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Zuraida Khusaimi
CHM 421 Analytical Chemistry
(6 hours)
Zuraida Khusaimi/CHM421/2015
Mole
Molarity
Normality
Stoichiometry
Zuraida Khusaimi/CHM421/2015
Physical
Quantities
Unit name
Unit
abbreviation
Mass
gram
Amount of
substance
Mole
mole
Derived units
Def. of Quantity
Unit abbreviation
Volume
(Length)3
dm3 or L
Density
Mass/volume
g/L
Concentration
Mole/Volume
mol/L
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Zuraida Khusaimi/CHM421/2015
Number of moles A
=
mass of A (mg)
molar mass (mg/mmol)
103 milimole equals 1.0 mole
1 milimole is 1/1000 of a mole
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1.
2.
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no of mol of solute
1 kg of solvent
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no of equivalents
volume (L)
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Equivalent weight
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% concentration
Weight/weight % (w/w)
Volume/volume % (v/v)
Weight/volume % (w/v)
% Concentration
% of A =
Number of parts of A
Number of parts of sample
X 100
% (w/w) =
(
)
mass of solute (g)
(mass of sample (g))10
mass of solute (g)
( mass of sample (g)) 10
mass of solute (g)
( mass of sample (g) ) 10
mass of solute (g)
( mass of sample (g) ) 10
mass of solute (g)
102
mass of sample (g)
ppt (w/w) =
ppm (w/w) =
ppb (w/w) =
ppt (w/w) =
12
% (v/v)
ppt (v/v) =
(
)
mass of solute (mL)
( mass of sample (mL) ) 10
ppm (v/v) =
% (v/v) =
ppb (v/v) =
ppt (v/v) =
10 2
parts per
hundred
parts per
thousand
10 6
parts per
million
(
)
mass of solute (mL)
( mass of sample (mL) ) 10
mass of solute (mL)
mass of sample (mL)
10 9
12
parts per
billion
parts per
trillion
% (w/v) =
ppt (w/v) =
ppm (w/v) =
ppb (w/v) =
ppt (w/v) =
parts per
hundred
10 3
parts per
thousand
of solute (g)
10
( mass
)
mass of sample (mL)
10 6
(
)
mass of solute (g)
( mass of sample (mL) ) 10
mass of solute (g)
mass of sample (mL)
10 9
12
parts per
million
parts per
billion
parts per
trillion
(100g solution)
0.040 g phenolphthalein
25.0 mL solution
10 2
( 50 mL beverage )
)
10 2
= 15.0 % (w/w)
10 2
= 60.0 % (v/v)
= 0.160 % (w/v)
For example:
HCl is sold 37% solution, i.e. For every 100g there is 37g pure
HCl.
= % x V = 10.5 x 1000
100
100
= 105 g of CH3CH2CH2OH
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The procedure is: Use pipette to measure moles (via volumes), make up
the volumes using volumetric flask.
McVc = MdVd
M1 = 12 mol/vol
V1 = 1 L
M2 = 0.5 L
M1V1 = M2V2
V2 = M1V1 / M2
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2.