Pergamon

Int. J. Mech. Sci. Vol.37, No. 8, pp. 861-871, 1995

Copyright 1995ElsevierScienceLtd
Printedin Great Britain.All rightsreserved
0020-7403/95 $9.50+ 0.00

0020-7403(94)00099-9

A SIMPLE FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS OF AXISYMMETRIC

VIBRATION OF ANNULAR AND CIRCULAR PLATES
CHORNG-FUH LIU and GE-TZUNG CHEN
Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, R.O.C.
(Received 19 May 1994; and in revised form 25 October 1994)

Abstract--The axisymmetric vibration of annular and circular plates, isotropic or polar orthotropic,
is analysed by an axisymmetric finite element. The features of the present study are that: (i) the
formulation of the finite element is based on elasticity theory and has no assumptions as in the
conventional plate theory-based analysis, yet is still simple and ready for use, and (ii) the boundary
conditions are satisfied exactly and the significant effect of boundary conditions on the vibration
frequency is demonstrated. Comparisons with alternative solutions show the accuracy of the present
approach and the inadequacy of conventional methods in dealing with the vibration of annular and
circular plates with simply supported boundary conditions.

1. I N T R O D U C T I O N

Many studies have been performed on the axisymmetric vibration analysis of circular and
annular plates made of isotropic or polar orthotropic materials, e.g. [1-11]. Excellent
reviews can be found in [12-17]. Among these works no matter what approach, analytical
or numerical, is utilized, most are based on plate theories or its one-dimensional version, the
beam theory. Since plate theories are two-dimensional versions of elasticity, approximations inevitably exist in the analysis. Hutchinson [18] and Celep [19] used elasticity to solve
free vibration problems of circular plates. Despite the complicated procedures involved, not
all the boundary conditions are satisfied. Also, both [18] and [19] were developed
specifically for isotropic circular plates.
In the present investigation, a three-dimensional, elasticity-based, axisymmetric finite
element is applied in the axisymmetric vibration analysis of isotropic or polar orthotropic
annular and circular plates. The formulation is simple with the basic elasticity equations for
axisymmetric structures being the starting point, no assumptions are made and nothing is
neglected. Due to axisymmetry, only half of a diametral cross-section is analyzed. Free
vibration of typical examples of circular and annular plates is studied. Results for various
combinations of material properties, aspect ratios and boundary conditions are shown and
compared with previous works. The accuracy and the particular capability of the present
method are demonstrated.

2. F O R M U L A T I O N

Where the axisymmetric vibration is concerned, there is no dependency of displacement

on circumferential coordinate and the displacement field can be written as

u = u(r, z, t)

(1)

v=0

w = w(r, z, t)
where u and w denote the displacements in the radial and the thickness directions, with r, z
being the coordinates in these directions, t is a time variable. The strain-displacement
861

862

Chorng-Fuh Liu and Ge-Tzung Chen

relations are then:

du

8r

dr

dw
U
80 = --

(2)

Ou

dw

N
7,0 =

7~o = O.

The polar orthotr0pic stress-strain equations are as follows:

f.rc11
r) c12c13olfrt
az

/C~2

C22

C23

Ez

(9"0

[C~3

C23

C33

/~0

C66

~rz

Trz

(3)

where
1 - VzoVoz
C 11 ..... E~EoA

C12 =
C13 =

Vzr

q-

VOrVzO

E~EoA
Vo, + v~rvo~
EzEoA

(4)

VroVOr
E~EoA

1 -

C22=

VOz -]- Vrz VOr

C2a =

E,EoA
1 ~ VrzYzr

Caa = - -

E,E~A

C66 m

Grz

A = (1 - v,zv~, - v~svo~- vo,v,o - 2v=vo~v,o)/E,E~Eo

and E,, Eo, Ez are Young's moduli in the radial, circumferential and thickness directions
respectively, vo are Poisson's ratios with the first subscript denoting the stressed direction.
G,z is the shear modulus.
Hamilton's principle states that

;~ ( fvo,[(tr't~8" + z'sz + tr~ + ~'z67"~) - P(fit~f~+ Vvr~)]dv) dr=O"

