
[L. septum,
Having
ferre, to bear.]
(hot.}.
septifolious
maxilla
(zool.).
septonasal
a.
(sgp'tona'zal)
[L.
septum, partition
nasus, nose.]
Pert, the internarial
septum (ana/.).
septulate (sgp'tulat) a. [L. septulum,
a small septum.] Having spurious
septa (dot.).
septulum (sgp'tulum) n. [L. septulum,
a small septum.]
A small or
;
sepallne (sep'alin)
a sepal (dot.).
septicidal
division
Pert,
(sep'tlfo'llus)
a.
[L.
seven
septeni,
folium, a leaf.]
With seven leaves or leaflets (dot.).
septiform (sgp'tiform) a. [L. septum,
partition
forma, shape.] In the
form of a septum.
;
septomaxillary
secondary septum
(dot.).
septum
(sep'tum) n.
[L. septum,
partition separating
partition.]
into two cavities, as
in
fruits,
chambered shells, corals (diol.).
septum narium, the partition between the nostrils (anat.).
the
diaseptum transversum,
phragm
(anat.).
Covered
[L. serious, silken.]
with fine close-pressed silky hairs
a.
(dot.).
(zool.).
serosity
(sgrSs'itl)
n.
The watery
serum.]
[L.
serum,
part of animal
serotinous (sgrot'mus)
Blooming
late.]
than
customary
a.
[L. serus,
later in the season
for the species
(dot.).
serous
(se'riis) a.
Watery
pert,
serum
appl. fluid,
gland (phys.).
serous alveoli, alveoli which secrete
a watery non-viscid saliva, opp.
mucous
alveoli (phys.).
containing
serra (seVa)
Any
fossil
n.
worm-tubes (Pal.).
a saw.]
[L. serra,
saw-like structure.
serrate (seVat)
a.
[L.
serra,
saw.]
(diol.).
serrate-ciliate,
toothed edges
with hairs
(dot.).
fringing
SEU-
serratodenticulate(serat'odentik'ulat)
a,
[L.
serra,
saw
With many-toothed
serrature
saw.]
dens, tooth.]
serrations (bot.).
;
n.
(seYatur)
[L.
saw-like notch.
serra,
(anat.).
serrlferous (serlf'Srus)
to
ferre,
a.
[L. serra,
Furnished
carry.]
With notched
pes, foot.]
feet.
[L. serrula, a
comb-like ridge
saw.]
on the chelicerae of some Arachnids
serrula
small
(ser'ula)
n.
serrulate (seYulat) a.
[L. serrula,
a small saw.] Like a finely-notched
saw.
serrulation (ser'ula'shun) n.
[L.
A small
serrula, a small saw.]
notch.
Sertoli cells,
enlarged lining epithelium-cells connected with groups
of developing spermatozoa in testes
(anat.}.
serum
The
of
motile (zool.).
seta (se'ta) n.
[L.
bristle-like
Any
the
proteins
globulin,
of serum
(phys.).
seta,
bristle.]
structure
the
[L. seta, a
setifprm (se'tifbrm) a.
Bristlebristle
forma, shape.]
shaped appl. teeth when very fine
;
and
closely set.
bristle
(setij'erus)
to
gerere,
a.
[L. seta,
Setifbear.]
erous ; setiparous
bristle-bearing.
setigerous sac, a sac, in which is
lodged a bundle of setae, formed
by an invagination of the epidermis in the parapodium of
;
Chaetopods
(zool.).
of certain
gills
(zool.).
and
out
setigerous
saw
SEX-
290
Decapods
(zool.).
bristle
forma,
shape.]
Thread-
like
like a setula or fine bristle.
setulose (set'ulos) a. [L. seta, bristle.]
Set with small bristles.
;
sex (sks)
n.
[L. sexus,
sex.]
The
sum
of characteristics, structures,
functions, by which an animal or
plant is classed as male or female.
sexdigitate (seksdij'itat) a. [L. sex,
six
With six
digitus, a finger.]
fingers or toes (zool).
sexfld (sgks'ffd) a.
st
six
[L. sex,
;
(anat.).
sesamoidal
(seVamoidal)
eidos,
sesamon, sesame
Pert, a sesamoid bone.
;
a.
[L.
form.]
findere, to cleave.]
as a calyx (bot.).
sexfoil (sSks'foil)
a.
six
SEXPert, sex
asexual
sexual
(bio/.).
an ovum or sperm,
cell,
sexual
dimorphism,
marked
n.
A protective covering
or pod.]
a theca ; an investing petiole (dot.}
an insect wing-cover
(shfil) n.
[A.S.
;
;
(zool.}.
scell, shell.]
The
(zool.}.
in
the organ
a shell is created.
shield (sheld) n.
shield.]
as
for
sigma
(bot.}.
(slg'ma) n.
[Gk.
sigma.]
2,
protecting
forming
arteries,
appl.
valves
cavities,
(anat.}.
an S-shaped double
a bird's neck the Scurve described by the
sigmoid flexure,
[A.S.
carapace
scild,
structure
or lorica
curve as
shaped
in
intestine (anat.}.
silicle (sll'ikl) n.
(zool.}.
[Gk. sialon,
Like
saliva ; eidos, resemblance.]
saliva (phys.}.
sicula (sik'ula) n. [L. sicula, a small
small dagger-shaped
dagger.]
body at the end of a Graptolite,
supposed to be the skeleton of the
primary zooid of the colony (pal.}.
side-chain theory, Ehrlich's theory
of the phenomena of immunity, viz.,
that toxins unite with living protoplasm by possessing the same
property as that by which nutritive
proteins are normally assimilated
pod.]
a little
very short flat
[L. silicula,
silicula, or
form of siliqua
(bot.}.
silicular (silik'ular) a.
[L. silicula, a
little pod.]
Siliculose ; siliculous ;
like or pert, or having a silicle (bot.}.
siliqua (slllk'wa) n.
[L. siliqua, a
long cylindrical fruit
pod.]
silique
(silek'),
siliquiform
siliqua.
a.
(sTlik'wiform)
siliqua,
Formed
like
pod
forma,
a silique
[L.
shape.]
(bot.}.
siliquose (sil'ikwos) a.
[L. siliqua,
pod.] Siliquous ; bearing siliques
(bot.}.
simian (slm'Ian)
a.
[L.
simia,
an
ape.]
(phys.}.
sieve
fied to
a.
[L. sigillum, a
seal-like markings,
(sij'ilat)
Having
as certain roots
such
sigiUate
seal.]
(zool.}.
sheath (sheth)
shell
shaft.]
strongly-
etc.,
shell
SIM-
291
form sieve-plates
(bot.}.
(bot.}.
a perforation of a
tics
(zool.}.
simple eyes,
SIM-
292
simulation
(sim'ula'shun)
simulate.]
simulare, to
[L.
as-
The
some
animals of
features or structures intended to
deceive enemies and so protect
themselves, as the forms of leaf
by
sumption
the
stick Insects, and
all
varieties of protective coloration
and
(zool.}.
sincipital (sinsip'ital) a.
half;
head.]
caput,
sinciput (anat}.
[L.
Pert,
semi,
the
SIP-
siphonate
sinistral
siphonet
(sin'istral) a.
the left ;
On
left.]
[L. sinister,
appl. a shell
or siphons
to
vertere,
turn.]
Appl.
Aphid
line
(zool., anat.}
tion
a groove or indenta-
it
(anat.}.
sinusoid (sl'nusoid) n.
[L. sinus,
curve ; Gk. eidos, resemblance.] A
minute blood space in organ tissue
formed from intercrescence of endodermal cells and vascular endothelium,
where
[Gk. siphon,
of an
(zool.}.
a.
(slfo'nial)
siphonium
[Gk. siphon,
n.
(slf o'nium)
[Gk. siphon,
A membranous tube connecting the air - passages of the
quadrate with an air-space in the
mandible (Crocodile) (zool.}.
tube.]
siphonogamous
[Gk. siphon, tube
.
a.
(sl'fonog'amus)
;
gamos, marriage.]
a
by
pollen
fertilization
Securing
tube (bot.}.
siphonogamy
siphon,
(sl'fonog'ami) n.
[Gk.
Fertilization
by
tube.]
(bot.}.
siphonoglyph
(sl'fonoglif) n.
[Gk.
siphon, tube ; glyphein, to engrave.]
One
of
(bot.}.
n.
Pert, a siphonium.
tube.]
(zool.}.
(sl'fonet)
siphonial
[Gk. siphon,
tube.]
whose
a.
(sl'fonat)
tube.]
(zool.}.
siphonoplax
(sl'fdnoplaks') n.
[Gk.
siphon, tube ; plax, a tablet.]
calcareous plate connected with
the siphon of certain Molluscs
(zool.}.
siphonostele (sffonostel') n.
[Gk.
The
stele, a post.]
siphon, tube
hollow vascular cylinder of a stem,
containing pith (bot.}.
siphonostelic (sl'fonostel'ik) a. [Gk.
siphon, tube
stele, a post.]
Appl.
hollow cylindrical stems, chiefly
;
of Ferns
(bot.}.
siphonostomatous
a.
[Gk.
(sl'fb'nostom'atus)
siphon,
tube
stoma,
siphonozooid (si'fonozo'oid)
n.
[Gk.
SIP-
zoon, animal
eidos,
A smaller indiresemblance.]
vidual
of
certain
Alcyonarian
without
tentacles
or
colonies,
siphon, tube
gonads
(zool.}.
a.
siphorhinal
(sl'fori'nal)
rhis, nose.]
siphon, tube
[Gk.
With
tubular nostrils
(zool.}.
siphuncle (sifung'kl) n.
culus, a small tube.]
[L. siphun-
siphonet
siphunculate
(sifung'kulat)
sitotropism (sitot'ropizm)
food ; trope, a
sttos,
a.
[L.
Having
[Gk.
food
(dial.).
zool.}.
of the skeleton
(biol.}.
skeleton (skeTgton)
n.
[Gk. skeletos,
skin (skin)
n.
[Swed. skinn, skin.]
external covering of an animal,
or
seed.
fruit,
plant,
skin-gills,
transparent contractile
outgrowths from the skin of Asterwith
oids,
respiratory function
The
Worm.
skull (skul)
cranium.]
and
(bot.}.
having jointed
soft-rayed,
soft-shelled,
fin-rays
with
flat
and
shields
mud
Tortoises
without
horny
covered with soft
appl.
shell
soleaform (sS'leaform) a.
sandal forma, shape.]
;
[L. solea,
Slipper-
shaped.
solenia (sole'nla) n. plu. [Gk. solen,
a channel.] Endoderm-lined canals,
diverticula from the coelentera of a
zooid colony (zool.}.
solenocytes (sole'nSsIts) n. plu. [Gk.
channel
hollow.]
kytos,
Slender club-shaped tubular flagelcells
connected with the
solen,
lated
of
some Polychaets,
nephridia
Trochelminths, and of Amphioxus
(zool.}.
solenostele
n.
[Gk.
(sole'nostel)
channel; stele, a column.] A
stage after the siphonostele in fern-
solen,
(zool.}.
skin-rings,
body of a
(zool.}.
n.
turning.]
to turn in the direction
Tendency
of
SOM-
293
n.
stem development
[M.E.
skulle,
the
The cranium,
or hard
bony part of the head of a
vertebrate.
smell (sm61)
(hot.}.
n.
the
(anat.}.
soma
(so'ma) n.
SOM-
SPA-
294
as a whole with
the exception of the germinal or
reproductive cells (&'<?/.).
somacule (so'makul) n. [Gk. soma,
body.] A unit of protoplasm ; a
biophore. See hypothetical units.
somatic (somat'ik) a.
[Gk. soma,
body.] Pert, the purely bodily part
of an animal as distinct from the
germinal or reproductive cells
(biol.}.
sori (bot.).
sorosis
(soro'sis)
[Gk. soros, a
n.
composite
fruit
formed by
and
flowers, as
pile.]
in
Pine-apple (bot.).
sorus (so'rus) n. [Gk. soros, a pile.]
A collection of small stalked sporangia on the under surface of a
clusters of
fern pinnule (bot.)
spores in some Sarcodina (zool.).
spadiceous (spadish'us) a. [L. spadix,
a palm-branch.] Arranged like a
spadix (bot.).
;
somatoblast (som'atoblast)
soma, body
blastos, bud.]
n.
[Gk.
cell
somatocyst (som'atosist) n.
[Gk.
soma, body kystis, a bladder.] An
air cavity in the pneumatophore of
Siphonophores (zool.).
somatogenic (som'atqjen'ik) a. [Gk.
soma, body ; genos, offspring.] Developing from somatic cells (emb.).
;
somatome (som'atom)
n.
[Gk. soma,
The substance of a
moulded.]
somatic cell (biol.).
somatopleural (som'atoploor'al) a.
[Gk. soma, body
pleura, side.]
Pert, the somatopleure.
;
epiblast (emb.).
spadicifloral,
spadi ceous.
spadicifonn
(spadis'iform)
spadix:,
shape.]
a.
[L.
palm-branch
forma,
Resembling a spadix (bot.).
;
spadicose (spa'dikos) a.
[L. spadix,
Like a spadix
a palm-branch.]
(bot.).
spadix (spa'diks) n.
[L. spadix, a
palm-branch broken off with its
A
fruit
a nut-brown colour.]
racemose inflorescence with elon-*
and
an
sessile
flowers,
gated axis,
;
enveloping spathe
(bot.).
spasmoneme (spaz'monem)
spasma, a spasm
n.
[Gk.
nema, a thread.]
certain
spathal,
Infusorians,
spathaceous.
n.
[Gk. spathe, a broad
A large enveloping leaf,
or petaloid, protecting a
spathe (spath)
blade.]
green
spadix
(bot.).
spathed (spathd) a.
[Gk. spathe, a
broad blade.] Furnished with a
spathe (bot.).
spathella (spathel'a)
a broad blade.]
spadix (hot.).
spathose (spa'thos) a. [Gk. spathe, a
broad blade.] With or like a spathe
(bot.).
soredium (sore'dium)
a
pile.]
n.
[Gk. soros,
scale-like or globular
n.
[Gk. spathe,
A small spathe
a
division
of a palm
surrounding
(bot.).
spathous, spathose.
spathulate, see spatulate.
spatula (spat'ula) n. [L. spatula, a
spoon.] A breast-bone or anchor
process of certain dipterous larvae
(zool.).
SPA-
295
spatulate (spat'ulat)
a.
[L. spatula,
spoon.]
Spoon-shaped
appl. a
with broad, rounded apex,
thence tapering to the base (bot.).
;
leaf
spawn
[M.E. spaivnen, to
spawn.] The collection of eggs deposited by Fishes, Frogs, etc. (zoo/.);
mycelium of certain Fungi (bot.).
(spon) n.
species (spe'shigz)
n.
[L.
species,
term used in
particular kind.]
the natural sciences to denote a
group of closely-allied individuals
the division is purely artificial (biol.).
:
(spgstflk) a.
[L. species, a
particular kind ; facere, to make.]
The second name in binomial
specific
which
nomenclature,
characteristics
species
see
appl.
distinguishing
(biol.).
speleology
n.
[Gk.
(spe'leSl'qji)
cave
logos, discourse.]
study of cave life.
spelaion,
The
sperm (spgrm) n. [Gk. sperma, seed.]
The male fertilizing element a
;
spermatozoon
(cyt.).
spermaduct (speVmadukt)
n.
[Gk.
sperma, seed ; L. ducere, to lead.]
A duct for conveyance of spermatozoa (zool.).
spermarium, a spermary.
spermary (speYmari) n. [Gk. sperma,
An
organ
which sper-
in
matozoa or antheridia
duced (biol.).
are
pro-
spermatangium (speYmatan'jIum)
n.
[Gk.
Algae (hot.}.
spermatheca (speYmathe"ka)
;
(zool.).
a.
[Gk.
(spgrmat'lk)
Pert, spermatozoa
sperma, seed.]
or testis
(zool.).
spermatid
(speVmatld) n.
[Gk.
cell arising by
sperma, seed.]
division of the secondary spermatocytes and becoming a spermatozoon
spermatlferous (spSrmatlf'e'rus) a.
[Gk. sperma, seed ; L. ferre, to
carry.]
Bearing spermatia (tot.).
n.
spermatiophore (speYmat'iofor)
[Gk. sperma, seed ;pherein, to bear.]
A spermatia-producing sporophore
(hot.).
spennatium
(spfirma'shlum) n. [Gk.
sperma, seed.] A non-motile sperm
of red Algae
a small cell formed
by abstrictions of filaments of
;
spermatize
sperma,
To
(tot.).
v.
(speVmatlz)
seed.]
[Gk.
impregnate
(biol.).
spermatoblast
n.
(speYmatoblast)
seed
blastos, bud.]
a Sertoli cell (cyt.).
;
spermatid
spermatoblastic (speYmatoblas'tlk) a.
blastos, bud.]
[Gk. sperma, seed
Sperm-producing.
;
spermatocyst (speYmatosIst)
n.
[Gk.
sperma, seed ; kystis, a bladder.]
A seminal sac.
spermatocyte (speVmatosit)
sperma, seed
n.
[Gk.
hollow.]
kytos,
[Gk.
growth from a
a primary spermatocyte divides to form two
secondary spermatocytes, each of
hich gives rise to two spermatids
cell
by
spermatogonium
arising
..
/
spermatogenesis
n.
[Gk.
origin.]
formation
genesis,
sperma, seed
The process of sperm;
(biol.).
spermatogenetic
a.
[Gk.
descent.]
sperm-producing.
spermatogenic, sperma togenous,
spermatogenetic.
spermatogonial (spgr'matogo'nlal)
n.
theke, a case.} A
sperma, seed
receptaculum seminis a sac in the
female of many invertebrates in
which spermatozoa are stored till
required
spermatic
[Gk. spertna,
(biol.).
seed.]
SPE-
a.
spermatogonium (speVmatogo'nlum)
n.
spring.]
cell (cyt.).
SPEspermatoid
a.
[Gk.
resemblance.]
(sper'matoid)
sperma, seed
Like a sperm
eidos,
(biol.}.
spermatomerites
n.
plu.
part.]
SPH-
296
(speVmatome'rlts)
[Gk. sperma, seed meros,
;
(cyt.).
spermoderm (spgr'modSrm)
n.
derma, skin.]
sperma, seed
outer covering of a seed (bot.).
;
[Gk.
The
spermatophore
(spgr'matofor) n.
[Gk. sperma, seed pherein, to bear.]
A capsule of albuminous matter
containing a number of sperms
;
(zool.).
spring
to carry.]
~L..ferre,
spermogonia
Having
(bot.).
spermogonium (speVmogo'nium)
n.
n.
spermatoplasm (speVmatoplazm)
;
n.
spermatoplast
(sper'matoplast)
[Gk. s^erma, seed plastos, moulded.]
A male sexual cell (bot.).
n.
spermatosome
(speVmatosom)
[Gk. sperma, seed ; soma, body.]
;
A spermatozoon,
spermatotheca, a spermatheca.
n.
[Gk.
union.] The union by conjugation
of two or more spermatozoa occurring in the vas deferens of some
Insects (zool.).
a.
(speVmatozo'an)
zoon, animal.]
[Gk. sperma, seed
Pert, spermatozoa.
spermatozoid (speYmatozo'id) n. [Gk.
sperma, seed zoon, animal ; eidos,
resemblance.] An antherozoid ; a
;
(bot.).
a spermatozoid.
spermatozooid,
A
sperma, seed ; zoon, animal.]
male reproductive cell, consisting
of head, middle part, and flagellum
n.
[Gk.
a case.] A
theke,
chamber for
cayed
withered
sphacelia
kelos,
(sfase'lia)
gangrene.]
(bot.).
n.
[Gk. sphagonidial
The
in the
development of the
Fungus, producing ergot (bot.).
sphaeraphides (sferafidez) n. plu.
stage
cells (btol.).
sphaeridia
(zoo I.}.
spermiducal glands,
glandular
spermiduct (speYmidukt)
n.
[Gk.
L. ducere, to lead.]
sperma, seed
A duct for the transmission of
spermatozoa (zool.).
spermocarp (speVmokarp) n.
[Gk.
sperma, seed
karpos, fruit.] An
;
after fertilization
oogonium
spermocentre
The
(bot.}.
(spgr'mosSn'ter)
seeds.
sperma, seed
(sper'matozu'gma)
sperma, seed ; zeugma,
spermotheca (spgr'mothe'ka)
spermatozeugma
spermatozoan
sperma, seed
gonos, offspring.]
Like or pert, a spermogonium (bot.}.
(spgrmol'ojl) n.
[Gk.
sperma, seed
logos,
discourse.]
A branch of Botany treating of
spermology
L. centrum, a
male
during fertilization
n.
centrosome
(tyt.).
(sferid'ia) n. plu.
[Gk.
Small rounded
sphaira, globe.]
bodies, probably organs of special
sense, found on Echinoderms (zool.).
sphaeroid (sfe'roid) a. [Gk. sphaira,
sphagnicolous (sfagnik'olus)
a.
[Gk.
L. colere, to insphagnos, moss
mosses
habit.]
Inhabiting peat
;
(bot.).
SPH-
297
a
sphen,
wedge
sieve
ethntos,
The single
resemblance.]
"girdle" bone replacing the two
orbitosphenoids in the Anura (zoo/.).
eidos,
sphenoethmoidal
(sfe'nogthmoid'al)
a.
ethmos,
[Gk. sphen, wedge
sieve ; eidos, like.] Pert, or in the
region of sphenoid and ethmoid
;
(anat.}.
sphenofrontal
(sfe'nofrun'tal) a.
[Gk.
sphen, wedge ; L. /rons, forehead.]
Pert, sphenoid and frontal bones
appl. a suture (anat.}.
sphenoid
n.
[Gk. sphen,
A
resemblance.]
compound bone of
(sfe'noid)
wedge
basal
cranial
eidos,
sphenomandibular
a.
ular)
wedge;
L.
wedge maxilla,
sphenoid and maxilla
[Gk. sphen,
Pert,
fissure
and fossa
jaw.]
appl.
