Dialogue

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Unit 1
你的中国话说得真好.
Reading
你的中国话说得真好
大卫第一次来中国的时候，中文水平很有限，只会几个简单的词组和句子。但就是
这几句简单的中国话，会改变很多中国人对他的印象和态度。比如说，他去商店买东西，
一开始经常被售货员们冷落在一边，但是只要大卫说一句“你好”或者“劳驾”之类的问
候语，他们就会面露微笑，热情地过来招呼他。有时候大卫在马路上问路，被问的行人还
会主动和他聊天。
经过一段时间的观察，大卫发现很多中国人对于他们的语言，有一种特殊的感情。
简单说来，他们在潜意识里都不约而同地认为，中国话是世界上最难学的语言之一。同样
的，中国文化是世界上最悠久灿烂的文化。一个西方人能学会几个生词，把四声搞清楚，
就已经是不小的成绩了。有不少中国人一提起学中文的外国人，就会表示不相信外国人会
把中文学得很好，顶多知道些皮毛而已。但是另一方面，他们觉得研究中国文化的外国人
是可敬而且可爱的，因为那显示了他们对中国这个古老民族的尊重。基于这种心态，一般
的中国老百姓对于能够说一点中国话的外国人会自然而然地产生好感，他们喜欢告诉对方
：“你的中国话说得真好。”
但是，作为一个外国学生，只学会拼音和单词还远远不够，也应该充分重视中国人
的文化和语言。有一个美国学生在打电话的时候，习惯告诉对方：“喂，这个是农业大学
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的小李。”尽管他没有犯任何语法错误，他的普通话发音极其标准，他甚至还用了中国式
的名字和称呼，可是电话那头的中国朋友听起来还是会觉得彆扭，因为一般中国人在打电
话的时候会说：“我是农业大学的小李。”
另一个例子是大卫的一个同学。他是个典型的美国人，喜欢在公共场合发表自己的
意见，想到什麽说什麽。到了中国之後，他老脾气不改，用中文和别人抬槓。结果，虽然
他的中文非常流利，他的中国朋友还是一个个跟他疏远了。大卫猜想那是因为大部分人都
不喜欢他咄咄逼人的态度。经过几年的中文学习，大卫渐渐意识到，学习外国语言和文化
的时候，他自己的某些观念也会改变。对于外来文化的接受在某种程度上也意味着对本土
文化的部分放弃。有些美国人很不愿意作出这种牺牲，但是对大卫来讲，为了对中国文化
有深层次的了解，这种牺牲是值得的。
SpeechPattern
比如说 for example
比如说，他去商店买东西，一开始经常被售货员们冷落在一边。
For example, at first he would always be ignored by the salespeople
when he went shopping in stores.
1. 小玉和她的同学们关系很好。比如说，她们经常一起去饭馆吃饭。
Xiaoyu get along well with her classmates. For example, they
often go to restaurants together.
2. 北京和纽约有点儿相似。比如说，这两个城市的居民都喜欢看戏。
Beijing is kind of similar with New York. For instance, the
residents of the both cities love to go to theater.
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经过．．．的 + 动词 after doing something
经过一段时间的观察，大卫发现很多中国人对于他们的语言，有一种特殊的感情。
After some time of observation, David noticed that a lot of
Chinese have a special feeling towards their language.
1. 经过两年的学习，大卫的汉语有了很大进步。
After two years of study, David has made a great progress
in his Chinese learning.
2. 经过几个月的写作，李先生完成了他的小说。
After several month of writing, Mr. Li has finished his novel.
同样的 in the same manner, similarly
同样的，中国文化是世界上最悠久灿烂的文化。
Similarly, Chinese culture is the most historical and brilliant
culture in the world.
1. 商店的售货员对大卫很热情，同样的，路上的行人对他也很友好。
The clerks in the stores are very nice to David. Similarly,
the pedestrians on the street are also friendly to him.
2. 王文喜欢在家里发表意见，同样的，他也喜欢在学校里发表意见。
Wang Wen likes to speak out his opinions at home. In the
same manner, he likes to express his comments at school
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as well.
把．．．搞 + 形容词 make something (clear, confusing, etc.)
把四声搞清楚。
(They can) clearly distinguish the four tones.
1. 经过一个星期的研究，小李终于把这个问题搞清楚了。
After a week of research, Xiao Li finally solved the
problem.
2. 他在电话里说外国话，把我都搞糊涂了。
He spoke foreign languages over the telephone and made
me confused.
．（而已） at most
顶多．．
顶多知道些皮毛而已。
(They) only knew the surface (of Chinese culture) at most.
1. 小王比大卫顶多大两岁而已。
Xiao Wang is older than David for at most two years.
2. 李太太不喜欢和人打招呼，遇见朋友顶多笑一笑而已。
Mrs. Li does not like to greet people. She would at
most smile a little when running into a friend.
3. 新来的老师很年轻，看上去顶多三十岁。
The new teacher is quite young. He looks at mot
thirty years old.
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作为 as
但是，作为一个外国学生，只学会拼音和单词还远远不够。
However, as a foreign student, it is far not enough to
have only learned pinyin and vocabulary.
1. 作为一个中文老师，马先生觉得他有责任帮助他的学生学好中文。
As a teacher of Chinese, Mr. Ma feels responsible
to help his students to master Chinese language.
2. 作为主人，我们应该尊重客人的习惯。
As the hosts, we should respect the guests' habit.
尽管．．．可是 although
尽管他没有犯任何语法错误，可是电话那头的中国朋友听起来还是会觉得彆扭。
Although he did not make any grammatical mistake,
the Chinese friend on the other end of the telephone
would still feel uncomfortable.
1. 尽管小张学习很努力，可是他的成绩一直不太好。
Even though Xiao Zhang studies very hard, his
grade has not been very good.
2.尽管有些美国学生很喜欢学中文，可是他们有时还是不习惯中国人的一些礼节。
Although some American students love to study
Chinese, sometimes they are still not used to
some of Chinese rituals and customs.
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极其 very, extremely
他的普通话发音极其标准。
His pronunciation of Putonghuan is very accurate.
1. 我的中国老师写的字极其漂亮。
The handwriting of my Chinese teacher is very
beautiful.
2. 这位美国朋友唱歌极其好听。
This American friend sings very well.
甚至 even
他甚至还用了中国式的名字和称呼。
He even used a name and address of Chinese style.
1. 为了买到这本书，他甚至把父亲送他的手錶卖了。
He even sold the watch given by his father in
order to purchase this book.
2. 我对那篇文章的作者一点儿都不了解。我甚至不知道他是男的还是女的。
I know nothing about the author of the book.
I don't even know if he is a man or a woman.
结果 as a result (usually negative)
结果，虽然他的中文非常流利，他的中国朋友还是一个个跟他疏远了。
As a result, even though his Chinese is very good,
his Chinese friends gradually became estranged from
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him one by one.
1. 他喜欢和别人争论问题，结果，他的同学们都不愿意和他说话了。
He liked to argue with others. As a result,
all of his classmates did not
talk to him anymore.
2. 王伟经常在上班的时候和朋友聊天，结果，他的经理越来越不喜欢他了。
Wang Wei always chatted with his friends during
work. As a result, his manager disliked him more
and more.
渐渐 gradually
大卫渐渐意识到，学习外国语言和文化的时候，他自己的某些观念也会改变。
David gradually realized that, during the study of
foreign languages and cultures, his own opinions and
concepts will change as well.
1. 在中国待了两年以後，大卫渐渐迷上了这个国家。
After having lived in China for two years, David
gradually became fond of this country.
2. 上了几个月的课，李新的英文写作渐渐有了进步。
After having taken the course for several months,
Li Xin gradually made a progress in his English
composition.
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值得 worth of
为了对中国文化有深层次的了解，这种牺牲是值得的。
The sacrifice is worth of making in order to get a
deep understanding of Chinese culture.
1. 张太太结婚以後不再工作，她觉得，为了家庭，这样做是值得的。
Mrs. Zhang stopped working after getting married.
To her, it is worth of doing so for her family.
2.大卫花了很多时间学习中文，他甚至都没有时间找女朋友。朋友们都认为他这样做
不值得，大卫却不这麽想。
David spent a lot of time studying Chinese. He
even didn't have time to find a girlfriend. Many
of his friends thought it was not worthy, but David
didn't think so.