(5)

Substituting the strain--displacement (2) and the stress-strain (3) relations into the above
variational form (5), it can be seen that u, w are the primary variables. Expressing
displacements u and w in terms of the products of their nodal values u, wi and shape
functions N~ as in the usual finite element procedures gives:

(u, w) = ~ Ni(ui, w~).

i=1

(6)

Finite element analysis of axisymmetricvibration

863

We end up with the following elemental equation of motion after integrating through the
domain of a finite element,

[m] {tY} + [k] {U} = 0

(7)

where {U} x = [u: / / 2 " ' " Un; W1 W2 "'" Wn], n is the number of nodes in an element and
[m], [k] are the elemental mass and stiffness matrices, both being of dimension 2n 2n (see
Appendix for details). After assembling all the element equations, the global equation of
motion is obtained:

[M] {X} + [K] (X} = 0.

(8)

If synchronous, harmonic motion is assumed, Eqn (8) then becomes an eigenvalue

equation of the following form:

[K] {X} = 2 [M] {X}.

(9)

The eigenvalue 2 denotes the square of vibration frequency o~.

3. NUMERICAL RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
In order to demonstrate the accuracy and validation of the approach presented, the
natural frequencies of axisymmetric vibration of some typical circular and annular plates
subject to various combinations of material properties, geometries and boundary conditions are obtained by the present method and compared with those shown in the literature.
In the present investigation, a clamped and four types of simply supported boundary
conditions are considered, see Fig. 1. For clamped boundary condition, both u = 0 and
w = 0 are specified at all the nodes along the boundary edge. For simply supported
conditions, both u and w are specified to be zero at a point on the mid-plane for SS-1 and on
the bottom surface for SS-3, respectively. Only w = 0 is specified at a boundary point on the
mid-plane for SS-2 and on the bottom surface for SS-4. For circular plates, u = 0 is specified
at all nodes along the center line due to axisymmetry. The plate thickness h is held constant
and the outer radius a and inner radius b are changed to give different values of a/h and b/a.
All the numerical results shown in the present paper are non-dimensionalized according to
c3 = o9(pha4/D) t/2 for an isotropic material and a3 = o9(pha4/Dr) 1/2 for an orthotropic
z
U=0
W=0~

U=0

Clamped

U=0

U=0

SS-1

u=0

SS-2

U=0
/ ~-gj//

SS-3

SS-4
Fig. l. Types of boundary conditions.

864

Chorng-Fuh Liu and Ge-Tzung Chen

material where p is mass density, D = Eh3/12 (1 - v2) and D, = E,h3/12 (1 - v,ovor). E,, vo~
and v~o have been defined previously and E, v are Young's modulus and Poisson's ratio of
the isotropic material.
Tables 1 and 2 show the non-dimensional axisymmetric vibration frequencies for isotropic clamped and simply supported circular plates with Poisson's ratio equal to 0.3. The
finite element meshes consist of two-dimensional eight-node isoparametric quadratic elements [20] in the rz plane. The shape of all the elements used in the present investigation is
square with the side length equal to the plate thickness h, except for the isotropic annular
plates with b/a = 0.1 where the elemental side length in the radial direction is changed to
0.9 h. For the clamped cases, we find that the present results agree well with those obtained
by the classical-plate-theory approaches [4, 5], when the plate is thin. However, the
non-dimensional frequency decreases when the plate becomes thicker. The classical-platetheory approaches are not able to show this geometric effect. Irie et al. [2] used the shear
deformation theory of a plate and obtained the same trend as ours when plate thickness was
changed. Their results underestimate the present results for most cases. The same problems
are also analyzed by a commercial finite element package MARC with the 3D brick-type
element. The results from MARC justify the accuracy of the present approach. However, the
present axisymmetric element is much more economical than the 3D brick element in

