3Repuhlic of tbe

~mpreme

~bilippines

q[ourt

TSaguio q[itp

EN BANC,

MAYOR GAMAL S. HAYUDINI,

Petitioner,

G.R. No. 207900

Present:

SERENO, CJ.,
CARPIO,
VELASCO, JR.,
LEONARDO-DE CASTRO,
BRION,
PERALTA,
BERSAMIN,
DEL CASTILLO,
ABAD,
VILLARAMA, JR.,
PEREZ,
MENDOZA,
REYES,
PERLAS-BERNABE, and
LEONEN,JJ.

- versus -

COMMISSION ON ELECTIONS
and MUSTAPHA J. OMAR,
Respondents.

x--------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -------x
DECISION

PERALTA, J.:
For the Court's resolution is a Petition for Certiorari and Prohibition 1
under Rule 65, which petitioner Gamal S. Hayudini (Hayudini) filed to set
aside and annul the assailed Resolutions of the Commission on Elections
Rollo, pp. 4-47.

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G.R. No. 207900

(COMELEC), dated June 20, 20132 and July 10, 2013,3 which cancelled his
Certificate of Candidacy for the mayoralty seat in the 2013 local elections in
South Ubian, Tawi-Tawi, for having been issued with grave abuse of
discretion amounting to lack or in excess of jurisdiction.
The antecedent facts are:
On October 5, 2012, Hayudini filed his Certificate of Candidacy4
(CoC) for the position of Municipal Mayor of South Ubian, Tawi-Tawi in
the May 13, 2013 National and Local Elections held in the Autonomous
Region in Muslim Mindanao. Ten days after, or on October 15, 2012,
Mustapha J. Omar (Omar) filed a Petition to Deny Due Course or Cancel
Hayudinis CoC, entitled Mustapha J. Omar v. Gamal S. Hayudini, docketed
as SPA No. 13-106(DC)(F).5 Omar basically asserted that Hayudini should
be disqualified for making false representation regarding his residence. He
claimed that Hayudini declared in his CoC that he is a resident of the
Municipality of South Ubian when, in fact, he resides in Zamboanga City.
Thereafter, on November 30, 2012, Hayudini filed a Petition for
Inclusion in the Permanent List of Voters in Barangay Bintawlan, South
Ubian before the Municipal Circuit Trial Court (MCTC). Despite the
opposition of Ignacio Aguilar Baki, the MCTC granted Hayudinis petition
on January 31, 2013.6 On that same day, the COMELECs First Division
dismissed7 Omars earlier petition to cancel Hayudinis CoC in SPA No. 13106(DC)(F) for lack of substantial evidence that Hayudini committed false
representation as to his residency.
Oppositor Baki, subsequently, elevated the case to the Bongao
Regional Trial Court (RTC), Branch 5. The RTC, on March 8, 2013,
reversed8 the MCTC ruling and ordered the deletion of Hayudinis name in
Barangay Bintawlans permanent list of voters. In view of said decision,
Omar filed before the COMELEC a Petition to Cancel the Certificate of
Candidacy of Gamal S. Hayudini by Virtue of a Supervening Event on
March 26, 2013. The petition was docketed as SPA No. 13-249(DC)(F).9
Hayudini appealed the March 8, 2013 RTC decision to the Court of Appeals

2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9

Id. at 81-87.
Id. at 48-51.
Id. at 101.
Id. at 90-97.
Id. at 216-221.
Id. at 149-156.
Id. at 169-182.
Id. at 157-166.

