Rulers of Germany

I.
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GERMANY (DEUTSCHLAND) AND HOLY ROMAN EMPIRE (HEILIGES RMISCHES REICH)

The kingdom of the East Franks (eventually identified as an Alamannian, Teutonic, or German monarchy)
formed at the Treaty of Verdun and its division of the Frankish Empire in 843. On the extinction of the
Carolingian House in 911, the throne passed by election to the Houses of the Conradines of Franconia and the
Liudolfings of Saxony. In 962 king Otto I was crowned emperor by the pope, and the German kingdom entered
a personal union with the Italian kingdom into what eventually came to be known as the Holy Roman Empire.
The kingdom of Burgundy (Arelate) was added to this personal union in 1032. In legal terms the arrangement
was to last until the formal dissolution of the Holy Roman Empire in 1806, although by then imperial rule had
all but disappeared from any part of Burgundy and Italy and the feudal principalities of Germany had become
largely autonomous. Emperor Napolon I of the French established the puppet Confederation of the Rhine
(18061814) to dominate most of the German states after the last emperor Franz II had abdicated and
contented himself with his Austrian and central European possessions. The Confederation of the Rhine was
succeeded by the German Confederation (18151866), set up by the Congress of Berlin, and generally under
the presidency of the Austrian emperor. At the end of this period Austrias dominant position was terminated
by Prussia, and the Austrian possessions were definitively separated from the German states. After dominating
the North German Confederation (18671871), Prussia became the cornerstone of a single, albeit federal state
in 1871, when most of the sovereign states that had formed out of the Holy Roman Empire joined together in
the German Empire. By far the strongest and largest of its component states was the kingdom of Prussia, whose
kings served as German emperors until the deposition of all German monarchs at the end of World War I in
1918, when Germany became a republic.
The royal and imperial succession in the Holy Roman Empire was perceived as at least partly subject to
election (corresponding to both Roman and Frankish notions of charismatic monarchy). Even when a designated
and unchallenged successor was available, imperial status technically had to be conferred by the pope, although the
second and third emperors were actually first appointed by their respective fathers. Therefore, until crowned by
the pope, a monarch remained only king of the Franks or, in German medieval terminology, king of the Romans.
The monarchs were simultaneously kings of Italy (or of the Lombards) and, since 1032, of Burgundy (or of Arles).
The imperial title, although theoretically elective, remained firmly attached to the German monarchy; nevertheless,
several German kings failed to secure an imperial coronation (most notably in the period 12501308). Starting
with the Investiture Controversy between emperor Heinrich IV (10561105) and Pope Gregorius VII, the de
facto hereditary succession was undermined, and the state evolved into a truly elective monarchy in spite of the
efforts of the Hohenstaufen dynasty (11381254). This exacerbated the preexisting problems posed by the lack of
centralization, and in the long term fatally weakened the state. The right to elect an emperor became vested in
group of four secular and three ecclesiastical princes, an arrangement crystallized in the Golden Bull of emperor
Karl IV (13461378) from 1356. Elective kings and emperors had to rely on their personal possessions and
revenues, and enjoyed the single practical advantage of disposing of fiefs that had become vacant to the advantage
of their own families. During the reign of emperor Ludwig IV (13141347) it was decided that the elected king
of Germany may use the imperial title even if the pope refused to crown him emperor. This decision was put into
practice in 1508, when Maximilian I (14931519) assumed the imperial title at Trent and decreed that a monarch
was emperor from the time of his election. The Habsburg dynasty monopolized the throne from 1438, and from
1486 to 1765 the title king of the Romans was used for junior co-rulers associated with their fathers. The
Protestant Reformation and the Treaty of Augsburg (1555) further eroded the monarchs authority over the
German principalities, as it provided local rulers with the freedom of choosing between Catholicism and
Lutheranism as the religion of their subjects. The last vestiges of actual imperial power as such were undermined
by the Thirty Years War and the Treaty of Westphalia (1648). Franz II took the title emperor of Austria in 1804,
and in 1806 abdicated as Holy Roman emperor and king of its constituent monarchies. A succession of
confederacies under mostly Austrian presidency was followed by the Prussian-dominated German Empire in 1871.
This strong but federated entity survived until 1918.
The kings of the East Franks were designated rex Francorum, but by the 11th century they were called
Romanorum rex until crowned emperor by the pope. The neo-Roman emperors were called Imperator and
Augustus in Latin and Kaiser in German. There is some inconsistency in the numbering of monarchs as emperor
or king (especially Ludwig IV/V and Friedrich III/IV, with the lower, imperial, numbers being preferred). The
list below includes East Frankish/German monarchs from the start of the Carolingian Dynasty in 751. This is
I. Mladjov, Page 2/180
followed by the secular states whose rulers acquired the status of imperial elector (Kurfrst) or imperial prince
(Reichsfrst) by 1806, membership in the German Confederations or German Empire, or had been a tribal
duchy of the East Frankish kingdom (Bavaria, Franconia, Lorraine, Saxony, Swabia), and a selection of other
principalities. The Austrian Empire and its constituents (including the lands of the Bohemian crown),
Burgundy, Italy, Liechtenstein, the modern countries of Belgium, Luxembourg, and the Netherlands are listed
separately, and Silesia is listed under Poland. Use of non-German name forms reflects linguistic frontiers.
East Frankish/German (Roman) kings (and emperors of the Holy Roman Empire)
Carolingian House
751768 Pippin, the Short son of Karl Martel, maior domus of the Franks
768814 Karl I, the Great (Charlemagne) 1 son of Pippin; Italy 774781; emperor 800
& 768771 Karlmann I son of Pippin
+ Karl, the Younger son of Karl I; associated 800811
814833 Ludwig I, the Pious son of Karl I; Aquitaine 781817; Italy 818820; emperor 813; deposed
+ Karl II, the Bald son of Ludwig I; associated in Swabia 829833; Aquitaine 832834
and 838845; France 843877; Italy 875877; emperor 875
833834 Lothar I son of Ludwig I; emperor 817; Italy 820839; deposed
834840 Ludwig I, the Pious restored
840843 Lothar I restored; deposed; Middle Francia 843855
843876 Ludwig II, the German son of Ludwig I; associated in Bavaria 817
876880 Karlmann II son of Ludwig II; in Bavaria; Italy 877879
& 876882 Ludwig III son of Ludwig II; in Saxony; also Bavaria 880882
& 876887 Karl III, the Fat son of Ludwig II; in Swabia; Italy 879887; Saxony and Bavaria 882887;
France 884887; emperor 881; deposed, died 888
887899 Arnulf, of Carinthia bastard son of Karlmann II; Italy 896; emperor 896
899911 Ludwig IV, the Child son of Arnulf
Conradine House of Franconia
911918 Konrad I son of count Konrad I of Franconia
Liudolfing House of Saxony
919936 Heinrich I, the Fowler son of duke Otto I of Saxony
936973 Otto I, the Great son of Heinrich I; Italy 963973; emperor 962
973983 Otto II, the Red son of Otto I; associated 961; also Italy; emperor 967
9831002 Otto III son of Otto II; associated 983; also Italy; emperor 996
10021024 Heinrich II, the Holy 2 son of duke Heinrich II of Bavaria, son of Heinrich I, son of
Heinrich I; also Italy; emperor 1014
Salian House of Franconia
10241039 Konrad II son of count Heinrich of Speyer, son of duke Otto I of Carinthia, son of duke
Konrad of Lorraine by Liutgard, daughter of Otto I; also Italy; Burgundy 10321039; 3
emperor 1027
10391056 Heinrich III, the Black son of Konrad II; associated 1028; emperor 1046
10561105 Heinrich IV son of Heinrich III; associated 1053; emperor 1083; deposed, died 1106
Rudolf of Swabia son of count Kuno of Rheinfelden; rival 10771080
Hermann of Salm son of count Giselbert of Luxembourg; rival 10811088 4
+ Konrad son of Heinrich IV; associated 10871093; deposed; rival 10931101
Canonized as saint 1165.
3 From this point on, all kings of Germany were also simultaneously kings of Italy and of Burgundy.
4 Egbert of Meissen, son of margrave Egbert I of Meissen, was possibly chosen as a rival king in 10891090.
1
2
11051125 Heinrich V son of Heinrich IV; associated 1099; emperor 1111

House of Supplinburg
11251137 Lothar II posthumous son of count Gebhard of Supplinburg; emperor 1133
Hohenstaufen House of Swabia
11381152 Konrad III son of duke Friedrich I of Swabia by Agnes, daughter of Heinrich IV; rival 11271135
+ Heinrich son of Konrad III; associated 11471150
11521190 Friedrich I, Barbarossa son of duke Friedrich II of Swabia, brother of Konrad III; emperor 1155
11901197 Heinrich VI son of Friedrich I; associated 1169; emperor 1191; Sicily 11941197
11971198 Friedrich II son of Heinrich VI; associated 1196; replaced; Sicily 11971250
11981208 Philipp, of Swabia son of Friedrich I
Welf House of Brunswick
12081215 Otto IV son of duke Heinrich III of Saxony, son of duke Heinrich II by Gertrud,
daughter of Lothar II; rival since 1198; deposed, rival 12151218; emperor 1209
12151250 Friedrich II restored; rival since 1211; emperor 1220; Jerusalem 12251228
+ Heinrich son of Friedrich II; associated 12201235; deposed, died 1242
Heinrich Raspe son of landgrave Hermann I of Thuringia; rival king 12461247
12501254 Konrad IV son of Friedrich II; associated 1237; also Sicily; Jerusalem 12281254
House of Holland
12541256 Wilhelm son of count Floris IV of Holland; rival since 1247
Angevin House of England
12571272 Richard of Cornwall son of king John of England
Alfons, the Wise son of king Fernando III of Castile by Elisabeth, daughter of Philipp;
rival 5 12571275; resigned; Castile 12521284
House of Habsburg
12731291 Rudolf I son of count Albrecht IV of Habsburg 6
House of Nassau
12921298 Adolf son of count Walram II of Nassau; deposed, died 1298
Habsburg House of Austria
12981308 Albrecht I son of Rudolf I
House of Luxembourg
13081313 Heinrich VII son of count Heinrich VI of Luxembourg; emperor 1312
Wittelsbach House of Bavaria
13141347 Ludwig IV [V 7], the Bavarian son of duke Ludwig II of Upper Bavaria by Mathilde,
daughter of Rudolf I; emperor 1328
& 13251330 Friedrich III, the Handsome son of Albrecht I; rival 13141322
Luxembourg House of Bohemia
13471378 Karl IV 8 son of king Jan of Bohemia, son of Heinrich VII; rival since 1346; Bohemia
13461378; emperor 1355
Gnther son of count Heinrich VII of Schwarzburg; rival 1349; abdicated, died 1349
13781400 Wenzel son of Karl IV; associated 1376; deposed; Bohemia 13781419 9
Both Richard and Alfons received, at different times, a 4:3 majority of the electoral votes, but only Richard
went to Germany.
6 Konrad of Teck, son of duke Adalbert II of Teck, was possibly chosen king after the death of Rudolf I in 1292,
but was murdered within days.
7 Ludwig IV as emperor, Ludwig V as king.
8 Originally named Wenzel (Vclav).
9 Friedrich of Brunswick-Lneburg, son of duke Magnus II of Brunswick-Lneburg, was possibly chosen rival
king in 1400, but was murdered shortly thereafter.
5
Wittelsbach House of the Palatinate

14001410 Ruprecht, Clem son of elector Ruprecht II of the Palatinate, son of count palatine Adolf,
son of count palatine Rudolf I, brother of Ludwig IV
14101437 Sigismund son of Karl IV; Hungary 13871437; Bohemia 14191437; emperor 1433
Jobst son of margrave Jan Jindich of Moravia, brother of Karl IV; rival 14101411
14381439 Albrecht II son of duke Albrecht IV of Austria, son of duke Albrecht III, son of duke
Albrecht II, son of Albrecht I; husband of Elisabeth, daughter of Sigismund; Bohemia
and Hungary 14381439
14401493 Friedrich III [IV 10] son of duke Ernst I of Styria, son of duke Leopold III, son of duke
Albrecht II of Austria, son of Albrecht I; emperor 1452
14931519 Maximilian I son of Friedrich III; associated 1486; emperor 1508 11
15191556 Karl V son of king Felipe I of Castile, son of Maximilian I; Aragn, Castile, Sicily 15161556;
Naples 15161554; abdicated, died 155812
15561564 Ferdinand I brother of Karl V; associated 1531; Bohemia and Hungary 15261564
15641576 Maximilian II son of Ferdinand I; associated 1562; also Bohemia and Hungary
15761612 Rudolf II son of Maximilian II; associated 1575; also Bohemia and Hungary
16121619 Matthias son of Maximilian II; also Bohemia and Hungary
16191637 Ferdinand II son of archduke Karl II of Inner Austria, son of Ferdinand I; also Bohemia
and Hungary
16371657 Ferdinand III son of Ferdinand II; associated 1636; also Bohemia and Hungary
+ Ferdinand IV son of Ferdinand III; associated 16531654
16581705 Leopold I son of Ferdinand III; also Bohemia and Hungary
17051711 Joseph I son of Leopold I; associated 1690; also Bohemia and Hungary
17111740 Karl VI son of Leopold I; also Bohemia and Hungary; Naples 17131734; Sardinia
17131720; Sicily 17201734
17401742 (interregnum)
17421745 Karl VII son of elector Maximilian II of Bavaria, son of elector Ferdinand Maria, son of
elector Maximilian I, son of duke Wilhelm V, son of duke Albrecht V, son of duke
Wilhelm IV, son of duke Albrecht IV, son of duke Albrecht III, son of duke Ernst, son
of duke Johann II, son of duke Stephan II, son of Ludwig IV; husband of Maria Amalie,
daughter of Joseph I
Habsburg-Lorraine House of Austria
17451765 Franz I son of duke Lopold of Lorraine; husband of Maria Theresia, daughter of Karl VI
17651790 Joseph II son of Franz I; associated 1764; Bohemia and Hungary 17801790
17901792 Leopold II son of Franz I; also Bohemia and Hungary
17921806 Franz II son of Leopold I; abdicated; Bohemia and Hungary 17921834; Austria 18041835
(dissolution of the Holy Roman Empire 1806)
Friedrich III as emperor, Friedrich IV as king.

From this point on, coronation by the pope was no longer deemed necessary to claim imperial status.
12 The last Holy Roman emperor crowned by the pope, in 1530; although Karl V abdicated in 1556, he was
recognized as emperor until shortly before his death in 1558.
10
11
GERMAN CONFEDERATIONS
18061814
Protector of the Confederation of the Rhine (Rheinbund)

Napolon (I of France) son of Carlo Buonaparte; emperor of the French; died 1821
(dissolution of the Confederation of the Rhine 1814)
18151835
18351848
18491850
18501866
Presidents of the German Confederation (Deutscher Bund)

Franz (I of Austria) former emperor of the Holy Roman Empire 17921806
Ferdinand (I of Austria) son of Franz; abdicated, died 1875
Friedrich Wilhelm (IV of Prussia) son of king Friedrich Wilhelm III of Prussia; died 1861
Franz Joseph (I of Austria) son of Franz Karl, son of Franz; died 1916
(dissolution of the German Confederation 1866)
18671871
President of the North German Confederation (Norddeutscher Bund)

Wilhelm (I of Prussia) brother of Friedrich Wilhelm; German emperor 18711888
(conversion into German Empire 1871)
GERMAN EMPIRE (DEUTSCHES REICH)
German emperors
Hohenzollern House of Brandenburg-Prussia
18711888 Wilhelm I president of the North German Confederation 18671871; Prussia 18611888
1888 Friedrich III 13 son of Wilhelm I; also Prussia; 99 days
18881918 Wilhelm II son of Friedrich III; also Prussia; deposed, died 1941
(republic 1918)
ANHALT
The county of Anhalt in Upper Saxony belonged to the Ascanian House, which came to rule ducal Saxony from
1180. On the death of duke Bernhard of Saxony in 1212, his younger son Heinrich I inherited Anhalt with the
title of prince (Frst). On the extinction of the Ascanian line of Saxe-Lauenburg in 1689, the princes of Anhalt
claimed the title of duke of Saxony. The dynasty divided itself into several branches, which attained the ducal
title in 18061807. With the extinction of the lines of Anhalt-Kthen in 1847 and of Anhalt-Bernburg in
1863, the line of Anhalt-Dessau reunited the entire duchy and joined the German Empire in 1871.
Counts and princes of Anhalt
Ascanian House of Anhalt
12121252 Heinrich I son of duke Bernhard III of Saxony; prince of Anhalt 1218
(division into lines of Ascherleben, Bernburg, and Kthen 1252)
12521266
12661304
& 12661307
13041315
13
Princes of Anhalt in Ascherleben

Heinrich II, the Fat son of prince Heinrich I of Anhalt
Otto I son of Heinrich II
Heinrich III son of Heinrich II; archbishop of Magdeburg 1305
Otto II son of Otto I
(to Anhalt-Bernburg and the Bishopric of Halberstadt 1315; to Brandenburg 1648)
The numbering includes kings Friedrich I and Friedrich II of Prussia.
12521287
12871324
13241348
13481354
& 13481377
& 13481404
13771410
& 13771405
14041416
& 14041468
14681497
14971603
16031630
16301656
16561718
17181721
17211765
17651796
17961834
18341863
Princes and dukes of Anhalt in Bernburg

Bernhard I son of prince Heinrich I of Anhalt
Bernhard II son of Bernhard I
Bernhard III son of Bernhard II
Bernhard IV son of Bernhard III
Heinrich IV son of Bernhard III
Otto III son of Bernhard III
Bernhard V son of Heinrich IV
Rudolf II son of Heinrich IV; bishop of Halberstadt 1400
Otto IV son of Otto III
Bernhard VI son of Otto III
Hedwig widow of Bernhard VI; daughter of duke Jan I of Silesia-Sagan
(to Anhalt-Zerbst)
Christian I son of prince Joachim Ernst of Anhalt-Zerbst; in Zerbst 15861603
Christian II son of Christian I
Viktor Amadeus son of Christian II
Karl Friedrich son of Viktor Amadeus
Viktor Friedrich son of Karl Friedrich
Friedrich Albrecht son of Viktor Friedrich
Alexius Friedrich Christian son of Friedrich Albrecht; duke of Anhalt-Bernburg 1806
Alexander Karl son of Alexius Friedrich Christian
(to Anhalt-Dessau 1863)
16351670
16701709
Princes of Anhalt in Harzgerode

Friedrich son of prince Christian I of Anhalt-Bernburg
Wilhelm Ludwig son of Friedrich
(to Anhalt-Bernburg 1709)
17181727
17271772
17721806
18061812
1812
Princes of Anhalt in Hoym

Lebrecht son of prince Viktor Amadeus of Anhalt-Bernburg
Viktor I son of Lebrecht
Karl son of Viktor I
Viktor II son of Karl
Friedrich son of Viktor I
12521298
12981316
13161362
& 13161367
13621382
& 13621365
13671371
13821396
& 13821414
Princes and dukes of Anhalt in Kthen

Siegfried I son of prince Heinrich I of Anhalt; in Kthen and Dessau
Albrecht I son of Siegfried I; in Kthen, Dessau, and (from 1307) Zerbst
Albrecht II son of Albrecht I
Waldemar I son of Albrecht I
+ Albrecht III son of Albrecht II; associated 13541359
Johann I son of Albrecht II
Rudolf I son of Albrecht II; bishop of Schwerin 1364
Waldemar II son of Waldemar I
Siegmund I son of Johann I; to Anhalt-Zerbst 13961405
Albrecht IV, the Lame son of Johann I; to Anhalt-Zerbst 14141423
& 13821392
14141416
& 14141474
& 14141450
& 14141469
14741508
& 14741516
& 14741509
& 14741510
15081562
15161551
& 15161553
& 15161561
15511561
& 15511586
& 15511570
15861603
& 15861603
& 15861650
& 15861603
& 15861603
16501665
16651669
16691670
16701704
17041728
17281755
17551789
17891812
18121818
18181830
18301847
17651797
17971818
18181830
18301841
13961405
14051414
& 14051414
& 14051414
14
Waldemar III son of Johann I

Waldemar IV son of Siegmund I; in Zerbst 14051414
Georg I son of Siegmund I; in Zerbst 14051414
Siegmund II son of Siegmund I; in Zerbst 14051414
Albrecht V son of Siegmund I; in Zerbst 14051414
Waldemar VI son of Georg I
Ernst son of Georg I
Georg II, the Strong son of Georg I
Rudolf III son of Georg I
Wolfgang, the Confessor son of Waldemar VI; 14 abdicated, died 1566
Johann II son of Ernst; in Zerbst from 1544
Georg III, the Blessed son of Ernst; in Pltzkau from 1544
Joachim son of Ernst; in Dessau from 1544
Karl son of Johann II; in Zerbst
Joachim Ernst son of Johann II; in Zerbst, in Dessau 15611565; sole ruler 1570
Bernhard VII son of Johann II; in Dessau from 1565
Christian I son of Joachim Ernst; to Anhalt-Bernburg 16031630
Johann Georg I son of Joachim Ernst; to Anhalt-Dessau 16031618
Ludwig I son of Joachim Ernst
August I son of Joachim Ernst; to Anhalt-Pltzkau 16031653
Rudolf IV son of Joachim Ernst; to Anhalt-Zerbst 16031621
Wilhelm Ludwig son of Ludwig I
Lebrecht son of August I; in Pltzkau 16531665
Emanuel brother of Lebrecht; in Pltzkau 16531669
Emanuel Lebrecht son of Emanuel
Leopold son of Emanuel Lebrecht
August Ludwig son of Emanuel Lebrecht
Karl Georg Lebrecht son of August Ludwig
August II son of Karl Georg Lebrecht; duke of Anhalt-Zerbst 1807
Ludwig II son of Ludwig, son of Karl Georg Lebrecht
Ferdinand son of Friedrich Erdmann of Kthen-Pless, son of August Ludwig
Heinrich brother of Ferdinand
Princes of Anhalt in Pless
Friedrich Erdmann son of prince Karl Georg Lebrecht of Anhalt-Kthen
Ferdinand son of Friedrich Erdmann; to Anhalt-Kthen 18181830
Heinrich son of Friedrich Erdmann; to Anhalt-Kthen 18301847
Ludwig son of Friedrich Erdmann
(to Anhalt-Kthen 1841)
Princes of Anhalt in Zerbst
Siegmund I son of prince Johann I of Anhalt-Kthen; in Kthen 13821396
Waldemar IV son of Siegmund I; to Anhalt-Kthen 14141416
Georg I son of Siegmund I; to Anhalt-Kthen 14141474
Siegmund II son of Siegmund I; to Anhalt-Kthen 14141450
In exile 15471552.
& 14051414
14141423
14231436
& 14231473
& 14231475
14731508
& 14731508
14751500
15081562
15621603
16031621
16211667
16671718
17181742
16671704
17041746
& 17041709
& 17041747
17471793
16031618
16181660
& 16181632
16601693
16931747
17471751
17511817
18171863
Albrecht V son of Siegmund I; to Anhalt-Kthen 14141469

Albrecht IV, the Lame brother of Siegmund I; in Kthen 13821414
Waldemar V son of Albrecht IV
Adolf I son of Albrecht IV
Albrecht VI son of Albrecht IV
Magnus son of Adolf I; abdicated, died 1524
Adolf II son of Adolf I; abdicated; bishop of Merseburg 15141526
Philipp son of Albrecht VI
Wolfgang, the Confessor son of prince Waldemar VI of Anhalt-Kthen; abdicated, died 1566
(to Anhalt-Kthen)
Rudolf IV son of prince Joachim Ernst of Anhalt-Kthen; in Kthen 15861603
Johann III son of Rudolf IV
Karl Wilhelm son of Johann III
Anton Gnther son of Johann III; to Mhlingen 16671714
Johann August son of Karl Wilhelm
(to Anhalt-Dornburg 1742)
Princes of Anhalt in Dornburg, then Zerbst
Johann Ludwig I son of prince Johann III of Anhalt-Zerbst
Johann Ludwig II son of Johann Ludwig I; Zerbst 1742
Johann August son of Johann Ludwig I
Christian August son of Johann Ludwig I; Zerbst 1742
Friedrich August son of Christian August
(divided between Anhalt-Bernburg and Anhalt-Dessau 1793)
Princes and dukes of Anhalt in Dessau
Johann Georg I son of prince Joachim Ernst of Anhalt-Kthen; in Kthen 15861603
Johann Kasimir son of Johann Georg I
Georg Aribert son of Johann Georg I; to Anhalt-Wrlitz 16321643
Johann Georg II son of Johann Kasimir
Leopold I son of Johann Georg II
Leopold II son of Leopold I
Leopold III son of Leopold II; duke of Anhalt-Dessau 1807
Leopold IV son of Friedrich, son of Leopold III; duke of Anhalt 18631871
18631871
18711904
19041918
1918
1918
Dukes of Anhalt
Leopold I former duke of Anhalt-Dessau 18171863
Friedrich I son of Leopold I
Friedrich II son of Friedrich I
Eduard son of Friedrich I
Joachim Ernst son of Eduard; deposed, died 1947
(to Germany 1918)
16321643
16431677
Princes of Anhalt in Wrlitz

Georg Aribert son of prince Johann Georg I of Anhalt-Dessau
Christian Aribert son of Georg Aribert
16031653
16531654
& 16531665
& 16531669
Princes of Anhalt in Pltzkau

August son of prince Joachim Ernst of Anhalt-Kthen; in Kthen 15861603
Ernst Gottlieb son of August
Lebrecht son of August; to Anhalt-Kthen 16651669
Emanuel son of August; to Anhalt-Kthen 16691670
ARENBERG
The lordship of Arenberg, located west of Koblenz in Lower Lorraine, passed by marriage to the House of MarkAltena in 1299. It was subsequently ruled for three centuries by a branch of that family, until passing by
marriage to the House of Ligne. The lords of Arenberg were now promoted to counts (1549), princes (1576),
and dukes (1644). Prince Karl had inherited the duchy Aerschot and principality Chimay as husband of Anne,
daughter of duke Philippe III. By the Treaty of Luneville in 1801, the duke of Arenberg lost his old duchy west
of the Rhine, but was compensated in 1803 with Recklinghausen and Meppen east of the Rhine, carved out of
the archbishopric of Cologne and the bishopric of Mnster, respectively. This newly constituted duchy of
Arenberg entered the Confederation of the Rhine in 1806 as a sovereign principality. In 1810, however, it was
mediatized, with Recklinghausen passing to the grand duchy of Berg and Meppen to France. The Congress of
Vienna gave Recklinghausen to Prussia and Meppen to Hanover in 1815; Meppen passed to Prussia in 1866.
Lords, Counts, Princes, and Dukes of Arenberg
Berg House of Mark-Altena
12991328 Engelbert husband of Mechthild, daughter of Johann of Arenberg; son of count Eberhard of Mark
13281387 Eberhard I son of Engelbert
13871427 Johann I son of Eberhard I
& 13871440 Eberhard II son of Eberhard I
14401470 Johann II, the Boar son of Eberhard II
14701496 Eberhard III, the Boar son of Johann
14961531 Eberhard IV son of Eberhard III
15311536 Robert I son of Eberhard III
+ Robert II son of Robert I; associated c.15231536
15361544 Robert III son of Robert II
15441568 Margaretha daughter of Robert III; abdicated, died 1599
& 15471568 Johann III of Ligne married Margaretha; son of Louis of Barbenon; count 1549
House of Ligne
15681616 Karl son of Johann III and Margaretha; prince 1576; duke of Aerschot 1612
16161640 Philipp Karl son of Karl
16401674 Philipp Franz son of Philipp Karl; duke 1644
16741681 Karl Eugen son of Philipp Karl
16811691 Philipp Karl Franz son of Karl Eugen
16911754 Leopold Philipp son of Philipp Karl Franz
17541778 Karl Maria Raimund son of Leopold Philipp
17781803 Ludwig Engelbert, the Blind son of Karl Maria Raimund; abdicated, died 1820
18031810 Prosper Ludwig son of Ludwig Engelbert; mediatized, died 1861
(Meppen to France, Recklinghausen to Berg 1810)
AUERSPERG
A Swabian family long settled in Carniola, the Auerspergs distinguished themselves in Habsburg service, and
attained the rank of barons in 1550, and counts in 1630. Johann Weikhard was promoted to prince in 1653,
and invested with the duchy of Silesia-Mnsterberg in 1654, and with the princely county of Tengen in 1663.
This secured the family a place among the secular princes of the Holy Roman Empire, which it retained until
mediatized in 1806; Tengen passed to Bade. Only the princely branch of the Auersperg family is covered in the
list below.
Counts and Princes of Auersperg
House of Auersperg
15921634
16341673
& 16341653
& 16341677
16771705
17051713
17131783
17831800
18001806
Dietrich II son of Christoph II of Auersperg; count 1630

Wolfgang Engelbert III son of Dietrich II
Herbard son of Dietrich II; to Schnberg 16531668 (line continued)
Johann Weikhard son of Dietrich II; prince 1653; duke of Silesia-Mnsterberg 1654;
princely count of Tengen 1663
Johann Ferdinand son of Johann Weikhard
Franz Karl son of Johann Weikhard
Heinrich Joseph Johann son of Franz Karl; Mnsterberg lost to Prussia 1742
Karl Joseph Anton son of Heinrich Joseph Johann; duke of Gottschee 1791
Wilhelm son of Karl Joseph Anton; mediatized, died 1822
(to Bade 1806)
BADE (BADEN)
The margraves of Bade in Swabia originated from the House of Zhringen. The title of margrave originated
with Hermann I, who served as margrave of Verona 10731074. By 1112 his son Hermann II reigned as
margrave of Bade. After several partitions among subsidiary lines, Bade was divided between two main lines of
margraves, those of Bade-Bade and Bade-Durlach. With the extinction of the line of Bade-Bade in 1771, the
line of Bade-Durlach reunited the family possessions. In 1803 the margrave of Bade received the title of elector
of the Holy Roman Empire, and on its dissolution in 1806 he became a grand duke. The grand duchy joined
the German Empire in 1871.
Margraves of Bade
Zhringen House of Bade
10611074 Hermann I son of duke Berthold I of Zhringen (Carinthia); margrave of Verona 1073
10741130 Hermann II son of Hermann I; margrave of Bade by 1112
11301160 Hermann III, the Great son of Hermann II
11601190 Hermann IV son of Hermann III
11901243 Hermann V son of Hermann IV
+ Friedrich son of Hermann IV; associated 11901217
12431250 Hermann VI, the Younger son of Hermann V
& 12431288 Rudolf I son of Hermann V
12501268 Friedrich I son of Hermann VI
12881291 Hermann VII son of Rudolf I; in Pforzheim-Eberstein
& 12881295 Rudolf II son of Rudolf I; in Durlach-Durmersheim
& 12881297 Hesso son of Rudolf I; in Durlach-Besigheim
& 12881332 Rudolf III son of Rudolf I
12911333 Friedrich II son of Hermann VII; in Eberstein
& 12911348
& 12911300
12971335
13331353
13481353
& 13481361
13531372
13721391
& 13721431
14311453
14531454
& 14531458
& 14531475
14751488
& 14751515
& 14751517
15151535
& 15151533
& 15151535
12121231
12311289
12891330
1330c.1369
c.13691386
& c.13691411
& c.1369c.1410
c.14101415
12891313
1313c.1320
& 13131356
& 13131387
13561428
14281441
14411445
& 14411487
14871503
15351536
Rudolf IV son of Hermann VII; in Pforzheim

Hermann VIII son of Hermann VII; in Grtzingen
Rudolf Hesso son of Hesso; in Durlach-Besigheim
Hermann IX son of Friedrich II; in Eberstein
Friedrich III, the Peaceful son of Rudolf IV; in Bade
Rudolf V, the Waker son of Rudolf IV; in Pforzheim
Rudolf VI, the Tall son of Friedrich III; in Bade 1353, in Pforzheim 1361
Rudolf VII son of Rudolf VI; , in Pforzheim 1372, in Bade 1380
Bernhard I son of Rudolf VI; in Bade 1372, in Durlach 1380, in Pforzheim 1391
Jakob I son of Bernhard I
Georg son of Jakob I; abdicated, died 1484
Bernhard II, the Blessed son of Jakob I; in Pforzheim-Eberstein
Karl I son of Jakob I; in Durlach 1453, in Pforzehim-Eberstein 1458
Albrecht son of Karl I; in Hachberg 1482
Christoph I son of Karl I; in Bade 1482, in Hachberg 1488; abdicated, died 1527
Friedrich IV son of Karl I; bishop of Utrecht since 1496
Bernhard III son of Christoph I; to Bade-Bade 15351536
Philipp I son of Christoph I
Ernst son of Christoph I; to Bade-Durlach 15351552, died 1553
(division into Bade-Bade and Bade-Durlach 1535)
Margraves of Bade in Hachberg
Heinrich I son of margrave Hermann IV of Bade
Heinrich II son of Heinrich I; abdicated, died 1297
Heinrich III son of Heinrich II
Heinrich IV son of Heinrich III
Otto I son of Heinrich IV; associated 1364
Johann son of Heinrich IV
Hesso son of Heinrich IV
Otto II son of Hesso; sold margraviate, died 1418
(to Bade 1415)
Margraves of Bade in Sausenberg
Rudolf I son of margrave Heinrich II of Bade-Hachberg
Heinrich son of Rudolf I
Rudolf II son of Rudolf I
Otto son of Rudolf I
Rudolf III son of Rudolf II
+ Rudolf son of Rudolf III; associated 13931420
Wilhelm son of Rudolf III; abdicated, died 1482
Hugo son of Wilhelm
Rudolf IV son of Wilhelm
Philipp son of Rudolf IV
(to Bade 1503)
Margraves of Bade in Bade
Bernhard III son of margrave Christoph I of Bade; previously there
15361569
& 15371556
15691588
15881596
15961622
16221677
16771707
17071761
17611771
Philibert son of Bernhard III

Christoph II posthumous son of Bernhard III; to Sponheim-Rodemachern 15561575
Philipp II son of Philibert
Eduard Fortunatus son of Christoph II; deposed; in Sponheim-Rodemachern 15751600
(to Bade-Durlach)
Wilhelm son of Eduard Fortunatus; in Rodemachern 16001622
+ Hermann son of Eduard Fortunatus; in Rodemachern 16221665
+ Karl Wilhelm son of Hermann; in Rodemachern 16651666
Ludwig Wilhelm son of Ferdinand Maximilian, son of Wilhelm
Ludwig Georg son of Ludwig Wilhelm
August Georg son of Ludwig Wilhelm
(to Bade-Durlach 1771)
15351552
15521553
& 15521577
15771604
& 15771590
& 15771622
15901591
16221659
16591677
16771709
17091738
17381803
Margraves of Bade in Durlach

Ernst son of margrave Christoph I of Bade; previously there; abdicated, died 1553
Bernhard IV son of Ernst
Karl II son of Ernst
Ernst Friedrich son of Karl II
Jakob II son of Karl II
Georg Friedrich son of Karl II; abdicated, died 1638
Ernst Jakob posthumous son of Jakob II
Friedrich V son of Georg Friedrich
Friedrich VI son of Friedrich V
Friedrich Magnus son of Friedrich VI
Karl Wilhelm son of Friedrich Magnus
Karl Friedrich son of Friedrich, son of Karl Wilhelm; elector 18031806, then grand
duke 18061811
18031811
18111818
18181830
18301852
18521856
18561907
19071918
Electors and Grand Dukes of Bade

Karl Friedrich margrave of Bade-Durlach 17381803; elector 1803, grand duke 1806
Karl I son of Karl Ludwig, son of Karl Friedrich
Ludwig I son of Karl Friedrich
Leopold I son of Karl Friedrich
Ludwig II son of Leopold I; deposed, died 1858
Friedrich I son of Leopold I; regent since 1852
Friedrich II son of Friedrich I; deposed, died 1928
(republic; to Germany 1918)
BAR
The county of Bar belonged to Upper Lorraine, and its counts served as dukes in 9771033 and from 1480. A
French-speaking territory, it maintained strong ties with the neighboring kingdom of France, and several rulers
of Bar fought for the French king, for example at Bouvines in 1214 and at Agincourt in 1415. The rulers of Bar
also regularly participated in the Crusades and several lost their lives abroad. In 1301 most of Bars territory
west of the Meuse, including the capital Bar-le-Duc, became a French fief; the remainder of the county, however,
remained vassal to the Holy Roman Empire. The count of Bar was raised to duke of Bar and margrave of Pont-Mousson in 1354. In 1480 Bar entered into a permanent personal union with the duchy of Lorraine. After
several French occupations in the 17th century, Bar was annexed by France in 1766.
Counts and Dukes of Bar

House of Wigerich
c.950978
9781027
Frdric I son of count palatine Wigerich of Lorraine; Upper Lorraine 959978

Thierry I son of Frdric I; also Upper Lorraine
+ Frdric II son of Thierry I; associated 10191026; also Upper Lorraine
10271033 Frdric III son of Frdric II; also Upper Lorraine
10331093 Sophie daughter of Frderic II
& 10381073 Louis I married Sophie; son of count Richwin of Scarpone
Mousson House of Montbliard-Ferrette
10931105 Thierry II son of Louis I and Sophie
11051149 Renaud I, the One-Eyed son of Thierry II
11491170 Renaud II son of Renaud I
11701190 Henri I son of Renaud II
11901214 Thibaut I son of Renaud II
12141239 Henri II son of Thibaut I
12401291 Thibaut II son of Henri II
12911302 Henri III son of Thibaut II
13021336 douard I son of Henri III
13361344 Henri IV son of douard I
13441352 douard II son of Henri IV
13521411 Robert son of Henri IV; duke of Bar and of Pont--Mousson 1354
14111415 douard III son of Robert
14151430 Louis II son of Robert; bishop of Poitiers 13911395, of Langres 13971413, of Chlons
14131420, of Verdun 14191423 and 14241430
Valois House of Anjou
14301480 Ren I, the Good son of duke Louis II of Anjou by Yolanda, daughter of king Juan I of
Aragn by Yolande, daughter of Robert; Naples 14351442
1480 Yolande daughter of Ren I; abdicated, died 1483
(to Lorraine 1480; to France 1635; to Lorraine 1641; to France 1641; to Lorraine 1659; to
France 1670; to Lorraine 1697; to France 1766)
BAVARIA (BAYERN)
The old tribal duchy of the Baiovari fell within the sphere of Frankish influence and was annexed by the Franks
in 788. Thereafter Bavaria formed an important Carolingian sub-kingdom and, together with neighboring
Franconia, became the core of the future East Frankish (German) kingdom. By the mid 890s Bavaria was under
the control of margrave Liutpold, whose son Arnulf became duke in 909, and claimed royal status in about 911
920. The dukes of the Liutpolding House were gradually replaced by a series of relatives and appointees of the
German kings, and on occasion by the kings themselves. From 1070 the ducal throne was virtually monopolized
by the Este branch of the Welf family, which came into conflict with its royal suzerains and was permanently
deposed in 1180. The duchy was then transformed into a hereditary fief of the House of Wittelsbach, which
descended from the Liutpoldings. The Wittelsbach dukes of Bavaria became electors of the Holy Roman
Empire in 1623 (replacing their cousins in the Rhine Palatinate), and Karl Albert was elected emperor 1742
1745. On the extinction of this branch of the Wittelsbach dynasty, Bavaria passed to the electors of the
Palatinate. In 1805 the elector Maximilian IV Joseph became king of Bavaria as Maximilian I. In 1871 the
kingdom joined the German Empire, with Mad king Ludwig II supporting its creation and securing a
privileged treatment for the kingdom of Bavaria within it. The monarchy was abolished in 1918, as elsewhere
throughout Germany.
Dukes of Bavaria
Liutpolding House of Bavaria
895907 Liutpold margrave in Bavaria and Carinthia
907937 Arnulf, the Bad son of Liutpold; in exile 914917
937938 Eberhard son of Arnulf; deposed, died c.940
938947 Berthold son of Liutpold
947955 Heinrich I husband of Judith, daughter of Arnulf; son of king Heinrich I of Germany
955976 Heinrich II, the Wrangler son of Heinrich I; deposed
976982 Otto I son of duke Liudolf of Swabia, son of emperor Otto I, brother of Heinrich I
Liutpolding House of Bavaria
982985 Heinrich III son of Berthold; deposed, died 989
985995 Heinrich II, the Wrangler restored
9951004 Heinrich IV, the Holy 15 son of Heinrich II; abdicated, German king 10021024
House of Luxembourg
10041009 Heinrich V son of count Siegfried of Luxembourg; deposed
10091017 Heinrich IV, the Holy restored; abdicated, German king 10021024
House of Luxembourg
10171026 Heinrich V restored
10271042 Heinrich VI, the Black son of emperor Konrad II; abdicated, German king 10391056
House of Luxembourg
10421047 Heinrich VII son of count Friedrich I of Luxembourg, brother of Heinrich V
10471049 Heinrich VI, the Black restored; abdicated, German king 10391056
Ezzonid House of Lorraine
10491053 Konrad I son of count Liudolf of Ztphen, brother of duke Otto II of Swabia; deposed, died 1055
10531055 Heinrich VIII son of Heinrich VI; replaced; German king 10561105
1055 Konrad II, the Child son of Heinrich VI
10561061 Agnes (of Poitiers) widow of Heinrich VI; daughter of duke Guillaume V of Aquitaine;
abdicated, died 1077
House of Northeim
10611070 Otto II son of count Benno of Northeim; deposed, died 1083
Welf House of Este
10701077 Welf I husband of Ethelind, daughter of Otto II; son of marquis Azzo II of Este; deposed
10771096 Heinrich VIII restored; abdicated; German king 10561105, died 1106
Welf House of Este
10961101 Welf I restored
11011120 Welf II, the Fat son of Welf I
11201126 Heinrich IX, the Black son of Welf I
11261138 Heinrich X, the Proud son of Heinrich IX; deposed, died 1139
Babenberg House of Austria
11391141 Leopold son of margrave Leopold III of Austria by Agnes, daughter of Heinrich VIII
15

11411143 Konrad III son of duke Friedrich I of Swabia by Agnes, daughter of Heinrich VIII;
German king 11381152
11431156 Heinrich XI, Jasomirgott brother of Leopold; replaced, died 1177
Welf House of Este
11561180 Heinrich XII, the Lion son of Heinrich X; deposed, died 1195
(to the Wittelsbach dukes of Bavaria 1180)
Wittelsbach Dukes of Bavaria
House of Wittelsbach
11801183 Otto I son of count Otto IV of Wittelsbach
11831231 Ludwig I, of Kelheim son of Otto I
12311253 Otto II, the Illustrious son of Ludwig I
12531255 Ludwig II, the Strict son of Otto II; to Upper Bavaria 12551294
& 12531255 Heinrich I son of Otto II; to Lower Bavaria 12551290
(division into Upper Bavaria and Lower Bavaria 1255)
12551294
12941317
& 12941347
13471361
& 13471349
& 13471365
& 13471349
& 13471349
& 13471379
13611363
12551290
12901312
& 12901296
& 12901310
13101339
& 13101334
13121333
13391340
13401349
13491353
& 13491389
& 13491404
14041417
Dukes in Upper Bavaria

Ludwig II, the Strict son of duke Otto II of Bavaria; Bavaria 12531255
Rudolf, the Stammerer son of Ludwig II; deposed, died 1319
Ludwig IV, the Bavarian son of Ludwig II; German king 13141347; united Bavaria 1340
Ludwig V, the Elder son of Ludwig IV; in Upper Bavaria 1349
Stephan II son of Ludwig IV; to Bavaria-Straubing 13491353, Bavaria-Landshut 13531375
Ludwig VI, the Roman son of Ludwig IV; in Upper Bavaria 1349
Wilhelm I, the Mad son of Ludwig IV; to Bavaria-Straubing 13491389
Albrecht I son of Ludwig IV; to Bavaria-Straubing 13491404
Otto V, the Indolent son of Ludwig IV; in Upper Bavaria 1349
Meinhard son of Ludwig V
(to Bavaria-Landshut 1363)
Dukes in Lower Bavaria
Heinrich I son of duke Otto II of Bavaria; Bavaria 12531255
Otto III son of Heinrich I
Ludwig III son of Heinrich I
Stephan I son of Heinrich I
Heinrich II, the Elder son of Stephan I
Otto IV son of Stephan I
Heinrich III, of Natternberg son of Otto III
Johann I, the Child son of Heinrich II
(to Upper Bavaria 1340)
Dukes of Bavaria in Straubing
Stephan II son of duke Ludwig IV of Upper Bavaria; to Bavaria-Landshut 13531375
Wilhelm I, the Fool brother of Stephan II; Straubing 1353
Albrecht I brother of Stephan II; Straubing 1353
+ Albrecht II, the Younger son of Albrecht I; associated 13911397
Wilhelm II son of Albrecht I; associated 1394
14171425
13531375
13751392
& 13751393
& 13751392
13931450
14501479
14791503
15031504
13921413
14131441
14411445
13921397
13971438
& 13971435
14381460
14601463
& 14601467
& 14601508
15081550
& 15081545
15501579
15791597
15971623
Johann III, the Pitiless son of Albrecht I; bishop of Lige until 1418
(to Bavaria-Munich 1425)
Dukes of Bavaria in Landshut
Stephan II son of duke Ludwig IV of Upper Bavaria; Bavaria 13471349, Straubing 13491353
Stephan III son of Stephan II; to Bavaria-Ingolstadt 13921413
Friedrich, the Wise son of Stephan II; Landshut 1392
Johann II, the Meek son of Stephan II; to Bavaria-Munich 13921397
Heinrich IV, the Rich son of Friedrich
Ludwig IX, the Rich son of Heinrich IV
Georg, the Rich son of Ludwig IX
Ruprecht, the Virtuous husband of Elisabeth, daughter of Georg; son of elector Philipp of
the Palatinate
(to Bavaria-Munich 1504)
Dukes of Bavaria in Ingolstadt
Stephan III son of duke Stephan II of Bavaria-Landshut; Landshut 13751392
Ludwig VII, the Bearded son of Stephan III; deposed, died 1447
Ludwig VIII, the Hunchback son of Ludwig VII
(to Bavaria-Landshut 1445)
Dukes of Bavaria in Munich (Mnchen)
Johann II, the Meek son of duke Stephan II of Bavaria-Landshut; Landshut 13751392
Ernst, the Forceful son of Johann II
Wilhelm III son of Johann II
Albrecht III, the Pious son of Ernst
Johann IV, the Truthful son of Albrecht III; in Munich
Sigismund, the Generous son of Albrecht III; in Dachau; abdicated, died 1501
Albrecht IV, the Wise son of Albrecht III
Wilhelm IV, the Steadfast son of Albrecht IV; in Munich
Ludwig X son of Albrecht IV; in Landshut
Albrecht V, the Magnificent son of Wilhelm IV
Wilhelm V, the Pious son of Albrecht V; abdicated, died 1626
Maximilian son of Wilhelm V; elector 16231651
Electors of Bavaria
16231651 Maximilian I former duke of Bavaria 15971623
16511679 Ferdinand Maria son of Maximilian I
16791704 Maximilian II Emanuel son of Ferdinand Maria; deposed; Luxembourg 17121714
17041714 (to the Empire)
17141726 Maximilian II Emanuel restored
17261745 Karl Albert son of Maximilian II; emperor 17421745
17451777 Maximilian III Joseph son of Karl Albert
Line of Palatinate-Sulzbach
17771799 Karl Theodor son of duke Johann Christian of Sulzbach, son of duke Theodor, son of duke
Christian, son of duke August, son of duke Philipp Ludwig of Neuburg, son of duke
Wolfgang of Zweibrcken, son of duke Ludwig II, son of duke Alexander, son of duke
Ludwig I, son of duke Stephan of Simmern, son of king Ruprecht, son of elector Ruprecht II
of the Palatinate, son of Adolf, son of duke Rudolf of Upper Bavaria

Line of Palatinate-Zweibrcken
17991805 Maximilian IV Joseph son of Friedrich Michael, son of duke Christian III of Zweibrcken, son
of duke Christian II of Birkenfeld, son of duke Christian I, son of duke Karl, son of duke
Wolfgang of Zweibrcken, son of duke Ludwig II, son of duke Alexander, son of duke Ludwig I,
son of duke Stephan of Simmern, son of king Ruprecht, son of elector Ruprecht II of the
Palatinate, son of Adolf, son of duke Rudolf of Upper Bavaria; king of Bavaria 18051825
18051825
18251848
18481864
18641886
18861913
19131918
Kings of Bavaria
Maximilian I former elector of Bavaria 17991805
Ludwig I son of Maximilian I; abdicated, died 1868
Maximilian II son of Ludwig I
Ludwig II son of Maximilian II
Otto I son of Maximilian II; deposed, died 1916
Ludwig III son of Luitpold,16 son of Ludwig I; regent since 1912; deposed, died 1921
BENTHEIM
On the death of Otto II of Northeim, his sister Gertrud brought the county of Bentheim in northwestern
Germany to her husband Otto of Salm. Their daughter Sophie brought the county to her husband, Dirk VI of
Holland, who left it to his son Otto I. In 1421 the county passed to the House of Gtterswick, which also
acquired the counties of Steinfurt and Tecklenburg by marriage. These fiefs were repeatedly divided, reunited,
and exchanged among members of the family. Bentheim passed to the younger surviving line in Steinfurt in
1803 but the family was mediatized in favor of Berg in 1806 and Hanover in 1813.
Counts of Bentheim
House of Holland
:1176c.1208 Otto I son of count Dirk VI of Holland by Sophie of Bentheim
c.1208c.1248 Balduin, the Brave son of Otto I
c.1248c.1279 Otto II son of Balduin
c.1279c.1311 Ekbert son of Otto II
c.1311c.1333 Johann son of Ekbert
c.13331344 Simon son of Johann
13441364 Otto III son of Johann; abdicated, died 1379
13641421 Bernhard I son of Johann
House of Gtterswick
14211454 Eberwin I son of Arnold III of Gtterswick, son of Eberwin IV by Hedwig, daughter of
Johann
14541473 Bernhard II son of Eberwin I
14731530 Eberwin II, the Wise son of Bernhard II
+ Bernhard son of Eberwin II; associated c.15231528
15301553 Arnold I son of count Eberwin II of Steinfurt, son of count Arnold I, son of Eberwin I;
husband of Maria, daughter of Eberwin II
15531562 Eberwin III son of Arnold I
15621606 Arnold II son of Eberwin III
16061643 Arnold Jobst son of Arnold II
16
Luitpold was regent of Bavaria 18861912.
16431693
16931701
17011723
17231803
18031806
18061813
1813
+ Konrad Gumprecht son of Arnold II; in Hohenlimburg 16061619

+ Friedrich Ludwig son of Arnold II; in Alpen 16061629
Ernst Wilhelm son of Arnold Jobst
Arnold Moritz Wilhelm son of count Philipp Konrad of Steinfurt, son of Arnold Jobst
Hermann Friedrich son of Arnold Moritz Wilhelm; deposed, died 1731
Friedrich Karl Philipp son of Hermann Friedrich; mortgaged Bentheim to Hanover
Ludwig son of count Karl Paul Ernst of Steinfurt, son of count Friedrich Karl, son of
count Ernst, son of Ernst Wilhelm; deposed
(to Berg)
Ludwig restored; mediatized, died 1817
(to Hanover 1813; to Prussia 1866)
BERG
The county of Berg on the Lower Rhine belonged to the duchy of Lower Lorraine, and its counts capitalized on
their strategic location to become the leading comital dynasty of the region. On the extinction of the direct
male line of counts, Berg passed to the House of Limburg by marriage. The county entered into a personal
union with nearby Jlich in 1348, and Berg was promoted to a duchy in 1380. Jlich and Berg passed by
inheritance to the dukes of Cleves and counts of Mark in 1521, producing an agglomeration of secular
principalities dominating the Lower Rhine alongside the extensive possessions of the ecclesiastical principalities
of Cologne, Lige, and Mnster. The extinction of the ducal line in 1609 led to a dispute over its lands between
the Wittlesbach House of the Palatinate-Neuburg and the Hohenzollern House of Brandenburg. The Treaty of
Xanten in 1614, allotted Berg and Jlich to the Palatinate (and later Bavaria). In 1806 Berg was turned over to
the French, who installed Napolon Is brother-in-law Joachim Murat as the grand duke of Berg, with
jurisdiction significantly larger than that of the old duchy of Berg. When Joachim was sent to Italy as king of
Naples, Berg was turned over to Napolons nephew Louis, but the grand duchy of Berg was terminated by the
Congress of Vienna, which turned the territory over to Prussia in 1815.
Counts of Berg
Hvel House of Berg
11011106 Adolf I son of count Adolf III of Hvel by Adelheid, daughter of count Rtger II of
Cleves
11061160 Adolf II son of Adolf I; abdicated, died 1170
11601161 Eberhard son of Adolf II; to Altena 11611180 (line continued in Mark)
& 11601189 Engelbert I son of Adolf II
11891218 Adolf III son of Engelbert I
12181225 Engelbert II, the Holy son of Engelbert I; archbishop of Cologne 12201225
Arlon House of Limburg
12251246 Heinrich husband of Irmgard, daughter of Adolf III; son of count Walram III of Limburg
12461259 Adolf IV son of Heinrich
12591296 Adolf V son of Adolf IV
12961308 Wilhelm I son of Adolf IV
13081348 Adolf VI son of Heinrich of Windeck, son of Adolf IV
Hengebach House of Jlich
13481360 Gerhard husband of Margarete, daughter of count Otto IV of Ravensberg by Margarete,
sister of Adolf VI; son of duke Wilhelm I of Jlich
13601380 Wilhelm II son of Gerhard; duke 13801408
Dukes of Berg
13801408 Wilhelm I former count of Berg 13601380
14081437 Adolf son of Wilhelm II
14371475 Gerhard son of count Wilhelm of Ravensberg, son of Wilhelm I
14751511 Wilhelm II son of Gerhard
15111539 Johann, the Peaceable husband of Maria, daughter of Wilhelm II; son of duke Johann II
of Cleves
15391592 Wilhelm III, the Rich son of Johann
15921609 Johann Wilhelm son of Wilhelm III; bishop of Mnster 15741585
16091803 (divided between Brandenburg and the Palatinate-Neuburg 1609; to the PalatinateNeuburg 1614, united with the Palatinate 1685, and with Bavaria 1777)
Wittlesbach House of the Palatinate-Zweibrcken-Birkenfeld-Gelnhausen
18031806 Wilhelm son of duke Johann of Birkenfeld; replaced, died 1837
Grand Dukes of Berg
House of Murat
18061808
House of Bonaparte
18091813
Joachim husband of Caroline, sister of emperor Napolon I of the French; son of Pierre Murat;
to Naples 18081815
Napoleon Ludwig son of king Lodwijk I of Holland, brother of emperor Napolon I of the
French; king of Holland 1810; replaced, died 1831
(to France 1813; to Prussia 1815)
BLANKENHEIM and GEROLSTEIN
Squeezed in-between the lands of Luxembourg, Jlich, and Trier, the lordships of Blankenheim and Gerolstein
(Geroldstein) were promoted to a county in 1404. The extinction of the comital male line a mere two years
later brought the county to the House of Sponheim-Heinsberg, and then to that of neighboring Manderscheid.
The latter divided into several branches, including the two of Gerolstein and Blankenheim, which reunited
under the latter in 1697. When the male line became extinct in 1780, the county passed to the Bohemian
House of Sternberg, which lost its possessions to France in 1801. Compensated with the secularized abbeys of
Schssenried and Weissenau in 1803, it was mediatized in favor of Wrttemberg in 1806.
Counts of Blankenheim and Gerolstein
House of Blankenheim
14041406 Gerhard I son of Gerhard of Blankenheim; count 1404
House of Sponheim
14061438 Wilhelm I husband of Elisabeth, daughter of Gerhard I; son of count Johann II of
Heinsberg
14381460 Gerhard II son of Wilhelm I
14601468 Wilhelm II son of Gerhard II
House of Manderscheid
14681488 Dietrich husband of Elisabeth, daughter of Johann II of Schleien by Johanna, daughter
of Gerhard I; son of Dietrich II of Manderscheid; abdicated, died 1498
14881524 Johann I son of Dietrich
15241533 Johann II son of Johann I
(division into Gerolstein and Blankenheim 1533)
15331548
15481611
16111649
16491671
16711697
15241548
15481604
16041614
16141644
16441694
16941731
17311772
17721780
House of Sternberg
17801798
17981801
Counts of Manderscheid in Gerolstein

Gerhard son of count Johann I of Blankenheim and Gerolstein
Johann Gerhard son of Gerhard
Karl son of Johann Gerhard
Ferdinand Ludwig son of Karl
Karl Ferdinand son of Ferdinand Ludwig
(to Manderscheid-Blankenheim 1697)
Counts of Manderscheid in Blankenheim
Arnold I son of count Johann I of Blankenheim and Gerolstein
Hermann son of Arnold I
Arnold II son of Arnold I
Johann Arnold son of Arnold II
Salentin Ernst son of Johann Arnold; abdicated, died 1705
Franz Georg son of Salentin Ernst; inherited Gerolstein 1697
Johann Wilhelm Franz son of Franz Georg; inherited Manderscheid 1742
Joseph Franz son of Franz Georg
Christian Philipp husband of Augusta, daughter of Johann Wilhelm Franz; son of
count Franz Philipp of Sternberg
Franz Joseph son of Christian Philipp; deposed; Schssenried and Weissenau 18031806;
mediatized, died 1830
(Blankenheim and Geroldstein to France 1801; to Prussia 1815; Schssenried and
Weissenau to Wrttemberg 1806)
BRABANT
The counts of Louvain in Lower Lorraine were descended from the counts of Hainault and from the
Carolingians. In the late 11th century they were promoted to landgraves of Brabant, and in the early 12th
century competed with the counts of Limburg for the ducal throne of Lower Lorraine. Although the family
won the contest, the duchy itself was already largely dissolved, and in 1183 Hendrik the Warrior was invested as
duke of Lothier or Brabant. While the ducal title was associated with that of Lower Lorraine, the dukes actual
possessions were primarily the landgraviate of Brabant and the mark of Antwerp. In 1288 the duchy of Brabant
absorbed the rival duchy of Limburg and became one of the largest principalities in the Low Countries. In the
15th century it passed by inheritance to the House of Burgundy and then to the House of Habsburg. Brabant
later became part of the Spanish Netherlands, and then of the Austrian Netherlands in 1713. Occupied by
France in 1794, it was ceded to the Netherlands in 1815, and became the central part of Belgium in 1830.
Counts of Louvain (Lwen) and Landgraves of Brabant
House of Hainault
9941015
10151038
10381039
10391054
10541078
10781095
10951128
17
Lambert I, the Bearded son of count Rgnier III of Hainault

Hendrik I, the Old son of Lambert I
Otto son of Hendrik I; deposed, died 1039:
Lambert II, 17 the Chained son of Lambert I
Hendrik II, the Chained son of Lambert II
Hendrik III son of Hendrik II; landgrave of Brabant 1085
Godfried I, the Bearded son of Hendrik II; duke of Lower Lorraine 11061128
Originally named Balderich.
11281141
11411190
Godfried II, the Younger son of Godfried I; duke of Lower Lorraine 11391141
Godfried III, the Brave son of Godfried I; duke of Lower Lorraine 11411190
Dukes of Brabant
11831235 Hendrik I, the Warrior son of Godfried III; duke of Brabant
12351248 Hendrik II, the Magnanimous son of Hendrik I
12481261 Hendrik III, the Kind son of Hendrik II
12611267 Hendrik IV son of Hendrik III; deposed, died 1272:
12671294 Jan I, the Victorious son of Hendrik III
12941312 Jan II, the Pacific son of Jan I
13121355 Jan III, the Triumphant son of Jan II
13551406 Johanna daughter of Jan III
& 13551383 Wenceslaus of Luxembourg husband of Johanna; son of king Jan of Bohemia
Valois House of Burgundy
14061415 Anton son of duke Philippe II of Burgundy by countess Marguerite III of Flanders,
daughter of count Louis II by Margaretha, daughter of Jan III
14151427 Jan IV son of Anton
14271430 Filips I son of Anton
14301467 Filips II, the Good son of duke Jean II of Burgundy, brother of Anton
14671477 Karel I, the Rash son of Filips II
14771482 Maria daughter of Karel I
House of Habsburg (Austria)
14821506 Filips III, the Handsome son of Maria by emperor Maximilian I; Castile 15041506
15061549 Karel II son of Filips III; abdicated; Castile 15061556; Aragn and Sicily 15161556;
Naples 15161554; Empire 15191558
(to the Spanish Netherlands 1549; to France 1794; to the Netherlands 1815; to Belgium 1830)
BRANDENBURG-PRUSSIA (PREUSSEN)
Brandenburg originally belonged to the Saxon North March (Nordmark). In 1157 margrave Albrecht the Bear
took the title of margrave of Brandenburg. On the extinction of the Ascanian House in 1320, emperor
Ludwig IV invested his own son with the march, which thus passed to the House of Wittelsbach. The
Wittelsbach margrave of Brandenburg became an elector of the Holy Roman Empire in 1356, but in 1373
elector Otto abdicated in favor of emperor Karl IV. The emperor invested his own son Sigismund with the
electorate, which thus passed to the House of Luxemburg. In 1415 elector Sigismund, now emperor, appointed
Friedrich I of Hohenzollern as margrave, and in 1417 also as elector. The indivisibility of the electorate greatly
enhanced the power and wealth of the Hohenzollerns, but junior members of the family were invested with the
Franconian principalities of Bayreuth-Kulmbach and Ansbach, until these territories passed back to
Brandenburg-Prussia in 1791. The Hohenzollern electors inherited the duchy of Prussia in 1618, and from
1701 obtained the title king in Prussia (i.e., outside the frontiers of the Holy Roman Empire), changed in
1772 to king of Prussia. In 1871 king Wilhelm I of Prussia became German emperor and the cornerstone
power in the new German empire. His two successors retained the dual status of kings of Prussia and German
emperors, until the end of the monarchy in 1918.
Ascanian Margraves of Brandenburg
Ascanian House of Ballenstedt
11341170 Albrecht I, the Bear son of count Otto of Ballenstedt; margrave of Brandenburg 1157
11701184 Otto I son of Albrecht I
11841205 Otto II, the Liberal son of Otto I
12051220
12201259
& 12201259
12591266
12661281
& 12661308
& 12661304
& 12661318
13041305
& 13041319
13181320
12591267
12671268
& 12671299
& 12671300
& 12671286
12991308
13081317
Albrecht II son of Otto I

Johann I son of Albrecht II; to Brandenburg-Stendal 12591266
Otto III, the Pious son of Albrecht II; to Brandenburg-Salzwedel 12591267
(division into Brandenburg-Stendal and Brandenburg-Salzwedel 1259)
Margraves of Brandenburg in Stendal
Johann I son of margrave Albrecht II of Brandenburg; Brandenburg 12201259
Johann II son of Johann I; in Krossen
Otto IV son of Johann I
Konrad son of Johann I; in Landsberg
Heinrich, Lackland son of Johann I
Johann IV son of Konrad; associated 1286
+ Otto VII son of Konrad; associated 12911297; abdicated, died 1308
Waldemar, the Great son of Konrad
Heinrich II son of Heinrich I
(to the Empire 13201324)
Margraves of Brandenburg in Salzwedel
Otto III, the Pious son of margrave Albrecht II of Brandenburg; Brandenburg 12201259
Johann III, the Righteous son of Otto III
Otto V, the Tall son of Otto III
Albrecht III son of Otto III; in Stargard
Otto VI, the Short son of Otto III; abdicated, died 1303
Hermann, the Tall son of Otto V; associated 1295
Johann V son of Hermann
(to Brandenburg-Stendal 1317)
Wittelsbach Margraves and Electors of Brandenburg