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比如说 for example

For example, at first he would always be ignored by the salespeople

when he went shopping in stores.

often go to restaurants together.

Beijing is kind of similar with New York. For instance, the

residents of the both cities love to go to theater.

经过．．．的 + 动词 after doing something

After some time of observation, David noticed that a lot of

Chinese have a special feeling towards their language.

After two years of study, David has made a great progress

in his Chinese learning.

After several month of writing, Mr. Li has finished his novel.

同样的 in the same manner, similarly

Similarly, Chinese culture is the most historical and brilliant

culture in the world.

The clerks in the stores are very nice to David. Similarly,

the pedestrians on the street are also friendly to him.

Wang Wen likes to speak out his opinions at home. In the

same manner, he likes to express his comments at school

把．．．搞 + 形容词 make something (clear, confusing, etc.)

(They can) clearly distinguish the four tones.

After a week of research, Xiao Li finally solved the

He spoke foreign languages over the telephone and made

(They) only knew the surface (of Chinese culture) at most.

Xiao Wang is older than David for at most two years.

Mrs. Li does not like to greet people. She would at

most smile a little when running into a friend.

The new teacher is quite young. He looks at mot

thirty years old.

However, as a foreign student, it is far not enough to

have only learned pinyin and vocabulary.

As a teacher of Chinese, Mr. Ma feels responsible

to help his students to master Chinese language.

As the hosts, we should respect the guests' habit.

Although he did not make any grammatical mistake,

the Chinese friend on the other end of the telephone

would still feel uncomfortable.

Even though Xiao Zhang studies very hard, his

grade has not been very good.

Although some American students love to study

Chinese, sometimes they are still not used to

some of Chinese rituals and customs.

His pronunciation of Putonghuan is very accurate.

The handwriting of my Chinese teacher is very

This American friend sings very well.

He even used a name and address of Chinese style.

He even sold the watch given by his father in

order to purchase this book.

I know nothing about the author of the book.

I don't even know if he is a man or a woman.

结果 as a result (usually negative)

As a result, even though his Chinese is very good,

his Chinese friends gradually became estranged from

He liked to argue with others. As a result,

all of his classmates did not

talk to him anymore.

Wang Wei always chatted with his friends during

work. As a result, his manager disliked him more

David gradually realized that, during the study of

foreign languages and cultures, his own opinions and

concepts will change as well.

After having lived in China for two years, David

gradually became fond of this country.