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G.R. No. 207900

(CA), but on April 17, 2013, in CA-G.R. SP No. 05426,10 the same was
denied.
On May 13, 2013, Hayudini won the mayoralty race in South Ubian,
Tawi-Tawi. He was proclaimed and, consequently, took his oath of office.
On June 20, 2013, the COMELEC Second Division issued a
Resolution11 granting Omars second petition to cancel Hayudinis CoC.
The dispositive portion of the COMELEC Resolution reads:
WHEREFORE, premises considered, the instant petition is
hereby GRANTED. Accordingly, the Certificate of Candidacy filed by
Gamal S. Hayudini as Mayor of South Ubian, Tawi-Tawi, in the 13 May
2013 elections, is hereby CANCELLED.
The Office of the Deputy Executive Director for Operations is
hereby directed to constitute a Special Board of Canvassers for the
purpose of proclaiming the lawful winner for mayoralty position in South
Ubian, Tawi-Tawi during the 13 May 2013 elections.
SO ORDERED.12

Hayudini, thus, filed a Motion for Reconsideration with the

COMELEC En Banc, arguing that its Second Division committed grave
error when it gave due course to a belatedly filed petition and treated the
March 8, 2013 RTC Decision as a supervening event.
On July 10, 2013, the COMELEC En Banc denied Hayudinis Motion
for Reconsideration for lack of merit. The decretal portion of the En Bancs
assailed Resolution states:
WHEREFORE, premises considered, the Commission
RESOLVED, as it hereby RESOLVES to DENY this Motion for
Reconsideration for LACK OF MERIT. Consequently, the June 20,
2013 Resolution of the Commission (Second Division) is hereby affirmed.
Corollary thereto, the proclamation of respondent GAMAL S.
HAYUDINI is hereby declared null and void and without any legal force
and effect. SALMA A. OMAR is hereby proclaimed as the duly-elected
Mayor for South Ubian, Tawi-Tawi, being the qualified candidate
obtaining the highest number of votes, considering the doctrine laid down
by the case Aratea v. Comelec13 that a cancelled CoC cannot give rise to a
valid candidacy, and much less, to a valid vote, to wit:
10
11
12
13

Id. at 222-242.
Id. at 81-87.
Id. at 86.
G.R. No. 195229, October 9, 2012, 683 SCRA 105.

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G.R. No. 207900

Ergo, since respondent Lonzanida was never a

candidate for the position of mayor [of] San Antonio,
Zambales, the votes cast for him should be considered stray
votes. Consequently, Intervenor Antipolo, who remains as
the sole candidate for the mayoralty post and obtained the
highest number of votes, should now be proclaimed as the
duly-elected Mayor of San Antonio, Zambales.
Lonzanida's certificate of candidacy was cancelled, because
he was ineligible or not qualified to run for Mayor.
Whether his certificate of candidacy is cancelled before or
after elections is immaterial because the cancellation on
such ground means he was never a candidate from the very
beginning, his certificate of candidacy being void ab
initio. There was only one qualified candidate for Mayor in
the May 2010 elections - Antipolo, who therefore received
the highest number of votes.
The Office of the Deputy Executive Director for Operations is
hereby directed to constitute a Special Board of Canvassers for the
purpose of proclaiming SALMA OMAR as the winning candidate for
mayoralty position in South Ubian, Tawi-Tawi during the May 13, 2013
elections.
SO ORDERED.14

Thus, Hayudini filed the instant petition for certiorari and prohibition.
Hayudini mainly advances the following arguments:
A.
THE PUBLIC RESPONDENT COMMITTED GRAVE ABUSE OF
DISCRETION AMOUNTING TO LACK OR IN EXCESS OF
JURISDICTION WHEN IT FAILED TO OUTRIGHTLY DISMISS THE
INSTANT PETITION TO CANCEL CERTIFICATE OF CANDIDACY
DUE TO SUPERVENING EVENT (SPA. NO. 13-249(DC)(F), DESPITE
THE FAILURE OF RESPONDENT OMAR TO COMPLY WITH THE
MANDATORY REQUIREMENTS OF SECTIONS 2 AND 4 OF THE
COMELEC RESOLUTION NO. 9532.
xxxx
C.
THE PUBLIC RESPONDENT COMMITTED GRAVE ABUSE OF
DISCRETION AMOUNTING TO LACK OR IN EXCESS OF
JURISDICTION WHEN IT REVISITED AND MODIFIED THE FINAL
AND EXECUTORY RESOLUTION ISSUED BY THE FIRST
DIVISION IN THE SPA NO. 13-106(DC)(F).