13241351 Ludwig I, the Elder son of emperor Ludwig IV; abdicated, died 1361
13511365 Ludwig II, the Roman brother of Ludwig I; elector from 1356
13651373 Otto, the Indolent brother of Ludwig II; abdicated, died 1379
Luxembourg Electors of Brandenburg
13731378 Wenzel son of emperor Karl IV; German king 13781400; abdicated, died 1419
13781397 Sigismund brother of Wenzel; abdicated; Hungary 13871437
+ Johann brother of Sigismund; associated 13781396
13971411 Jobst son of margrave Jan Jindich of Moravia, brother of emperor Karl IV; regent since 1393
14111417 Sigismund restored; German king 14101437; Bohemia 14191437; sold march to the
Hohenzollerns 1415, abdicated electorate 1417
Hohenzollern Margraves and Electors of Brandenburg, also Dukes of Prussia
House of Hohenzollern
14171440 Friedrich I son of burgrave Friedrich V of Nrnberg; margrave since 1415; elector 1417
14401470 Friedrich II son of Friedrich I; abdicated, died 1471
+ Friedrich, the Fat son of Friedrich I; associated as margrave in Altmark 14471463
14701486 Albrecht I, Achilles son of Friedrich I
14861499
14991535
& 14991513
15351571
15711598
15981608
16081619
16191640
16401688
16881701
17011713
17131740
17401786
17861797
17971840
18401861
18611888
1888
18881918
1248/13401440
14401464
14641486
14861495
14951536
15361557
15571603
16031655
16551712
17121726
17261735
17351763
17631769
13311486
14861536
Johann, Cicero son of Albrecht I

Joachim I, Nestor son of Johann
Albrecht II son of Johann; abdicated; bishop of Magdeburg 15131545; archbishop of
Mainz 15141545
Joachim II, Hektor son of Joachim I
+ Johann, the Wise son of Joachim I; associated as margrave in Kstrin 15351571
Johann Georg son of Joachim II
Joachim Friedrich son of Johann Georg
Johann Sigismund son of Joachim Friedrich; also duke of Prussia from 1618
Georg Wilhelm son of Johann Sigismund
Friedrich Wilhelm son of Georg Wilhelm
Friedrich III son of Friedrich Wilhelm; king in Prussia 17011713
Kings in Prussia, Kings of Prussia, also German Emperors
Friedrich I former margrave and elector of Brandenburg 16881701
Friedrich Wilhelm I son of Friedrich I
Friedrich II, the Great son of Friedrich Wilhelm I; king of Prussia 1772
Friedrich Wilhelm II son of August Wilhelm, son of Friedrich Wilhelm I
Friedrich Wilhelm III son of Friedrich Wilhelm II
Friedrich Wilhelm IV son of Friedrich Wilhelm III
Wilhelm I son of Friedrich Wilhelm III; regent since 1858; German emperor 1871
Friedrich III son of Wilhelm I; also German emperor; 99 days
Wilhelm II son of Friedrich III; also German emperor; deposed, died 1941
Margraves of Brandenburg in Bayreuth and in Kulmbach
(to the Hohenzollern burgraves of Nrnberg and electors of Brandenburg)
Johann, the Alchemist son of elector Friedrich I of Brandenburg
Albrecht I, Achilles (of Brandenburg) brother of Johann
Sigismund son of Albrecht I
Friedrich I, the Old (of Ansbach) son of Albrecht I
+ Kasimir son of Friedrich I; associated in Kulmbach 15151527
Albrecht II, Alcibiades son of Kasimir; associated in Kulmbach since 1527
Georg Friedrich son of margrave Georg of Ansbach, son of Friedrich I
Christian son of elector Johann Georg of Brandenburg
Christian Ernst son of Erdmann August, son of Christian
+ Georg Albrecht son of Christian; associated in Kulmbach 16551666
+ Christian Heinrich son of Georg Albrecht; associated in Kulmbach 16661708
Georg Wilhelm son of Christian Ernst
Georg Friedrich Karl son of Christian Heinrich; associated in Kulmbach since 1708
Friedrich II son of Georg Friedrich Karl
Friedrich Christian son of Christian Heinrich
(to Brandenburg-Ansbach 1769, to Brandeburg-Prussia 1791)
Margraves of Brandenburg in Ansbach
(to the Hohenzollern burgraves of Nrnberg and electors of Brandenburg)
Friedrich I, the Old son of elector Albrecht I of Brandenburg
15361543
15431603
16031625
16251634
16341667
16671686
16861692
16921703
17031723
17231757
17571791
Georg, the Pious son of Friedrich I

Georg Friedrich I son of Georg
Joachim Ernst son of elector Johann Georg of Brandenburg
Friedrich II son of Joachim Ernst
Albrecht son of Joachim Ernst
Johann Friedrich son of Albrecht
Christian Albrecht son of Johann Friedrich
Georg Friedrich II son of Johann Friedrich
Wilhelm Friedrich son of Johann Friedrich
Karl Wilhelm Friedrich son of Wilhelm Friedrich
Karl Alexander son of Karl Wilhelm Friedrich; abdicated, died 1806
(to Brandenburg-Prussia 1791, to Bavaria 1807)
BREISGAU (see Zhringen)
BRUNSWICK-LNEBURG (BRAUNSCHWEIG-LNEBURG)
After Heinrich the Lion of Saxony was deposed as duke of Saxony and Bavaria in 1180, he retained possession
of his personal estates and counties in Lower Saxony. These lands were united in the hands of his grandson
Otto the Child, who was granted the title of duke of Brunswick-Lneburg in 1235. The inheritance was
divided and subdivided among numerous branches of the family, with the tendency to form two major lines
centered on Brunswick and Wolfenbttel in one case and Lneburg and Celle in the other. In 1692 the duke of
Lneburg became elector of Hanover (in 1714 this line came to the throne of Great Britain, and Hanover was
promoted to kingom in 1814). The other major branch of the dynasty retained the duchy of Brunswick until it
became extinct in 1884 and was eventually inherited by the then dispossessed heir of Hanover. Both Hanover
and Brunswick entered the German Empire in 1871.
Counts in Lower Saxony
Welf House of Este
11801195
11951227
& 11951218
& 11951213
12131235
12351252
12521267
& 12521267
Heinrich I, the Lion son of duke Heinrich II of Saxony; Saxony 11421180

Heinrich II, the Tall son of Heinrich I; in Hanover
Otto I son of Heinrich I; in Brunswick; German king 11981218
Wilhelm, the Old son of Heinrich I; in Lneburg
Otto II, the Child son of Wilhelm; duke of Brunswick-Lneburg 12351252
Dukes of Brunswick-Lneburg
Otto I, the Child son of Wilhelm; former count in Lower Saxony 12131235
Albrecht I, the Great son of Otto I; to Brunswick 12671279
Johann son of Otto I; to Lneburg 12671277
(division into Brunswick and Lneburg 1267)
Dukes of Brunswick-Lneburg in Brunswick (Brunswick-Wolfenbttel)

Old Line of Brunswick-Lneburg in Brunswick
12671279 Albrecht I, the Great son of duke Otto I of Brunswick-Lneburg; 12521267
12791286 Heinrich, the Singular son of Albrecht I; to Grubenhagen 12861322
& 12791292 Wilhelm son of Albrecht I; in Wolfenbttel
12921318 Abrecht II, the Fat son of Albrecht I; associated 1279; in Gttingen 1286
13181369 Magnus I, the Pious son of Albrecht II
13691373 Magnus II, Torquatus son of Magnus I; associated 1345

13731400 Friedrich son of Magnus II
14001428 Bernhard son of Magnus II; to Lneburg 14281434
New Line of Brunswick-Lneburg in Brunswick
14281482 Wilhelm I, the Victorious son of duke Heinrich I of Lneburg, son of Magnus II
+ Heinrich, the Pacific brother of Wilhelm I; associated 14281473
14821495 Wilhelm II, the Younger son of Wilhelm I; associated 1447; abdicated, died 1503
& 14821484 Friedrich, the Turbulent son of Wilhelm I; associated 1447; to Calenberg 14841485;
died 1495
14951514 Heinrich I, the Elder son of Wilhelm II; associated 1491
15141568 Heinrich II, the Younger son of Heinrich I
15681589 Julius son of Heinrich II
15891613 Heinrich Julius son of Julius
16131634 Friedrich Ulrich son of Heinrich Julius
Line of Brunswick-Lneburg-Dannenberg
16351666 August, the Younger son of duke Heinrich of Dannenberg
16661704 Rudolf August son of August
17041714 Anton Ulrich son of August; associated 1685
17141731 August Wilhelm son of Anton Ulrich
17311735 Ludwig Rudolf son of Anton Ulrich
Line of Brunswick-Lneburg-Bevern
1735 Ferdinand Albrecht II son of duke Ferdinand Albrecht I of Bevern, son of August
17351780 Karl I son of Ferdinand Albrecht II
17801806 Karl Wilhelm Ferdinand son of Karl I
18061807 Friedrich Wilhelm son of Karl Wilhelm Ferdinand; deposed
18071813 (to Westphalia)
18131815 Friedrich Wilhelm restored
18151830 Karl II son of Friedrich Wilhelm; deposed, died 1873
18301884 Wilhelm son of Friedrich Wilhelm
18851906 (regency of Albrecht, son of Albrecht, son of king Friedrich Wilhelm III of Prussia)
19071913 (regency of Johann Albrecht, son of grand duke Friedrich Franz II of Mecklenburg-Schwerin;
resigned, died 1920)
Line of Hanover
19131918 Ernst August son of Ernst August, son of king Georg V of Hanover; deposed, died 1953
Dukes of Brunswick-Lneburg in Lneburg
Old Line of Brunswick-Lneburg in Lneburg
12671277 Johann son of duke Otto I of Brunswick-Lneburg; in Brunswick 12521267
12771330 Otto II, the Severe son of Johann
13301352 Otto III son of Otto II
& 13301369 Wilhelm son of Otto II
Ascanian House of Saxe-Wittenberg
13691385 Albrecht adopted son of Wilhelm; son of Otto of Saxe-Wittenberg 18 by Elisabeth,
daughter of Wilhelm
13851388 Wenzel son of duke Rudolf I of Saxe-Wittenberg, father of Otto, father of Albrecht (above)
18
Otto was the son of duke Rudolf I of Saxe-Wittenberg.
Middle Line of Brunswick-Lneburg in Lneburg

13881409 Bernhard I son of duke Magnus II of Brunswick; abdicated
& 13881416 Heinrich I, the Mild brother of Bernhard I
14161428 Wilhelm I, the Victorious son of Heinrich I; to Calenberg 14321482
& 14161428 Heinrich II, the Younger son of Heinrich I; to Brunswick 14281473
14281434 Bernhard I restored
14341441 Friedrich I, the Pious son of Bernhard I; abdicated
& 14341446 Otto I, the Lame son of Bernhard I; associated 1428
14461457 Friedrich I, the Pious restored; abdicated, died 1478
14571464 Bernhard II son of Friedrich I
& 14571471 Otto II, the Magnanimous son of Friedrich I
14711520 Heinrich III, the Middle son of Otto II; abdicated, died 1532
15201527 Otto III son of Heinrich III; to Harburg 15271549
& 15201546 Ernst I, the Confessor son of Heinrich III
& 15361539 Franz son of Heinrich III; to Gifhorn 15391549
15461559 Franz Otto son of Ernst I
& 15461559 Heinrich IV son of Ernst I; to Dannenberg 15591598
15591592 Wilhelm II, the Pious son of Ernst I; associated since 1546
15921611 Ernst II son of Wilhelm II
16111633 Christian son of Wilhelm II; associated 1592
16331636 August, the Elder son of Wilhelm II; associated 1592
16361648 Friedrich II son of Wilhelm II; associated 1592
New Line of Brunswick-Lneburg in Lneburg (Celle)
16481665 Christian Ludwig son of duke Georg of Calenberg, son of Wilhelm II
1665 Johann Friedrich brother of Christian Ludwig; to Calenberg 16651679
16651705 Georg Wilhelm brother of Christian Ludwig
(to Hanover 1705)
12861322
13221351
& 13221361
13611383
13831427
14271464
& 14271466
& 14271485
14641526
14851551
& 14851532
Dukes of Brunswick-Lneburg in Grubenhagen

Heinrich I, the Singular son of duke Albrecht I of Brunswick; in Brunswick 12791286
Heinrich II, the Greek son of Heinrich I
Ernst I son of Heinrich I; in Einbeck 1324
+ Wilhelm son of Heinrich I; associated 13221360; in Osterode and Herzberg 1324
+ Johann son of Heinrich I; associated 13221325; abdicated, died 1367
+ Otto I son of Heinrich II; associated 13511376; abdicated, died 1399
Albrecht II son of Ernst I; in Salzderhelden
+ Johann son of Ernst I; associated 13611364; abdicated, died 1401
+ Ernst son of Ernst I; associated 13611383; abdicated, died c.1401
+ Friedrich son of Ernst I; associated 13611421 in Osterode and Herzberg
Erich I son of Albrecht II; in Salzderhelden
+ Otto II son of Friedrich; associated 14211452 in Osterode and Herzberg
Heinrich III son of Erich I
Ernst II son of Erich I; in Einbeck
Albrecht III son of Erich I; in Osterode
Philipp I son of Albrecht III
Erich II son of Albrecht III; bishop of Padeborn and Osnabrck from 1508
15511567
15671595
15951596
12861318
13181344
& 13181367
13671394
13941442
Ernst III son of Philipp I

+ Johann son of Philipp I; associated 15511557
Wolfgang son of Philipp I; associated 1551
Philipp II son of Philipp I; associated 1551
(to Lneburg 1596)
Dukes of Brunswick-Lneburg in Gttingen
Albrecht II, the Fat son of duke Albrecht I of Brunswick; Brunswick 12791286
Otto I, the Liberal son of Albrecht II
Ernst I son of Albrecht II
+ Ernst II son of Ernst I; associated 13551363
+ Albrecht III son of Ernst I; associated c.1360?1363
Otto II, the Bad son of Ernst I
Otto III, the One-Eyed son of Otto II; deposed, died 1463
(to Brunswick 1442, to Calenberg 1463)
Dukes of Brunswick-Lneburg in Calenberg

Line of Brunswick-Lneburg in Calenberg
14321482 Wilhelm I, the Victorious son of duke Heinrich I of Lneburg; Lneburg 14161428
14821484 Wilhelm II, the Younger son of Wilhelm I; associated 1447; abdicated
14841485 Friedrich, the Turbulent son of Wilhelm I; associated 1447; deposed, died 1495
14851495 Wilhelm II, the Younger restored; abdicated, died 1503
14951540 Erich I son of Wilhelm II
15401584 Erich II son of Erich I
15841635 (to Brunswick)
New Line of Brunswick-Lneburg in Calenberg
16351641 Georg son of duke Wilhelm II of Lneburg
16411648 Christian Ludwig son of Georg; to Lneburg (Celle) 16481665
16681665 Georg Wilhelm son of Georg; to Lneburg (Celle) 16651705
16651679 Johann Wilhelm son of Georg; in Lneburg (Celle) 1665
16791692 Ernst August son of Georg; elector of Hanover 16921698
(to Hanover 1692)
15271549
15491603
16031642
& 16031606
& 16031641
15271546
15461592
15921611
16111633
16331636
16361648
Dukes of Brunswick-Lneburg in Harburg and Moisburg

Otto I son of duke Heinrich III of Lneburg; Lneburg 15201527
Otto II son of Otto I
Wilhelm August son of Otto II
Christoph son of Otto II
Otto III son of Otto II
(to Lneburg 1642)
Dukes of Brunswick-Lneburg in Celle
Ernst I, the Confessor son of duke Heinrich III of Lneburg; Lneburg 15201527
Wilhelm, the Pious son of Ernst I
Ernst II son of Wilhelm
Christian son of Wilhelm; associated 1592
August son of Wilhelm; associated 1592
Friedrich son of Wilhelm; associated 1592
16481665
1665
16651705
15691598
15981636
16661687
16871735
& 16871746
17461781
17811807
Christian Ludwig son of duke Georg of Calenberg, son of Wilhelm

Johann Friedrich brother of Christian Ludwig; to Calenberg 16651679
Georg Wilhelm brother of Christian Ludwig
(to Hanover 1705)
Dukes of Brunswick-Lneburg in Dannenberg
Heinrich son of duke Ernst I of Lneburg-Celle; Celle 15591569
Julius Ernst son of Heinrich
(to Brunswick 1636)
Dukes of Brunswick-Lneburg in Bevern
Ferdinand Albrecht I son of duke August of Brunswick
Ferdinand Albrecht II son of Ferdinand Albrecht I; to Brunswick 1735
Ernst Ferdinand son of Ferdinand Albrecht I
August Wilhelm son of Ernst Ferdinand
Friedrich Karl Ferdinand son of Ernst Ferdinand; deposed, died 1809
(to Westphalia 1807, to Brunswick 1813)
CASTELL
Although lords and counts of Castell in Franconia are attested from the 11th century, their chronology and
genealogy remains very unclear until the early 13th century. After several short-lived divisions of the county, it
divided into two long-lasting lines, Remlingen and Rdenhausen, in 1597. In 1762 the line of Remlingen was
inherited by its own offshoot, Castell-Castell. In 1803 Castell-Castell also inherited Rdenhausen, but
immediately started a new line there. In 1806 the county of Castell was mediatized in favor of Bavaria.
Counts of Castell
House of Castell
12021223:
1223::1240
& :1223c.1231
:12401251:
& :12401254:
:1254:
& :12541307
& :1254:1289
:12891349
13071334
& 1307:1331
& 13071347:
13491363
& 1349c.1376
13631384
& 13631399
c.13761426
14261479
& 1426c.1431
14791498
Ruprecht I count of Castell

Ruprecht II son of Ruprecht I
Ludwig son of Ruprecht I
Friedrich II son of Ruprecht II
Heinrich I son of Ruprecht II
Friedrich III son of Friedrich II
Heinrich II son of Friedrich II
Hermann II son of Friedrich II
Friedrich IV son of Hermann II
Ruprecht III son of Heinrich II
Hermann III son of Heinrich II
Heinrich III son of Heinrich II
Hermann IV son of Friedrich IV
Friedrich VII son of Friedrich IV
Johann son of Hermann IV
Wilhelm I son of Hermann IV
Leonhard son of Friedrich VII
Wilhelm II son of Leonhard
Friedrich VIII son of Leonhard
Friedrich IX son of Wilhelm II
14981506
& 1498c.1500
& 14981546
15461577
& 15461595
& 15461597
15971631
16311668
16681709
& 16681717
17091743
17431762
17091735
17351773
17731806
& 17731803
15971635
16351653
16531681
16811749
17491803
18031806
Georg I son of Friedrich IX

Friedrich X son of Friedrich IX
Wolfgang I son of Friedrich IX
Konrad son of Wolfgang I; in Castell
Heinrich IV son of Wolfgang I; in Remlingen
Georg II son of Wolfgang I; in Rdenhausen
(division into Remlingen and Rdenhausen 1597)
Counts of Castell in Remlingen
Wolfgang II son of count Georg II of Castell
Wolfgang Georg I son of Wolfgang II
Wolfgang Dietrich son of Wolfgang Georg I
Friedrich Magnus son of Wolfgang Dietrich
Karl Friedrich Gottlieb son of Wolfgang Dietrich
Christian Adolf son of Karl Friedrich Gottlieb
(to Castell-Castell 1762)
Counts of Castell in Castell
Wolfgang Georg II son of Wolfgang Dietrich; in Castell
+ August Franz Friedrich son of Wolfgang Dietrich; associated in Castell 18091767
+ Ludwig Friedrich son of Wolfgang Dietrich; associated in Rehweiler 17091772
Christian Friedrich Karl son of Wolfgang Georg II; husband of Katharina Hedwig,
daughter of Karl Friedrich Gottlieb of Remlingen
Albrecht Friedrich Karl son of Christian Friedrich Karl; mediatized, died 1810
Christian Friedrich son of Christian Friedrich Karl; to Rdenhausen 18031806
(to Bavaria 1806; largely to Wrttemberg 1810; to Bavaria 1815)
Counts of Castell in Rdenhausen
Gottfried son of count Georg II of Castell
Georg Friedrich son of Gottfried
Philipp Gottfried son of Georg Friedrich
Johann Friedrich son of Philipp Gottfried
Friedrich Ludwig son of Johann Friedrich
Christian Friedrich son of count Christian Friedrich Karl of Castell-Castell; Castell
17731803; mediatized, died 1850
(to Bavaria 1806; largely to Wrttemberg 1810; to Bavaria 1815)
CHINY
The county of Chiny in Lower Lorraine formed out of the old county of Ivois (today Carignan, France) in the
early 11th century. The county was situated between the French-German frontier and the county, later duchy of
Luxembourg. Its capital shifted from Chiny (now in southeastern Belgium) to Montmdy (now in France) by
1285. The county passed from the House of Warcq to those of Looz, Sponheim, and Oreye. Thierry of
Sponheim-Heinsberg sold half of the county to Luxembourg in 1345, and the last count, Arnoul IV of Oreye,
sold the remaining half to Luxembourg in 1364. From 1839, most of the old county of Chiny became part of
the Belgian province of Luxembourg; a portion, however, including Montmdy and called Luxembourg
franais, had become part of France in 1659.
Lords and Counts of Chiny

House of Warcq
971c.987
c.9871025
1025:1066
:10661106
11061131
11311162
11621189
11891226
12261271
& 12261271
House of Looz
12711299
12991313
13131336
House of Sponheim
13361361
& 13361354:
13611362
House of Oreye
13621364
Othon I son of (?) count Albert I of Vermandois; count of Ivois

Louis I son of Othon I
Louis II son of Louis I
Arnoul I son of Louis II
Othon II son of Arnoul I
Albert son of Othon II
Louis III son of Albert
Louis IV, the Younger son of Louis III
Jeanne daughter of Louis IV
Arnoul II husband of Jeanne; son of count Gerard III of Looz-Rieneck; died 1272:
Louis V son of Arnoul II and Jeanne
Arnoul III son of count Jan of Looz, brother of Louis V; abdicated, died 1327
Louis VI son of Arnoul III
Thierry son of count Gottfried II of Heinsberg by Mathilde, daughter of Arnoul III
Godefroy I brother of Thierry
Godefroy II son of count Johann I of Heinsberg, brother of Thierry; sold county, died 1395
Arnoul IV son of Guillaume of Rumigny by Jeanne, daughter of Arnoul III; sold
county; died 1373
(to Luxembourg 1364)
CLEVES (KLEVE)
The beginnings of the county of Cleves in Lower Lorraine are imperfectly known, but the original line of
counts became extinct in 1368, and the county was inherited the House of Mark, which survived until 1609. By
that time, a sequence of marriages and inheritances assembled most of the secular principalities of the Lower
Rhine (Jlich, Cleves, Berg, and Mark) into a single agglomeration of territories. On the extinction of the
House of Mark, these lands were contested between the Wittelsbach House of the Palatinate-Neuburg and the
Hohenzollern House of Brandenburg. The Peace of Xanten in 1614 allotted Cleves and Mark to Brandenburg.
In 1801 the French occupied the part of Cleves situated west of the Rhine, another part was ceded to the
Batavian Republic in 1803, and the remainder to France in 1805. This last part was mostly included in the
Grand Duchy of Berg (18061813). The Congress of Vienna in 1815 returned all of Cleves to Prussia, except
for the portion that had been ceded to the Batavian Republic in 1803, which has remained in the Netherlands.
Counts of Cleves
Antoing House of Cleves
?:1092 Rtger II son of count Rtger I
:10921118: Dietrich I son of count Rtger II
:11201147 Arnold son of Dietrich I 19
11471172 Dietrich II son of Arnold
11721198: Dietrich III son of Dietrich II
:12031260 Dietrich IV, Nust son of Dietrich III
12601275 Dietrich V son of Dietrich IV
19
Alternately Arnold I may have been the brother of Dietrich I.
12751305 Dietrich VI son of Dietrich V

13051310 Otto, the Peaceable son of Dietrich VI
13101347 Dietrich VII son of Dietrich VI
13471368 Johann son of Dietrich VI
13681394 Adolf I son of count Adolf II of Mark by Margarete, daughter of Dietrich VII; bishop
of Mnster 13571363; bishop of Cologne 13631364
13941417 Adolf II son of Adolf I; duke of Cleves 14171448
14171448
14481481
14811521
15211539
15391592
15921609
Dukes of Cleves
Adolf former count of Cleves 13941417
Johann I, the Wrangler son of Adolf
Johann II, the Childmaker son of Johann I
Johann III, the Peaceable son of Johann II
Wilhelm, the Rich son of Johann III
Johann Wilhelm son of Wilhelm; bishop of Mnster 15741585
(divided between Brandenburg and the Palatinate-Neurburg 1609; to Brandenburg 1614;
to France 1801/1805; to Berg 1806; to Prussia 1815)
COLLOREDO-MANNSFELD
According to tradition the barons of Colloredo originated in Swabia and settled in Friuli in the 11th century. In
1588 the family was raised to the rank of imperial barons (Freiherr). In the early 14th century the family
possessions were divided into three lines. Two of these achieved comital status in the 1620s, but it was the
third, imperial counts only in 1724, that eventually acquired princely rank in 1763. Franz Gundaker added the
name of Mannsfeld, after inheriting the allodial estates of the princes of Mansfeld (note the different spelling)
through marriage. In 18031804 he purchased portions of the immediate counties of Rieneck and LimpurgSpeckfeld. The brief period of sovereignty ended when the principality was mediatized in favor of Bavaria and
Regensburg in 1806.
Counts and Princes of Colloredo, then Colloredo-Mannsfeld
House of Colloredo
17111727
17271788
17881806
Hieronymus IV son of Ferdinand of Colloredo; Bohemian count; imperial count 1724

Rudolf Joseph son of Hieronymus IV; prince 1763
Franz Gundaker son of Rudolf Joseph; mediatized, died 1807
(Rieneck to Regensburg; Limpurg-Speckfeld to Bavaria 1806)
CRO-DLMEN
The family of Cro in Hainault was descended, according to tradition, from Hungarian nobility. It was favored
by the Valois dukes of Burgundy and their Habsburg heirs, but also secured the friendship of the kings of
France. Having acquired possessions in France, Germany, and the Low Countries, the family divided into two
main branches, those of Aerschot and Chimay, and subdivided into many more. The count of Chimay was the
first to be promoted to imperial prince, in 1486, while the lords of Aerschot (also counts of Porcien) advanced
to the rank of marquis and later duke in 1534. A member of this line, the count of Porcien, was promoted to
prince in 1561. Among other members of this branch, the duke of Aerschot was invested as duke of Cro by
the king of France in 1598, but the promotion of his uncle Charles-Philippe of Havr to imperial prince in
1594 was constitutionally more significant. Due to the successive extinctions of several family branches in the
male line, the titles of duke and prince of Cro migrated from one line to another, before being settled on the
line of Cro-Solre, the only one to survive into the mid-19th century. Losing their possessions west of the Rhine
to France by the Treaty of Lunville in 1801, the princes of Cro received the immediate county of Dlmen as
compensation in 1803. This principality was mediatized in favor of Arenberg in 1806.
Lords of Cro
House of Cro
c.13501384
13841415
14151475
& 14151473
14751511
15111514
15141549
15491551
15511595
15951612
13541532
15321549
15491565
15651608
& c.15881590
& 15921612
16121640
16401665
16651683
& 16651682
Guillaume son of Jacques II of Cro; lord of Cro and Renty

Jean I son of Guillaume; purchased Chinay 1397
Antoine, the Great son of Guillaume; lord of Rulx 1429, Aerschot 1431, Solre 1433,
Porcien 1438; count of Porcien and Gunes 1455
Jean II son of Guillaume; to Chimay 1473
Philippe I son of Antoine
Henri son of Philippe I
+ Guillaume son of Philippe I; marquis of Aerschot 15181521
Philippe II son of Henri; marquis of Renty 1532, duke of Aerschot 1534; inherited
Chimay 1539
Charles I son of Philippe II
Philippe III son of Philippe II
Charles II son of Philippe III; duke of Cro 1598
(to Cro-Havr 1612 20)
Lords and Margraves of Cro in Renty
(to Cro)
Philippe II son of Henri of Cro-Aerschot; marquis 1532
Guillaume son of Philippe II
Anne daughter of Guillaume
Emmanuel-Philibert of Lalaing married Anne; son of count Charles II of Lalaing
Philippe III of Cro married Anne; son of Jacques of Cro-Sempy
Charles-Philippe son of Philippe III and Anne
Philippe-Eugne son of Charles-Philippe; bishop of Valencia
Marie-Ferdinande daughter of Charles-Philippe
Philippe-Louis of Egmond husband of Marie Ferdinande; son of count Lodewijk of
Egmond, son of count Jan IV, son of count Jan III, son of Willem of Egmond, brother
of duke Arnold of Guelders
(to the House of Egmond 1683)
Princes and Dukes of Cro in Havr

First Line of Cro-Havr
15741613 Charles-Philippe posthumous son of duke Philippe II of Cro-Aerschot; marquis of
Havr; prince of Cro 1594
16131624 Charles-Alexandre son of Charles-Philippe; inherited the duchy of Cro 1613
Ernest son of Charles-Philippe; to Fntrange 16131620
16241684 Ernest-Bogislav son of Ernest; in Fntrange since 1620; bishop of Cammin
(duchy of Cro to Cro-Rulx 1684)
On Charles IIs death Aerschot and Chimay were inherited by his sister Anne and her husband, prince Karl of
Arenberg.
20
Second Line of Cro-Havr

16271664 Marie-Claire daughter of Charles Alexandre; duchess of Havr 1627
& 16271640 Charles-Philippe of Cro married Marie-Claire; son of count Philippe of Cro-Solre
& 16431650 Philippe-Franois of Cro married Marie-Claire; brother of Charles-Philippe
16501694 Ferdinand-Franois-Joseph son of Philippe-Franois and Marie-Claire
16941710 Charles-Antoine-Joseph son of Ferdinand-Franois-Joseph
17101737 Jean-Baptiste son of Ferdinand-Franois-Joseph
17371761 Louis-Ferdinand-Joseph son of Jean-Baptiste
17611794 Joseph-Anne son of Louis-Ferdinand-Joseph; mediatized, died 1839
(to France 1794; to the Netherlands 1815; to Belgium 1831)
14381514
15141556
15561567
15671595
15951608
14751505
15051524
15241553
15531581
15811585
15851607
16071609
16091636
& 16091610
16361673
16731720
17201767
16641685
16851694
1473
14731482
14821527
15271539
& 15271539
Counts and Princes of Cro in Porcien

(to the lords of Cro-Aerschot)
Charles I son of Henri of Cro-Aerschot
Antoine son of Charles I; prince 1561
Philippe son of duke Philippe II of Aerschot, brother of Charles
Charles II son of Philippe III; abdicated, died 1612
(to Nevers 1608)
Lords and Counts of Cro in Rulx, Dukes of Cro
Jean III son of Antoine of Cro-Aerschot
Ferry son of Jean III
Jean son of Jean III; to Crsques 15051524
Adrien son of Ferry; count 1530
Jean IV son of Adrien
Eustache I son of Adrien
Grard son of Adrien
Eustache II son of Jean of Crsques; in Crsques since 1524
Claude son of Eustache II
Franois son of Eustache II; to Megen 16101619 (line extinct 1674)
Eustache III son of Claude; prince 1664?
Ferdinand-Gaston-Lamoral son of Eustache III; inherited duchy of Cro 1684
Ferdinand-Gaston-Joseph son of Philippe-Franois, son of Ferdinand-Gaston-Lamoral
(to Cro-Solre 1767)
Princes of Cro in Millendonck
Jacques-Philippe son of count Claude of Cro-Rulx
Charles-Eugne son of Jacques-Philippe; abdicated, died 1702
(to Berlepsch 1694; to France 1794; to Prussia 1813; to Germany 1918)
Counts and Princes of Cro in Chimay
Jean II son of Jean I of Cro
Philippe I son of Jean II
Michel son of Jean II; to Sempy 14731516
Charles I son of Philippe I; prince 1486
Anne I daughter of Charles I
Philippe II husband of Anne I; son of Henri of Cro-Aerschot; died 1549
15391551 Charles II son of Philippe II and Anne I; also Aerschot

15511595 Philippe III son of Philippe II and Anne I; also Aerschot and Porcien
15951612 Charles III son of Philippe III; also Aerschot and Porcien
16121613 Anne II daughter of Philippe III; abdicated; Aerschot 16121635
& 16121613 Charles IV husband of Anne; son of count Johann III of Ligne; Ligne 15861616
Ligne House of Arenberg
16131629 Alexandre son of Charles II and Anne II
16291643 Albert son of Alexandre
16431675 Philippe IV son of Alexandre
16751686 Ernest-Alexandre-Dominique son of Philippe IV
House of Hnin-Litard
16861688 Philippe-Louis son of count Eugne of Boussu by Anne, daughter of Alexandre
16881737 Charles-Louis-Antoine son of Philippe Louis; abdicated, died 1740
& 16881745 Alexandre-Gabriel-Joseph son of Philippe-Louis; confirmed as prince 1735
17451759 Thomas-Alexandre-Marc-Michel son of Alexandre-Gabriel-Joseph
17591761 Thomas-Alexandre-Marc-Maurice son of Thomas-Alexandre-Marc-Michel
17611794 Philippe-Gabriel son of Alexandre-Gabriel-Joseph; deposed, died 1804
(to France 1794; to the Netherlands 1815; to Belgium 1831)
Lords of Cro in Sempy, Counts and Princes of Solre, Princes and Dukes of Cro
House of Cro
14821546
15461587
15871612
16121640
16401670
16701718
17181723
17231784
17841803
18031806
Antoine son of count Philippe I of Chimay

Jacques son of Antoine
Philippe son of Jacques; count of Solre 1590
Jean son of Philippe
Charles-Philippe son of Philippe; to Renty 16121640 (line extinct 1665)
Philippe-Franois son of Philippe; to Havr 16431650 (line continued)
Philippe-Emmanuel-Antoine son of Jean
Philippe-Emmanuel-Ferdinand son of Philippe-Emmanuel-Antoine; prince of Solre 1677
Balthasar-Charles son of Philippe-Emmanuel-Antoine; to Molembais 16701704 (line extinct 1764)
Philippe-Alexandre-Emmanuel son of Philippe-Emmanuel-Ferdinand
Emmanuel son of Philippe-Alexandre-Emmanuel; prince 1742; inherited duchy of Cro 1767
Anne-Emmanuel son of Emmanuel
Auguste son of Anne-Emmanuel; count of Dlmen 1803; mediatized, died 1822
(to Arenberg 1806)
DALBERG
Following the advance of the French, Karl Theodor of Dalberg, archibishop and elector of Mainz, lost his lands
west of the Rhine to France by the Treaty of Lunville in 1801. Like others in this predicament, he was
compensated with new lands in 1803, including the principalities of Regensburg and Aschaffenburg and the
county of Wetzlar. In 1806 he acquired Frankfurt, and became its grand duke in 1810 (turning over the
principlaity but not the archbishopric of Regensburg to Bavaria). With the collapse of the Napoleonic order in
Germany in 1813 he abdicated (except as archbishop) in favor of Napolons stepson Eugne de Beauharnais,
but the latter was unable to take possession.
Prince of Regensburg, then Grand Duke of Frankfurt

House of Dalberg
18031813
Karl Theodor son of Franz Heinrich of Dalberg; archbishop/elector of Mainz, bishop of Worms;
prince of Regensburg 18031810; grand duke of Frankfurt 1810; abdicated, died 1817
(Regensburg to Bavaria 1810; remainder divided between Bavaria and Hesse 1814)
DIETRICHSTEIN
A noble of Carinthian descent, Sigismund of Dietrichstein, was created baron in 1514 by his father-in-law, the
emperor Maximilian I. His son Adam was invested with the Moravian lordship of Nikolsburg (Mikulov) in
1575. Adams son, bishop Franz Seraph of Olomouc, was created imperial prince in 1622, a title made
hereditary for his nephew Maximilian in 1631. In 1684 Ferdinand Joseph was created imperial count of Tarasp,
which gave the family a place among the secular princes of the Holy Roman Empire. In 1803 the prince of
Dietrichstein was compelled to cede Tarasp to Switzerland, and was compensated with Neu Ravensburg. In
1806 the family was mediatized and its possessions passed to Wrttemberg.
Counts and Princes of Dietrichstein
House of Dietrichstein
15751590 Adam son of Sigismund of Dietrichstein-Hollenburg by Barbara, bastard daughter of
emperor Maximilian I
15901602 Sigismund son of Adam; count 1600
16021609 Johann Adam son of Sigismund
16021655 Maximilian son of Sigismund; imperial count 1612; prince 1631
16551698 Ferdinand Joseph son of Maximilian; count of Tarasp 1684
16981708 Leopold Ignaz Joseph son of Ferdinand Joseph
17081738 Walther Xaver son of Ferdinand Joseph
17381782 Karl Maximilian son of Walther Xaver; abdicated, died 1784
17821806 Karl son of Karl Maximilian; exchanged Tarasp for Neu Ravensberg 1803; mediatized, died 1808
(Neu Ravensberg to Wrttemberg 1806)
EGGENBERG
An Austrian merchant family from Graz, the Eggenbergs served the Habsburgs since the mid-15th century, and
weathered the occupation of the eastern Austrian lands by the Hungarian king Mtys in the 1480s. In 1598
Johann Ulrich (Hans Ulrich) was made imperial baron (Freiherr) and in 1623 he was promoted to imperial
count, being further rewarded with the title duke of Krumau in 1628. His son purchased the princely county of
Gradisca in Friuli in 1647. On the extinction of the male line of princes in 1717, Gradisca returned to Austria,
while the allodial estates were inherited by the Houses of Schwarzenberg and Herberstein.
Barons and Princes of Eggenberg
Princes of Eggenberg
15981634
16341649
16491710
& 16491713
17131716
17161717
Johann Ulrich son of Seyfried of Eggenberg; prince 1623, duke of Krumau 1628
Johann Anton I son of Johann Ulrich; princely count of Gradisca 1647
Johann Christian I son of Johann Anton I
Johann Seyfried son of Johann Anton I
Johann Anton II son of Johann Seyfried
Johann Christian II son of Johann Anton II
17171774
Maria Anna daughter of Johann Anton II; only in Eggenberg

(Gradisca to Austria, Krumau to Schwarzenberg 1717, Eggenberg to Herberstein 1774 21)
ERBACH
The lords of Erbach in Franconia served as ministeriales and cupbearers (Schenken) of the elector Palatine,
reflected in the later family name, Schenk von Erbach. In c.1270 the family divided into three lines, of which
only one survived into the 1530s. The head of that line, Eberhard XI, was raised to imperial count in 1532; he
and his descendants Georg III and Georg Albrecht I were the only members of the family to reunite, however
briefly, all the family lands. After further divisions in the 17th century, there appeared three lines that survived
until the end of the Holy Roman Empire in 1806: Frstenau, Erbach, and Schnberg. The county was
mediatized in favor of Hesse-Darmstadt in 1806.
Counts of Erbach
House of Erbach
14811539
& 15391569
& 15391564
& 15391563
15641605
16051618
& 16051643
& 16051627
& 16051647
16471669
& 16471653
& 16471693
& 16471678
& 16471717
16931720
& 16931704
& 16931731
17171736
17361742
& 17361794
& 17361778
17781784
17841803
18031806
Eberhard XI son of Georg I of Erbach; count 1532

Georg II son of Eberhard XI; in Michelstadt
Eberhard XII son of Eberhard XI; in Erbach
Valentin II son of Eberhard XI; in Schnberg
Georg III son of Eberhard XII; all Erbach 1569
Friedrich Magnus son of Georg III; in Frstenau 1606
Ludwig I son of Georg III; in Erbach 1606
Johann Kasimir son of Georg III; in Breuberg 1606
Georg Albrecht I son of Georg III; in Schnberg 1606; all Erbach 1643
Georg Ernst son of Georg Albrecht I; in Wildenstein
Georg Friedrich son of Georg Albrecht I; in Breuberg
Georg Ludwig I son of Georg Albrecht I; in Erbach; Wildenstein 1672; Breuberg 1678
Georg IV son of Georg Albrecht I; in Frstenau; Breuberg 1672
Georg Albrecht II son of Georg Albrecht I; in Schnberg 1672; Frstenau 1678
Philipp Ludwig son of Georg Ludwig I; in Erbach
Karl Albrecht Ludwig son of Georg Ludwig I; in Erbach
Friedrich Karl son of Georg Ludwig I; in Erbach
(division into Frstenau, Erbach, and Schnberg 1717)
Counts of Erbach in Frstenau
Philipp Karl son of count Georg Albrecht II of Erbach
Johann Wilhelm son of Philipp Karl
Ludwig Friedrich son of Philipp Karl
Georg Albrecht III son of Philipp Karl
Friedrich August son of Georg Albrecht III
Christian Karl son of Georg Albrecht III
Albrecht August Ludwig son of Christian Karl; mediatized, died 1851
(to Hesse-Darmstadt 1806)
Krumau passed to Johann Christian Is widow Maria Ernestina, daughter of prince Johann Adolf I of
Schwarzenberg; Eggenberg passed to Maria Annas husband count Johann Leopold Franz of Herberstein.
21
17171757
17571803
Counts of Erbach in Erbach

Georg Wilhelm son of count Georg Albrecht II of Erbach; in Breuberg; Erbach 1747
Franz son of Georg Wilhelm; mediatized, died 1823
17171758
17581777
17771788
17881799
17991806
Counts of Erbach in Schnberg

Georg August son of count Georg Albrecht II of Erbach
Georg Ludwig II son of Georg August
Franz Karl son of Georg August
Christian son of Georg August
Karl son of Georg August; mediatized, died 1816
ESZTERHZY-GALNTHA
Mikls (Nikolaus) of Eszterhzy-Galntha, the baron of Frakn (Forchtenstein, now in Austria) and palatine of
Hungary, was promoted to count in 1626. His second son, Paul I, also palatine of Hungary, was promoted to
prince of the Holy Roman Empire in 1687. Patrons of the arts, the princes flourished in the next century. In
1804 Nikolaus II purchased the immediate county of Edelstetten from the prince of Ligne. Only two years later
the principality was mediatized in favor of Bavaria. The list includes only the princely line of the family.
Princes of Eszterhzy of Galntha
House of Eszterhzy
16521713
17131721
1721
17211762
17621790
17901794
17941806
Paul I son of count Nikolaus; prince 1687

Michael son of Paul I
Joseph son of Paul I
Paul II son of Joseph
Nikolaus I son of Joseph
Anton son of Nikolaus I
Nikolaus II son of Anton; mediatized, died 1833
(to Bavaria 1806)
FRANCONIA (FRANKEN)
One of the tribal duchies that made up the German kingdom at the beginning of the 10th century, Franconia
produced the first non-Carolingian king of the East Franks in 911. However, the defeat and death of duke
Eberhard at the hands of king Otto I in 939 resulted in the premature suspension of ducal authority. Franconia
came nominally under the direct authority of the king and experienced a gradual but complete disintegration as
a political unit, as was later the case with neighboring Swabia to the south. Actual power passed to the regional
counts and bishops, chief among whom were the Salian counts of Wormsgau in western Franconia
(Rheinfranken) and the bishops of Wrzburg in eastern Franconia (Ostfranken). The Salians and their
Hohenstaufen successors were so influential in western Franconia, that they were informally described as its
dukes in some of the sources. In spite of this, and although Frankfurt in Franconia served in some ways as the
capital of the Empire, the potential of converting Franconia into a royal domain was never realized and most
royal estates in the region were turned over to the counts Palatine on the Rhine. The bishops of Wrzburg, on
the other hand, were formally granted ducal authority over eastern Franconia in 1168, and continued to claim
this title (more formally from the reign of bishop Johann II, 14111440) until the bishopric was secularized in
1802. The remainder of the duchy disintegrated into smaller polities. During the Thirty Years War the Swedes
installed Bernhard of Saxe-Weimar as duke of Franconia, but he was deposed within a year (17331734).
Dukes of Franconia
892/903906 Konrad I, the Elder son of (?) count Udo of Lahngau; count (with ducal rights) in
Franconia
906918 Konrad II son of Konrad I; duke 906; German king 911918
918939 Eberhard son of Konrad I
(to the German kingdom 939; disintegration of the duchy 22)
Counts in West Franconia
940 Heinrich I (of Bavaria) son of king Heinrich I of Germany; deposed, died 955
940955 Konrad I, the Red son of count Werner of Wormsgau and Speyergau
955985 Otto son of Konrad I; deposed
985995 Heinrich II (of Bavaria) son of Heinrich I
9951004 Otto restored
10041011 Konrad II son of Otto
10111030 Konrad III son of Konrad II; abdicated, died 1039
10301039 Konrad IV son of count Heinrich of Speyer, son of Otto; German king 10241039
10391056 Heinrich III, the Black son of Konrad IV; German king 10391056
10561076 Heinrich IV son of Heinrich III; German king 10561105, died 1106
10761093 Konrad V son of Heinrich IV; deposed, died 1101
10931105 Friedrich I (of Swabia) husband of Agnes, daughter of Heinrich IV; son of count
Friedrich of Bren
11051147 Friedrich II, the One-Eyed (of Swabia) son of Friedrich I
11471156 Friedrich III, Barbarossa son of Friedrich II; German king 11521190
11561195 Konrad VI son of Friedrich II
(to the Empire 1195; continued disintegration of the duchy)
Dukes in East Franconia (Rothenburg)
11161152 Konrad I son of duke Friedrich I of Swabia by Agnes, daughter of emperor Heinrich IV;
11521167 Friedrich, of Rothenburg son of Konrad I
11681188 (to the bishops of Wrzburg)
11881196 Konrad II son of emperor Friedrich I, son of duke Friedrich II of Swabia, brother of Konrad I
11961198 Philipp, of Swabia brother of Konrad II; German king 11981208
(to the bishops of Wrzburg c.1198)
West Franconia dominated by the Salian and Hohenstaufen comital families (as listed below), but much of
the lands given to the count palatine of the Rhine in 1093; East Franconia was given to the bishop of Wrzburg.
22
Duke of Franconia
Wettin House of Saxe-Weimar
16331634 Bernhard son of duke Johann of Saxe-Weimar; deposed, died 1639
(to the bishops of Wrzburg 1634)
FRISIA (FRIESLAND)
The Frisians between the mouths of the Rhine and the Weser, were originally independent, under their dukes
or kings Aldegisel (654680), Radbod (680719), and Poppo (719734). In 734 Karl Martel annexed Frisia
to the Frankish kingdom. In the 9th century the area was exposed to Viking raids, some Viking chieftains
allowed to settle there, as vassals of Carolingian kings. In 885 count Eberhard of Hamaland was invested as
duke of Frisia, but ducal authority lapsed after 939. Subsequently authority as counts and margraves in Frisia
was given to a branch of the Billungs of Saxony and then to the Brunonids of Brunswick. After a brief
dispossession in favor of the bishop of Utrecht, the Brunonids were inherited by Heinrich I of Northeim,
whose daughter brought Frisia to the future emperor Lothar II. Their daughters marriage to the Welf duke
Heinrich II of Saxony brought Frisia to the Welf rulers of future Brunswick-Lneburg. By this time actual
authority over Frisia had become dissipated and divided: local communities and nobles had become effectively
autonomous, West Frisia was governed by the counts of Holland, while East Frisia gradually came under the
control of the neighboring bishops (for its later history as a distinct principality, see Ostfriesland).
Dukes of Frisia
Danish House
841873: Rrik
882885 Gottfried husband of Gisela, daughter of kign Lothar II of Lorraine
Saxon House of Hamaland
885898 Eberhard son of count Meginhard
898c.915 Meginhard I brother of Eberhard
c.915939 Meginhard II son of Eberhard; deposed, died c.955
Counts and margraves in Frisia
Saxon House of Billung
:953994 Ekbert I, the One-eyed son of count Ekbraht, son of count Wichmann, brother of duke
Hermann of Saxony
9941016 Wichmann son of Ekbert I
10161028 Ekbert II son of Ekbert I; replaced, died 1042
Brunonid House of Brunswick
10281038 Liudolf husband of Gertrud, daughter of Ekbert II; son of count Bruno I of Brunswick
10381057 Bruno son of Liudolf
10571068 Ekbert III son of Liudolf
10681089 Ekbert IV son of Ekbert III; deposed, died 1090
10891099 (to Konrad, bishop of Utrecht)
House of Northeim
10991101 Heinrich, the Fat husband of Gertrud, daughter of Ekbert III; son of count Otto I of
Northeim
11011137 Lothar husband of Richenza, daugher of Heinrich; son of count Gebhard of
Supplinburg; German king 11251137
(union with Northeim 1117)
FUGGER-BABENHAUSEN
The Fugger bankers of Augsburg established a beneficial relationship with the Habsburgs and acquired
significant economic and political power. In 1530 the emperor Karl V invested the brothers Raymund and
Anton Fugger as counts of Kirchberg-Weissenhorn. The two lines established by the brothers subdivided into
many branches. One of Antons descendants, Anselm Maria of Babenhausen, was promoted to prince in 1803.
In 1806, however, the principality was mediatized in favor of Bavaria. Only that branch of the family which
attained princely status is included in the list.
Counts and Princes of Fugger in Babenhausen
House of Fugger
15981633
16331668
16681671
16711696
16961724
17241758
17581759
17591793
17931806
Johann son of count Jakob of Wllenburg, son of count Anton

Johann Franz son of Johann
Ferdinand Dominicus son of Johann Franz
Siegmund Joseph son of Johann Franz
Ruprecht Joseph Anton son of Johann Rudolf, son of Johann Franz
Franz Karl son of Ruprecht Joseph Anton
Johann Jakob son of Johann Rudolf
Anselm Viktorian son of Johann Jakob
Christoph Moritz son of Johann Jakob; to Boos 17591777
Anselm Maria son of Anselm Viktorian; prince 1803; mediatized, died 1821
(to Bavaria 1821)
FRSTENBERG
The medieval counts of Frstenberg were descended from those of Urach-Freiburg. The family repeatedly
subdivided into several short-lived lines, but its possessions were reunited by count Friedrich II in 1549. On his
death in 1559, however, Frstenberg was divided among his three sons, and subdivided further between branches
of the family. Ernst Egons sons Franz Egon and Wilhelm Egon held the bishopric of Strasbourg between 1663
and 1704. In 1664 their brother Hermann Egon of Frstenberg-Heiligenberg was promoted to imperial prince.
On his sons death in 1716, these lands and the princely title were shared by the surviving lines of FrstenbergMekirch and Frstenberg-Sthlingen, until 1744, when Joseph Wilhelm Ernst of Frstenberg-Sthlingen
reunited the Frstenberg lands for the first time since 1559. His descendants continued to rule the principality
until 1806, when it was mediatized. Most of Frstenberg was turned over to Bade, with smaller portions given
to Wrttemberg and Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen. Only those lines of the House of Frstenberg that achieved
princely status are covered in the list below.
Counts of Frstenberg
Urach House of Frstenberg
c.12501284 Heinrich I son of count Egino II of Urach; landgrave of Baar 1283
12841296 Friedrich I son of Heinrich I
Egino I son of Heinrich I; to Haslach 12841324 (line extinct 1386)
12961337 Heinrich II son of Friedrich I
13371370 Konrad I son of Heinrich II
& 13371365 Johann II son of Heinrich II; in Wolfach
& 13371367 Heinrich III son of Heinrich II; in Baar
13671408 Heinrich IV son of Heinrich III; inherited Haslach 1386
13651370: Hugo II son of Johann II
14081441 Heinrich V son of Heinrich IV
& 14081419
& 14081449
14191490
14411443
& 14411484
1443
& 14431483
14841499
& 14841509
15091559
& 15091549
15591598
15981617
16171618
& 16171635
16351653
& 16351674
16741716
1559
15591599
15991614
& 15991609
16141622
& 16141639
16221642
16421671
16711741
17411744
16391655
16551681
16811704
& 16811689
17041762
Konrad II son of Heinrich IV; in Wolfach

Egino II son of Heinrich IV; in Wartenberg
Heinrich VI son of Konrad II; in Wolfach
Johann II son of Heinrich V; associated 1436; in Geisingen
Konrad III son of Heinrich V; in Frstenberg; inherited Geisingen 1483
Johann III son of Johann II; in Geisingen
Egino III son of Johann II; in Geisingen
Heinrich VII son of Konrad III
Wolfgang son of Konrad III
Friedrich II son of Wolfgang
Wilhelm I son of Wolfgang
(division into Heiligenberg, Haslach, and Baar 1559)
Counts and Princes of Frstenberg in Heiligenberg
Joachim son of count Friedrich II of Frstenberg; inherited of Baar 1596
Friedrich III son of Joachim
Wilhelm II son of Friedrich III
Ernst Egon son of Friedrich III
Ferdinand Friedrich Egon son of Ernst Egon; to Trochtelfingen 16531662 (line extinct 1676)
Hermann Egon son of Ernst Egon; prince 1664
Anton Egon son of Hermann Egon
(to Frstenberg-Mekirch 1716)
Counts of Frstenberg in Haslach
Christoph I son of count Friedrich II of Frstenberg
+ Heinrich VIII brother of Christoph I; landgrave of Baar 15591596
Albrecht I son of Christoph I; inherited of Baar 1596
Christoph II son of Albrecht I
Wratislaw I son of Albrecht; to Wolfach 16091631 (line extinct 1641)
Wratislaw II son of Christoph II; to Frstenberg-Mekirch 16221642
Friedrich Rudolf son of Christoph II; to Frstenebrg-Sthlingen 16391655
(division into Frstenberg-Mekirch and Haslach, later Sthlingen 1622)
Counts and Princes of Frstenberg in Mekirch (Mkirch)
Wratislaw II son of count Christoph II of Frstenberg-Haslach; Frstenberg-Haslach 16141622
Franz Christoph son of Wratislaw II
Froben Ferdinand son of Franz Christoph; prince 1716
Karl Friedrich son of Froben Ferdinand
(to Frstenberg-Sthlingen 1744)
Counts and Princes of Frstenberg in Sthlingen
Friedrich Rudolf son of count Christoph II of Frstenberg-Haslach; Frstenberg-Haslach
16141639; landgrave of Sthlingen 1639
Maximilian Franz son of Friedrich Rudolf
Prosper Ferdinand son of Maximilian Franz
Leopold Marquard son of Maximilian Franz
Joseph Wilhelm Ernst son of Prosper Ferdinand; prince 1716
17621783
17831796
17961804
17621787
17871790
17901799
17991806
Ludwig August Egon posthumous son of Prosper Ferdinand; to Weitra 17051759

(line continued)
Joseph Wenzel son of Joseph Wilhelm Ernst
Joseph Maria son of Joseph Wenzel
Karl Joachim son of Joseph Wenzel
(to Frstenberg-Prglitz 1804)
Princes of Frstenberg-Prglitz
Karl Egon I son of prince Joseph Wilhelm Ernst of Frstenberg-Sthlingen
Philipp Nerius son of Karl Egon I
Karl Gabriel son of Philipp Nerius
Karl Egon II son of Karl Aloys, son of Karl Egon I; prince 1804; mediatized, died 1854
(to Bade, Wrttemberg, and Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen 1806)
GUELDERS (GELDERN)
The rich county of Guelders belonged to Lower Lorraine and emerged in the late 11th century. It expanded by
successful marriage alliances, for example inheriting the county of Ztphen in the 12th century, and, albeit
temporarily, the duchy of Limburg in the 13th. In 1339 count Rainald II was promoted to duke. When the
comital line became extinct in 1371, there followed a War for the Guelders Succession, which ended with the
duchy passing to the duke of Jlich, who was confirmed in possession in 1383. Guelders passed by inheritance
to the House of Egmond in 1423, but was promised to the duke of Burgundy in 1472, who inherited it in
1473. The House of Egmond managed to recover its possession by force, and on its extinction Guelders passed
once again to the duke of Jlich. In 1543, however, he was forced to cede the duchy to the emperor Karl V,
and it became part of the Spanish Netherlands. In 1581 Lower Guelders joined the independent Netherlands
in revolt against Spanish rule, but Upper Guelders (together with the capital) remained subject to Habsburg
rule. The Treaty of Utrecht in 1713 subdivided Upper Guelders among Prussia, Austria, and the Netherlands.
Part of Upper Guelders passed to France in 1795 and the remainder in 1801. The Congress of Vienna divided
Upper Guelders between Prussia and the Netherlands.
Counts and Dukes of Guelders
House of Wassenberg
10851118: Gerhard I, Flaminius son of (?) count Dietrich of Wassenberg; count of Guelders by 1096
:11291131 Gerhard II, the Tall son of Gerhard I
11311182 Heinrich son of Gerhard II
11821207 Otto I son of Heinrich
12071229 Gerhard III son of Otto I
12291271 Otto II, the Lame son of Gerhard III
12711326 Rainald I, the Wrangler son of Otto II
13261343 Rainald II, the Red son of Rainald I; duke 1339
13431361 Rainald III, the Fat son of Rainald II; deposed
13611371 Eduard son of Rainald II
1371 Rainald III, the Fat restored
Chtillon House of Blois
13721377 Johann married Mechthild, daughter of Rainald II; son of count Louis II of Blois;
expelled, abandoned claims 1379, died 1381
13771402 Wilhelm I son of duke Wilhelm II of Jlich by Maria, daughter of Rainald II; rival
since 1372
14021423
House of Egmond
14231465
Rainald IV brother of Wilhelm I
Arnold son of Jan II of Egmond and Maria, daughter of Jan V of Arkel and Johanna,
sister of Rainald IV; deposed
14651471 Adolf son of Arnold; deposed
14711473 Arnold restored
14731477 Karl I, the Rash son of duke Philippe III of Burgundy
House of Egmond
1477 Adolf restored
14771481 Karl II son of Adolf; deposed
14811482 Maria daughter of Karl I
14821492 Philipp, the Handsome son of Maria by emperor Maximilian I; expelled; Castile 15041506
House of Egmond
14921538 Karl II restored
15381543 Wilhelm II, the Rich son of duke Johann III of Cleves; deposed, died 1592
15431549 Karl III son of Philipp; abdicated; Castile 15061556; Aragn and Sicily 15161556;
Naples 15161554; Empire 15191558
(to the Spanish Netherlands 1549; divided with the independent Netherlands 1581; etc.)
HABSBURG (see Klettgau, Kirburg, and Sundgau)
HAINAULT (HAINAUT, HENNEGAU)
The French-speaking region of Hainault was originally part of Lower Lorraine. The first count of Hainault,
Rgnier I, was descended from the Carolingians and emerged as one of the first non-royal rulers of Lorraine in
the early 10th century. His descendants had to fight continuously to secure possession of the county of
Hainault against their competitors, eventually emerging victorious as counts of Mons and Valenciennes in 998.
In 1051 the county passed into the hands of the House of Flanders, which retained control until 1280. Both
early possibilities for permanent union with Flanders failed due to a division of the succession between rival
heirs (in 1071 and 1280). From 1299 the counts of Hainault were also counts of Holland. This rich
inheritance passed through marriage to the House of Wittelsbach, and then through cession to the House of
Burgundy. Hainault later became part of the Spanish Netherlands and, although some southern portions of
the county were annexed by France in 1659 and 1679, it passed to the Austrian Netherlands in 1713.
Occupied by France in 1794, the remainder of Hainault passed to the Netherlands in 1815, and then to
Belgium in 1830.
Counts of Hainault
House of Maasgau
880898
Rgnier I, Longneck son of count Giselbert of Maasgau by Irmgard, daughter of

emperor Lothar I; deposed, died 915
House of Lttichgau
898920 Sigard
House of Ghent
920924 Enguerrand kinsman of count Enguerrand I of Ghent
House of Maasgau
924932:
:940958
House of Metz
959964
964973
House of Zlpich
973
House of Maasgau
973974
House of Verdun
974998
House of Maasgau
9981013
10131039
10391051
House of Flanders
10511070
10701098
10981120
11201171
11711195
11951205
12051244
& 12121233
& 12371244
12441280
House of Avesnes
Rgnier II son of Rgnier I

Rgnier III son of Rgnier II; deposed, died 973
Godefroy I son of count palatine Gottfried of Lorraine, son of count Gerhard of
Metzgau
Richer uncle of (?) Godefroy I; son of (?) count Gerhard of Metzgau
Renaud brother of count Werner of Zlpich
Rgnier IV son of Rgnier III; deposed
Godefroy II, the Captive son of Richers sister (?) Uda by count Gozelo of Bidgau, son
of count palatine Wigerich of Lorraine
Rgnier IV restored
Rgnier V son of Rgnier IV
Herman son of Rgnier V
Baudouin I, the Good married Richilde, widow of Herman; son of count Boudewijn V
of Flanders
Baudouin II son of Baudouin I
Baudouin III son of Baudouin II
Baudouin IV, the Builder son of Baudouin III
Baudouin V, the Brave son of Baudouin IV
Baudouin VI, of Constantinople son of Baudouin V; Latin emperor 12041205 23
Jeanne daughter of Baudouin VI
Ferrand of Portugal married Jeanne; son of king Sancho I of Portugal
Thomas of Savoy married Jeanne; son of count Tommaso I of Savoy; died 1259
Marguerite I, the Black daughter of Baudouin VI
+ Jean I son of Marguerite I by Bouchard of Avesnes; associated 12501257

12801304 Jean II son of Jean I; associated 1257
13041337 Guillaume I, the Good son of Jean II
13371345 Guillaume II, the Bold son of Guillaume I
13451356 Marguerite II daughter of Guillaume I
13561389 Guillaume III, the Fool son of Marguerite II by emperor Ludwig IV
13891404 Albert brother of Guillaume III; regent since 1358
14041417 Guillaume IV son of Albert
14171433 Jacqueline daughter of Guillaume IV; abdicated, died 1436
& 14181422 Jean III of Brabant married Jacqueline; son of duke Anton of Brabant; divorced, died 1427
& 14221428 Humfroy of Gloucester married Jacqueline; son of king Henry IV of England; divorced,
died 1447
14331467 Philippe I, the Good son of duke Jean II of Burgundy, brother of duke Anton of Brabant
14671477 Charles I, the Rash son of Philippe I
23
In Bulgarian captivity from 1205 to his death (in 1206?).
14771482 Marie daughter of Charles I

14821506 Philippe II, the Handsome son of Marie by emperor Maximilian I; Castile 15041506
15061549 Charles II son of Philippe II; abdicated; Castile 15061556; Aragn and Sicily 15161556;
Naples 15161554; Empire 15191558
HANAU
The lords of Hanau expanded their territories, acquiring a portion of Mnzenberg in Wetterau and first one,
then another half of the Alsatian lordship of Lichtenberg by marriage. Reinhard II was promoted to imperial
count in 1429, and the family benefited from having adopted the rule of primogeniture unusually early.
Nevertheless, the family possessions were divided between Reinhard IIs grandson and surviving son into the
two long-lasting branches of Hanau-Mnzenberg (including Hanau itself) and Hanau-Lichtenberg (originally
known as Babenhausen) in 1458. 24 On the extinction of the male line of Hanau-Mnzenberg in 1642, that
county passed to Hanau-Lichtenberg. The male line of Hanau-Lichtenberg also became extinct in 1736, and
this county passed to Hesse Darmstadt, through the marriage of Johann Reinhard IIIs daughter Charlotte to
landgrave Ludwig VIII of Hesse-Darmstadt. Hanau and Mnzenberg, however, passed to landgrave Wilhelm
VIII of Hesse-Cassel, who was the son of Karl, son of Wihelm VI, son of Wilhelm V by Amalia Elisabeth, the
daughter of Philipp Ludwig II of Hanau-Mnzenberg. Lichtenberg was lost to France in 1789, recovered in
1871, and lost again in 1918. Hanau was promoted to principality in 1803, and after passing to the kingdom
of Westphalia in 1807 and the grand duchy of Frankfurt in 1810, returned to Hesse-Cassel in 1815.
Lords and Counts of Hanau
House of Hanau
c.12431281
12821305:
:13061346
13461369:
:13701380
13801404
& 13801451
& 13801411
14511452
14521458
14581500
15001512
15121529
15291561
15611580
15801612
16121638
16381641
16411642
24
Reinhard I son of (?) Reinhard II of Dorfelden; seneschal of the archbishop of Mainz

