Coasts Quiz

1) What is the coast?

a. Where the land meets the sea
b. The coast line is the interface between the land and the sea, it is where
they meet
c. The coast is a narrow zone where the land meets the sea, it is constantly
changing due to the effects of land, marine and air processes

2) What is
a. a swash - the water moving towards the coast
b. a backwash the water rolling back into the sea
c. an uprush the water rushing up the shore
d. a fetch the distance of water the wind blows over

3) What are the 3 key factors that make waves strong?

A stronger wind for more strength in the wave; a longer blow of wind so that
there is more time for the energy of the wave to build up; and a longer fetch
for more energy

4) What is a beach?
A beach is an accumulation of sand between the lower spring tide and the
higher spring tide
5) What are beaches made up of?
Sand, shingles and/or pebbles
6) Complete the following:
a. If the backwash has more energy than the uprush, the waves will
eat at the land. This happens with high, steep waves.
b. If the uprush has more energy than the backwash, material is
carried onto the land and left there. This happens with low flat waves.

7) What are tides and how do they occur?

Tides are the alternating rise and fall of the sea. They occur when the moon
orbits the sun, it attracts and pulls the sea upwards causing tides.
8) Name the 4 ways waves erode the land and how it happens
a. Attrition
b. Solution
c. Hydraulic reaction
d. ?

9)How are formed?

a. Headlands cliffs of hard rock, left jutting out when soft rock erodes
quicker than hard rock
b. i) Wave-cut notch when the bottom part of a cliff erodes, it carves wave
cut notches
ii) Wave-cut platform when the top part of the wave cut notch breaks off
c. Bay when the soft rock of the wave-cut platform erodes
d. Cave when cracks on a rock are deepened by the waves constantly
hitting against them, they form a hole but you cannot see the other end of
the hole
e. Arch when the whole cave erodes and you can see through it, its formed
an arch
f. Stack when the top of the arch erodes so it looks like there is an
abandoned rock at sea
g. Stump an eroded stack
h. Beach deposited eroded material in an area
i. Spit sand and shingle deposited in an area
j. Salt Marsh silt and mud builded up in an area

10) Complete the table

Landform

Created by
erosion

Headland

Wave-Cut notch

Wave-cut platform

Cave

Bay

Arch

Stack

Stump

Beach

Created by
deposition

Spit

Salt marsh

11) List 3 uses of the coast

12) How can we protect the coast?
13) List some sea defenses
a. Sea wall