14

Rollo, pp. 50-51. (Emphasis in the original)

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G.R. No. 207900

III.
THE PUBLIC RESPONDENT COMMITTED GRAVE ABUSE OF
DISCRETION AMOUNTING TO LACK OR IN EXCESS OF
JURISDICTION WHEN IT RESOLVED TO CANCEL PETITIONER
HAYUDINIS CERTIFICATE OF CANDIDACY AND DECLARE HIS
PROCLAMATION AS NULL AND VOID.
xxxx
L.
THE PUBLIC RESPONDENT COMMITTED GRAVE ABUSE OF
DISCRETION AMOUNTING TO LACK OR IN EXCESS OF
JURISDICTION WHEN IT DECREED THE PROCLAMATION OF
SALMA A. OMAR AS THE DULY-ELECTED MAYOR FOR SOUTH
UBIAN, TAWI-TAWI.15

The Court finds the petition to be without merit.

A special civil action for certiorari under Rule 65 is an independent
action based on thespecific grounds and available only if there is no appeal
or any other plain, speedy, and adequate remedy in the ordinary course of
law. It will only prosper if grave abuse of discretion is alleged and is
actually proved to exist. Grave abuse of discretion has been defined as the
arbitrary exercise of power due to passion, prejudice or personal hostility; or
the whimsical, arbitrary, or capricious exercise of power that amounts to an
evasion or refusal to perform a positive duty enjoined by law or to act at all
in contemplation of law. For an act to be condemned as having been done
with grave abuse of discretion, such an abuse must be patent and gross.16
Here, Hayudini miserably failed to prove that the COMELEC rendered its
assailed Resolutions with grave abuse of discretion.
Hayudini contends that the COMELEC committed grave abuse of
discretion when it admitted, and later granted, Omars petition despite
failure to comply with Sections 2 and 4 of Rule 23 of the COMELEC Rules
of Procedure, as amended by Resolution No. 9523. The subject sections
read:
Section 2. Period to File Petition. The Petition must be filed
within five (5) days from the last day for filing of certificate of
candidacy; but not later than twenty five (25) days from the time of
filing of the certificate of candidacy subject of the Petition. In case of a
substitute candidate, the Petition must be filed within five (5) days from
the time the substitute candidate filed his certificate of candidacy.
xxxx

15
16

Id. at 16-19. (Underscoring and emphasis omitted)

Beluso v. COMELEC, G.R. No. 180711, June 22, 2010, 621 SCRA 450, 456.

Decision

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G.R. No. 207900

Section 4. Procedure to be observed. Both parties shall observe

the following procedure:
1. The petitioner shall, before filing of the Petition, furnish a
copy of the Petition, through personal service to the
respondent. In cases where personal service is not feasible,
or the respondent refuses to receive the Petition, or the
respondents whereabouts cannot be ascertained, the
petitioner shall execute an affidavit stating the reason or
circumstances therefor and resort to registered mail as a
mode of service. The proof of service or the affidavit shall
be attached to the Petition to be filed;17

Here, Hayudini filed his CoC on October 5, 2012, which was also the
last day of filing of CoC for the May 13, 2013 elections. Omar, on the other
hand, filed the subject petition only on March 26, 2013. Under the
COMELEC Rules, a Petition to Deny Due Course or Cancel CoC must be
filed within five days from the last day for filing a certificate of candidacy,
but not later than twenty-five days from the time of filing of the CoC subject
of the petition. Clearly, Omars petition was filed way beyond the
prescribed period. Likewise, he failed to provide sufficient explanation as
to why his petition was not served personally to Hayudini.
Notwithstanding the aforementioned procedural missteps, the Court
sustains the COMELECs liberal treatment of Omars petition.
As a general rule, statutes providing for election contests are to be
liberally construed in order that the will of the people in the choice of public
officers may not be defeated by mere technical objections. Moreover, it is
neither fair nor just to keep in office, for an indefinite period, one whose
right to it is uncertain and under suspicion. It is imperative that his claim be
immediately cleared, not only for the benefit of the winner but for the sake
of public interest, which can only be achieved by brushing aside
technicalities of procedure that protract and delay the trial of an ordinary
action. This principle was reiterated in the cases of Tolentino v. Commission
on Elections18 and De Castro v. Commission on Elections,19 where the Court
held that in exercising its powers and jurisdiction, as defined by its mandate
to protect the integrity of elections, the COMELEC must not be
straitjacketed by procedural rules in resolving election disputes.20
Settled is the rule that the COMELEC Rules of Procedure are subject
to liberal construction. The COMELEC has the power to liberally interpret
17
18
19
20

