Mabika S

201328759
Group 29
DR Z. Tywabi
Experiement 1
9 September 2015
TITTLE : Molecular Weight Of Weight
AIM :
To determine the molecular weight of a volatile liquid compound by
measuring the mass, volume, temperature, and pressure of the compound
in its gaseous state.
THEORY : There are several methods by which the molecular weight of a
compound can be determined in the laboratory. In this experiment you will
use a method that can be applied to volatile liquids. Volatile liquids are
those liquids that have a moderate to high vapour pressure at or near
room temperature. Most of these types of compounds will behave like an
ideal gas when converted to the vapour state. Presuming that the
vaporized volatile liquid follows the ideal gas law PV = nRT, we may
determine the moles of the contained vapour via: n = moles of contained
vapour = , i.e., its measured pressure (P), volume (V), and temperature
(T). Of course, the gas constant (R) is tabulated and equals 0.0821
Latmmol-1K-1. Then, the molecular weight of the gas (MW in g/mol) can
be determined from the measured mass of the contained vapour (g in
grams) divide by the calculated number of moles
MW =

Gases dont have fixed shape and volume. They expand to fill the shape of
a container in which they are held. The volume of a gas is so small
compared to the volume of the container where they are held. Molecules
of a gas move randomly and collide completely in elastic collisions
EXPERIMENTAL
The apparatus used on the experiment were as follow
600ml beaker, 150 ml Erlenmeyer flask, graduated cylinders (10
and 100ml)

 Thermometer, electric hot plate, ring stand clamp, iron ring

Digital balance, Aluminium foil, rubber bands
Methanol, cyclohexane
Two reagent that were used, it was methanol and cyclohexane. The total
mass of the combined dry 125ml Erlenmeyer flask, a rubber band and a
square of aluminium foil was determined on the digital balance and
recorded on the report form. The hot water bath was created by filling
600ml beaker half full of water. It was heated to boil on a hot plate. 10 ml
of graduated cylinder was used to pour 2ml of a liquid into the flask aside
while waiting for the water to boil. The mouth of the flask was secured by
closing it with aluminium foil and tightening it with rubber band.
The flask was clamped assembly into the beaker such that it is as far
down as possible in the beaker. The boiling point of water in a beaker was
recorded before inserting the flask inside it. The boiling point of water was
heated until there was no visible liquid inside a flask ( the initial time in
which the flask was checked if the liquid has disappeared was 10 minutes
and it was heated again another 10 minutes. The temperature of the gas
occupying the flask was measured by recording the temperature of the
boiling water. The flask was removed from the water bath by loosening the
clamp from the supporting rod and was moved upward. The flask was
allowed to cool to room temperature and it was dried on the outside
gently thoroughly with a paper towel. The flask was weighed with its
contents, the aluminium foil and a rubber band. It was recorded on the
report form.
The volume of a flask was measured by filling the flask with water to the
brim and the volume of water was measured with a 100ml graduated
cylinder. The actual volume of the flask was recorded and reported on the
form. The moles of vapour from its pressure, volume, and temperature are
calculated as well as the mass of the vapour. The molar mass of the
vapour is calculated.
RESULT

Discussion
The experiment was performed using a Electrical hotplate, digital balance,
thermometer, a 100mL Erlenmeyer flask, , graduated cylinders (10 and
100mL), , Aluminium foil, rubber bands, Methanol aqnd cyclohexane. The
volume of the Erlenmeyer flask was determined by first filled it with water
all the way to the brim, then water into it was transtered to graduated
cylinder to get the exact volume of the flask. The combined mass of

Erlenmeyer flask, aluminum foil and rubber band was also determined by
the use of digital balance.
A 600mL beaker of half filled
water was heated to boiling. The
temperature of the water bath was measured with the thermometer to
+0.1oC. The temperature was carefully obtained from a mid-point in the
boiling water bath rather than close to the sides or bottom of the beaker.,
the pressure was obtained to +760mmHg. Unit conversions are shown for
all result obtained on result section above.
Tvapor = TH2O Bath = oC = (oC + 273.15)K = K
Pvapor = Patm = 7600mmHg = (1atm/7600mmHg)= 1atm
An amount of unkonown liquids was added to the flask, then it was
covered with a square piece of aluminum foil. To insure that the vapor was
at atmospheric pressure and to allow the excess volume of vapor
toescape, a small hole was pushed into the foil with a pin. Finally, the rbf
was attached to a ring stand via a round-jaw clamp and lowered into the
boiling water bath. The flask was submerged as deeply as possible in the
600mL beaker to ensure uniform temperature of the vapor. After a few
minutes, the unknown liquids started to evaporate until it all was
evaporated then the flask was removed into the the bath and was placed
on room temperature to cool when it has flask was cooled it was then
taken back to digit balance to measure its mass. Finally, the vapor
masses were converted to MW
M w=

mRT
PV =

Where MW is the molecular weight of unknown liquids

m is the mass of the condensed unknown liquids vapor
R is the ideal gas constant
T is the temperature of the vapor
V is the volume of the ethyl acetate vapor
P is the pressure of the ethyl acetate vapor
CONCLUSION