Ulrich I son of Reinhard I
Ulrich II son of Ulrich I
Ulrich III son of Ulrich II
Ulrich IV son of Ulrich III
Ulrich V son of Ulrich IV; abdicated, died c.1419
Reinhard II son of Ulrich IV; count 1429
Johann son of Ulrich IV
Reinhard III son of Reinhard II
Philipp, the Younger son of Reinhard III; to Mnzenberg 14581500
(division into Mnzenberg and Babenhausen/Lichtenberg 1458)
Counts of Hanau-Mnzenberg
Philipp I, the Younger son of count Reinhard III of Hanau; Hanau 14521458
Reinhard IV son of Philipp I
Philipp II son of Reinhard IV
Philipp III son of Philipp II
Philipp Ludwig I son of Philipp III
Philipp Ludwig II son of Philipp Ludwig I
Philipp Moritz son of Philipp Ludwig II
Philipp Ludwig III son of Philipp Moritz
Johann Ernst son of Albrecht of Schwarzenfels, son of Philipp Ludwig I
Each of the six counts reigning in Mnzenberg from 1512 to 1641 started his reign underage.
16421685
16851712
17121736
14581480
14801504
15041538
15381590
15901599
15991625
16251641
16411680
16801685
16851736
Friedrich Kasimir son of count Philipp Wolfgang of Hanau-Lichtenberg

Philipp Reinhard son of count Johann Reinhard II of Hanau-Lichtenberg, brother of
Friedrich Kasimir; prince 1696
Johann Reinhard III brother of Philipp Reinhard
(to Hesse-Cassel 1736; Hanau to Westphalia 1807; to Frankfurt 1810; to Hesse-Cassel 1815)
Counts of Hanau-Babenhausen, then Hanau-Lichtenberg
Philipp I, the Elder son of count Reinhard II of Hanau
Philipp II son of Philipp I; inherited of Lichtenberg 1481
Philipp IV son of Philipp III
Philipp V son of Philipp IV
Johann Reinhard I son of Philipp V; all Lichtenberg 1570
Philipp Wolfgang son of Johann Reinhard I
Friedrich Kasimir son of Philipp Wolfgang; abdicated; to Mnzenberg 16421685
+ Johann Philipp son of Philipp Wolfgang; associated 16411669
+ Johann Reinhard II son of Philipp Wolfgang; associated 16411666
Philipp Reinhard son of Johann Reinhard II; to Mnzenberg 16851712; prince 1696
Johann Reinhard III son of Johann Reinhard II; Mnzenberg 1712
(to Hesse-Darmstadt 1736; to France 1789; to Germany 1871; to France 1918)
HANOVER (HANNOVER)
The electorate of Hanover began as the duchy of Calenberg, part of Brunswick-Lneburg in Lower Saxony. In
1692 duke Ernst August was recognized as an elector of the Holy Roman Empire. His son Georg I inherited
Lneburg (Celle) from an uncle in 1705, and became king of Great Britain (George I) in 1714. In Germany
the dynasty also obtained Saxe-Lauenburg by inheritance (1702), the duchies of Bremen and Verden by cession
from Sweden (1719), and the bishopric of Osnabrck by its secularization (1803). However, in 18031813,
Hanover was occupied by the French and the Prussians. In 1813 the dynasty was restored, and in 1815 Georg
III (George III of England) was declared king of Hanover. The territory of the kingdom was solidified by the
cession of Saxe-Lauenberg to Prussia, and the acquisition of East Frisia and Hildesheim in exchange. The
personal union with Great Britain ended in 1837 when, due to the Salic Law of succession, Hanover passed to
the eldest surviving son of Georg III, Ernst August, instead of his niece Victoria. In 1866, having taken the side
of Austria against the victorious Prussians, Hanover was annexed by Prusssia. In 1913 the grandson of the last
king of Hanover was finally allowed to succeed the extinct branch of the dynasty as duke of Brunswick.
Electors and Kings of Hanover
Welf House of Brunswick-Lneburg
16921698 Ernst August son of duke Georg of Brunswick-Lneburg in Calenberg; Calenberg 16791692
16981727 Georg I son of Ernst August; Great Britain 17141727
17271760 Georg II son of Georg I; also Great Britain
17601803 Georg III son of Friedrich Ludwig, son of Georg II; Great Britain 17601820
18031813 (to France 1803, to Prussia 1805, to France 1806, to France and Westphalia 1807)
18131820 Georg III restored; king 1815
18201830 Georg IV son of Georg III; also Great Britain
18301837 Wilhelm son of Georg III; also Great Britain
18371851 Ernst August son of Georg III
18511866
Georg V son of Ernst August; deposed, died 1878

(to Prussia 1866)
HATZFELD
Melchior I of Hatzfeld received the Franconian county of Gleichen in 1639 and the Lower Silesian county of
Trachenberg in 1641, when he was promoted to imperial count. In 1748 one of his descendants was promoted
to prince, but on the extinction of the direct male line of heirs in 1794, Gleichen reverted to Mainz. In 1806
the remainder of the principality was mediatized, passing to Prussia.
Counts and Princes of Hatzfeld in Gleichen
House of Hatzfeld
16391658
16581677
16771683
16831738
17381779
17791794
17941806
Melchior I son of Sebastian I of Hatzfeld-Crottendorf; Trachenberg 1641; count 1641

Hermann brother of Melchior I
Heinrich son of Hermann
Franz son of Heinrich
Franz Philipp Adrian son of Franz; prince 1748
Friedrich Karl son of Franz Philipp Adrian
Franz Ludwig son of Karl Ferdinand of Hatzfeld-Werther; mediatized, died 1827
(Gleichen to Mainz 1794; to Prussia 1806; to France 1807; to Prussia 1814; to SaxeWeimar 1815; Trachenberg to Prussia 1806; to Germany 1918; to Poland 1945)
HEINSBERG
The small lordship of Heinsberg came to include two separate territories, one around the castle of Heinsberg
north of Aachen, and the other around Blankenberg east of Bonn. Once the lordship passed to a branch of the
comital house of Cleves, the lords assumed the title of count. The counts also usually controlled the lordship
of Valkenburg just south of Heinsberg until 1228, when it passed to a separate branch of the family (then to
Brabant in 1370). In 1363 Gottfried III had to sell Blankenberg to Cleves. It was united with Jlich 1475.
Lords and Counts of Heinsberg
House of Wassenberg
:10821104: Goswin I son of (?) Dietrich of Wassenberg; lord of Heinsberg and Valkenburg
1104:1118: Goswin II son of Goswin I
& 1104:1128 Gerhard son of Goswin I
Goswin III son of Gerhard; to Valkenburg 11281167: (line extinct c.1217)
& 11281190 Gottfried I son of Goswin II
11901207: Adelheid daughter of Gottfried I
& 1190:1200 Arnold husband of Adelheid; son of count Dietrich II of Cleves
Antoing House of Cleves
:12171228 Dietrich I son of Arnold and Adelheid; inherited Valkenburg c.1217
12281259 Agnes daughter of Dietrich I; abdicated, died 1267:
& :12331259 Heinrich of Sponheim married Agnes; son of count Gottfried III of Sponheim
House of Sponheim
12671303 Dietrich II son of Heinrich and Agnes
13031331 Gottfried II son of Dietrich II
13311361 Dietrich III son of Gottfried II
+ Johann I son of Gottfried II; associated in Dalenbroich 13311334
13341395
13951438
14381441:
:14431448
14481469
& 14561469
House of Nassau
14691479
& 14721511
Gottfried III son of Johann I

Johann II son of Gottfried III
Johann III son of Johann II
Johann IV son of Johann III
Johanna daughter of Johann IV
Johann V of Nassau married Johanna; son of count Philipp I of Nassau-Weilburg; died 1472
Elisabeth daughter of Johann V and Johanna
Wilhelm of Jlich married Elisabeth; son of duke Gerhard of Jlich; Jlich 14751511
(union with Jlich 1475; divided between Brandenburg and the Palatinate-Neuburg
1609; to the Palatinate-Neuburg 1614, united with the Palatinate 1685, and with
Bavaria 1777; to France 1794; to Prussia 1815)
HELFENSTEIN
In c.1171 count Ludwig IV of Spitzenberg inherited Helfenstein by marriage to its heiress. The counts
benefited from their support of the Hohenstaufen and Luxembourg emperors, and served their greater
neighbors in the Palatinate, Bavaria, and Wrttemberg. The division of the county between the lines of
Wiesensteig and Blaubeuren led to financial difficulties, and as early as 1382 Helfenstein itself was mortgaged
to the city of Ulm, which purchased the castle in 1396. Blaubeuren and Heidenheim, the centers of the other
comital line, were sold to Wrttemberg in 14471448, which proceeded to acquire the remaining holdings of
the Wiesensteig branch in 14501457. These lands later passed to Bavaria, but returned to Wrttemberg in
1504. Shorn of their most important possessions, the counts of Helfenstein declined in importance. On the
male lines extinction in 1627, the Gundelfingen branch was inherited by Frstenberg, while Wiesensteig was
divided between three heiresses.
Counts of Helfenstein
House of Spitzenberg
c.11711193:
:12071241:
& :1207c.1212
& :12071228:
1228:c.1280
:12591294:
c.12801295
:13031315
13151340
& 13151326
13401356
13561372
13721402
& 13721448
14481462
& 14481493
& 14481483
Ludwig I son of count Rudolf of Spitzenberg

Ulrich I son of Ludwig I
Rudolf I son of Ludwig I
Eberhard I son of Ludwig I; in Spitzenberg
Ludwig II son of Eberhard I; in Spitzenberg
Eberhard II son of Ludwig II; in Spitzenberg
Johann I son of Ulrich III
Ulrich IV son of Ulrich III
Ulrich V, the Elder son of Johann I
(division into Wiesensteig and Blaubeuren 1356)
Counts of Helfenstein in Wiesensteig
Ulrich V, the Elder son of count Johann I of Helfenstein; Helfenstein 13401356
Konrad I son of Ulrich V
Friedrich I son of Ulrich V
Ulrich IX son of Friedrich I
Ludwig III son of Friedrich I
14831493
& 14831502
14931548
& 14931525
15481564
& 15481570
15641601
16011627
16271665
& 16271678
& 16271641
Ludwig IV son of Friedrich II

Ulrich X son of Ludwig IV
Ludwig V, Helferich son of Ludwig IV
Sebastian son of Ulrich X
Ulrich XI son of Ulrich X
Rudolf II son of Sebastian
Maria Johanna daughter of Rudolf III 25
Isabella Eleonore daughter of Rudolf III 26
Franziska Caroline daughter of Rudolf III 27
(divided between heirs 1627)
15461573
15731599
& 15731607
& 15731622
16221627
Counts of Helfenstein in Gundelfingen

Georg II son of count Ulrich X of Helfenstein-Wiesensteig
Schweickart son of Georg II
Georg III son of Georg II
Froben Christoph son of Georg II
Georg Wilhelm son of Froben Christoph
(to Frstenberg 1627 28)
13561361
13611375
13751444
14441474
& 14441472
14741517
Counts of Helfenstein in Blaubeuren, then Wellenheim

Ulrich VI, the Younger son of count Ulrich IV of Helfenstein; in Heidenheim since 1351
Ulrich VII son of Ulrich V
Johann II son of Ulrich VII
Konrad II son of Johann II; in Blauberen until 1447
Ulrich VIII son of Johann III; in Heidenheim until 1448
Georg I son of Konrad II
(Wellenheim to Helfenstein-Wiesensteig 1517)
HENNEBERG
The north Franconian counts of Henneberg laid claim to Thuringia in the War of Thuringian Succession, and
Hermann I secured possession of Schmalkalden in 1247. The next year he acquired Coburg on the extinction
of the dukes of Merania. The family divided into three branches in 1274, and count Berthold VII of
Schleusingen was promoted to prince in 1310. His sons divided their lands into the lines of Coburg and
Schleusingen. The first of these ended in 1347, with its lands dispersed among several heiresses, two of whom
brought Coburg and Hildburghausen to the Wettin margraves of Meissen and landgraves of Thuringia. The
Schleusingen branch survived until 1583, when it was inherited by the Wettin dukes in Thuringia and electors
of Saxony, of whom the former received held 7/12 of the inheritance, and the latter 5/12. The numbering of
counts varies widely between different sources and often includes many non-reigning members of the family.
Married (1627) landgrave Maximilian Adam of Leuchtenberg, then (1648) duke Christian I of the PalatinateBischweiler.
26 Married (1629) count Martin Franz of ttingen-Baldern.
27 Married (1636) count Wratislaw II of Frstenberg, the widower of her cousin Johanna Eleonore.
28 Friedrich Christophs daughter Johanna Elonore had married count Wratislaw II of Frstenberg, who thus
inherited Gundelfingen, Mekirch, and Wildenstein.
25
Counts of Henneberg
House of Henneberg
:10371078 Poppo I son of Poppo
+ Godebold I brother of Poppo I; burgrave of Wrzburg 1091
10781118 Poppo II son of Poppo I
11181141: Godebold II son of Poppo I
:11441156 Poppo IV son of Godebold II
1156c.1159 Berthold I son of Godebold II
c.1159c.1190 Poppo VI son of Berthold I
c.1190c.1212 Berthold II son of Poppo VI
& c.11901245 Poppo VII, the Wise son of Poppo VI
& c.11901244 Otto I son of Poppo VI; in Botenlauben
+ Otto II son of Otto I; associated in Botenlauben :12281231; abdicated, died 1249
12451262 Heinrich I son of Poppo VII; Schleusingen
& 12451290 Hermann I son of Poppo VII; Schmalkalden 1247; Coburg 1248
12621274 Berthold III son of Heinrich I; to Schleusingen 12741284
& 12621274 Hermann II son of Heinrich I; to Aschach 12741292
& 12621274 Heinrich II son of Heinrich I; to Hartenberg 12741317
(division into Aschach, Schelusingen, and Hartenberg 1274)
12741284
12841340
12901291
13401347
& 13401359
13591405
& 13591375
& 1359c.1360
14051426
14261444
& 14261436
14441480
14801484
& 14801559
& 14801488
15591583
12741292
12921306
& 12921355:
Counts of Henneberg in Schleusingen

Berthold III son of count Heinrich I of Henneberg; Henneberg 12621274
Berthold IV son of Berthold III; Schleusingen; princely count 1310; Schmalkalden and
Coburg 1312
Poppo VIII son of Hermann I; Schmalkalden and Coburg (to Brandenburg 12911312) 29
Heinrich IV, the Younger son of Berthold IV; Schmalkalden and Coburg
Johann I son of Berthold IV; Schleusingen
Heinrich V son of Johann I
Berthold VI son of Johann I; abdicated, died 1416
Johann II son of Johann I
Wilhelm I son of Heinrich V
Wilhelm II son of Wilhelm I
Heinrich VI, the Restless son of Wilhelm I; abdicated, died 1475
Wilhelm III son of Wilhelm II
Wolfgang son of Wilhelm III
Wilhelm IV son of Wilhelm III
Ernst posthumous son of Wilhelm III
Georg Ernst son of Wilhelm IV; associated 1543
(divided between the Wettins of Saxony and Thuringia 1583; to Prussia 1815)
Counts of Henneberg in Aschlach
Hermann II son of count Heinrich I of Henneberg; Henneberg 12621274
Hermann III son of Hermann II
Heinrich III son of Hermann II
On Poppo VIIIs death in 1291, Coburg and Schmalkalden passed to margrave Otto V of BrandenburgSalzwedel, husband of Poppos sister Jutta. Otto Vs grandson Johann V sold Coburg and Schmalkalden to
Berthold IV of Henneberg in 1312.
29
:13561390
12741317
13171348
13481371
13711403
14031422
14221465
14651488
& 14651502
14881535
15351548
& 15351549
Hermann IV son of Heinrich III; sold county; to Hartenberg 13711403

(to Dietrich von Bibra 1390; to the bishop of Wrzburg 1401)
Counts of Henneberg in Hartenberg
Heinrich II son of count Heinrich I of Henneberg; Henneberg 12621274
Poppo IX son of Heinrich II
Berthold V son of Poppo IX; sold county, died 1378
Hermann IV son of count Heinrich III of Henneberg-Aschlach; Aschlach :13561390
Friedrich I son of Hermann IV
Georg son of Friedrich I
Friedrich II son of Georg
Otto III son of Georg
Hermann V son of Friedrich II
Berthold VII son of Hermann V; in Rmhild; sold county, died 1549
Albrecht son of Hermann V; in Schwarza
(Rmhild to Mansfeld 1548; to Saxony 1555)
HESSE (HESSEN)
On the extinction of the House of Thuringia in 1247, its inheritance was contested between the Houses of
Brabant and Meissen. While the Wettin House of Meissen took over Thuringia proper, by 1263 a branch of
the House of Brabant secured possession of Hesse (Hessen) in northern Franconia and also took the title of
landgrave. The landgraviate was divided among the four sons of Philipp I in 1567, which eventually led to the
establishment of the two main lines of Hesse-Cassel (Kassel) and Hesse-Darmstadt. The landgrave of HesseCassel obtained the title of elector in 1803 and strangely kept it in use even after the dissolution of the Holy
Roman Empire in 1806. Electoral Hesse was annexed by Prussia in 1866. The landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt
took the title of grand duke in 1806 and the grand duchy survived to enter the German Empire in 1871. It was
abolished only in the aftermath of World War II alongside the other surviving German monarchies.
Landgraves of Hesse
Hainault House of Brabant
12631308 Heinrich I, the Child son of duke Hendrik II of Brabant by Sophie of Thuringia
13081328 Otto son of Heinrich I; in Upper Hesse (Marburg)
& 13081311 Johann son of Heinrich I; in Lower Hesse (Cassel)
13281376 Heinrich II, the Iron son of Otto
+ Ludwig son of Otto; associated in Grebenstein 13281345
+ Hermann son of Otto; associated in Nordeck 13281368/1370
+ Otto, the Marksman son of Heinrich II; associated 13401366
13761413 Hermann, the Learned son of Ludwig; associated 1367
14131458 Ludwig I, the Peaceable son of Hermann
(division into Cassel and Marburg 1458)
14581471
14711493
& 14711509
15091567
Landgraves in Lower Hesse (Cassel), all Hesse 1500

Ludwig II, the Candid son of Ludwig I of Hesse
Wilhelm I, the Elder son of Ludwig II; abdicated, died 1515
Wilhelm II, the Middle son of Ludwig II; all Hesse 1500
Philipp I, the Magnanimous son of Wilhelm II
(division into Cassel, Marburg, Rheinfels, and Darmstadt 1567)
14581483
14831500
15671592
& 15671583
15921627
16271637
16371663
16631670
16701730
17301751
17511760
17601785
17851803
18031807
18071813
18131821
18211831
18311866
Landgraves in Upper Hesse (Marburg)

Heinrich III, the Rich son of Ludwig I of Hesse
+ Ludwig III son of Heinrich III; associated 14741478
Wilhelm III, the Younger son of Heinrich III
(to Lower Hesse 1500)
Landgraves of Hesse in Cassel (Kassel) and Rheinfels
Wilhelm IV, the Wise son of Philipp I of Hesse; in Cassel
Philipp II brother of Wilhelm IV; in Rheinfels
Moritz, the Learned son of Wilhelm IV; abdicated, died 1632
Wilhelm V, the Steadfast son of Moritz; associated 1623
Wilhelm VI, the Righteous son of Wilhelm V
Wilhelm VII son of Wilhelm VI
Karl son of Wilhelm VI
Friedrich I son of Karl; Sweden 17201751
Wilhelm VIII son of Karl; regent since 1730
Friedrich II son of Wilhelm VIII
Wilhelm IX son of Friedrich II; elector of Hesse 18031821
Electors of Hesse
Wilhelm I former landgrave of Hesse-Cassel 17851803; deposed
(to Westphalia)
Wilhelm I restored
Wilhelm II son of Wilhelm I; abdicated, died 1847
Friedrich Wilhelm I son of Wilhelm II; deposed, died 1875
(to Prussia 1866)
1678
16781739
17391768
17681790
17901806
Landgraves of Hesse in Darmstadt and Marburg

Georg I, the Pious son of Philipp I of Hesse; in Darmstadt
Ludwig IV, Testator brother of Georg I; in Marburg
Ludwig V, the Faithful son of Georg I
+ Philipp, the Learned son of Georg I; associated in Butzbach 16091643
Georg II, the Learned son of Ludwig V
+ Johann son of Ludwig V; associated in Braubach 16431651
Ludwig VI son of Georg II
+ Georg son of Georg II; associated in Itter 16611676
Ludwig VII son of Ludwig VI
Ernst Ludwig son of Ludwig VI
Ludwig VIII son of Ernst Ludwig
Ludwig IX son of Ludwig VIII
Ludwig X son of Ludwig IX; grand duke of Hesse 18061830
18061830
18301848
18481877
Grand Dukes of Hesse

Ludwig I former landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt 17901806
Ludwig II son of Ludwig I
Ludwig III son of Ludwig II
15671597
& 15671604
15971626
16261661
16611678
18771892
18921918
16221638
16381681
& 16381677
& 16381708
17081746
17461751
17511806
18061816
18161820
18201829
18291839
18391846
18461848
18481866
Ludwig IV son of Karl, son of Ludwig II

Ernst Ludwig son of Ludwig IV; deposed, died 1937
(to Germany 1918)
Landgraves of Hesse in Homburg
Friedrich I son of Georg I of Hesse-Darmstadt
Wilhelm Christoph son of Friedrich I
Georg Christian son of Friedrich I
Friedrich II, Silverleg son of Friedrich I
Friedrich IV son of Kasimir Wilhelm, son of Friedrich II
Friedrich V son of Friedrich IV; deposed
(to Hesse-Darmstadt)
Friedrich V restored
Ludwig son of Friedrich V
Philipp son of Friedrich V
Gustav son of Friedrich V
Ferdinand son of Friedrich V
(to Prussia 1866)
HOHENLOHE
The Swabian counts of Hohenlohe divided their possessions among several family lines, brifely reunited in the
mid-16th century by the counts of Hohenlohe-Neuenstein. In 1551 the family lands were divided between two
main branches, those of Neuenstein and Waldenburg, each of which subdivided further over the course of the
following centuries. The counts of Schillingsfrst and Bartenstein, offshoots of the Waldenburg branch, were
promoted to princes in 1744. Those of hringen, Langenburg, Ingelfingen, and Kirchberg followed suit in
1764. In 1806 the entire family was mediatized in favor of Bavaria and Wrttemberg. The list includes only
those family lines that attained princely rank.
Counts of Hohenlohe in Neuenstein
House of Hohenlohe
15511568 Ludwig Kasimir son of count Georg III of Hohenlohe-Neuenstein
15681575 Albrecht son of Ludwig Kasimir
& 15681610 Wolfgang II son of Ludwig Kasimir; Weikersheim 1586; Langenburg 1590;
Neuenstein and Kirchberg 1596
& 15681696 Philipp son of Ludwig Kasimir; Neuenstein 1586; Kirchberg 1590
& 15681590 Friedrich son of Ludwig Kasimir; Langenburg and Kirchberg 1586
16101645 Georg Friedrich son of Wolfgang II; in Weikersheim
& 16101641 Kraft VII son of Wolfgang II; in Neuenstein
16411677 Siegfried son of Kraft VII; to Weikersheim 16771684
& 16411698 Wolfgang Julius son of Kraft VII; Neuenstein 1677
& 16411677 Johann Friedrich I son of Kraft VII; to hringen 16771702
& 16411677 Johann Ludwig son of Kraft VII; to Knzelsau 16771689
(to hringen 1698)
16771702
17021765
& 17021756
17651805
Counts and Princes of Hohenlohe in hringen

Johann Friedrich I son of count Kraft VII of Hohenlohe-Neuenstein; Neuenstein 16411677
Johann Friedrich II son of Johann Friedrich I; hringen 1708; prince 1764
Karl Ludwig son of Johann Friedrich I; Weikersheim 1708
Ludwig Friedrich Karl son of Johann Friedrich II
(to Ingelfingen 1805)
16101628
16281676
& 16281699
16991715
17151765
17651789
17891806
Counts and Princes of Hohenlohe in Langenburg

Philipp Ernst son of count Wolfgang II of Hohenlohe-Neuenstein
Joachim Albrecht son of Philipp Ernst; in Kirchberg
Heinrich Friedrich son of Philipp Ernst; in Langenburg; inherited Gleichen 1631
Albrecht Wolfgang son of Heinrich Friedrich
Ludwig son of Albrecht Wolfgang; prince 1764
Christian Albrecht son of Ludwig
Karl Ludwig son of Christian Albrecht; mediatized, died 1825
(to Wrttemberg 1806)
16991743
17431781
17811796
17961806
1806
Counts and Princes of Hohenlohe in Ingelfingen

Christian Kraft son of count Heinrich Friedrich of Hohenlohe-Langenburg
Philipp Heinrich son of Christian Kraft of Ingelfingen; prince 1764
Heinrich August brother of Philipp Heinrich
Friedrich Ludwig son of Heinrich August; inherited hringen 1805; abdicated, died 1818
August son of Friedrich Ludwig; mediatized, died 1853
16991737
17371767
17671806
Counts and Princes of Hohenlohe in Kirchberg

Friedrich Eberhard son of count Heinrich Friedrich of Hohenlohe-Langenburg
Karl August son of Friedrich Eberhard of Kirchberg; prince 1764
Christian Friedrich Karl son of Karl August; mediatized, died 1819
(to Bavaria 1806)
15511570
15701600
16001615
& 16001644
& 16001615
16441658
& 16441679
16151650
16501681
16811685
Counts of Hohenlohe in Waldenburg

Eberhard son of count Georg III of Hohenlohe-Neuenstein
Georg Friedrich I son of Eberhard
Ludwig Eberhard son of Georg Friedrich I; to Pfedelbach 16151650
Philipp Heinrich son of Georg Friedrich I
Georg Friedrich II son of Georg Friedrich I; to Schillingsfrst 16151635
Wolfgang Friedrich son of Philipp Heinrich
Philipp Gottfried son of Philipp Heinrich
(to Schillingsfrst 1679)
Counts of Hohenlohe in Pfedelbach
Ludwig Eberhard son of count Georg Friedrich I of Hohenlohe-Waldenburg;
Waldenburg 16001615
Friedrich Kraft son of Ludwig Eberhard
Hiskias son of Ludwig Eberhard
16851728
16151635
16351675
& 16351697
16751688
16971759
17591793
17931796
17961806
16881729
17291763
17631798
17981806
& 17981806
1806
Ludwig Gottfried son of Hiskias

(to Bartenstein 1728)
Counts of Hohenlohe in Schillingsfrst
Georg Friedrich II son of count Georg Friedrich I of Hohenlohe-Waldenburg;
Waldenburg 16001615
Christian son of Georg Friedrich II
Ludwig Gustav son of Georg Friedrich II
Philipp Karl son of Christian; to Bartenstein 16881729
Philipp Ernst son of Ludwig Gustav; prince 1744
Karl Albrecht I son of Philipp Ernst
Karl Albrecht II son of Karl Albrecht I
Karl Albrecht III son of Karl Albrecht II; mediatized, died 1843
(to Bavaria 1806)
Counts and Princes of Hohenlohe in Bartenstein
Philipp Karl son of count Christian of Hohenlohe-Schillingsfrst; Schillingsfrst
16751688; inherited Pfedelbach 1728
Karl Philipp son of Philipp Karl; prince 1744
Ludwig Leopold son of Karl Philipp; abdicated, died 1799
Ludwig Alois son of Ludwig Leopold; in Bartenstein; abdicated, died 1829
Karl Joseph son of Ludwig Leopold; in Jagstberg; mediatized, died 1838
Karl August son of Ludwig Leopold; in Bartenstein; mediatized, died 1844
HOHENZOLLERN
The county of Hohenzollern was located in Swabia. The counts became imperial princes in 1623. The dynasty
acquired additional importance as one of its branches acquired the burgraviate of Nrnberg, later becoming
margraves, then electors, of Brandenburg in the early 15th century, also dukes of Prussia in the 16th century.
The rulers of Brandenburg-Prussia helped elevate the status of their Hohenzollern cousins, and the
Hohenzollern princes of Hechingen and Sigmaringen became sovereign rulers in both the Confederation of the
Rhine and the German Confederation. In 1849 the princes of both Hechingen and Sigmaringen abdicated in
favor of the king of Prussia and the principalities were united with Prussia.
Counts of Hohenzollern
c.1145c.1200 Friedrich I son of count Friedrich II of Zollern
c.12001251: Friedrich II, the Admiral son of Friedrich I
& c.12001226 Konrad son of Friedrich I; to Nrnberg 12261260:
:12551289 Friedrich III, the Illustious son of Friedrich II
12891297: Friedrich IV, the Knight son of Friedrich III
:12981309 Friedrich V, the Eldest son of Friedrich IV
& :12981333 Friedrich VI, Ostertag son of Friedrich IV
13091313 Fritzli I son of Friedrich V
& 13091320 Albrecht I son of Friedrich V
13201368: Albrecht II son of Albrecht I
& 13201371: Heinrich son of Albrecht I
13331339
& 13331377
13421365:
:13681401
13771412
& 1377c.1410
14011426
& 14011439
14391488
14881512
15121517
& 15121538
& 15121525
15171535
15251575
15381558
Fritzli II son of Friedrich VI

Friedrich VII, the Black Count son of Friedrich VI
Friedrich VIII, of Straburg son of Friedrich VI; associated
Friedrich IX, the Elder son of Friedrich VIII; associated
Friedrich X son of Friedrich IX
Friedrich XI, Ostertag son of Friedrich IX; associated
Friedrich XII, of ttingen son of Friedrich IX; deposed; associated 14401443
Eitel Friedrich I son of Friedrich IX
Jost Nikolaus I, the Bearded son of Eitel Friedrich I
Eitel Friedrich II son of Jost Nikolaus I
Franz Wolfgang son of Eitel Friedrich II
Joachim son of Eitel Friedrich II
Eitel Friedrich III son of Eitel Friedrich II
Christoph Friedrich son of Franz Wolfgang; abdicated, died 1536
Karl I son of Eitel Friedrich III; abdicated, died 1576
Jost Nikolaus II son of Joachim
(division into Hechingen, Sigmaringen, and Haigerloch 1575)
15751605
16051623
16231661
16611671
16711735
17351750
17501798
17981810
18101838
18381849
Counts and Princes of Hohenzollern in Hechingen

Eitel Friedrich IV son of Karl I of Hohenzollern
Johann Georg son of Eitel Friedrich IV; prince 1623
Eitel Friedrich V son of Johann Georg
Philipp son of Johann Georg
Friedrich Wilhelm I son of Philipp
Friedrich Ludwig son of Friedrich Wilhelm I
Joseph Wilhelm son of Hermann Friedrich, son of Philipp
Hermann Friedrich son of Franz Xaver, brother of Joseph Wilhelm
Friedrich Hermann son of Hermann Friedrich
Friedrich Wilhelm II son of Friedrich Hermann; abdicated, died 1869
(to Prussia 1849)
15751606
16061638
16381681
16811689
16891715
17151769
17691785
17851831
18311848
18481849
Counts and Princes of Hohenzollern in Sigmaringen

Karl II son of count Karl I of Hohenzollern
Johann son of Karl II; prince 1623
Meinrad I son of Johann
Maximilian I son of Meinrad I
Meinrad II son of Maximilian I
Joseph Friedrich son of Meinrad II
Karl Friedrich son of Joseph Friedrich
Anton Alois son of Karl Friedrich
Karl III Anton son of Anton Alois; abdicated, died 1853
Karl Anton son of Karl III; abdicated, died 1885
(to Prussia 1849)
15751592
15921620
Counts of Hohenzollern in Haigerloch

Christoph son of Karl I of Hohenzollern
Johann Christoph son of Christoph
16201634
16341681
16811702
17021750
17501767
Karl son of Christoph

(to Sigmaringen)
Franz Anton son of Meinrad I of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen
Ferdinand Anton son of Franz Anton
Franz Christoph Anton son of Franz Anton
(to Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen 1767)
HOLLAND
The County of West Frisia, later called Holland, was part of the Lotharingian kingdom and duchy, and its
coastal location had exposed it to Viking attacks in the 9th century. Together with the rest of Lotharingia,
West Frisia recognized the authority of the German kings after 925. The local comital dynasty proved very
resilient and withstood the occasional attempts of German kings and Lotharingian dukes to dispossess it.
Holland also competed with neighboring Flanders for control over Zeeland, which was considered a Flemish
fief held by the count of Holland for a long time (10761323); in the end the count of Holland held Zeeland
directly from the Holy Roman emperor. From 1299 Holland came into personal union with the county of
Hainault by passing through inheritance to the House of Avesnes. In 13541356, the two counties passed to
the House of Wittelsbach, which held them until 1433, when they were ceded to the Valois duke of Burgundy.
Holland later became part of the Spanish Netherlands, until the declaration of independence from Habsburg
rule in 1581, when it became one of the leading provinces of the independent Netherlands.
Counts of West Frisia and Holland
House of West Frisia/Holland
916939 Dirk I son of (?) count Gerulf of Kennemerland
939988 Dirk II son of (?) Dirk I
988993 Arnulf son of Dirk II
9931039 Dirk III, of Jerusalem son of Arnulf
10391049 Dirk IV son of Dirk III
10491061 Floris I son of Dirk III
10611091 Dirk V son of Floris I
10911121 Floris II, the Fat son of Dirk V
11211157 Dirk VI son of Floris II
Floris, the Black son of Floris II; rival 11291131; abdicated, died 1133
11571190 Floris III son of Dirk VI
11901203 Dirk VII son of Floris III
12031207 Ada daughter of Dirk VII; deposed, died 1223
& 12031207 Lodewijk of Loon married Ada; son of count Gerard of Loon; deposed, died 1218
12071222 Willem I son of Floris III; rival since 1203
12221234 Floris IV son of Willem I
12341256 Willem II son of Floris IV; Empire 12471256
12561296 Floris V son of Willem II
12961299 Jan I son of Floris V
Avesnes House of Hainault
12991304 Jan II son of count Jean I of Hainault by Aleida, daughter of Floris IV
13041337 Willem III, the Good son of Jan II
13371345 Willem IV, the Bold son of Willem III
13451354 Margaretha daughter of Willem III; abdicated, died 1356

13541389 Willem V, the Fool son of Margaretha by emperor Ludwig IV
13891404 Albrecht brother of Willem V; regent since 1358
14041417 Willem VI son of Albrecht
14171433 Jacoba daughter of Willem VI; abdicated, died 1436
& 14181422 Jan III of Brabant married Jacoba; son of duke Anton of Brabant; divorced, died 1427
& 14221428 Humfred of Gloucester married Jacoba; son of king Henry IV of England; divorced, died 1447
14331467 Filips I, the Good son of duke Jean II of Burgundy,
14671477 Karel I, the Rash son of Filips I
14821506 Filips II, the Handsome son of Maria by emperor Maximilian I; Castile 15041506
15061549 Karel II son of Filips II; abdicated; Castile 15061556; Aragn and Sicily 15161556;
Naples 15161554; Empire 15191558
(to the Spanish Netherlands 1549; to the Netherlands 1581; etc.)
HOLSTEIN (SCHLESWIG-HOLSTEIN)
The county of Holstein in Lower Saxony was ruled by the counts of Schaumburg (or Schauenburg) since the
beginning of the 12th century. The dynasty divided into several branches, of which the most important was the
line of Holstein-Rendsburg, which obtained the duchy of Schleswig in 1386. The throne passed to the House
of Oldenburg in 1459, and Holstein became a duchy in 1474. By this time the House of Oldenburg also ruled
the kingdoms of Denmark and Norway, and Schleswig and Holstein were typically conferred on junior
members of the royal house, with a proliferation of non-sovereign lines of dukes. The two main, and sovereign,
branches of the ducal house were the dukes of Schleswig-Holstein-Segeberg (simultaneously kings of Denmark)
and the dukes of Schleswig-Holstein-Gottorp. The latter branch was inherited by the former in 1771, but the
male line became extinct in 1863. The duke of the hitherto non-sovereign branch of Glckburg succeeded to
the throne of Denmark as king Christian IX in 1863, but was defeated in war against Austria and Prussia in his
attempt to keep Schleswig-Holsten. The duchies were turned over to the joint administration of Austria and
Prussia by treaty in 1864, and Prussia annexed them after defeating Austria in 1866.
Counts of Holstein
House of Schaumburg
11101130 Adolf I son of (?) Adolf
11311164 Adolf II son of Adolf I
11641203 Adolf III son of Adolf II; deposed, died 1225
12041227 Albrecht son of count Siegfried III of Weimar-Orlamnde; deposed, died 1245
House of Schaumburg
12271239 Adolf IV, Barefoot son of Adolf III; abdicated, died 1261
12391261 Johann I son of Adolf IV; to Kiel 12611263
& 12391261 Gerhard I son of Adolf IV; to Itzehoe 12611290
(division into Kiel and Itzehoe 1261)
12611263
12631308
& 12631315
Counts of Holstein in Kiel

Johann I son of Adolf IV of Holstein; Holstein 12391261
Adolf V, the Pomeranian son of Johann I; in Segeberg 1273
Johann II, the One-Eyed son of Johann I; in Kiel 1273; deposed, died c.1321
+ Adolf son of Johann II; associated in Segeberg 13081315

(to Holstein-Pln 1315)
12391290
12901312
13121359
& 13121317
13171350
13591390
12901315
13151353
13531366
& 13531404
& 1353c.1361
14041426
14261464
14641474
& 14641492
& 14641510
14921526
14981527
15271531
15311544
& 15311560
& 15311576
& 15311581
15761601
& 15761622
15811593
15931635
16351640
16401643
12901304
13041340
13401384
& 13401397
Counts of Holstein in Itzehoe

Gerhard I son of Adolf IV of Holstein; Holstein 12391261
(division into Itzehoe-Pln, Rendsburg, and Schamburg-Pinneburg 1290)
Counts of Holstein in Itzehoe and Pln
Gerhard II, the Blind son of Gerhard I
Johann III, the Mild son of Gerhard II; acquired Kiel and Segeberg 1315
Gerhard IV son of Gerhard II; in Segeberg 1316
Gerhard V son of Gerhard IV; in Segeberg
Adolf IX son of Johann III
(to Holstein-Rendsburg 1390)
Counts of Holstein in Schaumburg and Pinneberg
Adolf VI son of Gerhard I of Holstein-Itzehoe
Adolf VII son of Adolf VI
Adolf VIII son of Adolf VII
Otto I son of Adolf VII
Simon son of Adolf VII
Adolf X son of Otto I
Otto II son of Adolf X
Adolf XII son of Otto II
Erich son of Otto II
Otto III son of Otto II
Anton son of Otto II
Johann IV son of Otto II
Jobst I son of Johann IV
Adolf XIII son of Jobst I; in Pinneberg 1533; abdicated; archbishop of Cologne 15461556
Johann V son of Jobst I; in Bckeburg 1533
Otto IV son of Jobst I; in Schaumburg 1533; bishop of Hildesheim
Jobst II son of Jobst I; in Gemen 1533
Adolf XIV son of Otto IV; in Schaumburg
Ernst son of Otto IV; in Schaumburg; prince of Schaumburg 1619
Heinrich V son of Jobst II; in Gemen
Jobst Hermann son of Heinrich V; in Gemen; prince of Schaumburg 1622
Otto V son of Georg Hermann, son of Jobst II; prince of Schaumburg
Elisabeth mother of Otto V; daughter of count Simon VI of Lippe; abdicated, died 1646
(Schaumburg-Bckeburg to Schaumburg-Lippe 1643; the rest to Brunswick-Lneburg
and Hesse-Cassel)
Counts of Holstein in Rendsburg, Dukes of Schleswig
Heinrich I son of Gerhard I of Holstein-Itzehoe
Gerhard III, the Great son of Heinrich I
Heinrich II, the Iron son of Gerhard III
Nikolaus son of Gerhard III
13841404
& 13841403
& 13841421
14041427
& 14041459
& 14041433
House of Oldenburg
14591474
14741481
14811490
& 14811490
14901513
15131523
15231533
15331559
15591588
15881648
16481670
16701699
16991730
17301746
17461766
17661808
18081839
18391848
18481863
18631864
14901533
15331580
Gerhard VI son of Heinrich II; duke of Schleswig 1386

Albrecht II son of Heinrich II
Heinrich III son of Heinrich II; bishop of Osnabrck
Heinrich IV son of Gerhard VI
Adolf XI son of Gerhard VI
Gerhard VII son of Gerhard VI
Christian son of count Dietrich of Oldenburg by Hedwig, daughter of Gerhard VI;
Denmark 14481481; Norway 14501481; Sweden 14571464; duke of SchleswigHolstein 14741481
Dukes of Schleswig-Holstein
Christian I former count of Holstein and duke of Schleswig
Johann son of Christian I; Denmark 14811513; Norway 14831513; to Segeberg 14901513
Friedrich I son of Christian I; Denmark and Norway 15231533; to Gottorp 14901533
(division into Segeberg and Gottorp)
Dukes of Schleswig-Holstein in Segeberg and Glckstadt
Johann son of Christian I of Schleswig-Holstein; Schleswig-Holstein 14811490;
Denmark 14811513; Norway 14831513; Sweden 14971501
Christian II son of Johann; also Denmark and Norway; Sweden 15201521; deposed, died 1559
Friedrich I brother of Johann; also Denmark and Norway
Christian III son of Friedrich I; in Glckstadt; Denmark and Norway 15341559
Friedrich II son of Christian III; also Denmark and Norway
Christian IV son of Friedrich II; also Denmark and Norway
Friedrich III son of Christian IV; also Denmark and Norway
Christian V son of Friedrich III; also Denmark and Norway
Friedrich IV son of Christian V; also Denmark and Norway
Christian VI, the Pious son of Friedrich IV; also Denmark and Norway
Friedrich V son of Christian VI; also Denmark and Norway
Christian VII son of Friedrich V; also Denmark and Norway
Friedrich VI son of Christian VII; also Denmark; Norway 18081814
Christian VIII son of Friedrich, son of Friedrich VI; also Denmark; Norway 1814
Friedrich VII son of Christian VIII; also Denmark
Christian IX son of duke Wilhelm of Glcksburg, son of duke Friedrich Karl of Beck,
son of Karl Anton, son of duke Peter August, son of duke Friedrich Ludwig, son of
duke August Philipp, son of duke Alexander of Sonderburg, son of duke Johann, son
of Christian III; abdicated; Denmark 18631906
Friedrich VIII son of duke Christian of Augustenburg, son of duke Friedrich
Christian II, son of duke Friedrich Christian I, son of duke Christian August, son of
duke Friedrich Wilhelm, son of duke Ernst Gnther, son of duke Alexander of Beck,
son of duke Johann, son of Christian III; rival 18631866; deposed, died 1880
(to Austria and Prussia 1864; to Prussia 1866)
Dukes of Schleswig-Holstein in Gottorp
Friedrich I son of duke Christian I of Schleswig-Holstein; Schleswig-Holstein 14811490;
Denmark and Norway 15231533
Johann, the Elder son of Friedrich I; in Hadersleben
& 15331586
15861587
15871590
15901616
16161659
16591675
16751679
16791683
16831689
16891695
16951702
17021739
17391762
17621773
Adolf son of Friedrich I; in Gottorp

Friedrich II son of Adolf
Philipp son of Adolf
Johann Adolf son of Adolf; archbishop of Bremen and bishop of Lbeck
Friedrich III son of Johann Adolf
Christian Albrecht son of Friedrich III; bishop of Lbeck; deposed
(to Denmark)
Christian Albrecht restored; deposed
(to Denmark)
Christian Albrecht restored
Friedrich IV son of Christian Albrecht
Karl Friedrich son of Friedrich IV
Karl Peter Ulrich son of Karl Friedrich; Russia 1762
Paul son of Karl Peter Ulrich; abdicated; Russia 17961801
(to Denmark 1773; to Prussia 1864)
HORNE (HOORN)
The lords of Horne in the Netherlands were maternal descendants of the counts of Altena. The line
maintained itself from the 12th to the 16th century and the lord of Horne was promoted to count in 1450. On
the extinction of the male line in 1540, the county was inherited by the House of Montmorency. Count Filips
distinguished himself in Habsburg service but then opposed Spanish rule and was executed for treason. After a
disputed succession, Horne was acquired by the bishopric of Lige (Lttich) in 1614. In 1677 a principality
was created for the count of Baucignies, a descendant of the ancient lords of Horne, in Overijse within the
Spanish Netherlands. The third prince was promoted to imperial prince in 1736, but with his death the male
line became extinct. The principality passed to his son-in-law, the wildgrave/rhinegrave of Salm-Kyrburg.
Lords and Counts of Horne
House of Horne
13041331 Gerard I son of Willem III of Horne
13311343 Willem V son of Gerard I
13431345 Gerard II son of Willem V
1345c.1381 Willem VI son of Willem V
c.13811415 Willem VII son of Willem VI
14151433 Willem VIII son of Willem VII
14331488 Jakob I son of Willem VIII; count 1450
14881530 Jakob II son of Jakob I
15301531 Jakob III son of Jakob II
15311540 Jan son of Jakob II
House of Montmorency
15401568 Filips son of Joseph, son of Philippe of Montmorency by Maria, daughter of Frederik
of Montigny, son of Jakob I; adopted son of Jan, who had married Filips mother
Anna of Egmond
15681570 Floris brother of Filips
(disputed succession/to the bishopric of Lige 1570/1614)
Counts of Baucignies and Princes of Horne

House of Horne
16051612
16121656
16561709
17091718
17181763
Gerard son of Jan of Baucignies, son of Filips, son of Jan, son of Filips of Gaesbeek, son of
Jan, son of Arnold of Baucignies, son of Diederik, son of Willem V; count of Baucignies
Ambrosius son of Gerard
Eugenius Maximiliaan son of Ambrosius; prince 1677
Filips Emanuel son of Eugenius Maximiliaan
Maximiliaan Emanuel son of Filips Emanuel; imperial prince 1736
(to Salm-Kyrburg 1763 30; to France 1795; to the Netherlands 1815)
HOYA
The county of Hoya in lower Saxony was at one time vassal of the archbishop of Bremen. In the late 13th
century the lords of Hoya were promoted to counts. In 1324 the comital lineage divided into two lines, one
ruling from Hoya (the Lower County), the other from Nienburg (the Upper County). In 1503 the count
of Nienburg inherited Hoya, where the male line had become extinct. When the last count died without male
heirs in 1582, his lands passed mostly to Brunswick-Lneburg, with smaller portions passing to Hesse-Cassel
and Oldenburg. The conventional numbering of the counts includes numerous non-reigning members of the
family, among them bishops of Hildesheim, Minden, Mnster, and Osnabrck, Paderborn, and Verden, and an
archbishop of Bremen.
Counts of Hoya, then the Lower County
House of Stumpenhausen
12041235 Heinrich I son of Wedekind of Stumpenhausen
12351290 Heinrich II son of Heinrich I
12901278: Johann I son of Heinrich II; count 1276
& 1290c.1312 Gerhard II son of Heinrich II
& 12901324 Otto II son of Heinrich II
13241383 Gerhard III son of Otto II
& 13241345 Johann III son of Otto II; to Nienburg 13451377
13831428 Otto III son of Gerhard II
14281451 Otto V son of Otto III
14511497 Otto VII son of Otto V
& 14511503 Friedrich II son of Otto V
(to Hoya-Nienburg 1503)
13451377
13771426:
:14271466
14661507
15071545
& 15071535
& 15071547
15451563
& 15451582
Counts of Hoya in Nienburg (Upper County), then all Hoya

Johann II son of count Otto II of Hoya; Hoya 13241345
Erich I son of Johann II
Johann V son of Erich I
Jobst I son of Johann V; inherited Hoya 1503
Jobst II son of Jobst I
Johann VII son of Jobst I
Erich IV son of Jobst I
Albrecht II son of Jobst II
Otto VIII son of Jobst II
Maximilian Emanuels daughter Maria Theresia had married wildgrave/rhinegrave Philipp Joseph of SalmKyrburg.
30
& 15451575
Erich V son of Jobst II

(divided between Brunswick-Lneburg/Calenberg, Hesse-Cassel, and Oldenburg 1582)
ISENBURG
The ancient noble family of Isenburg ruled lands northeast and southeast of Frankfurt in Franconia, and
subdivided into a great many lines over the course of more than six centuries, with two main branches
designated Upper and Lower Isenburg. In 1442 Diether I of Bdingen was promoted to count. In 1601 count
Wolfgang Ernst I of Isenburg-Birstein-Offenbach, who died in 1633, reunited all the possessions of Upper
Isenburg, and in 1628 divided them among his sons, establishing the two major lines of Isenburg-OffebachBirstein and Isenburg-Bdingen. With the adoption of primogeniture in 1712, the familys further
subdivisions into branches ceased. In 1744 Wolfgang Ernst I of Isenburg-Birstein was the first in the family to
be promoted to prince, and in 1806 his grandson Karl joined the Confederation of the Rhine, for which he was
made sovereign prince of Isenburg, and rewarded with authority over the rest of the family lands. In 1815 the
Congress of Vienna mediatized the principality, which was divided between its neighbors Hesse-Cassel and
Hesse-Darmstadt. The list below does not include the branches of the family that never attained sovereignty.
Counts of Isenburg in Bdingen, in Bdingen, Birstein, and Offenbach
House of Isenburg
14081461
14611511
15111533
15331568
& 15331596
& 15331588
15961628
16281635
16351641
& 16351685
& 16351664
16851711
& 16851711
& 16851711
17111744
& 17111718
17441754
17541803
18031815
31
Diether I son of Johann II of Bdingen; count 1442

Ludwig II son of Diether I; purchased Birstein 1438
Philipp I son of Ludwig II; to Ronneburg, Kelsterbach 15111526 (line extinct 1601)
Diether II son of Ludwig II; to Wchtersbach 15111521
Johann V son of Ludwig II; in Birstein
Reinhard son of Johann V; in Offenbach
Philipp II son of Johann V; in Birstein
Ludwig III son of Johann V; in Offenbach
Wolfgang Ernst I son of Philipp II; abdicated, died 1633
Wolfgang Heinrich son of Wolfgang Ernst I
+ Philipp Ernst son of Wolfgang Ernst I; in Bdingen 16281635
+ Wilhelm Otto son of Wolfgang Ernst I; in Birstein 16281635; abdicated, died 1667
+ Ludwig Arnold son of Wolfgang Ernst I; in Wchtersbach 16281662
Johann Ernst son of Wolfgang Ernst I; to Bdingen 16281673 (line continued)
Wolfgang Ernst II son of Wolfgang Heinrich; in Birstein 31
Johann Ludwig son of Wolfgang Heinrich; in Offenbach; Birstein 1641
Christian Moritz son of Wolfgang Heinrich; in Offenbach; Birstein 1641
Johann Philipp son of Johann Ludwig; to Philippseich 17111718
Wilhelm Moritz I son of Johann Ludwig; in Birstein
Georg Ludwig son of Johann Ludwig; to Eisenberg 1711? (line extinct 1758)
Wolfgang Ernst III son of Wilhelm Moritz I; Offenbach 1718; prince 17441754
Wilhelm Moritz II son of Wilhelm Moritz I; to Philippseich 17181772 (line continued)
Princes of Isenburg and Bdingen, Princes of Isenburg
Wolfgang Ernst I former count of Isenburg-Birstein 17111744
Wolfgang Ernst II son of Wilhelm Emich, son of Wolfgang Ernst I; Eisenberg 1758
Karl son of Wolfgang Ernst II; prince of Isenburg 1806; mediatized, died 1820
(divided between Hesse-Cassel and Hesse-Darmstadt 1815)
French occupation 16351643.
JLICH
The county of Jlich belonged to Lower Lorraine and was established in the 11th century. In the 13th and 14th
centuries the county clashed with the powerful archbishop of nearby Cologne. In 1356 count Wilhelm V was
promoted to duke by emperor Karl IV, and in the 1370s the duke of Jlich successfully claimed the duchy of
Guelders by inheritance. On the extinction of the comital line in 1423, Jlich and Guelders passed to different
heirs, and Jlich joined the neighboring principalities of Berg in 1423, and Cleves and Mark in 1521. This
large and prosperous agglomeration was dissolved after the extinction of the House of Mark in 1609, when the
territory was disputed between the Wittlesbach House of the Palatinate-Neuburg and the Hohenzollern House
of Brandenburg. The Treaty of Xanten in 1614 allotted Jlich and Berg to the Palatinate (and later Bavaria).
Jlich was occupied by France in 1794, but the Congress of Vienna in 1815 turned it over to Prussia, except for
a small part, which was allotted to the Netherlands.
Counts of Jlich
House of Jlich
:10851127:
:11291143:
:11471176
11761207
House of Hengebach
12071218
12181278
12781297
12971328
13281356
Gerhard III son of count Gerhard II of Jlichgau

Gerhard IV son of Gerhard III
Wilhelm I son of Gerhard IV
Wilhelm II, the Great son of Wilhelm I
Wilhelm III son of Eberhard I of Hengebach by Jutta, daughter of Wilhelm I
Wilhelm IV son of Wilhelm III
Walram son of Wilhelm IV
Gerhard V son of Wilhelm IV
Wilhelm V son of Gerhard V; duke of Jlich 13561361
Dukes of Jlich
13561361 Wilhelm I former count of Jlich 13281356
13611393 Wilhelm II son of Wilhelm I; associated 1343
13931402 Wilhelm III son of Wilhelm II
14021423 Rainald son of Wilhelm II
Ravensberg House of Berg
14231437 Adolf son of duke Wilhelm I of Berg, son of count Gerhard of Berg, son of Wilhelm I
14371475 Gerhard son of count Wilhelm of Ravensberg, son of Wilhelm I
14751511 Wilhelm IV son of Gerhard
15111539 Johann, the Peaceable husband of Maria, daughter of Wilhelm IV; son of duke Johann II
of Cleves
15391592 Wilhelm V, the Rich son of Johann
15921609 Johann Wilhelm son of Wilhelm V; bishop of Mnster 15741585
(divided between Brandenburg and the Palatinate-Neuburg 1609; to the Palatinate-Neuburg 1614,
united with the Palatinate 1685, and with Bavaria 1777; to France 1794; to Prussia 1815)
KATZENELNBOGEN
The county of Katzenelnbogen emerged in the 12th century, in two separate areas of Franconia: Lower
Katzenelnbogen, located around this castle to the northwest of Wiesbaden, and Upper Katzenelnbogen around
Darmstadt to the southeast of Mainz. In the 12th century the family provided bishops of Osnabrck and
Mnster. In 1260 the family divided into two lines, the elder in Lower, the younger in Upper Katzenelnbogen.
The division lasted until 1403, when the younger branch inherited the elder. On the extinction of the male
line of counts in 1479, the county was inherited by the landgraves of Hesse-Marburg.
Counts of Katzenelnbogen
House of Katzenelnbogen
c.11021160 Heinrich II son of Heinrich I of Katzenelnbogen; count 1138
1160c.1173 Heinrich III son of Heinrich II
c.1173 c.1179 Berthold I son of Heinrich II
c.11791211: Berthold II son of Berthold I
& c.11791214: Diether III son of Berthold I
:1219c.1245 Diether IV son of Diether III
c.12451260 Diether V son of Diether IV; to Lower Katzenelnbogen 12601276
& c.12451260 Eberhard I son of Diether IV; to Upper Katzenelnbogen 12601311
(division into Upper and Lower Katzenelnbogen 1260)
12601276
12761331
13311385
& 13311403
12601311
13111312
& 13111321
13121329
& 13121357
13211328
& 13211332
13281354
13571402
14021444
14441479
Counts of Lower Katzenelnbogen

Diether V son of count Diether IV of Katzenelnbogen; Katzenelnbogen c.12451260
Wilhelm I son of Diether V
+ Diether VI son of Diether V; associated in Lichtenberg 12761315
+ Diether VII son of Diether VI; associated in Lichtenberg 13151325
+ Johann I son of Wilhelm I; associated 1325:1331
Wilhelm II son of Wilhelm I
Eberhard V son of Wilhelm I
(to Upper Katzenelnbogen 1403)
Counts of Upper Katzenelnbogen
Eberhard I son of count Diether IV of Katzenelnbogen; Katzenelnbogen c.12451260
Gerhard son of Eberhard I
Berthold III son of Eberhard I
Eberhard II son of Gerhard
Johann II son of Gerhard
Eberhard III son of Eberhard II
Johann III son of Eberhard II
Eberhard IV son of Eberhard III
Diether VIII son of Johann II
Johann IV son of Diether VIII; inherited Lower Katzenelnbogen 1403 32
Philipp, the Elder son of Johann IV
(to Hesse-Marburg 1479 33; to Hesse-Cassel 1500; Upper Katzenelnbogen to HesseDarmstadt and Lower Katzenelnbogen to Hesse-Rheinfels 1567; part of Katzenelnbogen
to Nassau 1801; to Prussia 1866)
Johann IV had married Eberhard Vs daughter Anna.

