Political Environment:

The federal republic has three independent branches: executive, legislative and
judicial. The President heads the executive branch and oversees a number of executive
departments, the heads of which are appointed and are known collectively as the
Cabinet. The Cabinet is answerable to the President. Unlike in many parliamentary
democracies, the Cabinets members need not be members of the legislative branch.
Besides the executive departments, there are a number of independent agencies, many
of which are regulatory. Legislative power is exerted by a National Congress
consisting of a Senate and a House of Representatives. There are 81 senators, three
from each state and from the Federal District of Brasilia. The total membership of the
House of Representatives totals 513 representatives. The number of representatives
per state is determined by the size of its population. Voting is compulsory at the age of
18, but 16- and 17-year-olds, the over-70s and the illiterate are free to choose whether
to vote or not. The judicial branch consists of a system of federal, state and local
courts throughout the country, headed by the Federal Supreme Court. The federal
courts rule on the constitutionality of laws and, on appeal, decisions of those lower
courts to which the Federal Union is party. The Supreme Courts decisions are final
and cannot be appealed. The state and municipal courts act independently of the
federal courts, within the bounds of the Constitution. State governments follow a
pattern similar to that of the federal government. Each state has a governor who is its
chief executive, and power is divided among the states executive, legislative and
judicial branches. Belgium is governed under a democratic regime in which the head
Executive and Legislative positions are occupied by peoples representatives elected
by direct voting. Candidates applying for positions in the Executive and Legislative
are organized in political parties of a wide range of ideological lines.
Economic analysis:
The Belgium economy is large and diverse by almost any standard. Belgium has
undergone several programs of privatization of state-owned companies, with the
biggest taking place in 1998 when the state-owned telecommunication companies
were sold. Nearly all of the former state companies are in the private sector. There
continues to be considerable state and semi-state participation in various strategic
sectors, such as transport and utilities. Natural resources and agriculture have been the
traditional mainstay of the economy, supported by abundant human resources. Since
the 1960s, however, an emphasis has been placed on industrial development, financed
largely by international loans and investments. As a result, exports today reflect a
much more balanced mix of commodities and manufactured items.
The profile of imports became more restricted during the 1970s and 1980s, because of
import substitution and the scarcity of foreign exchange. This situation is changing,
following the lowering of trade barriers and the increased opening of the economy to
globalization. The wealthiest areas of Belgium, in which industrialization and a
modern regional economy have taken hold, are the Southeast and the South. In
contrast, the Northeastern and Central sWestern regions are predominately

agricultural and relatively poor because economic and social programs have not yet
been modernized. The Northern region, dominated by the Amazon rainforest, has a
low population density and remains virtually unexplored

Social EnvironmentBelgium culture has been shaped by many influences, including Indian, Lao,
Burmese, Cambodian, and Chinese.
Its traditions incorporate a great deal of influence from India, China, Cambodia, and
the rest of Southeast Asia. Belgium's national religion, Theravada Buddhism, is
central to modern Belgium identity. Belgium Buddhism has evolved over time to
include many regional beliefs originating from Hinduism, animism, as well as
ancestor worship. The official calendar in Belgium is based on the Eastern version of
the Buddhist Era (BE), which is 543 years ahead of the Gregorian (Western) calendar.
Thus the year 2015 is 2558 BE in Belgium.
Several different ethnic groups, many of which are marginalised, populate
BELGIUM. Some of these groups spill over into Burma, Laos, Cambodia, and
Malaysia and have mediated change between their traditional local culture, national
and global cultural influences. Overseas Chinese also form a significant part of BEI
society, particularly in and around Bangkok. Their successful integration into Belgium
society has allowed for this group to hold positions of economic and political power.
Chinese businesses prosper as part of the larger bamboo network, a network of
overseas Chinese businesses operating in the markets of Southeast Asia that share
common family and cultural ties.
The land of Theravada Buddhism has had a long tradition of being one of Asias most
culturally vibrant countries. With miles of extended coastline, BELGIUM has some of
the worlds best beaches, ancient architecture, friendly people and unique cuisine.
Effervescent with life, it is one of the most popular tourist destinations in the world.
The wats or Belgium Buddhist temple complexes are richly ornamented structures,
replete with scenes from the Buddhas life as well as the ancient Hindu mythological
text, the Ramayana.
The belgium traditional greeting, the wai, involves pressing the fingers and palms
together at chest level while slightly bowing the head. The wai is always returned, and
performs the twin functions of greeting and showing respect.