Table 1. Non-dimensional frequencies 69 for clamped isotropic circular plates

a/h
Mode 1

Mode 2

Mode 3
Mode 4

10

20

50

9.204
9.204
8.807

9.563
9.563
9.240

10.091
10.091
9.941

10.212
10.212
10.145

10.229
10.251
10.216
10.219
10.215

29.055
27.253

31.822
30.211

37.324
36.479

39.209
38.855

39.731
39.771
39.796

Present

53.810"
49.420

60.742
56.682

78.151
75.664

86.064
84.995

88.706
89.104

Present

82.478
73.054

93.856*
85.571

128.662
123.319

148.864
146.400

156.747
158.184

Present

Present
MARC
[2]
I5]
[43
1-2]
[5]
1-2]
1-2]

Table 2. Non-dimensional frequencies 69 for simply supported isotropic circular plates

a/h
Mode 1

Mode 2

10

20

4.733
4.725
4.733
6.874
6.874
4.664
4.696

4.802
4.795
4.802
7.082
7.082
4.762
4.777

4.901
4.897
4.901
7.409
7.409
4.893
4.894

4.926
4.925
4.926
7.526
7.526
4.925
4.925

24.042
24.042
23.910
22.839
23.254

25.599
25.599
26.414
24.876
24.994

28.452
28.452
30.878
28.322
28.240

29.383
29.383
32.310
29.362
29.323

50
4.934

4.934
4.935
4.935
4.935
4.935

Present SS1
MARC SS1
Present SS2
Present SS3
MARC SS3
Present SS4
I-2]
[3]
[4]
[5]

29.665
29.665
32.767
29.663
29.720
29.720
29.727

Present SS1
Present SS2
Present SS3
Present SS4
[2]
[3]
[5]

4.934
7.582

Finite element analysis of axisymrnetric vibration

865

running the computer. It is also observed that straining modes, which are different from
transversely flexural vibrating modes, exist. A " . " marks that there is a straining mode
between the present mode and the previous one. Fig. 2 shows the first five modes for
a clamped isotropic circular plate, a/h = 4. The straining mode can easily be found from the
figure and its frequency lies between the second and the third flexural vibrating modes. Such
a straining mode is not revealed in classical thin plate-theory-based analyses. It seems also
from the present results that, when the plate becomes thicker, the straining mode appears at
a lower non-dimensional frequency.
Table 2 shows the axisymmetric frequencies of simply supported circular plates. It is
found that, for thin plates, SS-1, SS-2 and SS-4 give almost the same frequencies as those
cited in the literature. However, there is a large discrepancy between the results of SS-3 and
the other simply supported conditions. It is noteworthy that the difference increases with
the increase of the ratio a/h. For thin plate (a/h = 50), the difference is even more than 53%!
A 3D analysis is also performed by MARC to demonstrate the accuracy of the present
analysis. Since SS-3 may be one of the most common and practical simply supported
conditions, it is therefore suggested, from the above observation, that we have to be very
careful when dealing with flexural vibration problems with simply supported conditions.
The geometric effect is also clear for the simply supported cases, but is less obvious than the
clamped circular plates.
In Tables 3-5, the axisymmetric frequencies for isotropic annular plates are presented for
three different ratios of inner-to-outer radius, b/a = 0.1, 0.3, 0.5. For each value of b/a,
three different values of a/h with additional a/h = 5 cases for b/a = 0.1 are considered, and
h is held constant as before. Table 3 shows the natural frequencies for clamped--clamped
(C-C) cases where the first one denotes the condition on the inner periphery and the second
the condition on the outer. The present results differ from those obtained by other methods
by less than 0.3% when the annular plate is thin. The same conclusion can be drawn for
most of the examples from Table 4 for simply supported-simply supported (S-S) cases and
Table 5 for free-simply supported (F-S) cases when SS-1, SS-2 and SS-4 conditions are used.
However, when the simply supported condition is of the SS-3 type, the first non-dimensional frequencies are much higher than those of the other simply supported types and the
difference increases as the plate becomes thinner just like the isotropic circular plates.
The axisymmetric frequencies for polar orthotropic circular plates are shown in Table 6
(clamped) and Table 7 (simply supported). The material properties are assigned as follows:
two orthotropies with Er/Eo equal to 0.5 and 5, E~ = Eo, Vor = Vrz = VzO = 0.3, and

0~6

a/h=4

; h=O.1

0.4

mode
a

5
4

0.2
[]

..