Philipps daughter Anna had married landgrave Heinrich III of Hesse, who succeeded his father-in-law in
1479.
32
33
KAUNITZ-RIETBERG
The small county of Rietberg in Westphalia was governed by the Cuyk House of Werl-Arnsberg until the late
16th cenutry. The county was inherited by the East Frisian House of Cirksena in 1584/1586. The Moravian
lords of Kaunitz acquired the county of Rietberg by marriage, and in 1764 Wenzel Anton was promoted to
prince of the Holy Roman Empire. He served as Austrias foreign minister for four decades from 1753 to
1794. In 1807 Rietberg was mediatized in favor of Westphalia, and in 1815 it passed to Prussia.
Counts of Rietberg
Cuyk House of Werl-Arnsberg
c.1203c.1217 Heinrich II son of count Heinrich I of Werl-Arnsberg
12371262 Konrad I son of Heinrich II; abdicated, died 1284:
12621282 Friedrich I son of Konrad I
12821313 Konrad II son of Friedrich I
& 12821323 Friedrich II son of Friedrich I
13131347 Otto I son of Konrad II
13471365 Konrad III son of Otto I
13651389 Otto II son of Konrad III
13891428 Konrad IV son of Otto II
14281472 Konrad V son of Konrad IV
14721516 Johann I son of Konrad V
15161535 Otto III son of Johann I
15351553 Otto IV son of Otto III
& 15351562 Johann II, the Mad son of Otto III 34
15621584 Armagard daughter of Johann II
& 15681575 Erich of Hoya married Armgard; son of count Jobst II of Hoya
& 15781584 Simon of Lippe married Armgard; son of count Bernhard VIII of Lippe; died 1613
15841586 Walburgis daughter of Johann II
& 15841586 Enno of Ostfriesland husband of Walburgis; son of count Edzard II of Ostfriesland;
died 1625
Cirksena House of Ostfriesland
15861618 Sabina Catharina daughter of Enno and Walburgis
& 16011625 Johann III of Ostfriesland married Sabina Catharina; brother of Enno; died 1625
16251640 Ernst Christoph son of Johann III and Sabina Catharina
16401660 Johann IV son of Johann III and Sabina Catharina
16601677 Friedrich Wilhelm son of Johann IV
16771680 Franz Adolf Wilhelm son of Johann IV; abdicated, died 1690
16801687 Ferdinand Maximilian son of Johann IV
16871746 Maria Ernestine Francisca daughter of Ferdinand Maximilian; abdicated, died 1758
& 16991746 Maximilian Ulrich married Maria Ernestine Francisca; son of Dominik Andreas of Kaunitz
House of Kaunitz
17461794 Wenzel Anton son of Maximilian Ulrich; prince 1764
17941797 Ernst Christoph son of Wenzel Anton
17971807 Dominik Andreas son of Wenzel Anton; mediatized, died 1812
(to Westphalia 1807; to Prussia 1815)
34
In Imperial captivity from 1557.
KIBURG
The Swabian counts of Kiburg (or Kyburg) northeast of Zrich controlled a sizable territory south of Konstanz
in what is now northeastern Switzerland, including the landgraviate of Burgundy east of Bern. By the marriage
of count Ulrich with Anna of Zhringen in the late 12th century, they inherited the Zhringen lands on the left
bank of the Rhine. When the male line of counts became extinct in 1264, Kiburg came under the control of
the House of Habsburg, significantly augmenting its pre-existing Swabian possessions. In 1271 king Rudolf I
invested his cousin Eberhard I of Habsburg-Laufenburg with a portion of the Kiburg inheritance, the
landgraviate of Burgundy (Neu-Kiburg), and married him to Anna, the daughter of count Hartmann V. The
Habsburg counts of Neu Kiburg gradually became dependent on the neighboring Swiss city of Bern, and sold
their remaining possessions to it in 14061408. Kiburg was retained by the Austrian Habsburgs, until turned
over to a succession of noble houses starting in 1377. It returned to Austria in 1442, then passed to the Zrich
in 1452.
Counts of Kiburg
House of Dillingen
11511180
11801227
12271228
& 12271264
12281263
House of Habsburg
12641283
12831290
12901309
12711284
12841301
13011322
13221357
13571360
13601377
13771383:
& 13771379
& 13771408
& 13771379
:13841408
Hartmann III son of count Adalbert I of Dillingen

Ulrich son of Hartmann III; husband of Anna, daughter of duke Berthold IV of Zhringen
Werner son of Ulrich
Hartmann IV son of Ulrich
Hartmann V son of Werner
Rudolf I son of count Albrecht IV of Habsburg by Hedwig, daughter of Ulrich; abdicated;
Johann, the Parricide son of Rudolf II; deposed, died 1313
(to Habsburg Austria 1309; delegated to various noble houses 1377; to Zrich 1424; to
Austria 1442; to Zrich 1452)
Counts of Neu-Kiburg (Burgdorf), landgraves of Burgundy
Eberhard I son of count Rudolf I of Habsburg-Laufenburg; married Anna, daughter of
count Hartmann V of Kiburg
Hartmann I son of Eberhard I
Hartmann II son of Hartmann I; landgrave in Burgundy 1313
Eberhard II son of Hartmann I
Eberhard III son of Eberhard II; abdicated, died 1395
Hartmann III son of Eberhard II
Rudolf son of Hartmann III
Eberhard IV son of Hartmann III
Egon son of Hartmann III; sold remnants of county 14061408; died 1414
Hartmann IV son of Hartmann III; abdicated, died 1401:
Berchtold son of Eberhard II; died 1417
(to Bern/Switzerland by 1408)
KLETTGAU
Much of Klettgau, a region of Swabia lying just north of the Danube, was ruled by the counts of Habsburg
since the 10th century. In the 1230s a particular branch of the House of Habsburg established itself at
Laufenburg in Fricktal, just south of the Rhine, and acquired control over portions of neighboring region,
including the landgraviate of Klettgau to the northeast. On the extinction of the male line in 1408, the
landgraviate passed by marriage to the counts of Sulz. When that family became extinct in the male line in
1687, the landgraviate was acquired by prince Ferdinand Wilhelm Eusebius of Schwarzenberg, who had
married Maria Anna, the daughter and heiress of the landgrave Johann Ludwig II. In 1694 the new landgrave
of Klettgau was promoted to princely rank. When the House of Schwarzenberg was mediatized in 1806,
Klettgau passed to the Grand Duchy of Bade.
Counts of Habsburg in Laufenburg, landgraves of Klettgau
House of Habsburg
:12391249
12491271
& 12491253
& 12491271
12711314:
:13151337
13371380
& 13371383
& 13371375
13801392
13831408
14081410
Rudolf I, the Silent son of count Rudolf II of Habsburg

Gottfried I son of Rudolf I
Werner son of Rudolf I
Eberhard son of Rudolf I; to Neu-Kiburg 12711284
Rudolf II son of Gottfried I
Johann I son of Rudolf II; landgrave in Klettgau 1325
Johann II son of Johann I; in Neu-Rapperswill
Rudolf III son of Johann I
Gottfried II son of Johann I; in Alt-Rapperswill
Johann III son of Johann II; in Neu-Rapperswill
Johann IV son of Rudolf III
Ursula daughter of Johann IV; abdicated, died 1460
Counts of Sulz, landgraves of Klettgau
House of Sulz
14101439
14391484
& 14391492:
& 14391487
:14931535
15351547
15471565
& 15471552
& 15471572
15721620
& 15721616
16161628
16281648
16481687
Rudolf I of Sulz husband of Ursula; son of count Hermann VI of Sulz

Johann son of Rudolf I
Alwig I son of Rudolf I
Rudolf III son of Alwig I
Johann Ludwig I son of Rudolf III
Wilhelm son of Johann Ludwig I
Rudolf IV son of Johann Ludwig I
Alwig II son of Johann Ludwig I
Rudolf V, the Debtor son of Alwig II; in Klettgau 1583
Karl Ludwig, the Tall son of Alwig II; in Vaduz 1583
Alwig III son of Karl Ludwig; abdicated, died 1632
Karl Ludwig Ernst son of Karl Ludwig; married Maximiliana, daughter of Rudolf V
Johann Ludwig II son of Karl Ludwig Ernst
(to Schwarzenberg 1687; to Bade 1806)
KNIGSEGG
The Swabian lordship of Knigsegg was promoted to barony in 1470, and in 1567 baron Johann Jakob
purchased the county of Rothenfels from his wifes family. The family divided itself into three branches, at
Knigsegg, Rothenfels, and Aulendorf, the latter two promoted to imperial counties in 1629. While Knigsegg
proper was inherited by Aulendorf in 1663, the remaining two lines survived until the end of the Holy Roman
Empire. In 1804 Rothenfels was sold to Austria (which ceded it to Bavaria the following year) and in 1806
Knigsegg-Aulendorf was mediatized in favor of Wrttemberg.
Barons of Knigsegg
House of Knigseck
14701500
15001544
15441553
& 15441590
15901626
& 15901622
16261663
Marquard I son of Johann III of Knigsegg; baron 1470

Johann son of Marquard I
Johann Marquard son of Johann
Johann Jakob son of Johann; purchased Rothenfels 1567
Marquard II son of Johann Jakob
Georg son of Johann Jakob
Hugo son of Georg; to Rothenfels 16221666
Johann Georg son of Georg; to Aulendorf 16221666
Johann Wilhelm son of Marquard II
(to Aulendorf 1663)
16221666
16661694
16941709
17091736
17361759
17591771
17711804
1804
Counts of Knigsegg in Rothenfels

Hugo son of baron Georg of Knigsegg; imperial count 1629
Leopold Wilhelm son of Hugo
Siegmund Wilhelm son of Leopold Wilhelm
Albert Eusebius son of Leopold Wilhelm
Karl Ferdinand son of Albert Eusebius
Franz Hugo son of Albert Eusebius
Franz Fidelis son of Joseph Lothar, son of Franz Hugo
Johann son of Franz Fidelis; sold county, died 1867
(to Austria 1804; to Bavaria 1805)
16221666
16661692
16921710
17101765
17651786
17861803
18031806
Counts of Knigsegg in Aulendorf

Johann Georg son of baron Georg of Knigsegg; imperial count 1629
Anton Eusebius son of Johann Georg
Franz Maximilian son of Anton Eusebius
Karl Siegfried son of Franz Maximilian
Hermann Friedrich son of Karl Siegfried
Ernst son of Hermann Friedrich
Franz Xaver Karl son of Ernst; mediatized, died 1863
LEININGEN
The counts of Leiningen, since the 13th century a branch of the comital House of Saarbrcken, divided into
several lines in the 14th century. By the mid-16th century their lands were reunited by the counts of LeiningenHardenburg, but the family divided its possessions again in 1541. The elder of the two resulting lines remained
relatively unified, and Karl Friedrich Wilhelm was promoted to prince in 1779. His long reign ended, however,
when the family was mediatized in favor of Bade in 1806. The list includes only the princely line of the family.
Counts and Princes of Leiningen in Hardenburg
House of Nahegau
c.11081117
1117c.1138
c.1138c.1187
Emich I, the Crusader son of count Emich II of Nahegau

Emich II son of Emich I
Emich III son of Emich II
c.1187c.1214 Friedrich I 35 son of Emich III

Saarbrcken House of Leiningen
c.12141237 Friedrich II son of count Simon II of Saarbrcken by Liutgard, daughter Emich III
12371287 Friedrich III son of Friedrich II; inherited Dagsburg
& 1237c.1279 Emich IV son of Friedrich II; in Landeck
c.12791289 Emich V son of Emich IV; in Landeck
12871316 Friedrich IV son of Friedrich III
13161318 Friedrich V son of Friedrich IV; to Leiningen 13171327 (line extinct 1467)
& 13181344 Gottfried son of Friedrich IV
13441345 Friedmann son of Gottfried; to Rixingen 1345c.1366 (line extinct 1506)
& 13441381 Emich VI son of Gottfried
13811452 Emich VII son of Emich VI
14521495 Emich VIII son of Emich VII
& 1452c.1481 Schaffrid son of Emich VII; in Guttenberg
& 1452c.1495 Bernhard son of Emich VII; in Guntersblum
14951535 Emich IX son of Emich VIII
& 14951530 Hesso son of Emich VIII; in Aspremont
15351541 Emich X son of Emich IX
& 15351553 Engelhard son of Emich IX; in Dagsburg
& 15351558 Ludwig son of Emich IX; in Falkenburg
& 15351540 Christoph son of Emich IX; in Falkenburg
15411562 Johann Philipp I son of Emich X
& 15411560 Emich XI son of Emich X; to Falkenburg-Heideshem-Dagsburg 15601593 (line continued)
15621607 Emich XII posthumous son of Johann Philipp I
16071643 Johann Philipp II son of Emich XII
& 16071623 Wolfgang Friedrich son of Emich XII
& 16071651 Friedrich X son of Emich XII; in Dagsburg
& 16071624 Georg Adolf son of Emich XII
16431698 Friedrich Emich son of Johann Philipp II
& 16431666 Johann Philipp III son of Johann Philipp II; in Emichsburg
& 16431645 Adolf Christian son of Johann Philipp II
+ Emich XIV son of Friedrich Emich; associated in Emichsburg 16661684
16981722 Johann Friedrich son of Friedrich Emich
17221756 Friedrich Magnus son of Johann Friedrich
& 17221747 Karl Ludwig son of Johann Friedrich; in Emichsburg
17561806 Karl Friedrich Wilhelm son of Friedrich Magnus; prince 1779; mediatized, died 1807
(to Bade 1806)
LEUCHTENBERG
The count of Leuchtenberg in the Bavarian Nordgau (the Upper Palatinate) was raised to landgrave in 1196 as
heir to the landgraves of Steffling. The Leuchtenberg family distinguished itself in royal service and also served
as governors of the area for the dukes of Bavaria. The male line became extinct in 1646, and Leuchtenberg was
inherited by Albrecht of Bavaria. After the death of his nephew in 1705, Leuchtenberg was given to the
bishops of Bamberg, and after that to the House of Lamberg by the emperor, before returning to Bavaria in
1712. Two more Wittelsbach princes ruled as landgraves until 1770. In 1817 Leuchtenberg was created a
35
Perhaps named Friedrich Emich.
duchy for Napolons stepson Eugne de Beauharnais by his father-in-law, king Maximilian I of Bavaria. The
duchy remained an honorary title.
Counts and Landgraves of Leuchtenberg
House of Leuchtenberg
c.11201146 Gebhard I lord of Leuchtenberg
1146c.1150 Friedrich I son of Gebhard I
& 1146c.1168 Gebhard II son of Gebhard I; count by 1158
& 1146c.1167 Marquard son of Gebhard I
c.1168c.1209 Diepold I son of Gebhard I; landgrave 1196
c.1209c.1244 Gebhard III son of Diepold I; in Waldeck
& c.1209c.1259 Diepold II son of Diepold I; in Leuchtenberg
c.1244c.1284 Friedrich II son of Gebhard III; in Waldeck to 1283 36; Leuchtenberg c.1259
& c.12441279 Gebhard IV son of Gebhard III; in Waldeck
12791293 Gebhard V son of Gebhard IV
+ Friedrich III son of Gebhard IV; associated 12791307:
+ Friedrich IV son of Friedrich III; associated c.12841329; bishop of Eichsttt
+ Gebhard VI son of Friedrich III; associated c.12841296
12931334 Ulrich I son of Gebhard V
13341378 Ulrich II son of Ulrich I; in West
& 13341407 Johann I son of Ulrich I; in East; Hals 1376
13781404 Albrecht I son of Ulrich II; in West
14071425 Georg I son of Johann II, son of Johann I; in East/Hals
14071458 Johann III son of Sigost, son of Johann I; in East/Hals
& 14071416 Georg II brother of Johann III; in East/Hals
14041411 Ulrich III son of Albrecht I; in West
& 14041463 Leopold son of Albrecht I; in West; East/Hals 1458; prince 1440
14631486 Ludwig son of Leopold; in Hals 37
& 14631487 Friedrich V son of Leopold; in Leuchtenberg
14871531 Johann IV son of Friedrich V
15311555 Georg III son of Johann IV
15551567 Ludwig Heinrich son of Georg III
15671613 Georg Ludwig son of Ludwig Heinrich
16131621 Wilhelm son of Georg Ludwig
16211646 Maximilian Adam son of Wilhelm
16461650 Albrecht II (VI) widower of Mechthild, daughter of Georg Ludwig; son of duke
Wilhelm V of Bavaria; to Haag 16501666
16511705 Maximilian Philipp Hieronymus son of elector Maximilian I of Bavaria, brother of
Albrecht II
17051708 (to the bishops of Bamberg)
House of Lamberg
17081711 Leopold Matthias Sigismund son of Franz Joseph (below)
17111712 Franz Joseph son of count Johann Maximilian of Lamberg-Steyer
36
37
Waldeck sold to Bavaria 1283.

In 1485 Hals was sold to the House of Aichberg; it was later purchased by Bavaria in 1517.

17121738 Ferdinand Maria son of elector Maximilian II of Bavaria, son of elector Ferdinand
Maria, brother of Maximilian Philipp Hironymus
17381770 Clemens Franz son of Ferdinand Maria
(to Bavaria 1770)
LEYEN
Hereditary seneschals of the archbishopric of Trier in Upper Lorraine, the Leyen family produced archbishops
of Trier and Mainz, and with their help obtained the barony of Blieskastel in 1657 as imperial barons. In 1697
Karl Kaspar obtained the county of Hohengeroldseck from Austria, and in 1711 he was promoted to imperial
count. The small county became a sovereign principality and member of the Confederation of the Rhine in
1806. However, the Congress of Vienna awarded it to Austria in 1815, and it ceded it to Bade in 1819.
Barons of Blieskastel, Counts of Hohengeroldseck, Princes of Leyen
House of Leyen
16571665
16651687
16871739
17391760
17601775
17751815
Hugo Ernst son of Damian von der Leyen; baron of Blieskastel

Damian Adolf son of Hugo Ernst
Karl Kaspar son of Hugo Ernst; count of Hohengeroldseck 1697; imperial count 1711
Friedrich Ferdinand Franz son of Karl Kaspar
Franz Karl son of Friedrich Ferdinand Franz
Philipp Franz son of Franz Karl; prince 1806; mediatized, died 1829
(to Austria 1815; to Bade 1819)
LIGNE
The barons of Ligne in Hainault attained the rank of imperial count of Fauquemberg in 1549, and that of
prince of pinoy in 1601 (and of Amboise in 1624). In the second half of the 18th century they obtained the
immediate county of Fagnolles. When this was lost to France by the Treaty of Lunville in 1801, the prince of
Ligne was compensated with the secularized abbey of Edelstetten in 1803. The very next year the prince of
Ligne sold this to the Hungarian prince of Eszterhzy.
Counts and Princes of Ligne
House of Ligne
15321552
15521583
15831624
16241629
16291642
16421679
16791702
17021707
17071766
17661804
Jacques son of Antoine of Ligne; count of Fauquemberg 1549

Philippe son of Jacques
Lamoral son of Philippe; prince of pinoy 1601, of Amboise 1624
Florent son of Lamoral
Albert-Henri son of Florent
Claude-Lamoral I son of Florent
Henri-Ernest son of Claude-Lamoral I
Antoine-Joseph-Ghislain son of Henri-Ernest
Claude-Lamoral II son of Henri Ernest; Fagnolles
Charles-Joseph son of Claude-Lamoral II; sold lands, died 1814
(Fagnolles to France 1801; Edelstein to Eszterhzy 1804)
LIMBURG
The counts of Limburg contended with those of Louvain (Brabant) for the ducal throne of Lower Lorraine in
the first half of the 12th century. After the award of the contested title to Brabant, the counts of Limburg were
compensated with the title of dukes of Limburg. The smallish duchy was briefly augmented by succession to
Luxembourg (12141226), but the union proved ephemeral. The War of Limburg Succession (12831288)
ended with the absorption of Limburg by its longtime rival Brabant. Limburg later became part of the Spanish
Netherlands, with small portions passing to the Netherlands in 1648 and 1661, and the remainder to the
Austrian Netherlands in 1713. Occupied by France in 1794, Limburg passed to the Netherlands in 1815, but
after the secession of Belgium in 1830 was divided in three, between Belgium, the Netherlands, and Prussia.
Counts and Dukes of Limburg
House of Arlon
10641081
Walram I, the Old son of count Walram I of Arlon by Adela, daughter of duke Thierry I
of Upper Lorraine
10811119 Hendrik I son of Walram I; duke of Lower Lorraine 11011106
11191139 Walram II, the Pagan son of Hendrik I; duke of Lower Lorraine 11281139
11391167 Hendrik II son of Walram II; claimed the ducal title from 1140
11671221 Hendrik III son of Hendrik II
12211226 Walram III son of Hendrik III
12261246 Hendrik IV son of Walram III
12461279 Walram IV son of Hendrik IV
12801283 Ermgard daughter of Walram IV
& 12801288 Reinoud, the Wrangler of Guelders husband of Ermgard; son of count Otto II of
Guelders; deposed, died 1326
12881294 Jan I, the Victorious son of duke Hendrik III of Brabant
12941312 Jan II, the Pacific son of Jan I
13121355 Jan III, the Triumphant son of Jan II
13551406 Johanna daughter of Jan III
& 13551383 Wenzel of Luxembourg husband of Johanna; son of king Jan of Bohemia
14061415 Anton son of duke Philippe II of Burgundy by countess Marguerite III of Flanders,
daughter of count Louis II by Margaretha, daughter of Jan III
14151427 Jan IV son of Anton
14271430 Filips I son of Anton
14301467 Filips II, the Good son of duke Jean II of Burgundy, brother of Anton
14671477 Karel I, the Rash son of Filips II
House of Habsburg (Austria)
14821506 Filips III, the Handsome son of Maria by emperor Maximilian I; Castile 15041506
15061549 Karel II son of Filips III; abdicated; Castile 15061556; Aragn and Sicily 15161556;
Naples 15161554; Empire 15191558
(to the Spanish Netherlands 1549)
LIPPE
The lords of Lippe in Westphalia became imperial counts in 1529 and imperial princes permanently from
1789. In 1616 the dynasty had divided into four sovereign branches, but their possessions were reunited by the
senior branch of Lippe-Detmold by 1749. The principality of Lippe entered the German Empire in 1871. The
line became extinct in 1905 and the throne was inherited by prince Leopold IV, a member of the non-sovereign
line of counts of Lippe-Biesterfeld. The monarchy was abolished in 1918. For Schaumburg-Lippe see there.
Lords and Counts of Lippe

House of Lippe
c.1120c.1158
& c.1120c.1160
c.11601196
11961229
12291265
12651275
& 12651274
12751344
13441360
& 13441365
13601410
14101415
14151429
14291511
15111536
15361563
15631613
16131616
& 16131616
& 16131616
& 16131616
16161627
16271636
16261650
16501652
16521666
16661697
16971718
17181734
17341782
17821802
18021851
18511875
18751895
18951905
19051918
38
39
Bernhard I son of (?) Hermann of Lippe

Hermann I brother of Bernhard I
Bernhard II son of Hermann I; abdicated, died 1224
Hermann II son of Bernhard II
Bernhard III son of Hermann II
Bernhard IV son of Bernhard III
Hermann III son of Bernhard III
Simon I son of Bernhard IV
+ Simon II son of Simon I; associated, died c.1334
Otto son of Simon I; in Detmold and Lemgo
Bernhard V son of Simon I; in Lippstadt and Rheda
Simon III son of Otto 38
Bernhard VI son of Simon III; associated 1384
Simon IV son of Bernhard VI
Bernhard VII, the Warlike son of Simon IV
Simon V son of Bernhard VII; associated since c.1507; imperial count 1529
Bernhard VIII son of Simon V
Simon VI son of Bernhard VIII
Simon VII son of Simon VI; to Detmold 16161627
Otto son of Simon VI; to Brake 16161657
Hermann son of Simon VI; to Schwalenberg 16161620
Philipp I son of Simon VI; to Schaumburg-Bckeburg 16161681
(division into Detmold, Brake, and Alverdissen 1616)
Counts and Princes of Lippe in Detmold
Simon VII son of Simon VI of Lippe; Lippe 16131616
Simon Ludwig son of Simon VII
Simon Philipp son of Simon Ludwig
Johann Bernhard son of Simon VII; associated in Sternberg from 1648
Hermann Adolf son of Simon VII; associated in Sternberg from 1650
Simon Heinrich son of Hermann Adolf
Friedrich Adolf son of Simon Heinrich
Simon Heinrich Adolf son of Friedrich Adolf; prince 17201734
Simon August son of Simon Heinrich Adolf
Leopold I son of Simon August; prince 1789
Leopold II son of Leopold I
Leopold III son of Leopold II
Woldemar son of Leopold II
Alexander son of Leopold II
Leopold IV son of count Ernst II of Biesterfeld, 39 son of count Julius, son of count
Ernst I, son of count Karl, son of count Friedrich, son of count Rudolf Friedrich, son
of count Jobst Hermann, son of Simon VII; regent since 1904; deposed, died 1949
(to Germany 1918)
In Tecklenburg captivity 13711375.

Ernst II of Biesterfeld had been regent 18971904.
16161657
16571700
17001707
17071709
Counts of Lippe in Brake

Otto son of Simon VI of Lippe; Lippe 16131616
Kasimir son of Otto
Rudolf son of Kasimir
Ludwig Ferdinand son of Friedrich, son of Otto
(to Lippe-Detmold 1709)
16161681
16811723
17231749
17491777
Counts of Lippe in Alverdissen and Schaumburg

Philipp I son of Simon VI of Lippe; Lippe 16131616; Schaumburg 1646
Philipp Ernst son of Philipp I
Friedrich Ernst son of Philipp Ernst; abdicated, died 1777
Philipp II son of Friedrich; prince of Schaumburg-Lippe 17771787
(to Schaumburg-Lippe 1777)
LOBKOWICZ
The Bohemian lord of Lobkovice was created imperial baron of Neustadt in 1574, and his son Zdenko Adalbert
was promoted to imperial prince in 1624, after distinguishing himself in Habsburg service. His successor became
prince of Sternstein in 1641 and duke of Silesia-Sagan in 1646. These titles secured the Lobkowicz family a place
among the princes of the empire until its dissolution in 1806. At that date the prince of Lobkowicz was
mediatized, with his imperial possessions, Sternstein and Waldthurm, passing to Bavaria.
Princes of Lobkowicz
House of Lobkowitz
15741584
15841628
16281677
16771715
17151737
17371739
17391784
17841806
Ladislaus II son of Ladislaus I of Lobkovice; baron of Neustadt 1574

Zdenko Adalbert son of Ladislaus II; prince 1624
Wenzel Eusebius son of Zdenko Adalbert; Sternstein 1641; Silesia-Sagan 1646
Ferdinand August son of Wenzel Eusebius
Philipp Hyazinth son of Ferdinand August
Wenzel Ferdinand Karl son of Philipp Hyazinth
Ferdinand Philipp Joseph son of Philipp Hyazinth
Joseph Franz son of Ferdinand; duke of Raudnitz 1786; mediatized, died 1816
(to Bavaria 1806)
LOOZ (LOON)-CORSWAREM
After ruling for three centuries, the counts of Looz (Loon) died out in the male line in 1336, and after the
county passed by inheritance to the Houses of Sponheim and Rumigny, it was sold to the bishop of Lige
(Lttich) in 1366. The lords of Corswarem, distant descendants of count Arnold II, tried but failed to acquire
the county, and were given the title of duke of Looz-Corswarem in 1734. Duke Wilhelm Joseph of Niel was
compensated for the loss of his lands to France in 1801 with the principality of Rheina-Wolbeck along the
Rhine, carved out of the the bishopric of Mnster in 1803. This was mediatized in favor of Berg in 1806.
Counts of Looz
House of Looz
10311044:
:10461078
Giselbert son of count Otto by Liutgarde, daughter of count Albert I of Namur

Emmo son of Gisebert
& :10461084
:10791125:
:11351138:
:11411171
11711194:
:11971218
12181221
12211227
12271272:
:12731278
12791327
13271336
House of Sponheim
13361361
& 13361354:
13611362
House of Rumigny
13621366
16331671
16711705
17051759
& 17051759
17591788
17881792
16331694
16941741
17411761
17611803
18031806
Otto son of Giselbert

Arnold I son of Emmo
Lodewijk I son of Arnold II
+ Gerard I son of Arnold II; associated in Rieneck :1141:1144
Gerard II son of Lodewijk I
Lodewijk II son of Gerard II
+ Gerard III son of Gerard II; associated in Rieneck :11971216
Arnold III son of Gerard II
Lodewijk III son of Gerard III; abdicated; to Rieneck 12161243 (line extinct 1559)
Arnold IV son of Gerard III
Jan son of Arnold IV
Arnold V son of Jan
Lodewijk IV son of Arnold V
Diederik son of count Gottfried II of Heinsberg by Mathilde, daughter of Arnold V
Godefried I brother of Diederik
Godefried II son of count Johann I of Heinsberg, brother of Diederik; sold county,
died 1395
Arnold VI son of Guillaume of Rumigny by Johanna, daughter of Arnold V; abdicated,
died 1373
(to the bishopric of Lige 1366)
Barons of Longchamps, Dukes of Looz-Corswarem
Hubert son of Raes of Longchamps, descendant of count Arnold II of Looz; baron 1652
Jean-Hubert son of Hubert
Nicolas-Charles-Franois son of Jean-Hubert; count 1734
Louis-Flix son of Jean-Hubert; duke 1734
Jean-Florent son of Louis-Flix
Charles-Alexandre-Auguste son of Louis-Flix
(to Niel-Faux 1792)
Barons of Faux, Counts of Niel, and Dukes of Looz-Corswarem
Franz II brother of Hubert of Longchamps; baron 1652
Joseph I son of Franz II; count of Niel
Joseph II Clemens son of Joseph I
Wilhelm-Joseph son of Joseph II Clemens; duke 1778; inherited Corswarem 1792
Joseph-Arnold son of Wilhelm Joseph; mediatized, died 1827
(to Berg 1806; to France 1810; to Prussia 1815; to Germany 1918)
LORRAINE (LOTHRINGEN)
When the Carolingian kingdom of Middle Francia was divided among the sons of emperor Lothar I in 855, its
northern portion passed to his second son Lothar II. This territory, formed without any basis in tradition,
came to be known as Lotharingia (German Lothringen, French Lorraine) after its king. Carolingian kings from
France and Germany contended for the area, and from 870 to 879 it was actually divided between these
kingdoms. The rule of distant or ineffective kings led to the rise of comital families and the appointment of
dukes. In 925 the duke of Lorraine recognized the authority of the non-Carolingian king of the East Franks
(Germany), and the kingdom of Lorraine became subsumed within that of Germany. In 953 the duchy was
entrusted to Bruno, archbishop of Cologne and brother of the emperor Otto I. He divided Lorraine in two
parts (administered by vice-dukes) and after his death in 965 the division persisted. The duchy of Lower
Lorraine disintegrated in the 12th century amidst competition between the counts of Limburg and Louvain
(Brabant) for the throne. Upper Lorraine, although somewhat reduced in size, remained an important feudal
principality within the Holy Roman Empire, in spite of the repeated French occupations it in the 17th and 18th
centuries. In 1737 the duke of Upper Lorraine, Franois III, had to hand over his duchy (receiving Tuscany in
exchange) to the former king of Poland, Stanisaw II Leszczyski. On the latters death in 1766, Lorraine
passed to his son-in-law, the king of France. Lorraine has remained part of France ever since, except for 1871
1918, when it was incorporated into the German Empire, and 19401944, when it was once again annexed by
Germany. From 1667 Nicolas-Franois of Upper Lorraine and his descendants held the marquisate of
Nomeny, which, although actually lost to France in 1737, entitled them to the rank of imperial princes.
Kings in Lotharingia/Lorraine
Carolingian House
843855
855869
869870
870895
895900
900911
911925
Lothar I son of the emperor Ludwig I; emperor 817; Italy 820839

Lothar II son of Lothar I
Karl I, the Bald brother of Lothar I; France 843877; emperor and Italy 875877
(division between France and Germany 870; to Germany 879)
Zwentibold bastard son of the emperor Arnulf
Ludwig, the Child legitimate half-brother of Zwentibold; Germany 899911
Karl II, the Simple posthumous son of king Louis II of France, son of Karl I; France
898923 40; deposed, died 929
(to Germany 925)
Dukes of Lotharingia/Lorraine
903910 Gebhard son of (?) count Udo of Lahngau
Maasgau House of Hainault
910915 Reginar son of count Giselbert of Maasgau by Irmgard, daughter of emperor Lothar I
915939 Giselbert son of Reginar; confirmed as duke 928
939940 Heinrich I son of Giselbert; deposed, died c.944
940 Heinrich II son of king Heinrich I of Germany; deposed, died 955
House of Verdun
940944 Otto son of count Richwin of Verdun
944953 Konrad, the Red husband of Liutgard, daughter of emperor Otto I; son of count
Werner of Wormsgau; deposed, died 955
953965 Bruno brother of Heinrich II; archbishop of Cologne; delegated authority to vice-dukes
959; abdicated, died 965
Vice-Dukes of Lower Lorraine/Lothier
House of Metz
959964
964973
40
Gottfried I son of count palatine Gottfried of Lorraine, son of count Gerhard of Metzgau
Richar uncle of (?) Gottfried I; son of (?) count Gerhard of Metzgau
In Vermandois captivity from 923.
House of Verdun
973976
Gottfried II, the Captive son of Richars sister (?) Uda by count Gozelo of Bidgau, son
of count palatine Wigerich of Lorraine; deposed, died c.998
Dukes of Lower Lorraine/Lothier

Carolingian House
977991 Karl I son of king Louis IV of France; deposed, died 993/995
9911012 Otto son of Karl I
House of Verdun
10121023 Gottfried I, the Childless son of vice-duke Gottfried II
10231044 Gozelo I, the Great son of vice-duke Gottfried II
10441046 Gozelo II, the Coward son of Gozelo I; deposed, died 1046
House of Luxembourg
10461065 Friedrich son of count Friedrich I of Luxembourg, son of Siegfried, son of count
palatine Wigerich of Lorraine
House of Verdun
10651069 Gottfried II, the Bearded son of Gozelo I
10691076 Gottfried III, the Hunchback son of Gottfried II
10761087 Konrad son of emperor Heinrich IV; abdicated, died 1101
House of Boulogne
10871100 Gottfried IV, of Bouillon son of count Eustache II of Boulogne by Ida, daughter of
Gottfried II; defender of the Holy Sepulcher 10991100
11011106 Heinrich I son of count Walram I of Limburg; deposed, died 1119
11061128 Gottfried V, the Bearded son of count Heinrich II of Louvain, son of Lambert II by
Oda, daughter of Gozelo I; deposed, died 1139
11281139 Walram, the Pagan son of Heinrich
11401142 Gottfried VI, the Younger son of Gottfried V
11421190 Gottfried VII, the Brave son of Gottfried VI
(disintegration of the duchy: ducal title retained by the counts of Louvain, as dukes of
Lothier or Brabant, but the counts of Limburg had been compensated with ducal
status since 1140)
Dukes of Upper Lorraine/the Moselle
Wigerich House of Bar
959978 Frdric I son of count palatine Wigerich of Lorraine; vice-duke 959; duke 977
9781027 Thierry I son of Frdric I
+ Frdric II son of Thierry I; associated 10191026
10271033 Frdric III son of Frdric II
House of Verdun
10331044 Gothelon, the Great son of vice-duke Gottfried II of Lower Lorraine, son of count
Gozelo of Bidgau, brother of Frdric I
10441047 Godefroy, the Bearded son of Gothelon; deposed, died 1069
House of Metz
10471048 Adalbert son of count Grard of Metz
10481070
10701115
11151139
11391176
11761205
12051206
12051213
12131220
12201251
12511303
13031312
13121329
13291346
13461390
13901431
14311453
& 14311453
Grard brother of Adalbert

Thierry II, the Valiant son of Grard
Simon I son of Thierry II
Mathieu I son of Simon I
Simon II son of Mathieu I; abdicated, died 1207
Ferry I, of Bitsche son of Mathieu I; associated 1179
Ferry II son of Ferry I; succeeded uncle 1205 and father 1206
Thibaud I son of Ferry II
Mathieu II son of Ferry II
Ferry III son of Mathieu II
Thibaud II son of Ferry III
Ferry IV, the Fighter son of Thibaud II
Raoul, the Valiant son of Ferry IV
Jean I posthumous son of Raoul
Charles II, the Bold 41 son of Jean I
Isabelle daughter of Charles II
Ren I, the Good husband of Isabelle; son of duke Louis II of Anjou; Naples 14351442;
died 1480
Valois House of Anjou

14531470 Jean II son of Ren I and Isabelle
14701473 Nicolas son of Jean II
1473 Yolande daughter of Ren I and Isabelle; abdicated, died 1483
Metz House of Vaudmont
14731508 Ren II, the Younger son of Yolande by count Ferry II of Vaudmont 42
15081544 Antoine, the Good son of Ren II
15441545 Franois I son of Antoine
15451608 Charles III son of Franois I
16081624 Henri II, 43 the Good son of Charles III
16241625 Nicole daughter of Henri II; deposed, died 1657
& 16241625 Charles IV husband of Nicole; son of Franois II (below); deposed
1625 Franois II son of Charles III; abdicated, died 1632
16251634 Charles IV restored; deposed
16341635 Nicolas-Franois son of Franois II; exiled, legitimist claimant 16351661, died 1670
16351641 (to France)
1641 Charles IV restored; exiled, legitimist claimant 16411659
16591670 Charles IV restored; exiled, legitimist claimant 16701675
Charles V son of Nicolas-Franois; legitimist claimant 16751690
16971729 Lopold-Joseph son of Charles V; legitimist claimant 16901697 44
17291737 Franois III tienne son of Lopold-Joseph; exchanged Lorraine for Tuscany; retained
the title marquis of Nomeny; emperor 17451765
The numbering of dukes named Charles includes duke Karl I of Lower Lorraine.
In exile during Burgundian occupation, 14751476.
43 The numbering of dukes named Henri includes duke Heinrich I of Lower Lorraine.
44 Lorraine was occupied by France again in 17021714, but the duke did not go into exile.
41
42
House of Leszczyski
17371766 Stanislas son of Rafa Leszczyski; Poland 17041709 and 17331736
(to France 1766)
LWENSTEIN-WERTHEIM
The county of Lwenstein was obtained by the German king Rudolf I and bestowed upon his illegitimate son
Albrecht in 1283. In 1441 one of his descendants sold the county to the elector Palatine. Ludwig, morganatic
son of elector Friedrich I of the Palatinate, was invested with the barony of Scharfeneck and with Lwenstein
by his cousin, the elector Philipp. The countys possessions were augmented by the inheritance of Wertheim
and Rochfort in 1574 (not fully secured until 1598). The count of Lwenstein-Wertheim-Rochefort was
promoted to prince in 1711. In 1806 the principality was mediatized and divided among Nassau, HesseDarmstadt, and Wrttemberg. The list includes only the princely line of the family. For Virneburg, see there.
Counts and Princes of Lwenstein and Wertheim
Habsburg House of Lwenstein
12831304 Albrecht I bastard son of king Rudolf I; count of Lwenstein
1304:1310 Philipp son of Albrecht I
& 13041328 Rudolf son of Albrecht I
13041340 Nikolaus son of Albrecht I
13401377: Albrecht II son of Nikolaus
:13821388 Albrecht III son of Albrecht II
13881441 Heinrich son of Albrecht II; sold county, died 1442
14411488 (to the Palatinate)
Wittelsbach House of Lwenstein
14881524 Ludwig I morganatic son of elector Friedrich I of the Palatinate; imperial count 1494
15241536 Ludwig II son of Ludwig I
& 15241541 Friedrich I son of Ludwig I
Wolfgang son of Friedrich I; to Scharfeneck 15411571 (line extinct 1633)
15411569 Friedrich II son of Friedrich I; in Sulzbach
& 15411611 Ludwig III son of Friedrich I; count of Lwenstein-Wertheim 1580
16111615 Christoph Ludwig son of Ludwig III; to Virneburg 16151618
& 16111635 Ludwig IV son of Ludwig III
& 16111636 Wolfgang Ernst son of Ludwig III
& 16111644 Johann Dietrich son of Ludwig III
16441672 Ferdinand Karl son of Johann Dietrich
16721718 Maximilian Karl son of Ferdinand Karl; prince 1711
17181735 Dominik Marquard son of Maximilian Karl; purchased Rosenberg 1730
17351789 Karl Thomas son of Dominik Marquard
17891806 Dominik Konstantin son of Theodor Alexander, son of Dominik Marquard;
(Wertheim to Nassau, Breuberg to Hesse-Darmstadt, Lwenstein to Wrttemberg 1806)
LUSATIA (LAUSITZ)
Lusatia in eastern Germany was a Slavic region annexed by the East Frankish (German) kingdom in the 920s.
From 936 it constituted part of the great Saxon East March (Ostmark) ruled by margrave Gero, but on his
death in 965 it emerged as a separate march alongside others at Meissen (Meien), Merseburg, Zeitz, and the
Saxon North March (Nordmark). In 10021031, most of Lusatia was occupied by the Poles, but the march
recovered its eastern frontier after Polands weakening. Shortly thereafter, the march became the first major
holding of the Wettin family, which proceeded to gradually take over Meissen, Thuringia, and Saxony.
Frequently united with Meissen, Lusatia was sold to Brandenburg in 1303, and then to Bohemia in 1367.
Lusatia remained a part of the Bohemian crown lands until it was ceded to Saxony in 1635. The Congress of
Vienna awarded it to Prussia in 1815.
Margraves of Lusatia (Lausitz)
House of Merseburg
965993 Hodo I son of (?) margrave Gero, son of count Thietmar of Merseburg
House of Serimunt
9931015 Gero son of margrave Thietmar of Meissen
10151030 Thietmar son of Gero
10301032 Hodo II son of Thietmar
House of Wettin
10321034 Dietrich I son of count Dedo II of Wettin
House of Merseburg
10341046 Ekkehard brother of Mathilde, wife of Dietrich I; son of margrave Ekkehard I of Meissen
House of Wettin
10461069 Dedo I son of Dietrich I; deposed
1069 Dedo II son of Dedo I
10691075 Dedo I restored
Pemyslid House of Bohemia
10761081 Wratislaw son of duke Betislav I of Bohemia; replaced; Bohemia 10611092
House of Wettin
10811103 Heinrich I, the Elder son of Dedo I
11031123 Heinrich II, the Younger son of Heinrich I
House of Groitsch
11231124 Wiprecht husband of Judith, daughter of Wratislaw; son of count Wiprecht I of Balsamgau
House of Winzenburg
11241130 Hermann son of count Hermann of Formbach; deposed, died 1137
11301131 Albrecht, the Bear husband of Sophie, daughter of Hermann; son of count Otto of
Ballenstedt; replaced; Nordmark/Brandenburg 11341170
House of Groitsch
11311135 Heinrich III son of Wiprecht
House of Wettin
11361156 Konrad I, the Pious son of Thimo, son of Thimo, brother of Dedo I; abdicated, died 1157
11561185 Dietrich II son of Konrad I
11851190 Dedo III, the Fat son of Konrad I
11901210 Konrad II son of Dedo III
12101221 Dietrich III, the Oppressed son of margrave Otto II of Meissen, son of Konrad I
12211288 Heinrich IV, the Illustrious son of Dietrich III
+ Dietrich, the Wise son of Heinrich IV; associated in Landsberg 12651285
12881291 Friedrich, Tuta son of Dietrich
12911303 Dietrich IV, Diezmann son of margrave Albrecht II of Meissen, son of Heinrich IV;
Ascanian House of Brandenburg
13031308 Otto I son of margrave Johann I of Brandenburg; purchased Lusatia from Dietrich IV
13081319 Waldemar, the Great son of Konrad, brother of Otto

13241351 Ludwig I, the Elder son of emperor Ludwig IV
13511365 Ludwig II, the Roman brother of Ludwig I
13651367 Otto II, the Indolent brother of Ludwig II; abdicated, died 1379
(to Bohemia 1367; to Hungary 1479; to Bohemia 1490; to Saxony 1635; to Prussia 1815)
MANDERSCHEID
The lordship of Manderscheid was nestled in-between the territories of Luxembourg and Trier in Lower
Lorraine. Dietrich III of Manderscheid obtained Schleiden, Blankenheim, and Gerolstein through marriage,
and in 1457 was promoted to count. In 1488 the count divided his possessions among his three sons, who
inaugurated the lines of Schleiden, Blankenheim-Gerolstein, and Kail. The Schleiden line, which held
Manderscheid proper, obtained the county of Virneburg, but its extinction in the male line in 1593 led to a
lengthy dispute over the inheritence. Schleiden passed to a branch of Mark; Virneburg to LwensteinWertheim; eventually, Manderscheid was inherited by the line of Kail in 1647. 45 On the extinction of the male
line of Kail, all of the remaining Manderscheid lands were inherited by the Blankenheim-Gerolstein branch of
the family (see the separate entry Blankenheim and Gerolstein above). 46
Counts of Manderscheid
13861426 Dietrich I son of Wilhelm VII of Manderscheid
14261457 Dietrich II son of Dietrich I; abdicated, died 1469
+ Wilhelm VIII son of Dietrich I; associated in Kail and Wartenstein 14261456
14571488 Dietrich III son of Dietrich II; count 1457; abdicated, died 1498
(division into Schleiden, Blankenheim-Gerolstein, and Kail 1488)
Counts of Manderscheid in Manderscheid and Schleiden
14881489 Kuno I son of count Dietrich III of Manderscheid
14891501 Kuno II son of Kuno I
15011551 Dietrich IV son of Kuno I
15511560 Dietrich V son of Dietrich IV
15601593 Dietrich VI son of Dietrich V
15931611 (to the Empire during disputed succession)
16111639 Magdalena daughter of count Joachim of Virneburg, son of Dietrich V
House of Lwenhaupt
16391647 Elisabeth Amalia daughter of Magdalena by count Sten of Lwenhaupt
(to Manderscheid-Kail )
Counts of Manderscheid in Kail
14881509 Wilhelm son of count Dietrich III of Manderscheid
15091562 Jakob son of Wilhelm
15621577 Dietrich I son of Jakob
Countess Elisabeth Amalia of Manderscheid having married count Philipp Dietrich of Manderscheid-Kail.
Count Johann Wilhelm Franz of Blankenheim and Gerolstein having married Maria Francisca, daughter of
count Wolfgang Heinrich of Manderscheid-Kail.
45
46
15771613
16131653
16531686
16861721
17211742
Dietrich II son of Dietrich I

Philipp Dietrich son of Dietrich II; inherited Manderscheid 1647
Hermann Franz son of Philipp Dietrich
Karl Franz Ludwig son of Hermann Franz
Wolfgang Heinrich son of Hermann Franz
(to Blankenheim-Gerolstein 1742)
MANSFELD
The county of Mansfeld in southern Saxony passed by marriage to the lords of nearby Querfurt in 1229, and
remained in the hands of that family ever since. In 1475 the family divided into two main branches, in
Vorderort and Hinterort, the second of which became extinct in 1666. The Vorderort branch subdivided
among six heirs in 1531, one of whom, Peter Ernst I, a governor of the Habsburg Netherlands, was promoted
to prince in 1594. The promotion died out with him, as his surviving son was both a bastard and died in revolt
against the emperor. In 1690 Heinrich Franz I was created prince of Fondi in 1690 and confirmed as imperial
prince in 1711. The princely line ended in 1780, and its allodial possessions passed by marriage to Franz
Gundaker of Colloredo, who formally took the name Colloredo-Mannsfeld (different spelling). The list
includes only the princely line of the family. The numbering of the princes varies widely in the literature.
Counts and Princes of Mansfeld-Vorderort
Querfurt House of Mansfeld
14751484 Albrecht III son of count Gnther II of Mansfeld
14841526 Gnther III son of Albrecht III
& 14841531 Ernst II son of Albrecht III
& 14841540 Hoyer III son of Albrecht III
15311546 Philipp I son of Ernst II; in Bornstdt
Johann Georg I son of Ernst II; to Eisleben 15311579 (line extinct 1710)
& 15311604 Peter Ernst I son of Ernst II; in Friedeburg; prince 1594
Johann Albrecht son of Ernst II; to Arnstein 15311586 (line extinct 1615)
Johann Hoyer son of Ernst II; to Artern 15311585 (line extinct 1631)
Johann Ernst I son of Ernst II; to Heldrungen 15311572
15461558 Hugo son of Philipp I
& 15461615 Bruno I son of Philipp I; in Bornstdt
16151638 Wolfgang son of Bruno I
& 16151644 Bruno II son of Bruno I
Joachim Friedrich son of Bruno I; to Friedeburg 16151623
Philipp III son of Bruno I; to Vorderort 16151657 (line extinct 1696)
16381662 Karl Adam son of Wolfgang
16441692 Franz Maximilian son of Bruno II
& 16441715 Heinrich Franz I son of Bruno II; prince 1711
16921717 Karl Franz son of Franz Maximilian; married Maria Eleonore, daughter of Heinrich
Franz I; succeeded as prince 1715
17171780 Heinrich Franz II son of Karl Franz
1780 Joseph Wenzel son of Heinrich Franz II
House of Colloredo-Mannsfeld
17801806 Franz Gundaker husband of Maria Isabella, daughter of Joseph Wenzel; son of prince
Rudolf Joseph of Colloredo; mediatized, died 1807
(to Colloredo-Mannsfeld 1788; Rieneck to Regensburg; Limpurg-Speckfeld to Bavaria 1806)
MARK
In 1172 Friedrich of Altena purchased the lordship of Mark (Marck) in Westphalia and, after the partition of
his fathers inheritance with his brother in 1180, took the title of count. His son began to call himself count of
Mark by 1202. Engelbert II obtained Aremberg by marriage in 1299, but it passed to a collateral line of the
family. Adolf III obtained Cleves by inheritance in 1368, and Johann III obtained Jlich and Berg by marriage
in 1511; these possessions remained in the family until its extinction in 1609. At that point the lands were
contested by the Wittelsbach House of the Palatinate-Neuburg and the Hohenzollern House of Brandenburg.
The Peace of Xanten in 1614 allotted Mark and Cleves to Brandenburg. In 1807 Mark was ceded to France by
the Treaty of Tilsit, and it was incorporated into the Grand Duchy of Berg. The Congress of Vienna in 1815
returned Mark to Prussia.
Counts of Mark
Berg House of Altena
11721199
11991249
12491269
& 12491277
12771308
13081328
13281347
13471391
13911393
13931398
13981448
14481481
14811521
15211539
15391592
15921609
Friedrich son of count Eberhard of Altena, son of count Adolf II of Berg

Adolf I son of Friedrich
Otto son of Adolf I; in Altena
Engelbert I son of Adolf I; in Mark; also Altena 1269
Eberhard son of Engelbert I
Engelbert II son of Eberhard
Adolf II son of Engelbert II
Engelbert III son of Adolf II
Adolf III son of Adolf II; bishop of Mnster 13571363; bishop of Cologne 13631364;
Dietrich son of Adolf III
Adolf IV son of Adolf III; abdicated, died 1448
+ Gerhard son of Adolf III; rival 14231430; associated 14301461
Johann I, the Wrangler son of Adolf IV
Johann II, the Childmaker son of Johann I
Johann III, the Peaceable son of Johann II
Wilhelm, the Rich son of Johann III
Johann Wilhelm son of Wilhelm; bishop of Mnster 15741585
(divided between Brandenburg and the Palatinate-Neurburg 1609; to Brandenburg 1614;
to Berg 1807; to Prussia 1815)
MECKLENBURG
The House of Mecklenburg in northern Germany originated as a family of princes of the Obodrite Slavs, who
became Christians definitively in the 11th century, after repeated attempts at Christianization and German
expansion into their lands. In 1167 prince Pribislaw I of the Obodrites was confirmed in possession of
Mecklenburg by duke Heinrich the Lion of Saxony, and in 1170 he was conferred the dignity of imperial count
by the emperor Friedrich I Barbarossa. The family divided into numerous branches in the 13th century, and
the counts of Mecklenburg-Schwerin became dukes in 1348. One of them, Albrecht II, became king of Sweden
in 1364, but lost that throne in 1389. By the middle of the 15th century three younger branches of the dynasty
descended from count Heinrich-Burwin II and another branch descended from count Heinrich II were all
extinct, and the duchy was reunited by duke Heinrich II of the senior line of Mecklenburg-Schwerin. As allies
of Denmark the dukes of Mecklenburg were dispossessed by the imperial general Albrecht of Weldstein
(Wallenstein) in 1628, but were restored by the Swedish in 1632. From 1701 the family was permanently
divided into two lines, Mecklenburg-Schwerin and Mecklenburg-Strelitz, both of which acquired the title of
grand dukes in 1815. In 1871 the two grand duchies joined the German Empire. In 1918 the line of
Mecklenburg-Strelitz became extinct and the grand duchy reverted to the line of Mecklenburg-Schwerin for
just over eight months before the abolition of the monarchy.
Princes of the Obodrites
Obodrite House
11311160
11601178
& 11601164
11641200
11781227
12271234
& 12271234
& 12271234
& 12271234
12341264
12641302
& 12641265
& 12641283
& 12641299
13021329
13291358
& 13291352
12341277
12771291
& 12771286
& 12771283
12831316
& 12831337
12911294
13161352
13371360
& 13371382
13521354
13541374
13601393
& 13601378
Niklot prince of the Obodrites

Pribislaw I son of Niklot; prince 1170
Wartislaw son of Niklot
Nikolaus I son of Wartislaw; in Rostock
Heinrich Burwin I son of Pribislaw I
+ Heinrich Burwin II son of Heinrich Burwin I; associated in Rostock 12171226
+ Nikolaus II son of Heinrich Burwin I; associated in Gadebusch 12171225
Johann I, the Theologian son of Heinrich Burwin II; to Mecklenburg 12341264
Nikolaus III son of Heinrich Burwin II; to Werle 12341277
Heinrich Burwin III son of Heinrich Burwin II; to Rostock 12341278
Pribislaw II son of Heinrich Burwin II; to Parchim 12341256; died 1270:
(division into Mecklenburg, Werle, Rostock, and Parchim 1234)
Princes of Mecklenburg
Johann I, the Theologian son of Heinrich Burwin II; Obodrites 12271234
Heinrich I, the Pilgrim son of Johann I
Albrecht I son of Johann I
Nikolaus III son of Johann I; abdicated, died 1289/1290
Johann II son of Johann I; in Gadebusch from 1273
Heinrich II, the Lion son of Heinrich I; associated from 1287
+ Johann III son of Heinrich I; associated 12871289
Albrecht II son of Heinrich I; duke 1348; to Schwerin 13581379
Johann IV son of Heinrich I; duke 1348; to Stargard 13521393
(division into Schwerin and Stargard 1359)
Princes of Werle, Parchim, Gstrow, and Waren
Nikolaus I son of prince Heinrich Burwin II of the Obodrites; Obodrites 12271234
Heinrich I son of Nikolaus I; associated 1271
Bernhard I son of Nikolaus I; in Werle
Johann I son of Nikolaus I; in Parchim
Nikolaus II son of Johann I; in Parchim
Johann II son of Johann I; in Gstrow 1316
Heinrich II son of Heinrich I; associated 1282; deposed, died 1307:
+ Nikolaus son of Heinrich I; associated 12911294; deposed, died 1298:
Johann III son of Nikolaus II; in Parchim and Goldberg
Nikolaus III son of Johann II; in Gstrow
Bernhard II son of Johann II; in Waren
Nikolaus IV son of Johann III; in Parchim and Goldberg
Johann IV son of Nikolaus IV; in Parchim and Goldberg
Lorenz son of Nikolaus III; in Gstrow
Johann V son of Nikolaus III; in Gstrow
13821395
13931421
& 13931414
& 13931436
13951408
& 13951426
12341278
12781282
12821314
13521392
13921416
& 13921397
& 13921417
14161438
14171423
& 14171466
14661471
13581379
13791383
& 13791412
& 13791384
13831388
13841422
14121423
14221477
& 14221443
14771503
& 14771507
15031552
& 15031508
& 15031534
15521557
15571576
15761585
15851592
15921603
47
Johann VI son of Bernhard II; in Waren; associated in Parchim and Goldberg 1374
Balthasar son of Lorenz; prince of the Wends 1418
Johann VII son of Lorenz
Wilhelm son of Lorenz; prince of the Wends 1421
Nikolaus V son of Johann VI; in Goldberg
Christoph son of Johann VI; in Waren 47
(division between Schwerin and Stargard 1436)
Princes of Rostock
Heinrich Burwin III son of prince Heinrich Burwin II of the Obodrites; Obodrites 12271234
Waldemar son of Heinrich Burwin III; associated 1266
Nikolaus IV, the Child son of Waldemar
(to Denmark 13011323)
Dukes of Mecklenburg in Stargard
Johann I son of prince Heinrich II of Mecklenburg; Mecklenburg 13291352
Albrecht I son of Johann I
Ulrich I son of Johann I
Albrecht II son of Ulrich I
Heinrich, the Elder son of Ulrich I
Ulrich II son of Heinrich
(to Mecklenburg-Schwerin 1471)
Dukes and Grand Dukes of Mecklenburg in Schwerin
Albrecht I, the Great son of prince Heinrich II of Mecklenburg; Mecklenburg 13291358
Heinrich I, the Hangman son of Albrecht I
Albrecht II son of Albrecht I; Sweden 13641389
Magnus I son of Albrecht I
Albrecht III son of Heinrich I
Johann IV son of Magnus I
Albrecht IV son of Albrecht II
Heinrich II, the Fat son of Johann IV
Johann V son of Johann IV
Magnus II son of Heinrich II
Balthasar son of Heinrich II
Heinrich III, the Peaceable son of Magnus II; in Schwerin from 1534
Erich son of Magnus II
Albrecht VI, the Handsome son of Magnus II; to Gstrow 15341547
Philipp son of Heinrich III
Johann Albrecht I, the Learned son of Albrecht VI; associated 1552
Ulrich III, Nestor brother of Johann Albrecht I; abdicated
Johann VII, the Melancholy son of Johann Albrecht I; associated in Wismar since 1576
+ Sigismund August son of Johann Albrecht I; associated in Mirow 15761603
Ulrich III, Nestor restored
In Mecklenburg captivity 14151417.
16031608 Karl I, the Proper brother of Johann Albrecht I; abdicated, died 1610
16081638 Adolf Friedrich I son of Johann VI; associated since 1592; deposed
House of Waldstein (Wallenstein)
16281632 Albrecht Wenzel Eusebius son of count Wilhelm of Waldstein; deposed, died 1634
Obodrite House of Mecklenburg
16321658 Adolf Friedrich I restored
16581692 Christian Ludwig I son of Adolf Friedrich I
+ Karl son of Adolf Friedrich I; associated in Mirow 16581670
+ Johann Georg son of Adolf Friedrich I; associated 16581675
+ Gustav Rudolf son of Adolf Friedrich I; associated 16581670
+ Friedrich I son of Adolf Friedrich I; associated in Grabow 16581688
+ Adolf Friedrich II posthumous son of Adolf Friedrich I; associated 16581701; to
Strelitz 17011708
16921713 Friedrich Wilhelm son of Friedrich I; associated in Grabow since 1688
17131747 Karl Leopold, the Refugee son of Friedrich I 48
17471756 Christian Ludwig II son of Friedrich I
17561785 Friedrich II, the Pious son of Christian Ludwig II
17851837 Friedrich Franz I son of Ludwig, son of Christian Ludwig I; grand duke 1815
18371842 Paul Friedrich son of Friedrich Ludwig, son of Friedrich Franz I
18421883 Friedrich Franz II son of Paul Friedrich
18831897 Friedrich Franz III son of Friedrich Franz II
18971918 Friedrich Franz IV son of Friedrich Franz III; deposed, died 1945
(to Germany 1918)
Dukes of Mecklenburg-Schwerin in Gstrow
Albrecht V son of duke Heinrich II of Mecklenburg-Schwerin
Johann VI brother of Albrecht V
(to Schwerin)
Albrecht VI, the Handsome son of duke Magnus II of Mecklenburg-Schwerin
Johann Albrecht I son of Albrecht VI; to Schwerin 15521576
Ulrich III, Nestor son of Albrecht VI
+ Christoph son of Albrecht VI; in Gadebusch 15701592
16031610 Karl I son of Albrecht VI
16101611 (to Schwerin)
16111628 Johann Albrecht II son of duke Johann VII of Schwerin; deposed
House of Waldstein (Wallenstein)
16281632 Albrecht Wenzel Eusebius son of count Wilhelm of Waldstein; deposed, died 1634
Obodrite House of Mecklenburg
16321636 Johann Albrecht II restored
16361695 Gustav Adolf son of Johann Albrecht II
(to Mecklenburg-Schwerin 1695, contested by Mecklenburg-Strelitz until 1748)
14641483
& 14641474
14831534
15341547
15471555
15551603
17011708
17081752
17521794
48
Princes of Mecklenburg in Strelitz

Adolf Friedrich II posthumous son of duke Adolf Friedrich I of Schwerin
Adolf Friedrich III son of Adolf Friedrich II
Adolf Friedrich IV son of Karl, son of Adolf Friedrich II
In exile 17191730.
17941816
18161860
18601904
19041914
19141918
Karl II brother of Adolf Friedrich IV; grand duke 1815

Georg son of Karl II
Friedrich Wilhelm son of Georg
Adolf Friedrich V son of Freidrivh Wilhelm
Adolf Friedrich VI son of Adolf Friedrich V
(to Mecklenburg-Schwerin 1918; to Germany 1918)
MEISSEN
The area of Meissen (Meien) in eastern Germany originally belonged to the Slavic Sorbs, and was annexed by
the East Frankish kingdom (Germany) in the 920s. After 936 it constituted part of the great Saxon East
March (Ostmark) ruled by margrave Gero, but on the latters death in 965 a separate march of Meissen (or
Thuringian March) emerged alongside others in Merseburg and Zeitz, as well as Lusatia (Lausitz) and the
Saxon North March (Nordmark). Unlike some of its fellow marches, Meissen was not swept away by the
Slavic revolt of 983 and survived the incursions of Bolesaw I of Poland in the early 11th century. By the mid12th century Meissen had become the base of the Wettin family, which extended its control over Thuringia and
electoral Saxony in later centuries. After 1547, the march of Meissen was fully united with electoral Saxony.
Margraves of Meissen (Meien)
House of Wigbert
965:976 Wigbert
House of Serimunt
:976978 Thietmar son of margrave Christian of Serimunt
House of Merseburg
978982 Gnther son of count Ekkehard of Merseburg
House of Harzgau
982985 Rikdag son of (?) count Volkmar
House of Merseburg
9851002 Ekkehard I son of Gnther; married Suanhilde, widow of Thietmar
10021009 Gunzelin son of Gnther; deposed, died c.1017
10091038 Hermann I son of Ekkehard I
10381046 Ekkehard II son of Ekkehard I
House of Weimar
10461062 Wilhelm son of count Wilhelm III of Weimar
10621067 Otto I brother of Wilhelm
House of Brunswick
10671068 Ekbert I son of margrave Liudolf of Frisia
10681089 Ekbert II son of Ekbert I; married Oda, daughter of Otto I; deposed, died 1090
House of Wettin
10901103 Heinrich I, the Elder son of margrave Dedo I of Lusatia; married Gertrud, daughter of Ekbert I
11031123 Heinrich II, the Younger posthumous son of Heinrich I
House of Groitzsch
11231124 Wiprecht husband of Kunigunde, daughter of Otto I; son of count Wiprecht I of Balsamgau
House of Winzenburg
House of Wettin
11301156 Konrad, the Pious son of Thimo, son of Thimo, brother of margrave Dedo I of Lusatia;
11561190 Otto II, the Rich son of Konrad
11901195
11951197
11971221
12211288
12881292
12921323
13231349
13491381
13811382
& 13811407
14071428
& 14071425
14281464
14641482
14641500
15001539
15391541
15411553
Albrecht I, the Proud son of Otto II

(to the Empire)
Dietrich, the Oppressed son of Otto II
Heinrich III, the Illustrious son of Dietrich
Albrecht II, the Degenerate son of Heinrich III; deposed, died 1314
Friedrich I, the Dauntless son of Albrecht II
Friedrich II, the Grave son of Friedrich I
Friedrich III, the Stern son of Friedrich II
Balthasar son of Friedrich III; to Thuringia 13821406
Wilhelm I, the One-Eyed son of Friedrich III
Friedrich IV, the Warlike son of Friedrich III; Saxony from 1423
Wilhelm II, the Rich son of Friedrich III
Friedrich V, the Mild son of Friedrich IV
Ernst son of Friedrich V; to Saxony 14821485
Albrecht III son of Friedrich V
Georg son of Albrecht III
Heinrich IV son of Albrecht III
Moritz son of Heinrich IV; Saxony from 1547
(union with Saxony 1553)
METTERNICH
In 1637 the lords of Metternich received Winneburg and Beilstein from their uncle, the archbishop of Trier,
and were promoted to counts in 1679. After Franz Georg Karl lost his lands to France by the Treaty of
Lunville in 1801, he was compensated with the secularized abbey of Ochsenhausen and the title of prince in
1803. The principality endured for three years, until it was mediatized in favor of Wrttemberg. The princes
son Klemens Wenzel distinguished himself as Austrias foreign minister for almost four decades (18091848)
and was the architect of the Congress of Vienna. The list includes only the princely line of the family.
Lords, Counts, and Princes of Metternich
House of Metternich
16371652
& 16371666
16521698
16661695
16981719
17191739
17391750
17501806
Wilhelm son of Johann Dietrich, brother of archbishop Lothar of Trier

Lothar brother of Wilhelm
Philipp Emmerich son of Wilhelm; count 1679
Diether Adolf son of Lothar; count 1679
Franz Ferdinand son of Philipp Emmerich
Dietrich Philipp Adolf son of Franz Ferdinand
Johann Hugo Franz son of Dietrich Philipp Adolf
Franz Georg Karl son of Johann Hugo Franz; prince 1803; mediatized, died 1818
MONTFORT
The Swabian counts of Montfort represent a junior branch of the counts palatine of Tbingen. The comital
house separated into numerous lines, including the separate branch of the counts of Werdenberg. The counts
of Montfort subdivided into branches ruling in Feldkirch/Tosters, Bregenz, and Tettnang in 1260, the first of
which sold its possessions to Austria in 1375. The remaining Montfort possessions were briefly reunited by the
Tettnang branch of the family in the mid-14th century, then divided for two centuries between
Montfort/Bregenz and Tettnang. The Montfort branch survived until 1779, when it sold its lands to Austria
and Wrttemberg. Austria had already obtained the two halves of Bregenz in 1458 and 1525. The numbering
of the counts is inconsistent in the literature.
Counts of Montfort
House of Tbingen
:12081228:
:12301260
12601302
13021310
13101314
& 13101321
& 13101357:
& 13101375
1375
12601287:
:12891338
13381353
13531373
1373:1379
:13791393:
& :13791423:
:13991422
14221458
:14261437
& :14261434
14341482
& 14341447
& 14341469
14821525
& 14821544
& 14821515
15441573
15731590
& 15731619
& 15731596
16191625
& 16191662
& 16191641
16621686
Hugo I son of count Hugo II of Tbingen

Rudolf I son of Hugo I; to Werdenberg :12301243:
Hugo II son of Hugo I
(division into Feldkirch/Tosters, Bregenz, and Tettnang 1260)
Counts of Montfort in Feldkirch and Tosters
Rudolf II son of count Hugo II of Montfort
Hugo III son of Rudolf II; in Tosters
Berthold son of Hugo III; in Feldkirch
Friedrich son of Hugo III; in Tosters
Hugo IV son of Hugo III; in Tosters
Rudolf III, the Elder son of Hugo III; in Feldkirch
Rudolf IV, the Younger son of Rudolf III; in Feldkirch; sold county, died 1390
(to Austria 1375)
Counts of Montfort in Bregenz and Montfort
Ulrich son of count Hugo II of Montfort
Hugo III son of Ulrich; sold Sigmaringen to Austria
(to Tettnang)
Wilhelm II son of count Wilhelm I of Tettnang
Konrad son of Wilhelm III
Hugo IV son of Wilhelm III
Wilhelm IV son of Konrad
Elisabeth daughter of Wilhelm IV; sold Bregenz to Austria
Stephan son of Hugo IV
Hermann I son of Ulrich, son of Hugo IV
Hermann II son of Hermann I
Georg I son of Hermann I
Johann I son of Hermann I
Hugo V son of Hermann II; in Bregenz; sold Bregenz to Austria 1525, died 1550
Georg II son of Hermann II; in Montfort; inherited Bedach 1515
Hermann III son of Hermann II; in Bedach
Jakob son of Georg II
Georg III son of Jakob; inherited Tettnang 1574
Johann II son of Jakob
Wolfgang son of Jakob; in Pfannenberg; sold county, died 1617
Hugo VI son of Johann II
Hermann IV son of Johann II
Johann IV son of Hugo VI
& 16621706
16861730
17061724
17301759
17591779
& 17591779
12601309
13091353
13531354
13531408
14081425
& 14081438:
:14431445
:14431495
14951520
:14431444
14441483
:14431491
14911529
& 14911519
15191547
& 15191564
& 15191541
15641576
Anton I son of Hugo VI