Emphasis supplied
G.R. Nos. 187958, 187961, and 187962, April 7, 2010, 617 SCRA 575, 598.
G.R. Nos. 187966-68, April 7, 2010, 617 SCRA 575, 598.
Violago v. COMELEC, G.R. No. 194143, October 4, 2011, 658 SCRA 516, 525.

Decision

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G.R. No. 207900

or even suspend its rules of procedure in the interest of justice, including

obtaining a speedy disposition of all matters pending before it. This
liberality is for the purpose of promoting the effective and efficient
implementation of its objectives ensuring the holding of free, orderly,
honest, peaceful, and credible elections, as well as achieving just,
expeditious, and inexpensive determination and disposition of every action
and proceeding brought before the COMELEC. Unlike an ordinary civil
action, an election contest is imbued with public interest. It involves not
only the adjudication of private and pecuniary interests of rival candidates,
but also the paramount need of dispelling the uncertainty which beclouds the
real choice of the electorate. And the tribunal has the corresponding duty to
ascertain, by all means within its command, whom the people truly chose as
their rightful leader.21
Indeed, Omar had previously filed a Petition to Deny Due Course or
Cancel Hayudinis CoC on October 15, 2012, docketed as SPA No. 13106(DC)(F). This was dismissed on January 31, 2013, or the same day the
MCTC granted Hayudinis petition to be included in the list of voters.
However, on March 8, 2013, the RTC reversed the MCTC ruling and,
consequently, ordered the deletion of Hayudinis name in Barangay
Bintawlans permanent list of voters. Said deletion was already final and
executory under the law.22 Hayudini, however, still appealed the case to the
CA, which was subsequently denied. Notably, thereafter, he went to the CA
again, this time to file a petition for certiorari, docketed as CA-G.R. SP No.
05499.23 In a Resolution dated July 9, 2013, the CA also denied said
petition primarily because of Hayudinis act of engaging in the pernicious
practice of forum shopping by filing two modes of appeal before said
court.24 Hence, by virtue of the finality of said RTC decision deleting his
name from the voters list, Hayudini, who had been previously qualified
under the law25 to run for an elective position, was then rendered ineligible.

21

Id.
Omnibus Election Code, Sec. 138. Jurisdiction in inclusion and exclusion cases. - The
municipal and metropolitan trial courts shall have original and exclusive jurisdiction over all matters of
inclusion and exclusion of voters from the list in their respective municipalities or cities. Decisions of the
municipal or metropolitan trial courts may be appealed directly by the aggrieved party to the proper
regional trial court within five days from receipt of notice thereof, otherwise said decision of the municipal
or metropolitan trial court shall become final and executory after said period. The regional trial court shall
decide the appeal within ten days from the time the appeal was received and its decision shall be
immediately final and executory. No motion for reconsideration shall be entertained by the courts.
(Emphasis supplied)
23
Rollo, pp. 421-440.
24
Id. at 442-444.
25
Republic Act No. 7160, Sec. 39. Qualifications.
(a) An elective local official must be a citizen of the Philippines; a registered voter in the
barangay, municipality, city or province or, in the case of a member of the sangguniang panlalawigan,
sangguniang panlungsod, or sangguniang bayan, the district where he intends to be elected; a resident
therein for at least one (1) year immediately preceding the day of the election; and able to read and write
Filipino or any other local language or dialect. x x x
22