L. palatus, palate.]
and palatine ; appl.
a.
sphenosquamosal (sfe'noskwamo'sal)
a.
L. squama,
[Gk. sphen, wedge
;
a scale.]
sphenotic (sfgnSt'ik)
wedge
cranial
[Gk. sphen,
The post-frontal
bone of many Fishes (zool.}.
ous, ear.]
sphenoturblnal
[Gk. sphen,
whirl.]
n.
sphenoid
(sfe'notiir'binal)
n.
a
laminar process of the
wedge
L.
turbo,
(anat.}.
sphenozygomatic (sfe'nozrgomatik) a.
[Gk. sphen, wedge zygoma, a bar.]
Appl. the cranial suture between
sphenoid and zygomatic (anat.}.
;
spheraster
sphaira,
(sferas'ter)
globe ; aster,
animal (zool.}.
spheroplasts (sfe'roplasts) n. plu.
[Gk. sphaira, globe plastos, formed.]
Chondriosomes bioblasts bodies
found among granulations of protoplasm (biol.}.
spherula (sfgr'ula) n. [Gk. sphaira,
a globe.]
A spherule or small
a small spherical spicule
sphere
;
spherulate
a.
(sfeYulat)
Covered
sphaira, globe.]
small spheres.
sphincter
n.
[Gk.
star.]
n.
(sfing'kter)
[Gk.
with
[Gk.
to bind tightly.]
A
muscle which contracts or closes
an orifice, as that of bladder, anus,
mouth (anat.}.
sphygmic (sfig'mik)
mos,
pulse.]
(zool.}.
a.
Pert,
[Gk. sphygthe
pulse
(Phys.}.
sphygmoid
sphygmos,
(anat.}.
a.
(sferoid'al)
[Gk.
sphaira, globe eidos, resemblance.]
Globular but not perfectly spherical
sphinggein,
(sfe'nomandlb'-
sphen,
[Gk.
spheroidal
(zool.}.
a.
[Gk.
sphen, wedge eidos, resemblance.]
or
in
the
Wedge-shaped pert,
region of the sphenoid
appl.
fissure,
SPI-
blance.]
(sfig'moid) a.
[Gk.
resemeidos,
pulse ;
like a pulse
Pulsating
;
(Phys.}.
sphygmus
[Gk. sphygmos, pulse.] The pulse (phys.).
spicate (spfkat) a.
[L. spica, a
(sflg'mus) n.
spike.]
spikes, as
ing
in
Spiked
arranged
an inflorescence bear-
spikes
prominence
spiciferous,
(oot.)
with
spur-like
(zool.}.
spicate.
spiciform (spl'slform) a.
[L. spica,
a spike
Spikeforma, shape.]
shaped.
;
spicigerous, spicate.
spicose (spfkos) a.
[L. spica, a
With spikes or ears, as
spike.]
corn (bot.}.
spicula (spik'ula) n.
[L. spicula, a
A small spike a
small spike.]
needle-like body.
spicular (splk'ular) a.
[L. spicula,
Pert, or like a
a small spike.]
;
spicule.
SPI-
298
[L. spicula, a
A minute needlebody, siliceous or calcareous,
found extensively in Alcyonaria
and other invertebrates (zool.) a
spicule (spik'ul)
small spike.]
n.
like
minute-pointed process
spiculiferous
(tot.).
a.
(spikullf'erus)
a small spike
Furnished with
spicula,
carry.]
tected by spicules
spiculiform
a
[L.
ferre, to
or
pro-
a.
[L.
(zool.).
(spik'uliform)
small
forma,
spicula,
spike
shape.] Spicule-shaped.
spiculigenous, spiculigerous, spiculose,
spiculiferous.
spiculum (spik'ulum)
n.
[L. spicula,
Plantago
spikelet
(tot.).
n.
(splk'lgt)
[L.
spica,
secondary spike of
spike.]
Grasses, bearing few flowers (tot.).
spinal (spi'nal) a.
[L. spina, the
Pert, the backbone or
spine.]
vertebral column ; appl. foramen,
ganglion, nerves (anat.).
spinal canal, the canal containing
the spinal cord, formed by the
neural arches (anat.).
spinal cord, the nervous tissue contained in the spinal or vertebral
canal (anat.).
spinalis (spina'lis) n.
[L.
spina,
Name given to muscles,
spine.]
as spinalis dorsi and spinalis cervicis, muscles connecting up the
vertebrae (anat.).
spinate (spi'nat) a.
[L. spina, a
thorn.]
Spine-shaped; spine-bearing.
SPI-
spinescent
nescere, to
(splnes'ent) a.
[L. spibecome spiny.] Taper-
shaped.
spinigerous (splnlj'erus)
to
spine ; gerere,
bearing.
a.
[L. spina,
carry.]
Spine-
and
abdominal appendages,
anterior to the anus
lie slightly
(zool.).
spinnerule (spm'erul)
n.
[A.S. spin-
spinning
glands,
which
glands
and
for
spinose
cocoons
in caterpillars.
a.
spina,
spines.
[L. spina,
spinpus (spl'nus) a.
spine.]
Spiny ; spine-like.
spine.]
(spl'nos)
Bearing
[L.
many
spinous process,
(anat.).
spinulation
spindle (spin'dl)
n.
[A.S.
spinnan,
A structure resembling
spin.]
an
spinning-machine spindle
elongated peduncle bearing sessile
flowers (tot.) ; a spindle-shaped
structure formed of achromatin
fibres during mitosis (tiol.).
spine (spin) n. [L. spina, the spine.]
to
The
the
backbone
vertebral
a sharp-pointed process
column
or outgrowth as found on leaves,
;
spinuliferous (spmulif'e'rus) a.
[L.
spinula, a small spine ; ferre, to
bear.]
Bearing small spines.
spinulose, spinulous, spinuliferous.
spiny-finned, bearing fins with spiny
rays for support.
spiny-rayed, appl. fins supported by
spiny rays.
SPI-
299
spiracle (spl'rakl) n.
[L. spiraculum,
The first pharyngeal
air-hole.]
or
visceral
cleft
aperture
(emb.) ; the
an
(zool.).
[L. spir-
Pert,
spiracle (zool.).
spiraculate
(sptrak'ulat)
a.
spiraculum, an air-hole.]
[L.
Having
spiracles (zool.).
splraculiferous, spiraculate.
spiraculiform (splrak'ulifdrm) a.
[L. spiraculum, an air-hole forma,
;
Spiracle-shaped.
spiraculum (spirak'ulum) n.
shape.]
aculum, an
Winding,
air-hole.]
spiral (spfral) a.
like
[L. spirspiracle.
a screw
appl. leaves
twisting
(bot.).
splriferous (splrif'e'rus) a.
a coil /erre, to bear.]
;
[L. spira,
Having a
spiral structure.
spirillar
(splril'ar) a.
a small
[L. spirillum,
Pert, a spirillum.
coil.]
spirillum (splril'um) n. [L. spirillum,
a small coil.]
A thread - like
Bacterium a motile filament in .1
cryptogam antheridium (hot.).
aster,
star.]
spira^
The
in
an
spirulate (splr'ulat) a.
[L. spira,
coil.]
Appl. any spiral structure or
coiled arrangement.
splanchnic (splangk'nik)
a.
[Gk.
Pert.
splangchnon, an entrail.]
the viscera ; appl. nerves (anat.).
splanchnocoel (splangk'nosel) n. [Gk.
splangchnon, an entrail ; koilos,
hollow.] The cavity of the lateral
plates of the embryo, persisting as
the visceral cavity of the adult
(emb.).
splanchnology
(splangknfil'bjl)
n.
discourse. J
splanchnopleure (splangk'noploor) n.
an entrail pleura,
[Gk.
;
splangchnon,
The alimentary canal wall,
formed from the splanchnic layer
of the mesoblast and the hypoblast
side.]
(emb.).
(splen) n.
[Gk. splen, the
vascular ductless organ
spleen.]
situate beneath the diaphragm to
spleen
(bol.).
spiraster (splras'ter)
;
thread-like
seed - coats
Thin, coiled,
outgrowths of some
coil.]
spiracular (spirak'ular) a.
aculum, an air-hole.]
coil
SPL-
n.
[L. spira,
spiral and
(zool.).
[L. spira,
SPLsplenium (sple'nium)
n.
[L. splenium,
a patch.] The posterior border of
the corpus callosum (anat.).
splenius (sple'nius) n. [L. splenium,
a patch.] A muscle of the upper
dorsal region and back of the neck,
in two parts the splenius capitis and
splenophrenic (sple'nofren'ik)
splen,
spleen
phren,
;
Pert, spleen
spondyl
and
a.
[Gk.
midriff.]
diaphragm (anat.).
(spon'dll) n.
a vertebra.]
[Gk. sphondylos,
A vertebra.
a.
(spon'dllus)
[Gk.
sphondylos, a vertebra.] Vertebral.
spondylus (spon'dllus) n. [Gk. sphonspondyl or
dylos, a vertebra.]
vertebra.
spongicolous (spunjlk'olus) a.
[L.
colere, to inspongia, a sponge
habit.]
Living in Sponges (zool.).
spongin (spun'jm) n. [L. spongia, a
The material of which
sponge.]
the skeletal fibres of a Sponge
;
consist
(zool.).
sponginblast (spun'jfnblast) n.
[L.
Gk. blastos, a
spongia, a sponge
;
cell
spongin-producing
cytoreticulum (cyt.).
spongiose (spiin'jios) a. [L. spongia,
a sponge.] Of a spongy texture
spongoid full of small cavities.
spongoblast (spun'joblast) n.
[L.
Gk. blastos, a
spongia, a sponge
sponginblast.
spongophare
sporangium (dot.).
sporangiferous
(sporanjlf'grus)
a.
sporos, seed ;
anggeion, a
[Gk.
vessel; ~L.ferre, to bear.] Sporangia-
bearing
(&>/.).
sporos, seed
a.
[Gk.
anggeion, vessel
;
L.
like
[Gk.
;
anggeion, vessel.] A
small few-spored
or
secondary
sporangium (bot.).
n.
sporanglophore
(sporan'jiofor)
[Gk. sporos, seed anggeion, vessel
A stalk-like
pherein, to bear.]
structure bearing sporangia (bot.).
sporangiospore (sporan'jiospor) n.
[Gk. sporos, seed anggeion, vessel
A sporangium spore (bot.).
sporos.]
;
[Gk.
(sporan'jium) n.
seed anggeion, vessel.]
slender-stalked
capsule in
which spores are produced (bot.).
sporation, see sporulation.
sporangium
tiny
n.
[L.
Gk. pherein, to
part of a
Sponge
cf.
hypophare.
parenchyma,
loosely
spontaneous
generation,
ablogenesis.
sporadic (sporad'ik)
spore formation,
reproduction by
encystation of germ-cells followed
(spun'jofar)
spongia, a sponge
spongy
bear.]
(sporanj') n.
[Gk. sporos,
anggeion, a vessel.] A sac
containing spores (biol.).
sporangial (sporan'jial) a. [Gk. sporos,
seed anggeion, a vessel.] Pert, a
seed
sporos,
(zool.).
bud.]
adikos, scattered.]
AppJ. plants
confined to limited localities.
sporange
sporangiform (spdran'jiform)
spondylous
bud.]
SPO-
300
see
gony
spore
sporogenesis
mother
cells,
(biol.).
sixteen
cells
a.
[Gk. spor-
SPOsporidiferous
sporos, seed
L. ferre,
to
[Gk.
bear.]
Sporidia-bearing (hot.},
sporidiole (sporid'iol) n. [Gk. sporos,
a sporiseed.] A protobasidium
;
dium
promycelium
(hot.}.
sporidium
n.
(sporid'ium)
[Gk.
gonidium deseed.]
veloped by abstriction from a
sporos,
in
gonidiophore
an ascus
Fungi
spore of
(dot.).
a.
[Gk.
to
bear.]
Spore-bearing.
specification (spo'rifika'shun) n.
[Gk.
L. facere, to make.]
sporos, seed
Formation of spores.
;
sporiparity (spo'ripar'iti) n.
[Gk.
L. parere, to beget.]
sporos, seed
formation.
Reproduction by spore
sporiparous (sporip'arus) a.
[Gk.
L. parere, to beget.]
sporos, seed
formation.
Reproducing by spore
n,
sporoblast
(spo'roblast)
[Gk.
;
seed
An
blastos, bud.]
archespore a stage in spore formaa
rise
to
tion,
sporoblast giving
sporos,
and these
to sporozoites.
;
(zool.}.
mother
cell.
sporoduct (spo'rodukt)
n.
[Gk. sporos,
L. ducere, to lead.]
special
for
the
of
dissemination
apparatus
seed
sporogenous
(sporoj'gnus)
seed
a.
gonos, offspring.]
rise to asexual
Mosses
spores, in
(bot.}.
Pert, a
sporogonium (bot.}.
sporogonium (sporogo'nium) //.
by
(**}
sporophydium
(sporofid'lum) n. [Gk.
phyas, a shoot.] The
of
certain Thallophytes
sporangium
sporos, seed
(bot.\
sporophyll (spo'rofll)
seed
phyllon, a
;
phytes
n.
[Gk. sporos,
A spor-
leaf.]
leaf
angium-bearing
of
Ptendo-
(bot.}.
sporophyte
(spo'roflt) n.
[Gk. sporos,
seed
A stem
phyton, plant.]
covered with sporophylls or leaves,
each bearing a sporangium, in
Pteridophytes the asexual generation of Ferns
gametophyte
cf.
;
(bot.}.
sporoplasm
sporos,
(spo'roplazm)
seed
plasma,
n.
[Gk.
something
Gk.
offspring.]
genos,
Spore-producing sporiparous.
sporogonial (sporogo'nlal) a.
[Gk.
seed ; gonos, offspring.]
sporos,
sporos,
ate host
sporos, seed
sporlferous (sporlf'erus)
sporos, seed ; L. ferre,
spores,
SPU-
301
(sporidif'e'rus) a.
[Gk.
Sporozoa.
sporulation (spor'ulashun)
[L.
Broodsporula, a small seed.]
formation by multiple cell-fission.
spur (spur)
[A.S. spora, a spur.]
A calcar (zool.} a process of the
.
SPUspuriae
squarrose (skwor'os)
The
false.]
false
phologically
(skwo/ulos) a.
[L.L.
squarrosus, scurfy.]
Tending to
become squarrose (bot.).
dissepi-
appl.
stadium (sta'dium)
a
a scale.] A squame or scale
part arranged like a scale (bot.)
the antitegula of Diptera, or lobe
a scaleat the base of the wing
like body attached to the second
the
some
of
antenna
of
podomere
Crustaceans (zoo/.).
squamate (skwa'mat) a. [L. squama,
;
Scaly.
scale.]
squamation (skwama'shun)
squama,
ment.
n.
Scale
scale.]
[L.L. squarpro-
Rough with
scurfy.]
squarrulose
spurius,
[L.
false.]
squama
rosus,
a.
ment,
STA-
302
(spu'rle) n.
[L.
arrange-
n.
[L. stare, to
stage in development or
life-history of plant or animal.
stage (staj) n. [L. stare, to stand.]
period in the life-history of meta-
stand.]
morphous animals.
staghorned (stag'hornd)
a.
[Icel.
to
A.S.
mount
horn.~\
Having large branched mandibles,
stiga,
as a stag-beetle.
stagnicolous (stagnik'olus) a.
[L.
stagnum, standing water
colere,
to inhabit]
Living in stagnant
;
water.
squamella (skwamel'a)
scale.]
a palea
[L.
squama,
small scale or
bract
(bot.}.
squamellate
squama, a
a.
(skwameTat)
[L.
Having small
scale.]
(zool.).
squamelliferous
squamelliform (skwameTiform) a.
[L. squama, scale
forma, shape.]
Resembling a squamella.
squamiferous (skwamif'e'rus) a. [L.
to
squama, scale
bear.]
ferre,
Bearing scales.
scales
or bracts
(bot.).
squamiform (skwa'miform)
scale
squama,
a.
forma,
[L.
shape.]
squamosal
squamiferous.
(skwamo'sal) n.
scale.]
(bot.).
[L.
membrane bone
squamose (skwa'mos)
a.
Covered with
a scale.]
squamous (skwa'mus)
Scaly
scale.]
a.
[L. squama,
scales.
[L.
squamate
squama,
;
squa-
pavement
epithelium.
squamula (skwam'ula) n.
[L.
squama,
Insects
(stam'inal) a.
[L. stare,
to stand.]
Pert, a stamen.
staminate (stam'mat) a.
[L. stare,
to stand.]
Producing or consisting
of stamens.
staminiferous (staminif'erus) a. [L.
stare, to stand
ferre, to bear.]
Staminigerous stamen-bearing.
;
squama,
(skwam'ulat)
scale.]
[L.
Having minute
(bot.).
squamulose,
a.
squamulate.
n.
[L. stare,
to stand
Gk. eidos, resemblance.]
Also staminodium, a foliaceous
;
scale-like
body
in
some
flowers,
from a metamorphosed
a rudimentary stamen
derived
stamen
(bot.).
staminody (stam'modl)
(zool.).
squamulate
scales
staminal
staminode (stam'inod)
mose.
squamous epithelium,
to
a
consisting of stalk or filawith anther containing pollen
flower,
ment
Scale-like.
squamigerous,
squama,
Crustaceans,^/, sessile-eyed.
stamen (sta'men) n.
[L. stare,
The male organ of
stand.]
to stand
Gk.
eidos,
n.
[L. stare,
resemblance.]
The
of
metamorphosis
organs into stamens (bot.).
stapes
(sta'pez)
n.
[L.L.
flower
stapes,
STAa
The
stirrup.]
stirrup
shaped
[Gk.
stasis, standing
morphe, form.] A
to
arrested
deviation in form due
;
development
(biol.).
(zool.}.
statolith (stat'ollth)
[Gk. states,
strucstationary lithos, stone!]
ture of carbonate of lime, sand
grain, or secreted substance, contained in a statocyst (zoo/.).
.
statorhab (stat'orab)
stationary
n.
rhabdos, a
[Gk. states,
In
rod.]
carrying
process
statolith
(zool.).
steapsin
tive
n.
(steap'sfn)
;
[Gk. stear,
A diges-
pepsis, digestion.]
creas (phys.).
stearin (ste'arin) n. [Gk. stear, tallow.]
The solid part of a fat a chief
component of many fats, animal
;
and vegetable
(phys.).
stegocarpous (steg'okar'pus)
stegetn,
to
cover
a.
karpos,
[Gk.
fruit.]
plerome
(bet.).
stellate.
stellar,
appl. leaf.
stelliform,
stellate,
stem (st6m)
tallow
STE-
303
n.
The trunk
stem.]
main axis of a
plant,
in mitosis,
stem-cell,
all the chromatin
is
which
cell in
and
preserved,
stemless,
cent (bet.).
cells
acaules-
stemma
(st6m'a) n.
[Gk. stemma, a
garland.]
simple eye or ocellus
of Arthropods
one of the ocelli
of an ommatidium (zool.).
;
stenohaline
a.
(stgn'ohalln)
[Gk.
stenopetalous
(stgn'opfit'alus) a.
stenos, narrow
petalon, a
With narrow petals,
stenophyllous (sten'ofll'us) a.
narrow
stenos,
phyllon,
Narrow-leaved.
;
stenosepalous
[Gk.
stenos,
sepal.]
[Gk.
leaf.]
[Gk.
leaf.]
(stgn'osep'alus)
;
sepalon,
sepals,
(stn'b'st6m'atus)
narrow
a.
With narrow
stenostomatous
a.
[Gk. stenos, narrow sterna, mouth.]
Narrow-mouthed.
stephanion (stSfan'Ion) n. [Gk. StephThe point where
anos, crown.]
the superior temporal ridge is
crossed by the coronal suture
;
(anal.).
stercomarium (ste'rkoma'rium)
n.
The system
dung.]
stercome - containing
tubes
certain Sarcodina (zool.).
stercus,
stercome (st6r'kom)
n.
[L.
[L.
of
of
stercus,
(**}
stereoplasm (steVeoplazm)
//.
[Gk.
STE-
304
solid
plasma, something
moulded.] The more solid part of
a
protoplasm (cf. hygroplasm)
vesicular substance filling intercertain
Corals
of
septal spaces
stereos,
(zool.}.
stereospondylous
a.
(ster'eospon'dllus)
sphondylos,
the vertebrae
;
a vertebra.] Having
each fused into one piece;
(Phys.}.
stereotropism
(stereot ropizm) n.
[Gk. stereos, solid ; trope, a turning.]
Tendency of minute organisms to
attach themselves to solid objects
;
thigmotaxis (phys.}.
sterigma (sterlg'ma)
n.
[Gk. sterigina,
A slender filament
a support.]
the
from
basidium, and
arising
germinate
key
(hot.}.
(ster'illz)
v.
[L.
sterilis,
To render
incapable of
conveying infection, or of reproducing the species (pkys.}.
sternal (steYnal) a. [Gk. sternon, the
Pert the sternum, or a
breast]
sternite
appL ribs united to the
barren.]
sternum (zool.}.
sternebrae (ster'nebre)
sternon, the breast
n.
ebra,
plu.
[Gk.
on analogy
verte&ra.']
mented
(zool.}.
(ster'nokli'do-
niastos,
AppL an oblique
neckmusclestretchingfrom sternum
to mastoid process, also an artery in
resemblance.]
the
same region
sternoscapular
(anat}.
(bter'nb'skap'ular)
a.
L. scapula,
[Gk. sternon, breast
shoulder-blade.]
AppL a muscle
sternum
and
connecting
scapula
;
(anat.}.
sternotribe
a.
(steVnotrlb)
[Gk.
sternon, breast ; tribein, to rub.]