Anton II son of Johann IV
Sebastian son of Anton I
Ernst Maximilian Joseph son of Anton II
Franz Xaver son of Ernst Maximilian Joseph; sold county, died 1780
Anton III son of Ernst Maximilian Joseph; sold county, died 1787
(to Austria and Wrttemberg 1779)
Counts of Montfort in Tettnang
Hugo III son of count Hugo II of Montfort
Wilhelm I son of Hugo III; inherited Tettnang 1338
Wilhelm II son of Wilhelm I; to Bregenz 13531373
Hugo IV son of Wilhelm I
Heinrich I son of Wilhelm I
Rudolf I son of Heinrich I; in Scheer
Wilhelm III son of Heinrich I
Heinrich II son of Wilhelm III; to Werdenberg :14431444
Rudolf II son of Wilhelm III; in Argen
Ulrich I son of Wilhelm III
Hugo V son of Wilhelm III; to Rothenfels :14431491
(to Rothenfels 1520)
Counts of Montfort in Werdenberg
Heinrich II son of count Wilhelm III of Tettnang
Wilhelm IV son of Heinrich II
(to Rothenfels 1483)
Counts of Montfort in Rothenfels
Hugo V son of count Wilhelm III of Tettnang; inherited Werdenberg 1483
Johann I son of Hugo V; inherited Tettnang 1520
Hugo VI son of Hugo V
Johann II son of Hugo VI
Hugo VII son of Hugo VI
Wolfgang son of Hugo VI
Ulrich son of Hugo VII; sold Rothenfels to Knigsegg 1567 49
(Tettnang to Montfort 1574)
NAMUR
The county of Namur belonged to the duchy of Lower Lorraine. In 1189 it was conquered by count Baudouin
V of Hainault, who had been promised the succession by Henri I of Namur before the latter had issue. Namur
remained in the possession of the House of Hainault and its descendants until conquered by Luxembourg in
1256. The rival claims of the lines descended from the original counts of Namur and the counts of Hainault
were reconciled in 1264 with Namur being ceded to Guy of Dampierre. This line held Namur until margrave
Jean III sold his title and lands to the Valois duke of Burgundy in 1421, the sale becoming effective upon his
49
Baron Johann Jakob of Knigsegg having married Elisabeth, daughter of count Hugo VII.
death in 1429. Thereafter Namur shared the fate of what has become modern Belgium.
Counts and Margraves of Namur
House of Lommegau
907932: Brenger husband of daughter of count Rgnier I of Hainault
:946974: Robert I son of (?) Brenger
:9811010 Albert I son of Robert I
10101018: Robert II son of Albert I
:10311063 Albert II son of Albert I
10631102 Albert III son of Albert II
11021139 Godefroy son of Albert III
11391189 Henri I, the Blind son of Godefroy I; deposed, died 1196
Flemish House of Hainault
11891195 Baudouin I, the Brave son of count Baudouin IV of Hainault by Alix, daughter of
Godefroy; margrave 1190
11951212 Philippe I son of Baudouin I
Capetian House of Courtenay
12121226 Philippe II, the Lip son of the Latin emperor Pierre of Courtenay by Yolande, daughter
of Baudouin I
12261229 Henri II brother of Philippe II
12291237 Marguerite sister of Henri II; abdicated, died 1270
& 12291237 Henri III of Vianden husband of Marguerite; son of count Friedrich III of Vianden;
died 1252
12371256 Baudouin II brother of Marguerite; deposed; Latin emperor 12371273
Limburg House of Luxembourg
12561264 Henri IV, the Blond son of count Walram III of Limburg by Ermesinde, daughter of
Henri I; abdicated, died 1281
House of Dampierre
12641305 Guy I son of countess Margaretha II of Flanders by Guillaume II of Dampierre;
married Isabelle, daughter of Henri IV
13051330 Jean I son of Guy
13301335 Jean II son of Jean I
13351336 Guy II son of Jean I
13361337 Philippe III son of Jean I
13371391 Guillaume I, the Rich son of Jean I
13911418 Guillaume II son of Guillaume I
14181429 Jean III son of Guillaume I; sold succession to the duke of Burgundy 1421
14291467 Philippe IV, the Good son of duke Jean II of Burgundy
14671477 Charles I, the Rash son of Philippe IV
14771482 Marie daughter of Charles I
14821506 Philippe V, the Handsome son of Marie by emperor Maximilian I; Castile 15041506
15061549 Charles II son of Philippe V; abdicated; Castile 15061556; Aragn and Sicily 15161556;
Naples 15161554; Empire 15191558
NASSAU
The House of Nassau traces its origins to the counts of Laurenburg in western Franconia. In the middle of the
13th century the house divided between the Walramian and Ottonian lines. The Walramian count Adolf of
Nassau-Wiesbaden was elected German king in 1292. The Walramian line (imperial princes from 1688)
survived several divisions and its holdings were reunited in 1816 by prince Friedrich Wilhelm of NassauWeilburg, who became duke of Nassau in succession to his cousin Friedrich August of Nassau Usingen. In 1866
duke Adolf was deposed and Nassau was annexed by Prussia. In the 16th century the Ottonian line acquired the
principality of Orange in France and then the leadership of the United Provinces under count Wilhelm the
Silent. His heirs continued to rule the Netherlands, and upon their extinction it passed to the cadet line of
Nassau-Dietz (renamed Orange-Nassau), which, like the other Ottonian lines, had acquired the status of
imperial princes in the 1650s. By 1739 the line of Orange-Nassau had united the possessions of the Ottonian
line, but in 1815 most of their German holdings were transferred to the Walramian duchy of Nassau. The
kingdom of the Netherlands, including Luxemburg and what later became Belgium in 1831, remained in the
hands of the House of Orange-Nassau. When the direct male line of Orange-Nassau became extinct in 1890,
the Netherlands passed to female heirs while the deposed duke Adolf of Nassau became grand duke of
Luxembourg in accordance with Salic Law.
Counts of Laurenburg and Nassau
House of Nassau
10931123
11231154
& 11231148:
11541159
& 11541159
& 11541198
11591167
& 11591191
11981251
&11981230
12511255
& 12511255
Dudo Heinrich son of Ruprecht; count of Laurenburg

Ruprecht I son of Dudo Heinrich; in Nassau
Arnold I son of Dudo Heinrich; in Laurenburg
Arnold II son of Ruprecht I
Ruprecht II son of Ruprecht I
Walram I son of Ruprecht I
Heinrich I son of Arnold I
Ruprecht III, the Warlike brother of Heinrich I
Heinrich II, the Rich son of Walram I
Ruprecht IV son of Walram I; abdicated, died 1239:
Walram II son of Heinrich II; Walramian Line 12551276
Otto I son of Heinrich II; Ottonian Line 12551289
(division into Walramian and Ottonian lines 1255)
Walramian Line of the House of Nassau (in Wiesbaden, Idstein, Weilburg, and Sonnenberg)
12551276 Walram II son of count Heinrich II of Nassau; Nassau 12511255
12761298 Adolf I son of Walram II; German king 12921298
12981304 Ruprecht V son of Adolf I
& 12981344 Gerlach I son of Adolf I; abdicated, died 1361
& 12981324 Walram III son of Adolf I
13441355 Adolf II son of Gerlach I; to Wiesbaden and Idstein 13551370
& 13441355 Johann I son of Gerlach I; to Weilburg 13551371
& 13441355 Kraft son of Gerlach I; to Sonnenberg 13551356
& 13441355 Ruprecht VI son of Gerlach I; to Sonnenberg 13551390
(division into Wiesbaden-Idstein, Weilburg, and Sonnenberg 1355)
13551370
13701386
Counts of Nassau in Wiesbaden and Idstein

Adolf I son of count Gerlach I of the Walramian Line; Walramian Line 13441355
Gerlach II son of Adolf I
& 13701393
13931426
14261480
14801511
& 14801509
15111554
15541566
& 15541556
15641568
15681596
15961605
16051629
16291635
16351648
16481677
16771721
13551371
13711429
14291490
& 14291442
14901523
15231559
15591593
& 15591574
15931627
& 15931597
& 15931602
16271629
& 16271629
& 16271655
& 16271629
16551675
16751719
& 16751684
17191753
17531788
17881816
18161839
18391866
14421472
Walram II son of Adolf I

Adolf II son of Walram II
Johann I son of Adolf II
Adolf III son of Johann I; in Wiesbaden
Philipp I son of Johann I; in Idstein
Philipp II, the Elder son of Adolf III; abdicated, died 1558
Philipp III, the Younger son of Philipp II; in Wiesbaden
Adolf IV son of Philipp II; in Idstein
Balthasar son of Philipp II; in Idstein 15641566
Johann Ludwig I son of Balthasar
Johann Ludwig II son of Johann Ludwig I
(to Nassau-Weilburg)
Johann II son of count Ludwig II of Nassau-Weilburg; Weilburg 16271629; deposed
(to France)
Johann II restored
Georg August Samuel son of Johann II; prince 1688
(to Nassau-Ottweiler 1721)
Counts and Princes of Nassau in Weilburg, Dukes of Nassau
Johann I son of count Gerlach I of the Walramian Line; Walramian Line 13441355
Philipp I son of Johann I; inherited Saarbrcken 1381
Philipp II son of Philipp I; abdicated, died 1492
Johann II son of Philipp I; to Saarbrcken 14421472
+ Johann III son of Philipp II; associated 14721480
Ludwig I son of Johann III; associated 1480
Philipp III son of Ludwig I
Albrecht son of Philipp III
Philipp IV son of Philipp III; to Saarbrcken 15741602
Ludwig II son of Albrecht; to Weilnau and Ottweiler 15931597
Wilhelm son of Albrecht; in Weilburg and Merenberg
Johann Kasimir son of Albrecht; in Gleiberg and Kirchheim
Wilhelm Ludwig son of Ludwig II; to Saarbrcken and Ottweiler 16291640
Johann IV son of Ludwig II; to Wiesbaden and Idstein 16291677
Ernst Kasimir son of Ludwig II; to Weilburg 16291655
Otto son of Ludwig II; to Kirchheim 16291632
Friedrich son of Ernst Kasimir
Johann Ernst son of Friedrich; prince 1688 (did not assume title)
Friedrich Wilhelm son of Friedrich
Karl August son of Johann Ernst; prince 1737
Karl Christian son of Karl August
Friedrich Wilhelm son of Karl Christian
Wilhelm son of Friedrich Wilhelm; duke of Nassau 1816
Adolf son of Wilhelm; deposed, grand duke of Luxembourg 18901905
(to Prussia 1866)
Counts of Nassau in Saarbrcken
Johann II son of count Philipp I of Nassau-Weilburg; Nassau-Weilburg 14291442
14721544
15441554
& 15441574
& 15441547
15741602
16021629
16291640
16401642
& 16401659
& 16401677
& 16401659
16771713
17131723
17231735
17351768
17681793
16291659
16591680
16801728
16291659
16591702
17021718
17181775
& 17181735
17751803
18031816
Johann Ludwig I son of Johann II; abdicated, died 1545

Philipp I son of Johann Ludwig I
Johann III son of Johann Ludwig I; to Saarwerden 15441556, 15591574, and
Ottweiler-Homburg 15471554
Adolf son of Johann Ludwig I; to Kirchheim 15471559; Saarwerden 15561559
Philipp II son of count Philipp III of Nassau-Weilburg; Weilburg 15591574
(to Nassau-Weilburg)
Wilhelm Ludwig son of count Ludwig II of Nassau-Weilburg; Weilburg 16271629
Kraft son of Wilhelm Ludwig
Johann Ludwig II son of Wilhelm Ludwig; to Ottweiler 16591680, died 1690
Gustav Adolf son of Wilhelm Ludwig
Wolrad son of Wilhelm Ludwig; to Usingen 16591702; prince 1688
Ludwig Kraft I son of Gustav Adolf
Karl Ludwig son of Gustav Adolf
(to Nassau-Ottweiler)
Wilhelm Heinrich II posthumous son of prince Wilhelm Heinrich I of Nassau-Usingen,
son of Wolrad; Usingen 17181735
Ludwig Kraft II son of Wilhelm Heinrich II; deposed, died 1794
Counts of Nassau in Ottweiler
(to Nassau-Saarbrcken)
Johann Ludwig II son of count Wilhelm Ludwig of Nassau-Saarbrcken; Saarbrcken
Friedrich Ludwig son of Johann Ludwig II
(to Nassau-Usingen 1728)
Counts of Nassau in Usingen, Dukes of Nassau
(to Nassau-Saarbrcken)
Wolrad son of count Wilhelm Ludwig of Nassau-Saarbrcken; Saarbrcken 16401659;
prince 1688
Wilhelm Heinrich I son of Wolrad
Karl son of Wilhelm Heinrich I
Wilhelm Heinrich II posthumous son of Wilhelm Heinrich I; to Saarbrcken 17351768
Karl Wilhelm son of Karl
Friedrich August son of Karl; duke of Nassau 1806
(to Nassau-Weilburg 1816)
Ottonian Line of the House of Nassau (in Siegen, Hadamar, Dillenburg, and Beilstein)
12551289 Otto I son of count Heinrich II of Nassau; Nassau 12511255
12891303 Heinrich III son of Otto I; to Siegen 13031343
& 12891303 Emich I son of Otto I; to Hadamar 13031334
& 12891303 Johann son of Otto I; to Dillenburg and Beilstein 13031328
(division into Siegen, Hadamar, and Dillenburg-Beilstein 1303)
13031343
13431344
Counts of Nassau in Siegen

Heinrich I son of count Otto I of the Ottonian Line; Ottonian Line 12891303
Otto II son of Heinrich III; to Dillenburg-Siegen 13441350:
& 13431344
13441350:
:13511416
14161420
& 14161443
& 14161442
& 14161442
14421475
& 14421450
14751504
& 14751516
15161538
& 15161559
15591584
& 15591606
16061607
& 16061607
& 16061607
& 16061607
& 16061607
16071620
16201623
16231662
& 16231626
16621701
17011724
17241739
16071623
16231638
& 16231642
& 16231679
& 16231674
16381699
16991706
17061726
Heinrich II son of Heinrich III; to Beilstein 13441378:

(division into Dillenburg-Siegen and Beilstein 1344)
Counts of Nassau in Dillenburg and Siegen
Otto son of count Heinrich I of Nassau-Siegen; Siegen 13431344
Johann I son of Otto
Adolf son of Johann I
Johann II, the Helmeted son of Johann I; in Dietz 1425
Engelbert I son of Johann I; in Herborn and Hadamar 1425
Johann III son of Johann I; in Haiger 1425
Johann IV son of Engelbert I; in Breda
Heinrich II son of Engelbert I; in Dillenburg and Siegen
Engelbert II son of Johann IV, in Breda and the Netherlands
Johann V son of Johann IV; in Dillenburg and Siegen
Heinrich III son of Johann V; in Breda and the Netherlands since 1504
Wilhelm I, the Rich son of Johann V; in Dillenburg and Siegen
Wilhelm II, the Silent son of Wilhelm I; in Breda and the Netherlands
Johann VI, the Elder son of Wilhelm I
Wilhelm Ludwig son of Johann VI; to Dillenburg 16071620
Johann VII, the Middle son of Johann VI; to Siegen 16071623
Georg son of Johann VI; to Beilstein 16071620; to Dillenburg 16201623
Ernst Kasimir son of Johann VI; to Dietz 16071632
Johann Ludwig son of Johann VI; to Hadamar 16071653
(division into Dillenburg, Siegen, Beilstein, Dietz, and Hadamar 1607)
Counts and Princes of Nassau in Dillenburg
Wilhelm Ludwig son of count Johann VI of Nassau-Dillenburg-Siegen; Dillenburg and
Siegen 16061607
Georg brother of Wilhelm Ludwig; in Beilstein 16071620
Ludwig Heinrich son of Georg; prince 1652
Albrecht son of Georg
Heinrich son of Georg Ludwig, son of Ludwig Heinrich
+ Adolf son of Ludwig Heinrich; in Holzapfel-Schaumburg 16531676
Wilhelm son of Heinrich
Christian son of Heinrich
(to Nassau-Dietz 1739)
Counts and Princes of Nassau in Siegen
Johann VII, the Middle son of count Johann VI of Nassau-Dillenburg-Siegen; Dillenburg
and Siegen 16061607
Johann VIII, the Younger son of Johann VII
Wilhelm son of Johann VII
Johann Moritz son of Johann VII; prince 1664
Georg Friedrich son of Johann VII; prince 1664
Johann Franz son of Johann VIII; prince 1652
Wilhelm Hyacinth son of Johann Franz; deposed
(to the Empire)
17261743
16231652
16521691
16911722
17221734
16071632
16321640
& 16321664
16641696
16961711
17111751
17511806
13031334
13341364:
13371359
:13651367:
& :13651394:
1394:1607
16071653
16531679
16791711
13441378:
:13801412:
& :1380:1412
1412:1473
& 1412:1477
14731499
14991513
& 14991556
15131561
Wilhelm Hyacinth restored

(to Nassau-Dillenburg 1743)
Counts and Prince of Nassau-Siegen in Wisch
Heinrich son of count Johann VII of Nassau-Siegen
Wilhelm Moritz son of Heinrich; prince 1664
Friedrich Wilhelm Adolf son of Wilhelm Moritz
Friedrich Wilhelm son of Friedrich Wilhelm Adolf
(to Nassau-Dillenburg 1734)
Counts and Princes of Nassau in Dietz (Diez)
Ernst Kasimir son of count Johann VI of Nassau-Dillenburg-Siegen; Dillenburg and
Siegen 16061607
Heinrich Kasimir I son of Ernst Kasimir
Wilhelm Friedrich son of Ernst Kasimir; prince 1654
Heinrich Kasimir II son of Wilhelm Friedrich
Johann Wilhelm Friso son of Heinrich Kasimir II
Wilhelm Friso posthumous son of Johann Wilhelm Friso; Netherlands 17471751
Wilhelm son of Wilhelm Friso; Netherlands 17511795; deposed, died 1806
(to France 1806; to the duchy of Nassau 1815; to Prussia 1866)
Counts of Nassau in Hadamar
Emich I son of count Otto I of the Ottonian Line; Ottonian Line 12891303
Johann son of Emich I
Emich II son of Emich I
Heinrich son of Johann
Emich III son of Johann
(to Nassau-Dillenburg-Siegen)
Johann Ludwig son of count Johann VI of Nassau-Dillenburg-Siegen; Dillenburg and
Siegen 16061607; prince 1650
Moritz Heinrich son of Johann Ludwig
Franz Alexander son of Moritz Heinrich
(to Nassau-Dillenburg and Nassau-Dietz 1711; to Nassau-Dietz 1739)
Counts of Nassau in Beilstein
Heinrich I son of count Heinrich I of Nassau-Siegen
Reinhard son of Heinrich I; in Liebenscheid
Johann I son of Heinrich II
Heinrich III son of Johann II; in Liebenscheid 1425
Heinrich IV son of Johann I
Johann II son of Heinrich IV
Bernhard son of Heinrich IV; in Lahr 1514; in Liebenscheid 1537
(to Nassau-Dillenburg-Siegen 1561)
14051442
14421475
14751504
15041538
15381544
15441584
15841618
16181625
16251647
16471650
16501702
Counts of Nassau in Breda, Princes of Orange

Englebert I son of count Johann I of Nassau-Dillenburg
Johann son of Engelbert I
Engelbert II son of Johann
Heinrich son of count Johann V of Nassau-Dillenburg, son of Johann
Renatus son of Heinrich; prince of Orange 1530
Wilhelm I, the Silent son of count Wilhelm I of Nassau-Dillenburg, brother of Heinrich;
Netherlands 15811584
Philipp Wilhelm son of Wilhelm I
Moritz son of Wilhelm I; Netherlands 15851625
Friedrich Heinrich son of Wilhelm I; Netherlands 16251647
Wilhelm II son of Friedrich Heinrich; Netherlands 16471650
Wilhelm III posthumous son of Wilhelm II; Netherlands 16721702; England,
Scotland, and Ireland 16891702; principality of Orange lost to France 1673
(to Nassau-Dietz 1702)
NEUENAHR
The county of Neuenahr south of Bonn on the Rhine was hemmed-in between the archbishoprics of Cologne
in the north and Trier in the south. Its original ruling lineage became extinct in the male line in c.1360 and
the county passed by marriage to the lord of Saffenberg. The county passed, again by marriage, to the counts of
nearby Virneburg in 1426. On the extinction of this line in 1545, the archbishop of Cologne, as overlord of
the county, granted it to the duke of Jlich-Cleves, who united it with Jlich.
Counts of Neuenahr
House of Ahr
:12251231:
:12401266:
:1270:1276
:12761322:
:13271330:
:13361351:
:13531359:
:13601393:
House of Saffenberg
& :13691397
1397:1413
& 13971426
House of Virneburg
14261443
14431459
14591522:
:15251534
15341545
Otto son of count Gerhard of Ahr and Nrnburg

Gerhard son of Otto
Dietrich son of Gerhard
Wilhelm I son of Dietrich
Wilhelm II son of Wilhem I
Kraft son of Wilhelm I
Katharina daughter of Wilhelm III
Johann I married Katharina; son of Konrad II of Saffenberg
Johann II son of Johann I and Katharina
Wilhelm IV son of Johann I and Katharina
Philipp I husband of Katharina, daughter of Wilhelm IV; son of count Adolf of Virneburg
Ruprecht I son of Philipp I
Philipp II son of Ruprecht I
Ruprecht III son of Philipp II
Konrad (Kuno) son of Philipp II
(to Jlich 1545; divided between Brandenburg and the Palatinate-Neuburg 1609; to the
Palatinate-Neuburg 1614, united with the Palatinate 1685, and with Bavaria 1777; to
France 1794; to Prussia 1815)
NORDGAU / LOWER ALSACE (NIEDER-ELSASS)

Under the Merovingian and Carolingian kings of the Franks, the region of Alsace (Elsa) west of the Rhine
was entrusted to dukes, mostly from the Etichonid family. Although the Etichonids seem to have retained
their regional importance as counts in both Upper Alsace (Sundgau) and Lower Alsace (Nordgau), they lost
the ducal office in 742. Hugo, a bastard son of king Lothar II of Lorraine, was invested as duke by his father in
867, but was blinded and deposed by his cousin Karl III the Fat in 885. Subsequently Alsace was attached to
the duchy of Swabia. A line of Etichonid-descended counts emerged as hereditary rulers in most of Nordgau
by the late 9th century. Count Hugo VI had the distinction of being the father of Pope Leo IX. Although
their descendants retained the counties of Egisheim and Dagsburg, after 1089 authority over Nordgau passed to
the House of Hneburg, who were eventually titled landgraves in Lower Alsace. After the extinction of this
line, the landgraviate was entrusted to the House of Werd in 1196, and passed by marriage to the House of
ttingen in 1344. Ludwig X of ttingen sold the landgraviate to the bishop of Strasbourg in 1358.
Counts in Nordgau, landgraves of Lower Alsace
Etichonid House of Egisheim
:886898: Eberhard III son of count Eberhard II; count in Nordgau
:900940 Hugo III son of Eberhard III
940951 Eberhard IV son of Hugo III; abdicated, died 972/973
& 940959: Hugo IV son of Hugo III
951984: Hugo V, the Hoarse son of Eberhard IV
:9861016 Eberhard V son of Hugo V
1016c.1038 Hugo VI son of Hugo V
c.1038:1049 Gerhard I son of Hugo VI
& c.10381046: Hugo VII 50 son of Hugo VI
:10491063 Heinrich son of Hugo VII
10631074 Gerhard II son of Heinrich; in Egisheim; to Egisheim 10741098:
10741089 Hugo VIII son of Heinrich; in Dagsburg
House of Bliesgau-Hneburg
:10981127: Gottfried I son of count Gottfried of Bliesgau
:11351148: Dietrich son of Gottfried I; landgrave in Lower Alsace by 1135
:11481175: Gottfried II son of Dietrich
1175:1192 (to the Empire)
House of Werd
11961226: Sigebert son of count Sigebert III of Werd
:12291238 Heinrich I son of Sigebert
12391278 Heinrich II Sigebert posthumous son of Heinrich I
12781308 Johann son of Heinrich II Sigebert
13081344 Ulrich son of Heinrich II Sigebert
House of ttingen
13441357 Friedrich husband of Adelheid, daughter of Ulrich; son of count Friedrich I of ttingen
13571358 Ludwig son of Friedrich; sold rights, died 1370
(landgraviate sold to the bishop of Strasbourg 1358)
NORDMARK
The Saxon North March (Nordmark) was Slavic territory taken by the East Frankish (German) kingdom in
50
In older lists Hugo VI and Hugo VII are mistaken for the same person.
the 920s. From 936 it formed part of a large march of margrave Gero, but on his death in 965 it emerged as a
separate march alongside Meissen (Meien), Lusatia (Lausitz), Merseburg, and Zeitz. A Slavic revolt led by the
Liutizi obliterated most of the march in 983, and it only after the Crusade against the Wends in 1147 that its
territory was fully regained. By then the Nordmark had become the Ascanian march of Brandenburg.
Margraves of Nordmark
House of Haldensleben
965983 Dietrich son of (?) count Bernhard of Borghorst
983985 (to Poland)
House of Merseburg
985993 Hodo son of (?) margrave Gero, son of count Thietmar of Merseburg
House of Walbeck
9931003 Lothar son of count Lothar II of Walbeck
10031009 Werner son of Lothar; deposed, died 1014
House of Haldensleben
10091018: Bernhard I son of Dietrich
1018:1044: Bernhard II son of Bernhard I
:10511056 Wilhelm son of Bernhard II
House of Stade
10561057 Lothar Udo I son of count Siegfried II of Stade
10571082 Lothar Udo II son of Lothar Udo I
10821087 Heinrich I, the Tall son of Lothar Udo II
10871106 Lothar Udo III son of Lothar Udo II
11061112 Rudolf I son of Lothar Udo II; deposed
House of Pltzkau
11121113 Helperich son of count Dietrich of Pltzkau; deposed, died 1118
House of Stade
11131114 Rudolf I restored; deposed, died 1124
11141128 Heinrich II son of Lothar Udo III; associated since 1106
11281130 Lothar Udo IV son of Rudolf I
House of Pltzkau
11301133 Konrad, Flower of Saxony son of Helperich
House of Stade
11331134 Rudolf II son of Rudolf I; deposed; retained Dithmarschen 11341144
(to Brandenburg 1134)
NORTHEIM
The Saxon county of Northeim was held by important and ambitious lords by the 11th century. Count Otto I
briefly ruled Bavaria, and his son Heinrich the Fat, Frisia. The counts opposed the emperor Heinrich IV, and
the first non-dynastic emperor, Lothar of Supplinburg, had married into the family. The county passed into
the hands of his Welf grandson Heinrich the Lion and, after the dissolution of the old duchy of Saxony in
1180, it became a cornerstone of the remaining Welf possessions in Saxony, the future Brunswick-Lneburg.
Counts of Northeim
House of Northeim
:9831004
1004c.1049
c.10491083
Siegfried son of (?) count Otto; count of Northeim

Bernhard (Benno) son of Siegfried
Otto I son of Bernhard
Heinrich I, the Fat son of Otto I

Kuno son of Otto I; count of Beichlingen 10871103
11011117 Otto II son of Heinrich I
11171141 Richenza daughter of Heinrich I
& 11171137 Lothar of Supplinburg husband of Richenza; son of count Gebhard of Supplinburg;
Supplinburg House of Saxony
11411143 Gertrud daughter of Lothar and Richenza
Welf House of Saxony
11431195 Heinrich II, the Lion son of Gertrud by duke Heinrich II of Saxony
(to future Brunswick-Lneburg 1180)
10831101
Counts of Boyneburg
House of Northeim
10831107
11071144
Siegfried I son of count Otto I of Northeim

Siegfried II son of Siegfried I
(to the Empire 1144)
NRNBERG
In the 12th century the prosperous city of Nrnberg was governed, together with a sizable territory, by a line of
burgraves from the family of Raabs. On the extinction of the male line of that house in c.1191, the burgraviate
passed to Friedrich III of Zollern, the son-in-law of the previous burgrave. Although this was one of the first
major steps in the advancement of the Hohenzollerns, the authority of the burgraves over the city diminished
after Nrnberg was declared a free imperial city in 1219. Nevertheless, the Hohenzollern burgraves secured
additional lands, like Bayreuth, Ansbach, and Kulmbach. In 1363 the burgrave Friedrich V was promoted to
imperial prince by the emperor Karl IV. Friedrich Vs son, Friedrich VI, who was invested as margrave and
later elector of Brandenburg, finally sold the burgraviate itself to the city of Nrnberg in 1427, but retained the
more extensive lands of Ansbach, Bayreuth, and Kulmbach. These eventually evolved into the margraviates of
Brandenburg-Ansbach and Brandenburg-Bayreuth.
Burgraves of Nrnberg
House of Raabs
1105c.1137 Gottfried I son of Gottdied I of Raabs
c.1137c.1143 Konrad I brother of Gottfried I; associated 1105
c.1143c.1160 Gottfried II son of Gottfried I
c.1160c.1191 Konrad II son of Konrad I
c.1191c.1200 Friedrich I husband of Sophia, daughter of Konrad II; son of count Friedrich II of Zollern
c.12001226 Friedrich II, the Admiral son of Friedrich I; to Hohenzollern 12261251:
& c.12001261: Konrad I son of Friedrich I
:12621297 Friedrich III, the Heir son of Konrad I; inherited Bayreuth 1248
& :12621314 Konrad II, the Pious son of Konrad I
12971300 Johann I son of Friedrich III
& 12971332 Friedrich IV son of Friedrich III; purchased Ansbach 1331
13321357 Johann II, the Conqueror son of Friedrich IV; inherited Kulmbach 1340
& 13321334 Konrad III son of Friedrich IV
& 13321361 Albrecht, the Handsome son of Friedrich IV
13571397 Friedrich V son of Johann II; prince 1363
13971420
& 13971427
Johann III son of Friedrich V; in Bayreuth and Kulmbach 1398

Friedrich VI son of Friedrich V; in Ansbach 1398; margrave of Brandenburg 14151440;
elector of Brandenburg 14171440; Bayreuth and Kulmbach 1420
(burgraviate to Nrnberg 1427; Ansbach, Bayreuth, and Kulmbach to Brandenburg)
OLDENBURG
The county of Oldenburg in Lower Saxony became an immediate imperial holding in 1180, after the
deposition of Heinrich the Lion as duke of Saxony and the dismemberment of the duchy. In the second half
of the 13th century the family divided between the lines of Oldenburg and Delmenhorst, which were reunited
by marriage into the line of Oldenburg. Count Dietrich of Oldenburg thus brought under his rule all of the
houses possessions by 1434. By a second marriage Dietrich ensured his son Christian VI the succession to the
duchy of Schleswig and the county of Holstein, and Christians own marriage to the widowed queen of
Denmark and Norway helped secure his election to the thrones of these kingdoms. In 1454 Christian left the
county of Oldenburg to his younger brother Gerhard and the county of Delmenhorst to his brother Moritz.
On the extinction of the legitimate line of the House of Oldenburg in 1667, the county passed to the surviving
Danish and Holstein-Gottorp branches of the family. In 1773 a cadet line of the ducal House of HolsteinGottorp acquired Oldenburg as a duchy, which became part of the German Empire in 1871.
Counts of Oldenburg
House of Oldenburg
1088c.1108
c.1108c.1142
c.11421148
& c.11421167
11671209
12091251
& 12091233
12331263:
1251c.1255
:12721285
12851316
13161323:
& 13161344
& 13161347
1344c.1356
& 13441401
13501399
13991440
14011420
14401450
14501463
& 14501483
14831495
& 14831492
& 14831526
51
Egilmar I count in Lerigau

Egilmar II son of Egilmar I; count of Oldenburg
Heinrich I son of Egilmar II; to Wildeshausen 11481167 (line extinct 1384)
Christian I, the Warlike son of Egilmar II
Moritz I son of Christian I
Otto I son of Moritz I
Christian II son of Moritz I
Johann I son of Christian II
Heinrich II son of Otto I
Christian III son of Johann I
Johann II son of Christian III
Christian IV son of Johann II
Konrad I son of Johann II
Konrad II son of Konrad I
Christian V son of Konrad I
Dietrich, the Lucky son of Christian V
Moritz II son of Konrad II
Christian VI son of Dietrich; abdicated; Denmark 14481481; Norway 14501481;
Sweden 14571464
Moritz III son of Dietrich; to Delmenhorst 14631464
Gerhard, the Warlike son of Dietrich; in Oldenburg 1463; abdicated, died 1500
Adolf son of Gerhard; abdicated, died 1500 51
Christian VII son of Gerhard
Johann V son of Gerhard
In captivity 14831485.
& 14831500
15261529
& 15261529
& 15261529
& 15261573
15731603
& 15731577
16031667
16671773
17731785
17851806
18061807
18071810
18101815
18151823
18231829
18291853
18531900
19001918
:12721304
13041347:
& 13041354:
:13481367
:1355c.1374
& :1355c.1374
13671418
14181434
14341463
14631464
14641483
14831577
15771619
16191622
& 16191647
Otto II son of Gerhard

Johann VI son of Johann V; deposed, died 1548
Georg son of Johann V; died 1551
Christoph son of Johann V; died 1566
Anton I (Tnjes) son of Johann V
Johann VII son of Anton I
Anton II son of Anton I; to Delmenhorst 15771619
Anton Gnther son of Johann VII
(to Denmark and Holstein Gottorp 1667; to Holstein-Gottorp 1676; to Denmark 1702)
Dukes of Oldenburg
Friedrich August son of Christian August, son of duke Christian Albrecht of Holstein-Gottorp
Friedrich Wilhelm son of Friedrich August; deposed
(to France and Holland)
Friedrich Wilhelm restored; deposed
(to France)
Friedrich Wilhelm restored
Peter I (Peter Friedrich Ludwig) son of Georg Ludwig, brother of Friedrich August
August I (Paul Friedrich August) son of Peter I
Peter II (Nikolaus Friedrich Peter) son of August I
August II (August Friedrich) son of Peter II; deposed, died 1931
(to Germany 1918)
Counts of Oldenburg in Delmenhorst
Otto I son of count Johann I of Oldenburg
Johann I son of Otto I
Christian I, the Elder son of Otto I
Christian II, the Younger son of Johann I
Otto II son of Christian I
Christian III son of Christian I; abdicated, died 1391
Otto III son of Christian II
Nikolaus son of Otto III; abdicated, died 1447
(to Oldenburg)
Moritz son of count Dietrich of Oldenburg; Oldenburg 14501463
Jakob son of Moritz; deposed, died 1486
(to the bishopric of Mnster 1483; to Oldenburg 1547)
Anton son of count Anton I of Oldenburg; Oldenburg 15731577
Anton Heinrich son of Anton
Christian IV son of Anton
(to Oldenburg 1647)
ORTENBERG/ORTENBURG
A branch of the Sponheim family established itself in Lower Bavaria and in Carinthia and Carniola. Several
members of the family served as dukes of Carinthia and margraves of Carniola and Istria. On the abdication of
Engelbert II in 1135, his fours sons divided his lands, Rapoto I taking Ortenberg. The county took its name
from Ortenberg (Ortenburg from 1530), built in c.1120 in eastern Bavaria. The counts ruled several enclaves
within the duchy of Bavaria and, for awhile, served as counts palatine of Bavaria. They strove to preserve an
uneasy independence between Austria and Bavaria, and were considered immediate vassals of the emperor, even
after embracing Protestantism. In 1805 count Joseph Karl sold the county to Bavaria. Unlike many other
German princes, the counts of Ortenburg adopted the seniorate principle of succession; the list includes only
the senior, reigning counts. The familys relation, if any, to the Carinthian Ortenburgs is unknown.
Counts of Ortenberg/Ortenburg
House of Sponheim
c.10401065
10651096
10961135
11351186
11861231
& 11861241
12311248
12411257
12571275
12751296
12961345
13451395
13951422
14221444
14441460
14601488
14881490
14901519
15191524
15241551
15511600
16001603
16031627
16271658
16581666
16661684
16841702
17021725
17251776
17761787
17871805
Siegfried margrave of the Hungarian March 10451048

Engelbert I son of Siegfried
Engelbert II son of Engelbert I; Istria 11071124; Carniola 11121124; Carinthia
Rapoto I son of Engelbert II; obtained Murach 1163; Kraiburg 1173
Rapoto II son of Rapoto I; in Kraiburg; count palatine of Bavaria
Heinrich I son of Rapoto I; in Murach
Rapoto III son of Rapoto II; in Kraiburg; count palatine of Bavaria
Heinrich II, the Giver son of Heinrich I
Gebhard son of Heinrich I
Rapoto IV son of Heinrich I
Heinrich III son of Rapoto IV
Georg I son of Heinrich IV
Etzel I son of Heinrich IV
Alram II son of count Alram I of Dorfbach, son of Heinrich IV
Georg II son of count Heinrich V of Neu-Ortenberg, son of Georg I
Sebastian I, the Fighter brother of Georg II
Wolfgang son of Georg II
Ulrich II son of Sebastian I
Christoph I son of Sebastian I
Joachim son of Christoph I
Heinrich VII son of count Johann III, son of count Alexander, son of Ulrich II
Georg IV son of count Ulrich III, son of count Alexander, son of Ulrich II
Friedrich Kasimir son of Heinrich VII
Georg Reinhard son of Georg IV
Christian son of Georg IV
Georg Philipp son of Georg Reinhard
Johann Georg son of Georg Philipp
Karl III son of Johann Georg
Karl Albrecht son of Karl III
Joseph Karl son of Karl Albrecht; abdicated, died 1831
(to Bavaria 1805)
OSTFRIESLAND
Ostfriesland (East Frisia) was originally divided into three counties belonging to the duchy of Lower Lorraine.
By the 13th century, all three were ruled by the bishops of Mnster and Hamburg-Bremen. Actual authority
was delegated to a plethora of local chieftains. Among these, the Cirksena House of Greetsyl acquired
preeminence through annexation and profitable marriages. In 1464 Ulrich I was invested as count of
Ostfriesland by the emperor, and the family retained the county until its extinction in 1744. Ostfriesland then
passed to the Hohenzollern House of Brandenburg-Prussia, in accordance with a succession arrangement

concluded in 1694. In 1807 Prussia had to cede the county to Holland, and in 1810 it was annexed by France.
The Congress of Vienna awarded Ostfriesland to Hanover in 1815, and in 1866 it passed to Prussia.
Lords, Counts, and Princes of Ostfriesland
Cirksena House of Greetsyl
14501466 Ulrich I son of Edzard Cirksena; count 1464
14661491 Enno I son of Ulrich I
14911528 Edzard I, the Great son of Ulrich I
15281540 Enno II son of Edzard I
15401599 Edzard II son of Enno II
+ Johann son of Enno II; associated 15611591
15991625 Enno III son of Edzard II
16251628 Rudolf Christian son of Enno III
16281648 Ulrich II son of Enno III
16481660 Enno Ludwig son of Ulrich II; prince 1654
16601665 Georg Christian son of Ulrich II; hereditary prince 1662
16651708 Christian Eberhard posthumous son of Georg Christian
17081734 Georg Albrecht son of Christian Eberhard
17341744 Karl Edzard son of Georg Albrecht
(to Brandenburg-Prussia 1744; to Holland 1807; to France 1810; to Hanover 1815; to
Prussia 1866)
TTINGEN
The counts of ttingen on the Danube in western Bavaria and in northeastern Swabia divided and redivided
their possessions among several branches of the family, until they were reunited for almost a decade by count
Ludwig XV in 1549. On his death in 1557, the family lands were divided into two major branches, the
Protestant ttingen and Catholic Wallerstein, the latter subdividing further in 1602. Albrecht Ernst I of
ttingen was promoted to prince in 1674, but this branch of the family became extinct in 1731. The counts
of ttingen-Spielberg and ttingen-Wallerstein were likewise promoted to princes, but later, in the 18th
century. In 1806 the two surviving principalities were mediatized, and their lands passed under the control of
Bavaria. The list includes only those family lines that attained princely rank.
Counts of ttingen
House of ttingen
13131378
& 13131357
13571370
13701440
& 13701423
14231443
& 14231443
& 14231443
52
Ludwig IX son of count Friedrich I of ttingen

Friedrich II brother of Ludwig IX; landgrave of Nordgau 13441357
Ludwig X son of Friedrich II; landgrave of Nordgau 13571359
Ludwig XI, the Bearded son of Ludwig X; in Flochberg 1410
Friedrich III son of Ludwig X; in Wallerstein 1410
+ Ludwig XII son of Ludwig XI; associated 14101422
+ Friedrich IV son of Friedrich III; associated 14101422, died 1439 52
Johann I, the Solemn son of Friedrich III; to Alt-Wallerstein 14431449
Wilhelm I son of Friedrich III; to ttingen 14431467
Ulrich son of Friedrich III; to Flochberg 14431477
(division into Alt-Wallerstein, Flochberg, and ttingen 1443)
In Bavarian captivity since 1422.
14431449
14491486
14861487
Counts of ttingen in Alt-Wallerstein

Johann I, the Solemn son of Friedrich III of ttingen; ttingen 14231443
Ludwig XIII son of Johann I
Magdalena daughter of Ludwig XIII; sold county, died 1525
(to Bavaria 14871492; divided between Flochberg and ttingen 1493)
14431477
14771520
15201549
& 15201548
Counts of ttingen in Flochberg to 1488, then Wallerstein

Ulrich son of Friedrich III of ttingen; ttingen 14231443
Joachim son of Ulrich; Wallerstein from 1488
Martin son of Joachim
Ludwig XIV son of Joachim
(to ttingen 1549)
14431467
14671522
& 14671519
15221549
& 15221557
Counts of ttingen in ttingen

Wilhelm I son of Friedrich III of ttingen; ttingen 14231443
Wolfgang I, the Fair son of Wilhelm I
Johann II son of Wilhelm I
Karl Wolfgang son of Wolfgang I
Ludwig XV son of Wolfgang I
(division into ttingen and Wallerstein 1557 53)
15571569
15691622
16221659
16591660
16601683
16831731
15571579
15791602
16021670
16701692
16921708
17081728
17281738
17381744
17441745
17451766
17661802
Counts and Princes of ttingen in ttingen

Ludwig XVI son of count Ludwig XV of ttingen
Gottfried son of Ludwig XVI
Joachim Ernst son of Ludwig Eberhard, son of Gottfried
Kraft Ludwig son of Joachim Ernst
Albrecht Ernst I son of Joachim Ernst; prince 1674
Albrecht Ernst II son of Albrecht Ernst I
(to Wallerstein and Spielberg 1731)
Counts and Princes of ttingen in Wallerstein
Friedrich V son of count Ludwig XV of ttingen; husband of Euphrosine, daughter of
Martin of Wallerstein
Wilhelm II son of Friedrich V
Ernst II son of Wolfgang III, son of Wilhelm II; retained Wallerstein 1602
Wilhelm IV son of Ernst II
Wolfgang IV son of Ernst II
Franz Ignaz Joseph son of Wolfgang IV
Anton Karl son of Philipp Karl, son of Ernst II; inherited 2/3 ttingen 1731
Johann Karl Friedrich son of Anton Karl
Maximilian Ignaz Philipp son of Johann Karl Friedrich
Philipp Karl son of Anton Karl
Kraft Ernst son of Philipp Karl; prince 1774; inherited Baldern and Katzenstein 1798
Other sons of Ludwig XV included Wolfgang II (15571572:), Wilhelm (15571561), Karl Ludwig (1557
1563), and Lothar (15571563), but although the first and last married, neither established a lasting branch of
the family.
53
18021806
Ludwig Kraft son of Kraft Ernst; mediatized, died 1870

(to Bavaria 1806; divided between Bavaria and Wrttemberg 1810)
16021614
16141632
16321665
16651675
16751685
16851737
17371780
& 17551768
17801797
17971806
Counts and Princes of ttingen in Spielberg

Maximilian Wilhelm son of Wilhelm III, son of count Wilhelm II of ttingen-Wallerstein
Johann Albrecht brother of Maximilian Wilhelm
Johann Franz son of Johann Albrecht
Johann Sebastian son of Johann Franz
Johann Wilhelm son of Johann Franz
Franz Albrecht son of Johann Franz; inherited 1/3 ttingen; prince 1734
Johann Alois I son of Franz Albrecht
Anton Ernst son of Franz Albrecht
Johann Alois II son of Anton Ernst
Johann Alois III son of Johann Alois II; mediatized, died 1855
(to Bavaria 1806; divided between Bavaria and Wrttemberg 1810)
16021626
16261653
& 16261677
& 16261641
16531687
16771693
16931751
17511780
& 17511787
& 17511778
& 17511798
Counts of ttingen in Baldern

Ernst I son of count Wilhelm II of ttingen
Martin Franz son of Ernst I
Friedrich Wilhelm Ernst son of Ernst I; in Katzenstein
Ulrich son of Ernst I
Ferdinand Maximilian son of Martin Franz
Notger Wilhelm son of Ferdiannd Maximilian; in Katzenstein; Baldern 1687
Kraft Anton Wilhelm son of Notger Wilhelm
Lothar Franz son of Kraft Anton Wilhelm
Philipp Karl son of Kraft Anton Wilhelm
Joseph Anton son of Kraft Anton Wilhelm
Franz Friedrich son of Kraft Anton Wilhelm
(to ttingen-Wallerstein 1798 54)
PALATINATE ON THE RHINE (PFALZ, RHEINPFALZ)
The counts palatine of Lorraine assembled a relatively large number of estates within the duchy of Lorraine and
of neighboring Franconia, leading to the formation of a new feudal principality as the duchies disintegrated.
From 1193 the counts title was changed to Count Palatine on the Rhine (Pfalzgraf am Rhein). In 1214 the
Palatinate became a hereditary possession of the House of Wittelsbach, and in 1356 the Golden Bull of
emperor Karl IV confirmed the count palatine as one of the imperial electors. The Wittelsbach line of the
Palatinate also governed the north-Bavarian area centered on Amberg and called Upper Palatinate (Oberpfalz).
The electorate passed to the Wittelsbachs of Bavaria in 1623 as punishment for the elector Friedrich Vs
leadership of the Protestant Union and attempt to take Bohemia from the Habsburgs. Eventually the
Wittelsbachs of the Palatinate recovered its independence and the creation of a separate, additional electorate
in 1648. The office of elector Palatine passed in succession among several of the numerous branches of the
family, until in 1777 (and again in 1799) both the Palatinate and Bavaria came under the rule of the same line
of the Wittelsbach family. In 1815 most of the Palatinate was integrated into the kingdom of Bavaria.
54
Kraft Anton Wilhelms daughter Charlotte Juliane had married Philipp Karl of ttingen-Wallerstein.
Counts Palatine of Lorraine/on the Rhine

House of Keldachgau
985996
9961034
10341047
10471061
10611085
House of Laach
10851095
Hermann I, the Little son of count Erenfried II of Keldachgau and Zlpichgau

Erenfried (Ezzo) son of Hermann I
Otto son of Erenfried
Heinrich I, the Furious son of Hezzelin, son of Hermann I
Hermann II son of Heinrich I
Heinrich II married Adelheid of Orlamnde 55, widow of Hermann II; son of count
Hermann of Gleiberg, son of count Friedrich I of Luxembourg
10951113 Siegfried son of Adelheid of Orlamnde by count Adalbert II of Ballenstedt
House of Calw
11131131 Gottfried son of count Adalbert II of Calw
11311140 Wilhelm son of Siegfried; associated 1126
Otto husband of Gertrud of Northeim 56, widow of Siegfried; son of count Hermann I
of Salm; rival 11401150
11401142 Heinrich III, Jasomirgott son of margrave Leopold III of Austria; abdicated, died 1177
House of Stahleck
11421156 Hermann III son of count Goswin III of Stahleck
11561195 Konrad son of duke Friedrich II of Swabia
Welf House of Brunswick
11951212 Heinrich IV, the Tall husband of Agnes, daughter of Konrad; abdicated, died 1227;
son of duke Heinrich III of Saxony
12121214 Heinrich V son of Heinrich IV
Wittelsbach Counts Palatine and Electors of the Palatinate
12141227 Ludwig I, of Kelheim son of duke Otto I of Bavaria; abdicated, died 1231
12271253 Otto, the Illustrious son of Ludwig I; married Agnes, daughter of Heinrich IV
12531294 Ludwig II, the Strict son of Otto
& 12531255 Heinrich son of Otto; to Lower Bavaria 12551290
12941317 Rudolf I, the Stammerer son of Ludwig II; deposed, died 1319
13171329 (to Upper Bavaria)
Adolf, the Simple son of Rudolf I; legitimist claimant 13191327
13291353 Rudolf II, the Blind son of Rudolf I; legitimist claimant since 1319
& 13291390 Ruprecht I, the Red son of Rudolf I; legitimist claimant since 1319; elector 1356
13901398 Ruprecht II, the Tough son of Adolf
13981410 Ruprecht III, Clem, the Righteous son of Ruprecht II; German king 14001410
14101436 Ludwig III, the Bearded son of Ruprecht III
14361449 Ludwig IV, the Meek son of Ludwig III
14491451 Philipp, the Upright son of Ludwig IV; deposed
14511476 Friedrich I, the Victorious son of Ludwig III; regent since 1449
55
56
Daughter of margrave Otto I of Meissen.

Daughter of count Heinrich I of Northeim.
14761508
15081544
15441556
15561559
15591576
15761583
15831610
16101623
16231648
16481680
16801685
16851690
16901716
17161742
17421799
Philipp, the Upright restored

Ludwig V, the Pacific son of Philipp
Friedrich II, the Wise son of Philipp
Otto Heinrich, the Magnanimous son of Ruprecht, son of Philipp
Friedrich III, the Pious son of duke Johann II of Simmern, son of duke Johann I, son
of duke Friedrich I, son of duke Stephan, son of Ruprecht III
Ludwig VI, the Careless son of Friedrich III
Friedrich IV, the Sincere son of Ludwig VI
Friedrich V, the Winter King son of Friedrich IV; deposed, died 1632
(to Bavaria)
Karl I Ludwig son of Friedrich V; legitimist claimant since 1632
Karl II, the Credulous son of Karl I
Philipp Wilhelm son of duke Wolfgang Wilhelm of Neuburg, son of duke Philipp
Ludwig, son of duke Wolfgang of Zweibrcken, son of duke Ludwig II, son of duke
Alexander, son of duke Ludwig I, son of duke Stephan of Simmern, son of Ruprecht III
Johann Wilhelm son of Philipp Wilhelm
Karl III Philipp son of Philipp Wilhelm
Karl IV Theodor son of duke Johann Christian of Sulzbach, son of duke Theodor, son of duke
Christian August, son of duke August, son of duke Philipp Ludwig of Neuburg, son of duke
Wolfgang of Zweibrcken, son of duke Ludwig II, son of duke Alexander, son of duke Ludwig I,
son of duke Stephan of Simmern, son of Ruprecht III; elector of Bavaria 17771799
(union with Bavaria 1777)
14101443
14431448
Dukes of Neumarkt
Johann son of elector Ruprecht III of the Palatinate
Christoph son of Johann; king of Denmark 14391448
(to the Palatinate-Mosbach 1448)
14101461
14611499
Dukes of Mosbach
Otto I son of elector Ruprecht III of the Palatinate
Otto II, the Mathematician son of Otto I
(to the Palatinate 1499)
14101459
14591480
14801509
15091557
15571559
15591569
15691598
15981649
16491655
16551674
Dukes of Simmern
Stephan son of elector Ruprecht III of the Palatinate; also Zweibrcken
Friedrich I, the Pious son of Stephan
Johann I son of Friedrich I
Friedrich II, the Pious son of Johann II; abdicated, elector of the Palatinate 15591576
Georg son of Johann II
Richard son of Johann II
+ Johann Kasimir son of Friedrich II; associated in Lautern 15751592
(to the Palatinate 1598, to Bavaria 1623, to the Palatinate 1648)
Ludwig Philipp son of elector Friedrich IV of the Palatinate
Ludwig Heinrich son of Ludwig Philipp
(to the Palatinate 1674, to Bavaria 1685)
14101459
14591489
14891490
& 14891514
15141532
& 15141543
15321569
15691604
16041635
16351661
16611677
16771693
16931697
16971718
17181731
17311735
17351775
17751795
17951801
Dukes of Zweibrcken
Stephan son of elector Ruprecht III of the Palatinate; also Simmern
Ludwig I, the Black son of Stephan
Kaspar son of Ludwig I; abdicated, died 1527
Alexander, the Lame son of Ludwig I
Ludwig II son of Alexander
Ruprecht son of Alexander; to Veldenz 15431544
Wolfgang son of Ludwig II
Johann I, the Historian son of Wolfgang
Johann II, the Younger son of Johann I
Friedrich son of Johann II
Friedrich Ludwig son of duke Friedrich Kasimir of Landsberg, son of Johann I; deposed,
died 1681
(to France)
Karl I son of duke Karl Gustav of Kleeburg, son of duke Johann Kasimir, son of Johann I;
Sweden 16601697
Karl II son of Karl I; also Sweden
Gustav Samuel Leopold son of duke Adolf Johann I of Kleeburg, son of duke Johann
Kasimir, son of Johann I
Christian III son of duke Christian II of Birkenfeld, son of duke Christian I, son of duke
Karl, son of Wolfgang
Christian IV son of Christian III
Karl III son of Friedrich Michael, son of Christian III
Maximilian Joseph brother of Karl III; elector of the Palatinate and Bavaria 1799; king
of Bavaria 18051825
(union with the Palatinate and Bavaria 1799, to France 1801, to Bavaria 1815)
16041645
16451677
Dukes of Landsberg
Friedrich Kasimir son of duke Johann I of Zweibrcken
Friedrich Ludwig son of Friedrich Kasimir; in Landsberg since 1645; deposed, died 1681
(to France 1677, to the Palatinate-Zweibrcken-Kleeburg 1693)
16041652
16521660
16601689
16891701
17011731
Dukes of Kleeburg
Johann Kasimir son of duke Johann I of Zweibrcken
Karl Gustav son of Johann Kasimir; Sweden 16541660
Adolf Johann I son of Johann Kasimir
Adolf Johann II son of Adolf Johann I
Gustav Samuel Leopold son of Adolf Johann I
15431544
15441592
15921634
& 15921654
16341694
Dukes of Veldenz
Ruprecht son of duke Alexander of Zweibrcken
Georg Johann I, the Astute son of Ruprecht
Georg Gustav son of Georg Johann I; in Lauterecken 1601
Georg Johann II son of Georg Johann I; in Gutenberg 1601; in Ltzelstein 1611
Leopold Ludwig son of Georg Gustav
(to the Palatinate 1694, union with Bavaria 1777, to France 1801, to Bavaria 1815)
15591569
15691604
16041614
16141632
16321708
17081732
17321733
17331799
15691614
16141653
16531690
15841590
15901669
16691671
16711717
17171735
17341775
17751780
17801789
17891799
Dukes of Sulzbach
Wofgang son of duke Ludwig II of Zweibrcken
Otto Heinrich son of Wolfgang
Philipp Ludwig son of Wolfgang
August son of Philipp Ludwig
Christian August son of August
Theodor son of Christian August
Johann Christian son of Theodor
Karl Theodor son of Johann Christian; elector of the Palatinate 17421799; elector of
Bavaria 17771799
(union with the Palatinate 1742, and with Bavaria 1777)
Dukes of Neuburg
Philipp Ludwig son of duke Wolfgang of Zweibrcken and Sulzbach
+ Friedrich brother of Philipp Ludwig; associated in Vohenstrauss 15691597
Wolfgang Wilhelm son of Philipp Ludwig
Philipp Wilhelm son of Wolfgang Wilhelm; elector of the Palatinate 16851690
(union with the Palatinate 1685)
Dukes of Birkenfeld
Karl son of duke Wolfgang of Zweibrcken and Sulzbach
Georg Wilhelm son of Karl
+ Christian I son of Karl; associated in Bischweiler 16301654
Karl Otto son of Georg Wilhelm
Christian II son of Christian I; in Bischweiler since 1654
+ Johann Karl son of Christian I; in Gelnhausen 16711704
+ Friedrich Bernhard son of Johann Karl; in Gelnhausen 17041739
Christian III son of Christian II
(to Zweibrcken)
Johann son of Johann Karl; in Gelnhausen since 1739
Karl II son of Johann
Wilhelm son of Johann; duke in Bavaria 17991837; duke of Berg 18031806
(to Bavaria 1799)
PICCOLOMINI
A collateral descendant of pope Pius II (Enea Silvio Piccolomini) through both his parents, Ottavio PieriPiccolomini served as Spanish general and Imperial field marshal during the Thirty Years War. He was
rewarded for his efforts by promotion to the ranks of a Bohemian count of Nchod in 1634, imperial count in
1638, and imperial prince in 1654; he also succeeded a distant cousin to the foreign title of duke of Amalfi in
1639. His titles and benefices passed to his nephews and great-nephews, until the male line became extinct in
1757. At this point the title lapsed, although the allodial estates in Bohemia were not sold until 1786.
Counts and Princes Piccolomini
House Pieri-Piccolomini
16341656 Ottavio son of Silvio Pieri-Piccolomini; count 1638; prince 1654
16561673 Enea son of count Francesco, son of Enea Silvio, brother of Ottavio
16731714 Lorenzo brother of Enea
17141742
17421757
Giovanni Venceslao son of Lorenzo

Ottavio Enea Giuseppe son of Lorenzo
(title lapsed 1757)
POMERANIA (POMMERN, POMORZE)
The region of Pomerania along the southern coast of the Baltic Sea is today divided between Germany and Poland.
In the Middle Ages it was ruled by a Slavic dynasty of dukes who recognized Polish suzerainty in 1121, then the
overlordship of the Holy Roman Empire (Saxony 1164 and Brandenburg 1181), and, temporarily, Denmark. The
area was Christianized and gradually Germanized. The dynasty subdivided into several branches, ruling from
Demmin, Wolgast, and Barth in the west, Stettin (Szczecin) in the middle, and Rgenwalde (Darowo), Schlawe
(Sawno), and Stolp (Supsk) in the east. In spite of occasional brief reunifications of the duchy, the division
persisted almost till the end: in 1625 Bogislaw XIV found himself the only surviving duke. Childless and paralyzed
by a stroke, and his land overrun in the course of the Thirty Years War, the last duke abdicated in 1634. Sweden
seized most of Pomerania, but Brandenburg-Prussia laid claim to the duchy. The Treaties of Westphalia (1648),
Nrnberg (1650), and Stettin (1653) formalized the division of Pomerania: Sweden kept Hither Pomerania with
Stettin in the west, while Brandenburg-Prussia acquired Farther Pomerania in the east. The districts of Lauenburg
(Lbork) and Btow (Bytw) in Pomerelia, came to be held as Polish fiefs by the Hohenzollerns of BrandenburgPrussia in 1657. Stettin passed to Prussia in 1720, the rest of Hither Pomerania in 1815. Pomerania remained part
of Prussia, then Germany, until 1945, when Farther Pomerania and Stettin passed to Poland. The German
population there was replaced with Polish settlers from the east. For neighboring Pomerelia and Silesia see Poland.
Princes and Dukes of Pomerania
Greifen House of Pomerania
c.11061121 Swantopolk I prince on the Oder
1121c.1135 Wartislaw I son of (?) Swantopolk I; Polish vassal 1121
c.11351155: Ratibor I son of (?) Swantopolk I
(division into Stettin, Schlawe-Stolp, and Demmin 1155/1156)
:11561187
11871220
& 11871211
12201278
12781295
& 12781295
& 12781344
13441368
13681372
& 13681413
& 13681404
14131428
& 14131435
14351451
14511464
14641474
14741523
& 1474
Dukes of Pomerania in Stettin (Szczecin)

Bogislaw I son of duke Wartislaw I of Pomerania; Saxon vassal 1164; Brandenburg vassal 1181
+ Ratibor II son of Bogislaw I; associated c.11751183
Bogislaw II son of Bogislaw I; Danish vassal 1202
Kasimir II son of Bogislaw I; to Demmin 12111219
Barnim I, the Good son of Bogislaw II; Danish vassal until 1227
Bogislaw IV son of Barnim I; to Wolgast 12951309
Barnim II son of Barnim I
Otto I son of Barnim I; retained Stettin 1295
Barnim III, the Great son of Otto I; associated 1320
Kasimir III son of Barnim III
Swantibor I son of Barnim III
Bogislaw VII son of Barnim III
Otto II son of Swantibor I; associated 1397
Kasimir V son of Swantibor I
Joachim, the Younger son of Kasimir V
Otto III son of Joachim
Erich II son of duke Wartislaw IX of Wolgast; Wolgast 14571459; Schlawe-Stolp 14591464
Bogislaw X, the Great son of Erich II; all Pomerania 14781523
Kasimir VI son of Erich II
& 14741475
15231531
& 15231569
15311541
15691600
16001603
16031606
16061618
16181620
16201634
:11561180
11811184
11841211
12111219
12191264
:11561175:
?1200:
1200:1227
12271372
13721374
13741377
& 13741394
& 13741418
& 13741403
13941459
14181446
14591464
12951309
13091326
13261372
& 13261365
& 13261372
13651372
57
Wartislaw XI son of Erich II

Georg I son of Bogislaw X
Barnim IX, the Pious son of Bogislaw X; abdicated, died 1573
Philipp I son of Georg I; to Wolgast 15411560
Johann Friedrich, the Strongest son of Philipp I; Wolgast 15601569
Barnim X, the Succinct son of Philipp I; Wolgast 15601569, Rgenwalde 15691600
Bogislaw XIII, the Pious son of Philipp I; Wolgast 15601569, Barth 15691603
Philipp II son of Bogislaw XIII
Franz son of Bogislaw XIII; associated in Btow 16061618
+ Georg II son of Bogislaw XIII; associated in Bukow 16061617
+ Ulrich son of Bogislaw XIII; associated in Btow 16181622
Bogislaw XIV son of Bogislaw XIII; associated in Rgenwalde 1696; all Pomerania
(to Sweden 1634; to Prussia 1720)
Dukes of Pomerania in Demmin (Dymin)
Kasimir I son of duke Wartislaw I of Pomerania
Wartislaw II son of duke Bogislaw I of Stettin, brother of Kasimir I
(to Stettin)
Kasimir II brother of Wartislaw II; Stettin 11871211
Wartislaw III son of Kasimir II
(to Stettin 1264; to Sweden 1634; to Prussia 1720)
Dukes of Pomerania in Schlawe (Sawno) and Stolp (Supsk)
Swantopolk II son of duke Ratibor I of Pomerania
Bogislaw III brother of Swantopolk II
Ratibor III son of Bogislaw III 57; Danish vassal 1202; deposed, died 1238
(to Pomerelia 1227, to Brandenburg 1294, to Wolgast 1315)
Bogislaw V son of Wartislaw IV of Wolgast; Wolgast 13261372
Kasimir IV (Kako) son of Bogislaw V
Wartislaw VII son of Bogislaw V
Bogislaw VIII son of Bogislaw V; in Rgenwalde 1374 and Stargard 1377
Barnim V son of Bogislaw V; in Schlawe 1374
Erich I son of Wartislaw VII; Norway 13891442, Sweden 13961439, Denmark 13961440
Bogislaw IX son of Bogislaw VIII
Erich II son of duke Wartislaw IX of Wolgast; husband of Zofia, daughter of Bogislaw IX;
Wolgast 14571459; to Stettin 14641474
(to Pomerania-Stettin 1464; to Prussia 1634)
Dukes of Pomerania in Wolgast (Woogoszcz)
Bogislaw IV son of duke Barnim I of Stettin; Pomerania 12781295
Wartislaw IV son of Bogislaw IV
Bogislaw V son of Wartislaw IV; to Stolp 13721374
Barnim IV son of Wartislaw IV
Wartislaw V, Paternoster son of Wartislaw IV; to Neustettin 13721390
Wartislaw VI son of Barnim IV; to Barth-Rgen 13721394
In exile during Danish occupation 12051225.
& 13651393
13931394
13941405
14051457
& 14051450
14571459
14591478
14781532
15321560
15601569
& 15601569
& 15601592
& 15601569
& 15601574
15921625
13251326
13261372
& 13261365
& 13261372
13651394
& 13651372
13941415
14151432
& 14151451
14511457
14571459
14591569
15691603
Bogislaw VI son of Barnim IV; retained Gtzkow and Wolgast 1372