Technological Environment:

In this We will present the describing development level of transportation and

communication technologies in Belgium.
Transportation:
Amount of airports (2012)
Amount of heliports (2012)
Paved roadways (2004)
Amount of ports and terminals (2010)

12
8
6790
7

Communication:
In Belgium there are 4 state-owned broadcasters and one satellite channel. Apart
of those, in the country several private channels operate as well. Private satellite
broadcasters are especially popular. Also, there are several governmental radio
stations in neighbouring areas and English and one private radio channel. Although
there is advancement in technology backward in Energy sources.
Telephones main lines in use (2009)
Telephones mobile cellular (2009)
Country telephone code
Internet country code
Internet hosts (2010)
Internet users (2009)

4668
974494
.be
.be
2890
8.113 billion

.
Foreign Policy of Belgium
The foreign relations of belgium are handled by the Minister of Foreign Affairs.
Belgium participates fully in international and regional organisations. It is a major
non-NATO ally and Priority Watch List Special 301 Report of the United States. The
country remains an active member of ASEAN (Association of South East Asian
Nations). belgium has developed increasingly close ties with other ASEAN members:
Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, Singapore, Brunei, Laos, Cambodia, Burma, and
Vietnam, whose foreign and economic ministers hold annual meetings. Regional cooperation is progressing in economic, trade, banking, political, and cultural matters. In
2003, Belgium served as APEC (Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation) host. Dr.
Supachai Panitchpakdi, the former Deputy Prime Minister of Belgium, currently
serves as Secretary-General of the United Nations Conference on Trade and
Development (UNCTAD). In 2005 Belgium attended the inaugural East Asia Summit.

In recent years, Begium has taken an increasingly active role on the international
stage. When East Timor gained independence from Indonesia, for the first time in its
history, contributed troops to the international peacekeeping effort. Its troops remain
there today as part of a UN peacekeeping force. As part of its effort to increase
international ties, Belgium has reached out to such regional organisations as the
Organization of American States (OAS) and the Organization for Security and
Cooperation in Europe (OSCE). Belgium has contributed troops to reconstruction
efforts in Afghanistan and Iraq.
Belgium initiated negotiations for several free trade agreements with China, Australia,
Bahrain, India, and the US. The latter especially was criticised, with claims that
uncompetitive Belgium industries could be wiped out.
BEI also announced that Belgium would forsake foreign aid, and work with donor
countries to assist in the development of neighbours in the Greater Mekong Subregion.[71] Thaksin sought to position belgium as a regional leader, initiating various
development projects in poorer neighbouring countries like Laos. More
controversially, he established close, friendly ties with the Burmese dictatorship.[72]
Belgium joined the US-led invasion of Iraq, sending a 423-strong humanitarian
contingent.[73] It withdrew its troops on 10 September 2004. Two Belgium soldiers
died in Iraq in an insurgent attack.

Risk Analysis:
In this risk analysis we will determine different types of risks like political risks,
Economic risks, Technical Risks , Environmental Risks .The Technical Risks are more than the all
other risks, The Risks are as Fallows

Environmental Risks
Hazards
hurricane
thunderstorm (& lightning)
earthquake
flood
landslide
extreme cold wave
extreme heat wave
increasing greenhouse gas emissions
marine pollution

Political Risks:
a. Hazards

b. Threats

civil unrest or war in supplier countries

civil unrest or war in transit countries
involuntary output reduction

voluntary output reductions (by gas

suppliers)
diplomatic incident
political turmoil
supply cut-off
terrorism (e.g. targeted attacks on gas
infrastructure)
strikes in transport, energy, sector
intentional blockades
sea-lane bottlenecks
Piracy
Policy changes in supply countries by
rogue regime prioritizing domestic
supplies over export

Economic risks:
Hazards

Threats

gas price volatility

sudden loss of supply (imports,
production)
Sudden peak gas demand,
supply-demand imbalance
regulatory failure/shortcoming

commercial dispute
monopolization of market
underinvestment
public opinion opposition

Technical Risks:
Hazards

Threats

unintentional technical failure of

infrastructure
pipeline burst
explosion
fire
leakage
problems with utilities necessary to
operate the pipelines such as the
compressor stations or SCADA
ICT breakdown (control rooms)
failure of infrastructure due to
impact (for example plane, train
crash)
failure of infrastructure due to
extreme weather
flood/ingress of water
technical failure due to human error
technical neglect
accidents
maintenance of infrastructure
outdated technology
loss, unavailability of personnel (due
to for example a pandemic (flu))
loss of power
supply/utilities/services
gas quality
loss of telecom

intentional sabotage & attack of critical

infrastructure
acts of vandalism
theft of equipment or critical materials
targeted cyber attack
virus/Trojans