3-upper

0.0
O

;
I

0.00

0.05

0.10

0.15

0.20

0.25

0.30

0.35

surface

3 -middle

-0.2

3-lower

'

2
1

0.40

Fig. 2. The first five axisymmetric modes of a clamped, isotropic circular plate, a / h = 4.

surface

48.477

Mode 2

12.614
12.614
15.860
11.962

39.607
39.607*
34.973
35.353*

Mode 1

Mode 2

a/h

21.341

Mode 1

b/a=

72.763

26.998

0.1
20
41.405

101.520

75.151
75.344
75.439
75.369

10

27.315
27.262
27.296
27.281

50

0.3

118.535

44.579

20

b/a =

124.643
125.407
125.404

45.392
45.272
45.348

50

0.5

172.970

75.275

10

b/a =

14.340
14.340
19.975
14.345

50.581
50.581
56.572
50.492

47.509
47.509
50.413
46.644

0.1
20

13.932
13.932
19.028
13.868

10

b/a =

51.582
51.582
58.524
51.586
51.716
51.785

14.461
14.461
20.340
14.465
14.540
14.487
15.697

50

73.018
73.018"
67.406
70.859*

20.325
20.325
29.777
20.151

10

79.185
79.185
82.032
78.857

20.882
20.882
31.580
20.865

20

b/a =
0.3

81.308
81.308
86.937
81.290
81.787
81.744

21.047
21.047
32.301
21.047
21.149
21.080
21.149

50

131.221
131.221"
97.006
122.285"

37.685
37.685
54.462
36.853

10

20

50
39.938
39.938
62.299
39.932
39.985
40.044
40.150
157.072
157.072
159.540
156.955
158.618
158.658

39.403
39.403
60.148
39.289

149.697
149.697"
140.303
148.065"

242.832
246.188
246.410

89.133
89.223
89.256
89.251

50

20

b/a =

0.5

220.909

85.810

Table 4. Non-dimensional frequencies & for simply supported-simply supported isotropic annular plates

65.191

25.631

a/h

10

Table 3. Non-dimensional frequencies 6~ for clamped-clamped isotropic annular plates

[1]
[6]

SS-1
SS-2
SS-3
SS-4

[1]
[6]
[7]

SS-1
SS-2
SS-3
SS-4

[13
[6]
[9]

Present

[1]
[6]
[9]

Present

OQ

e~

Mode 2

Mode 1

a/h

25.488
25.488
26.176
24.720

4.730
4,730
7.000
4.690

28.236
28.236
30.603
28.106

4.822
4.822
7.325
4.815

10

29.118
29.118
31.990
29.098

4.845
4.845
7.437
4.844

20

b/a = 0.1

29.386
29.386
32.438
29.384
29.410
29.443

4.852
4.852
7.492
4.852
4.858
4.854
4.940

50

35.171
35.171
37.048
34.911

4.635
4.635
7.451
4.628

10

36.538
36.538
39,530
36.497

4,657
4.657
7.567
4.655

20

b/a = 0.3

36.960
36.960
40.294
36.956
37.010
37.044

4.663
4.663
7.622
4.663
4.659
4.663
4.725
4.663

50

60.225
60.225*
56.736
59.169"

5.037
5.037
8.838
5.028

10

Table 5. Non-dimensional frequencies & for free-simply supported isotropic annular plates

64.245
64.245
65.975
64.075

5.067
5.067
9.013
5.065

20

b/a = 0.5

65.576
65.576
68.826
65.562
65.760
65.843

5.075
5.075
9.086
5.075
5.072
5.076
5.072

50

[6]

Eli

SS-1
SS-2
SS-3
ss-4

[6]
E7]
E8]

Eli

SS-1
SS-2
SS-3
SS-4

o~

~a

t-a

868

Chorng-Fuh Liu and Ge-Tzung Chen

Table 6. Non-dimensional frequencies 69 for clampled polar orthotropic circular plates

a/h = 5
E,/Eo: 0.5
10.690

a/h = 10

a/h = 20

a/h = 50

0.5

0.5

0.5

8.012

11.354

8.468

11.498

8.554

11.510
11.480
11.488

8.551
8.598
--

Present
[4]
[5]