AppL flowers with fertilizing elements so placed as to be brushed
by the breasts of visiting Insects
(A*),
sternum (ster'num) .. [L. sternum,
the breast-bone.] The breast-bone
of vertebrates, specialized in Birds
with a carina for wing-muscle
attachment ; the ventral plate of a
typical
Arthropod segment
sterraster (steras'ter)
(zool.}.
n.
[Gk. sterros,
aster with
numerous actines soldered together
by
aster, star.]
An
silica (zool.}.
sterrula (ster'ula)
The
solid.]
larva
sterilize
of
n.
solid
[Gk.
sterros,
free-swimming
the
Alcyonaria,
stage
articulation between
clavicle (anat.}.
sternum and
Pert,
mas'toid) a.
kleis,
solid
(bot.}.
of
STI-
sternokleidomastoid
sternum and
ribs
appL
liga-
(zool.}.
stigmatiform (stlgmat'fform)
a.
[Gk.
L. forma,
stigma, a pricked mark
shape.]
Resembling a stigma
stigmatoid.
;
STIstimulant (stlm'ulant)
lare,
[L. stimu-
n.
to incite.]
stimulus-pro-
n.
L.
Excitation
stimulare, to incite.]
or irritation of an organism or part
by external influence, mechanical,
(biol.}.
to
n.
(sting)
sting.]
[A.S. stingan,
stinging hair or cell
the spine of a sting-ray ;
an offensive and defensive organ
for piercing, and usually also for
inoculating with poison, as in the
(biol.}
wasp
(zool.}.
stipe (stip) n.
a nematocyst.
tree ferns
a.
(stl'pglat)
stipes,
(bot.}.
(sti'piform) a.
[L. stipes,
stipes, a
supported on a
stipitate (stlp'itat) a.
Stalked
Resembling
stalk.]
stalk.
[L.
stipular (stip'ular) a.
[L. stipula,
a stem.] Like, pert, or growing in
place of stipules (bot.}.
stipulate (stlp'ulat) a.
[L. stipula,
a stem.] Furnished with stipules
(bot.}.
stipule
stem.]
(stlp'ul)
n.
[L.
stipula,
One
of two foliaceous or
processes developed at the base of a leaf petiole,
sometimes in tendril or spine form
membranaceous
stipuliform
tion, as in
Polychaets (zool.}.
stolon (sto'lon) . [L. stolo, a shoot.]
creeping stem or runner capable
of developing rootlets and stem,
and
forming
ultimately
new
individual (6ot.}
a cylindrical stem
of some Polyzoa from which individuals grow out at intervals
a
horizontal tubular branch of some
Coelenterates
from which new
zooids arise by budding the cadophore of Tunicates (zool.}.
stolonate (sto'lonat)
[L. stolo, a
resemshoot.]
Having stolons
bling a stolon developing from a
stolon
and
animals
appl. plants
;
stoloniferous (sto'lonlf'e'rus)
to
stolo, a shoot ; ferre,
Bearing stolons
(sto'ma)
a.
[L.
carry.]
(biol.}.
stomata (stom'ata)
.,
plu.
(biol.}.
stomach (stum'ak)
n.
[Gk. stomachos,
th roat, gullet.] The sac-like portion
of the food canal beyond the gullet,
in vertebrates ; a corresponding
part, or the entire digestive cavity,
of invertebrates (zool.}.
stomachic (stomak'ik) a. [Gk. stomachos, gullet.] Pert, the stomach.
stomatal (stom'atal) a. [Gk. stoma,
Pert, or like a stoma
mouth.]
stomatic.
stomate (sto'mat) a.
[Gk. stoma,
Bearing stomata or a
mouth.]
stoma.
;
stomatiferous (stomatlf'eYus)
stoma,
mouth
a.
[Gk.
L. ferre, to carry.]
Bearing stomata.
stomatogastric (stom'atogas'trfk)
a.
(bot.}.
stipuliferous,
ovum.
n.
stipiform
fertilized
An
stoma
(bot.}.
[L.
Bearing stipels
stalk.]
in a newly
stock (st6k)
In
stipula, stem ; forma, shape.]
the form of a stipule (bot.}.
stirp (sterp), stirps (sterps) n. [L.
The sum-total
stirps, root-stock.]
of germs or gemmules to be found
stinging capsule,
An
STO-
305
stipulate.
(stip'uliform)
Pert,
a.
[L.
the
system
of
appl.
nerves
STO-
stomatose, stomatous,
stomidium
n.
(stomid'ium)
[Gk.
stoma, mouth.] An aperture repthe
terminal
resenting
pore of
degenerated tentacles of many
Actiniaria (zool.).
[Gk. stoma,
group of thin-walled
mouth.]
cells in a fern sporangium where
cleavage of the capsule takes place
(bot.).
stomodaeal canal,
in Ctenophores,
a canal given off by each per-radial
and
situate parallel
to
the
stomodaeum (zool.).
stomodaeum (stom'ode'um) n. [Gk.
stoma, mouth odaios, pert, a way.]
The anterior perforated depression
;
with
the
enteric
communicating
cavity of many Coelenterates, ectoderm-lined since formed by inthe anterior
vagination (zool.)
pitted-in portion of the embryonic
;
[L. stratum,
layer of cells, tissue,
(stra'tum)
a layer.]
[L. stratum,
in layers (bot.).
n.
etc.
stratum compactum,
the surface
constituting about one-fourth of the
entire thickness (emb.).
stratum corneum, the horny external layer
of the
epidermis
layer
of
the
decidua vera,
(anat.).
mouth
border
in
Echinoderms
(zool.).
rounded
parenchymatous elements, as found
sclerotic cells or
cells,
in the
pear (dot.).
strangulated, constricted in places
contracted and expanded irregu-
larly (dot.).
granulosum (anat.).
stratum spongiosum,
the deeper
three-fourths of the thickness of
the decidua vera (emb.).
corpora
pliant
cells (pftys.).
epithelium,
arranged
imposed layers
cf.
stria
[L.
with
monimostylic
(strl'a)
n.,
a.
[Gk.
a column.]
stylos,
movat
squamosal
in
(zool.).
striae
(strife)
pi*
funnel,
channel.]
line,
streak, groove,
stria,
narrow
channel.
striated (strta'ted)
a.
[L.
stria,
stratified
the superlayer of the rete mucosum, consisting of flattened cells filled with
granules of eleidin (anat.).
stratum lucidum, the layer of cells
of indistinct outline between the
stratum corneum and the stratum
ficial
articulation
gut (emb.).
stone canal,
in
epithelium
many
super-
(phys.).
Arranged
stratum granulosum,
(zool.).
Btomium (sto'mmm)
cells
a.
(strat'os)
layer.]
stratum
erous.
stone
(zool.).
canal,
STR-
306
ing organs
(zool.).
STRBtriga
furrow.] An
hair or bristle
(hot.}.
[L. striga,- a
Bearing strigae (bot.).
ridge.]
strigills (strlj'Ilis) n,
[L. stringere,
to
mechanism for
scrape.]
the
antennae, at the
cleaning
junction of tibia and first tarsal
strigate (strfgat) a.
a small ridge.]
Minutely strigose.
strigose (strTg'os)
a,
[L.
Covered with
ridge.]
(hot.)
striga,
hairs
stiff
or furrows
The
in the
stromata,
plu.
short
protrusions
some Thallophytes
(bet.).
STU-
307
a ridge,
[L. striga,
upright, stiff, pointed
(stn'ga) n.
(zoo!.).
a small channel.]
striate.
Finely
strobila (strob'ila) n. [Gk. strobiles,
a fir cone.]
stage in the development of some Scyphozoa, where
from a succession of annular discs
the embryos take the form of a
pile of discs which are separated
off in turn
the jointed body of
a Tape-worm (zool.).
strobilaceous (strob'ilashus) a. [Gk.
tous.
strombuliferous (strombulif'Srus) a.
[L. strombus, a spiral snail ferre,
;
to
carry.]
Having
spirally-coiled
shape.]
Spirally coiled.
strongyle
(stron'jil),
strongylon
(strSn'jUSn) n.
[Gk. stronggylos,
two-rayed rod sponge
globular.]
spicule (zool.).
strophiolate
(strof'Tolat) a.
[L. stro-
strobilation (strob'ilashun) n.
[Gk.
strobiles, a fir cone.]
Reproduc-
strobiles,
shaped
fir
Cone-
cone.]
or having strobiles
pert,
(dot.).
strobile (strob'il) n.
[Gk. strobiles, a
fir
strobila (zoo/.) ; a
cone.]
of
formed
persistent memspike
strobiliferous (strobilifgrus)
strobiles,
a.
[Gk.
cone
L.
to
ferre,
Having or producing stroa
fir
carry.]
biles (dot.).
fir
cone
a.
a fir cone.]
stroma
strumae
(dot.).
strumiform (stroom'iform) a.
[L.
struma, a scrofulous tumour forma,
;
strobiloid (strob'Iloid)
from
struma
A strobile
n.
a cone
(dot.).
[Gk. stroma,
something spread out for lying on.]
(stro'ma)
shape.]
Cushion-like.
strumose
(stroom'os),
[L.
(stroom'ulos) a.
strumulose
struma, a
Having small cushiontumour.]
like swellings (dot.).
stupeous
(stu'peus),
stupose (stu'pos)
Tow-like
stupa, tow.]
having a tuft of matted filaments.
a.
[L.
sTtr-
A muscle extending
pharynx.]
from the base of the styloid process
a.
(stflar)
[L.
stilus,
Pert, a style,
stylate (stl'lat) a. [L. stilus, a pricker.]
Having a style or styles.
style (stil) n. [L. stilus, a pricker.]'
The slender upper part of an ovary
stylos,
a.
[Gk.
sporos, seed.]
Pert.
(stllos'porus)
pillar
a stylospore or conidium.
stylostegium
(stl'loste'jium) n.
pillar
stylos,
(stllif'erus) a.
plants (dot).
[L. stilus,
ferre, to carry.]
appendages,
styliform (stl'liform) a. [L. stilus, a
Bristlepricker
forma, shape.]
shaped.
styloglossal
(stl'loglos'al) a.
[Gk.
glossa, tongue.] Perl.
the styloglossus muscle connecting
styloid process and tongue (anat.).
stylogonidium, see conidium.
;
stylohyal
(stl'lohi'al) n.
[Gk. stylos,
The
pillar ; hyoeides, Y-shaped.]
distal part of the styloid process of
stylomandibular
(striomandib'ular)
a.
L. man[Gk. stylos, pillar
dibulum, jaw.]
Appl. a strong
ligament extending from the styloid
process to the cervical muscle under
the parotid gland (anat).
;
stylomastpid (sti'lomas'toid)
stylos, pillar
a.
mastos, breast
(stl'lus) n.
style
[Gk.
eidos,
subacuminate (sub'aku'mlnat)
(anat).
(sti'lomaksil'ari)
a.
stylopharyngeus
stylos,
(sti'lofarin'jeus)
pillar
n.
pltaryngx,
a.
[L.
Somewhat crooked,
subaerial
(sub'ae'rial)
a.
[L.
sub,
subalpine (subal'pm) a.
[L. sub,
under alpinus, alpine.] Appl. the
zone below the timber line, or to
plants or animals growing or living
;
in that zone.
subalternate
(sub'alteYnat) a.
[L.
under
altemus, one after
another.] Tending to change from
sub,
alternate to opposite
(dot.).
subanconeus (sub'angkone'us)
n.
[L.
at the apex.
subarachnoid (subarak'noid)
Gk. arachne,
sub, under
;
web
Btylomaxillary
(stl'loid) a.
stylus
Having
bristly
stylos, pillar
[Gk.
The
roof.]
some milk-weed
stege,
inner corona of
(zool.).
[Gk.
see conidium.
stylosporous
styloid
liferae (bot.).
stylospore,
n.
[Gk.
pous, foot.] A conical
swelling surrounding the bases of
the divaricating styles of Umbelstylos, pillar
styliferous
a pricker
side of the
pharynx (anat.).
stylopodium (stllb'po'dium)
pricker.]
age
SUB-
308
a.
[L.
spider's
eidos, resemblance.]
Appl.
a cavity filled with cerebrospinal
fluid between the arachnoid and the
;
pia mater
in
SUB-
SUB-
309
subarborescent (siib'irbore's'e'nt) a.
[L. sub, under arborescens, growing
into a tree.]
Somewhat like a tree.
subarcuate (subir'kuat) a. [L. sub,
under
arcus, a bow.]
Appl. a
;
subaurlcular
sub under
t
a.
(sub'orik'ular)
[L.
central,
subchela (subke'la)
[L. sub, under
Gk. chele, claw.] A prehensile claw
of which the last joint folds back
on the preceding, as in Squilla
.
(zool.\
(anat.~).
subchelate (subke'lat) a.
[L. sub,
under
Gk. chele, claw.] Having
prehensile claws of which the last
joint folds back on the preceding
having imperfect chelae (zool.\
subchordal (subkor'dal) a. [L. sub,
under
Under
chorda, a cord.]
the notochord (zool.).
;
subbasal
under
(subba'sal)
a.
[L.
sub,
Gk. basis,
foundation.]
Situated near the base (zool.}.
subbranchial (subbrangTcial) a. [L.
Gk. brangchia, gills.]
sub, under
;
Under the
sub,
gills.
pipe.]
limy.
subcalcarine
sub, under
the
a.
[L.
Under
calcar, spur.]
calcarine fissure ; appl. the
(subkal'karm)
under
campanula, a
Somewhat bell-shaped
a.
little
(dot.).
(subkap'sular) a.
[L.
capsula, a little chest.]
Inside a capsule.
subcardinal (subkir'dinal) a. [L. sub,
under ; cardo, hinge.] Appl. a pair
of veins which develop between the
subcapsular
sub, under
mesonephroi (emb.\
subcarinate (subkar'inat)
under
carina, keel.]
;
a.
[L. sub,
Somewhat
keel-shaped.
subcartilaginous (sub'kirtllaj'inus) a.
cartilage, gristle.]
[L. sub, under
;
Not
under
The lower
n.
[L.
cingulum, a girdle.]
lip part of a cingulum or
;
subclavate (subklaVat)
under clavus, club.]
;
a.
[L.
sub,
Somewhat
club-shaped,
clavicle (anat.}.
subcoracoid (subkor'akoid)
under
Gk. korax,
sub,
;
eidos, like.]
a.
[L.
crow
Below the coracoid.
subcordate (subk6r'dat)
[L. sub,
under cor, heart] Tending to be
a.
subcampanulate (sub'kampan'ulat)
bell]
subcingulum (subsing'gulum)
entirely cartilaginous.
subcaudal (subkod'al) a.
[L. sub,
under cauda, tail.] Situate under
;
heart-shaped,
subcorneous (subkor'neus) a. [L. sub,
Under a
under; cornu, horn.]
horny layer slightly horny (zool.\
subcortical (subkor'tikal) a. [L. sub,
under ; corfex, bark.] Under the
cortex, or cortical layer (bot.} appl.
cavities under the dermal cortex of
;
Sponges
(zooL).
subcosta (subk6s'ta) n.
[L. sub,
under costa, rib.] The subcostal
nervure of an. insect wing,
subcostal (subk6s'tal) a.
[L. sub,
under costa, rib.] Below the ribs
;
SUB-
under
cutis,
Under
skin.]
appl. parasites
the skin ; appl.
under
the external abdominal ring (anat.).
subcuticular (sub'kutik'ular) a.
[L.
sub, under
cuticula, the cuticle.]
living just
Under
subcutis
(siibku'tf s) n.
[L. sub,
under
cutis, skin.]
the skin.
dorsal surface.
subdural
under
a.
sub,
(subdu'ral)
[L.
;
durus, hard.]
Appl. a
cavity
potential
separating the
spinal dura mater from the arach-
noid (anat.).
subepiglottlc (sub'gpiglot'lk) a. [L.
sub, under ; Gk. epi, upon glottis,
mouth of the windpipe.] Beneath
the epiglottis (anat.).
subepithelial (sub'gpithe'lial) a. [L.
sub, under ; Gk. epi, upon
thallein,
to grow.]
Appl. a plexus of the
cornea (anat?).
suber (su'ber) n.
[L. suber, cork
;
Cork
tissue (bot.).
subereous (sube'reus)
a.
[L.
suber,
suberiflcation
(su'bSrifTka'shun) n.
[L. suber, cork tree ; facere, to
make.] Conversion into cork tissue
(bot.).
(su'bfiros) a.
tree.]
texture
(bot.).
subgalea (subgal'ea)
n.
of the
a helmet.]
Part
maxilla of Insects (zool.).
galea,
subgeniculate
sub, under
genu, knee.]
(sub'jgnik'ulat) a.
[L.
Some-
what bent.
subgenital
(subjen'ital) a.
[L. sub,
Below
genitalis, genital.]
reproductive organs ; appl, a
under
the
shallow pit or pouch beneath the
gonad in Aurelia appl. a portico
formed by the fusion of the subgenital pouches of Discomedusae
;
(zool.).
subglossal (subg!5s'al) a.
[L.
under
Gk. glossa, tongue.]
neath the tongue.
sub,
Be-
subhymenial,
pert.
sub-
the
hymenium.
subhymemum
(sub'hlme'nium)
n.
under
Gk. hymen, a
membrane.] A layer of small cells
between trama and hymen ium in
[L.
the
sub,
gill
of Agarics
(bot.),
subhyoid (siibhl'oid) a.
[L. sub,
under
Gk. hyoeides, Y-shaped.]
Below the hyoid bone at the base
;
sublmago
under
(sub'ima'go) n.
sub,
[L.
imago, an imitation.]
suberin (su'bSrin)
of suberin
suberose
(anat.).
subdorsal (subd6r'sal) a.
[L. sub,
under ; dorsum, the back.] Situated dorsally or almost on the
tree.]
SUB-
310
(bot.).
n.
at
great
;
appl.
glands (anat.).
subjugal (subjoog'al) a.
[L. sub,
under jugum, yoke.]
Below the
or
cheek
bone (zool.),
jugal
subjugular (subjoog'ular) a. [L. sub,
;
SUB-
under
jugulum, collar bone.]
Appl. a ventral fish-fin nearly far
enough forward to be jugular (zool.}.
sublanceolate (sublan'seolat) a. [L.
sub, under
lanceolatus, speared.]
Tending to be narrow and to taper
towards both ends (A?/.).
sublaryngeal (sublarin'jeal) a.
[L.
Gk. laryngx, larynx.]
sub, under
;
(zool.}.
Somewhat
lens-shaped.
vores
SUB-
311
-
(zool.}.
(subme'rsd') a.
sub-
[L.
(bot.}.
submicron (submik'rSn)
under
Gk. mikros,
n.
[L. sub,
An
small.]
separate disc
element
seen as a
with the aid of an ultramicroscope,
although invisible with an ordinary
under
mucosus,
of
layer
membrane
tissue
The
mucous.]
under a mucous
(anat.}.
subnasal (subna'zal) a.
sub,
[L.
under nasus, nose.] Beneath the
nose (anat.}.
subneural (siibnu'ral) a.
[L. sub,
under Gk. neuron, nerve.] Appl.
and
of
nervous
gland
ganglion
system of Tunicates (zool.}.
;
fossa (anat.}.
suboccipital
(sub'6ksTp'ital)
a.
[L.
back part
Appl. muscles, nerve,
triangle, under the occipitals of
the skull (anat.}.
sub,
under
occiput, the
of the head.]
Somewhat
submerged,
submersed
an ingrowth from
subocular shelf,
locular or cellular.
[L.
a.
suboesophageal (subesSf'aje'al)
Gk. oisophagos,
[L. sub, under
Below the gullet (zooL).
gullet.]
subopercular (sub'opeVkular) a. [L.
sub, under
operculum, a lid or
Under the operculum or
cover.]
subinarginal
(submar'jinal)
a.
[L.
submarginate (submar'jma.t)
a.
sub,
submaxllla (sub'maksil'a)
n.
[L. sub,
submaxillary
sub, under
(sub'maksil'ari) a.
[L.
duct,
submedian (subme'dian)
(anat.}.
a.
[L. 'sub,
(zool.}.
submental
under
the
(subme'n'tal) a.
[L. sub,
Beneath
chin.]
;
appl. artery, glands,
mentum,
chin
(zool.}.
suboperculum
[L. sub,
under
(sub'opeVkulum) n.
operculum, a cover.]
The
Fishes
suboptic
(zool.}.
a.
sub,
[L.
(subSp'tlk)
Gk. optikos, relating to
Below the eye.
sight.]
suboral (subo'ral) a. [L. sub, under ;
under
;
;
subramose (subra'mos)
leaves
(dot.}.
subpedunculate (sub'pgdung'kulat) a.
[L. sub, under pedunculus, a little
Resting on a very short
foot]
;
base-stalk.
a.
(sub'pgrlkar'dlal)
Gk. peri, round ;
;
the
Under
periheart.]
subpericardial
sub,
kardia,
under
toneum
sub,
Slightly
shape.]
kidney
shaped
(bot.}.
subretinal (siibreYlnal)
rete,
a.
net.]
[L.
sub,
Beneath
the
retina (anat.}.
subrostral (subros'tral) a.
[L. sub,
under rostrum, a beak.] Below
the beak (zool.}.
subsacral (subsa'kral) a.
[L. sub,
under ; sacrum, sacred.]
Below
the sacrum (zool.}.
subsartorial (sub'sarto'rial) a.
[L.
sub, under ; sartor, a tailor.] Appl.
a plexus under the sartorius muscle
of the thigh (anat.}.
;
subscapular (subskap'ular) a.
[L.
sub, under scapula, shoulder-blade.]
Beneath the scapula appl. artery,
;
[L.
under
Gk. skleros, hard.]
Beneath the sclerotic layer of the
between
and choroid
sclerotic
eye
subserous (subse'rus) a.
[L. sub,
under serum, whey.] Beneath a
sub,
(anat.}.
(anat.}.
notched or saw-toothed
subsessile
under
(subsfis'il)
sedere,
[L. sub,
Beneath
subpubic (subpu'bik) a.
[L. sub,
under pubes, adult.] Below the
;
pubic region
[L.
