Stat 2 - Practice Test

1) In a study of blood pressure and number of children, it turns out that there is a strong positive correlation
between blood pressure and how many children they have. True or False:
a.
b.
c.
d.

People with high blood pressure tend to have more children.

People with more children tend to have higher blood pressure.
Having high blood pressure will lead to having more children.
Having more children will lead to high blood pressure.

2) There is a positive correlation between husband IQ and wife IQ. Both averages are 100 with an SD of 25.
The scatter diagram is football shaped. True or False:
a. Of those wives who have an IQ of 125, less than 50% have husbands with IQs larger than 125. If true,
explain. If not, why not?

b. If the correlation was 0.6, perform a calculation that justifies your answer to part a).

3) The average GPA during the first year of college is a 2.1, with an SD of 0.8, while the average GPA during
the second year is 2.5, with an SD of 0.8. The correlation is 0.4, and the scatter plot is football shaped.
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.

Predict the second year GPA of someone who had a first year GPA of 2.5.
Predict the first year GPA of someone who had a second year GPA of 3.0.
Predict the second year GPA of someone who had a first year GPA of 2.1.
Predict the first year GPA of someone with an unknown second year GPA.
True or false: people tend to have a higher GPA their second year.
Circle the best choice: Someone in the 40th percentile their first year tends to be ____ (at a percentile
larger than / at a percentile smaller than / at the 40th percentile the second year.)
g. True or False: The person at the top of the class the first year is predicted to be at the top of the class
the second year.

4) The American Heart Association (AHA) wants to conduct a study on a persons time spent exercising
per week and percent body fat. Since the AHA cannot afford to ask everyone their time spent exercising
and percent body fat, they take the average number of hours spent exercising each week and the average
percent body fat for each state and find a correlation of 0.85. The AHA concludes that the amount of time a
person spends exercising each week is a good predictor for his/her percent body fat. What is wrong with this
conclusion?

5) For a representative sample of 800 California women 30-34, the summary statistics are: - average education
is 13.5 years, SD of education is 5 years - average income is $39,500, SD of income is $16,000 - r = 0.35
When you graph the scatter diagram, you discover it is football-shaped.
a. Of the women age 30-34 with 3 years of education, what percentage of women earn below $13,000?

b. Find the regression line for predicting income from years of education. The predicted income for 16
years of education is:

c. Another statistician tells you that it would be better to use the SD line to predict income from years of
education. True or False? Why or why not?

d. The slope of the regression line is _____. This means that if a woman in this group goes to school
for another year, she should expect to be able to receive that additional amount in income. True or
False? Why or why not?

6) Donald is a gambler and he is interested in playing a card game in which he draws three cards without
replacement from a standard deck of cards. A standard deck of cards has 4 suits: clubs, spades, diamonds,
and trees. There are 52 cards, 13 in each suit.
a. In a first version of the game, John wins if the three cards are the same suit. Find the probability that
John wins.

b. In a second version of the game, John must end up with either all three cards the same suit or all three
cards colored in red in order to win. Find the probability that John wins. Reminder: In a deck of cards,
the spades and clubs are black, and the diamonds and hearts are red.

7) A club has 90 members: 50 are lawyers and 50 are liars. Everyone is either a lawyer or a liar.
2

a. What is the probability that a randomly selected member is both a lawyer and a liar?
b. What is the probability that a randomly selected member is both a lawyer but not a liar?
c. What is the probability that a lawyer is not a liar?

8) Assume A and B are events such that: 0 < P (A) < 1, and 0 < P (B) < 1. For each of the following
expressions, indicate whether it is: Always True; Sometimes True; or Never True
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
g.
h.
i.
j.
k.
l.
m.
n.

P (A)/2 = 0.6
P (A and Ac ) = 0
P (A or Ac ) = 0
P (A and B) P (A)
P (A|B) + P (Ac |B) = 1
P (A|Bc) + P (Ac |B c ) = 1
P (A|Ac) = 1
P (B|A) = P (B)
P (A or B) = P (A) + P (B)
P (A) = P (B)
P (A|B) P (A) = 0
P (A|B)P (B) = P (B|A)P (A)
P (Ac or B) = P (Ac and B c )
P (A and B)/P (B) = P (A)