Decision

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G.R. No. 207900

Given the finality of the RTC decision, the same should be

considered a valid supervening event. A supervening event refers to facts
and events transpiring after the judgment or order had become executory.
These circumstances affect or change the substance of the judgment and
render its execution inequitable.26 Here, the RTCs March 8, 2013 decision,
ordering the deletion of Hayudinis name in the list of voters, which came
after the dismissal of Omars first petition, is indubitably a supervening
event which would render the execution of the ruling in SPA No. 13106(DC)(F) iniquitous and unjust. As the COMELEC aptly ruled, the
decision to exclude Hayudini was still non-existent when the COMELEC
first promulgated the Resolution in SPA No. 13-106(DC)(F) on January 31,
2013, or when the issues involved therein were passed upon. 27 The First
Division even expressed that although the Election Registration Board
(ERB) denied Hayudinis application for registration, it could not adopt the
same because it was not yet final as Hayudini was still to file a Petition for
Inclusion before the MCTC.28 Thus, it is not far-fetched to say that had this
final RTC finding been existent before, the COMELEC First Division could
have taken judicial notice of it and issued a substantially different ruling in
SPA No. 13-106(DC)(F).29
The same ruling adequately equipped Omar with the necessary ground
to successfully have Hayudinis CoC struck down. Under the rules, a
statement in a certificate of candidacy claiming that a candidate is eligible to
run for public office when in truth he is not, is a false material
representation, a ground for a petition under Section 78 of the Omnibus
Election Code.
Sections 74 and 78 read:
Sec. 74. Contents of certificate of candidacy. The certificate of
candidacy shall state that the person filing it is announcing his candidacy
for the office stated therein and that he is eligible for said office; if for
Member of the Batasang Pambansa, the province, including its
component cities, highly urbanized city or district or sector which he seeks
to represent; the political party to which he belongs; civil status; his date
of birth; residence; his post office address for all election purposes; his
profession or occupation; that he will support and defend the Constitution
of the Philippines and will maintain true faith and allegiance thereto; that
he will obey the laws, legal orders, and decrees promulgated by the duly
constituted authorities; that he is not a permanent resident or immigrant to
a foreign country; that the obligation imposed by his oath is assumed
voluntarily, without mental reservation or purpose of evasion; and that the

26
27
28
29

Javier v. Court of Appeals, G.R. No. 96086, July 21, 1993.

Rollo, p. 85.
Resolution, SPA No. 13-106(DC)(F), January 31, 2013, p. 6.
Rollo, p. 85.

Decision

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G.R. No. 207900

facts stated in the certificate of candidacy are true to the best of his
knowledge.
xxxx
Sec. 78. Petition to deny due course to or cancel a certificate of
candidacy. A verified petition seeking to deny due course or to cancel a
certificate of candidacy may be filed by the person exclusively on the
ground that any material representation contained therein as required
under Section 74 hereof is false. The petition may be filed at any time not
later than twenty-five days from the time of the filing of the certificate of
candidacy and shall be decided, after due notice and hearing, not later than
fifteen days before the election.

The false representation mentioned in these provisions must pertain to

a material fact, not to a mere innocuous mistake. A candidate who falsifies a
material fact cannot run; if he runs and is elected, cannot serve; in both
cases, he or she can be prosecuted for violation of the election laws. These
facts pertain to a candidate's qualification for elective office, such as his or
her citizenship and residence. Similarly, the candidate's status as a registered
voter falls under this classification as it is a legal requirement which must be
reflected in the CoC. The reason for this is obvious: the candidate, if he or
she wins, will work for and represent the local government under which he
or she is running.30 Even the will of the people, as expressed through the
ballot, cannot cure the vice of ineligibility, especially if they mistakenly
believed, as in the instant case, that the candidate was qualified.31
Aside from the requirement of materiality, a false representation under
Section 78 must consist of a "deliberate attempt to mislead, misinform, or
hide a fact which would otherwise render a candidate ineligible." Simply
put, it must be made with a malicious intent to deceive the electorate as to
the potential candidate's qualifications for public office.32
Section 74 requires the candidate to state under oath in his CoC "that
he is eligible for said office." A candidate is eligible if he has a right to run
for the public office. If a candidate is not actually eligible because he is not
a registered voter in the municipality where he intends to be elected, but still
he states under oath in his certificate of candidacy that he is eligible to run
for public office, then the candidate clearly makes a false material
representation, a ground to support a petition under Section 78.33 It is
interesting to note that Hayudini was, in fact, initially excluded by the ERB
as a voter. On November 30, 2012, the ERB issued a certificate confirming