Wartislaw VI restored
Barnim VI son of Wartislaw VI
Wartislaw IX son of Barnim VI; all Pommerania 14511457
Barnim VII son of Barnim VI; Demmin 1425
Erich II son of Wartislaw IX; to Schlawe-Stolp 14591464, to Stettin 14641474
Wartislaw X son of Wartislaw IX; Barth and Rgen 14571459
(to Stettin)
Philipp I son of duke Georg I of Stettin; Stettin 15311532
Johann Friedrich, the Strongest son of Philipp I; to Stettin 15691600
Bogislaw XIII, the Pious son of Philipp I; to Barth 15691603; Stettin 16031606
Ernst Ludwig, the Fairest son of Philipp I; retained Wolgast 1569
Barnim X, the Succinct son of Philipp I; to Rgenwalde 15691600; Stettin 16001603
Kasimir VIII, the Sociable son of Philipp I; bishop of Kammin; to Rgenwalde 16031605
Philipp Julius, the Hearty son of Ernst Ludwig
(to Stettin 1625; to Sweden 1634, to Denmark 1814, to Prussia 1815)
Duke of Pomerania in Barth (Bardo) and Rgen
Wartislaw IV son of duke Bogislaw IV of Wolgast by Margarete, daughter of duke
Wizlaw II of Rgen; Wolgast 13091326
Bogislaw V son of Wartislaw IV; to Schlawe-Stolp 13721374
Barnim IV son of Wartislaw IV; also Wolgast
Wartislaw V, Paternoster son of Wartislaw IV; to Neustettin 13721390
Wartislaw VI son of Barnim IV; Wolgast 13651372, 13931394
Bogislaw VI son of Barnim IV; to Wolgast 13721393
Wartislaw VIII son of Wartislaw VI; regent of Wolgast 14051415
Swantibor II son of Wartislaw VIII; in Rgen
Barnim VIII son of Wartislaw VIII; in Stralsund and Barth
(to Wolgast)
Wartislaw X son of duke Wartislaw IX of Wolgast; to Wolgast 14591478
(to Wolgast 1459; to Stettin 1478; to Wolgast 1532)
Bogislaw XIII, the Pious son of duke Philipp I of Wolgast; Wolgast 15601569, Stettin
16031606
(to Stettin 1603, to Sweden 1634, to Denmark 1814, to Prussia 1815)
PRUSSIA
The pagan native Prussians were conquered and converted to Christianity by the Teutonic Order, which
established their monastic state (Ordensstaat) in the area beginning with the Prussian Crusade in 1230. The
Orders expansion was curtailed by Poland-Lithuania at the Battle of Grunwald/Tannenberg in 1410 and the
Second Peace of Thorn/Toru in 1466. On the latter occasion the Order surrendered West Prussia to the
kingdom of Poland and acknowledged itself a Polish vassal. In 1525 the grand master of the Teutonic Order
Albrecht of Hohenzollern converted to Lutheranism and retained control of East Prussia as the first duke of
Prussia. He was recognized as such by his uncle and overlord, king Zygmunt I of Poland. On the death of the
second duke, the mentally impaired Albrecht Friedrich, the duchy of Prussia passed to his daughter Annas
husband, elector Johann Sigismund of Brandenburg. Ducal Prussia remained united with the electorate of
Brandenburg, and in 1657 it obtained the renunciation of Polish suzerainty. In 1701 the ruler of BrandenburgPrussia took the title king in Prussia. After the First Partition of Poland allotted West Prussia to him, king
Friedrich II changed his title to king of Prussia. All Prussia remained in the hands of the Hohenzollern
monarchy until 1919; the aftermath of World War I returned most of West Prussia to Poland. What was left
of East Prussia was divided between Poland and Russia in 1945. After 1619, see Brandenburg-Prussia.
Dukes of Prussia
Hohenzollern House of Brandenburg
15251568 Albrecht son of margrave Friedrich I of Brandenburg-Ansbach by Zofia, daughter of
king Kazimierz IV of Poland; grand master of the Teutonic Knights 15101525
15681618 Albrecht Friedrich son of Albrecht
16181619 Johann Sigismund husband of Anna, daughter of Albrecht Friedrich; son of elector
Joachim Friedrich of Brandenburg; Brandenburg 16081619
(union with the electorate of Brandenburg 1618; divided between Poland and Russia 1945)
RAVENSBERG
The counts of Ravensberg in Westphalia descended from those of Calvelage. Unlike most of the local nobles,
they supported the Hohenstaufens against the Welfs in the 1190s. On the extinction of the male line in 1346,
the county was inherited by Gerhard of Jlich, the future count of Berg. Thus Ravensberg was united with
Berg in 1348, and soon afterwards with the associated territories of Cleves, Jlich, and Mark.
Counts of Ravensberg
House of Calvelage
c.1120c.1144 Hermann I son of count Hermann I of Calvelage
c.1144c.1170 Otto I son of Hermann I
c.11701221 Hermann II son of Otto I
12211226 Otto II son of Hermann II; to Vlotho 12261244
& 12211249 Ludwig son of Hermann II
12491305: Otto III son of Ludwig
:13061328 Otto IV son of Otto III
& :13061346 Bernhard son of Otto III
13461360 Gerhard of Jlich husband of Margarete, daughter of Otto IV; son of duke Wilhelm I
of Jlich; Berg 13481360
(union with Berg 1360; divided between Brandenburg and the Palatinate-Neuburg 1609;
to Brandenburg 1614; divided between Brandenburg and the Palatinate 1630; to
Brandenburg 1666; to Westphalia 1807; divided between France and Berg 1810; to
Prussia 1815)
REUSS
Reuss consisted of a relatively small territory located between electoral Saxony and Thuringia, on the territory
of the former march of Zeitz. The house, all of whose male members were named Heinrich, in honor of the
emperor Heinrich VI who endowed the family with its possessions, divided into numerous branches and into
two main lines called simply Senior and Junior lines of Reuss. In 1673 the House of Reuss acquired the status
of imperial counts. The lands of the Senior Line were consolidated by Reuss-Obergreiz, which received the
title princes of Reuss Senior Line in 1778. The consolidation of the lands of the Junior Line by Reuss-Schleiz
did not take place until 1848, and this house acquired the title princes of Reuss Junior Line in 1806, while
that of Reuss-Lobenstein had acquired the same status in 1790. In 1871 the princes of the Senior Line (Greiz)
and Junior Line (Schleiz) joined the German Empire. The complex numbering of the rulers includes the many
non-reigning members of the house. In the Senior Line the numbering covers all male children starting with I
(1) and ending with C (100), then restarting at I. In the Junior Line the numbering also covers all male
children, but restarts at I (1) at the end of every century. Since the ordinal numbering was formally used by the
rulers, there is no sensible alternative to resulting genealogical and chronological nightmare.
House of Reuss in Greiz
14621476 Heinrich IX son of Heinrich VII of Reuss-Greiz; Untergreiz 1449; Obergreiz 1462
14761502 Heinrich XI son of Heinrich IX; in Untergreiz 1485
& 14761529 Heinrich XII son of Heinrich IX; in Kranichfeld 1485; abdicated, died 1539
& 14761535 Heinrich XIII, the Silent son of Heinrich IX; in Obergreiz 1485; also Untergreiz 1502
15351564 Heinrich XIV son of Heinrich XIII; to Untergreiz 15641572
& 15351564 Heinrich XV son of Heinrich XIII; to Obergreiz 15641578
& 15351564 Heinrich XVI son of Heinrich XIII; Reuss Junior Line 15641572
(division into Untergreiz, Obergreiz, and Reuss Junior Line 1564)
Reuss Senior Line in Untergreiz
15641572 Heinrich I son of Heinrich XIII of Greiz; Greiz 15351564
15721583 Heinrich II, the Tall son of Heinrich I; to Burgk 15831608
& 15721582 Heinrich III son of Heinrich I
& 15721604 Heinrich V son of Heinrich I
16041625 Heinrich IV son of Heinrich V; in Obergreiz 16161629
& 16041667 Heinrich V son of Heinrich V; in Obergreiz 16161625; in Burgk 1643
16671697 Heinrich II son of Heinrich V; in Burgk 1668; imperial count 1673
& 16671675 Heinrich IV brother of Heinrich II; in Untergreiz 1668; imperial count 1673
& 16671698 Heinrich V brother of Heinrich II; in Rothenthal 1668; imperial count 1673
16751733 Heinrich XIII son of Heinrich IV
17331768 Heinrich III son of Heinrich XIII
(to Reuss-Obergreiz 1768)
Reuss Senior Line in Burgk
15831608 Heinrich II, the Tall son of Heinrich I of Untergreiz; Untergreiz 15721583
16081639 Heinrich II son of Heinrich II the Tall
& 16081616 Heinrich III son of Heinrich II the Tall
& 16081616 Heinrich IV son of Heinrich II the Tall; to Dlau 16161636
16391640 Heinrich III son of Heinrich II
(to Reuss-Untergreiz 1640)
Reuss Senior Line in Obergreiz (Greiz 1768)
15641578 Heinrich XV son of Heinrich XIII of Greiz; Greiz 15351564
15781607 Heinrich XVII son of Heinrich XV; in Obergreiz 1597
& 15781616 Heinrich XVIII son of Heinrich XV; in Schleiz 1597
16161629 Heinrich IV son of Heinrich V of Untergreiz; Untergreiz 16041616
& 16161625 Heinrich V brother of Heinrich IV; Untergreiz 16041667
16291681 Heinrich I son of Heinrich IV; imperial count 1673
16811697 Heinrich VI son of Heinrich I
& 16811690 Heinrich XV son of Heinrich I
& 16811694 Heinrich XVI son of Heinrich I; to Dlau 16941698
16971714 Heinrich I son of Heinrich VI
& 16971722 Heinrich II son of Heinrich VI
17221723
& 17221800
18001817
18171836
18361859
18591902
19021918
Heinrich IX son of Heinrich II

Heinrich XI son of Heinrich II; prince of Reuss Senior Line 1778
Heinrich XIII son of Heinrich XI
Heinrich XIX son of Heinrich XIII
Heinrich XX son of Heinrich XIII
Heinrich XXII son of Heinrich XX
Heinrich XXIV son of Heinrich XXII; deposed, died 1927
(to Germany 1918)
Reuss Junior Line in Gera

15641572 Heinrich XVI son of Heinrich XIII of Greiz; Greiz 15351564
15721635 Heinrich II, Postumus posthumous son of Heinrich XVI; Schleiz 1616
16351670 Heinrich II son of Heinrich II Postumus; in Gera 1647
& 16351640 Heinrich III son of Heinrich II Postumus
& 16351647 Heinrich IX son of Heinrich II Postumus; to Schleiz 16471666
& 16351647 Heinrich X son of Heinrich II Postumus; to Lobenstein 16471671
16401666 Heinrich I son of Heinrich III; in Saalburg 1647; to Schleiz 16661692
16701686 Heinrich IV son of Heinrich II; imperial count 1673
16861735 Heinrich XVIII son of Heinrich IV
17351748 Heinrich XXV son of Heinrich IV
17481802 Heinrich XXX son of Heinrich XXV
(to Reuss-Schleiz 1802)
Reuss Junior Line in Schleiz
16471666 Heinrich IX son of Heinrich II Postumus of Gera; Gera 16351647
16661692 Heinrich I son of Heinrich III of Gera, brother of Heinrich IX; imperial count 1673
16921726 Heinrich XI son of Heinrich I
17261744 Heinrich I son of Heinrich XI
17441784 Heinrich XII son of Heinrich XI
17841818 Heinrich XLII son of Heinrich XII; prince of Reuss Junior Line in Schleiz and Gera 1806
18181854 Heinrich LXII son of Heinrich XLII
18541867 Heinrich LXVII son of Heinrich XLII
18671913 Heinrich XIV son of Heinrich LXVII
19131918 Heinrich XXVII son of Heinrich XIV; deposed, died 1928
(to Germany 1918)
Reuss Junior Line in Lobenstein
16471671 Heinrich X son of Heinrich II Postumus of Gera; Gera 16351647
16711710 Heinrich III son of Heinrich X; imperial count 1673
& 16711678 Heinrich VIII son of Heinrich X; to Hirschberg 16781711
& 16711678 Heinrich X son of Heinrich X; to Ebersdorf 16781711
17101739 Heinrich XV son of Heinrich III
17391782 Heinrich II son of Heinrich XV
17821805 Heinrich XXXV son of Heinrich II; prince of Reuss Junior Line in Lobenstein 1790
18051824 Heinrich LIV son of Heinrich XXV, son of Heinrich XXVI, son of Heinrich III
(to Reuss-Ebersdorf 1824)
Reuss Junior Line in Ebersdorf

16781711 Heinrich X son of Heinrich X of Lobenstein; imperial count 16731678
17111747 Heinrich XXIX son of Heinrich X
17471779 Heinrich XXIV son of Heinrich XXIX
17791822 Heinrich LI son of Heinrich XXIV; prince of Reuss Junior Line in Ebersdorf 1806
18221848 Heinrich LXXII son of Heinrich LI; abdicated, died 1853
(to Reuss-Schleiz 1848)
RIENECK
The small county of Rieneck in Franconia was obtained by count Arnold I of Looz by marriage to the heiress
of count Gerhard of Mainz. Rieneck remained united with Looz (although sometimes given to younger
members of the comital family) until the early 13th century, when Arnold II (Arnold III of Looz) left Looz to
his younger brother and established a separate line of counts of Rieneck. The county had to recognize the
suzerainty of the archbishop of Mainz, and when the comital line became extinct in 1559, it was divided among
Mainz, Wrzburg, and the Palatinate. In 1673 count Johann Hartwig of Nostitz purchased a portion of that
part of Rieneck that belonged to Mainz, and was created imperial count of Rieneck. In 1803 the county was
sold to the prince of Colloredo-Mannsfeld, and in 1806 it was mediatized in favor of Regensburg. In 1815 it
was awarded to Bavaria. The numbering of the Looz counts is inconsistent in the literature.
Counts of Rieneck
House of Looz
c.11081125:
:11351138:
:1141:1144
:11441171
11711194:
:11971216
12161243
12431289:
& 12431295:
& 12431251:
& 12431252:
:1291:
:12931333
:12961330
& :1296:1342
13301367:
:13421364:
:13651408
:13711387
& :13711389
14081431
14311488
& 14631497
14971518
15181559
Arnold I son of count Emmo of Looz; husband of Agnes, daughter of count Gerhard
of Mainz and Rieneck
Gerhard I son of Arnold II
Ludwig I son of Arnold II
Gerhard II son of Ludwig I
Gerhard III son of Gerhard II
Ludwig II son of count Gerhard III
Ludwig III son of Ludwig II
Gerhard IV son of Ludwig II
Siboto son of Ludwig II
Heinrich I son of Ludwig II
Thomas I son of Ludwig III
Ludwig IV, the Younger son of Ludwig III
Ludwig V, the Elder son of Gerhard IV
Heinrich II son of Gerhard IV
Gerhard V son of Ludwig V
Johann son of Heinrich
Ludwig VI son of Johann; vassal of Mainz 1366
Gerhard VI son of Gerhard V
Gottfried son of Gerhard V
Thomas II son of Ludwig VI
Philipp I, the Elder son of Thomas II
Philipp II, the Younger son of Thomas II; associated 1454
Reinhard son of Philipp II
Philipp III son of Reinhard
15591673
House of Nostitz
16731683
16831736
17361765
17651794
17951803
(to Mainz, Wrzburg, and the Palatinate)

Johann Hartwig son of Johann von Nostitz
Anton Johann son of Johann Hartwig
Franz Wenzel son of Wenzel Desiderius, son of Johann Hartwig
Franz Anton son of Franz Wenzel
+ Fiedrich Moritz son of Franz Wenzel; in Turmitz 17651796
Friedrich Chrysogonus Johann son of Franz Anton; sold county; died 1819
(to Colloredo-Mannsfeld 1803; to Regensburg 1806; to Bavaria 1815)
RIETBERG (see Kaunitz)
RGEN
The island of Rgen was settled by the Slavic Rani, whose chieftain Tezlaw was forced to accept Danish
overlordship and to convert to Christianity in 1168, after several Danish and Saxon interventions on the island.
The princes of Rgen distinguished themselves in Danish service, but by the second half of the 13th century
recognized the overlordship of the Holy Roman Empire, at least for the mainland portion of their possessions.
In accordance with an inheritance agreement, on the death of Wizlaw III without male heirs, Rgen passed to
his sister Margaretes son Wartislaw IV of Pomerania-Wolgast.
Princes and Dukes of Rgen
House of Rgen
:11641170:
1170:1218
12181221
12211249
12491260
12601302
& 12601282:
13021325
& 13021304
Tezlaw son of Ratislaw; prince of Rgen as Danish vassal

Jaromar I brother of Tezlaw; perhaps associated :1168
Barnuta son of Jaromar I; abdicated; to Gristow 12211236
Wizlaw I son of Jaromar I
Jaromar II son of Wizlaw I; associated 1246
Wizlaw II son of Jaromar II; duke of Rgen and Pomerania
Jaromar III son of Jaromar II
Wizlaw III son of Wizlaw II
Sambor son of Wizlaw II
(to Pomerania 1325; to Sweden 1634; to Prussia 1815)
RUPPIN
Originally a Slavic stronghold, Ruppin came to be ruled by Gebhard of Arnstein, count of Lindow, c.1220.
The rise of the lordship was connected with the German annexation and colonization of the area east of the
Elbe. The familys original county of Lindow was sold to Anhalt in 1461. On the extinction of the male line
in 1524, Ruppin passed to its overlord, Brandenburg. The latter recovered Lindow from Anhalt in 1577.
Lords of Ruppin
Arnstein House of Lindow
c.12201256 Gebhard son of count Walther II of Arnstein
12561278 Walther son of Gebhard
& 12561284 Gnther I son of Gebhard
12841290 Albrecht I son of Gnther I
& 12841311 Burkhard son of Gnther I
& 12841316
13111318
& 13111347
1316c.1338
& 13161356
13561359:
& 1356:1391
& 1356c.1379
:13911420:
& :1391:1416
:14161460
14601500
& 14601499
15001507
15071524
Ulrich I son of Gnther I

Johann I son of Burkhard
Adolf son of Burkhard
Gnther II son of Ulrich I
Albrecht II son of Ulrich II
Gnther III son of Ulrich II
Ulrich IV son of Albrecht II
Gnther IV son of Albrecht II
Albrecht III son of Gnther IV
Johann II son of Albrecht III
Jakob son of Albrecht III
Joachim son of Johann II
Wichmann son of Joachim
(to Brandenburg 1524)
SAARBRCKEN
The counts of Saarbrcken (Bridge over the Saar) descended from the counts of Luxembourg, and were
vassals of the bishops of Metz. Several 11th13th-century bishops of Worms, Mainz, and Speyer came from this
lineage. Moreover, the counts of Zweibrcken, Werd, and Leiningen were all descended from the House of
Saarbrcken. In 1276 the county of Saarbrcken passed by inheritance to the French noble lineage of
Commercy, and in 1381 by inheritance again to the counts of Nassau-Weilburg. From 1442 to 1793
Saarbrcken was ruled by its own branch of the counts of Nassau, before being conquered by France in 1793
and allotted to Prussia in 1815.
Counts of Saarbrcken
Luxembourg House of Saarbrcken
:1080c.1105 Siegbert son of (?) count Friedrich I of Luxembourg; count in Saargau
c.1105c.1134 Friedrich I son of Siegbert
c.1135c.1183 Simon I son of Friedrich I
c.1183c.1207 Simon II son of Simon I
& c.1183c.1193 Heinrich son of Simon I; to Zweibrcken c.11931228
c.12071226: Simon III son of Simon II; abdicated, died 1233:
:12271270: Laurette daughter of Simon III
& :12351250 Gottfried of Aspremont husband of Laurette; son of Gobert VI of Aspremont
& 12521260 Dietrich, Luf, of Cleves married Laurette; son of count Dietrich IV of Cleves; died 1277
:12711276 Mathilde daughter of Simon III
& :12711276 Amadeus of Montfaucon husband of Mathilde; son of count Richard of Montbliard;
died 1280
House of Broyes-Commercy
12761307: Simon IV son of Mathilde by Simon III of Commercy
:13091342 Johann I son of Simon IV
13421381 Johann II son of Simon, son of Johann I
1381 Johanna daughter of Johann II; widow of count Johann I of Nassau-Weilburg
SAARWERDEN
The first known count of Saarwerden (now Sarrewerden in France) built the like-named castle atop the ruins
of Roman baths. The county reached the apex of its fortunes when count Friedrich III served as archbishop of
Cologne in 13701414. The male line extinct, the county passed to the counts of Mrs in 1414. A branch of
this lineage retained Saarwerden until 1527, when it was inherited by the counts of Nassau-Saarbrcken.
However, the bishop of Metz, as overlord of Saarwerden, granted it to the dukes of Upper Lorraine, which led
to a conflict over the succession that lasted until 1629. In the resulting compromise, Saarwerden was divided
between Lorraine (which kept Saarwerden itself) and Nassau-Weilburg (which built a new city, Neu
Saarwerden, in the territories it retained). Occupied by France from 1790 and annexed in 1801, it was
recovered by Germany in 1871, before returning to France in 1918.
Counts of Saarwerden
House of Blieskastel
:11111131:
:11361149:
:11651200:
& :1165c.1176
:12121246:
& :12121242
1246:1271:
:12891310
13101363:
:13651370:
:13781397
13971414
House of Mrs
14141417
Friedrich I son of (?) count Gottfried I of Blieskastel

Folmar son of Friedrich I
Ludwig I son of Folmar
Ludwig II son of Folmar
Ludwig III son of Ludwig I
Heinrich I son of Ludwig I; in Kirckel
Heinrich II son of Ludwig III
Johann I son of Heinrich II
Friedrich II son of Johann I
Johann II son of Friedrich II; associated 1358
Heinrich III son of Johann II
Friedrich III son of Johann II; archbishop of Cologne 13701414
Friedrich IV husband of Walburga, daughter of Johann II; son of count Dietrich V of

Mrs; associated 1399
14171431 Johann III son of Friedrich IV
14311483 Jakob I son of Johann III
14831495 Nikolaus son of Jakob I; associated 1457
& 14831527 Johann IV son of Jakob I
& 14831514 Jakob II son of Jakob I
15141527 Johann Jakob son of Jakob II
House of Nassau-Saarbrcken (in dispute with the dukes of Lorraine)
15271544 Johann Ludwig husband of Katharina, daughter of Johann IV; son of count Johann II
of Nassau-Saarbrcken; abdicated, died 1545
15441556 Johann V son of Johann Ludwig; abdicated
15561559 Adolf son of Johann Ludwig
15591574 Johann V restored
SALZBURG
The bishops (from 798 archbishops) of Salzburg ruled a sizable principality in eastern Bavaria, and became
imperial princes. In 1322 Salzburg asserted its independence from Bavaria with Austrian help. Secularized in
1803 and, united with the former bishoprics of Freising and Passau into a single electorate, Salzburg was given
to the former grand duke of Tuscany Ferdinand as compensation for the loss of his Italian lands. Two years
later this electorate was annexed to Austria, and Ferdinand was compensated with the grand duchy of
Wrzburg. After passing to Bavaria in 1810, Salzburg returned to Austria in exchange for Wrzburg in 1814.
Elector of Salzburg
18031805 Ferdinand son of emperor Leopold II; deposed; to Wrzburg 18051814; Tuscany
17911801 and 18141824
(to Austria 1805; to France 1809; to Bavaria 1810; to Austria 1814)
SALM
The counts of Salm in the Ardennes and Vosges mountains of Lorraine were descended from the House of
Luxembourg. The comital lineage divided into the lines of Upper and Lower Salm already in the 12th century,
and one branch of the Upper Salm (Obersalm in the Vosges) line holding on to of Salm passed by marriage
to the House of Stein in 1475, the other to Upper Lorraine in 1600. After further subdivision, the line of
Salm-Neuweiler divided in 1608 into two branches, which foreshadowed the later principalities of Salm-Salm
and Salm-Kyrburg. The count of Salm-Salm was the first member of the family to be raised to the status of
imperial prince, in 1623; the counts of Salm-Kyrburg followed suit in 1742. Salm-Salm was annexed to France
in 1793, Salm-Kyrburg in 1794. The princes of Salm-Salm and Salm-Kyrburg were compensated with a joint
principality of Salm carved out of the bishopric of Mnster northeast of the Rhine in 1802. In 1810 the new
principality of Salm was also annexed by France, and in 1815 the Congress of Vienna allotted it to Prussia.
The list below does not include all counts of Salm, ignoring several collateral lines. For the counts of Lower
Salm (Niedersalm in the Ardennes) and the princes of Salm-Reifferscheidt, see further below.
Counts of Salm and Upper Salm
House of Luxembourg
10191059 Giselbert son of count Friedrich I of Luxembourg
10591088 Hermann I son of Giselbert; German king 10811088
10881135: Hermann II son of Hermann I
& 10881150 Otto son of Hermann I
:11381147: Hermann III son of Hermann II
& :11381153: Heinrich I son of Hermann II
:1163c.1200 Heinrich II son of Heinrich I; in Upper Salm 58
c.12001246 Heinrich III son of Heinrich II
& c.12001239: Friedrich Heinrich son of Heinrich II; in Blankenburg
Friedrich son of Heinrich III; to Blankenburg :12461256: (line extinct 1506)
12461292: Heinrich IV son of Heinrich, son of Heinrich III
:12931330: Johann I son of Heinrich IV
:13321346 Simon I son of Johann I
& :13321343 Nikolaus son of Johann I; in Pttlingen and Viviers
13431368 Johann II son of Nikolaus; in Pttlingen and Viviers
13461386 Johann III son of Simon I
13861397 Simon II son of Johann III
& 13861431 Johann IV son of Johann III
1431c.1459 Simon III son of Johann IV; retained of Salm
c.14591475 Jakob son of Simon III
(to the wildgraves/rhinegraves of Salm 1475)
58
Lower Salm passed to count Friedrich II of Vianden, husband of Heinrich Is daughter Elisabeth.
14311485
14851505
& 14851529
15051548
15481600
Counts of Salm in Viviers (Badenweiler)

Johann V son of count Johann IV of Upper Salm; retained of Salm
Johann VI son of Johann V
Nikolaus I son of Johann V; to Neuburg 15291530
Johann VII son of Johann VI
Johann VIII son of Johann VII
(to Upper Lorraine 1600 59)
Wildgraves and Rhinegraves of Salm
House of Stein
14751495
14951499
Johann V married Johannette, daughter of Simon III; son of wildgrave/rhinegrave

Johann IV of Dhaun and Kyrburg; wildgrave/rhinegrave 1476
Johann VI son of Johann V
+ Jakob son of Johann V; associated in Dhronecken 14951507
(division into Salm-Dhaun and Salm-Kyrburg 1499)
14991521
15211561
& 15211566
Wildgraves and Rhinegraves of Salm in Dhaun

Philipp son of wildgrave/rhinegrave Johann VI of Salm
Philipp Franz son of Philipp
Johann Philipp I son of Philipp
(division into Salm-Salm, Salm-Dhaun, Salm-Neuweiler, and Salm-Grumbach 1561)
15611569
15691608
16081634
16341636
16361663
16631710
17101738
17381770
17701771
17711773
17731778
17781813
15611608
16081650
& 16081673
16731676
16761696
& 16761696
59
Wildgraves and Rhinegraves, then Princes of Salm in Salm

Johann Philipp II son of wildgrave/rhinegrave Philipp Franz of Salm-Dhaun
Friedrich brother of Johann Philipp II; in Salm-Neuweiler since 1561
Philipp Otto son of Friedrich; prince 1623
Ludwig son of Philipp Otto
Leopold Philipp son of Philipp Otto
Karl Theodor Otto son of Leopold Philipp; inherited Kyrburg 1688
Ludwig Otto son of Karl Theodor Otto
Nikolaus Leopold husband of Dorothea, daughter of Ludwig Otto; son of count
Wilhelm Florentin of Salm-Hoogstraten; prince 1739; duke of Hoogstraten 1741
Ludwig Otto Karl son of Nikolaus Leopold; abdicated
Maximilian Friedrich Ernst son of Nikolaus Leopold
Ludwig Otto Karl restored
Konstantin Alexander son of Maximilian Friedrich Ernst; mediatized, died 1828
Wildgraves and Rhinegraves of Salm in Neuweiler
Friedrich son of wildgrave/rhinegrave Philipp Franz of Salm-Dhaun
Johann Georg son of Friedrich
Friedrich Magnus son of Friedrich
Karl Florentin son of Friedrich Magnus
Friedrich Karl son of Karl Florentin
Wilhelm Florentin son of Karl Florentin; to Hoogstraten 16961707
Duke Franois II of Upper Lorraine had married Christina, daughter of Paul, brother of Johann VIII.
& 16761696
16961707
17071738
16961714
17141778
& 17141738
14991531
15311548
15481607
16071623
& 16071651
& 16071637
16231638
& 16231634
16341688
16381656
16511681
16881710
17101738
17381779
17791794
17941810
15291530
15291550
15501580
& 15501574
& 15501595
15951617
16171654
& 16171664
16541697
16971702
17021722
Heinrich Gabriel son of Karl Florentin; to Leuze 16961716

(division into Salm-Hoogstraten and Salm-Leuze 1696)
Wildgraves and Rhinegraves of Salm in Hoogstraten
Wilhelm Florentin son of wildgrave/rhinegrave Karl Florentin of Salm-Neuweiler
Nikolaus Leopold son of Wilhelm Florentin; to Salm-Salm 17381770
(union with Salm-Salm 1738; Neuweiler sold to France 1751)
Wildgraves and Rhinegraves, then Princes of Salm in Leuze
Heinrich Gabriel son of wildgrave/rhinegrave Karl Florentin of Salm-Neuweiler
Johann XI son of Heinrich Gabriel; prince 1742
Philipp Joseph son of Heinrich Gabriel; to Kyrburg 17381779
(union with Salm-Kyrburg 1778)
Wildgraves and Rhinegraves, then Princes of Salm in Kyrburg
Johann VII son of wildgrave/rhinegrave Johann VI of Salm
Johann VIII son of Johann VII
Otto I son of Johann VIII
Johann IX son of Otto I; in Mrchingen
Johann Kasimir son of Otto I; in Kyrburg
Otto II son of Otto I; in Dhronecken
Johann Philipp son of Johann IX; in Mrchingen
Otto Ludwig son of Johann IX; in Mrchingen
+ Johann X son of Johann IX; associated in Mrchingen 16231627:
+ Georg son of Johann IX; associated in Mrchingen 16231632:
Johann XI posthumous son of Otto Ludwig; in Mrchingen; Kyrburg 1681
Bernhard Ludwig son of Johann Philipp; in Mrchingen
Georg Friedrich son of Johann Kasimir; in Kyrburg
Karl Theodor Otto son of prince Leopold Philipp of Salm-Salm
Ludwig Otto son of Karl Theodor Otto
Philipp Joseph son of count Heinrich Gabriel of Salm-Leuze; prince 1742
Friedrich III son of Philipp Joseph
Friedrich IV son of Friedrich III; mediatized, died 1859
Counts palatine of Salm-Neuburg
Nikolaus I son of count Johann V of Salm-Viviers; Salm-Viviers 14851529
Nikolaus II son of Nikolaus I
Nikolaus III son of Nikolaus II
Egino son of Nikolaus II
Julius I son of Nikolaus II
Weichard son of Julius I
Julius II son of Weichard
Karl son of Weichard; sold Neuburg to Sinzendorf 1664
Ferdinand Julius son of Julius II
Franz Leopold son of Karl
Ernst Leopold son of Franz Leopold
17221766
17661784
Karl Otto son of Ernst Leopold

Karl Franz Vincenz son of Karl Otto
(to Lamberg-Stein-Guttenberg 1784)
SALM-REIFFERSCHEIDT
Lower Salm (Niedersalm) passed through marriage to the House of Vianden, and by the end of the 12th
century a separate line of the family ruled there. This family became extinct in 1415, and the last count
bequeathed his lands to a distant cousin, Johann VI of Reifferscheidt. He kept Lower Salm after a division of
estates with his nephew in 1456, and took the title count of Lower Salm in 1470. His descendants augmented
the lines holdings with the inheritance of the baronies of Bedbur and Hakenbroich in 1600, and the count
adopted the title Altgraf, reflecting the historical seniority of Lower over Upper Salm. The Treaty of Lunville
gave Bedbur and Reifferscheidt to France, and the count was compensated with the lordship of Krautheim,
carved out of the bishopric of Mainz in 1803. In 1804 he was promoted to prince, but the principality was
mediatized in favor of Bade and Wrttemberg. The list includes only the princely branch of the family.
Counts of Lower Salm (Niedersalm)
Sponheim House of Vianden
:1163c.1175 Friedrich husband of Elisabeth, daughter of count Heinrich I of Salm; son of count
Friedrich I of Vianden; abdicated, died c.1187
c.1175:1214 Wilhelm I son of Friedrich
:1214:1246 Heinrich II son of Wilhelm I
:1246c.1258 Heinrich III son of Heinrich II
c.1258c.1291 Wilhelm II son of Heinrich III
c.12911296 Wilhelm III son of Wilhelm II
12961301 Heinrich IV son of Wilhelm III
13011339: Heinrich V son of Wilhelm II
:13401359: Heinrich VI son of Heinrich V
:13601415 Heinrich VII son of Heinrich VI
(to Reifferscheidt 1415)
Counts of Lower Salm in Reifferscheidt, Princes of Krautheim
Limburg House of Reifferscheidt
14151475 Johann VI son of Johann V of Reifferscheidt; count of Lower Salm-Reifferscheidt 1470
14751479 Johann VII son of Johann VI
14791505 Peter son of Johann VI
15051537 Johann VIII son of Peter
15371559 Johann IX son of Johann VIII
15591629 Werner son of Johann IX; inherited Bedbur and Hakenbroich 1600; Altgraf 1628
16291639 Ernst Friedrich son of Werner
16391678 Erich Adolf son of Ernst Friedrich
Ernst Salentin son of Ernst Friedrich; to Dyck 16391684 (line continued)
16781734 Franz Wilhelm son of Erich Adolf
17341755 Karl Anton son of Franz Wilhelm
Leopold Anton son of Franz Wilhelm; to Hainspach 17341769 (line continued)
Anton Joseph Franz son of Franz Wilhelm; to Raitz 17341769 (line continued)
17551786 Franz Nikolaus son of Karl Anton
& 17551798 Siegmund son of Karl Anton
17981806
Franz Wilhelm son of Siegmund; prince 1804; mediatized, died 1831

(divided between Bade and Wrttemberg 1806)
SAXONY (SACHSEN)
The Saxons settled Saxony by the mid-2nd century. In the 5th century they joined the Angles and the Jutes in
colonizing southeastern Britain (England). Those who continued to inhabit Saxony were subjugated and
converted to Christianity by the Franks of Charlemagne between 772 and 804. When the Carolingian Empire
divided in 843, Saxony became one of the three main divisions of the East Frankish Kingdom (Germany). In
the mid-9th century the eastern portion of the duchy of Saxony came under the rule of Liudolf, whose son Otto
can be called the first real duke of Saxony. Ottos son Heinrich was elected German king in 919, and
Heinrichs son Otto became not only German king, but also emperor in 962. Secure in his status as monarch,
Otto transferred the duchy of Saxony to his vassal Hermann, whose family (the Billungs) retained control of
the duchy until it died out in the male line in 1106. The Billung dukes campaigned against the Slavs and
remained loyal to the Saxon and Salian emperors until the revolt of duke Magnus in the 1070s.
In 1106 emperor Heinrich V appointed Lothar of Supplinburg as duke as reward for earlier support, but
Lothar nevertheless ended up opposing the emperor. On Heinrich Vs death in 1125 Lothar was chosen by the
nobility as the next monarch of Germany. His son-in-law, the Welf duke of Bavaria Heinrich the Proud
succeeded in Saxony, but his attempt to acquire the monarchy pitted him against the Hohenstaufen heirs of
the Salians, who dispossessed Heinrich in 1138 and transferred the duchy to the Ascanian count Albrecht the
Bear, a grandson of the last Billung duke Magnus. Heinrich the Prouds son Heinrich the Lion recovered the
duchy in 1142 and held it for almost four decades, until his insubordination to emperor Friedrich I Barbarossa
led to his dispossession in 1180.
The emperors intervention in 1180 effectively dismembered the duchy: Heinrich the Lion kept his personal
possessions in Lower Saxony (the counties of Brunswick and Lneburg), Westphalia was granted to the
archbishops of Cologne, and Upper Saxony in the east, with the ducal title, was given back to the Ascanian
family. The Ascanians divided into two Saxon branches, the dukes of Saxe-Wittenberg and the dukes of
Saxe-Lauenburg, not counting the margraves of Brandenburg and the princes of Anhalt. The duke of SaxeWittenberg was pre-eminent, and acquired the status of elector in 1356, but the line died out in 1422.
Emperor Sigismund invested the Wettin margrave of Meissen with the electorate of Saxony in 1423. With a
sizeable agglomeration of possessions (Meissen, Lusatia, and Thuringia were not originally part of electoral
Saxony), the Wettins effectively divided their lands between the Ernestine and Albertine branches of the
family. When the Ernestine elector Johann Friedrich supported the Reformation, he was defeated and deposed
in 1547, and was replaced with his Catholic Albertine cousin, Moritz of Meissen. Johann Friedrichs sons were
allowed to keep the so-called Saxon Duchies located mostly on the territory of Thuringia. The Albertine
electors of Saxony kept the electorate together and retained suzerainty over apanage branches established at
Weissenfels, Merseburg, and Zeitz. Under the ambitious Friedrich August I and his heirs, the electors secured
the throne of Poland twice (1697 and 1733), and became kings of Saxony in 1806, as allies of the French
emperor Napolon I Bonaparte. After the defeat of France, the kingdom of Saxony was deprived of just over
half its lands (including Wittenberg and Grlitz) by Prussia. In 1866 Saxony sided with Austria against Prussia
but retained its territory and joined the German Empire in 1871. The monarchy ended in 1918.
Dukes of Saxony
Liudolfing House
844866
866880
880912
912936
936968
House of Billung
968973
Liudolf count, then duke in East Saxony

Bruno son of Liudolf
Otto I, the Illustrious son of Liudolf
Heinrich I, the Fowler son of Otto I; German king 919936
Otto II, the Great son of Heinrich I; abdicated; German king 936973
Hermann son of count Billung; margrave since 953, duke by 968
9731011
10111059
10591072
10721106
11061137
Welf House of Este
11371138
Bernhard I son of Hermann

Bernhard II son of Bernhard I
Ordulf son of Bernhard II
Magnus son of Ordulf
Lothar son of count Gebhard of Supplinburg; German king 11251137
Heinrich II, the Proud husband of Gertrud, daughter of Lothar; son of duke Heinrich IX
of Bavaria by Wulfhild, daughter of Magnus; deposed, died 1139
11381142 Albrecht, the Bear son of count Otto of Ballenstedt by Eilika, daughter of Magnus;
deposed; Nordmark/Brandenburg 11341170
Welf House of Este
11421180 Heinrich III, the Lion son of Heinrich II; deposed, died 1195
(duchy broken up 1180; title to the dukes of Saxe-Wittenberg)
Ascanian Dukes and Electors of Saxony or Saxe-Wittenberg (Sachsen-Wittenberg)
11801212 Bernhard son of duke Albrecht of Saxony
12121260 Albrecht I son of Bernhard
12601282 Johann I son of Albrecht I; abdicated, died 1285
& 12601298 Albrecht II son of Albrecht I
12981356 Rudolf I son of Albrecht II
13561370 Rudolf II son of Rudolf I; elector from 1356
13701388 Wenzel son of Rudolf I
13881419 Rudolf III son of Wenzel
14191422 Albrecht III son of Wenzel
(to the Wettin dukes of Saxony 1423)
Wettin Electors of Saxony (Sachsen)
House of Wettin
14231428
14281464
Ernestine Line
14641486
14861525
15251532
15321547
Albertine Line
15471553
15531586
15861591
15911611
16111656
16561680
16801691
16911694
Friedrich I, the Warlike son of margrave Friedrich III of Meissen

Friedrich II, the Mild son of Friedrich I
Ernst son of Friedrich II
Friedrich III, the Wise son of Ernst
Johann, the Steadfast son of Ernst
Johann Friedrich, the Magnanimous son of Johann; deposed, died 1554
Moritz son of margrave Heinrich IV of Meissen, son of margrave Albrecht III, son of
Friedrich II
Albrecht brother of Moritz
Christian I son of Albrecht
Johann Georg I son of Christian I
Johann Georg II son of Johann Georg I
Johann Georg III son of Johann Georg II
Johann Georg IV son of Johann Georg III
16941733
17331763
1763
17631806
Friedrich August I, the Strong son of Johann Georg III; Poland 16971706, 17091733
Friedrich August II, the Fat son of Friedrich August I; also Poland
Friedrich Christian son of Friedrich August II; 74 days
Friedrich August III, the Just son of Friedrich Christian; king of Saxony 18061827
18061827
18271836
18361854
18541873
18731902
19021904
19041918
Kings of Saxony (Sachsen)

Friedrich August I, the Just former elector 17631806; Poland 18071815 60
Anton, the Kind brother of Friedrich August I
Friedrich August II son of Maximilian, brother of Friedrich August I; associated 1830
Johann brother of Friedrich August II
Albert son of Johann
Georg son of Johann
Friedrich August III son of Georg; deposed, died 1932
(republic 1918)
16501680
16801697
16971712
17121736
17361746
Dukes of Saxony in Weissenfels

August son of elector Johann Georg I of Saxony
Johann Adolf I son of August
Johann Georg son of Johann Adolf I
Christian son of Johann Adolf I
Johann Adolf II son of Johann Adolf I
(to Saxony 1746)
16501691
16911694
16941731
17311738
Dukes of Saxony in Merseburg

Christian I son of elector Johann Georg I of Saxony
Moritz Wilhelm son of Christian II
Heinrich son of Christian I
(to Saxony 1738)
16501681
16811718
Dukes of Saxony in Zeitz

Moritz son of elector Johann Georg I of Saxony
Moritz Wilhelm son of Moritz
(to Saxony 1718)
Dukes of Saxe-Lauenburg (Sachsen-Lauenburg)

Ascanian House of Brandeburg
12031282 (to Denmark 1203; to Saxony 1227)
12821321 Johann II son of duke Johann I of Saxony 61; in Mlln; to Bergedorf-Mlln 13211322
& 12821321 Erich I brother of Johann II; in Lauenburg and Bergedorf; Ratzeburg 1308; to
Ratzeburg-Lauenburg 13211338, died 1361
& 12821308 Albrecht III brother of Erich I; in Ratzeburg
(division into Bergedorf-Mlln and Ratzeburg-Lauenburg 1321)
In Prussian captivity during Prussian occupation of Saxony 18131815.

Until 1296, the brothers Johann II, Albrecht III, and Erich I were under the regency of their uncle, duke
Albrecht II of Saxony.
60
61
13211322
13221343
13431356:
:13591367:
:13701401
Dukes of Saxe-Lauenburg in Bergedorf and Mlln

Johann II son of duke Johann I of Saxony; Saxe-Lauenburg 12821321
Albrecht IV son of Johann II
Johann III son of Albrecht IV
Albrecht V son of Albrecht IV
Erich III son of Albrecht IV
(to Ratzeburg-Lauenburg 1401)
Dukes of Saxe-Lauenburg in Ratzeburg and Lauenburg

13211338 Erich I son of duke Johann I of Saxony; Saxe-Lauenburg 12821321; abdicated, died 1361
13381368 Erich II son of Erich I
13681412 Erich IV son of Erich II; inherited Bergedorf-Mlln 1401
14121436 Erich V son of Erich IV
& 14121414 Johann III son of Erich IV
14361463 Bernhard II son of Erich IV
14631507 Johann IV son of Bernhard II
15071543 Magnus I son of Johann IV
15431581 Franz I son of Magnus I
15811603 Magnus II son of Franz I
16031619 Franz II son of Franz I
16191656 August son of Franz II
16561665 Julius Heinrich son of Franz II
16651666 Franz Erdmann son of Julius Heinrich
16661689 Julius Franz son of Julius Heinrich
Welf House of Brunswick-Lneburg-Celle
16891705 Georg Wilhelm son of duke Georg of Brunswick-Lneburg Calenberg, son of duke
Wilhelm II of Lneburg-Lneburg by Dorothea, daughter of king Christian III of
Denmark by Dorothea, daughter of Magnus I
Welf House of Hanover
17051727 Georg I son of elector Ernst August of Hanover, brother of Georg Wilhelm; husband
of Sophia Dorothea, daughter of Georg Wilhelm; Great Britain 17141727
17271760 Georg II son of Georg I; also Great Britain
17601803 Georg III son of Friedrich Ludwig, son of Georg II; deposed; Great Britain 17601820
18131815 Georg III restored; abdicated, died 1820
Oldenburg House of Denmark
18151839 Friedrich I son of king Christian VII of Denmark, son of king Frederik V by Louise,
daughter of Georg II; Denmark 18081839; Norway 18081814
18391848 Christian I son of Frederik, son of king Frederik V of Denmark; also Denmark
18481863 Friedrich II son of Christian I; also Denmark
18631864 Christian II son of duke Friedrich Wilhelm of Sonderburg-Glcksburg by Louise,
daughter of landgrave Karl of Hesse-Cassel by Louise, daughter of king Frederik V of
Denmark; deposed; Denmark 18631906
Hohenzollern House of Prussia
18641876 Wilhelm son of king Friedrich Wilhelm III of Prussia, son of king Friedrich Wilhelm II,
son of August Wilhelm, son of king Friedrich Wilhelm I by Sophia Dorothea, daughter
of Georg I; Prussia 18611888; German emperor 18711888
(union with Prussia 1876)
SAXON DUCHIES (see Thuringia)

SAYN-WITTGENSTEIN
The counts of Sayn ruling north of Koblenz and east of the Rhine were descended from the counts of
Sponheim and divided into several branches. In the 14th century Salentin of Sayn-Homburg acquired the
county of Wittgenstein by marriage, and founded the line of Sayn-Wittgenstein. Ludwig I of SaynWittgenstein reunited all the Sayn lands under his rule, but after his death they were divided among his three
sons in 1607. The senior lineages of two of these lines, Sayn-Wittgenstein-Berleburg and Sayn-WittgensteinWittgenstein, eventually attained the status of imperial princes in 1792 and 1804, respectively. The family was
mediatized in 1806, and its possessions passed to Prussia. The list below includes only those branches of the
Sayn-Wittgenstein family that attained princely rank.
Counts of Sayn-Homburg, then Sayn-Wittgenstein
Sponheim House of Sayn
1266c.1284 Gottfried I son of count Johann I of Sponheim-Starkenburg
Johann I son of Gottfried I; to Sayn-Sayn c.12841324 (line extinct 1606)
c.12841336 Engelbert son of Gottfried I
13361354 Gottfried II son of Engelbert
13611384 Salentin son of Gottfried II; inherited Wittgenstein; abdicated, died 1391
13841427 Johann IV son of Salentin
14271469 Georg I son of Johann IV
14691492 Johann V son of Johann IV
14691494 Eberhard son of Georg I
14941568 Wilhelm I son of Eberhard
& 14941551 Johann VI son of Eberhard
15681605 Ludwig I son of Wilhelm I
16051607 Georg II son of Ludwig I; to Berleburg 16071631
& 16051607 Wilhelm II son of Ludwig I; to Hachenburg 16071623 (line continued)
& 16051607 Ludwig II son of Ludwig I; to Wittgenstein 16071634
(division into Berleburg, Hachenburg, and Wittgenstein 1607)
16071631
16311643
16431684
16841694
16941741
17411773
17731800
18001806
16071634
Counts and Princes of Sayn-Wittgenstein in Berleburg

Georg II son of count Ludwig I of Sayn-Wittgenstein; Sayn-Wittgenstein 16051607
Ludwig Kasimir son of Georg II
Ernst son of Georg II; to Homburg 16311649 (line extinct 1743)
Georg Wilhelm son of Ludwig Kasimir
Ludwig Franz I son of Georg Wilhelm
Kasimir son of Ludwig Franz I
Karl Wilhelm son of Ludwig Franz I; to Karlsburg 16941749 (line continued)
Ludwig Franz II son of Ludwig Franz I; to Ludwigsburg 16941750 (line continued)
Ludwig Ferdinand son of Kasimir
Christian Heinrich son of Ludwig Ferdinand; prince 1792
Albrecht son of Christian Heinrich; mediatized, died 1851
(to Prussia 1806)
Counts of Sayn-Wittgenstein in Wittgenstein
Ludwig II son of count Ludwig I of Sayn-Wittgenstein; Sayn-Wittgenstein 16051607
16341657
16571683
& 16571698
16981723
17231735
17351756
17561796
17961806
& 17961806
Johann VII son of Ludwig II

Christian Ludwig son of Johann VII
Gustav Otto son of Johann VII; in Hohenstein; abdicated, died 1701
Friedrich Wilhelm son of Johann VII; to Vallendar 16571685 (line extinct 1776)
Heinrich Albrecht son of Gustav Otto
August David son of Gustav Otto
Friedrich I son of August David
Johann Ludwig son of Friedrich I
Friedrich II Karl son of Johann Ludwig; prince 1804; mediatized, died 1827
Wilhelm son of Johann Ludwig; prince 1804; mediatized, died 1851
(to Prussia 1806)
SCHAUMBURG-LIPPE
In 1646 count Philipp I of Lippe-Alverdissen inherited a portion of the county of Schaumburg in Angria
(Lower Saxony) from his sister Elisabeth. On Philipp Is death in 1681 his two sons divided Schaumburg and
Alverdissen, which remained separate until the latter line inherited the former in 1777. In 1807 the count was
given the title of prince and entered the Confederation of the Rhine. Avoiding mediatization, the county
entered the German Confederation in 1815 and the German Empire in 1871, surviving until 1918.
Counts and Princes of Schaumburg-Lippe
House of Lippe
16461681
16811728
17281748
17481777
17771787
17871860
18601893
18931911
19111918
Philipp I son of count Simon VI of Lippe; count of Schaumburg-Lippe

Friedrich Christian son of Philipp I
Albrecht Wolfgang son of Friedrich Christian
Wilhelm Friedrich son of Albrecht Wolfgang
Philipp II son of count Friedrich Ernst of Alverdissen, son of count Philipp Ernst, son
of Philipp I
Georg I son of Philipp II; prince 1807
Adolf I son of Georg I
Georg II son of Adolf I
Adolf II son of Georg II; deposed, died 1936
(to Germany 1918)
SCHLEIDEN
In 1445 the lordship of Schleiden in Lower Lorraine passed by marriage to the House of Manderscheid, and
remained under its control until the extinction of the eldest male line in 1593. After a prolongued inheritance
dispute, Schleiden passed to Philipp of Mark-Arenberg, baron of Lummen. The House of Mark held the
county of Schleiden despite French occupation and an Imperial confiscation until the male line became extinct
in 1773. At that point, the county was inherited by the duke of Arenberg. 62
Counts of Schleiden
House of Mark-Arenberg
16111613 Philipp son of Johann II, son of Johann I, son of Wilhelm, son of Johann of Sedan;
husband of Katharina, daughter of count Dietrich V of Manderscheid
16131654 Ernst son of Philipp
62
Countess Luisa Margareta, daughter of Ludwig Peter, having married duke Karl Maria Raimund of Arenberg.
16541674
16741680
16801682
16821701
17011750
17501773
Johann Friedrich son of Ernst

Franz Anton son of Ernst
Johann Berthold Franz son of Franz Anton; deposed, died 1697
(to France 1682; to the Empire 1697)
Ludwig Peter Engelbert son of Franz Anton
Ludwig Peter son of Ludwig Peter Engelbert
(to Arenberg 1773)
SCHNBORN
The House of Schnborn family originated in the area of the Palatinate and came to govern territories in
Franconia and in the Habsburg lands. Philipp Erwin, who had pruchased the lordship of Heusenstamm, was
promoted to baron in 1663, and his sons were made imperial counts in 1701. A generation later, Rudolf Franz
Erwin obtained the immediate lordship of Wiesentheid by marriage to its heiress. Although the territory of
the Schnborn state was very small, several members of the family gave it disproportionate importance, by
becaming archbishops of Mainz and Trier, and bishops of Bamberg, Wrzburg, Speyer, Konstanz, and Worms.
In 1806 the county was mediatized in favor of the Kingdom of Bavaria.
Counts of Schnborn
House of Schnborn
16631668
16681705
& 16681717
17171754
& 17171726
17271801
17541772
17721806
Philipp Erwin son of Georg IV of Schnborn; baron 1663

Johann Erwin son of Philipp Erwin; imperial count 1701
Melchior Friedrich son of Philipp Erwin; imperial count 1701
Rudolf Franz Erwin son of Melchior Friedrich; in Wiesentheid
Anselm Franz son of Melchior Friedrich; in Heusenstamm
Eugen Franz posthumous son of Anselm Franz; in Heusenstamm
Joseph Franz Bonaventura son of Rudolf Fran Erwin; in Wiesentheid
Damian Hugo Erwin son of Joseph Franz Bonaventura; in Wiesentheid; inheirted
Heusenstamm 1801; mediatized, died 1817
(to Bavaria 1806)
SCHNBURG-WALDENBURG
The Saxon lords of Schnburg divided their possessions among several family lines. Some of their possessions
were held directly from the emperor, while others were held from the elector of Saxony, leading to some
friction over the legal status of the house. The senior family line, Schnburg-Waldenburg, was promoted to
the dignity of count in 1700, and to that of prince in 1790. In 1806 the principality of Schnburg was
mediatized, passing under the control of the kingdom of Saxony. The list includes only the princely line.
Counts and Princes of Schnburg in Waldenburg
House of Schnburg
16811701
17011736
17361765
17651800
Otto Ludwig son of Otto Albrecht of Schnburg-Waldenburg-Hartenstein; count 1700

Georg Albrecht son of Otto Ludwig; to Hartenstein 17011716 (line extinct 1786)
Otto Wilhelm son of Otto Ludwig; to Lichtenstein 17011747 (line extinct 1750)
Ludwig Friedrich son of Otto Ludwig; in Schwarzenbach
Albrecht Karl son of Ludwig Friedrich
Otto Karl Friedrich son of Albrecht Karl; prince 1790
18001806
Otto Victor son of Otto Karl Friedrich; mediatized, died 1859

(to Saxony 1806)
SCHWARZBURG
The Thuringian House of Schwarzburg appeared in the first half of the 12th century and quickly subdivided
into several branches. A member of the house, Gnther XXI, was elected king in 1349 but abdicated and died
the same year. By the second half of the 16th century the only remaining line was that of SchwarzburgBlankenburg. In 1583 the surviving heirs of the line divided their inheritance into three branches. The lines of
Sondershausen and Rudolstadt survived until the 20th century, having obtained the rank of imperial princes in
1697 and joined the German Empire in 1871. In 1909 the line of Sondershausen became extinct and was
inherited by the line of Rudolstadt. The list does not include those branches of the family that did not attain
princely rank. The conventional numbering of the rulers includes numerous non-reigning members of the
family, among them clerics.
Counts of Schwarzburg
House of Schwarzburg
:1100c.1109 Gnther I son of count Sizzo II; count in Thuringia
c.11091160 Sizzo son of Gnther I; count of Schwarzburg by 1137
11601184 Heinrich I son of Sizzo; in Schwarzburg 1169
& 11601197 Gnther II son of Sizzo; in Kfernburg 1169, Schwarzburg 1184
11971246 Heinrich II son of Gnther II; in Blankenburg
Gnther III son of Gnther II; to Kfernburg 11971218: (line extinct 1385)
Liudolf II son of Gnther II; to Hallermund 11971255 (line extinct 1411)
12461259 Heinrich III son of Heinrich II; in Leutenberg
& 12461274 Gnther VII son of Heinrich II; in Blankenburg
12591283 Heinrich IV son of Heinrich III; in Leutenberg
& 12591307 Gnther VIII son of Heinrich III; in Blankenburg
12741289 Gnther IX son of Gnther VII; in Schwarzburg 1275
& 12741275 Heinrich V son of Gnther VII; to Blankenburg 12751285
& 12741275 Gnther X son of Gnther VII; to Kranichfeld 12751286
12891293 Heinrich VI son of Gnther IX; in Wachsenburg
& 12891308 Gnther XII son of Gnther IX; in Wachsenburg
13081357 Heinrich IX son of Gnther XII; in Schwarzburg 1340
& 13081340 Gnther XVIII son of Gnther XII; to Wachsenburg 13401354
& 13081326 Heinrich XI son of Gnther XII
& 13081320 Gnther XIX son of Gnther XII
13571382 Gnther XXII son of Heinrich IX; in Schwarzburg 1362
& 13571397 Gnther XXVII son of Heinrich IX; in Ilmenau 13621382
& 13571362 Heinrich XV son of Heinrich IX; to Leutenberg 13621402
(to Wachsenburg 1397)
13621402
14021438
& 1402c.1440
& 14021435
14381463
Counts of Schwarzburg in Leutenberg

Heinrich XV son of count Heinrich IX of Schwarzburg; Schwarzburg 13571362
Heinrich XXII son of Heinrich XV
Gnther XXXIV son of Heinrich XV
Sighard II son of Heinrich XV
Heinrich XXV son of Heinrich XXII
14631521
15211555
15551560
& 15551564
Balthasar II son of Heinrich XXV; abdicated, died 1525

Johann Heinrich son of Balthasar II
Sighard III son of Johann Heinrich
Philipp I son of Johann Heinrich
(to Schwarzburg-Blankenburg 1564)
13401354
13541407
& 13541362
& 13541367
14071450
Counts of Schwarzburg in Wachsenburg

Gnther XVIII son of Gnther XII of Schwarzburg; Schwarzburg 13081340
Johann II son of Gnther XVIII
Gnther XXVI son of Gnther XVIII; inherited Schwarzburg 1397
Sighard I son of Gnther XVIII
Gnther XXXII son of Gnther XXX, son of Johann II
(to Schwarzburg-Blankenburg 1450)
12751285
12851324
& 12851352
13241336
& 13241349
13361372
& 13361368
13491357
13681413
& 13681416
13721385
& 13721418
14161444
14441488
14881493
& 14881531
& 14881522
14911524
15241552
& 15241528
& 15241537
15311538
15521583
& 15521571
& 15521571
& 15521571
Counts of Schwarzburg in Blankenburg

Heinrich V son of Gnther VII; Schwarzburg 12741275
Heinrich VII son of Heinrich V
Gnther XV son of Heinrich V
Heinrich X son of Heinrich VII
Gnther XXI son of Heinrich VII; German king 1349
Heinrich XII son of Heinrich X; in Sondershausen
Gnther XXV son of Heinrich X; in Frankenhausen
Heinrich XIII son of Gnther XXI
Heinrich XX son of Gnther XXV; in Frankenhausen
Gnther XXIX son of Gnther XXV; in Frankenhausen; in retirement 13761413
Heinrich XVIII son of Heinrich XII; in Sondershausen and Rudolstadt
Gnther XXVIII son of Heinrich XII; in Ranis; Rudolstadt 1385
Heinrich XXIV, the Warlike son of Gnther XXIX
Heinrich XXVI son of Heinrich XXIV
Gnther XXXVI son of Heinrich XXVI; in Rudolstadt; abdicated, died 1503
Gnther XXXIX son of Heinrich XXVI; in Blankenburg
Heinrich XXX son of Heinrich XXVI; in Blankenburg
Heinrich XXXI son of Gnther XXXVIII, son of Heinrich XXVI; abdicated, died 1526
Gnther XL, Fatmouth son of Heinrich XXXI
Heinrich XXXIII son of Heinrich XXXI; in Keula
Heinrich XXXIV son of Heinrich XXXI
Heinrich XXXII son of Gnther XXXIX
Gnther XLI, the Wrangler son of Gnther XL
Johann Gnther I son of Gnther XL; to Sondershausen 15711586
Wilhelm son of Gnther XL; to Frankenhausen 15711597
Albrecht VII son of Gnther XL; to Rudolstadt 15711586
(division into Sondershausen, Frankenhausen, and Rudolstadt 1583)
15711586
15861643
& 15861638
Counts of Schwarzburg in Sondershausen

Johann Gnther I son of count Gnther XL of Blanenburg; Blankenburg 15521571
Gnther XLII son of Johann Gnther I
Anton Heinrich son of Johann Gnther I
& 15861631
& 15861642
16421666
& 16421666
& 16421681
16661669
16661721
& 16661716
17211740
17401758
17581794
17941835
18351880
18801909
15711605
16051630
& 16051646
& 16051634
16461710
17101718
17181744
17441767
17671790
17901793
17931807
18071867
18671869
18691890
18901918
Johann Gnther II son of Johann Gnther I

Christian Gnther I son of Johann Gnther I
Christian Gnther II, the Pious son of Christian Gnther I; in Arnstadt
Anton Gnther I son of Christian Gnther I; in Sondershausen
Ludwig Gnther II son of Christian Gnther I; in Ebeleben; Arnstadt 1669
Johann Gnther IV son of Christian Gnther II; in Arnstadt
Christian Wilhelm son of Anton Gnther I; in Sondershausen; Arnstadt and Ebeleben
1716; prince 1697
Anton Gnther II son of Anton Gnther I; in Sondershausen; Arnstadt and Ebeleben
1681; prince 1697
Gnther XLIII son of Christian Wilhelm
Heinrich XXXV son of Christian Wilhelm
Christian Gnther III son of August, son of Christian Wilhelm
Gnther Friedrich Karl I son of Christian Gnther III; deposed, died 1837
Gnther Friedrich Karl II son of Gnther Friedrich Karl I; abdicated, died 1889
Karl Gnther II son of Gnther Friedrich Karl II
(to Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt 1909)
Counts of Schwarzburg in Rudolstadt
Albrecht VII son of count Gnther XL of Blankenburg; Blankenburg 15521571
Karl Gnther I son of Albrecht VII; in Kranichfeld
Ludwig Gnther I son of Albrecht VII; in Leutenberg
Albrecht Gnther son of Albrecht VII; in Ilmenau
Albrecht Anton son of Ludwig Gnther I; prince 1697
Ludwig Friedrich I son of Albrecht Anton
Friedrich Anton son of Ludwig Friedrich I
Johann Friedrich son of Friedrich Anton
Ludwig Gnther IV son of Ludwig Friedrich I
Friedrich Karl son of Ludwig Gnther IV; associated 1767
Ludwig Friedrich II son of Friedrich Karl
Gnther I son of Ludwig Friedrich II
Albert son of Ludwig Friedrich II
Georg son of Albert
Gnther II son of Adolf, son of Karl, son of Friedrich Karl; deposed, died 1925
(to Germany 1918)
SCHWARZENBERG
A branch of the comital family of Seinsheim, the lords of Schwarzenberg attained the rank of imperial count in
1599. In 1642 Johann Adolf succeeded a distant cousin as count of Hohenlandsberg, and in 1670 he was
promoted to prince. The princely county of Schwarzenberg in Franconia and the princely landgraviate of
Klettgau in Swabia qualified the family to a place among the secular princes of the Holy Roman Empire. At
the dissolution of the Empire the family was mediatized, and Schwarzenberg passed to Bavaria, while Klettgau
passed to Bade.
Counts and Princes of Schwarzenberg
Seinsheim House of Schwarzenberg
15991600 Adolf son of Wilhelm II of Schwarzenberg; count
16001625
16251683
16831703
17031732
17321782
17821789
17891806
Adam son of Adolf; abdicated, died 1641