Beneath
subradius (subra'dlus) n.
[L. sub,
under radius, a ray.] In radiate
;
animals,
perradius,
mterradius
(zool.}.
(bot.}.
a.
sit.]
[L.
sub,
Nearly
cells
guard-cells
lying
outside
(bot.}.
subspatulate (subspat'ulat) a.
[L.
Somesub, under spatula, spoon.]
what spoon-shaped (bot.}.
subspinous (subspfnus) a.
[L. sub,
under spina, spine.] Tending to
;
become
(anat.}.
subpulmonary (subpul'monarl) a.
to
epidermal
(anat.}.
subpleural (subploor'al) a.
under Gk. pleura, side.]
sub,
[L.
under
lobe (anat.}.
subpectinate (subpgk'tinat) a.
[L.
Tendsub, under ;pecten, a comb.]
in
structure.
comb-like
to
be
ing
a.
under
[L.
SUB-
312
SUB-
spiny.
of teeth (anat.}.
the grey
substantia gelatinosa,
matter of the spinal cord (anat.}.
SUB-
substantive variation,
changes
in
or indistinctly stratified.
under
sub,
[L.
Pert, the
roof.]
alisphenoid of a fish skull (zool.).
subtegminal (subtgg'mlnal) a.
[L.
sub, under ; tegmen, a covering.]
Under the tegmen or inner coat
of a seed (&?/.).
subtentacular canals, two prolongations of the echinoderm coelom
tectum,
(zool\
subthoracic (sub'thoras'Ik) a.
[L.
Gk. thorax, breast.]
sub, under
Not so far forward as to be called
;
thoracic
certain
fish
subtrapezoidal
sub,
small
under
table
Somewhat
eidos,
subtypical (subtip'Ikal) a.
[L. sub,
under
Deviating
typus, image.]
;
from type.
(su'bulat) a.
[L. subula, an
Awl-shaped
appl. leaves,
very narrow and tapering from the
awl.]
(bot.).
subumbellate (subum'bglat) a.
[L.
umbella, a small shade.]
sub, under
an
umbellate
to
arrangeTending
ment, with peduncles arising from
;
common
centre
(bot.}.
subumbonal (sub'umbo'nal)
a.
[L.
sub,
shell (zool\
subumbrella
a.
[L. sub,
Having a
somewhat hooked process somewhat hook-shaped.
subungual (subung'gwai) a. [L. sub,
under unguis, a nail.] Under a
;
subvertebral (subveYtebral) a.
[L.
under
a joint.]
sub,
vertebra,
Under the spinal column.
subzonal (subzo'nal) a.
sub,
[L.
under
zona, a belt.]
Appl. a
layer of cells immediately internal
to the zona radiata (emb.}.
;
[L. succus,
succise
(suksls')
a.
[L.
succisus,
succubous (suk'ubus) a.
[L. sub,
under cubare, to lie down.] With
each leaf covering part of that
under it (hot.}.
slightly
subuncinate (subun'sinat)
under uncus, hook.]
(sub'trapezoid'al) a.
Gk. frapezion, a
;
subtruncate (subtrung'kat) a.
[L.
sub, under
truncatus, maimed.]
Terminating rather abruptly, as if
subulate
The
medu-
Abrupt
appearing
lopped off.]
as if a part were cut off (bot.\
resemblance.]
trapezoid-shaped.
;
sub,
fins
appl.
(zool.).
[L.
sue-
313
succulent (suk'ulgnt)
sap.]
With
a.
[L. succus,
tissues full of juice or
sap (bot.).
succus (suk'us)
n.
[L. succus, juice,
juice of a plant ; fluid
secreted by certain glands (biol.).
sucker (suk'er) n. [A.S. sucan, to
sap.]
The
sucking - disc,
echinoderm tube-foot
suctorial (sukto'rfal) a.
to
suck.]
Adapted
(zool.\
[L. sugere,
for sucking ;
(sub'umbreTa)
[L.
in
an
SUDator,
to assist in sucking
supposed
(zool., anat.).
sudor
a.
[L.
carry.]
suffrutex (suf'rootSks) n.
[L. sub,
under ; frutex, shrub.] An undershrub (hot.}.
suffrutieose (sufroot'ikos)
under frutex, shrub.]
a.
[L. sub,
Somewhat
shrubby (bot.).
sugent (su'je'nt), sugescent'(sujes'e'nt)
[L. sugere, to suck.]
Suctorial,
stomodaeal groove
Anthozoa
a longitudinal flagellum groove of
-of
Dinoflagellata (zool.).
the
eggs,
thin-shelled,
quickly developing eggs of some
fresh- water forms laid in spring or
summer
cf.
supercarpal
winter eggs
(zool.).
carpus,
a.
soo-)
(supe'rkar'pal,
super, over
Upper carpal or
[L.
wrist.]
(anat.).
(supSrsa'kral,
over
a.
soo-)
a.
soo-)
sacrum, sacred.]
(anat.).
(su'persfenoid'al,
over
super,
[L.
Gk.
sphen, wedge.]
bone.
supervolute
(supervolut/,
soo-) a.
[L. super, over ; volvere, to roll.]
(anat.).
non-development of an organ or
part
(bot.).
eyebrows,
superciliary (supersil'iari, soo-) a.
[L. super, over cilia, eyelids.] Pert.
the eyebrows ; above the orbit
;
region.
Above
the auricle
(anat.).
appl.
feathers
(zool.).
suprabranchial
(anat.).
(su'prabrang'kial,
supra, above ;
brangchia, gills.] Above the
soo-) a.
Gk.
[L.
gills
(zool.).
(anat.).
suprabuccal
(su'prabuk'al,
soo-)
a.
Above
callosus, hard.]
[L. supra, above
Appl. a gyrus on the upper surface
of the corpus callosum of the brain
;
(anat.).
superior
superior,
(anat.)
super,
Perspiration (phys.).
summer
supersacral
[L.
(su'dor) n.
sudoriferous (su'dorif'erus)
sweat
to
sudor,
ferre,
a.
SUP-
314
upper.]
a.
soo-)
(supe'rior,
Upper
[L.
higher
another organ
superparasite,
(bot.).
see hyperparasite.
supracaudal
(su'prakod'al,
soo-) a.
SUP-
SUP-
315
(zool.}.
supraclavicular
(su'praklavik'ular,
[L. supra, above ; clavicula,
soo-) a.
Above or over
a small key.]
the
supracleithrum
n.
supra, above
Over or externally
[L.
cosfa,
rib.]
to the ribs.
Above
supraglenoid
cavity (anat.}.
(zool.}.
(zool.}.
supraoesophageal
(su'praes6f'aj e'al,
soo-) a.
[L. supra, above ; Gk.
Above or
oisophagos,
gullet.]
over the gullet (zool.}.
supraorbltal (su'pra6r'blt51, soo-) a.
[L. supra, above ; orbis, a circle.]
Above the orbital cavities ; appl.
(anat.}.
supralabial
[L. supra,
a.
soo-)
labium, lip.] On
scutes or scales
(su'prala'bial,
above
appl.
(zool. ).
supraloral
(su'pralo'ral, soo-) a.
[L.
(zool.}.
nerves (anat.}.
suprameatal
artery,
etc.
(anat.}.
suprapharyngeal
soo-) a.
(su'prafarin'jeal,
supra,
pharyngx, pharynx.]
the pharynx.
[L.
suprapubic
supra,
above;
(su'prapu'bik,
above
Gk.
Above or over
soo-)
pubes,
a.
adult.]
lip
[L.
(zool.}.
the
(su'pramea'tal, soo-) a.
arteries,
glands,
veins,
plexus
(anat.}.
An incompletely ossified
extension of the scapula of Amphibians and Ophidians (zool.}.
blade.]
supraspinal
(sa'praspfnal, soo-) a.
above spina, a spine.]
or over the spinal column
[L. supra,
Above
SUP-
and
stirrup.]
SWA-
316
The
of
part
the
col-
a slit-like space in
bone
appl.
the cervical muscle (anaf.).
suprastigmal (su'prastig'mal, soo-) a.
Gk. stigma, a
[L. supra, above
;
Above a stigma
pricked mark.]
or breathing-pore of Insects.
;
of the
skull
(bot.}
stoloniferous
(zool.\
zygote, attaching
the embryo sac ;
the
embryo
to
occurring in a
modified form in the development
of other plants (hot.).
suspensoriuin (suspSnso'rium) n. [L.
The
suspendere, to hang down.]
upper part of the hyoid arch from
which the lower jaw is suspended
(zool.}.
suspensory (suspgn'sori)
[L. sus-
a.
pendere, to
ing
suckers
appl,
region.
(anaf.).
sustentaculum
lieni, tali,
support
of the spleen, of the ankle-bone
(anaf.).
sustentator
n.
(sustenta'tor)
[L.
The sustensustinere, to sustain.]
tor or hooked cremaster of Lepi-
doptera (zool.}.
sutural (su'tural, soo-) a. [L. sutura,
a seam.]
Pert, a suture
appl.
dehiscence taking place at a suture
supratympanlc
sutural
(su'pratimpan'ik, soo-)
above
(biol.\
bones,
Wormian bones
Gk. tympanon,
a drum.] Above the ear-drum.
sural (sQ'ral) a. [L. sura, calf of the
Pert, the calf of the leg
leg.]
appl. arteries and nerves (anaf.).
suranal, see supraanal.
surangular (surang'gular) n.
[L.
angulus, an. angle.]
supra, above
a bone of
The supraangular
the lower jaw of Reptiles and
a.
[L. supra,
Birds (zool.}.
surculose (siir'kulos) a. [L. surcuhis,
a twig.] Surculous surculigerous
appl. plants producing suckers first
underground, thence aerial and
forming independent plants ; bear;
as
swarm
the de-
(sworm) n.
[A.S. swearm,
swarm.] A large number of minute
motile organisms viewed collectively
departure of a number of
bees from one hive to form another
;
(zool.).
SWI-
swiminerets,
paired appendages
to the walking-legs of
Crustaceans, functional partly for
posterior
swimming
(zool.}.
swimming
nectocalyces
bells,
sympetalous (slmpeYalus)
syn, with
determined
propulsion
(zool.}.
(zool.}.
ovaries,
floating
the
in
freely
body
(zool.}.
swimming
Ctenophores,
symbiosis (simblo'sis)
n.
[Gk. sym-
with
(biol.}.
a.
[Gk. sym-
Dromia (biol.}.
symmetrical (slmet'rlkal)
;
metron,
shaped
a.
[Gk.
measure.]
divisible
symmetry
into
(slm'gtri)
metron, measure.]
symmetry
;
a.
pathos, feeling.]
or
Pert,
re-
in principle
(bot.}.
sympodite
(sim'podit) n.
[Gk. syn,
with pous, foot.] The protopodite
of Crustacea (zool.}.
;
sympodium
n.
(simpo'dium)
[Gk.
primary
syn, with pous, foot]
axis consisting of a line connecting
;
(bot.}.
stamens and
taneously
synangium
with
pistils
[Gk.
Appl.
mature simul-
synanthesis
(bot.}.
(slnan'jium) n.
[Gk. syn,
anggeion, a vessel.]
pound sporangium
(biol.}.
sympathetic (simpatheYlk)
syn, with
foot.]
(biol.}.
n.
[Gk. syn,
State of
into
similar halves
divisibility
of
form
similarity of
regularity
structure on each side of an axis,
dorsoventral, or anterocentral,
See bilateral and radial
posterior.
with
POUS,
sembling a sympodium
with
A condition
symbiote, symbiont.
symbiotic (simblot'ik)
[Gk. sym-
(biol.}.
(slm'flsls)
partners in symbiosis
n.
Regularly
symphysis
syn,
symphyantherous, synantherous.
symphyllous, gamophyllous.
symphyogenesis (sim'fioje'n'e'sTs) n.
[Gk. symphyesthain, to grow toDegether
genesis,
descent.]
velopment of an organ from the
union of two others,
symphysial (simffz'ial) a. [Gk. symphysis, a growing together.] Syma
physeal
symphysian
pert,
symphysis.
ciliated
comb
in
(zool.}.
in
plates,
Commensalism
love.]
groups of ripe
ova of Acanthocephala detached
cavity
[Gk.
Having
to
philein,
swimming
a.
petalon, leaf.]
swimming
and
SYN-
317
in
com-
which the
in
some
SYNsynantherous (sman'the'rus)
a.
[Gk.
with
antheros,
flowery.]
anthers
united
to
a
form
Having
tube (bot.}.
synanthesis, synacme.
synanthous (sinan'thus) a. [Gk. syn,
with
anthos,
flower.]
Having
syn,
flowers
taneously
having flowers united
together (bot.}.
(sman'thi) n.
[Gk. syn,
with anthos, flower.] The adhesion
of flowers usually separate (bot.}.
;
synanthy
;
synaposematic
(sinap'osemat'ik)
a.
synapse
n.
[Gk. synopsis,
of one
union.]
nerve cell and another through the
medium of the terminal branchings
of the dendrons or axons (phys.}.
(sinaps')
The connection
synapsis
(sinap'sis) n.
union.]
matin
[Gk. synapsis,
contraction of the chro-
linin filament
the
includes
which usually
nucleolus
in
in
membrane,
synaptlc
the
the
membrane
n.
[Gk.
small
connecting the
(sinaptik'ula)
One
united.]
of
calcareous rods
septa of the mushroom-coral (zool.}.
synarthrosis (sin'arthro'sis) n. [Gk.
An
arthron, joint.]
syn, with ;
articulation in which bone surfaces
are in almost direct contact, fastened
together by connective tissue or
hyaline cartilage, with no appreciable motion (anat.}.
syncarp (sin'karp) n. [Gk. syn, with
;
karpos, fruit]
aggregate
fruit
syncarpium
an
syncarpous (stnkar'pus)
karpos,
collective fruit
a.
fruit.]
[Gk. syn,
Bearing a
(bot.}.
syncarpy
(sinkar'pT) n.
[Gk. syn,
karpos, fruit.J Condition of
united
to
form a
having carpels
with
(sinsSr'Sbrum) n. [Gk.
L. cerebrum, brain.] A
formed by union
brain
secondary
with the brain of one or more of
the ventral cord ganglia in some
syn, with
Arthropods
(zool.}.
synchondrosis
(sm'kondro'sTs) n,
[Gk. syn, with ; chondros, cartilage.]
in
which the consynarthrosis
necting
medium
is
cartilage (anat.}.
syncraniate (sinkra'niat)
a.
[Gk. syn,
kranion, skull.]
Having
certain vertebral elements fused
with the skull (zool.}.
with
syn, with
With
(zool.}.
(biol.}.
syncytiotrophoblast,
seesyncytium
(emb.}.
syncytium
(sinsit'ium) n.
[Gk. syn,
with ; kytos, hollow.]
A multinucleated mass of protoplasm without differentiation into cells (biol.} ;
the outer stratum of the trophoblast of the mammalian ovum, the
syncytiotrophoblast (emb.).
(sindak'til) a.
[Gk. syn,
syndactyl
;
With fused
dakfylos, digit]
many Birds.
digits, as in
syndactylism
(slndak'tilizm) n.
[Gk.
Whole
daktylos, digit.]
or part fusion of two or more digits
syn, with
(zool.}.
syndesmology
(sin'desmoToji) n. [Gk.
syndesmos, a band logos, discourse.]
The branch of anatomy dealing
with ligaments and articulations.
;
syndesmosis
(sin'de'smo'sis) n.
[Gk.
(anat.}.
(bot.}.
syncerebrum
with
(Phys.}.
with
SYN-
318
compound ovary
(hot.}.
synecthry
(sinek'thri) n.
[Gk. syn,
with ; echthros, hatred.] Commensalism with mutual dislike (biol.}.
synema
nema, thread.]
(bot.}.
SYN-
319
synergetic
synergic
(singrjeYlk),
SYSglairy
secretion
of
the
membrane (anat.).
synovial membrane,
(sineYjide) plu.
[Gk. synergos, coTwo help-cells lying
operating.]
beside the ovum at the micropylar
synoviparous
a.
(smSr'jik)
syngamy
(sTn'gami) n.
[Gk. syn,
with gainos, marriage.] Comprehensively, sexual union.
syngenesious (sm'jgne'sius) a. [Gk.
Havsyn, with genesis, descent.]
;
drical
syngenesis
(slnjgn'e'sis) n.
[Gk. syn,
Sexual
descent.]
the theory that the
human beings, past,
present, and future, were created
simultaneously, and that there are
germs within germs ad infinitum
with
genesis,
reproduction
germs of all
(biol.\
with
(sin'jgnet'ik) a.
[Gk. syn,
Sexually
descent.]
genesis,
reproduced
(phys.).
with
n. plu.
[Gk.
with ; gnathos, jaw.] Paired
jaws or mouth-plates of Stelleroids
syn,
(sinkar'Ion) n.
[Gk. syn,
with ; karyon, a nut.] The nucleus
from
fusion
of
resulting
pronuclei
in the zygote.
synochreate, see synocreate.
synocreate (sinok'reat) a. [Gk. syn,
with
L. ocrea, legging.]
With
stipules united, enclosing the stem
in a sheath (bot.).
;
synoecious
(stne'shus),
(sinoik'iis) a.
synoicous
oikos,
flov/er (dot.).
synosteosis
[Gk. syn,
Having the
united
before they divide up to go to the
separate digits (zool.).
synsacrum (smsa'krum) n. [Gk. syn,
with L. sacrum, sacred.] A mass
of fused vertebrae supporting the
pelvic girdle of Birds (zoo!.).
toes
synsepalous (sinsep'alus)
a.
[Gk. syn,
with sepalon, a sepal.] With calyx
composed of fused or united sepals
;
(*4
synspennous (sinspeVmus)
syn, with
sperma, seed.]
cell
sporos,
[Gk.
Having
(oot.).
synsporous (sinspo'rus)
with
a.
seed.]
a.
[Gk. syn,
Propagating
in Algae
conjugation, as
(dot.).
syntechnlc (smteVnik)
n.
[Gk. syn,
with
Resemblance
techne, skill.]
unrelated animals, due to environment.
syntenosis (sTntfino'sis) n. [Gk. syn,
with ; tenon, sinew.]
Tendinous
;
in
(zool.).
synkaryon
a.
pelma, sole.]
tendons to the
two
by
(biol.).
syngnaths (sm'gnaths)
or
synostosis,
anchy-
losis.
ovum, egg.]
articulation.
syringium
n.
(slrln'jTum)
[Gk.
syringx, a pipe.]
syringe-like
organ of some Insects for the ejection of a disagreeable fluid (zool.).
(str'ingks) n.
[Gk. syringx, a
The vocal organ of Birds at
pipe.]
the base of the trachea (zool.).
systemic heart, the heart of invertebrates, and the auricle and
ventricle of the left side of the
heart of higher vertebrates
opp.
syrinx
(anat.).
(sin'dvip'arus) a.
[Gk.
syn, with ; L. ovum, egg ; parere,
to
beget.]
synovia
Secreting
syngenetic
inner
synpelmous (sfnpeTmus)
(dot.).
synovial
the
The
thick, viscid,
respiratory heart.
systilius (slstll'fus)
n.
[Gk. syn,
The
with ;
a column.]
stylos,
columella-lid of some Mosses (dot.).
systole (sls'tole) n.
[Gk. systole, a
drawing together.] The contraction
SYS-
lid (bot.}.
(siz'ijT) n.
[Gk. syn, with
close suture of two
zygon, yoke.]
in Crinoids
found
adjacent arms,
a number of individuals, two to five,
syzygy
to
adhering
one another
the association
of
tagmata
(tag'mata)
tagma, a
segments
systylous (sis'tiliis) a.
[Gk. syn,
with stylos, a column.] With coherent syles with fixed columella-
in
TAR-
320
in strings
Gregarines
n.
plu.
Units
corps.]
Pert,
resemblance.]
eidos,
(zool.}.
[Gk.
parts
(biol.\
talus
n.
(ta'lus)
The
ankle
(anat.).
talus,
[L.
bone
astra-
ankle.]
or
astragalus
[L.
tapetum, a
(anat.}.
tapetal (tape'tal)
carpet.]
tabula
plu.
zontal
traversing the
canals of Hydrocorallina
partitions
vertical
and of tabulate
tabulare
corals
(zool.}.
(tab'ula're, tab'ula'ra) n.
[L.
A bone above
tabula, a table.]
each otic capsule in higher vertebrates
(zool.}.
tachy genesis
(tak'ijen'esis)
quick
tachys,
genesis,
n.
[Gk.
descent.]
of
a.
(tak'til)
[L.
tangere,
in
to
(Phys.}.
taenia (te'nla)
n.
Tape-worm
taeniate
and muscle
of nerve
(te'niat)
a.
Ribbon
ribbon.]
(zool.}.
taenidia
(tenid'ium) n.,
plu. [L. taenia, a ribbon.] Spiral
threads strengthening the chitinous
layer of insect tracheae (zool.}.
taenioid (te'moid) a. [Gk. tainia, a
ribbon
shaped
eidos,
like a
form.]
Tape-worm
Ribbon(zool.}.
scyphula
(zool.}.
a.
a tapetum
tapetum
(tape'tvim) n.
a carpet.] The outer
appl.
[L. tapetum,
and posterior
of the choroid
the main
body of fibres of the corpus callosum
part
ary roots
in
acropetal succession
(bot.}.
eyelid (anat.}.
(anat.}.
[L. taenia, a
like ;
striped
taenidium
Pert,
cells (bot.}.
tarsometatarsal
(tar'somet'atar'sal)
a.
zool.}.
tarsometatarsus
(tar'somgt'atar'sus) n.
(zool.}.
tarsophalangeal
(tar'sofalan'jeal)
a.
phal-
TAH-
(bot.}.
(biol.}.
taxonomy
arrangement
Morphology
in
which an organism
tectospondylic (tek'tospondll'lk) a.
Gk. sphondylos,
[L. tectus, covered
a vertebra.] Having vertebrae with
;
tion,
(zool.}.
tectrices
n.