Table 7. Non-dimensional frequencies & for simply supported polar orthotropic circular plates

a/h = 5
E,/Eo:

a/h = 10

a/h = 20

a/h = 50

0.5

0.5

0.5

0.5

5.928
5.928
8.332
5.885

3.269
3.269
5.202
3.215

6.088
6.088
8.797
6.080

3.301
3.301
5.388
3.293

6.131
6.131
8.958
6.129

3.303
3.303
5.447
3.301

6.143
6.143
9.029
6.143
6.143
6.146

3.298
3.298
5.480
3.298
3.343
--

SS-1
SS-2
SS-3
SS-4
[4]
[5]

Table 8. Non-dimensional frequencies & for clamped-clamped polar orthotropic annular plates

a/h = 10
E,/Eo:

a/h = 20

a/h = 50

0.2

0.2

0.2

Mode 1

46.290

38.751

48.871

43.402

48.965
48.358

44.730
44.717

Mode 2

101.362

91.407

126.403

113.934

130.507
129.646

Mode 1

83.360

68.416

91.877

83.085

92.869
91.315

Mode 2

186.814

149.723

234.182

207.744

250.422
249.244

Present
[6]

b/a = 0.3
123.225 Present
124.532 [6]
88.458
88.835

Present
[6]

b/a = 0.5
239.854 Present
245.840 [6]

Er/Gr~ = 2.6. O t h e r P o i s s o n ' s ratios used in the p r e s e n t f o r m u l a t i o n can be c a l c u l a t e d using

f o r m u l a e like vroEo = vo~Er, h is a c o n s t a n t as for the i s o t r o p i c examples. Tables 6 a n d
7 reveal t h a t for E,/Eo = 0.5, the frequencies increase m o n o t o n i c a l l y with the increase of a/h
for all the b o u n d a r y conditions. H o w e v e r , for Er/Eo = 5, the frequencies increase first when
a/h increases from 5 to 20, a n d then decrease as a/h = 50 for c l a m p e d , SS-1, SS-2 a n d SS-4
types of b o u n d a r y conditions. T h e frequencies are m u c h higher for SS-3 t h a n the o t h e r
conditions, j u s t like the i s o t r o p i c cases. It is also f o u n d t h a t o r t h o t r o p y has a significant
effect on the n o n - d i m e n s i o n a l frequency.
F o r o r t h o t r o p i c a n n u l a r plates, b/a = 0.3, 0.5, E,/Eo = 0.2, 5 a n d a/h = 10, 20, 50 are
c o n s i d e r e d a n d the results are shown in Tables 8-12. F o r all cases, the n o n - d i m e n s i o n a l
frequencies increase with increase of the rati o a/h a n d b/a. F o r thin plates (a/h --- 50), the
present results are quite close to the results o b t a i n e d b y o t h e r researchers with F E M ['6] or
the Ritz m e t h o d ['8, 9-1. T h e g e o m e t r i c effect perceived from c h a n g i n g the r a t i o a/h is o b v i o u s
as before. T h e first frequencies with the SS-3-type simply s u p p o r t e d c o n d i t i o n are also
higher, j u s t the s a m e as all the o t h e r cases studied herein.
4. C O N C L U S I O N S
I n the present investigation, a n a x i s y m m e t r i c finite element is e m p l o y e d to analyze the
a x i s y m m e t r i c v i b r a t i o n of circular a n d a n n u l a r plates of i s o t r o p i c a n d p o l a r o r t h o t r o p i c
materials. A c l a m p e d a n d four simply s u p p o r t e d b o u n d a r y c o n d i t i o n s are considered. F r o m

Finite element analysis of axisymmetric vibration

869

Table 9. Non-dimensional frequencies 03 for simply supported-simply supported polar orthotropic annular plates,
b/a = 0.5

a/h =
Er/Eo:

a/h=

10

0.2

Mode 1

40.950
40.950
58.448
40.798

Mode 2

135.111
135.111"
123.421
133.296"