Johann Adolf son of Adam; count of Hohenlandsberg 1642; prince 1670
Ferdinand Wilhelm Eusebius son of Johann Adolf; landgrave of Klettgau 1696
Adam Franz son of Ferdinand Wilhelm Eusebius; duke of Krumau 1723
Joseph I Adam son of Adam Franz
Johann son of Joseph Adam
Joseph II Johann son of Johann; mediatized, died 1833
(Schwarzenberg to Bavaria, Klettgau to Bade 1806)
SCHWEINFURT
The margraves of Schweinfurt were descended from the Luitpolding dukes of Bavaria and managed to secure
for themselves a portion of eastern Franconia and northern Bavaria (the Bavarian Nordgau), even after the
duchy had passed into the hands of other noble lineages. Margrave Otto served as duke of Swabia, but on his
death in 1057 his lands were divided among his daughters. Schweinfurt itself passed to Ottos son-in-law, the
Ezzonid Heinrich, both of whose sons became clergymen, resulting in the extinction of the male line in 1112.
The last count, a bishop of Eichsttt, left his holdings to his bishopric.
Margraves of Schweinfurt
Luitpolding House of Bavaria
c.940980 Berthtold son of (?) duke Arnulf of Bavaria; margrave of Nordau 976?
9801017 Heinrich I (Hezilo) son of Berthold; margrave of Nordgau until 1004
10171057 Otto, the White son of Heinrich; duke of Swabia 10481057
10571078 Heinrich II husband of Beatrix, daughter of Otto; son of (?) duke Otto II of Swabia
10781104 Konrad son of Heinrich II
11041112 Eberhard son of Heinrich II; bishop of Eichsttt
(to the bishopric of Eichsttt 1112)
SINZENDORF-ERNSTBRUNN
The Austrian/Bavarian baron of Sinzendorf and Ernstbrunn purchased the burgraviate of Rheineck and was
promoted to imperial count in 1653. By the Treaty of Lunville in 1801, Prosper of Sinzendorf lost Rheineck
to France (it was recovered by Prussia in 1815), and was compensated with the title of prince and a new
burgraviate at Winterrieden, carved out of the lands of the Ochsenhausen abbey in 1803. In 1806 the
principality was mediatized and passed to Bavaria.
Counts and Princes of Sinzendorf-Ernstbrunn
House of Sinzendorf
16531677
16771706
17061713
17131747
17471756
17561773
17731806
Rudolf son of August of Sinzendorf-Ernstbrunn; burgrave of Rheineck and count 1653

Theodor son of Rudolf
Otto Heinrich son of Rudolf
Siegmund Rudolf son of Rudolf
Prosper Anton son of Johann Weikhard, son of Johann Joachim, brother of Rudolf
Wenzel Johann Eustach son of Prosper Anton
Prosper son of Wenzel Johann Eustach; prince 1803; mediatized, died 1822
(to Bavaria 1806)
SOLMS
The ancient comital house of Solms in the Wetterau north of Frankfurt ruled districts surrounded by the
holdings of Nassau and Hesse-Darmstadt by the 12th century. The counts of Solms divided into two main
branches in 1409: Braunfels and Hohensolms (Upper Solms). The count of Solms-Braunfels was promoted to
prince in 1742, that of Hohensolms in 1792. When both lines were mediatized in 1806, their possessions were
divided between Nassau and Hesse-Darmstadt. The list includes only those lines that attained princely rank.
Counts and Princes of Solms in Braunfels
House of Solms
:13121347:
:13491361
& :1349c.1410
c.14101459
& c.14101436
14591504
15041547
15471581
15811592
15921607
& 15921635
& 15921607
& 15921607
1635
16351676
16761724
17241761
17611783
17831806
14361457
14571477
14771483
& 14771544
15441562
& 15441548
15621600
16001613
16131635
16351665
16651668
1668
16681707
17071744
17441803
Bernhard I son of count Heinrich IV of Solms-Braunfels

Heinrich VI son of Bernhard I
Otto I son of Bernhard I
Bernhard II son of Otto I
Johann son of Otto I; to Hohesolms-Lich 14361457
Otto II son of Bernhard II
Bernhard III son of Otto II
Philipp son of Bernhard III
Konrad son of Philipp
Johann Albrecht I son of Konrad; to Braunfels 16071623 (line extinct 1693)
Wilhelm I son of Konrad; in Greiffenstein 1607
Otto III son of Konrad; to Hungen 16071610
Reinhard son of Konrad; to Hungen 16071630 (line extinct 1678)
Johann Konrad son of Wilhelm I
Wilhelm II son of Wihelm I
Wilhelm Moritz son of Wilhelm II; inherited Braunfels and Hungen 1693
Friedrich Wilhelm son of Wilhelm Moritz; prince 1742
Friedrich Wilhelm Ernst son of Friedrich Wilhelm
Wilhelm Christian Karl son of Friedrich Wilhelm Ernst; mediatized, died 1837
(divided between Nassau and Hesse-Darmstadt 1806)
Counts of Hohensolms, then Lich; Princes of Hohensolms-Lich
Johann I son of count Otto I of Solms-Braunfels; Braunfels c.14101436
Konrad (Kuno) son of Johann
Johann II son of Konrad
Philipp son of Konrad
Reinhard I son of Philipp
Friedrich Magnus I son of Otto, son of Philipp; to Laubach 15481561 (line continued)
Ernst I son of Reinhard I; to Lich 15621590 (line extinct 1718)
Eberhard son of Reinhard I
Hermann Adolf son of Reinhard I
Philipp Reinhard I son of Hermann Adolf
Philipp Reinhard II son of Philipp Reinhard I
Karl Ludwig son of Philipp Reinhard II
Johann Heinrich Christian son of Philipp Reinhard II
Ludwig I son of Philipp Reinhard II
Friedrich Wilhelm son of Ludwig I; inherited Lich 1718
Karl Christian son of Friedrich Wilhelm; prince 1792
18031806
Karl Ludwig August son of Karl Christian; mediatized, died 1807

(divided between Nassau and Hesse-Darmstadt 1806)
SPONHEIM
The counts of Sponheim in the westernmost part of Franconia rose to prominence in the 11th and 12th
centuries. A branch of the family settled in lower Bavaria and temporarily controlled of Carinthia, Carniola,
and Istria, its descendents ruled as counts of Ortenberg/Ortenburg until 1805. The Franconian line of the
family divided into three lines in the 1230s: the counts of Starkenburg, the counts of Kreuznach, and the lords
of Heinsberg. Through a further subdivision, the line of Starkenburg also produced that of the counts of SaynWittgenstein in 1266. On the extinction of the male line of Kreuznach in 1417, most of that county reverted
to that of Starkenburg; on the extinction of the male line of Starkenburg, its possessions passed by inheritance
to the margraves of Bade and the counts of Veldenz (succeeded by a line of the Wittlesbachs of the Palatinate).
Other counties whose rulers came from the House of Sponheim included Looz, Lower Salm, and Vianden.
Counts of Sponheim
House of Sponheim
?c.1044
c.10441065
1065c.1080
c.10801118
1118c.1135
c.1135c.1159
c.11591183:
:1187:1192
:11921197:
:12001218
1218c.1233
& 1218c.1233
& 1218c.1233
c.12331266
12661289
12891324
13241398
13981413:
:14141437
Eberhard son of Hedwig; count of Sponheim

Siegfried son of (?) Eberhard; margrave of the Hungarian March 10451048
Stephan I brother of (?) Siegfried
Stephan II son of Stephan I
Meginhard son of Stephan II
Gottfried I son of Meginhard
Gottfried II son of Gottfried I
Walram son of Gottfried II
Heinrich son of Gottfried II; associated :1192
+ Albrecht son of Gottfried II; associated :11921197:
+ Ludwig son of Gottfried II; associated :11921193:
Gottfried III son of Gottfried II; associated :1192
Johann son of Gottfried III; to Starkenburg c.12331266
Heinrich son of Gottfried III; to Heinsberg c.12331259
Simon son of Gottfried III; to Kreuznach c.12331264
(division into Starkenburg and Kreuznach c.1233 63)
Counts of Sponheim in Starkenburg (Hind-County: 1/3 of Sponheim)
Johann I son of count Gottfried III of Sponheim; Sponheim 12181233; inherited
Sayn 1247
Heinrich I son of Johann I
Johann II son of Heinrich I
Johann III, the Blind son of Heinrich II, son of Johann II
Johann V son of Johann IV
(divided between Bade and Veldenz 1437 64)
The partition took place sometime between 1223 and 1237, likely in c.1233, when Heinrich became lord of
Heinsberg by marrying its heiress Agnes of Cleves.
64 The partition was based on the marriage of Johann IVs daughter Mechthild with margrave Rudolf VI of Bade
(represented by their grandson Jakob I of Bade), and of her sister Loretta with count Heinrich III of Veldenz
(represented by their son Friedrich III of Veldenz).
63
c.12331264
12641291
& 12641277
& 12641277
12911340
& 12911336
13361380
& 13361348
13801414
14141417
Counts of Sponheim in Kreuznach (Fore-County: 2/3 of Sponheim)

Simon I son of count Gottfried III of Sponheim; Sponheim 1223c.1233
Johann I, the Lame son of Simon I; in Kreuznach
Heinrich I son of Simon I; in Tannenfels; to Bolanden 12771310 (line extinct 1383)
Eberhard son of Simon I ; to Neef 1277c.1303 (line extinct 1349)
Johann II son of Johann I; in Kreuznach
Simon II son of Johann I; in Kastellaun
Walram son of Simon II; in Kastellaun; Kreuznach 1340
Johann III son of Simon II; in Kastellaun
Simon III son of Walram; count of Vianden as husband of Maria of Vianden 1348
Elisabeth daughter of Simon III; widow of Ruprecht Pipan of the Palatinate, son of
king Ruprecht
(4/5 of Kreuznach to Starkenburg 1414; 1/5 of Kreuznach to the Palatinate 1417)
STEINFURT
The small lordship of Steinfurt, originally a Saxon vassal, passed by marriage to Eberwin V of Gtterswick in
1421, the same year when he inherited the county of Bentheim. These fiefs were repeatedly divided, reunited,
and exchanged among members of the family. From 1803 Steinfurt and Bentheim were united under the same
count, but in 1806 they were mediatized in favor of Berg, and in 1813 of Prussia.
Lords and Counts of Steinfurt
House of Steinfurt
:13151360
13601394:
:13951421
House of Gtterswick
14211454
14541466
14661498
14981553
15531566
15661606
16061632
16321643
16431668
16681693
16931713
17131733
17331780
17801806
18061813
1813
Liudolf VII son of Liudolf VI of Steinfurt

Balduin III son of Liudolf VII
Liudolf VIII son of Balduin III
Eberwin I husband of Mechthild, daughter of Liudolf VIII; son of Arnold III of Gtterswick
Arnold I son of Eberwin I
Eberwin II son of Arnold I
Arnold II son of Eberwin II
Arnold III son of Arnold II
Arnold IV son of count Eberwin III of Bentheim, son of Arnold II
Wilhelm Heinrich son of Arnold III
Arnold Jobst son of Arnold III
Philipp Konrad son of Arnold Jobst
Arnold Moritz Wilhelm son of Philipp Konrad; to Bentheim 16931701
Ernst son of count Ernst Wilhelm of Bentheim, son of Arnold Jobst
Friedrich Karl son of Ernst
Karl Paul Ernst son of Friedrich Karl
Ludwig son of Karl Paul Ernst; deposed
(to Berg; to France 1810)
Ludwig restored; mediatized, died 1817
(to Prussia 1813)
STOLBERG
The Saxon counts of Stolberg expanded their lands by inheriting the counties of Wernigerode, Knigstein,
Rochefort, and Schwarza. In the mid-16th century the family subdivided into several lines, which remained
vassals of Saxony (for Stolberg), Brandenburg (for Wernigerode) and Brunswick (for Hohnstein). The Gedern
branch of the family attained princely rank in 1742. In 1806 the principality was mediatized in favor of HesseDarmstadt. The other Stolberg lands passed to Saxony, and after 1815 were reunited under Prussian rule.
Counts of Stolberg-Wernigerode and Princes of Gedern
House of Stolberg
14291455
14551511
15111538
15381552
& 15381574
& 15381572
& 15381587
& 15381581
15521606
& 15521577
& 15521612
& 15521615
15721583
15721618
& 15721638
16121631
16181641
16381672
& 16381645
16721710
& 16721710
17101767
17671804
17101771
17711778
17781806
16451669
16691704
& 16691684
Botho I son of count Heinrich of Stolberg; inherited Wernigerode 1429

Heinrich I, the Elder son of Botho I
Botho II son of Heinrich I; inherited Knigstein 1535
Wolfgang son of Botho II; in Stolberg
Ludwig son of Botho II; in Knigstein; inherited Wertheim 1557
Heinrich II son of Botho II; in Wernigerode; inherited Schwarza 1549
Albrecht Georg son of Botho II; in Schwarza
Christoph I son of Botho II; in Knigstein, Gedern, and Ortenberg
Wolf Ernst son of Wolfgang; in Wernigerode
Botho III son of Wolfgang
Johann son of Wolfgang; in Stolberg 1571
Heinrich III son of Wolfgang; in Hohenstein 1571
Botho IV son of Heinrich II
Ludwig Georg son of Heinrich II; in Ortenberg
Christoph II son of Heinrich II; in Wernigerode; Stolberg 1631
Wolfgang Georg son of Johann; in Stolberg
Heinrich Volrad son of Ludwig Georg; in Ortenburg
Heinrich Ernst I son of Christoph II
Johann Martin I son of Christoph II; to Stolberg 16451669
Ernst son of Heinrich Ernst I; in Ilsenburg
Ludwig Christian son of Heinrich Ernst I; in Gedern
Friedrich Karl son of Ludwig Christian; prince of Gedern 1742
Christian Ernst son of Ludwig Christian; to Wernigerode 17101771
Heinrich August son of Ludwig Christian; to Schwarza 17101748
Karl Heinrich son of Christian Karl, son of Friedrich Karl
(to Wernigerode 1804)
Counts of Stolberg-Wernigerode in Wernigerode
Christian Ernst son of count Ludwig Christian of Gedern; inherited Schwarza 1748
Heinrich Ernst II son of Christian Ernst
Christian Friedrich son of Heinrich Ernst II; prince of Gedern 1804; mediatized
(Schwarza 1809), died 1824
(to Hesse-Darmstadt 1806; to Westphalia 1807; to Prussia 1815)
Counts of Stolberg-Wernigerode in Stolberg
Johann Martin son of count Christoph II of Stolberg-Wernigerode
Christoph Ludwig I son of Johann Martin
Friedrich Wilhelm son of Johann Martin
17041738
17381761
17611803
17041739
17391768
17681778
17781803
Christoph Friedrich son of Christoph Ludwig I; Prussian vassal 1714

Christoph Ludwig II son of Christoph Friedrich; Saxon vassal 1738
Karl Ludwig son of Christoph Ludwig II; mediatized, died 1815
(to Saxony 1803; to Prussia 1815)
Counts of Stolberg-Rossla (Rola)
Jost Christian son of count Christoph Ludwig I of Stolberg; Saxon vassal 1738
Friedrich Botho son of Jost Christian
Heinrich Christian Friedrich son of Friedrich Botho; abdicated, died 1810
Johann Wilhelm Christoph son of Friedrich Botho; mediatized, died 1826
(to Saxony 1803; to Prussia 1815)
SULZBACH
The counts of Sulzbach in northern Bavaria (the Nordgau) were descended from the Babenberg dukes of
Swabia. They partly replaced the extinct margraves of Schweinfurt as leaders in the region. Count Gebhard III
was brother-in-law to two emperors, Konrad III of Hohenstaufen and Manoul I Komnnos. On the
extinction of the male line in 1188, Sulzbach was inhabited by the counts of Hirschberg. When that lineage
became extinct in 1305, Sulzbach passed to Bavaria by agreement, eventually becoming part of the possessions
of the Palatinate branch of the House of Wittelsbach. For the line of the Palatinate-Sulzbach, see there.
Counts of Sulzbach
Babenberg House of Swabia
c.1038c.1071 Gebhard I son of duke Hermann IV of Swabia
c.10711085 Gebhard II son of Gebhard I
10851125 Berengar I son of Gebhard II
11251188 Gebhard III son of Berengar I
+ Berengar II son of Gebhard III; associated c.11541167
House of Hirschberg
11881230 Gebhard IV son of count Gerhard I of Hirschberg by Sophie, daughter of Gebhard III
& 11881191: Gerhard I brother of Gebhard IV
1191:1249 Gebhard V son of Gerhard I
& 1191:1225 Gerhard II son of Gerhard I
12301245 Gebhard VI son of Gebhard IV
& 12301275 Gebhard VII son of Gebhard IV
12751278 Gerhard III son of Gebhard VII
& 12751305 Gebhard VIII son of Gebhard VII
(to Bavaria 1305; to the Palatinate 1329; union with Bavaria 1777)
SUNDGAU / UPPER ALSACE (OBER-ELSASS)
Under the Merovingian and Carolingian kings of the Franks, the region of Alsace (Elsa) west of the Rhine
was entrusted to dukes, mostly from the Etichonid family. Although the Etichonids seem to have retained
their regional importance as counts in both Upper Alsace (Sundgau) and Lower Alsace (Nordgau), they lost
the ducal office in 742. Hugo, a bastard son of king Lothar II of Lorraine, was invested as duke by his father in
867, but was blinded and deposed by his cousin Karl III the Fat in 885. Subsequently Alsace was attached to
the duchy of Swabia. A line of Etichonid-descended counts named Hugo and Liutfried emerged as hereditary
rulers in most of Sundgau by the early 9th century. After 1000 these were replaced by obscure and apparently
unrelated rulers. Gradually most of the area came to be dominated by the counts of Habsburg and of Ferrette
(Pfirt). By 1186 the counts of Habsburg had become landgraves in Upper Alsace. From their SwabianAlsatian lands, the Habsburgs went on to become a leading power in central Europe after the election of
Rudolf IV German king as Rudolf I in 1273, and his establishment of the family in the duchies of Austria and
Styria on the other end of the Holy Roman Empire. In local terms, Habsburg control of the Sundgau was
enhanced by inheriting Ferrette in 1324. The Sundgau remained a Habsburg possession as part of Inner or
Further Austria until the Thirty Years War, when it was occupied by Sweden and then France. In 1648 the
Treaty of Westphalia confirmed French possession; it was German again in 18711918 and 19401945.
Counts of Habsburg, counts in Sundgau, landgraves of Upper Alsace
House of Habsburg
:953959:
:976991
9911045
& 9911063
1045:1055
& 1045:1050
& 10451096
10961111
& 10961140
11111167
11671199
11991232
12321239
& 12321232:
12391283
12831290
Guntram, the Rich son of (?) count Hugo III of Nordgau

Landolt son of (?) count Guntram
Radbot son of Landolt; count in Klettgau
Rudolf I son of Landolt; count in Sundgau
Otto I son of Radbot
Albrecht I son of Radbot
Werner I son of Radbot
Otto II son of Werner I; count in Sundgau; count of Habsburg by 1108
Albrecht II son of Werner I
Werner II son of Otto II
Albrecht III, the Rich son of Werner II; landgrave in Upper Alsace by 1186
Rudolf II, the Goodly son of Albrecht III
Albrecht IV, the Wise son of Rudolf II
Rudolf III, the Silent son of Rudolf II; to Laufenburg :12391249
Rudolf IV (I) son of Albrecht IV; German king 12731291; Austria 12761282
Rudolf V son of Rudolf IV; Austria 12821283
(union with Austria 1290; to Inner Austria 1379; to Inner Austria-Tyrol 1406; to Austria 1493;
to Further Austria 1564; occupied by Sweden 1631; by France 1634; to France 1648)
SWABIA (SCHWABEN)
The tribal duchy of Swabia, named after the Suebi, and also known as Alamannia after the Alamanni, was one
of the three main components of the East Frankish kingdom in the 9th century. Its two components, Swabia
proper and upland Raetia came to be dominated by the comital families of the Alahofings and Hunfridings by
the end of the century, and it was from these families that the first dukes of Swabia emerged. From c.925,
Swabia also included Alsace (Elsa) west of the Rhine. Through royal appointments, the duchy passed into the
hands of royal sons and in-laws on numerous occasions, until the longer rule of the Hohenstaufen from 1079
to 1268. However, the new ducal dynasty was unable to preserve the territorial integrity of the duchy, where
rival families, most notably that of the dukes of Zhringen, were able to carve out their practically autonomous
principalities. On the extinction of the Hohenstaufen in 1268, the title to the duchy passed to the crown while
the region continued to be fragmented among feudal principalities. The ducal authority of the two Habsburg
dukes of Swabia in 12831309 was almost entirely notional. Like neighboring Franconia to the north, the
duchy of Swabia now disintegrated completely. By early modern times the region was divided among many
lordships and principalities, including Bade, Hohenzollern, Wrttember, and various Habsburg possessions
(Farther Austria). The southernmost portions of the old duchy were gradually taken over by Switzerland.
Dukes of Swabia
Alaholfing House of Swabia
915917 Erchanger son of count Berchtold
Hunfriding House of Raetia

917926 Burkhard I son of margrave Burkhard of Raetia
927948 Hermann I married Reglindis, widow of Burkhard I; son of duke Gebhard of Lorraine
949953 Liudolf husband of Ida, daughter of Hermann I; son of emperor Otto I; deposed, died 957
Hunifriding House of Raetia
954973 Burkhard II son of Burkhard I
973982 Otto I son of Liudolf
982997 Konrad I son of (?) Gebhard, son of count Udo of Wetterau, brother of Hermann I 65
9971003 Hermann II son of Konrad I
10031012 Hermann III son of Hermann II
10121015 Ernst I husband of Gisela, daughter of Hermann II; son of margrave Leopold I of Austria
10151030 Ernst II son of Ernst I
10301038 Hermann IV son of Ernst I
10381045 Heinrich I, the Black son of emperor Konrad II by Gisela, widow of Ernst I; German
king 10391056
10451047 Otto II son of count palatine Ezzo of Lorraine by Mathilde, daughter of emperor Otto II
10481057 Otto III, the White son of margrave Heinrich I of Schweinfurt, son of Berchtold, son
of duke Arnulf of Bavaria
House of Rheinfelden
10571079 Rudolf I husband of Mathilde, daughter of Heinrich I; son of count Kuno of Rheinfelden;
deposed; German king 10771080
House of Hohenstaufen
10791105 Friedrich I husband of Agnes, daughter of emperor Heinrich IV, son of Heinrich I;
son of count Friedrich of Bren by Hildegard, daughter of Otto II
Berthold of Rheinfelden son of Rudolf; rival duke 10791090
Berthold of Zhringen husband of Agnes, daughter of Rudolf; son of duke Berthold
of Carinthia; rival duke 10921098; abdicated, died 1111
11051147 Friedrich II, the One-Eyed son of Friedrich I
11471152 Friedrich III, Barbarossa son of Friedrich II; German king 11521190
11521167 Friedrich IV, of Rothenburg son of king Konrad III of Germany, son of Friedrich I
11671169 Friedrich V son of Friedrich III
11691191 Friedrich VI 66 son of Friedrich III
11921196 Konrad II son of Friedrich III
11961208 Philipp, of Swabia son of Friedrich III; German king 11981208
The frequent identification of Konrad as the son of count Udo of Wetterau has been effectively challenged by
A. Wolf, Wer war Kuno von hringen. berlegungen zum Herzogtum Konrads von Schwaben (997) und zur
Knigswahl vom Jahre 1002, Deutsches Archiv fr Erforschung des Mittelalters, 36 (1980); for Konrad as a
grandson of count Udo, see J. Heinzelmann, SpanheimerSpne, Schachwappen und Konradinererbe,
Jahrbuch fr westdeutsche Landesgeschichte, 25 (1999), 7-68.
66 Originally named Konrad.
65

12121216 Friedrich VII son of emperor Heinrich VI, son of Friedrich III; German king 12121250
12161235 Heinrich II son of Friedrich VII; deposed, died 1242
12351254 Konrad III son of Friedrich VII; German king 12501254
12541268 Konrad IV (Konradin) son of Konrad III 67
12821290 Rudolf II son of king Rudolf I of Germany
12901309 Johann, the Parricide son of Rudolf II 68; deposed, died 1313
(to the Empire 1309; disintegration of the duchy)
TECK
On the death of his brother Berthold IV of Zhringen in 1187, Adalbert I declared himself duke of Teck in the
Alb region of Swabia. The line survived their Zhringen cousins, extinct in 1218. The dukes of Teck did not
attempt to lay claim to the Zhringen inheritance and sold their claims to the emperor Friedrich II. Duke
Konrad II supported the Hohenstaufen until their extinction in 1268 and was possibly elected German king
just before his murder in 1292. The ducal family divided into two lines, Oberndorf and Owen by the end of
the 13th century. Dogged by financial difficulties, the dukes hired themselves out as military captains and
resorted to mortgages and sales of property. Thus, Oberndorf was sold to Hohenberg in 1374 and Teck itself
to Wrttemberg in 1381. After the extinction of the dynasty, the title passed to Wrttemberg from 1495.
Dukes of Teck
House of Zhringen
1187c.1195 Adalbert I son of duke Konrad of Zhringen
c.11951215: Adalbert II son of Adalbert I
:12191244: Konrad I son of Adalbert II
(division into Oberndorf and Owen by the end of the century)
:12491283
12831313:
:1314:1352
& :13141319:
& :13141332:
& :13141342
1319:1363
:12491292
12921316
& 12921329
& 12921334
Dukes of Teck in Oberndorf

Ludwig I, the Elder son of Konrad I
+ Ludwig II, the Younger son of Ludwig I; associated c.12601282
Hermann I son of Ludwig I
Ludwig IV son of Hermann I
Ludwig V (Lutzmann) son of Hermann I
Friedrich II son of Hermann I
Hermann III son of Hermann II
(to Teck-Owen 1363)
Dukes of Teck in Owen
Konrad II, the Younger son of Konrad I
Simon son of Konrad II
Konrad III son of Konrad II
Ludwig III son of Konrad II
In Neapolitan captivity from 1268.

Johann was possibly born posthumously; the appellation parricide refers to Johanns murder of his uncle,
king Albrecht I of Germany.
67
68
& 12921300:
13161352
13341390
13901411
& 13901432
14321439
Friedrich I son of Konrad II

Konrad IV son of Simon
Friedrich III son of Ludwig III
Friedrich IV son of Friedrich III
Ulrich son of Friedrich III
Ludwig VI son of Friedrich III; patriarch of Aquileia 14121435
TECKLENBURG
The county of Tecklenburg was a vassal of Saxony, spreading over a considerable portion of northwestern
Germany in-between the ecclesiastical principalities of Mnster and Osnabrck. Tecklenburg passed by
marriage to the counts of Bentheim in 1263, then to those of Schwerin in 1328, and then again to Bentheim in
1557. Between 1699 and 1729 Tecklenburg was gradually lost, being sold by parts to Solms and Prussia. The
last counts retained only Rheda, which was mediatized in favor of the grand duchy of Berg in 1807.
Counts of Tecklenburg
House of Tecklenburg
11391150
11501156
11561202
12021263
& 12021226
Ekbert son of (?) count Heinrich

Heinrich I son of Ekbert
Simon son of Heinrich I
Otto I son of Simon
Heinrich II son of Simon
+ Heinrich III son of Otto I; associated c.12441247
Dutch House of Bentheim
1263c.1279 Otto II husband of Heilwig, daughter of Otto I; son of count Balduin of Bentheim
c.12791285 Otto III son of Otto II
12851307 Otto IV son of Otto III
13071328 Otto V son of Otto IV
House of Schwerin
13281360: Nikolaus I son of count Gnzel VI of Schwerin by Richardis, daughter of Otto IV
:13671388 Otto VI son of Nikolaus I
13881426 Nikolaus II son of Otto VI
14261450 Otto VII son of Nikolaus II
14501508 Nikolaus III son of Otto VII; in Tecklenburg
& 14501493 Otto VIII son of Otto VII; in Iburg
15081534 Otto IX son of Nikolaus III; in Tecklenburg
& 15081541 Nikolaus IV son of Nikolaus III; in Lingen
15341557 Konrad son of Otto IX; in Tecklenburg; Lingen 1541
15571562 Otto X son of Otto IX
Gtterswick House of Bentheim-Steinfurt
15621606 Arnold son of count Eberwin III of Bentheim by Anna, daughter of Konrad
16061628 Adolf son of Arnold
16281674 Moritz son of Adolf
16741704 Johann Adolf son of Moritz; Tecklenburg sold to Solms 1699 (to Prussia 1707)
17041710 Friedrich Moritz son of Moritz
17101768 Moritz Kasimir I son of Friedrich Moritz; Tecklenburg sold to Prussia 1729;
retained Rheda
17681805
18051806
18061807
Moritz Kasimir II son of Moritz Kasimir I

Moritz Kasimir III son of Moritz Kasimir II
Emil Friedrich Karl son of Moritz Kasimir II; mediatized, died 1837
(to Berg 1807; to France 1810; to Prussia 1815)
THURINGIA (THRINGEN) and SAXON DUCHIES
A separate duchy in the late 9th century, 69 Thuringia was later attached to Saxony and Franconia. Since the
middle of the 10th century most of the authority in the area was vested in the hands of local counts. Those of
Weimar-Orlamnde seem to have enjoyed preeminence and perhaps a margraviate and even short-lived duchy
in the area, but were eclipsed in local importance by the Ludowing counts of Schauenburg in the 1040s. In
1111 the title of landgrave of Thuringia was conferred on count Hermann of Winzenburg, but in 1130 he was
replaced with the Thuringian count Ludwig III/I, who founded the longer-lasting line of landgraves of
Thuringia. Landgrave Heinrich Raspe was elected German king in 1246, but died the next year. The
succession was contested between the Houses of Brabant and Meissen, and in 1249 the Wettin margrave
Heinrich the Illustrious of Meissen acquired control of the landgraviate. When the House of Wettin divided
into the Ernestine and Albertine lines, Thuringia remained mostly in Ernestine hands. After the Ernestine line
lost the electorate of Saxony, they retained their lands in Thuringia. Keeping the title of Saxon dukes, the
Ernestine rulers of Thuringia subdivided the area into a number of principalities, known collectively as the
Saxon duchies. The grand duchy of Saxe-Weimar and the duchies of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha, Saxe-Altenburg,
and Saxe-Meiningen joined the German Empire in 1871. Starting in the 19th century, the line of Saxe-CoburgGotha provided kings for the thrones of Great Britain, Belgium, Portugal, and Bulgaria.
Counts of Schauenburg in Thuringia
Ludowing House of Thuringia
c.10401056 Ludwig I, the Bearded count of Schauenburg
10561123 Ludwig II, the Jumper son of Ludwig I
11231131 Ludwig III son of Ludwig II; landgrave of Thuringia 11311140
Landgraves of Thuringia
House of Winzenburg
Ludowing House of Schauenburg
11311140 Ludwig I son of count Ludwig II of Schauenburg; Schauenburg 11231131
11401172 Ludwig II, the Iron son of Ludwig I
11721190 Ludwig III, the Mild son of Ludwig II
11901217 Hermann I son of Ludwig II
12171227 Ludwig IV, the Holy son of Hermann I
12271241 Hermann II son of Ludwig IV
12411247 Heinrich Raspe son of Hermann I; regent 12271228; German king 12461247
House of Wettin
12491265 Heinrich, the Illustrious son of margrave Dietrich of Meissen by Jutta, daughter of
Hermann I; legitimist claimant since 1247; abdicated, died 1288
12651293 Albrecht I, the Degenerate son of Heinrich; sold landgraviate, died 1314
13101323 Friedrich I, the Dauntless son of Albrecht I
69
We know little more than the names of the dukes Poppo, Konrad, and Burkhard in the 890s and early 900s.
13231349
13491381
& 13491406
& 13811382
& 13811407
& 13811425
& 13811402
14061440
14401445
14451482
14821486
& 14821485
14861525
& 14861532
15321547
15421563
15471567
& 15471572
15671572
15671572
15721573
15731605
16051626
& 16051622
& 16051662
& 16051641
& 16051628
& 16051641
& 16051619
& 16051639
16621683
16831728
& 16831707
17071748
& 17071715
17481758
17581828
18281853
18531901
19011918
15731602
Friedrich II, the Grave son of Friedrich I

Friedrich III, the Stern son of Friedrich II
Balthasar son of Friedrich II; landgrave 1379
Wilhelm I, the One-Eyed son of Friedrich II; to Meissen 13821407
Friedrich IV, the Warlike son of Friedrich III; to Meissen 14071428
Wilhelm II, the Rich son of Friedrich III; in Coburg
Georg son of Friedrich III; in Coburg
Friedrich V, the Peaceful son of Balthasar; landgrave
Friedrich VI, the Mild son of Friedrich IV; abdicated, died 1464
Wilhelm III, the Bold brother of Friedrich VI
Ernst son of Friedrich VI
Albrecht II, the Courageous son of Friedrich VI; to Meissen 14851500
Friedrich VII, the Wise son of Ernst
Johann, the Steadfast son of Ernst
Johann Friedrich I, the Magnanimous son of Johann; deposed, died 1554
Johann Ernst I son of Johann; duke in Coburg
Johann Friedrich II son of Johann Friedrich I; in Gotha; deposed, died 1595
Johann Wilhelm son of Johann Friedrich I; to Weimar 15721573
Johann Kasimir son of Johann Friedrich II; to Coburg 15721633
Johann Ernst III son of Johann Friedrich II; in Eisenach 15721638
(division into Weimar, Coburg, and Eisenach 1572)
Dukes and Grand Dukes of Saxe-Weimar (Sachsen-Weimar)
Johann Wilhelm son of duke Johann Friedrich I; duke since 1547
Johann, the Pious son of Johann Wilhelm
Johann Ernst I son of Johann
Friedrich son of Johann
Wilhelm son of Johann
Albrecht son of Johann; to Eisenach 16411644
Johann Friedrich son of Johann
Ernst I, the Pious son of Johann; to Saxe-Gotha 16411675
Friedrich Wilhelm son of Johann
Bernhard son of Johann
Johann Ernst II son of Wilhelm
Wilhelm Ernst son of Johann Ernst II
Johann Ernst III son of Johann Ernst II
Ernst August I son of Johann Ernst III
Johann Ernst IV son of Johann Ernst III
Ernst August II Konstantin son of Ernst August I
Karl August son of Ernst August II; grand duke 1815
Karl Friedrich son of Karl August
Karl Alexander son of Karl Friedrich
Wilhelm Ernst son of Karl August, son of Karl Alexander; deposed, died 1923
(to Germany 1918)
Dukes of Saxe-Altenburg (Sachsen-Altenburg)
Friedrich Wilhelm I son of duke Johann Wilhelm of Saxe-Weimar
16021639
16391669
16691672
16721825
18261834
18341848
18481853
18531908
19081918
Johann Philipp son of Friedrich Wilhelm I

Friedrich Wilhelm II posthumous son of Friedrich Wilhelm I
Friedrich Wilhelm III son of Friedrich Wilhelm II
(to Saxe-Gotha)
Friedrich son of duke Ernst Friedrich III of Saxe-Hildburghausen
Joseph son of Friedrich; abdicated, died 1868
Georg son of Friedrich
Ernst I son of Georg
Ernst II son of Moritz, son of Georg; deposed, died 1955
(to Germany 1918)
16621668
16681671
Dukes of Saxe-Eisenach (Sachsen-Eisenach)

Adolf Wilhelm son of duke Wilhelm of Saxe-Weimar
Wilhelm August son of Adolf Wilhelm
(to Saxe-Marksuhl 1671)
16621686
16861698
Dukes of Saxe-Marksuhl (Sachsen-Marksuhl) and Eisenach

Johann Georg I son of duke Wilhelm of Saxe-Weimar; inherited Eisenach 1671
Johann Georg II son of Johann Georg I
(to Saxe-Jena 1698)
16621678
16781690
16901729
17291741
16411675
16751691
16911732
17321772
17721804
18041822
18221825
16801706
Dukes of Saxe-Jena (Sachsen-Jena) and Eisenach

Bernhard son of duke Wilhelm of Saxe-Weimar
Johann Wilhelm I son of Bernhard
Johann Wilhelm II son of duke Johann Georg I of Saxe-Eisenach (Marksuhl);
inherited Eisenach 1698
Wilhelm Heinrich son of Johann Wilhelm II
(to Saxe-Weimar 1741)
Dukes of Saxe-Gotha (Sachsen-Gotha) and Altenburg
Ernst I, the Pious son of duke Johann of Saxe-Weimar; Altenburg 1672
Friedrich I son of Ernst I
+ Albrecht son of Ernst I; associated 1675; to Coburg 16801691
+ Bernhard I son of Ernst I; associated 1675; to Meiningen 16801706
+ Heinrich son of Ernst I; associated 1675; to Rmhild 16801710
+ Christian son of Ernst I; associated 1675; to Eisenberg 16801707
+ Ernst son of Ernst I; associated 1675; to Hildburghausen 16801715
+ Johann Ernst son of Ernst I; associated 1675; to Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld 16801729
Ernst II son of Friedrich III
August son of Ernst II
Friedrich IV son of Ernst II
(Gotha to Saxe-Coburg, Altenburg to Saxe-Hildburghausen 1826)
Dukes of Saxe-Meiningen (Sachsen-Meiningen) and Hildburghausen and Saalfeld
Bernhard I son of duke Ernst I of Saxe-Gotha
17061724
17241729
17291743
17431746
17461763
17631782
17821803
18031866
18661914
19141918
Ernst Ludwig I son of Bernhard I

Ernst Ludwig II son of Ernst Ludwig I
Karl Friedrich son of Ernst Ludwig I
Friedrich Wilhelm son of Bernhard I; associated 1706
Anton Ulrich son of Bernhard I; associated 1706
Karl son of Anton Ulrich
Georg I son of Anton Ulrich; associated 1763
Bernhard II son of Georg I; Hildburghausen and Saalfeld 1826; abdicated, died 1882
Georg II son of Bernhard II
Bernhard III son of Georg II; deposed, died 1928
(to Germany 1918)
16801715
17151724
17241745
17451780
17801826
Dukes of Saxe-Hildburghausen (Sachsen-Hildburghausen)

Ernst son of duke Ernst I of Saxe-Gotha
Ernst Friedrich I son of Ernst
Ernst Friedrich II son of Ernst Friedrich I
Ernst Friedrich III son of Ernst Friedrich II
Friedrich son of Ernst Friedrich III; to Saxe-Altenburg 18261834
(to Saxe-Meiningen 1826)
16801729
17291745
17451764
17641800
18001806
18061844
18441893
18931900
19001918
Dukes of Saxe-Coburg (Sachsen Coburg), Saalfeld, then Gotha

Johann Ernst son of duke Ernst I of Saxe-Gotha
Christian Ernst son of Johann Ernst
Franz Josias son of Johann Ernst; associated 1729
Ernst Friedrich son of Franz Josias
Franz son of Ernst Friedrich
Ernst I son of Franz; exchanged Saalfeld for Gotha 1826
Ernst II son of Ernst I
Alfred I son of Albert, son of Ernst I
Karl Eduard I son of Leopold, brother of Alfred I; deposed, died 1954
(to Germany 1918)
THURN AND TAXIS (THURN UND TAXIS)
The Lombard Tasso family entered Habsburg service in the mid-15th century and established a postal service
that came to dominate much of continental Western Europe. Leonhard I became general postmaster of the
Empire in 1595 and baron in 1608; his son Lamoral acquired a monopoly on the postal service in 1615, and
the title of imperial count in 1621. The family became known as Thurn und Taxis in 1650, and advanced to
princely rank in 1695. Although the family was mediatized in 1806, it retained much of its wealth, and, for
awhile, continued to run a lucrative postal business. With the familys lands in the Austrian Netherlands lost
to France in 1801, the House of Thurn and Taxis was compensated with the principality of Buchau (at the
expense of the free imperial city and several secularized abbeys), which it lost through mediatization to
Wrttemberg and Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen in 1806.
Barons, Counts, and Princes of Thurn and Taxis
House of Taxis
16081612
16121624
Leonhard I son of Giovanni Battista I de Tassis

Lamoral I son of Leonhard I; count 1624
16241628
16281677
16771714
17141739
17391773
17731805
18051806
Leonhard II son of Lamoral I

Lamoral II son of Leonhard II
Eugen Alexander son of Lamoral II; prince 1695
Anselm Franz son of Eugen Alexander
Alexander Ferdinand son of Anselm Franz
Karl Anselm son of Alexander Ferdinand
Karl Alexander son of Karl Anselm; mediatized, died 1827
(to Wrttemberg and Hohenz0llern-Sigmaringen 1806)
TOGGENBURG
The Raetian lord of Toggenburg was promoted to count in the early 13th century. The family prospered and
extended its possessions to include much of what is today Switzerland and some of the westernmost part of
modern Austria. Friedrich VII was promoted to imperial count in 1413, but died without legitimate issue in
1436. This was followed by a disputed succession (including the Old Zrich War of 14401446), after which
the lands of the counts of Toggenburg were divided among several heirs. Toggenburg proper was sold to the
Abbey of Saint Gall, while most of the so-called League of Ten Jurisdictions (Zehngerichtebund) passed to the
counts of Montfort and Mtsch. These sold their rights to the archduke of Austria in 1469 and 1477. The
Austrian Habsburg retained control until 16491652, when they sold their rights to the Three Leagues,
formally absorbed into Switzerland in 1803.
Counts of Toggenburg
House of Toggenburg
12071229:
& 12071214:
1229:1236:
:12471248
& :12471249:
& :12471283:
:12531282:
:12531261:
:12531303:
:13051315
13151337
13371364
13641375
& 13641400
& 13641368
& 13641385
13851436
Diethelm I, the Elder son of (?) Diethelm V of Toggenburg

Friedrich I brother of Diethelm I 70
Diethelm II, the Younger son of Diethelm I
Diethelm III son of Diethelm II
Kraft I son of Diethelm II
Friedrich II son of Diethelm II
Diethelm IV son of Kraft I
Kraft II, the Minstrel son of Kraft I
Friedrich III son of Kraft I
Friedrich IV, the Younger son of Friedrich III
Diethelm V son of Friedrich IV
Friedrich V son of Friedrich IV
Donat son of Friedrich V
Kraft III son of Friedrich V
Diethelm VI son of Friedrich V
Friedrich VII son of Diethelm VI; imperial count 1413
(division of the county after inheritance dispute 14361439)
TBINGEN
Hugo of Tbingen became count palatine of Swabia in the mid-12th century. His descendants established several
comital lines, including the counts of Montfort and Werdenberg. The counts palatine retained control of
Friedrich I is sometimes confused for his nephew Friedrich, son of Dietrich I and brother of Dietrich II (who
murdered him in 1226).
70
Tbingen until 1342, when they sold the city to Wrttemberg. Many of their other possessions were also sold to
Wrttemberg in the 14th century, including Asperg (1308), Beilstein (1340), Bblingen (1357), and Herrenberg
(1382). The family survived as counts of Lichteneck under Wrttemberg overlorship until the extinction of the
male line in 1634; the heiress, Elisabeth Bernhardina, wife of count Karl of Salm-Neuburg, sold Lichteneck to the
baron of Garnier in 1660. The rights of count palatine of Swabia had been sold to Burgau in 1268.
Counts palatine of Tbingen
House of Tbingen
11461152
11521162:
& 11521182
11821219
12191227:
1227::1253
12191248:
1248:c.1267
c.12671277
& c.12671284:
& c.12671293:
1248:1277
12771304
& 12771317
13171356
& 13171376
13561377
13761382
12191256:
1256:1283
12831340
& 12831295:
71
Hugo I son of count Hugo II of Tbingen; count palatine of Swabia

Friedrich son of Hugo I
Hugo II son of Hugo I
Rudolf I son of Hugo II
Hugo III son of Rudolf I
Rudolf II son of Rudolf I; to Horb 12191248:
Wilhelm I son of Rudolf I; to Asperg and Giessen 12191252
Konrad I son of (?) Hugo III
(to Herrenberg :1253)
Counts palatine and counts of Tbingen in Horb
Rudolf II son of Rudolf I of Tbingen
Rudolf III, the Clipper son of Rudolf II; to Herrenberg 1248:1277
Hugo IV son of Rudolf II; last count palatine
Hugo V son of Hugo IV
Otto son of Hugo IV
Ludwig son of Hugo IV
(to Hohenberg 1293: 71)
Counts of Tbingen in Herrenberg
Rudolf III, the Clipper son of Rudolf II of Horb; inherited Tbingen :1253
Eberhard son of Rudolf III; sold Tbingen 1294
Rudolf V son of Rudolf III
Rudolf VI son of Rudolf V
Konrad II son of Rudolf V
Ulrich III, the Wolf son of Rudolf VI
Konrad III son of Konrad II; sold county 1382; died 1391
Counts of Tbingen in Asperg, Gieen, and Beilstein
Wilhelm I son of Rudolf I of Tbingen
Rudolf IV son of Wilhelm I; to Bblingen 1256:1271:
Ulrich I, of Bblingen son of Wilhelm I; sold Gieen 1264 to Hesse
Ulrich II son of Ulrich I; sold Asperg 1308, Beilstein 1340 to Wrttemberg; died 1341
Johann I son of Ulrich I
+ Johann II (Hans) son of Ulrich II; associated by 1340; died :1369
+ Wilhelm IV son of Ulrich II; associated by 1340; died 1357:
(to Wrttemberg 134o)
Liutgard, daughter of count Hugo IV having married count Burchard IV of Hohenberg.
1256:1271:
:12721316
13161326:
:13271369:
:13711404:
:14101449:
:14531506
15061507
15071536
15361569
15691570
15701608
16081622
16221631
16311660
Counts of Tbingen in Bblingen and Lichteneck

Rudolf IV son of Wilhelm I of Asperg and Giessen
Gottfried I son of Rudolf IV; purchased Tbingen 1294
Wilhelm II son of Gottfried I
+ Heinrich I son of Gottfried I; associated 13161336
+ Gottfried II son of Gottfried I; associated 13161329:
Gottfried III (Gtz) son of Wilhelm II; sold Tbingen 1342, Bblingen 1357 to
Wrttemberg
+ Heinrich II (Wilhelm) son of Wilhelm II; associated :13271345:
+ Wilhelm III son of Wilhelm II; associated :13271346:
Konrad I son of Gottfried III
Konrad II son of Konrad I
Georg I son of Konrad II; associated :1453
Georg II son of Georg I
Konrad IV son of Georg I; associated 1507
Georg III son of Konrad IV
Eberhard son of Georg III
+ Konrad V son of Georg III; associated 15701600
+ Alwig son of Georg III; associated 15701592
+ Hermann son of Georg III; associated 15701585
+ Georg IV posthumous son of Georg III; associated 15701587
Georg Friedrich son of Eberhard
Georg Eberhard son of Eberhard; associated 1608
+ Konrad Wilhelm son of Eberhard; associated 16081630
Elisabeth Bernhardina daughter of Konrad Wilhelm; sold county; died 1666
(to Garnier 1660)
TRAUTTMANSDORFF
The Austrian/Bohemian barons of Trauttmansdorff attained the rank of imperial counts in 1623 as rulers of
Weinsberg in Swabia. Johann Maximilian served as the Habsburg prime minister in the reign of Ferdinand III,
and his son Johann Friedrich II was appointed imperial chamberlain. In 1805 Franz Ferdinand purchased the
immediate lordship of Umpfenbach in Franconia and was promoted to prince. The very next year this
principality was mediatized and passed to Bade and then Hesse-Darmstadt.
Counts of Trauttmansdorff-Weinsberg; Princes of Umpfenbach
House of Trauttmansdorff
15451614 Johann Friedrich I son of David of Trauttmansdorff
16141623 Siegmund Friedrich son of Johann Friedrich I
16141627 Johann David son of Johann Friedrich I; count 1623
& 16141650 Johann Maximilian son of Johann Friedrich I; count 1623
16501684 Adam Matthias son of Johann Maximilian
& 16501696 Johann Friedrich II son of Johann Maximilian (line extinct 1762)
& 16501692 Ferdinand Ernst son of Johann Maximilian
& 16501708 Georg Siegmund son of Johann Maximilian (line continued)
16841689 Rudolf Wilhelm son of Adam Matthias
16891713
17131786
17861806
Johann Joseph son of Rudolf Wilhelm

Franz Norbert son of Johann Joseph
Franz Ferdinand son of Franz Norbert; prince 1805; mediatized, died 1827
(to Bade 1806; to Hesse-Darmstadt 1806)
URACH-FREIBURG
Count Egino I of Urach succeeded to Zhringen lands on the right bank of the Rhine (including Freiburg and
much of the Breisgau) through his marriage to Agnes of Zhringen. Frstenberg became the seat of a separate
branch of the family in the mid-13th century. In c.1260 Berthold I left Urach itself to his nephew, Heinrich I
of Frstenberg, who sold it to the count of Wrttemberg c.1265. The comital family continued to rule
Freiburg for another century, until 1366, when the count sold his rights to the city of Freiburg. In 1368 the
city came under Austrian control, and remained so, with several interruptions, until 1801. After the
Napoleonic wars, Freiburg and the rest of Breisgau passed to Bade.
Counts of Urach in Freiburg
Dettingen House of Urach
12181230 Egino I, the Bearded son of count Egino III of Urach; husband of Agnes, daughter of
duke Berthold IV of Zhringen
12301236 Egino II son of Egino I; in Freiburg
& 1230c.1246 Rudolf son of Egino I; in Dettingen; abdicated, died :1260
& 1230c.1261 Berthold I son of Egino I; in Urach
12361271 Konrad I son of Egino II; in Freiburg
& 1236:1241 Berthold II son of Egino II; in Urach
& 1236c.1250 Heinrich I son of Egino II; to Frstenberg c.12501284
1271c.1318 Egino III son of Konrad I
c.13181350 Konrad II son of Egino III
13501356 Friedrich son of Konrad II
13561358 Clara daughter of Friedrich; abdicated, died 1368
13581366 Egino IV son of Konrad II; abdicated, died 1385
(city state 1366; to Austria 1368; to Bavaria 1644; to France 1677; to Austria 1697; to
France 1713; to Austria 1714; to France 1744; to Austria 1748; to France 1801; to
Breisgau 1803; divided between Bade and Wrttemberg 1805; to Bade 1810)
Counts of Urach in Badenweiler
1271c.1302 Heinrich II son of count Konrad I of Urach-Freiburg
House of Nauchtel-Strasberg
c.13021318 Otto husband of Margarete, daughter of Heinrich II; son of count Berthoud II of Strasberg
13181364 Imier son of Otto
13641368 (to Frstenberg)
Dettingen House of Urach
13681385 Egino IV son of count Konrad II of Urach-Freiburg
13851424 Konrad III son of Egino IV
14241457 Johann son of Konrad III
(to Bade-Sausenberg 1457)
VAUDMONT
The county of Vaudmont in Upper Lorraine was conferred on a collateral branch of the House of Lorraine.
In 1202 the county was made a vassal of the counts of Bar, but continued to pursue a relatively independent
policy. The counts of Vaudmont participated in the Crusades and in 1271 Henri I received the Italian county
of Adriano for supporting Charles of Anjou in Sicily. The marriage of Ferry II to Isabelle, the heiress of
Lorraine, eventually brought his son Ren the duchy of Lorraine in 1473. Vaudmont remained united with
Lorraine until their common annexation by France in 1766. During this period, the titular dignity of count of
Vaudmont was granted to younger sons or brothers of the duke of Lorraine.
Counts of Vaudmont
Metz House of Lorraine
10701118 Grard I son of duke Grard of Upper Lorraine
11181155 Hugues I son of Grard I
11551188 Grard II son of Hugues I
11881242 Hugues II son of Grard II
12421244 Hugues III son of Hugues II
12441278 Henri I son of Hugues III
12781279 Renaud son of Henri I
12791299 Henri II son of Henri I
12991348 Henri III son of Henri II
+ Henri IV son of Henri III; associated 13331346
House of Joinville
13481365 Henri V son of Anseau of Joinville by Marguerite, daughter of Henri III
13651418 Marguerite daughter of Henri V
& 13671373 Jean of Chlon married Marguerite; son of Henri of Chlon
& 13741392 Pierre of Genve married Marguerite; son of count Amde III of Genve
& 13931415 Ferry I of Lorraine married Marguerite; son of duke Jean I of Lorraine
Metz House of Lorraine
14151458 Antoine son of Ferry I
14581470 Ferry II son of Antoine
14701508 Ren, the Younger son of Ferry II; duke of Lorraine 14731508
(union with Lorraine 1473)
VELDENZ
Like the wildgraves of neighboring Kyrburg, the counts of Veldenz in Upper Lorraine and Franconia were
descended from the counts of Nahegau. In 1271 the county passed by marriage to the House of Geroldseck,
which inherited a portion of Sponheim-Starkenburg in 1437. In 1444 Veldenz passed by inheritance to the
Palatinate-Simmern, where Ludwig the Black established the Wittlesbach Palatinate lines of Veldenz and
Zweibrcken.
Counts of Veldenz
Emichonid House of Nahegau
c.11121136: Gerlach I son of count Goswin
:11411186: Gerlach II son of Gerlach I
:12021214: Gerlach III son of Gerlach II
:12201240: Gerlach IV son of Gerlach III
:12451259: Gerlach V son of Gerlach IV

:12601277: Agnes daughter of Gerlach V
& :12701296: Heinrich I of Geroldseck married Agnes; son of Walter of Geroldseck
House of Geroldseck (Hohengeroldseck)
:1297c.1347 Georg I son of Walther, son of Heinrich I and Agnes
+ Friedrich I son of Georg I; associated in Lichtenberg c.13141327
+ Georg II son of Friedrich I; associated in Lichtenberg 13271377
c.1347c.1378 Heinrich II son of Georg I
c.13781389 Heinrich III son of Heinrich II
& c.13781395 Friedrich II son of Heinrich II
13891393 Heinrich IV son of Heinrich III
& 13891444 Friedrich III son of Heinrich IV
Wittelsbach House of the Palatinate
14441489 Ludwig, the Black son of duke Stephan of the Palatinate-Simmern by Anna, daughter
of Friedrich III; duke of the Palatinate-Zweibrcken 14591489
(to the Palatinate-Zweibrcken 1459; to the Palatinate-Veldenz 1543; to the Palatinate
1694; to France 1801; divided between Bavaria and Prussia 1815)
VIANDEN
The counts of Vianden, descended from those of Sponheim, made profitable marriages, for example securing
the county of Lower Salm by 1163, but they had to accept the suzerainty of neighboring Luxembourg and
Brabant in the 13th century. In 1343 the male line of counts became extinct, and through marriage and
inheritance the county passed into the hands of the Houses of Sponheim (1348) and Nassau (1417). The
latter maintained control over the county, with two interruptions, until 1795, when it was swept away in the
wake of the Wars of the French Revolution. The Congress of Vienna divided the former county of Vianden
between Luxembourg (which kept the town) and Prussia.
Counts of Vianden
House of Sponheim
:11241152:
:1171:1184
:1184c.1187
c.11871214
12141252
12521273
12731304
13041316
13161337
13371343
13431400
& 13481400
14001417
House of Nassau
14171442
14421475
Friedrich I son of Gerhard II, son of Gerhard I, son of count Stephan II of Sponheim;
Siegfried son of Friedrich I
Friedrich II son of Friedrich I; inherited Lower Salm :1163
Heinrich I, the Sun King son of Friedrich III
Philipp I son of Heinrich I
Gottfried son of Philipp I; abdicated, died 1307:
Philipp II son of Gottfried
Heinrich II son of Philipp II
Ludwig son of Philipp II
Maria daughter of Heinrich II
Simon of Sponheim married Maria; son of count Walram of Sponheim-Kreuznach;
died 1417
Elisabeth daughter of Simon and Maria
Engelbert I son of count Johann I of Nassau-Dillenburg, son of count Otto II by
Adelheid, daughter of Philipp II
Johann I son of Engelbert I
14751504
15041516
15161538
15381544
15441566
House of Mansfeld
15661604
House of Nassau
16041618
16181625
16251647
16471650
16501702
17021759
17591795
Engelbert II son of Johann I

Heinrich III son of Johann II
Renatus son of Heinrich III; prince of Orange 1530
Wilhelm I, the Silent son of count Wilhelm I of Nassau-Dillenburg, son of Johann II;
deposed, died 1584
Peter Ernst son of count Ernst II of Mansfeld; prince 1594
Philipp Wilhelm son of Wilhelm I
Moritz son of Wilhelm I; Netherlands 15851625
Friedrich Heinrich son of Wilhelm I; Netherlands 16251647
Wilhelm II son of Friedrich Heinrich; Netherlands 16471650
Wilhelm III posthumous son of Wilhelm II; Netherlands 16721702; England,
Scotland, and Ireland 16891702
(to France 1702; to the Netherlands 1713)
Wilhelm IV son of Wilhelm Friso of the Netherlands; Netherlands 17511795;
deposed, died 1806
(to the Batavian Republic 1795; to Holland 1806; to France 1810; divided between
Luxembourg and Prussia 1815)
VIRNEBURG
The county of Virneburg west of Koblenz divided into two in 1446 and both portions passed to the House of
Manderscheid by 1545. With the extinction of the new line in 1590, Virneburg was eventually inherited by
the Wittelsbach House of Lwenstein-Wertheim. From 1615 this family formed a separate line that did not
practice primogeniture until 1789, resulting in a large number of heirs. Losing their lands west of the Rhine in
the Treaty of Lunville in 1801, the counts of Virneburg were compensated with Freudenberg, carved out of
the bishopric of Wrzburg in 1803. In 1806 the family was mediatized in favor of Bavaria.
Counts of Virneburg
House of Virneburg
1112?
?1192
11921204
12041235
& 12351242:
& 12351289:
:12901308
13081353:
:13551374
1374:1391
:13911444
14441459
14591522:
:15251534
72
Hermann I son of (?) Bernhard

Gottfried son of Hermann II
Hermann III son of Gottfried; abdicated, died 1238:
Ruprecht I son of Hermann III
Heinrich son of Hermann III
Ruprecht II son of Heinrich
Ruprecht III son of Ruprecht II
Gerhard son of Heinrich, son of Ruprecht III 72
Adolf son of Ruprecht III
Ruprecht IV son of Adolf
Ruprecht V son of count Philipp I of Neuenahr, son of Ruprecht IV
Philipp II son of Ruprecht V
Alternately the count Gerhard was another Gerhard, son of count Ruprecht III.
15341545
Konrad (Kuno) son of Philipp II

(to Kronenburg 1545)
Counts of Virneburg in Kronenburg

1446:1469 Wilhelm son of count Philipp I of Neuenahr, son of count Ruprecht IV of Virneburg
:1469:1495 Georg son of Wilhelm
:14951551 Dietrich I son of count Kuno I of Manderscheid-Schleiden by Mechthild, daughter of
Wilhelm; inherited remainder of Virneburg 1545
15511560 Dietrich II son of Dietrich I
15601582 Joachim son of Dietrich II
15821590 Philipp Dietrich son of Joachim
15821611 (to the Empire during disputed succession)
Wittelsbach House of Lwenstein-Wertheim
16111618 Christoph Ludwig husband of Elisabeth, daughter of Joachim; son of count Ludwig III
of Lwenstein-Wertheim; Lwenstein-Wertheim 16111615
16181657 Friedrich Ludwig son of Christoph Ludwig
& 16181622 Ernst son of Christoph Ludwig
& 16181620 Johann Hermann son of Christoph Ludwig
16571681 Ludwig Ernst son of Friedrich Ludwig
& 16571683 Friedrich Eberhard son of Friedrich Ludwig
& 16571681 Gustav Ernst son of Friedrich Ludwig
& 16571688 Albrecht son of Friedrich Ludwig
16811689 Joachim Friedrich son of Ludwig Ernst
& 16811698 Eucharius Kasimir son of Ludwig Ernst
16831721 Heinrich Friedrich son of Friedrich Eberhard
17211790 Johann Ludwig Vollrath son of Heinrich Friedrich
& 17211796 Friedrich Ludwig son of Heinrich Friedrich
& 17211779 Karl Ludwig son of Heinrich Friedrich
& 17211757 Johann Philipp son of Heinrich Friedrich
& 17211773 Wilhelm Heinrich son of Heinrich Friedrich
17791806 Friedrich Karl Gottlieb son of Karl Ludwig; mediatized, died 1825
17901806 Johann Karl Ludwig son of Johann Ludwig Vollrath; mediatized, died 1816
(to Bavaria 1806)
VOHBURG
The counts of Vohburg became margraves in the Bavarian Nordgau in the second half of the 12th century. In
1212 margrave Dietpold VII married the widowed margravine of Hohenburg and added this territory, and
title, to the familys possessions. Margrave Berthold III governed Sicily as regent on behalf of the underage king
Corrado II (Konradin) of Hohenstaufen, and was imprisoned, together with his brothers, by the kings uncle
Manfred in 1256. By 1258 the three margraves were dead. Except for Hohenburg, which passed to the
bishopric of Regensburg, the margraviate was incorporated into the duchy of Bavaria.
Margraves of Vohburg
House of Traungau
:10201060
10601078
Dietpold I son of count Rapoto II of Traungau

Dietpold II son of Dietpold I; margrave
10781146
11461158
& 11461185
& 11461193
11931204
& 11931225
12251256:
& 12251247:
& 12251256:
& 12251256:
Dietpold III son of Dietpold II

Dietpold V son of Dietpold IV, son of Dietpold III
Berthold I son of Dietpold III
Dietpold VI son of Dietpold III
Berthold II son of Berthold I
Dietpold VII son of Berthold I; married Mechthild of Hohenburg 1212
Berthold III son of Dietpold VII
Dietpold VIII son of Dietpold VII
Otto son of Dietpold VII
Ludwig son of Dietpold VII
(to Bavaria :1258)
WALDBURG
In 1525 the emperor Karl V invested the Swabian baron Georg III of Waldburg with the hereditary title of
seneschal or steward (Truchse) of the Holy Roman Empire. By the end of the century this branch of the
Waldburg family had divided into two lines, Wolfegg-Waldsee and Zeil-Wurzach; each of these subdivided
into its respective components in the second half of the 17th century. In 1803 the chiefs of the surviving three
lines were promoted to princes, but all three were mediatized in favor of Wrttemberg in 1806. The list
includes only those branches of the family that attainted princely rank.
Barons of Waldburg in Wolfegg and Waldsee
House of Waldburg
14231467
14671482
14821511
15111531
15311536
& 15311570
& 15311569
15691589
15891595
& 15891595
15951637
16371667
16671724
17241748
17481790
17901791
17911806
Georg I son of Johann I of Waldburg