(tek'trisez)
plu.
[L.
Wing-coverts ;
covered.]
small feathers covering the bases
of the remiges and filling gaps
tectus,
between them
teeth
tympanic antrum
tegmentum
(anat.}.
n.
(tfigmfen'tum)
[L.
a covering.] A protective
bud-scale (bot.} a tract of the midteginen,
brain (anat.}.
tegula
(teg'ula) n.
[L. tegula,
tile.]
on the mesothorax
small flap
the
articulation
of
overhanging
the wings in Lepidoptera a small
lobe at the wing-base of Diptera
;
taste bud,
an end-organ of taste,
consisting of a flask-shaped group
of modified epithelial cells found
on the tongue and adjacent parts ;
a gustatory calyculus (anat.).
taxis (tak'sls) n. [Gk. taxis, arrangement.] A tendency of an organism
towards (positive) or away from
(negative) a source of stimulus
is
TEL
321
(teth)
tooth.]
n.
(zool.}.
plu.
[A.S.
toth,
membrane
(anat.}.
telarian (tgla'rlan)
a
integument, endo-
(tgg'me'n) n.
[L. tegmen,
covering.] The
pleura, or inner seed-coat (bot.} ;
the calyx cover of Crinoids ; an
a.
Web-spinning.
telegony (teleg'onl)
far;
gonos,
[Gk.
tele,
The
sup-
offspring.]
[Gk.
The
tele,
far
engkephalon, brain.]
(emb.}.
teleodont (teTeodfint) a.
[Gk. tele,
far
odous, a tooth.] Appl. forms
of Stag-beetles with largest man;
enclosing
medusae
of
Hydrozoa
(zool.}.
teleorganic (teTWrgan'lk) a.
[Gk.
teleos, complete
organon, instruvital
to
functions
ment.]
Appl.
;
an organism
(phys.}.
telescoplform
a.
(t616sko'plf6rm)
far ; skopein, to view ; L.
that
Having
shape.]
joints
forma,
telescope successively into each
other.
[Gk.
tele,
teleutogonidium
(zool.}.
tegmen
(zool.}.
tegular (tegular) a.
[L. tegula, a
Pert, a tegula
tile.]
consisting
of a tile-like structure.
(teiu'togSnld'lum),
TELin
autumn,
the
in
germinating
seed
L. ferre, to carry.]
Rusts bearing teleutospores
teliospore,
teleutogonidium.
Appl.
(bot.).
teliosporlferous,
teleutosporiferous.
teliostage (tel'iostaj) n.
[Gk. telos,
end ; L. stare, to stand.] The last
summer-stage of certain Fungi in
which telia are produced ; the
teleutoform stage (bot.).
telium (te'lium) n., telia (te'lia) plu.
teloblast
(tei'oblast)
n.
[Gk.
telos,
A large cell
end
blastos, bud.]
which buds forth rows of smaller
cells, as in annelid embryos (emb.).
;
telekinesis (tel'okine'sis)
end
kinesis,
n.
movement.]
[Gk.
telos,
The last
TEN-
322
telolemma (teTblem'a) n.
end
lemma, skin.]
[Gk.
telos,
A capsule
containing a nerve-fibre terminaneuromiiscular spindles
tion, in
;
alts,
Pert., or in the
temporary.]
temporomalar
a.
(tem'poroma'lar)
temporalis, temporary
mala,
a
nerve
cheek.] Appl.
supplying
temple and cheek, the zygomatic
[L.
nerve
(anat.}.
temporomandibular
articulation,
the hinge of the jaws (anat.).
temporomaxillary (tem'poromaksil'ari) a.
[L. temporalis, temporary
maxilla, jaw.] Pert, temporal and
maxillary region
appl. the posterior facial vein (anat.}.
tenaculum (tenak'ulum) n.
[L. tenax,
In Teleosts,
holding.]
a fibrous
to
skull (zool.).
tendinous (ten'dmus)
to
stretch.]
Of
a.
the
[L. tendere,
nature of a
stretch.]
[Gk. telos,
Telekinesis,
(anat.).
telophase
(teTofaz) n.
aspect.]
end phasis,
which see.
;
(zool.).
telum
The
domen.
temnospondylous (tem'nospon'dilus)
tentacles
(ten'taklz)
body
(anat.).
n. plu.
[L.L.
a feeler.]
Slender
flexible organs on the head of many
small animals, used for feeling,
stereospondylous
a.
temperature
(zool.}.
[L.
(tem'peratur) n.
Bodytemperatura, proportion.]
heat most Mammals have approximately the same temperature as Man,
;
tentaculum,
(zool).
tentacular
(tentak'ular)
a.
[L.L.
TENfrom per-
Ctenophores
base
in
(zool.}.
tentacullferous (tentak'ullfgrus) a.
~L.ferre,
[L.L. tentaculum, a feeler
to carry.]
Bearing tentacles (zool.}.
;
tentaculiform
a.
(tentak'uliform)
L.
tentaculum, a feeler
forma, shape.] Like a tentacle in
or
structure
(zool.}.
shape
[L.L.
more
tentaculum (tSntak'ulum)
tentaculum,
or feeler.
a feeler.]
n.
[L.L.
tentacle
tentilla
tentorium (tento'rium)
n.
[L.
ten-
n.
[L.
(teYsin)
The third coat of
third.]
tertius,
an ovule
(hot.}.
n.
[L. terebra, a
borer.] An ovipositor which bores
into wood, as in Thalessa of the
terebra (ter'gbra)
Hymenoptera
terebrate
organ
teres
(zool.}.
(teYfibrat) a.
[L. terebra, a
borer.]
(zool.}.
(te'rez) n.
[L. teres,
round and
teres,
the tergum
tergeminate
thrice
(zool.}.
rounded
off.]
a.
Nearly
(t6rj6m'Inat) a.
[L. ter,
Thrice
gemini,
twins.]
forked with twin leaflets (bot.}.
tergite (teVglt, teYjIt) n. [L. tergum,
back.] The dorsal chitinous plate
of each segment of most Arthro-
pods
(zool.}.
tergum (tg/gum) n.
The dorsal
back.]
arthropod somite
back generally
lithites (zool.}.
tentaculozooids (tSntak'ulozo'oidz) n.
plu.
[L.L. tentaculum, a feeler
Gk. soon, animal
eidos, form.]
tentacular individuals
slender
Long
at the outskirts of a hydrozoan
colony (zool.}.
Man.
tercine
TES-
323
tergum,
[L.
portion of an
the tergite
the
a dorsal plate of
;
Barnacles (zool.}.
terminal (ter'mlnal)
a.
[L. terminus,
Pert., or situated at,
end.]
the end, as a terminal bud at the
end of a twig (dial.}.
ternary (teVnari) a. Ternate.
ternate (teVnat) a. [L. terni, three
each.] Arranged in threes
having
three leaflets to a leaf (bot.}.
an
leaflets
to
terrestrial (t6res'trial)
a.
[L. terra,
aerial, aquatic.
tertial (teVshial), tertiary (ter'shlari)
a.
[L. tertius, third.]
Appl. the
wing feathers of the humerus,
testicle-shaped (bot.\
TES-
Paired male
[L. testis, a testicle.]
glands
producing
reproductive
spermatozoa (anat., zool.).
testudinate (testu'dinat) a. [L. testudo,
a tortoise.]
Having a hard protective shell, as in the Tortoise.
tetanlform
a.
(teYamform)
[Gk.
L.
stretched
forma,
tetanus ; tetanoid
tetanos,
Like
shape.]
(Phys.).
tetanlze
v.
(tet'aniz)
To
stretched.]
[Gk.
tetanos,
cause a muscle to
shocks (phys.).
tetanus (tgt'anus)
n.
[Gk. tetanos,
State of a muscle undergoing a continuous fused series of
contractions due to faradization
a rigid state of plant tissue
(phys.)
caused by continued stimulus (bot.).
stretched.]
tetrabranchiate (tet'rabrang'kiat)
a.
a.
keras, horn.]
Four-horned (zool.).
tetrachotomous
tet'rakot'omus)
;
Divided up
cutting.]
(biol).
n.
(tet'rakok'us)
four
kokkos,
[Gk.
kernel.]
in
groups
of four (bact.).
tetracrepid (tet'rakrep'id) a.
[Gk.
four ; krepis, foundation.]
tetras,
Appl. a minute calthrops or four-
rayed spicule
(zool.).
tetract (tSt'rakt)
aktis,
four
tetras,
daktylos,
finger.]
ray.]
n.
tetragonal
a.
(tetrag'dnal)
[Gk.
four
an angle.]
gonia,
Quaternary (bot.).
tetragynous (tetraj'mus) a.
[Gk.
With
tetras, four gyne, a female.]
four carpels to a gynoecium (bot.).
a.
tetralophodont
(tet'ralof'odont)
tetras,
tetralophous
tetras,
a.
(tet'ralof'us)
four
[Gk.
Appl.
lophos, crest.]
(zool.).
tetramerous
tetras,
a.
(te'tram'e'rus)
four
meros,
posed of four parts
of four (bot.).
tetras,
in
multiples
(tetran'drus) a.
aner, man.]
four
[Gk.
Having
four stamens
(bot.).
tetrapetalous (tet'rapgt'alus)
tetras, four pe talon, a leaf.]
four petals
[Gk.
Com-
part.]
a.
[Gk.
H avi ng
(bot.).
tetrapneumonous (tet'rapnu'monus) a.
[Gk. tetras, four pneumon, lung.]
Having four lungs, as certain
;
Spiders (zool.).
tetrapod (teYrapod)
n.
[Gk. tetras,
four-footed
tetrapterous (tetrap'tgrus)
a.
four wings
(zool).
a.
tetracoccus
tetras,
tetrandrous
a.
tome, a
into fours
fourfold
tetracha,
[Gk.
TET-
324
[Gk.
Having
(zool.).
tetrad
(tgt'rad) n.
tetrarch
group of four
four
Having a four-stoned
fruit (bot.).
tetraquetrous
(te'trak'we'trus) a.
[Gk.
tetraSyiour ; L. quadratus, squared.]
Having four angles, as some stems
(bot.).
(tet'rark)
protoxylems
(bot.).
a.
archos, a ruler.]
[Gk.
tetras,
With
in the vascular
four
bundle
TETtetraselenodont
[Gk.
(te't'rase'le'nodSnt) a.
four
tetras,
selene,
moon
odous, tooth.]
Having four crescentic ridges on the molar teeth
(zool.).
(bot.).
(bot.).
a.
(tet'raspeYmus)
[Gk. tetras, four
sperma, seed.]
four
seeds
(dot.}.
Having
;
tetrasporangium
(te"t'rasp6ran'jTum)
n.
[Gk. tetras, four ; sporos, seed ;
anggeion, vessel.]
sporangium
One
of four
sporos, seed.]
non-motile spores produced by the
sporangium of Red Algae (bot.).
a.
tetrastichous
[Gk.
(tetrjis'tlkus)
Artetras, four
stichos, row.]
;
in four
tetrathecal
rows
(hot.}.
(tgt'rathe'kal) a.
[Gk.
theke, a case.]
Having
tetras, four
four loculi
(dot.).
tetraxon (tgtrak'son)
n.
[Gk. tetras,
four axon, axis.]
tetractine.
tetrazoic (tgt'razo'Ik) a. [Gk. tetras,
four ; zoon, animal.]
Having four
;
tetraspennous
ranged
presenting no differentiation
of leaf and stem, as in Thallophytes
cells
four
THE-
325
a structure serving as
(bot.)
a protective covering for an organ
or organism, as of spinal cord, pupa,
proboscis, tube-animal (zool.).
angium
thecaphore (the'kafor)
n.
[Gk. theke,
is
struc-
borne
(bot.).
thecasporous (thekas'pb'rus)
a.
[Gk.
a seed.]
sporos,
spores enclosed in
cases or thecae (bot.).
thecate (the'kat) a.
[Gk. theke, a
Covered or protected by a
case.]
theca (biol.).
theciferous (thesif'grus), thesigerous
Thecate.
(thesTj'grus) a.
thecium (the'shmm) n. [Gk. theke, a
That part of a Fungus or
case.]
theke,
case
Having the
sporozoites
(zool.).
thalamencephalon
(thal'ame'nke'f'-
-s6f-) n.
[Gk. thalamos, a
receptacle engkephalon, the brain.]
The part of the brain comprising
the thalamus, the corpora geniculata, and the epithalamus (anat.).
thalamus (thal'amus) n. [Gk. thalamos, a receptacle.] The receptacle
or torus of a flower (hot.) ; part of
the brain (anat.). See optic thalaml.
thalline (thal'ln) a. [Gk. thallos, a
young shoot.] Resembling a thallus
alon,
(dot.).
(bot.).
thallome (thal'om)
thallus (thal'us)
young
shoot.]
n.
n.
thelyotoky
n.
(the'H6t'6kT)
[Gk.
;
tokos,
offspring.]
Parthenogenesis in the case where
female
thelys,
thelyplasm
(thellplazm)
female
thelys,
moulded.]
(the'nal)
[Gk.
thallos,
a.
thenar,
Pert, or in the
of the hand
[Gk.
(anat.).
thenar (the'nar) n.
[Gk. thenar,
palm of the hand.] The muscular
mass forming the ball of the thumb
(anat.).
[Gk.
combination of
(biol.).
thermogenesis
thallus.
[Gk.
;
arrhenoplasm
thenal
(biol.).
n.
plasma, something
Female plasm
cf.
;
thernte,
duction.]
by oxidation
.
(theVmojgn'e'sis)
;
genesis, pro-
heat
Body-heat
(phys.).
production
THE-
THY-
326
thermolysis
(thermol'isis) n.
[Gk.
therme, heat lysis, a loosing.] Loss
of body heat (phys.).
;
thermoscopic
(ther'moskop'ik) a.
[Gk. therme, heat skopein, to view.]
for
Adapted
recognizing changes of
temperature, as special sense-organs
or eyes of certain Cephalopods
;
(*4
n.
(bot.).
thigmotaxis
(thig'motak'sis) n.
thigma, touch
taxis,
The tendency
[Gk.
arrangement.]
of minute organisms
to attach themselves to objects on
contact (biol).
thigmotropism
(thigmot'ropizm) n.
[Gk. thigma, touch ; trope, a turn-
(bot.).
abdomen containing
heart,
lungs,
region behind the
the body
head of many Arthropods and of
etc.
entangled (zool.).
three-nerved leaf, a leaf with three
distinct primary veins (bot.).
thremmatology
(thrgra'atol'djl)
n.
animals and
domestic conditions
ing
plants
(biol.).
thrombocytes (thrSm'bosits)
[Gk. thrombos, a clot
The elementary
under
n.
plu.
kytos, hollow.]
particles, platelets,
;
drawn
n.
(thllo'sez)
;/.
plastos,
inside
through pressure
thymus
An
[Gk.
wood
vessels
secondary wood
in
n.
(thi'mus)
thymus.]
phi.
Masses of paren-
thylax, a sack.]
(Phys.).
(thgrmot'ropizm) n.
[Gk. therme, heat trope, a turning.]
to
turn
towards heat,
Tendency
shown by curvature in plants (hot.).
clot
(Phys.).
chyma formed
thermotropism
drawn blood
[Gk.
therme, heat
taxis, arrangement.]
Reaction to stimulus of heat or cold
;
thrombos,
[Gk.
thyloses
thermotaxis (theYmdtak'sts)
in
(anat.).
thromboplastin (throm'bdplas'tin)
[Gk.
thyinos,
irregular pinkish
tissue in the
part of the neck
mass of glandular
lower anterior
(anat.).
see
thyreohyoid, thyreoid, etc.,
thyrohyoid, thyroid, etc.
thyroarytaenoid (thl'roar'ite'noid) n.
arytaina, a
[Gk. thyra, a door
pitcher eidos, form.] A muscle of
;
age
(anat.).
thyroglossal
thyra, door
(thi'roglos'al)
a.
[Gk.
thyroid cartilage
to
hyoid cornu
(anat.).
thyroid
eidos,
(thl'roid) a.
form.]
arteries, cartilage,
and veins
in its
region (anat.).
TIB-
n.
[L. tibia, a pipe,
The inner and larger of the
leg-bones between knee and ankle
tibia (tib'ia)
tonoplast (tonoplast)
n.
[Gk. tones,
plastos,
modelled.]
with
distinct
vacuole
walls
plastid
tension
flute.]
tonsil (ton'sil) n.
One
formed when
tibia
and
and
tibia
Tonicity,
fibula are
slightly
flute
place
n.
[F.
tige,
tissu,
fleshy swellings
knobbed
torques (tor'kwez)
to twist.]
ment of
fur,
n.
torquere,
[L.
(zool.).
torula
sclerenchyma, sieve,
reticular,
tracheal, vascular (biol.).
tokocytes (to'kosits) n. plu.
[Gk.
tokos, production
kytos, hollow.]
Reproductive cells of Sponges
;
(zoo/.).
tomentum
(biol.).
Having
(bot.).
(zool.\
radula, a ligula
(bot.).
n.
topos,
specimen
(zoo/.).
tish'u)
[Gk.
the original
to turn.]
(tls'ii,
n.
(top'otlp)
typos, a figure.]
locality of
n.
[L. tornare,
The free larval stage in
the development of Balanoglossida
foot.]
tissue
type (biol.).
tornaria (torna'ria)
[L. tibia,
Asteroidea (zoo/.).
tigellum (tijeTum)
see teeth.
topotype
(anat.).
from the
tibiotarsal (tib'Iotar'sal) a.
or
stretched,
(Phys.).
tooth,
[L.
fibula, buckle.] Pert.
fibula ; appl. articulation,
;
syndesmosis
aggregations of
near the tongue
tissue
base (anat.).
tonus (to'nus) n.
[L. tibia,
paired
The bone
of
lymphoid
(ana/., zoo/.).
tibioflbula (tlb'ioflb'ula) n.
flute fibula, a buckle.]
(biol.).
tibial (tib'fal) a.
[L. tibia, pipe.]
Pert, or in the region of the tibia
tibia,
TOT-
327
of blue
mould conidia
solution
torulose
in saccharine
(bot.).
(tor'ulos)
swelling.]
a.
[L.
torus,
(bot.).
torulus (t&r'ulus)
small swelling.]
n.
[L.
torulus,
torus
(to'riis) n.
The
TOTHaving the
webbed
feet completely
totipotent (totip'otent)
;
tracheid
potens, powerful.]
a.
[L. totus,
Appl. blasto-
meres
tracheidal
[Gk. foxon,
coil.]
spiral
spicule of rather
revolution (zool.}.
toxicology
n.
n.
(tok'sikol'oji)
[Gk.
toxikon, poison
logos, discourse.]
science treating of poisons in
all aspects.
toxiferous (toksiferus) a. [Gk. toxiL.
to carry.]
kon, poison
ferre^
Holding or carrying poison.
toxin (tok'sin) n.
[Gk. toxikon,
poison (phys.}.
poison.]
toxon (tok'son) n. [Gk. toxon, a bow.]
toxa or bow-shaped spicule (zool.}.
;
toxophores
(tok'soforz) n.
toxikon, poison
The poisoning
plu. [Gk.
pherein, to carry.]
qualities of toxin
persist
(bot.}.
transfusion
in
cells,
trachelate
(trak'glat)
a.
[Gk.
as
Narrowed
neck.]
tis-
(bot.}.
train
neck-formation (zool.}.
trachelomastoid (trak'glomas'toid)
a.
The
trachia,
[L.
An
ened cell
where end-walls
chelos,
(emb.}.
toxaspire (tok'sasplr)
a bow L. spira, a
n.
(trak'eid)
windpipe.]
(zool.}.
all
TRA
328
;
mastos, breast ;
Pert, tracheal region
and
mastoid
muscle (anat.}.
process
trachenchyma
[Gk.
appl.
(trakeng'kima)
a
n.
neck
engchyma,
Tracheal vascular tissue
trachelos,
infusion.]
(bot.}.
tracheobronchial
a.
(trak'eobrong'kial)
;
brongchos,
tube.]
Appl. glands
appl. a syrinx formed of
a bronchial
(anat.}
tongue
(zool.}.
tractellum (trakteTum)
here, to draw.]
n.
[L.
tra-
flagellum of the
(anat.}.
trama
(tra'ma) n.
[L. trama, the
central core of interwoven
trabeculate, trabecular.
trabs cerebri, the corpus callosum.
trachea
(bot.}.
(trake'a,
tra'kea)
n.
woof.]
[L.
The windpipe
trachia, windpipe.]
a respiratory tubule of Insects and
other Arthropods (zool.} the spiral
or annular vascular tissue of plants
(trake'al)
a.
[L.
trachia,
Pert., resembling, or
windpipe.]
having tracheae ; appl. tissue.
tracheal gills, small wing-like refrom the
spiratory
outgrowths
abdomen of water larvae of Insects
(zool.}.'
tracheate,
form.]
Change
metamorphosis
of form,
(zool.}
as
in
metabolism
(Phys.}.
(bot.}.
trachea!
transformation (tranz'forma'shun) n.
across
trans,
[L.
formare, to
tracheal,
transfusion
the tissue of
tissue,
leaves, consisting of
and
tracheidal
parenchymatous
gymnosperm
cells (bot.}.
transilient
(transll'ignt)
a.
[L.
TRAtransitlonal
(tranzTsh'onal)
a.
[L.
transire, to
transmedian (tranzme'dlan)
a.
[L.
across ;
medhis, middle.]
trans,
Pert., or crossing the middle plane ;
another (biol.).
transpalatine (tranz'pal'atin)
n.
[L.
trans, across palatus, the palate.]
cranial bone of Crocodiles, con;
(oot.).
a.
[L. trans,
transversum (tranzveYsum)
appl.
(oot.).
trefoil (tre'foil) n.
[L. trifolius, threeflower or leaf with three
leaved.]
(dot.).
tremelloid
a.
