2011-09-19

Micropollutants
in the watercycle
experiences with o3zone
Dipl.-Ing. Sebastian Massolle M. Eng.

Agenda
Micropollutants: Problem localisation
Approach ozone application
The projects established by ITT Wedeco

Regensdorf, Sui
Bad Sassendorf
Duisburg
Schwerte

Water & Wastewater

Ozone for micropollutant removal

September 19, 2011

2011-09-19

Where is the problem located?

Industrial wastewater

Municipal wastewater

Hospital Wastewater

Treatment
plants

WWTP

Treatment
plants

GroundWater
Surface
Water

The main pathways for

micropollutants in waste
water or drinking waters

Water & Wastewater

Ozone for micropollutant removal

September 19, 2011

Advanced Treatment
Discussed Treatment concepts
Improve the existing biological treatment system
Evaluation of the best additional treatment step (depending on the
water source, contaminant and treatment goal):
- Activated Carbon
- Oxidation Process (Ozone(UV/H2O2)
- Membranes (Nano, RO)
- Process combination of different steps
Anticipated conclusion:
Independent studies conducted by RWTH Aachen, EAWAG and
others identified Ozone treatment as most effective in terms of
elimination rate and treatments costs !
Water & Wastewater

Ozone for micropollutant removal

September 19, 2011

2011-09-19

The Pilot Project Regensdorf, SUI

Project Strategy Micropoll
16 month of piloting tertiary ozone treatment step designed to
remove certain micropullatants from WWTP
Fundation: Bundesamt fr Umwelt (BAFU)
Technical coordination: EAWAG, Hunziker, BAFU etc
Project termination: Juli 2007 Oktober 2008
Project location: WWTP cummune Regensdorf, capacity: 25.000
PE

Water & Wastewater

Ozone for micropollutant removal

September 19, 2011

The Pilot Project Regensdorf, SUI

Substances generally considered:
Pharmaceuticals
Persistent chemicals for residual purposes
Endokrine active substances
Biocides / Pesticides
Created byproducts

Water & Wastewater

Ozone for micropollutant removal

September 19, 2011

2011-09-19

The Pilot Project Regensdorf, SUI

Analysis focusses 50 compounds, which are inefficiently/not
removed by conventional treatment
(further screening for 150 additional cps.)
Selection criteria:
Polar substances present in water phase
Substances with proven impact on aquatic organisms (e.g.
biocides, hormone actives, antibiotika)
Presence and persistence in treatment plant
Analytic / detection of substance is feasible/easy to establish
Results from pre tests analysis
Different reaction rates / chemical structures
Water & Wastewater

Ozone for micropollutant removal

September 19, 2011

The Pilot Project Regensdorf, SUI

Process of the treatment plant
Installation of an additional ozone treatment step

Water & Wastewater

Ozone for micropollutant removal

September 19, 2011

2011-09-19

The Pilot Project Regensdorf, SUI

Excerpt of considered substances
active agent

k= [M-1*s-1]

ethinylestradiol

~3.0*106

bezafibrate

~0.6*103

carbamazepine

~0.3*106

diclofenac

~1.0*106

Ibuprofen

~9.6*103

sulfamethoxazole

~2.5*106

Water & Wastewater

Ozone for micropollutant removal

September 19, 2011

The Pilot Project Regensdorf, SUI

Water & Wastewater

Ozone for micropollutant removal

September 19, 2011

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2011-09-19

The Pilot Project Regensdorf, SUI

Efficiency of process steps
Reduction concentration:
Approx. 100 - 0.02 g/L
Step 1= 30-50 % reduction
Step 2 = 50-70 % reduction
Step 3 = 80-90 % reduction
=> approx. 98.5% reduction

first treatment step

Rake

Screening

Grid Sedimentation
basin
chamber

Sand

Sludge

second treatment step

Aeration
Air

Secondary
Sedimentation

Excess sludge

Return sludge

third treatment step

The WEDECO
Ozone system reduces
the rest of the pharmaceuticals

Ozone

Chemicals
Flocculation

Sludge

Water & Wastewater

Ozone for micropollutant removal

September 19, 2011

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The Pilot Project Regensdorf, SUI

Oxidation side products - Bromate

Bromate formation only for very high ozone doses

Concentrations remained below DW standards
Water & Wastewater

Ozone for micropollutant removal

September 19, 2011

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2011-09-19

The Pilot Project Regensdorf, SUI

Oxidation side products - Nitrosamines

Nitrosamine conc. over all seriously decreased in effluent

Water & Wastewater

Ozone for micropollutant removal

September 19, 2011

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The Pilot Project Regensdorf, SUI

Oxidation side products: Eco-toxicity
The following tests have been established:

Luminous bacteria test inhibition of bioluminescence

Algae tests - Inhibition of growth / photosynthesis,
Test for Acetylcholinesterase - Neurotoxicity
Yeast estrogen screen - endocrine disruption
Umu Test (ISO 13928) - genetoxicity

Water & Wastewater

Ozone for micropollutant removal

September 19, 2011

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Eco-toxicity
Oxidation side products: Eco-toxicity
The eco-toxity tests without reconcentration have shown
positive effects of the ozonation
The different assays havent shown any indication of
the formation of stable toxic reaction products in the ozonation
step in eco-toxicologically relevant concentrations.
Final report pilot tests Regensdorf of the eawag June 2009

Project MicroPoll (Sponsored by the government of Switzerland)

Project partner: EAWAG, consultant Hunziger, WABAG, WEDECO
Goal: Reduction of the EDCs in the municipal effluent in a large scale pilot
(Ozone production: 5 kgO3/h)

Water & Wastewater

Ozone for micropollutant removal

September 19, 2011

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The Pilot Project Regensdorf, SUI

Conclusions:
Full scale system demonstrates ozones effectiveness for
micropollutants
Over 50 micropollutants were studied

0.6 0.8 g Ozone / g DOC was sufficient to obtain 80% - 100% of the
tested micropollutants
Bromate formation was not a serious concern
Nitrosamines (esp. NDMA) were not a serious concern
Toxic side products were not created in eco-toxicologically significant
concentrations

Water & Wastewater

Ozone for micropollutant removal

September 19, 2011

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2011-09-19

The river Ruhr-Projects

An intensively used river with tight regional coupling between
sewage disposal and drinking water supply
drink- and process water catchment area for several million
people as well as for business and industrial establishments
In addition a recipient of treated residential and commercial waste
waters

Micropolluants detected: Hormones, pharmaceuticals,

cosmetics, pesticides, industrial base materials and final
substances as flame retardants and coatings
a scientific research program was
implemented by the state of NRW
to survey the processes required
to prevent the emission
of organic pollutants effectively
Water & Wastewater

Ozone for micropollutant removal

September 19, 2011

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WWTP Bad Sassendorf

Customer:

Emschergenossenschaft /
Lippeverband

Design office:

Hydroingenieure Dsseldorf

Location:

health resort Bad Sassendorf (NRW)

Size:

WWTP for 12.000 PE (average age: 47,8 years)

Flow rate:

300 m/h

Process:

After the clarifier and before the sand filter

+ ~ 1200 hospital beds

Start up:

January 2010

Ozone system:

4.6 kgO3/h containerized, 2 lines of contact tanks

Execution:

ITT WEDECO

Water & Wastewater

Ozone for micropollutant removal

September 19, 2011

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WWTP Schwerte
Customer:

Ruhrverband

Design office:

Ruhrverband

Location:

Schwerte (NRW)

Size:

WWTP for 30.000 PE

Flow rate:

1.150 m/h

Process:

Combined with a subsequent

Powder activated carbon

Start up:

April 2010

Ozone system:

Containersystem 8,0 kg/h

Execution:

ITT WEDECO/Krger Wabag

Water & Wastewater

Ozone for micropollutant removal

September 19, 2011

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WWTP Duisburg Vierlinden

Customer:

Stadtwerke Duisburg

Design office:

Deutsche Projektunion

Location:

Duisburg Vierlinden (NRW)

Size:

WWTP for 24.000 PE

(almost solely municipal)

Flow rate:

2 x 100 m/h

Process:

Comparison of different
introduction systems
Design optimization reaction tank

Start up:

February 2011

Ozone system:

2 x 1,95 kgO3/h, 2 lines of contact tanks (Injector/Diffuser)

Execution:

ITT WEDECO/Dr. Oswald Schulze

Water & Wastewater

Ozone for micropollutant removal

September 19, 2011

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Further projects
Treatment of a concentrated load

Hospital project (1 x 400 gO3/h) (Waldbrl)

Design office:
Execution:

Pry
ITT WEDECO/Stulz-Planaqua

Hospital project (1 x 150 gO3/h) (Marienhospital)

Design office:
Execution:

Tuttahs&Meyer
ITT WEDECO/KG Nellingen

Water & Wastewater

Ozone for micropollutant removal

September 19, 2011

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Ozone for EDC Removal

Conclusions
Ozone is a proven technology for
EDC removal
Demonstrated not just by ITT
research, but also third party
studies

Ozone is an efficient and costeffective option for wastewater

treatment
Ozone is not as complex as you
think!

Water & Wastewater

Ozone for micropollutant removal

September 19, 2011

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Questions?

Water & Wastewater

Ozone for micropollutant removal

September 19, 2011

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