35.941
35.941"
47.953
31.961"

42.961
42.961
64.087
42.948

120.476
120.476
76.194
85.489

a/h=

20

0.2

153.584
153.584
161.606
153.300

50

0.2

38.352
38.352*
58.255
37.685*

144.980
144.980
124.944
136.036

43.595
43.595
66.391
43.596
43.720
43.720
43.720

39.114
39.114
60.981
39.069
39.263
39.260
--

SS-1
SS-2
SS-3
SS-4
[6]
[8]
[9]

160.970
160.970
177.158
160.955
162.550
162.550

155.544
155.544"
153.052
154.828"
157.865
--

SS-1
SS-2
SS-3
SS-4
[6]
[9]

Table 10. Non-dimensional frequencies 03 for simply supported-simply supported polar orthotropic annular
plates, b/a=0.3

a/h =

a/h=20

10

a/h =

50

Er/Eo:

0.2

0.2

0.2

Mode 1

24.893
24.893
34.176
24.878

18.903
18.903
27.411
17.914

25.845
25.845
36.486
25.851

19.605
19.605
30.064
19.469

26.136
26.136
37.401
26.138
26.192

19.814
19.814
30.868
19.806
19.854

SS-1
SS-2
SS-3
SS-4
[6]

Mode 2

77.981
77.981
85.441
77.607

68.528
68.528*
51.996
58.031"

84.926
84.926
97.464
84.893

76.834
76.834*
72.326
74.878*

87.348
87.348
102.042
87.351
87.848

79,830
79,830
80.084
79.692
80.450

SS-1
SS-2
SS-3
SS-4
[6]

Table 11. Non-dimensional frequencies 03 for free-simply supported polar orthotropic annular plates,

a/h =

a/h =

10

E,/Eo:

0.2

Mode 1

11.129
11.129
16.379
11.110

1.773
1.773
3.422
1.770

ll.260
11.260
16.829
11.256

Mode 2

66.942
66.942
71.740
66.649

57.028
57.028*
46.286
51.620"

71.586
71.586
79.144
71.531

0.2

a/h =

20
5

b/a =

50

0.2

1.781
1.781
3.482
1.781

11.298
11.298
17.014
11.298
11.304
11.300
11.305

1.784
1.784
3.502
1.784
1.783
---

SS-1
SS-2
SS-3
SS-4
[6]
[8]
[9]

62.096
62.096*
59.648
61.248"

73.146
73.146
81.776
73.139
73.462
73.459

63.816
63.816
63.971
63.756
64.162
--

SS-1
SS-2
SS3
SS-4
[6]
[9]

0.5

870

Chorng-Fuh Liu and Ge-Tzung Chen

Table 12. Non-dimensional frequencies 03 for free-simply supported polar orthotropic annular plates, b/a = 0.3
a/h = 10

a/h = 20

Er/Eo:

0.2

0.2

Mode 1

9.359
9.359
12.949
9.345

1.699
1.699
3203
1.697

9.466
9.466
13.269
9.463

Mode 2

44.560
44.560
49.174
44.457

31.924
31.924"
29.599
30.727*

46.716
46.716
52.311
46.696

a/h = 50
5

0.2

1.704
1.704
3.240
1.704

9.497
9.497
13.398
9.497
9.502
9.503

1.706
1.706
3.256
1.705
1.706
--

SS-1
SS-2
SS-3
SS-4
[6]
[8]