(tr&n'e'loid)
[L.
tre-
Gelatinous in
tremble.]
substance or appearance (6ot.).
triactinal (trlak'tlnal) a. [Gk. tria,
three
Three-rayed.
aktis, ray.]
mere, to
triadelphous
three
a.
(tri'adeTfus)
adelphos,
[Gk.
brother.]
somewhat
trident-
shaped spicule
triandrous
three
(zoo/.).
(trlan'drus) a.
[Gk.
tria,
Having three
aner, man.]
stamens
(oot.).
triangle (triang'gl)
n.
three-sided.]
structure or area ;
structures (anat.).
laris,
trianthous (trlan'thus)
[L. triangu-
three-sided
various
appl.
a.
[Gk. tria,
three
anthos,
flower.]
three flowers (dot.).
;
Having
triarch (trfark) n.
[Gk. tria, three
arche, beginning.]
Having three
bundles
xylem
uniting to form the
woody tissue plate of root (pot.).
n.
[L.
In
trans, across ; vertere, to turn.]
most Reptiles, a cranial bone exmaxilla
from
to
tending
pterygoid
(zoo/.).
trapeziform
(trape'ztform) a.
[Gk.
trapezion, a small table ; L. forma,
shape.] Trapezium-shaped (zoo/.).
trapezium (trape'zium) n. [Gk. tra-
trapezius (trape'zlus) n.
pezion, a small table.]
eidos,
tria,
transverse (tranz'vSrs)
Trapezium-shaped
form.]
lobes
(Phys.).
versal wall
TRI-
329
jointed (zoo/.).
Triassic (tnas'ik)
a.
[Gk. tria, three.]
geological period of the secondor
Mesozoic
ary
group ; the seventh
rock - systems
of the
thirteen
(Pal.).
triaster (trias'ter) n.
aster,
[Gk.
Three
star.]
tria,
three
chromatin
masses
from
tripolar
resulting
mitosis, as in cancer cells (cyt.).
triaxon (triak's6n) n. [Gk. tria, three
axis, axle.]
sponge spicule with
three axes (zoo/.).
;
TRI-
trichodragmata (trik'ddrag'mata) n.
plu. [Gk. thrix, hair
dragma, a
;
spicules in
hair-like
fine
Straight,
sheaf.J
bundles
(zoo/.).
(trik'qjm) n.
[Gk. thrix,
hair ; gyne, woman.] An elongated
hair-like receptive cell at the end
of the carpogonium of Thallophytes
(dot.}.
cells
(hot.}
Annelids (zoo/.).
trichotomous (trikot'omus)
tricha, threefold
a.
[Gk.
tome, a cutting.]
(bot.).
a.
(trlsip'ital)
[L. tres,
caput, head.]
Having three
heads or insertions, as the triceps
tricipital
three
(anat.).
trlconodont
Appl.
crown prominences in
jaw axis (zoo/.).
a line parallel
to the
trlcostate (trikos'tat)
three
costa, rib.]
beat
(Phys.).
tricrural (trikroor'al) a.
[L. tres,
three
With three
crus,
leg.]
branches.
tricuspid (trikus'pid) a.
[L. tres,
three
Threecuspis, a point.]
pointed ; appl. a triangular valve
of the heart (anat.}.
tricuspidate (trlkus'pldat) a. [L. tres,
three
Appl. a
cuspis, a point.]
;
tooth-like divisions
(bot.}.
tridynamous
(tridin'amus) a.
[Gk.
With
tria, three dynamis, power.]
three long and three short stamens
(bot.).
trifacial (trifa'shial) a.
Cleft
to form
triflagellate (trlflaj'glat) a.
three flagellum, a whip.]
[L. tres,
Jindere, to cleave.]
three lobes.
Having
three flagella
trifoliate
(zoo/.).
(trifo'liat) a.
folium, a
leaf.]
a.
[L.
(bol.).
tres,
three foliola, a small leaf/] Having three leaflets growing from the
[L.
tres,
With
three
[L.
Having
tres.
three
and hermaphrodite
late,
pistil-
flowers
(bot.).
trigeminal nerve,
(bot.).
tricotyledonous (trl'kotlle'donus) a.
[Gk. tria, three kotyledon, a cuplike hollow.] With three cotyledons
;
trigon
(bot.).
trtcrotic
krotein, to beat.]
Having a
in the arterial pulse
triple
tricoccous (trlkok'us) a.
[Gk. tria,
three ; kokkos, a kernel.] Appl. a
ribs
three
trichogyne
of
TRI
330
(tnkrot'ik)
a.
[Gk.
tria,
(tri'gon) n.
gonia,
angle.]
[Gk.
The
tria,
three
of
triangle
TRI-
trigonid
three
(trig'onfd)
n.
[Gk.
Ma,
The
gonia, an angle.]
triangle of cusps of lower jaw molar
teeth (sool.).
;
trigynous
(trij'inus)
a.
[Gk.
three ;
gyne, woman.]
three styles (bot.).
tria,
Having
[L.
tres,
Having
(dot.').
trilobate (trilo'bat) a.
[Gk. Ma,
three lobos, a lobe.] Three-lobed.
trilocular (trllok'ular) a.
[L. tres,
three
a little place.]
loculus,
Having three cells or loculi.
;
trilophodont (trllof'odont) a.
[Gk.
Ma, three lophos, a crest odous,
;
Having three-crested
tooth.]
teeth
(wrt).
trilophous (trilofus)
a.
[Gk. Ma,
Appl. a rayed
with
three
rays branched
spicule
or ridged (zool.).
trimerous (trim'e'rus) a. [Gk. Ma,
three ; ineros, part.] Composed of
multiples of three, as the parts of a
flower (bot.).
three
lophos, crest.]
trimorphism
(trlmor'ftzm) n.
[Gk.
three
Ocmorphe, form.]
currence of three distinct forms or
forms of organs in one species
tria,
binomial
[Gk. Ma,
three
morphe, form.] With three
distinct forms or forms of organs
occurring in the same species (biol.).
(trimor'fus) a.
trinervate
(trineVvat) a.
[L. tres,
three
nervus, a sinew.] Having
three veins or ribs running from
base to margin of leaf (bot.).
;
trinomial (trmo'mTal)
three ; nomen, name.]
a.
three
terms
cf.
(biol.).
trioecious (trie'shCis) a.
three
oikos, house.]
[Gk.
tria,
Producing
hermaphrodite
(bot.).
triovulate (triov'ulat) a.
[L. tres,
three
ovum, egg.] Having three
ovules (bot.}.
;
(bot.\
a.
tripinnatifld
(tripinat'IfTd)
-[L.
tres, three
pinna, feather findere,
to cleave.]
Divided three times in
;
[L.
tres,
Appl. names
a pinnatifid manner
(bot.).
midrib (bot.).
triple-nerved, appl. a leaf with three
prominent veins (bot.).
triplicostate
(trip'likos'tat)
triplax,
triple
blastos,
a.
[L.
Having
a.
[Gk.
bud.]
three
Having
primary germinal
mesoblast, and
epiblast,
hypoblast (etnb.).
tripod (trl'pod) n. [Gk. tria, three
A tripod-shaped or
pous, foot.]
three-legged spicule (zool.).
tripolar (tnpo'lar.) a. [Gk. Ma, three
polos, an axis.] Appl. the division
of the chromatin to three poles in
diseased cells instead of the normal
layers,
two
(biol).
trimorphous
of
consisting
trijugate (trljoog'at)
three
jugum, a yoke.]
a.
lips
TRI-
331
poles, in mitosis
(cyt.).
a.
triquetrous (trikweVriis)
[L.
tri-
three-cornered.] Appl. a
stem with three angles and three
concave faces (bot.) appl. a threecornered or wedge - shaped bone
quetrus,
(anat.).
triquetrum (trlkwgt'rum)
quetrus,
cuneiform
three
carpal
Wormian bone
n.
[L.
cornered.]
bone
(anat.).
MThe
(zool.)',
TRI-
TRO-
332
trlqulnate (trikwi'nat) a.
[L. tres,
three
Divided
quint, five each.]
into three, with each lobe again
divided into five (bot.).
;
triradial (trira'dial) a.
[L. tres, three
a ray.]
radius,
Having three
branches as radii from one centre
appl. the orbital sulcus (anat).
;
idae
(zool.).
trivium
(triv'ium) n.
[L. trivium, a
cross-road.] The three rays of a
starfish farthest from the madre-
Appl, a protozoan
spore containing three sporozoites
zoon, animal.]
(zool),
(bot.).
triserlal (trlse'rial) a.
[L. tres, three
series, a row.]
Arranged in three
;
third ;
A
blastos,
tritos,
bud.]
generation of Neosporidia produced
deutoblasts
and
in
turn
by
giving
trochal
a.
(trS'kal)
[Gk. trocko^
wheel.] Wheel-shaped; appl. the
anterior disc of Rotifers (zool.).
n.
(tri'toseVebrum)
third ;
L. cerebrum,
Part of the brain of higher
Crustacea, consisting of antennal
nerve centres (zool.).
tritocone (trl'tokon) n.
[Gk. tritos,
third
konos, cone.]
cusp of a
tooth
premolar
(zool.).
tritozooid (tri'tozo'oid) n. [Gk. tritos,
tritocerebron
(tri'toser'e'bron) n.
[Gk.
third
;
tritos,
kerebron, brain. J
third lobe of an insect brain indi-
trltocerebrum
[Gk.
tritos,
brain.]
third
(zool).
n.
[L.
small
pivot-joint (anat.).
n.
trochophore
(trok'ofor)
trochos, wheel ; pherein, to
[Gk.
bear.]
trochosphere.
trochosphere (trok'osfer) n.
[Gk.
wheel
trochos,
sphaira, globe.]
;
The
free
stage of
Molluscs
swimming
pelagic larva
TROtrochus
.
(tro'kus)
[Gk. trochos,
The inner, anterior, coarser
ciliary zone of a rotifer disc ; cf.
wheel.]
cingulum
[Gk.
tropis,
keel.]
Keel-shaped (zool.).
trophi (tro'fi) n. plu.
[Gk. trophe,
nourishment.] The hard chitinous
the
chewing organs of Rotifers
the
mouth-parts of an Insect
;
mandibles and
and second
first
trophe, nourishment
;
blastos, bud.]
outer layer of cells of a morula
(emb.).
trophochromatin (trof'okro'matin) n.
[Gk. trophe, nourishment chroma,
;
colour.]
Vegetative chromatin, or
that which
metabolism
idiochromatin
regulates
and functions
cf.
(biol.).
trophochromidia (trof'okromid'Ia) n.
plu.
[Gk. trophe, nourishment
Hydrozoa (zool.).
trophology (trofol'qjl)
nourishment
n.
[Gk. trophe,
logos,
discourse.]
The
plasm
kernel.]
n.
trophophore
(tr6f'6for)
[Gk.
trophe, nourishment
pherein, to
In Sponges, an internal
bear.]
bud or group of cells destined to
;
[Gk.
cf.
idio-
(cyt.).
trophoplast
n.
(trof'oplast)
[Gk.
nourishment
plastos,
A cell, nucleated or
moulded.]
not a plastid (biol.).
trophosome(trof'6s6m)#. [Gk. trophe,
nourishment
The
soma, body.]
nutritive polypoid persons of a
hydroid colony (zool.).
;
trophospongia
(trof'ospun'jla)
n.
trophospongium
(trof'ospSn'jium) n.
trophotaxis (trof'btak'sls) n.
[Gk.
trophe, nourishment taxis, arrangeStimulation
an
by
ment.]
agent
which may serve as food (phys.).
;
trophotropism
(trofot'roplzm)
n.
(biol.).
trophozoite
(trof'ozo'lt) n.
[Gk. trophe,
nourishment
trophozooid (trof'ozo'oid) n.
[Gk.
zoon, animal
trophe, nourishment
;
eidos, form.]
nutritive zooid of
tunicate
free-swimming
colonies
(zool.).
tropic
movement,
movement
to
certain
tropism (tro'pizm)
turning.]
(zool.}.
trophe,
of a cell
nutritive part
trophe,
(zool.).
a.
tropeic (trope'Ik)
The
TRU-
333
The
n.
reactionary
stimulation
[Gk. trope, a
of an
tendency
TRU-
truncus arteriosus,
terior
region
heart, through
trunk
n.
tuberculate
(zool.}.
trunk legs,
pereiopods of Decapods,
thoracic locomotory legs (zool.).
tryma (tri'ma) n. [Gk. fry ma, a hole.]
A one-celled, one-seeded, indehiscent fruit with separable rind
and two-valved endocarp with
spurious dissepiments, as Walnut
many
a.
(trip'anomo'nad)
monas,
[Gk. trypanon, an auger
a unit.] Appl. a phase in the development of a Trypanosome while
;
in its invertebrate
host
crithidial
(zool.).
trypanorhynchus (trip'anoring'kus)
[Gk. trypanon, an auger
snout.]
spiniferous
n.
rhyngchos,
protrusible
phyll-
[L.
tubercles.
tuberiferous
hump
(tu'berif'erus) a.
ferre, to bear.]
[L.
Bear-
(bot.).
tuberoia, tuberiform.
tuberosity (tu'beros'itl) n. [L. tuber,
a
A rounded
protuberance.]
eminence on a bone, usually for
many
(hot.}.
trypanomonad.
a.
(tuber'kulat)
tuber,
(zool.).
(trungk')
[L. truncare, to
cut off.] The main stem of a tree
(bot.)
TUB-
334
tubers.
Tube - making
some Worms
as
(zool.).
tubilingual (tu'billng'gwal) a.
[L.
tubus, a tube
lingua, a tongue.]
a
tubular
Having
tongue, adapted
for sucking (zool.).
;
tubiparous (tubip'arus)
a tube
glands
parere, to
secreting
material
(zool.).
tubulate
small
[L. tubus,
tube
Appl.
forming
[L. tubulus, a
(tu'bulat) a.
tube.]
a.
beget.]
Tubiform
tubu-
liferous.
(zool.).
tubate
Tube-shaped.
tube (tub) n. [L. tuba, a
(tu'bat) a.
pipe.]
Any
tubercle (tu'berkl)
a small hump.]
n.
[L. tuberculum,
small rounded
protuberance(a#a/.);aroot-swelling
or nodule (bot.) ; a tuberculum or
rib-knob (zool.).
tubule
(tu'bul)
[L. tubulus, a
small tube.]
Any small hollow,
cylindrical structure.
n.
tubuliferous
tubulus, a
carry.]
(tu'bullf'grus)
small
Having a
tube
a.
ferre,
[L.
to
tubule.
tubuliflorous (tu'buliflo'riis) a.
[L.
tubulus, a small tube ; flos, flower.]
Having florets with tubular corolla
(bot.).
tubuliform
[L.
(tu'buliform) a.
a small tube ; forma,
tubulus,
shape.]
Tube-shaped ; appl. certain spinning glands (zool.).
TUBposed
tubular structures, as an
(bot.), a tubipore Coral
of,
head
aster
(zool.}
(tu'bulus)
small
(ana/.).
tunic
tunica (tu'nlka)
(tu'nik),
n.
[L.
An investing
a coating.]
or tissue, as that of
those of
testis,
kidney, ovary,
tunica,
membrane
A natural covering an
integument.
tunnel of Corti, a triangular tunnel
enclosed by the two rows of pillars
of Corti and the basilar membrane
coating.]
(anat.).
(tiir'blnal)
whirl.]
as bone
(tllot'ik) a.
[Gk. tylos, knob.]
Affected by tylosis (bot.).
tylotoxea (tl'ldtok'sea) n. [Gk. tylos,
knob oxys, sharp.] A tylote with
one sharp end, directed towards the
surface of the Sponge (zool.).
tylotic
tympanic
(tlmpan'ik) a.
[Gk. tymPert, the tym-
panon, a drum.]
panum.
tympanohyal
a.
[L.
turbo,
turbinate (tur'binat)
[L. turbo, a
a.
shaped.]
(emb.).
The sum of
common to a
knob
n.
[Gk.
aktis, a ray.]
hex, six
hexactine spicule with rays
ending
tylosis
in
knobs
(tilo'sls) n.
Development of
(zool.).
[Gk.
tylos,
individuals,
for classification
tylotate
knob.]
end
a primary model
(tlf'losol) n.
[Gk. typhlos,
blind solen, channel.]
median
dorsal longitudinal fold of the
intestine projecting into the lumen
of Annulates a longitudinal ridge
in rectum and intestine of Anodon
typical (ttp'ikal) a.
[L. typus, an
image.]
Appl. a specimen conforming to type or primary example ; exhibiting in a marked
degree the essential characteristics
of genus or species (biol.).
Tyson's glands, glands round the
corona of the glans penis (anat.).
a knob.]
irregular cells in
[Gk. tylos, a
a pillar.] A spicule
pointed at one end, knobbed at
the other (zool.).
;
(biol.).
knob
the
characteristics
large number of
serving as a ground
(zool. ).
and
tympanum
tympanum
typhlosole
Pert,
hyoid (anat.)
part of the hyoid
arch embedded in the petro-mastoid
appl.
Top-shaped (bot.)
certain shells (zool.)
appl. certain
nasal and olfactory bones (anat.).
turgescence (turj6s'6ns) n. [L. turgere, to swell.] Tension or preswhirl.]
tylos,
(tim'panohi'al) n.
[Gk.
drum ; hyoeides, Y-
tympanon, a
arteries (anat.}.
turbinal
tylote (tfl6t) n.
[Gk. tylos, knob.]
A slender dumbbell-shaped spicule
(zool.).
n.
[L. tubulus, a
hymeneal pore
tube.]
a cylindrical
(bot,} ;
ovipositor
(zool.} ; any small tubular structures,
as tubuli lactiferi, recti, seminiferi
tubulus
ULN-
335
stylos,
(tflotat)
a.
[Gk.
Having a knob
(zool.).
at
tylos,
each
ulna
(ul'na) n.
sool.).
ULNulnar
a.
(ul'nar)
ulna
Pert,
vein,
UNC-
336
bone
(anat.}.
a radiating or cross
nervure in the wing of Insects (zool.).
ulnar neryure,
(bot.).
(ulna're, ulna'ra) n.
[L. ulna,
elbow.] The bone in the proximal
row of carpals lying at the distal
end of the ulna (anat.}.
umbilicate (umbil'ikat)
a.
ulnocarpal
(ulnokar'pal)
[L.
ulna, elbow
carpus, wrist.] Pert.
the ulna and carpus (anat.).
ulnoradial (ulnora'dial) a. [L. ulna,
elbow radius, radius.] Pert, the
ulna and radius (anat.).
ulotrlchous (ulot'rikus) a. [Gk. oulos,
woolly
thrix,
Having
hair.]
woolly or curly hair.
ultimobranchial bodies, a pair of
gland rudiments derived from the
fifth
pharyngeal pouches, which
ulnare
later
and
degenerate
leave
no
vestiges (emb.).
(um'beT; n. [L. umbella, dim.
of umbra, shade.] An arrangement
of flowers or of polyps springing
from a common centre and forming
a flat or rounded cluster (zool., dot.).
umbel
umbellate (um'bglat)
shade.] Arranged
a.
in
[L. umbella,
umbels
(dot.,
bellate clusters
(hot.,
umbellula (umbgl'ula)
dim.
of
zool.).
n.
[L.
umbella,
um-
shade.]
to a large cluster
Pert, the
umbilicus, navel.]
navel, or umbilical cord ; appl.
vesicle
veins,
arteries,
tissues,
[L.
(emb.).
[L.
um-
a central
depression
umbilicus
(um'bill'kus, umbil'ikus) n.
The navel
the central abdominal depression at
the place of attachment of umbilical
cord (anat.) ; the hilum (bot.)
a
basal depression of certain spiral
shells
either of the two openings
near the base of a feather (zool.).
umbo (um'bo) n. [L. umbo, a shieldA protuberance like the
boss.]
boss of a shield (bot.)
the beak
or older part of a bivalve shell
;
(zool.).
umbonate
(um'bb'nat) a.
[L. umbo,
a shield-boss.] Having a conical
or rounded protuberance.
umbraculiferous (umbrak'ulif'eriis) a.
[L. umbraculum, dim. of timbra,
shade.] Bearing an umbrella-like
organ or structure (bot.).
umbraculiform (umbrak'uliform)
[L.
a.
shape.]
zool.).
bellula,
a.
navel.]
Having
navel-like.
;
bilicus,
umbrella
(bot.).
umbrella (umbreTa)
n.
[L. umbella,
hook
Bearing
ferre, to carry.]
hooks or hook- like processes (zool.).
unciform (un'siform) a. [L. uncus,
hook forma, shape.] Shaped like
a hook or barb (zool., bot.) appl.
process of the .ethmoid bone (anat.).
unciform, ;/. The unciform or hama;
tum of the
uncinate
hook.]
wrist (anat.).
[L.
(un'sinat) a.
uncimis,
Unciform.
uncinate
backwardly
process, a
directed process occurring on the
ribs of Birds ; also a downwardly
directed process of the ethmoid
(anat., zool.).
uncinus
hook.]
like,
(un'sinus) n.
Small
structure
[L.
uncinus,
UNC-
cornu, horn.]
horn-like spine
etc. (zool.}.
(ting'kus) n.
unequally pinnate,
ungual (ung'gwal)
;
unguiculate
(unggwik'ulat)
a.
[L.
(iing'gula)
n.
[L.
ungula,
Hoof.
hoof.]
ungulate
[L. ungula,
axis, axis.]
[L.
(biol.}.
unicellular (G'nTseTular)
;
a.
[L. unus,
cell.]
Having only
or consisting of only one
cellula,
cell,
cell (biol.}.
(bot.}.
unicotyledonous (u'nikotile'donus) a.
Gk. kotyle, leaf.]
[L. unus, one
;
Having a
single cotyledon
(bot.}.
tooth
(zool.}.
(bot.}.
unifacial (u'mfa'shal) a.
[L. unus,
one ; fades, the face.] Having one
face or chief surface (zool.}.
uniflagellate (u'niflaj'elat) a.