30

Velasco v. COMELEC, G.R. No. 180051, December 24, 2008, 575 SCRA 590, 603-604.
Limkaichong v. COMELEC, G.R. Nos. 178831-32, 179120, 179132-33, and 179240-41, April 1,
2009, 583 SCRA 1, 38-39.
32
Velasco v. COMELEC, supra note 30, at 604.
33
Jalosjos v. COMELEC, G.R. No. 193237 and G.R. No. 193536, October 9, 2012, 683 SCRA 1, 2.
31

Decision

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G.R. No. 207900

the disapproval of Hayudinis petition for registration.34 This is precisely

the reason why he needed to file a Petition for Inclusion in the Permanent
List of Voters in Barangay Bintawlan before the MCTC. Thus, when he
stated in his CoC that he is eligible for said office," Hayudini made a clear
and material misrepresentation as to his eligibility, because he was not, in
fact, registered as a voter in Barangay Bintawlan.
Had the COMELEC not given due course to Omars petition solely
based on procedural deficiencies, South Ubian would have a mayor who is
not even a registered voter in the locality he is supposed to govern, thereby
creating a ridiculously absurd and outrageous situation. Hence, the
COMELEC was accurate in cancelling Hayudinis certificate of candidacy.
Hayudini likewise protests that it was a grave error on the part of the
COMELEC to have declared his proclamation null and void when no
petition for annulment of his proclamation was ever filed. What petitioner
seems to miss, however, is that the nullification of his proclamation as a
winning candidate is also a legitimate outcome a necessary legal
consequence of the cancellation of his CoC pursuant to Section 78. A
CoC cancellation proceeding essentially partakes of the nature of a
disqualification case.35 The cancellation of a CoC essentially renders the
votes cast for the candidate whose certificate of candidacy has been
cancelled as stray votes.36 If the disqualification or CoC cancellation or
denial case is not resolved before the election day, the proceedings shall
continue even after the election and the proclamation of the winner.
Meanwhile, the candidate may be voted for and even be proclaimed as the
winner, but the COMELEC's jurisdiction to deny due course and cancel his
or her CoC continues. This rule likewise applies even if the candidate facing
disqualification has already taken his oath of office.37 The only exception to
this rule is in the case of congressional and senatorial candidates where the
COMELEC ipso jure loses jurisdiction in favor of either the Senate or the
House of Representatives Electoral Tribunal after the candidates have been
proclaimed, taken the proper oath, and also assumed office.38
It bears stressing that one of the requirements for a mayoralty
candidate is that he must be a resident of the city or municipality where he
intends to be elected. Thus, under Section 74 of the Omnibus Election
Code, it is required that a candidate must certify under oath that he is eligible
for the public office he seeks election. In this case, when petitioner stated in

34
35
36
37
38

Rollo, p. 128.
Velasco v. COMELEC, supra note 30, at 612.
Section 9 of Rule 23, COMELEC Rules of Procedure, as amended by Resolution No. 9523.
Velasco v. COMELEC, supra note 30, at 613.
Regina Ongsiako Reyes v. COMELEC, et al., G.R. No. 207264, June 25, 2013.