Georg II, the Tall son of Georg I
Johann II son of Georg II
Georg III son of Johann II; Truchse (Seneschal) of the Empire 1525
Jakob I son of Georg III
Heinrich son of Georg III
Georg IV son of Georg III
Jakob II, the Fat son of Georg IV
Heinrich II son of Jakob II; to Wolfegg 15951637
Froben son of Jakob II; to Zeil 15951614
(division into Wolfegg and Zeil 1595)
Barons and Counts of Waldburg in Wolfegg and Waldsee
Heinrich II son of Jakob II of Zeil-Waldsee; count 1628
Maximilian Willibald son of Heinrich II
Maximilian Franz Eusebius son of Maximilian Willibald; to Wolfegg 16671681 (line
extinct 1798)
Johann Maria son of Maximilian Willibald; in Waldsee
Maximilian Maria son of Johann Maria
Gebhard Xaver son of Maximilian Maria; abdicated, died 1791
Karl Maximilian Franz son of Gebhard Xaver; abdicated, died 1795
Joseph Anton son of Gebhard Xaver; inherited Wolfegg 1798; prince 1803;
15951614
16141674
16741684
16841717
17171750
17501790
17901806
Counts and Princes of Waldburg in Zeil

Froben son of Jakob II of Zeil-Waldsee
Johann Jakob I son of Froben; count 1628
Paris Jakob son of Johann Jakob I
Johann Christoph son of Paris Jakob
Johann Jakob II son of Johann Christoph
Franz Anton son of Johann Jakob II; count of Zeil 1771; inherited Trauchburg 1779
Maximilian Wunibald son of Franz Anton; prince 1803; mediatized, died 1818
16741700
17001734
17341781
17811806
Counts and Princes of Waldburg in Wurzach

Sebastian Wunibald son of count Johann Jakob I of Zeil
Ernst Jakob son of Sebastian Wunibald
Franz Ernst son of Ernst Jakob
Eberhard son of Franz Ernst; prince 1803; mediatized, died 1807
WALDECK-PYRMONT
The counts of Waldeck were descended from those of Schwalenberg, who appeared in the 12th century and
divided into a great number of branches. The counts of Waldeck-Eisenberg inherited the county of Pyrmont
in southern Lower Saxony in 1625 and the last of the line took the title of prince of Waldeck and count of
Pyrmont in 1682. The counts of Waldeck-Wildungen succeeded to Eisenberg and Pyrmont in 1692 and
renewed the princely title in 1712, changing it to prince of Waldeck and Pyrmont a century later. In 1871
the principality joined the German Empire. The list includes only the princely branches of the family.
Counts of Waldeck
House of Schwalenberg
:12141270 Adolf I son of count Heinrich I of Schwalenberg
+ Heinrich I son of Adolf I; associated c.12501267
12701276 Adolf II son of Heinrich I; abdicated; bishop of Lige 13011302
& 12701305 Otto I son of Heinrich I
13051348 Heinrich II son of Otto I
13481369 Otto II son of Heinrich II
13691397 Heinrich III son of Otto II
Adolf III son of Heinrich III; to Landau 13971431 (line extinct 1495)
13971442 Heinrich IV son of Heinrich III
14421475 Wolrad I son of Heinrich IV
1475 Philipp I son of Wolrad I
14751486 Heinrich VI son of Philipp I; to Wildungen 14861513 (line extinct 1585)
& 14751486 Philipp II son of Heinrich IV; to Eisenberg 14861524
(division into Wildungen and Eisenberg 1486)
14861524
15241539
15391578
Counts of Waldeck in Eisenberg and Pyrmont, then Princes of Waldeck-Pyrmont

Philipp II son of count Heinrcih IV of Waldeck; Waldeck 14751486
Wolrad II son of Philipp III
Johann I, the Pious son of Philipp III; to Landau 15391567 (line extinct 1597)
15781588
15881607
& 15881640
16401645
16451664
16641692
16071637
16371645
& 16231668
16451706
& 16451669
17061728
1728
17281763
17631812
18121813
18131845
18451893
18931918
Josias I son of Wolrad II

Christian son of Josias I; to Wildungen 16071637
Wolrad III son of Josias I; count of Pyrmont 1625
Philipp Theodor son of Wolrad III
Heinrich Wolrad son of Philipp Theodor
Georg Friedrich son of Wolrad III; prince of Waldeck and count of Pyrmont 1682
(to Waldeck-Wildungen 1692)
Counts of Waldeck in Wildungen, then Princes of Waldeck-Pyrmont
Christian son of Josias I; count of Waldeck and Eisenberg 15881607
Philipp VI son of Christian
Johann II son of Christian; in Landau
Christian Ludwig son of Philipp VII
Josias II son of Philipp VII; in Wildungen
Anton Ulrich son of Christian Ludwig; prince of Waldeck and count of Pyrmont 1712
Christian Philipp son of Anton Ulrich
Karl son of Anton Ulrich
Friedrich I son of Karl
Georg I son of Karl; prince of Waldeck and Pyrmont 1812
Georg Victor son of Georg II
Friedrich II son of Georg Victor; deposed, died 1946
(to Germany 1918)
WEIMAR-ORLAMNDE
The counts of Weimar and Orlamnde in Thuringia were rewarded for their services to the crown with
appointment as dukes of Thuringia, margraves of Meissen, Istria, and Carniola. The original comital house
died out in 1112, and the counties passed to the Ascanian counts of Ballenstedt, who were soon to obtain the
Saxon North March (Nordmark), Saxony, Brandenburg, and Anhalt. On the death of Albrecht I the Bear in
1170, Weimar-Orlamnde passed to one of his sons, Siegfried III. His descendants divided their inheritance in
1248. Within a century, however, they had declined in power and prosperity, and were forced to recognize the
suzerainty of the Wettin margraves of Meissen, who purchased both counties in 13441347. The comital
family continued to inhabit some of its allodial estates until its extinction in the 15th century. Weimar later
became the capital of one of the leading Saxon duchies in Thuringia. The numbering of the counts is very
inconsistent in the literature and has been simplified to match the list; many dates, especially in the 14th and
15th centuries are approximate.
Counts of Weimar and Orlamnde
House of Weimar
949963
9631003
10031039
10391062
& 10391067
10671070
10701112
Wilhelm I count and margrave in southern Thuringia

Wilhelm II, the Great son of Wilhelm I; duke of Thuringia 10021003
Wilhelm III son of Wilhelm II; margrave
Wilhelm IV son of Wilhelm III; in Weimar; Meissen 10461062
Otto I son of Wilhelm III; in Orlamnde; Meissen 10621067
Ulrich I son of Poppo, son of Wilhelm III

11121113 Siegfried I son of count Adalbert II of Ballenstedt by Adelheid, daughter of Otto I
11131124 Siegfried II son of Siegfried I
11241140 Wilhelm V son of Siegfried I
11401170 Albrecht I, the Bear son of count Otto of Ballenstedt, brother of Siegfried I
11701176 Hermann I son of Albrecht I
11761206 Siegfried III son of Hermann I
12061247 Hermann II son of Siegfried III
& 12061245 Albrecht II son of Siegfried III
& 12061211 Otto II son of Siegfried III; in Weimar
& 12061247 Heinrich I son of Siegfried III; in Orlamnde
12471248 Hermann III, the Famous son of Hermann II; to Orlamnde 12481283
& 12471248 Otto III, the Magnificent son of Hermann II; to Weimar 12481285
& 12471248 Albrecht III, the Elder son of Hermann II; to Weimar 12481283
(division into Orlamnde and Weimar 1248)
12481283
12831312
& 12831344
12481285
12851319
& 1285c.1318
c.13181340
13191347
& 13191347
& 13191334
13341347
Counts of Orlamnde
Hermann III, the Famous son of count Hermann II of Weimar-Orlamnde; WeimarOrlamnde 12471248
Hermann IV son of Hermann III
Heinrich II, the Elder son of Hermann III; sold county, died 1354 (line extinct by 1423)
(to Meissen 1344)
Counts of Weimar
Otto III, the Magnificent son of count Hermann II of Weimar-Orlamnde; WeimarOrlamnde 12471248
Hermann IV son of Otto III
Otto IV, the Rich son of Otto III
Otto V son of Otto IV
Friedrich I, the Elder son of Hermann IV; sold county, died 1365
Hermann V son of Hermann IV; died 1372
Otto VI son of Hermann IV
Friedrich II son of Otto VI; died 1363 (line extinct 1486)
(to Meissen 1347)
WERDENBERG
The county of Werdenberg in Raetia was governed by a branch of the Tbingen counts of Montfort. The
family divided into two major lines, those of Werdenberg and Sargans, the latter subdividing further into
Trochtelfingen, Alpeck, and Vaduz. The eastern possessions of the family gradually passed to Austria, the
western ones to Switzerland, these powers having applied pressure on the impoverished principality in their
attempts at expansion. The lordaship of Vaduz, on the other hand, passed in succession into the hands of the
houses of Brandis, Hohenemsm, and finally Liechtenstein in 1712. Today it is the capital of the independent
principality of Liechtenstein.
Counts of Werdenberg
House of Tbingen
:12301243:
Rudolf I son of count Hugo I of Montfort
:12481280:
:12811305:
:13071329:
& :13071364:
:13671371:
:13731387:
& :13731384
& :13731392:
& :13731413
:13931419:
& :13931428
& :13931401:
:12481264:
:12711322
13221325:
& 13221361
13611399:
:14001412:
& :14001412:
& :14001405:
& :14001421:
& :14001447:
:14171434:
:14491474:
& :14491483
1322:1332:
:13341342:
& :13341366:
:13701383
:13341383
13831393:
& 1383?
Hugo I son of Rudolf I

Hartmann I son of Rudolf I; to Sargans :12481264:
Hugo II, the One-Eyed son of Hugo I
Hugo III son of Hugo II
Albrecht I son of Hugo II
Albrecht II son of Albrecht I
Hugo IV son of Albrecht II; in Rheineck
Albrecht III, the Elder son of Albrecht II; in Bludenz; sold county to Austria 1384,
died 1418:
Heinrich I son of Albrecht II
Albrecht IV, the Younger son of Albrecht II; in Heiligenberg; sold county to Austria 1413,
died 1416:
Rudolf son of Heinrich I
Hugo V son of Heinrich I; pawned Werdenberg to Montfort 1402
(to Montfort 1402; to Switzerland 1485)
Counts of Werdenberg in Sargans
Hartmann I son of count Rudolf I of Werdenberg
Rudolf II son of Hartmann I
Heinrich I son of Rudolf II; to Alpeck 13221332:
Hartmann II son of Rudolf II; to Vaduz 13221353:
Rudolf IV son of Rudolf II
Johann I son of Rudolf IV; pawned Sargans to Austria 1396
Georg I son of Johann I; in Rzns
Wilhelm I son of Johann I
Hugo son of Johann I
Heinrich II son of Johann I; in Sonnenberg
Rudolf V son of Johann II; in Lwenberg
Wilhelm II son of Heinrich II
Georg II son of Heinrich II; sold county to Switzerland 1483, died 1504
(to Switzerland 1483)
Counts of Werdenberg in Alpeck
Heinrich I son of count Rudolf II of Sargans
Eberhard I son of Heinrich I; to Trochtelfingen :13341383
Rudolf III son of Heinrich I
Heinrich III son of Heinrich II; sold county to Ulm 1383; died 1388
(to Ulm 1383)
Counts of Werdenberg in Trochtelfingen
Eberhard I son of count Heinrich I of Alpeck
Heinrich II son of Eberhard I
Eberhard II son of Eberhard I
:13991416
14161439:
& 14161465
& 14161475
14651500
& 14651503
& 14651508
15001522
& 15001534
& 15001530
15341554
1322:1353:
:13551365:
& :13551397
13971416
House of Brandis
14161456
14561486
14861507
& 14861507
House of Sulz
15071535
15351556
15561569
& 15561572
15721611
16111613
House of Hohenems
16131640
16401646
16461662
16621686
& 16621712
& 16621691
16911712
Eberhard III son of Heinrich II; purchased Sigmaringen 1399

Heinrich III son of Eberhard III
Johann I son of Eberhard III; recovered Heiligenberg
Eberhard IV son of Eberhard III
Georg son of Johann I
Ulrich son of Johann I; in Heiligenberg
Hugo son of Johann I; in Sigmaringen
Johann II son of Georg
Christoph son of Georg
Felix son of Georg
Anna daughter of Christoph
(Sigmaringen to Austria 1554; to Hohenzollern 1534)
Counts of Werdenberg in Vaduz and subsequent Lords of Vaduz
Hartmann II son of count Rudolf II of Sargans
Rudolf III son of Hartmann II
Heinrich son of Hartmann II
Hugo son of count Johann I of Sargans; sold county, died 1421
Wolfhard husband of Verena, daughter of count Albrecht III of Werdenberg; son of
Thring III of Brandis
Ulrich son of Wolfhard
Ludwig son of Ulrich
Sigismund son of Ulrich
Rudolf I son of count Alwig X of Sulz by Verena, daughter of Ulrich
Johann Ludwig son of Rudolf I
Wilhelm son of Johann Ludwig
Alwig son of Johann Ludwig
Rudolf II son of Alwig
Johann son of Rudolf II; sold lordship, died 1617
Kaspar son of count Jakob Hannibal I of Hohenems; married Anna Amalia, daughter
of count Karl Ludwig of Hohenems, son of Alwig
Jakob Hannibal son of Kaspar
Franz Wilhelm I son of Jakob Hannibal
Ferdinand Karl son of Franz Wilhelm I
Jakob Hannibal Friedrich son of Franz Wilhelm I; sold lordship, died 1730
Franz Wilhelm II son of Franz Wilhelm I
Franz Wilhelm III posthumous son of Franz Wilhelm II; sold lordship, died 1759
(to Liechtenstein 1712)
WERL-ARNSBERG
In early times the counts of Werl and Arnsberg controlled much of Westphalia, with their lands extending as
far as the sea. After the apex of the county in the 11th and 12th centuries, the counts holdings decreased after
family partitions and donations to the Church, while other families and institutions were expanding in the
region. What remained of Werl-Arnsberg, which had passed by marriage to the House of Cuyk, was sold to
the archbishopric of Cologne in 1371.

Counts of Werl and Arnsberg
House of Werl
c.960c.985
c.985c.1026
& c.985c.1044
& c.985c.1059
c.1026c.1051
& c.1026?
& c.10261038:
& c.10261066:
c.10441052:
:10701092
10921124
& 10921115
11241154:
& 11241127
House of Cuyk
& :11291168
1168c.1203
c.12031238
12381282
12821313
13131338
13381368
Bernhard I son of (?) count Hermann I of Werl

Hermann II son of Bernhard I
Rudolf son of Bernhard I
Bernhard II son of Bernhard I; in Hoevel
Heinrich I son of Hermann II
Konrad I son of Hermann II
Adalbert son of Hermann II; in Emegau
Bernhard III son of Hermann II
Hermann III son of Rudolf
Konrad II son of Bernhard III
Friedrich I, the Warlike son of Konrad II
Heinrich II son of Konrad II; in Rietberg
Ida daughter of Friedrich I
Gottfried I of Cappenberg husband of Ida; son of count Gottfried I of Cappenberg
Gottfried II of Cuyk married Ida; son of Heinrich I of Cuyk
Heinrich III son of Gottfried II and Ida
Gottfried III son of Heinrich III
Gottfried IV son of Gottfried III
Ludwig son of Gottfried IV
Wilhelm son of Ludwig
Gottfried V son of Wilhelm; abdicated, died 1371
(to Cologne 1368)
WERTHEIM
The Franconian counts of Wertheim were supporters of the Hohenstaufen in the 12th and 13th centuries, and
among the most powerful vassals of the bishop of Wrzburg. Count Rudolf IV acquired Breuburg by marriage,
and his grandsons divided the family possessions into the two lines of Wertheim and Breuburg in 1407. The
territories were reunited by Michael II, but the male line became extinct in 1556, and the county passed to the
House of Stolberg. The death of Ludwig of Stolberg in 1574 led to a disputed succession, but eventually his
daughter Annas husband Ludwig III of Lwenstein asserted his control of Wertheim by 1598.
Counts of Wertheim
House of Wertheim
:11321157:
:11631170:
& :11651183:
:12121237
12371255:
& 12371244:
:1260:1282
& :12601303:
:13061321:
Wolfram count of Wertheim

Gerhard son of (?) Wolfram
Poppo I son of (?) Gerhard; associated by 1165
Poppo II son of Poppo I
Poppo III son of Poppo II
Rudolf I son of Poppo II
Poppo IV son of Poppo III
Rudolf II son of Poppo III
Rudolf III son of Rudolf II; abdicated, died 1348
& :13061355
& :13061329:
13551373
13731407
14071444
& 14071440
14401482
14441454
14541497
14821531
& 14821509
15311556
1556
House of Stolberg
15561557
15571574
Rudolf IV son of Rudolf II

Rudolf V son of Rudolf II
Eberhard son of Rudolf IV
Johann I son of Eberhard
Johann II, the Younger son of Johann I; in Wertheim
Michael I son of Johann I; in Breuberg
Wilhelm son of Michael I; in Breuberg
Georg I son of Johann II; in Wertheim
Johann III, the Canon son of Georg I; in Wertheim
Michael II son of Wilhelm; in Breuberg; Wertheim 1497
Asmus son of Wilhelm; in Freudenberg
+ Georg II son of Michael II; associated 15091530
Michael III son of Georg II
Barbara daughter of Michael III
Katharina widow of Michael III and mother of Barbara; abdicated, died 1600
Ludwig father of Katharina; son of count Botho of Stolberg and Knigstein
(to Lwenstein-Wertheim 1574)
WESTPHALIA (WESTFALEN)
When duke Heinrich III the Lion of Saxony was deposed in 1180, a significant portion of his lands was allotted
to the archbishop of Cologne as the duchy of Westphalia. In 1803, when the archbishopric was secularized,
the duchy passed to Hesse-Darmstadt, and later to Prussia in 1815. The name Westphalia, however, was now
also given to a new kingdom created by the French emperor Napolon I for his brother Jrme, consisting of
Brunswick, Hesse-Cassel, parts of Hanover and Prussia, the bishoprics of Paderborn, Minden, and Mnster,
and various other north German principalities. The kingdom of Westphalia, with its capital at Cassel, lasted
for only just over six years, and its territories were redistributed by the Congress of Vienna in 1815.
King of Westphalia
House of Bonaparte
18071813
Hieronymus Napoleon brother of emperor Napolon I of the French; deposed, died 1860
(dissolution of the kingdom 1813; mostly to Hanover, Hesse-Cassel, and Prussia)
WIED
The Franconian lordship of Wied north of Koblenz on the Rhine passed to the House of Isenburg by
inheritance in 1243, and then, again by inheritance, to the House of Runkel. In 1454 Friedrich I of Runkel
was created count of Wied. His sons Hermann and Friedrich served as archbishop of Kln and bishop of
Mnster, respectively, and Johann IIs son Friedrich also became archbishop of Kln. In the 16th and 17th
centuries the familys possessions were repeatedly subdivided into two portions, Neuwied and Runkel, with the
last division in 1698. The count of Wied-Neuwied was created an imperial prince in 1784, and the count of
Wied-Runkel followed suit in 1791. The creation of the Confederation of the Rhine in 1806 mediatized both
princely lines in favor of Berg and Nassau; the Congress of Vienna in 1815 gave most of the territories to
Prussia, while Nassau kept Runkel and Selters; they passed to Prussia in 1866. In 1914, a descendant of the
mediatized princes of Wied-Neuwied, Wilhelm (son of Wilhelm Adolf, son of Wilhelm Hermann Karl, son of
Johann August Karl), was elected prince of Albania. The list includes only the princely lines of the family.
Counts of Wied
House of Runkel
14541487
14871526
& 14871533
15331535
& 15331581
15811591
& 15811612
15911613
& 15911613
& 15911633
Friedrich I son of Dietrich IV of Runkel by Anastasia of Isenburg, heiress of Wied

Wilhelm III son of Friedrich I
Johann III son of Friedrich I
Philipp son of Johann III
Hermann I son of Johann IV
Wilhelm IV son of Johann IV
Johann Wilhelm son of Hermann I; to Wied-Neuwied 16131633
Hermann II son of Hermann I; to Wied-Runkel 16131631
Philipp Ludwig I son of Hermann I
(division into Wied-Neuwied and Wied-Runkel 1613)
16131633
16331638
16381698
16981737
17371791
17911802
18021806
Counts and Princes of Wied in Neuwied (Lower Wied)

Johann Wilhelm son of count Hermann I of Wied; Wied 15911613
Philipp Ludwig II son of Johann Wilhelm 73
Friedrich son of Hermann II of Wied-Runkel; Wied-Runkel 16311638
Friedrich Wilhelm son of Friedrich
Johann Friedrich Alexander son of Friedrich Wilhelm; prince 1784
Friedrich Karl son of Johann Friedrich Alexander; abdicated, died 1809
Johann August Karl son of Friedrich Karl; mediatized, died 1836
(divided between Berg and Nassau 1806; to Prussia 1815)
16131631
16311640
16401653
16531664
16641693
16991706
17061762
17621791
17911806
Counts and Princes of Wied in Runkel (Upper Wied)

Hermann II son of count Hermann I of Wied; Wied 15911613
Friedrich son of Hermann II; abdicated; to Wied-Neuwied 16381698
Moritz Christian son of Hermann II
Johann Ernst son of Hermann II
Ludwig Friedrich son of Johann Ernst; abdicated, died 1709
Maximilian Heinrich son of Georg Hermann Reinhard, son of Friedrich
Johann Ludwig Adolf son of Maximilian Heinrich; abdicated, died 1762
Christian Ludwig son of Johann Ludwig Adolf; prince 1791
Karl Ludwig Friedrich son of Christian Ludwig; mediatized, died 1824
(divided between Berg and Nassau 1806; to Nassau 1815; to Prussia 1866)
WILDGRAVES, RHINEGRAVES, and RAUGRAVES (WILDGRAFEN,
RHEINGRAFEN und RAUGRAFEN)
Like the counts of neighboring Veldenz, this family descended from the counts of Nahegau. In the early 12th
century count Emicho I of Kyrburg took the unique title wildgrave (Wildgraf) in reference to his forested
territory; the descendants of his eldest son continued using this title. The younger son adopted another unique
title, raugrave (Raugraf), in reference to the rugged terrain of his share of the inheritance. The elder branch
(the wildgraves) divided into two main lines, at Kyrburg and Dhaun, both of which were eventually inherited
by 1408 by the House of Stein, which governed the neighboring small county of Rheingauhence their own
unique title of rhinegrave (Rheingraf). In 1475 the heir to the wildgraviate/rhinegraviate inherited of the
county of Upper Salm. With the union of all these territories in 1476, the rulers titled themselves wildgraves
73
In Austrian captivity 16341637.
and rhinegraves of Salm (see Salm). The younger branch of the Emichonid family (the raugraves) survived in
the male line until 1804. However, after dividing into three branches, they lost most of their lands by pawn or
sale to the electors Palatine in the 14th and 15th centuries. Despite the loss of the family holdings, the later
descendants of this line claimed the titles raugrave and count of Salm. 74
Wildgraves
:11241134: Emicho I son of count Goswin; wildgrave, count of Kyrburg by 1134
:11451170: Konrad I son of Emicho I
& :11451148 Emicho II son of Emicho I; raugrave of Simmern 11481172:
:11721219: Gerhard I son of Konrad I
1219:1263 Konrad II son of Gerhard I
(division into Kyrburg and Dhaun 1263)
12631280:
:12841301
& :12841305
13011308:
13051330
:13231334:
& :13231356
& :13231365
& :13231409
13561385:
& 13561408
12631301
13011309
13091350
Wildgraves of Kyrburg
Emicho III son of wildgrave Konrad II
Gottfried II, Raub son of Emicho III
Konrad III son of Emicho III; in Schmidtburg
Friedrich I son of Gottfried II
Heinrich son of Konrad III; in Schmidtburg
Gottfried III son of Friedrich I
Gerhard II son of Friedrich I
Otto son of Friedrich I; in Dhronecken
Friedrich III son of Gerhard II
Gerhard III son of Gerhard II
(to the rhinegraves of Stein 1408)
Wildgraves of Dhaun
Gottfried I son of wildgrave Konrad II
Konrad III son of Gottfried I
Johann I son of Konrad III
(to the rhinegraves of Stein 1350)
Rhinegraves of Stein, from 1350 Wildgraves and Rhinegraves
House of Stein
:11941220
12201241:
:12501305:
& :12501268:
:12901327
13271333
13331383
13831428
74
75
Wolfram son of Siegfried of Stein by Lukardis, daughter of rhinegrave Embricho I

Embricho III son of Wolfram
Siegfried I son of Embricho III
Werner son of Embricho III
Siegfried II son of Werner
Johann I son of Siegfried II
Johann II son of Johann I by Hedwig, daughter of wildgrave Konrad III of Dhaun;
wildgrave of Dhaun 1350; also inherited of Kyrburg :1323 75
Johann III son of Johann II; inherited remaining of Kyrburg 1408 76
Raugrave Otto had married Marie, daughter of count Heinrich VII of Lower Salm.
Through his wife Margarete, daughter of wildgrave Friedrich I of Kyrburg.
& 13831447
14281476
Friedrich IV son of Johann II

(union with Upper Salm 1476 77)
Raugraves
11481172: Emicho I son of wildgrave Emicho I; count of Baumburg 1148
:11861189: Konrad I son of Emicho I
& :11861201: Emicho II son of Emicho I
1201:1230: Konrad II son of Emicho II
& 1201:1229: Ruprecht I son of Emicho II
& 1201:1232: Gerhard son of Emicho II
(division into lines of Stolzenberg, Neuenbaumburg, and Altenbaumburg 1230s)
:12391279:
:13051309
& :13051327:
13091350
& 13091340
13401341
13501358
House of Bolanden
13581376
13761386
Raugraves in Stolzenberg and Simmern

Georg I son of Konrad III
Konrad IV son of Konrad III
Konrad V, the Younger son of Georg I; in Nannstein 1323
Johann son of Konrad V; in Nannstein
Wilhelm I son of Georg II
Philipp II son of Otto I of Bolanden by Loretta, daughter of Georg I
Konrad VI brother of Philipp II
(to the raugraves in Neuenbaumburg 1386 78)
Raugraves in Altenbaumburg
:12421281 Ruprecht II son of Ruprecht I
12811316: Ruprecht III son of Ruprecht II
& 12811326 Heinrich III, the Elder son of Ruprecht II
13261363: Ruprecht IV son of Heinrich III
:13711385 Heinrich V son of Ruprecht IV
(to the raugraves in Neuenbaumburg :1391 79)
:12421261
12611288
12881306:
& 12881344
13441359
13591397
Raugraves in Neuenbaumburg
Heinrich I son of Ruprecht I
Gottfried son of Heinrich II
Heinrich IV, the Younger son of Heinrich II
Philipp I son of Heinrich IV
Philipp III son of Philipp I; husband of Anna, daughter of Philipp II of Stolzenberg
Through his wife Adelheid, daughter of wildgrave Gerhard III of Kyrburg.

Johann IVs son Johann V had already inherited Upper Salm in 1475.
78 Most of the holdings were already sold to the Palatinate in 1358 (Simmern), 1376, and 1386.
79 Most of the holdings were already pawned to the Palatinate.
76
77
& 13591361:
13971400
14001457
Heinrich VI son of Philipp I

Wilhelm II son of Philipp III
Otto son of Philipp III; sold holdings, died 1464
WINDISCHGRTZ
The Austrian lords of Windischgrtz (or Windisch-Grtz) acquired the barony of Waldstein in Thale in 1551,
the title of count in 1557, and were promoted to imperial counts in 1658. Count Alfred purchased the
imperial lordship of Eglofs in 1804 and was promoted to prince in 1805. A year later the principality was
mediatized in favor of Wrttemberg. The list includes only the princely branch of the family.
Counts and Princes of Windischgrtz
House of Windischgrtz
16581695 Karl Gottlieb I son of count Bartholomus of Windischgrtz; imperial count 1658
16951727 Ernst Friedrich son of Karl Gottlieb I
17271746 Leopold Victorin son of Karl Gottlieb I
17461802 Joseph Nikolaus son of Leopold Karl, son of Leopold Victorin
18021806 Alfred son of Joseph Nikolaus; prince 1805; mediatized, died 1862
WRTTEMBERG
The Swabian lordship of Wrttemberg around Stuttgart became a county in 1241 and was greatly increased in
size by the counts through conquests, marriages, purchases, and imperial grants. In this fashion, the counts of
Wrttemberg obtained Urach, Teck, and Montbliard. The territory was declared indivisible in 1473 and the
emperor promoted the ambitious Eberhard VI to duke in 1495. In the 16th century Wrttemberg suffered
from imperial intervention and controversies surrounding the Reformation, but the dynasty managed to
maintain itself. Unusually for southern Germany, the dynasty adopted the Protestantism. During the
Napoleonic wars Wrttemberg became an electorate in 1803 and then a kingdom in 1806, which controlled
the largest portion of the old duchy of Swabia. The kingdom of Wrttemberg survived a conflict with Prussia
in the 1860s and joined the German Empire in 1871. In 1918 Wilhelm Karl Florestan, son of duke Friedrich
of Urach, son of Wilhelm, son of duke Friedrich II Eugen of Wrttemberg, was briefly king of Lithuania. The
monarchy ended, as elsewhere, in 1918. For the collateral lines of Montbliard and Oels (Olenica), see there.
Counts of Wrttemberg
House of Wrttemberg
1240c.1243 Eberhard I son of lord Ludwig of Wrttemberg
& 12401265 Ulrich I, the Founder brother of Eberhard I; count 1241
12651279 Ulrich II son of Ulrich I
12791325 Eberhard II, the Illustrious son of Ulrich I
13251344 Ulrich III son of Eberhard II
13441392 Eberhard III, the Wrangler son of Ulrich III
& 13441366 Ulrich IV son of Ulrich III
13921417 Eberhard IV, the Mild son of Ulrich, son of Eberhard III
14171419 Eberhard V, the Younger son of Eberhard IV
14191450 Ludwig I son of Eberhard V; in Urach 1441
& 14191480 Ulrich V, the Beloved son of Eberhard V; in Stuttgart 1441
14501457 Ludwig II son of Ludwig I
& 14501495
14801496
14951496
14961498
14981519
15191534
15341550
15501568
15681593
15931608
16081628
16281674
16741677
16771733
17331737
17371793
17931795
17951797
17971803
Erberhard VI, the Bearded son of Ludwig I; duke 14951496

Eberhard VII, the Younger son of Ulrich V; duke 14961498; died 1504
Dukes of Wrttemberg
Eberhard I, the Bearded former count of Wrttemberg 14501495
Eberhard II, the Younger former count of Wrttemberg 14801496; deposed, died 1504
Ulrich son of count Henri of Montbliard, son of Ulrich V; deposed
(to the Empire)
Ulrich restored
Christoph son of Ulrich
Ludwig, the Pious son of Christoph
Friedrich I son of count Georges of Montbliard, brother of Ulrich
Johann Friedrich son of Friedrich I
Eberhard III son of Johann Friedrich
Wilhelm Ludwig son of Eberhard III
Eberhard IV Ludwig son of Wilhelm Ludwig
Karl I Alexander son of duke Friedrich Karl of Winnental, son of Eberhard III
Karl II Eugen son of Karl I
Ludwig Eugen son of Karl I
Friedrich II Eugen son of Karl I
Friedrich III, the Fat son of Friedrich II Eugen; elector 18031805; king 18061816
18031816
18161864
18641891
18911918
Electors and Kings of Wrttemberg

Friedrich I, the Fat former duke of Wrttemberg 1797; elector 1803; king 1806
Wilhelm I son of Friedrich I
Karl I son of Wilhelm I
Wilhelm II son of Friedrich, son of Paul, son of Friedrich I; deposed, died 1921
(to Germany 1918)
16171635
16351651
16511662
16621705
Dukes of Wrttemberg in Weiltingen

Julius Friedrich son of duke Friedrich I of Wrttemberg
Roderich son of Julius Friedrich
Manfred son of Julius Friedrich
Friedrich Ferdinand son of Manfred
16491682
16821716
17161742
Dukes of Wrttemberg in Neustadt

Friedrich son of duke Johann Friedrich of Wrttemberg
+ Ulrich brother of Friedrich; associated in Neuenburg 16491671
Friedrich August son of Friedrich
Karl Rudolf son of Friedrich
WRZBURG
The bishops of Wrzburg controlled a sizeable principality in Eastern Franconia, and from the 15th century
claimed the ducal title. When the bishopric was secularized in 1803, this territory was granted to Bavaria. In
1805 the duchy of Wrzburg was given as compensation to the Habsburg former grand duke of Tuscany, who
had been deprived of Tuscany in 1801 and of Salzburg in 1805. In 1806 he was raised to the rank of grand
duke of Wrzburg, which he retained until the fall of Napolon and an Austro-Bavarian agreement in 1814,
which returned Wrzburg to Bavaria in exchange for Salzburg. The grand duke was restored to Tuscany.
Duke and Grand Duke of Wrzburg
18061814 Ferdinand son of emperor Leopold II; duke; grand-duke 1806; Tuscany 17911801
and 18141824
(to Bavaria 1814)
ZHRINGEN
The House of Zhringen achieved prominence as rulers in Breisgau in the mid-11th century, and in 1061
Berthold the Bearded was invested as duke of Carinthia and margrave of Verona. He lost these titles because
of opposing the emperor in the Investiture Controversy, but his son married the heiress of the Rheinfelden
duke of Swabia, and attempted to assert his rights in Swabia. Finally coming to terms with his Hohenstaufen
rivals and with the emperor, Berthold II was recognized as duke of Zhringen in 1100. In 1127 the duke of
Zhringen was recognized imperial rector in Burgundy, a title retained until the extinction of the ducal line in
1218. The private possessions of the last dukes were divided among his sisters husbands, the counts of Urach
and Kiburg. Possession of Breisgau eventually passed to Austria (contested by Bavaria and France), and in 1803
a duchy of Breisgau was created to compensate Ercole III dEste of Modena and his son-in-law Ferdinand of
Habsburg-Lorraine for the loss of their Italian territories. This short-lived state was quickly divided between
Bade and Wrttemberg in 1805, before passing to Bade in its entirety in 1810.
Counts and Dukes of Zhringen
House of Zhringen
10611078 Berthold I, the Bearded son of count Berthold III of Breisgau; duke of Carinthia 10611072,
margrave of Verona 10611077
10781111 Berthold II son of Berthold I; rival duke of Swabia 10921098; duke of Zhringen
1100; married Agnes, daughter of duke Rudolf I of Swabia
11111122 Berthold III son of Berthold II
11221152 Konrad son of Berthold II
11521186 Berthold IV son of Konrad
11861218 Berthold V son of Berthold IV
12181803 (divided between Kiburg and Urach-Freiburg 1218; to Habsburg Austria 1368; Bavaria 1644;
to France 1677; to Austria 1697; to France 1713; to Austria 1714; to France 1744; to
Austria 1748; to France 1801)
Dukes of Breisgau
House of Este
1803 Herkules (Ercole III) son of duke Francesco III of Modena; Modena 17801796 80
18031805 Ferdinand son of emperor Franz I; duke of Breisgau as husband of Maria Beatrice,
daughter of Herkules; abdicated, died 1806
(divided between Bade and Wrttemberg 1805; to Bade 1810)
Ercole III was compensated with Breisgau, including Freiburg, in exchange for his duchy of Modena in 1801,
but the area remained occupied by the French until his death in 1803.
80
ZTPHEN
The lordship of Ztphen, a vassal of Lower Lorraine, passed from one leading German family to another, until
the mid-11th century. In 1046 it was granted to Godschalk of Twente as vassal of the bishop of Utrecht. In
1101 lord Otto II was raised to the status of count. In 1138 countess Ermgard was succeeded by her son, count
Heinrich of Guelders, and Ztphen remained united with Guelders for centuries. When Guelders split up in
1581, Ztphen passed to the independent Netherlands.
Lords and Counts of Ztphen
10181025 Otto I son of count Heribert of Wetterau, son of count Udo, son of duke Gebhard of
Lorraine; abdicated, died 1036
10251031 Liudolf husband of Mathilda, daughter of Otto I; son of count palatine Ezzo
10311033 Hendrik I, the Old son of Liudolf
10331042 Koenraad I son of Liudolf; deposed; duke of Bavaria 10491053; died 1055
House of Verdun
10421044 Gozelo, the Great brother of Ermgard, widow of Otto I; son of vice-duke Gottfried II
of Lower Lorraine; Lower Lorraine 10231044
10441046 Godfried, the Bearded son of Gozelo; deposed; also Upper Lorraine; Lower Lorraine 10651069
House of Twente
10461063 Godschalk husband of Adelheid, daughter of Liudolf; son of count Hermann II of Nifterlake
10631113 Otto II, the Rich son of Gottschalk; count 1101
11131127 Hendrik II, the Elder son of Otto II
11271138 Ermgard daughter of Otto II
& 11271131 Gerard, the Tall of Guelders husband of Ermgard; son of count Gerhard I of Guelders
& :11341136 Koenraad II of Luxembourg married Ermgard; son of count Wilhelm I of Luxembourg
(to Guelders 1138; to the Spanish Netherlands 1549; to the independent Netherlands 1581)
ZWEIBRCKEN
In c.1193 count Heinrich of Saarbrcken took Zweibrcken as his share of his fathers inheritance by partition
with his brother. His grandsons divided their possessions again in 1297, with Zweibrcken retained by
Walram I, while Bitsch passed to his brother Eberhard I, and Eberstein to the sons of their deceased brother
Simon. In 1385 Eberhard II sold of Zweibrcken to the Palatinate, which took possession of the rest of the
county on his death in 1394. From 1410 to 1799 Zweibrcken was ruled by its own branch of the Wittelsbach
House of the Palatinate. It passed to France in 1801, but was recovered by Bavaria in 1815. The rulers of
Eberstein and Bitsch also used the title count of Zweibrcken. The counts of Zweibrcken-Bitsch became
extinct in the male line in 1570, and through Jakobs daughter Ludovica Margaretha a share of the family lands
passed to her son, Johann Reinhard I of Hanau-Lichtenberg.
Counts of Zweibrcken
Luxembourg House of Saarbrcken
c.11931228 Heinrich I son of count Simon I of Saarbrcken; Saarbrcken c.1183c.1193
12281282 Heinrich II, the Warlike son of Heinrich I
12821297 Eberhard I son of Heinrich II; to Bitsch 1297c.1321
& 12821308 Walram I son of Heinrich II
13081312 Simon son of Walram I
13121366 Walram II son of Simon
13661394
1297c.1321
c.13211355
13551400
1400c.1418
& 14001407
c.14181420:
& c.14181474
14741499
14991532
15321540
15401570
Eberhard son of Walram II

Counts of Zweibrcken in Bitsch
Eberhard I son of count Heinrich II of Zweibrcken; Zweibrcken 12821297
Simon I son of Eberhard I
Johann I (Hanemann) son of Simon I
Johann II (Hanemann) son of Johann I
Simon II Wecker son of Johann I
Simon III son of Johann II
Friedrich son of Johann II
Simon IV Wecker son of Friedrich; inherited Lichtenberg
Reinhard son of Simon IV Wecker
Simon V Wecker son of Reinhard
Jakob son of Reinhard; purchased Ochsenstein 1543
(to Hanau-Lichtenberg 1570)
ADDENDA: CITIES AND BISHOPS, ARCHBISHOP-ELECTORS OF MAINZ, COLOGNE, & TRIER

The lists above treat secular monarchs of various ranks who ruled polities within the Holy Roman Empire
during the medieval and modern periods. But the Empire also included free imperial cities that enjoyed
autonomy from local feudal and ecclesiastical princes and were (theoretically) subject only to the emperor
himself. This status was conferred gradually to many of the leading urban and commercial centers, like Bremen,
Lbeck, and Nrnberg; the establishment of a free imperial city would force even the most powerful prelates to
give up on their attempts to control the very towns to which they owed their titles, as at Cologne, Mainz, and
Augsburg. While the Holy Roman Empire and the German kingdom did not have a permanent, fully-fledged
capital in the modern sense of the word, this function was largely fulfilled by Frankfurt. An old royal residence,
this was the traditional setting for royal elections, and also the place of royal and imperial coronations from the
16th century. Other cities were not lagging far behind: Aachen was the earlier traditional coronation site, and
Nrnberg, Regensburg, and Augsburg the usual places for convening the imperial diets (assemblies). Mainz was
the most prestigious religious center, since its archbishop enjoyed the status of primate of the German clergy.
The vast majority of imperial cities were mediatized in 1803 and allotted to the neighboring principalities.
The close cooperation between church and state in the early medieval period, and the great dependency of
the state administration (such as it was) on the church and clerics resulted in the endowment and investment of
religious institutions with fiefs and estates. This included not only archbishoprics and bishoprics, but even
abbeys. Indeed ecclesiastical principalities were more common and widespread in the Holy Roman Empire than
in any other part of Europe. Some of these principalities compared favorably with most of the secular polities
within the Empire: for example those of Utrecht, Lige (Lttich), Bremen, Magdeburg, Bamberg, Wrzburg,
Augsburg, Salzburg, Aquileia, Trento (Trient), and Basel. Most renowned were naturally the archbishops of
Mainz, Cologne, and Trier, who served as three of the electors of the Holy Roman Empire. The high clergy,
vested as it was with both religious authority and secular power, naturally became effectively monopolized by
noble families of various ranks. For this reason, the archbishops of the three ecclesiastical electorates who
officiated between the accession of Pippin the Short in 751 and the general secularization of ecclesiastical
principalities in 1802 are listed below.
MAINZ
The bishop of Mainz was promoted to archbishop in 747. By the 14th century he had acquired primacy over all
his peers within the Empire, serving as imperial elector, arch-chancellor of Germany, president of the electoral
college, and primate of the German clergy. Since the 12th century the archbishops resided in Aschaffenburg
instead of Mainz. In 1801 the archbishoprics holdings west of the Rhine (including Mainz itself) were lost to
France, Mainz was demoted to a mere bishopric, and the archbishopric was transferred to Regensburg (see
Dalberg). Shorn of much of its possessions east of the Rhine by the secularization of 1803, the remainder of
the archbishopric were reconstituted as the principality of Aschaffenburg and turned over to the former
archbishop of Mainz, Karl Theodor of Dalberg. After the collapse of the Napoleonic order in Germany Mainz
passed to Hesse-Darmstadt.
745754
755786
787813
813825
826847
847856
856863
863889
889891
891913
913927
927937
937954
954968
968970
970975
9751011
10111021
10211031
10311051
10511059
10601084
10841088
10881109
11111137
11381141
11411142
11421153
11531160
1160
11601161
11611165
11651183
11831200
Archbishops of Mainz
Bonifatius 81
Lullus 82
Richulf
Haistulf
Otgar kinsman of Richulf
Rabanus, Maurus 83 son of Walram
Karl son of king Ppin I of Aquitaine
Liutbert arch-chancellor
Sunderold
Hatto I
Heriger arch-chancellor
Hildebert
Friedrich
Wilhelm bastard son of emperor Otto I; arch-chancellor (office retained by successors)
Hatto II
Ruprecht
Willigis 84
Erkanbald son of count Altmann of lsburg
Aribo son of count palatine Aribo I of Bavaria
Bardo 85 son of count Adalbero/Bardo
Leopold I of Bogen son of margrave Leopold I of Austria
Siegfried I son of count Siegfried of Knigssondergau
Wezilo
Ruthard
Adalbert I son of count Sigebert of Saarbrcken
Adalbert II son of count Friedrich I of Saarbrcken, brother of Adalbert I
Markolf
Heinrich I of Harburg
Arnold of Selenhofen
Rudolf of Zhringen son of duke Konrad of Zhringen; deposed, died 1191
Christian I of Buch rival archbishop since 1160; deposed
Konrad I of Wittelsbach son of count palatine Otto II of Bavaria; deposed
Christian I of Buch restored
Konrad I of Wittelsbach restored
Originally named Winfried, canonized as saint.

Canonized as saint in 852.
83 Beatified or canonized as saint.
84 Canonized as saint.
81
82
12001208
12081230
12301249
12491251
12511259
12591284
12861288
12881305
13061320
13211328
13281337
13281346
13461371
13711373
13741381
13811390
13901396
13961397
13971419
14191434
14341459
14591461
14611475
14751482
14821484
14841504
15041508
15081514
15141545
15451555
15551582
15821601
16011604
16041626
16261629
16291647
16471673
Leopold II of Schnfeld deposed, died 1217

Siegfried II of Eppstein son of Gerhard I of Eppstein; rival archbishop since 1200
Siegfried III of Eppstein son of Gottfried I of Eppstein, brother of Siegfried II
Christian II of Bolanden son of count Werner II of Bolanden; deposed, died 1253
Gerhard I of Dhaun son of wildgrave Konrad II of Dhaun, son of wildgrave Gerhard I by
Agnes of Wittelsbach, daughter of count palatine Otto IV of Bavaria, brother of Konrad I
Werner of Eppstein son of Gerhard II of Eppstein, brother of Siegfried III
Heinrich II of Isny
Gerhard II of Eppstein son of Gottfried II of Eppstein, brother of Siegfried III
Peter of Aspelt
Matthias of Buchegg son of count Heinrich of Buchegg
(regency of Balduin, archbishop of Trier; son of count Henri VI of Luxembourg; died 1354)
Heinrich III of Virneburg son of count Ruprecht II of Virneburg, brother of
archbishop Heinrich II of Cologne; deposed, died 1353
Gerlach of Nassau son of count Gerlach I of Nassau-Wiesbaden, son of king Adolf of
Germany; elector from 1356
Johann I of Luxemburg son of count Jean of Luxemburg-Ligny
Ludwig of Meissen son of margrave Friedrich II of Meissen; abdicated, died 1382
Adolf I of Nassau son of count Adolf I of Nassau-Wiesbaden-Idstein, brother of Gerlach
Konrad II of Weinsberg son of Engelhard VI of Weinsberg
Gottfried of Leiningen son of count Emich VI of Leiningen-Dagsburg; deposed, died 1409
Johann II of Nassau brother of Adolf I
Konrad III of Dhaun son of wildgrave/rhinegrave Johann II
Dietrich Schenk von Erbach son of Eberhard X Schenk von Erbach
Diether of Isenburg son of count Diether I of Isenburg-Bdingen; deposed
Adolf II of Nassau son of count Adolf II of Nassau-Wiesbaden-Idstein, son of count
Walram II, brother of Adolf I
Diether of Isenburg restored
(regency of Adalbert III, son of elector Ernst of Saxony)
Berthold of Henneberg son of count Georg I of Henneberg-Rmhild by Johanna of
Nassau-Weilburg, daughter of count Philipp I of Nassau-Weilburg, son of Johann I,
brother of Gerlach
Jakob of Liebenstein son of Peter II of Liebenstein
Uriel of Gemmingen son of Hans of Gemmingen
Albrecht of Brandenburg son of elector Johann of Brandenburg
Sebastian of Heusenstamm son of Martin I of Heusenstamm
Daniel Brendel von Homburg son of Friedrich Brendel von Homburg
Wolfgang of Dalberg son of Friedrich of Dalberg
Johann Adam of Bicken son of Philipp of Bicken by Anna Brendel von Homburg,
sister of Daniel 86
Johann Schweikhard von Kronberg son of Hartmut XIII of Kronberg
Georg Friedrich of Greiffenclau son of Dietrich of Greiffenclau-Vollrads, son of
Richard, son of Friedrich, brother of archbishop Richard of Trier
Anselm Casimir Wambolt von Umstadt son of Eberhard Wambolt von Umstadt
Johann Philipp of Schnborn son of Georg of Schnborn
However, W. Mller, Stamm-Tafeln westdeutscher Adels-Geschlechter im Mittelalter, IV (Darmstadt, 1951): 58,

has Johann Adam as the son of Konrad V of Bicken.
86
16731675
16751678
1679
16791695
16951729
17291732
17321743
17431763
17631774
17741802
18021803
Lothar Friedrich of Metternich son of Gerhard of Metternich-Burscheid

Damian Hartard of Leyen brother of archbishop Karl Kaspar of Trier
Karl Heinrich of Metternich son of Wilhelm of Metternich-Winneburg, son of Johann
Dietrich, brother of archbishop Lothar of Trier
Anselm Franz of Ingelheim son of Georg Hans of Ingelheim
Lothar Franz of Schnborn son of Philipp Erwein of Schnborn, brother of Johann Philipp,
by Maria Ursula, daughter of Heinrich of Greiffenclau, brother of Georg Friedrich
Franz Ludwig of the Palatinate son of elector Philipp Wilhelm of the Palatinate; Trier
17161729
Philipp Karl of Eltz son of Johann Jakob of Eltz, son of Johann Anton, son of Johann
Reichard, son of Georg, brother of archbishop Jakob III of Trier
Johann Friedrich Karl of Ostein son of Johann Franz Sebastian of Ostein by Anna
Karolina Maria of Schnborn, sister of archbishop Franz Georg of Trier
Emmerich Joseph of Breidbach son of Ferdinand Damian of Breidbach-Brresheim
Friedrich Karl Joseph of Erthal son of Philipp Christoph of Erthal
Karl Theodor of Dalberg son of Franz Heinrich of Dalberg, son of Wolff Eberhard by
Anna Maria, daughter of Johann Erwein of Greiffenclau, son of Georg Philipp, son of
Heinrich, brother of Georg Friedrich; elector of Regensburg 18031810, grand duke
of Frankfurt 18101813, died 1817
(partly to France 1801; remainder divided between Prussia, Hesse-Cassel, HesseDarmstadt, Nassau-Usingen, Lwenstein-Wertheim, Hohenlohe, Isenburg, Linange,
Salm-Reifferscheidt, and Dalberg 1803; Mainz to Hesse-Darmstadt 1815)
COLOGNE (KLN)
The bishopric of Cologne was raised to archbishopric in 795. By the 14th century the archsbihop was serving as
an imperial elector and as arch-chancellor of Italy. In addition to other widespread landholdings, the
archbishop was invested with the duchy of Westphalia, carved out of the old duchy of Saxony, in 1180. In
1801 the archbishoprics lands west of the Rhine were annexed by France; the remainder was secularized in
1803 and divided among secular principalities. In 1815 the entire territory of the former archbishopric passed
to Prussia.
750753
753763
763782
782818
819841
842
842849
850863
864866
866870
870889
890924
924953
Archbishops of Cologne
Hildegar
Berethelm
Richulf
Hildebold archbishop from 795
Hadebald
Liutbert
Hilduin
Gnther son of count Gerulf I of West Frisia; deposed
Hugo I, the Abbot son of count Conrad I of Auxerre; deposed, died 886
Gnther restored; abdicated, died 873
Willibert
Hermann I son of count Erenfried I of Bliesgau by Adelgonde, daughter of count
Conrad II of Auxerre, brother of Hugo I
Wigfried son of count Gerhard of Metzgau by Oda, daughter of duke Otto I of Saxony
953965
965969
969976
976985
984999
9991021
10211036
10361056
10561075
10761078
10791089
10891099
11001131
11311137
1137
11371151
11511156
11561158
11591167
11671191
11911193
11931205
12051208
12081212
12121216
12161225
12251238
12381261
12611274
12751297
12971304
13041332
13321349
13491362
13621363
13631364
Bruno I 87 son of king Heinrich I of Germany, brother of Wigfrieds mother Oda

Volkmar son of (?) count Friedrich II of Harzgau
Gero son of (?) margrave Christian of Thuringia
Warin
Everger
Heribert 88 son of count Hugo of Wormsgau
Pilgrim son of count Chadalo of Isengau, brother of Aribo of Mainz; arch-chancellor of
Italy from 1031
Hermann II son of count palatine Erenfried of Lorraine by Mathilde, daughter of
emperor Otto II
Anno II of Steulingen 89 son of Walter of Steulingen
Hildolf
Sigewin, the Pious
Hermann III, the Rich, of Cleves brother of count Gerhard I of Hochstaden
Friedrich I of Schwarzenburg son of count Berthold I of Schwarzenburg
Bruno II of Berg son of count Adolf I of Berg
Hugo II of Sponheim son of count Stephan II of Sponheim
Arnold I of Randerath son of Harper I of Randerath
Arnold II of Wied son of count Metfried of Wied
Friedrich II of Berg son of count Adolf II of Berg, brother of Bruno II
Rainald of Dassel son of count Rainald I of Dassel
Philipp I of Heinsberg son of Goswin II of Heinsberg; duke of Westphalia 1180
Bruno III of Berg brother of Friedrich II; abdicated, died c.1200
Adolf I of Berg son of count Eberhard I of Altena, brother of Bruno III; deposed
Bruno IV of Sayn son of count Eberhard I of Sayn
Dietrich I of Hengebach ... deposed, died c.1224
Adolf I of Berg restored; deposed, died 1220
Engelbert I of Berg 90 son of count Engelbert I of Berg, brother of Bruno III
Heinrich I of Mllenark
Konrad I of Hochstaden son of count Lothar I of Are-Hochstaden, son of count
Dietrich, son of count Otto of Are by Adelheid, daughter of count Gerhard II of
Hochstaden, brother of Hermann III
Engelbert II of Heinsberg son of count Dietrich I of Heinsberg, son of count Arnold
by Adelheid, daughter of Gottfried, brother of Philipp I
Siegfried of Westerburg son of Siegfried IV of Westerburg-Runkel
Wigbold of Holte
Heinrich II of Virneburg son of count Heinrich of Virneburg
Walram of Jlich son of count Gerhard V of Jlich
Wilhelm of Gennep
Johann of Virneburg son of count Ruprecht III of Virneburg (by Agnes of Westerburg,
daughter of Heinrich I of Westerburg-Runkel, brother of Siegfried), son of Ruprecht II,
brother of Heinrich II; deposed, died 1371
Adolf II of Mark son of count Adolf II of Mark, brother of Engelbert III (below);
Canonized as saint.
Canonized as saint c.1074.
89 Canonized as saint 1183.
87
88
13641368
13681370
13701414
14141463
14631480
14801508
15081515
15151546
15471556
15561558
15581562
15621567
15671577
15771582
15831612
16121650
16501688
16881723
17231761
17611784
17841801
18011803
Engelbert III of Mark son of count Engelbert II of Mark

(regency of Kuno, son of Kuno I of Falkenstein-Mnzenberg; Trier 13621388)
Friedrich III of Saarwerden son of count Johann II of Saarwerden, son of count
Friedrich II, brother of Johanna, mother of Kuno
Dietrich II of Mrs son of count Friedrich III of Mrs by Walburga, sister of Friedrich III
Ruprecht of the Palatinate son of elector Ludwig III of the Palatinate; in Burgundian
captivity from 1478
Hermann IV, the Pacific, of Hesse son of landgrave Ludwig II of Hesse; regent since 1478
Philipp II of Daun son of Wilrich IV of Daun-Oberstein
Hermann V of Wied son of count Friedrich I of Wied; deposed, died 1552
Adolf III of Schaumburg son of count Jobst I of Schaumburg-Holstein-Pinneberg; regent
since 1546
Anton of Schaumburg brother of Adolf III
Johann Gebhard of Mansfeld son of count Ernst II of Mansfeld-Vorderort
Friedrich IV of Wied son of count Johann III of Wied, brother of Hermann V; abdicated,
died 1568
Salentin of Isenburg son of count Heinrich of Isenburg-Grenzau, brother of archbishop
Johann V of Trier; abdicated, died 1610
Gebhard of Waldburg son of count Wilhelm of Waldburg-Trauchburg; deposed, died 1601
Ernst of Bavaria son of duke Albrecht V of Bavaria
Ferdinand of Bavaria son of duke Wilhelm V of Bavaria, brother of Ernst
Maximilian Heinrich of Bavaria son of landgrave Albrecht II of Leuchtenberg, brother
of Ferdinand
Joseph Clemens of Bavaria son of elector Ferdinand Maria of Bavaria, son of elector
Maximilian I, brother of Ferdinand
Clemens August of Bavaria son of elector Maximilian II of Bavaria, brother of Joseph Clemens
Maximilian Friedrich of Knigsegg son of count Albert Eusebius Franz of KnigseggRothenfels
Maximilian Franz of Austria son of emperor Franz I
Anton Viktor of Austria son of emperor Leopold II, brother of Maximilian Franz; deposed,
died 1835
(partly to France 1801; remainder divided between Nassau-Usingen, Wied, Arenberg, and
Hesse-Darmstadt 1803; to Prussia 1815)
TRIER
Trier became a major Christian center in the 4th century as the capital of the Roman prefecture of the Gauls;
its bishop was quickly raised to the rank of archbishop. By the 14th century the archbishop of Trier served as
imperial elector and arch-chancellor of Burgundy. The archbishops resided at Koblenz. In 1801 the
archbishoprics lands west of the Rhine were annexed by France, and in 1803 the remainder was secularized; in
1815 most of it was turned over to Prussia.
671697
697718
718758
758791
791804
804809
Archbishops of Trier
Basinus abdicated, died 706
Liutwin son of count Gerwin by Gunza, sister of Basinus
Milo son of Liutwin
Wermad
Richbod
Wizzo
809814
814847
847868
869883
883915
915930
930956
956964
965977
977993
9941008
1008
10081015
10161047
10471066
1066
10661078
10791101
11021124
11241127
11271130
11311152
11521169
11691183
11831189
11891212
12121242
12421259
12601286
12861299
13001307
13071354
13541361
13621388
13881418
14181430
14301439
14391456
14561503
15031511
15111531
Amalhar
Hetti
Dietgold nephew of Hetti
Bertulf son of count Gebhard of Lahngau
Radbod
Ruotgar
Ruotbert
Heinrich I son of count Heinrich of Babenberg
Dietrich I
Egbert son of count Dirk II of Holland
Liudolf
Adalbero I of Luxembourg son of count Siegfried of Luxembourg; deposed, died 1037
Megingod
Poppo of Babenberg son of margrave Leopold I of Austria
Eberhard son of count Hezzelin
Kuno I of Pfullingen son of Eilolf of Pfullingen by Hazzecha of Steulingen, sister of
archbishop Anno II of Cologne
Udo of Nellenburg son of count Eberhard I of Nellenburg
Engelbert of Rothenburg
Bruno of Lauffen son of count Arnold of Lauffen by Adelheid of Nellenburg, sister of Udo
Gottfried of Falmagne
Meginher of Vianden
Adalbero II of Montreuil
Hillin of Falmagne
Arnold I of Valcourt
Vollmar of Karden
Rudolf of Wied rival 11831189
Johann I
Dietrich II of Wied son of count Dietrich I of Wied
Arnold II of Isenburg son of Bruno I of Isenburg-Braunsberg by Theodora of Wied,
sister of Dietrich II; arch-chancellor of Burgundy from 1242
Heinrich II of Finstingen son of Merbodo II of Malberg
Bohemund I of Warnesberg son of Isenbard of Warnesberg
Diether III of Nassau son of count Walram II of Nassau; brother of king Adolf of Germany
Balduin of Luxembourg son of count Heinrich VI of Luxembourg; brother of emperor
Heinrich VII
Bohemund II of Saarbrcken son of Gottfried of Warnesberg; elector from 1356
Kuno II of Falkenstein son of Kuno I of Falkenstein-Mnzenberg; Cologne 13681370
Werner of Falkenstein son of Philipp VI of Falkenstein by Agnes, daughter of
Philipp V of Falkenstein, brother of Kuno II
Otto of Ziegenhain son of count Gottfried VIII of Ziegenhain, son of count Gottfried
VII by Agnes, sister of Kuno II
Raban of Helmstatt son of Weiprecht I of Helmstatt
Jakob I of Sierck son of Arnold of Sierck
Johann II of Bade son of margrave Jakob I of Bade
Jakob II of Bade son of margrave Christoph I of Bade, son of margrave Karl I, brother of
Johann II
Richard of Greiffenclau son of Johann I of Greiffenclau-Vollrads
15311540
15401547
15471556
15561567
15671581
15811599
15991623
16231652
16521676
16761711
17111715
17161729
17291756
17561768
17681803
Johann III of Metzenhausen son of Heinrich of Metzenhausen

Johann IV of Hagen son of Friedrich of Hagen by Sophia of Greiffenclau, daughter of
Friedrich, brother of Johann I, father of Richard
Johann V of Isenburg son of count Gerlach IV of Isenburg-Grenzau
Johann VI of Leyen son of Batholomus of Leyen
Jakob III of Eltz son of Johann V of Eltz
Johann VII of Schnenberg son of Johann of Schnenberg
Lothar of Metternich son of Johann of Metternich by Katharina, sister of Johann VI
Philipp Christoph of Stern son of Georg Wilhelm of Stern
Karl Kaspar of Leyen son of Damian of Leyen, son of Michael, brother of Johann VI
Johann VIII Hugo of Orsbeck son of Wilhelm of Orsbeck by Maria Katharina, sister
of Karl Kaspar
Karl Joseph of Lorraine son of duke Charles V of Lorraine
Franz Ludwig of the Palatinate son of elector Philipp Wilhelm of the Palatinate;
Mainz 17291732
Franz Georg of Schnborn son of count Melchior Friedrich of Schnborn, brother of
archbishop Lothar Franz of Mainz
Johann IX Philipp of Walderdorff son of Karl Lothar of Walderdorff
Clemens Wenzeslaus of Saxony son of elector Friedrich August II of Saxony; deposed,
died 1812
(to France 1801; remainder to Nassau-Weilburg and others 1803; divided between
Prussia, Oldenburg, Hesse-Homburg, and Saxe-Coburg 1815)

Rulers of Germany

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Rulers of Germany

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I.

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GERMANY (DEUTSCHLAND) AND HOLY ROMAN EMPIRE (HEILIGES RMISCHES REICH)

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11051125 Heinrich V son of Heinrich IV; associated 1099; emperor 1111

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Wittelsbach House of the Palatinate

Friedrich III as emperor, Friedrich IV as king.

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Protector of the Confederation of the Rhine (Rheinbund)

Presidents of the German Confederation (Deutscher Bund)

President of the North German Confederation (Norddeutscher Bund)

Princes of Anhalt in Ascherleben

The numbering includes kings Friedrich I and Friedrich II of Prussia.

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Princes and dukes of Anhalt in Bernburg

Princes of Anhalt in Harzgerode

Princes of Anhalt in Hoym

Princes and dukes of Anhalt in Kthen

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Waldemar III son of Johann I

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Albrecht V son of Siegmund I; to Anhalt-Kthen 14141469

Princes of Anhalt in Wrlitz

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Princes of Anhalt in Pltzkau

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Dietrich II son of Christoph II of Auersperg; count 1630

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Rudolf IV son of Hermann VII; in Pforzheim

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Philibert son of Bernhard III

Margraves of Bade in Durlach

Electors and Grand Dukes of Bade

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Counts and Dukes of Bar

Frdric I son of count palatine Wigerich of Lorraine; Upper Lorraine 959978

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Canonized as saint 1146.

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Hohenstaufen House of Swabia

Dukes in Upper Bavaria

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of the Palatinate, son of Adolf, son of duke Rudolf of Upper Bavaria

Luitpold was regent of Bavaria 18861912.

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+ Konrad Gumprecht son of Arnold II; in Hohenlimburg 16061619

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Counts of Manderscheid in Gerolstein

Lambert I, the Bearded son of count Rgnier III of Hainault

Originally named Balderich.

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Albrecht II son of Otto I

Wittelsbach Margraves and Electors of Brandenburg

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Johann, Cicero son of Albrecht I

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Georg, the Pious son of Friedrich I

Heinrich I, the Lion son of duke Heinrich II of Saxony; Saxony 11421180

Dukes of Brunswick-Lneburg in Brunswick (Brunswick-Wolfenbttel)