[L.
unus, one flagellum, whip.] Havone
flagellum (zool.}.
ing only
uninorous (u'nlflo'rus) a. [L. unus,
one ftos, flower.]
Bearing only
one flower (bot.}.
unifoliate (u'nlfo'llat) a.
[L. unus,
;
one folium^
;
leaf.]
leaf (bot.}.
unifoliolate (u'nifo'llolat) a. [L. unus,
one ; foliolum, dim. offolium, leaf.]
unilamlnate (u'nllam'inat) a.
[L.
unus, one lamina, layer.] Having
one layer only appl. tissues (bot.,
;
one
one
[L. unus,
(bot.}.
a.
a.
(iing'gulat) a.
Hoofed.
hoof.]
unguligrade (unggu'llgrad)
one
unicostate (u'mkos'tat)
(zool.}.
ungula
a.
[L. unus, one ;
Having a single
appl. various shells,
unicorn (u'nlkorn)
uncus
UNI-
337
zool.}.
unilateral (u'nilat'eral)
one
latus, side.]
one side only (bot.,
;
a.
[L. unus,
Arranged on
zool.}.
unimucronate (u'nimu'kronat)
unus,
one
mucro,
sharp
a.
[L.
point.]
unpaired (un'pard)
a.
[L. un, not
par, equal.] Situated in the median
line of the body, and consequently
single
ventral fins
nerve-cells (anat.}.
(biol.}.
a.
(u'mse'rial)
[L.
Appl.
series, rank.]
fins
(phys.}.
uredinium
(zool.}.
uniserrate (u'niseYat)
a.
[L. unus,
one
bearing uredospores
uredo
[L. unus,
serrula, dim. of serra, saw.]
seta,
bristle.]
a.
[L.
stage of
unus,
Bearing one
bristle (zool.}.
ureter
n.
(ure'ter)
ureter.]
(bot.}.
oureter,
[Gk.
urine
(anat.}.
(biol.}.
one
;
spira, coil.]
spiral only (bot.}.
units of Spencer,
a.
[L.
unus,
Having one
the physiological
of heredity.
univalve
[L. uredo,
(bot.}.
Fungi (bot.}.
uredospores (ure'dosporz) n. plu. [L.
Gk. sporos, seed.]
uredo, blight
Reddish summer spores borne on
each sporophore of Rusts, which fall
(ure'do) n.
The summer
(u'nlsgr'ulat) a.
unisetose (Q'nTse'tos)
(u'redln'ium) n.
blight.]
urine.]
unus,
with
radials on one side of the basalia
one
(u'rakus) n.
[Gk. ouron,
urine echein, to hold.] The median
umbilical ligament
the
(emb.}
fibrous cord extending from bladder
to umbilicus (anat.}.
uniserial
the
(zool.}.
urachus
some
(zool.}.
unpaired fins,
appl.
URI-
338
(u'nivalv') n.
semen
the
urinary
one
a.
ouron,
[Gk.
Pert, urine
(anat.}.
urine
(u'rin) n.
[Gk. ouron, urine.]
fluid excretion from the kidneys
in
Mammals, a
solid or semisolid
Birds
excretion in
and
Reptiles
(phys.}.
uriniparous
[L. unus,
shell
valvae, folding doors.]
consisting of one piece or valve,
as a gastropod shell (zool.}.
in addition (anat.).
(u'rlnari)
appl. bladder,
organ, papillae, kidney tubules, etc.
urine.]
ouron,
(u'rinip'arus)
urine
parere,
a.
to
[Gk.
beget.]
Urine - producing
appl. to the
kidney tubules in the cortical
of
the
kidney
(anat.}.
portion
;
URIurinogenital
(u'rinojgn'ital)
a.
[Gk.
ouron, urine
gignesthai, to proConnected with urinary
duce.]
and genital systems (anat.}.
urinogenital ridge, one of a pair
of ridges from which the urinary
and genital systems are developed
;
a bladder or
connection
with the
sinus,
in
pouch
and
urinary
(u'rlt) n.
systems
genital
many animals
in
[Gk. aura,
in
tail.]
An
Arthropods
n.
(urn)
The
theca of Mosses
(urnz) n. plu.
[L. urna, a
Ciliate bodies floating
pitcher.]
in
coeloinic fluid of Annulates
(zool.).
urobilin (u'robflm) n.
[Gk. ouron,
L. bilis, bile.]
A yellow
urine
pigment in urine (phys.}.
urocardiac ossicle, a short stout bar
forming part of the gastric mill
;
in Crayfish (zool.}.
urochord (u'rokord)
[Gk. aura,
when
urochrome (u'rokrom)
urine
n.
chroma, colour.]
[Gk. ouron,
A yellowish
pigment
to
urocoel
n.
(u'rosel)
[Gk. ouron,
An excrekoilos, hollow.]
tory organ in the Mollusca, of
nature
doubtful
morphological
urine
(zool.}.
urocyst
(u'rosist)
n.
[Gk.
ouron,
The
hollow.]
kystis,
urinary bladder (zool.}.
(u'rode'um)
[Gk. ouron,
The part or
urine
odaios, way.]
chamber of the cloaca into which
the ureters and genital ducts open
urine
urodaeum
(zool.}.
urodelous
(u'rode'lus) a.
[Gk. oura,
With perdelos,
visible.]
sistent tails ; appl. a certain division
tail
(zool.}.
tail
An abdominal
part.]
seg-
One
netna, thread.]
Protozoa
oura,
of tail-
(zool.}.
uropatagium
tail
(u'ropata'jium) n.
[Gk.
L. patagium, border.]
The membrane
uropod (u'ropod)
n.
pous, foot.]
Any
appendages
in
similar Crustaceans
(zool.}.
[Gk. orros,
(u'ropij'lal) a.
uropygial
gland
n.
[Gk. oura,
A median
Y-shaped.J
bony element in the hyoid arch
below the hypohyals (zool.}.
uromere (u'romer) n. [Gk. oura, tail
hyoeides,
femur
(dot.}.
urns
tail
urohyal
(u'rohlal) n.
oura,
(zool.}.
see urino-
(u'rqje'n'ital),
genital.
like structures
(zool.}.
abdominal segment
urn
urogenital
meros,
(embJ).
urinogenital
urite
URO-
339
(zool.}.
uropygium
n.
[Gk.
;
pyge,
of
the
end
rump.]
a bird s trunk, containing the caudal
vertebrae, and supporting the tail
feathers (zool.}.
(u'ropij'ium)
end
orros,
of
sacrum
os
The hump
uropyloric
a.
(u'ropilor'ik)
tail ;
oura,
pyle,
posterior portion
stomach
at
gate.]
of
[Gk.
Pert.
crustacean
(zool.}.
urorubin
urine;
(u'roroob'Tn) n.
[Gk. ouron,
The red
L. ruber, red.]
pigment of urine
(phys.}.
column (zool.}.
urosome (u'rosom)
tail
Fish
pod
n.
[Gk. oura,
soma, body.] Tail region of
the abdomen of an Arthro-
(zool.}.
urostege
tail
(u'rostej)
stege,
plate of a
roof.]
n.
Serpent
[Gk. oura,
ventral tailalso
(zool.}
urostegite.
Y2
UROurosteon (uros'teon)
n.
tail
;
osteon,
bone.]
ossification on the
of
[Gk. oura,
A median
back portion
the
oura,
Having the
[Gk.
sthenos,
tail
stylos,
strength.]
strongly developed
(u'rostll) n.
[Gk. oura,
tail
An unsegmented
pillar.]
(zool.}.
Urthiere
n.
plu.
[Ger.
name given
Urtkiere, protozoa.]
by Oken to the Infusoria (biol.}.
urticant
nettle.]
(oor'tere)
(ur'tikant)
Appl.
a.
[L.
urtica,
thread-cells
with
power of stinging.
use inheritance, the transmission of
acquired characteristics (biol.}.
uterine (u'tSnn) a. [L. uterus, womb.]
uterus
appl. artery, vein,
plexus of Mammals (anat., zool.}.
Pert,
male
taticus (anat.}.
utricle
(u'trikl) n.
[L. utrzculus,a.small
An air-bladder
indehiscent onecelled fruit (bot.}
a membranous
sac of the ear-labyrinth ; the uterus
bag or bottle.]
a membranous
urostyle
VAG-
340
masculinus (zool.}.
utricular (utrik'ular) a. [L. utriculus,
small bag.]
Containing vessels
like small bags
appl. modification
of laticiferous tissue (bot.}.
utriculus (utrik'ulus) n. [L. utriculus,
small bag.] The utricle of the ear
;
(anat.}
plants
(bot.}.
uva
(u'va)
n.
[L.
pulpy indehiscent
uva, grape.]
with central
fruit
uvea (u'vea) n.
The
uvula
iris (anat.}.
n.
[L. uva, grape.]
of the cerebellum ; a conical
pendulous process from the soft
(u'vula)
A lobe
palate (anat.}.
uterine
muscular bell-like
female of certain
thread-worms, communicating with
coelom and uterus (zool.}.
uteroabdominal (u'teroabdom'inal) a.
womb ;
[L.
uterus,
abdomen,
a
bell,
structure in the
ab[L.
uterus, womb
sacrum, sacred.]
Appl. two ligaments of the sacrofolds
to the sacrum
attached
genital
;
(Q't6r6vaj'inal)
a.
[L.
uterus, womb ;
vagina, vagina.]
Pert, uterus and vagina (anat.}.
uterovesical (u'teroves'ikal) a.
[L.
uterus, womb ; vesicula, vesicle.]
Pert, uterus and bladder (anat.}.
uterus
vacuolar (vaku'olar)
(u'te'rus) n.
[L. uterus,
womb.]
a.
[L.
vacuus,
empty.]
or
material
sap,
(anat.}.
uterovaginal
.V
partially
digested
food
(cyt.}.
vagal
(va'gal) a.
ing.]
vagina
vaj'inal)
a.
[L.
etc. (anat.}.
VAG-
(anat.).
vaginate
a.
[L. vagina,
Invested as with a sheath
(vaj'inat)
sheath.]
(anat.).
veins
irregularly-arranged
(dot.).
vaginicolous (vaj'imk'dlus) a,
[L.
vagina, sheath colere, to inhabit.]
certain
Infusorians
which
Appl.
build and inhabit sheaths or cases
;
(zool.).
vaglnula (vajm'ula)
n.
[L. vaginula,
dim. of vagina, sheath.] A small
sheath (zool.} a sheath surrounding
the basal portion of the sporophyte
;
in Mosses (dot.).
vagus (va'gus) n. [L. vagus, wanderThe pneumogastric or tenth
ing.]
vaUecula
(valek'ula)
n.
[L.
vallis,
A depression (anat.) ; a
groove or depression (dot.).
vallecular (valelc'ular) a. [L. vallis,
Pert, groove or depresvalley.]
sion.
vallecular canal,
in the cortical
the Horse-tails (hot.).
valleculate (valeVulat)
(zool.).
a.
[L. vallis,
-vulva,
leaf,
see valval.
a.
Hinged
(zool.).
(valv)
n.
(val'vula)
valvula,
small fold
[L.
vane (van)
flag.]
The vexillum
feather,
(zool.).
variant (va'riant)
An
changing.]
n.
[L. varians,
individual
or
some charspecies deviating
acter or characters from the type
[L.
(dial.).
ridge.J Apfil.
indistinct ridges (zool.).
(va'riol)
various.]
n.
A small
[L.
varius,
pit-like marking
in Insects
fold.]
valvar (val'var),
valvate (val'vat)
valvula
variola
Grooved.
valley.]
valval (val'val) a.
[L.
valva, fold.]
Any
in
valley.]
valve
A valvula.
(nooL\
vaginiferous (vaj'imf'erus) a.
[L.
vagina, sheath
ferre, to carry.]
Vaginate.
vaginipennate (vaj'inipen'at). a. [L.
vagina, sheath
penna, feather.]
Having wings protected by a sheath
valves
vaginervose (vaj'iner'vos) a.
[L.
nervus, sinew.]
vagus, wandering
With
VAS-
341
(goal.).
varix
(va'riks)
n.,
varices
(var'isez)
One
plu. [L. varix, dilatation.]
of the prominent ridges across the
shells
univalve
whorls of various
showing the previous position of
the outer lip (zool.).
vasa (va'za) plu. [L.
.,
(vas)
A small vessel, duct,
vas, vessel.]
blind tube, or canal (anat.).
vasa deferentia, the ducts leading
from the testes to the penis (anat.),
or to the exterior, the urogenital
canal, or cloaca (sool.).
vas
the
efferentia,
which
tubes
vascular (vas'kular)
a.
[L. vascuhim,
small vessel.] Peri., consisting of,
or containing vessels adapted for
the transmission or circulation of
fluid (anat ).
vascular areas,
several scattered
areas developed between endoderm
and mesoderm of yolk-sac, the
of primitive
bloodbeginnings
vessels (emb.).
vascular bundle,
a group of special
two parts, the
or
wood
xylem
portion and the
phloem or bast portion ; many of
the vascular bundles have in addition a thin strip of cambium
separating the two parts (hot.}.
vascular tissue, specially modified
plant-cells, usually consisting of
either tracheal or sieve cells, for
the circulation of sap (bot.).
vasculum (vas'kulum) n. [L. vasculum, small vessel.] A pitchershaped leaf or ascidium (pot.}.
vasifactlve (vas'ifak'tiv) a. [L. vas,
vessel ; facere, to make.] Producing new blood-vessels (emb.}.
cells consisting of
vasiform
(vas'iform) a.
[L. vas,
vessel ; forma, shape.] Functioning
as or resembling a duct
vascular
(biol.}.
[L.
vas,
vessel
a.
to
constringere,
Causing constriction
tight.]
vessel
(vas'omo'tor) a.
vasodentine
vas, vessel
n.
(vas'oden'tin)
dens, tooth.]
A variety
permeated
by blood-
of dentine
[L.
vasoconstrictor
and
fibres (phys.}.
(vas'tus)
n.
vastus
vasodilator (vas'odila'tor)
a.
[L. vas,
(vas'ohi'pe'rtonTk),
see vasoconstrictor.
vasohypotonic (vas'dhl'potonlk),
see
vasodilator.
vasoinhibitory
(vas'6'inhib'itorl),
see
n.
[L.
vasodilator.
vasomotion
vasodilator
vastus,
[L.
immense.] Name given to various
divisions or parts of the quadriceps
muscle of the thigh (anat.).
vegetal pole, that side of a blastula
at which the megameres collect
;
vegetative
n.
[L.
Plants con-
(vej'eta'tiv) a.
[L. vegetare,
Appl. to stage of pure
plants as opp. reproductive
appl. foliage shoots as
opp. flower or reproductive shoots
to enliven.]
growth in
;
(hot.}.
vegetative cone,
the
apical
point
(hot.}.
vegetative pole,
(emb.}.
among
reproduction,
animals, a kind of asexual reproduction which consists in the
formation of buds (zool.).
The
veil (val) n.
[L. velum, a sail.]
the calyptra (bot.)
the
velum
vegetative
velum
(zool.}.
veins (vanz)
n. plu.
The branched
to
the
velamen (vela'men)
vessels (anat.}.
vasohypertonic
[L. vas,
blood
(Phys.}.
vas,
in
the calibre of a
blood-vessel (phys.}.
Any change
vasomotor
vasoconstrictor (vas'okonstrik'tor)
draw
VEL-
342
VA.Svasa
(vas'omo'shun)
vessel ; movers, to
move.]
n.
[L. velum,
a
a sail.] A membrane (anat.)
sheath of tracheides at the apex of
the aerial roots of Orchids (bot.).
velar (ve'lar) a. [L. velum, a sail.]
Pert, situated near, or belonging to
the velum.
velarium (vela'rium) n. [L. velum,
The velum of certain
covering.]
of the Cubomedusae, which differs
from a true velum in containing
endodermic canals (zool).
velate (ve'lat) a. [L. velum, coverVeiled ; covered by a velum.
ing.]
;
VELveliger
n.
(vel'ijer)
[L.
velum,
The
carry.]
larval life of
velum
gerere, to
second stage in the
;
vent
(v6nt) n.
The anus
(zool.).
vent feather,
feather
venter
an under
n.
(veVtgr)
venter,
[L.
The abdomen
belly.]
covert
tail
(zool.).
lower ab-
dominal surface
a protuberance,
as of a muscle a smooth concave
;
ventral
a.
(v&n'tral)
venter,
[L.
thalli (bot.).
ventricle
(vfin'trikl)
n.
ventri-
[L.
(hot.}.
velutinous
(v&lu'tinus) a.
[It.
velluto,
velvet
(veTvet)
The
velvet.]
skin
VER-
343
n.
[M.E.
soft
and
veluet,
vascular
rubbed
vena
of the vessels
by which the blood is carried from
the body to the heart (anat.).
Any
venation (vena'shun) n.
[L. vena,
the system or
Nervation
vein.]
;
disposition
nervures
of veins or
(bot., zool.).
venin
n.
(vSn'In)
[L.
venenum,
poison.]
venomosalivary (vgn'omosal'ivari)
salivare,
[L. venenum, poison
;
a.
to
Pert,
or
designating
salivary glands of which the secretion is poisonous (zool.).
salivate.]
venomous (vSn'omus)
enum,
poison.]
able to
glands
ous wound (zool.).
;
venose (ve'nos)
a.
a.
[L.
ven-
Having
inflict
poisona poison-
[L. vena,
vein.]
(bot.).
venous
(ve'nus) a.
[L. vena, vein.]
Pert, vein ; applied to blood returnheart
after
circulation
to
the
ing
body
tricle
appl.
of the
larynx
appl. septum
valves in heart (anat.).
;
ventriculus
(vfintrTk'ulus),
(phys.).
see
ventricle.
surface
(zool.).
ventrolateral
(vgn'trolat'e'ral) a.
[L.
venter, belly ; latus, side.] At the
side of the ventral region ; appl.
different
structures
in
various
groups (zool.).
venule (vgn'ul) n.
of vena, vein.]
insect's
wing
small vein of an
(zool.).
a.
vermian (veYmian)
in the
[L.
vennis,
worm.] Worm-like.
vermicular (vgrmlk'ular) a.
[L.
vermis,
worm.]
Resembling a
worm in appearance or movement
(zool.).
vermiculate (vgrmik'ulat) a.
Marked
vermis,
worm.]
[L.
with
VERnumerous
colour
or bands of
lines
fine
(zool.)
marked by numerous
lines (hot.}.
irregular depressed
vermiform (veYmif6rm) a.
worm
like a
worm
tures,
but
[L. vermis,
Shaped
numerous struc-
forma,
shape.]
appl.
especially
;
the
to
ap-
vermis (veYmis) n.
[L.
The annulated
worm.]
vermis,
median
The arrangement
bud
n.
[L. verruca,
Any wart-like projection ;
wart.]
one of the small wart-like pro-
the polyps in
naria (zoo/.).
verruciform
a.
(veroos'if6rm)
wart
verruca,
forma,
[L.
shape.]
Wart-shaped.
verrucose (vgrook'os) a. [L. verruca,
Covered with wart-like prowart.]
jections (zool., bot.).
versatile (veYsatil) a. [L. versare, to
turn around.]
Swinging freely ;
appl. anthers (bot.) ; capable of
and forwards ;
backwards
turning
appl. bird's toe (zool.).
versicoloured (veYsikulerd)
versare, to
change
a.
[L.
color, colour.]
spinal
Pert, spinal
various
column
structures
or
vertex
(ver'teks) n.
(zool.).
(dot.).
verruca (vgrook'a)
joint.]
Having a backbone
column (zool.).
joint.]
The
pendix.
jections
VES-
344
(anat.)
situated
verticil (veYtisil) n.
[L. verticillus,
dim. of vertex, whirl.] An arrangement of flowers, structures or inflorescences about the same point
on the axis (bot.).
verticillaster (veYtisilas'ter) n.
[L.
verticillus,
small whorl
A much
aster, star.]
disposed in verticils
(bot.).
verumontanum (ver'oomonta'num)
n.
VES-
vesicular gland,
a gland in the
tissue underlying the epidermis in
and
plants
containing essential
oils (tot.).
and functional
vestigial
(vgstlj'ial) a.
vexillum
(zool.}.
n.
(bot.}.
vgksil'um)
in
vestibule
(vgk'sllum,
[L. vesPert,
a
[L.
animals (zoo/.).
vexillary (vgk'sTlari, vgksil'arl) a. [L.
vexillum, standard.] Pert, a vexillum appl. a type of aestivation in
which the upper petal is folded
over the others (bot.\
vexillate (vgk'silat) a. [L. vexillum,
standard.] Bearing a vexillum.
vestibular (vgstib'ular) a.
a passage.]
tibulum,
[L. vestigium,
Small and
trace.]
imperfectly
developed (biol.}.
vestiture (vgs'titur) n.
[L. vestis,
garment.] A body covering, as of
(phys.}.
n.
some ancestor
in
(biol.}.
veterinary
vibracula.
a.
[L.-
vibratile (vlb'r&til) a.
[L. vibrare,
to
Oscillating ;
quiver.]
appl.
antennae of Insects (zool.}.
vibratile
corpuscles,
corpuscles
ves-
ear-labyrinth ; the
the labia minora
containing the opening of the
urethra ; the portion of the ventricle
directly below the opening of the
aortic arch ; the cavity leading to
the larynx ; the nasal cavity (anat.} ;
the posterior chamber of a bird's
cloaca ; a small tubular or grooved
depression leading to the mouth in
most Infusorians ; the space within
the circle of tentacles in endocavity
VIC-
345
closely resembling
in
found
(zool.}.
vibrioid (vlb'rfoid) a.
[L. vibrare,
to quiver ; eidos, like!]
Like a
vibno, a bacterium with thread-like
of the
space between
sperms
a slender cylindrical
body found in the superficial layer
of many Algae and Fungi (bot.}.
vibrissa (vlbris'a) n., vlbrissae
(vibrIs'e)//. [L. vibrissa, a nostril
A hair growing on the
hair.]
nostril or face of animals, the
whiskers of the cat, etc., acting
often as organs of touch (zool.}.
vicinism (vis'Inlzm) n. [L. vicinus,
vibrioid body,
The tendency to
neighbour.]
variation due to the proximity of
related forms (biol.}.