33.505
33.505
33.595
33.332

47.398
47.398
53.395
47.396
47.534

33.998
33.998
34.680
33.985
34.094

SS-1
SS-2
SS-3
SS-4
I-6]

the formulation and the obtained frequencies, it is shown that the present approach is
simple, accurate and the different types of simply supported boundary conditions can be
imposed easily and exactly, which is difficult or impossible for the conventional methods to
achieve. The results also show that different simply supported conditions can make
significant differences in the prediction of axisymmetric vibration frequencies for both thin
and thick plates. Straining modes are also found and their significance is yet to be
investigated. A shortcoming of the present approach is the lack of capability to analyze
asymmetric vibration of circular plates, therefore an extension of the present method to
have such a capability is in order and is currently under study by the authors.
REFERENCES
1. S. M. Vogel and D. W. Skinner, Natural frequencies of transversely vibrating uniform annular plates. J. Appl.
Mech. 32, 926 (1965).
2. T. Irie, G. Yamada and S. Aomura, Natural frequencies of Mindlin circular plates. J. Appl. Mech. 47, 652
(1980).
3. A. W. Leissa and Y. Narita, Natural frequencies of simply supported circular plates. J. Sound Vib. 711, 221
(1980).
4. H. K. Woo., P. G. Kirmser and C. L. Huang, Vibration of orthotropic circular plates with a concentric
isotropic core. AIAA J. 11, 1421 (1973).
5. R. Bell and J. Kirkhope, Vibration analysis of polar orthotropic discs using the transfer matrix method. J.
Sound Vib. 71, 421 (1980).
6. D. G. Gorman, Natural frequencies of polar orthotropic uniform annular plates. J. Sound Vib. 80, 145 (1982).
7. K. Vijayakumar and G. K. Ramaiah, On the use of a coordinate transformation for analysis of axisymmetric
vibration of polar orthotropic annular plates. J. Sound Vib. 24, 165 (1972).
8. Y. Narita, Free vibration of continuous polar orthotropic annular and circular plates. J. Sound Vib. 93, 503
(1984).
9. C. S. Kim and S. M. Dickinson, On the lateral vibration of thin annular and circular composite plates subject
to certain complieating effects, d. Sound Vib. 130, 363 (1989).
10. F. Ginesu, B. Picasso and P. Priolo, Vibration analysis of polar orthotropic annular discs. J. Sound Vib. 65, 97
(1979).
11. G. C. Pardoen, Static, vibration and buckling analysis of axisymmetric circular plates using finite elements.
Comput. Struct. 3, 355 (1973).
12. A. W. Leissa, Recent research in plate vibrations: classical theory, Shock Vib. Di9. 9, 13 (1977).
13. A.W. Leissa, Recent research in plate vibrations, 1973-1976: complicating effects. Shock Vib. Dig. 9, 21 (1977).
14. A. W. Leissa, Plate vibration research, 1976-1980: classical theory. Shock rib. Di9. 13, 11 (1981).
15. A. W. Leissa, Plate vibration research, 1976-1980: complicating effects. Shock Vib. Dio. 13, 19 (1981).
16. A. W. Leissa, Recent studies in plate vibrations: 1981-1985 Part I. classical theory. Shock Vib. Di9. 19, 11
(1987).
17. A.W. Leissa, Recent studies in plate vibrations: 1981-1985 Part II. complicating effects. Shock lib. Di9. 19, 10
(1987).
18. J.R. Hutchinson, Axisymmetric flexural vibrations of a thick free circular plate. J. Appl. Mech. 46, 139 (1979).
19. Z. Celep, Free vibration of some circular plates of arbitrary thickness. J. Sound Vib. 70, 379 (1980).
20. J. N. Reddy, An Introduction to the Finite Element Method, p. 253. McGraw-Hill, New York (1984).

Finite element analysis of axisymmetric vibration

APPENDIX
The elemental mass and stiffness matrices can be decomposed as

Ira]

=[-[mza]

[m12]1

L[mzl] [m22]J

[k]

[-[kill

=L[k~,d

[k12]]

[k.]J

where
(mll)i j =

(m22)ij = f pNiNjdv

(m12)u = (m20u = 0
(kal)ij = f(cllNh,Nj, r + easNi, rNj/r + c13NiNj,,/r + %3NiNs/r 2 + c66Ni,zNi,~)dv

(klz)u = f(clzN,,,N~,, + c~.3NiNj,Jr + e66Ni,~Ni,r)dv

(k2~)u = (k12)jl
(k22),J = f (cz2Ni,~N:,~ + c66Ni,,Nj, rdv

i,j = 1 ~n and integration is through the domain of an element.

MS 37-8-F

871