Decision

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G.R. No. 207900

his CoC that he is a resident of Barangay Bintawlan, South Ubian, Tawi

Tawi and eligible for a public office, but it turned out that he was declared to
be a non-resident thereof in a petition for his inclusion in the list of
registered voters, he therefore committed a false representation in his CoC
which pertained to a material fact which is a ground for the cancellation of
his CoC under Section 78 of the Omnibus Election Code. Petitioner's
ineligibility for not being a resident of the place he sought election is not a
ground for a petition for disqualification, since the grounds enumerated
under Section 6839 of the Omnibus Election Code specifically refer to the
commission of prohibited acts, and possession of a permanent resident status
in a foreign country.
As held in Aratea v. COMELEC,40 which is a case for cancellation of
CoC under Section 78 of the Omnibus Election Code, a cancelled certificate
of candidacy void ab initio cannot give rise to a valid candidacy, and much
less to valid votes. Whether a certificate of candidacy is cancelled before or
after the elections is immaterial, because the cancellation on such ground
means he was never a candidate from the very beginning, his certificate of
candidacy being void ab initio. We then found that since the winning
mayoralty candidate's certificate of candidacy was void ab initio, he was
never a candidate at all and all his votes were considered stray votes, and
thus, proclaimed the second placer, the only qualified candidate, who
actually garnered the highest number of votes, for the position of Mayor.
We find the factual mileu of the Aratea case applicable in the instant
case, since this is also a case for a petition to deny due course or cancel a
certificate of candidacy. Since Hayudini was never a valid candidate for the
position of the Municipal Mayor of South Ubian, Tawi-Tawi, the votes cast
for him should be considered stray votes, Consequently, the COMELEC
properly proclaimed Salma Omar, who garnered the highest number of votes
in the remaining qualified candidates for the mayoralty post, as the dulyelected Mayor of South Ubian, Tawi Tawi.
Codilla v. De Venecia case has no application in this case, since it
dealt with a petition for disqualification under Section 68 of the Omnibus
39

Section 68. Disqualifications. - Any candidate who, in an action or protest in which he is a party is
declared by final decision of a competent court guilty of, or found by the Commission of having (a) given
money or other material consideration to influence, induce or corrupt the voters or public officials
performing electoral functions; (b) committed acts of terrorism to enhance his candidacy; (c) spent in his
election campaign an amount in excess of that allowed by this Code; (d) solicited, received or made any
contribution prohibited under Sections 89, 95, 96, 97 and 104; or (e) violated any of Sections 80, 83, 85, 86
and 261, paragraphs d, e, k, v, and cc, subparagraph 6, shall be disqualified from continuing as a candidate,
or if he has been elected, from holding the office. Any person who is a permanent resident of or an
immigrant to a foreign country shall not be qualified to run for any elective office under this Code, unless
said person has waived his status as permanent resident or immigrant of a foreign country in accordance
with the residence requirement provided for in the election laws.
40
GR No. 195229, October 9, 2012, 683 SCRA 105, 145.

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Decision

G.R. No. 207900

Election Code and not a petition to deny due course or cancel certificate of
candidacy under Section 78 which is the case at bar.
Finally, contrary to Hayudini's belief, the will of the electorate is still
actually respected even when the votes for the ineligible candidate are
disregarded. The votes cast in favor of the ineligible candidate are not
considered at all in determining the winner of an election for these do not
constitute the sole and total expression of the sovereign voice. On the other
hand, those votes for the eligible and legitimate candidates form an integral
41
part of said voice, which must equally be given due respect , if not more.

WHEREFORE, the petition is DISMISSED. The COMELEC

Resolutions dated June 20, 2013 and July 10, 2013 are hereby AFFIRMED.
No pronouncement as to costs.
SO ORDERED.

WE CONCUR:

MARIA LOURDES P. A. SERENO

Chief Justice

J. VELASCO, JR.

Associate Justice

~~-~

--;}/~~,~

TERESITA J. LEONARDO-DE CASTRO

Associate Justice

41

Associate Justice

l~
Associate Justice

Casan Macode Maquiling v. COMELEC, et al., G.R. No. 195649, April 16, 2013.

Decision

G.R. No. 207900

- 13 -

MARIANO C. DEL CASTILLO

Associate Justice

~
ROBERTO A. ABAD
Associate Justice

JOSEC

IENVENIDO L. REYES
Associate Justice

NDOZA

4it~ERNABE ~

ESTELA
Associate Justice

Associate Justice

CERTIFICATION

Pursuant to Section 13, Article VIII of the Constitution, I certify that

the conclusions in the above Decision had been reached in consultation
before the case was assigned to the writer of the opinion of the Court.

MARIA LOURDES P.A. SERENO

Chief Justice