VILvilliform
a.
(vil'iform)
[L.
villus,
Pubescent
hair.]
villus,
shaggy hair.]
(hot.) ;
having
villi (zool.).
(vil'l)
plu.
[L.
Trophonemata
vimen
(vl'me'n) n.,
vimina
vinculum (ving'kulum)
(vim'ina)
long
n.,
vincula
t
virescence
.
grow
(virfis'fins) n.
[L. virescere,
The production
green.]
green colouring
of
matter in petals
particles to
one another
visitant (viz'Itant)
go to
which
Term
see.]
(phys.).
[L. visere, to
appl. a bird
is not an inhabitant of a
certain region, but appears at stated
periods in that region (zool.).
visual purple,
seerhodopsin (phys.).
the peculiar form of
in living phemanifested
energy
nomena when considered distinct
from
and
chemical,
physical,
mechanical forces (biol.).
vital
force,
vitamines
vita,
(vl'taminz)
life
n.
plu.
[L.
ammoniacum, resinous
vitellarium
a.
[L.
special organ in
(vit'ela'rium)
vitellus, yolk.]
viscera
(vis'erii) n.
The
body
vital functions,
(hot.).
vinculum
(ving'kula) plu.
[L.
chain.] Slender tendinous bands
accessory connecting bands of fibres,
to
VIT-
346
(anat.).
visceral
(vis'eral)
bowels.]
numerous
a.
[L.
viscera,
(anat.).
n.
(vitgl'Tn)
[L. vitellus,
yolk.] The phospho-protein of eggor related
a
similar
yolk (phys.) ;
substance in seeds (hot.).
vitelline
yolk.]
a series of arches
developed in connection with the
visceral arches,
(zool.).
pharynx
vitellin
in
visceromotor (vls'erom6't6r) a.
[L.
viscera, bowels
movere, to move.]
;
(viteTin)
a.
[L.
the yolk,
Pert,
vitellus,
or
yolk-
producing organ
appl. artery,
vein, duct (zool., emb.).
vitellophags (vitgl'ofagz) n. plu. [L.
Gk. phagein, to eat.]
vitellus, yolk
Isolated cells forming the hypoblast
of Crustacean egg (zool.).
;
vitellose (viteTos)
n.
[L.
vitellus,
VIT-
vitreodentine (vit'reodgn'tin)
n.
[L.
A
dens, tooth.]
glassy
very hard variety of dentine (zool.}.
vitreous (vit'reus) a.
[L. vitreus,
glassy.] Transparent appl. a clear
in
the inner
substance
jelly-like
chamber of the eye (anat.).
vitta (vlt'a) ., vittae (vlt'e) plu. [L.
One of the
vitta, band or fillet.]
oil receptacles in an umbellifer fruit
a band of colour (zool.).
(bot.)
vitreus,
[L.
(viv'ifika'shun) n.
living ; facere, to make.]
of the series of changes in
viviflcation
vivus,
One
[L. volvere, to
spirally (bot.).
twist.]
voluntary (vol'untari) a. [ L. voluntas,
Subject to or regulated by
will.]
a.
Twining
(phys.}.
(volut')
volute
n.
[L. volvere.
The spiral twists of a
shell (zool.).
volva (vbl'va) n. [L. volva, wrapper.]
The sac-like structure enveloping
to twist.]
volvate
a.
(vol'vat)
(bot.).
[L.
volva>
wrapper.]
(bot.).
vomer
vomeronasal
(vo'me'rona'zal)
a.
'[L.
vomer, ploughshare
nasus, nose.]
Appl. cartilage and organ in region
of vomer and nasal cavity (anat.).
von Baer's law, see recapitulation
theory,
;
vortex
n.
[L. vortex;
spiral arrangement
fibres at the apex of
(vof'tfiks)
vortex.]
The
of the muscle
the heart (anat.).
vulva
The
a vulva (zool.).
vulvouterine (vul'vou'tgrin) a.
[L
vulva, vulva uterus, womb.] Pert.
vulva and the uterus (anat.).
vulvovaginal (vul'vovaj'mal) a. [L
vulva, vulva; vagina, sheath.] Per*.
the vulva and the vagina (anat.).
like
w
an imaginary
the
separating
Oriental regions
line
and
Australian
between
it ran
Wallerian
a.
[L.
volvere,
to
chromatin
volution (vSlu'shun)
Wallace's Line,
vessels (phys.).
voluble (vol'ubl)
the will
WAN-
347
(cyt.).
the dedegeneration,
generation of nerve fibres following
this proceeds from the
section,
seat of the injury along the axon
migratory leucocytes of
areolar tissue
(zool.).
WAR-
medium.
warning
colours,
conspicuous
colours assumed by
to
warn
wart
off
enemies
(w6rt) n.
many animals
(biol.}.
water
gland,
structure
in
the
the
pore,
minute
ciliated
(hot.}.
water
(zool.}.
The
(wot'l)
fleshy
under
the
n.
[A.S. -watel, bag.]
process, usually red,
throat of a cock or
turkey (zool.}.
(waks) n. [A.S. iveax^ wax.] A
substance produced by bees and
used in forming the honeycomb
wax
(zool.}.
wax
web
being connected by a
membrane (zool.}.
Weberian apparatus,
found
in
an apparatus
Cypriniformes connecting
formes
(zool.}.
wedge
small infravertebral
bones,
ossifications at the junction of two
vertebrae, often present in Lizards
(zool.}.
Weismannism
[
(wis'mamzm)
German
Weismann,
n.
biologist.]
The teaching
(w6b)
n.
[A.S.
wheal
on stimulation (phys.}.
the locomotory ciliated
ring of Rotifers ; the specialized
ciliated epithelial structure in the
buccal cavity of the Cephalochorda
fibre
wheel organ,
(zool.}.
white body,
the
so-called
a system of
canals circulating a watery fluid
throughout the body of Echinoderms ; also applied to the excretory system of Platyhelminths
wattle
to the toes
acteristics.
(bot.}.
water
WIN-
348
-webbe,
web.]
of
unknown
function
soft
optic
body
(zool.}.
(bot.}.
the fertilization
wind-fertilization,
of plants by pollen carried by the
wind
(bot.}.
wing (wing) n.
One of two
[M.E.
lateral
papilionaceous flower
ivinge^ wing.]
petals in a
the lateral
;
;
the flight
WINwing
wing
insect
wing
XEN-
349
pupae
(zool.).
the
petal,
lateral
petal
in
winter egg,
summer eggs
(zoo I.).
wisdom
xanthin
wolf tooth,
(zan'thln) n.
[Gk. xanthos>
colouring matter
Yellow
yellow.]
in flowers (bot.).
n.
[Gk.
Dioxy-purine,
muscle, liver, pancreas,
and in urine ; also in certain plants
xanthos,
found
yellow.]
in
(zool.).
Wolfflan (wool'flan)
a.
\_Wolff,
em-
Wolfflan body, the embryonic mesonephros which arises bythedevelopment of a series of mesonephnc
tubules (anat.).
Wolffian duct,
the duct of
the
in
(hot.}.
wood
fibres,
sclerenchymatous
fibres (bot.).
wood parenchyma,
chymatous
wood
vessel,
lignified
cells (bot.).
paren-
an element of tracheal
(zan'thokar'pus)
a.
fruit.]
xanthodont
(zan'thodSnt) a.
[Gk.
odous,
yellow
tooth.]
Having yellow-coloured incisors ;
xantfwS)
appl. certain
wood
xanthocarpous
xanthophane
xanthos,
appear.]
Rodents
(zool.).
n.
(zan'thofan)
yellow
[Gk.
phainein,
to
Chromophane.
xanthophyll
n.
(zan'thofil)
[Gk.
xanthos, yellow phyllon, leaf.] A
yellow colouring matter found in
;
autumn
leaves, probably a
stituent of chlorophyll (bot.).
con-
xanthopous
a.
[Gk.
(zan'thopiis)
Hav; pous, foot.]
ing a yellow stem (bot.).
xanthospermous (zan'thospeVmus) a.
[Gk. xanthos, yellow ; sperma, seed.]
Having yellow seeds (bot.).
xanthos, yellow
xenarthral
xenia
(ze'nta) n.
[Gk. xenios, hospitAppearances in the seed
of characters, after cross-fertilization, belonging to foreign pollen
parent (bot.).
xenogamy (ze'nSg'aml) n. [Gk. xenos,
strange gamos, marriage.] Cross-
able.]
fertilization (bot.).
xenogenesis
(zgn'6j6n'6sls)
n.
[Gk.
xenomorphosis
(ze'n'om&r'fosTs)
Heteromorphosis.
n.
morphe^ shape.]
XEN-
YOL-
350
xenophya (zeVoffa)
(zool.}.
Wood-eating
appl. certain Molluscs and Insects (zool.}.
xylostroma (zHostro'ina) n.
[Gk.
;
wood
xylon,
stroma, couch.]
The
wood
temnein, to cut.]
Able to
(zool.}.
(hot.}.
xerophyte
(ze'rofit) n.
[Gk. xeros,
; phyton,- plant.]
xerophilous
a plant growing in desert
plant
or alkaline soil (dot.).
dry
xiphihumeralis
(zifihume'ra'lis)
n.
(anat.).
(zif'Tplas'tron) n.
[Gk.
F. plastron, shield.]
xiphos, sword
The fourth lateral plate in the
;
(anat.').
xiphoid (ztf'oid) a.
[Gk. xiphos,
sword
Swordeidos,
shape.]
shaped ensiform (anat.}.
the
last
xiphoid process,
segment of
the sternum (anat.}
the tail or
telson of Limulus (zool.}.
xiphophyllous (zif'ofil'us, zlfof'ilus) a.
[Gk. xiphos, sword phyllon, leaf.]
Having sword-shaped leaves' (hot.}.
xylem (zl'lfim)
[Gk. xylon, wood.]
;
The
wood
woody
(bot.}.
n.
(zi'lokarp)
karpos,
[Gk. xylon,
fruit.]
hard
fruit (bot.}.
xylogen (zl'lojgn)
wood; gignesthai,
shape.]
sembling wood
xyloma
n.
[Gk. xylon,
to produce.] The
(zilo'ma)
[Gk.
xylon,
A hardened mass of
wood.]
mycelium which gives rise to sporebearing structures in certain Fungi
(bot.}.
xylophagous
xylon,
wood
(zllof'agus)
;
yolk
phagein,
a.
to
[Gk.
eat.]
[A.S.
geoloca,
the
The
yellow part]
ovum
(emb.}.
up
yellow
xiphiplastron
bundle
xylocarp
a cartilage in
yellow cartilage,
which the matrix is everywhere
pervaded by yellow connective
in
split
Fishes.
yolk -plug, the mass of yolk-cells
filling up the blastopore, as in the
many
Frog (cyt}.
yolk-pyramids, certain of the cells
formed in the segmenting egg of
the Crayfish
a
yolk-sac,
tached to the
(zool.}.
ing
YOL-
the remains of
spherules,
neighbouring cells or of pseudocells found in the ovum (smb.}.
yolk
ZON-
361
zoid (zoid) a.
[Gk. zoon, animal ;
A sporozoite
eidos, resemblance.]
formed by division of sporoblasts
of Haemosporidia (zoo/.).
zoidophore (zo'Idofor) n. [Gk. zoon,
animal
eidos, shape
pherein, to
A spore mother cell or
bear.]
sporoblast formed by the segmentation of the oocyte in Haemosporidia
;
(zoo/.).
zona
(zo'na) n.
[Gk. zone, girdle.]
zone, band, or area.
the inner part of the
basilar membrane supporting the
organ of Corti (anat.).
zona arcuata,
the basilar
zalambdodont (zalam'dodont) a.
[Gk.
za, very
Appl.
zero
(ze'ro)
n.
$ifrun, cipher.]
[Ar.
The
origin of graduation.
the point of
zero, physiological,
adaptation to temperature.
see zonula ciliaris
Zinn, zonule of,
(anat.).
zoaea
n.
(zoe'a)
[Gk. zoe,
life.]
zoea.
zoarium
(zoa'rium) n.
[Gk. zoon,
animal.] The whole of the individuals of a polyzoan colony ; a
polypary (zoo!.).
zodiophilous (zo'diof'ilus)
zoon, animal
Zoophilous.
zoea
philein,
a.
[Gk.
to
love.]
An
n.
(zoe'a)
[Gk. zoe, life.]
early larval form of certain decapod
Crustaceans
(zoo/.).
zoeaform (zoe'aform) a.
[Gk. zoe,
L. forma, shape.]
life
Shaped
;
like
a zoea
zoecial
(zoo/.).
(zoe'shial)
a.
[Gk.
zoon,
Pert, or
animal
oikos, house.]
resembling a zooecium (zoo/.).
n.
zoecium (zoe'shtum)
[Gk. zoon,
See zooeanimal
oikos, house.]
cium.
;
Of
zoetic (zoet'ik) a.
[Gk. zoe, life.]
or pert, life (biol.).
zoic (zo'lk) a. [Gk. zoikos, peri, life.]
Pert, animals or animal life (zoo/.).
membrane
(anat.).
zonal
(zo'nal)
zone.]
a.
[L.
Of m pert, a
zonal symmetry,
see
zonalis, pert.
zone.
metamerism
(zoo/.).
zonal view,
Pert, the
dim. of zone, girdle.]
Zonaria, a division of deciduate
Mammals in Huxley's classification
(zoo/.).
see placenta.
[Gk. zone, girdle.]
Zoned or marked with rings arranged in a single row, as various
tetraspores (bot.}.
zone (zon) n.
[Gk. zone, girdle.]
An area Characterized by a similar
fauna or^flora (biol.) ; a stratum or
set of beds characterized by a
typical fossil or set of fossils (pal.).
zonociliate (zo'nosU'fat) a. [Gk. zone,
zonary placenta,
zonate (zo'nat) a.
plankton
(biol.).
Of
;
or
appl.
ZONzonoplacental (zo'noplase'n'tal)
zona,
girdle
a,
placenta,
[L.
cake.]
membrane forming
the suspensory
ligament of the lens of the eye
(zo'nul) n.
zona, girdle.]
or girdle a zonula (anat.}.
zooblast (zo'oblast) n.
[Gk.
;
animal
zoogamy
animal
(zSog'ami) n.
[Gk. zoon,
gamos, marriage.] Sexual
reproduction in animals
zoogenesis (zo'ojgn'esis) n.
The
blastos, bud.]
An
zoon,
animal
cleiiclrium.
zoochlorellae
n.
(zo'okloreTe)
plu.
;
chloros, green.]
animal
koinos, common
hollow vessel.] A coenocyte
bearing cilia in certain Algae such
as Vaucheria (bot.}.
zoocyst (zo'oslst) n. [Gk. zoon, animal
A sporocyst
kystis, hollow sac.]
zoon,
kytos,
(zool.}.
zoocytium
animal
;
(zo'osit'Ium) n.
kytos,
hollow
[Gk. zoon,
In
sac.]
common
the
Infusoria,
gelatinous and often
matrix (zool.}.
certain
branched
zoodendrium (zo'oden'drium)
zoon, animal
tree-like
n.
[Gk.
dendron, tree.]
The
colonial Infusorians
(zoo/.).'
zoodynamics (zS'odlnam'iks)
animal
zoon,
dynamis,
n.
[Gk.
power.]
of animals (phys.}.
zooecium (zoe'sium, zoe'shtum) n.
[Gk. zoon, animal ; oikos, house.]
A chamber or cell enclosing a
polyzoan nutritive zooid (zool.}.
;
The physiology
zooerythrin (zo'ogrith'rin) n.
[Gk.
A
zoon, animal
erythros, red.]
red pigment found in the plumage
of various Birds (zool.}.
zoofulvin (zo'oful'vin) n. [Gk. zoon,
animal ; L. fulvus, yellow.]
A
in
the
yellow ipigment found
plumage of various Birds (zool.}.
;
(zo'ogamct')
//.
[Gk. soon,
(zo'ojeog'rafi) n.
[Gk.
zoogloea (zo'ogle'a)
animal gloia, glue.]
[Gk.
embedded
bacteria
cell.
(zool.}.
[Gk. zoon,
gignesthai, to produce.]
origin of animals (biol.}.
animal
zoogeography
(anat.}.
zonule
ZOO-
352
zoon,
mass of
a
in
muci-
parous (zool.}.
zooid (zo'oid) n.
eidos, like.]
A member
an
indi-
and
non-sexual region
Polychaetes (zool.}.
n.
(zo'olith)
[Gk. zoon,
genital
formed
zoolith
animal
many
in
lithos,
stone.]
fossil
[Gk.
zoon,
animal.
zoology
n.
(zool'djl)
animal
The
logos,
discourse.]
branch of science dealing with the
structure, functions, history, and
;
distribution of animals.
zoon
An
n.
[Gk. zoon, animal.]
individual developed from an
egg
(zool.}.
(zo'on)
zoonite (zo'onit) n.
body segment of an
animal
articulated
(zool.}.
zoonomy
n.
[Gk. zoon,
The laws
nomos, law.]
life
with
animal
(biol.}.
dealing
zoophilous (zoof'ilus) a. [Gk. zoon,
animal ; philein, to love.] Appl.
which are adapted for
plants
pollination by animals other than
animal
Insects
(zoon'b'ml)
(bot.}.
ZOOzoophyte
n,
(z5'6flt)
ZOOM,
[Gk.
zoosperm (zS'ospSrm)
animal
tozoon
n.
[Gk. zoon,
sperma, seed.] A spermaa
(zoo!.)
zoospore (dot.}.
;
zoosporangium
(zo'osporan'jium)
n.
swarmsporos, seed.]
in
flagellate or amoeboid,
animal
cell,
many
Protozoa
(zoo/.)
motile
(dot.}.
zoothecium
n.
shium)
thekion,
zoocytium.
zoothome (zo'othom)
n.
[Gk. zoon,
thomos, heap.] Any group
of individuals in a living Coral
animal
(zoo!.).
zootomy
animal
(zoot'om!)
;
anatomy
man
ZYG-
353
n.
temnein, to
of animals
[Gk.
cut.]
other
zoon,
The
than
(zoo I.).
(biol.).
zygapophysis
zygon, yoke
n.
(zl'gapof'TsIs)
[Gk.
apophysis, process of
a bone.] One of the processes of
a vertebra by which it articulates
;
zygobranchiate (zl'gobrang'kiat) a.
[Gk. zygon, yoke brangchia, gills.]
;
zygodactyl
(zl'godak'til)
a.
[Gk.
yoke
daktylos,
digit.]
Having two toes pointing forward,
in
as
two backward,
parrots (zoo!.).
zygodont (zfgodont) a. [Gk. zygon,
yoke odous, tooth.] Having molar
teeth in which the four tubercles
zygon,
zygomatic
zygoma
a.
(zi'gomat'ik)
zygoma, yoke.]
Of
or pert,
[Gk.
the
(anat.).
zygomaticofacial (zl'gomat'Tkofa'sIal)
L. fades,
a.
[Gk. zygoma^ yoke
face.]
Appl. foramen on the malar
surface of zygomatic for passage of
nerve and vessels (anat.}.
;
zygomaticotemporal
(zl'gomat'lko-
(anat.).
zooxanthin (zo'ozan'thin) n.
[Gk.
animal
zoon,
xanthos, yellow.]
A yellow pigment found in the
plumage j>f certain Birds (zoo!.).
zwischenkorper (tsvish'e'nkerpe'r) n.
[Ger. zwischen, between
kbrper,
body.] A body or group of granules, probably comparable with the
cell-plate in plants, formed in the
;
zygantrum
(zlgan'trum) n.
[Gk.
A
zygon, yoke ; antron, cave.]
fossa on the posterior surface of
symmetrical
appl. irregular petal
arrangement (biol.).
zygoneury (zl'gonu'ri) n. [Gk. zygon,
yoke
neuron, nerve.] In certain
Gastropods, having a connective
between the pleural ganglion and
the ganglion on the visceral branch
;
(zoo!.).
ZYG-
zygopleural (zl'goploor'al) a.
[Gk.
pleuron, side.] Bizygon, yoke
;
laterally symmetrical.
zygosis
zygosperm
zygosis,
n.
(bot.\
(zl'gotoblast')
n.
[Gk.
A
yoked
blastos, bud.]
sporozoite produced by segmentation of the zygotomere in Haema-
moebae
(zool.).
zygotomere (zl'gotomer') n.
[Gk.
meros, part.J A
zygotes, yoked
cell formed by segmentation of the
'
zygote in
Haemamoebae
zygotonucleus
(zool.).
(zl'gotb'nu'kleus)
n.
[Gk.
(aot.).
(&?/.).
n.
zygosporophore
(zfgospo'rofor)
[Gk. zygon, yoke ; sporos, seed
to
p herein,
Zygophore.
carry.]
zygotaxis (zi'gotak'sis) n. [Gk. zygon,
The
yoke
taxis, arrangement.]
tendency towards conjugation between two specialized hyphae in
certain Fungi (bot,\
zygote (zi'got) n. [Gk. zygotes, yoked.]
;
zygotoblast
zygotes,
(zi'gosperm)
[Gk.
A
zygon, yoke ; sperma, seed.]
zygospore.
n.
zygosphene (zl'gosf en)
[Gk. zygon,
yoke sphen, wedge.] An articular
process on the anterior surface of
the neural arch of vertebrae of
similar cells
n.
[Gk.
Conjugation.
(zigo'sis)
balancing.]
ZYM-
354
zymogen
[Gk. zyme,
(zi'mojen) n.
A substance capable of
transformed
into
a ferment
being
leaven.]
(Phys.).
zymosis
(zimo'sis)
leaven.]
zymotic
n.
[Gk.
zyme,
Fermentation.
(zfmot'ik) a.
[Gk. zymotikos,
Pert, or
causing fermentation.]
caused by fermentation.
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