Acoustic & Broadcasting [MITRC refresher]

1.
a.
b.
c.
d.

Which best describe the sound wave?

It may be longitudinal
It is always transverse
It is always longitudinal
All of the above

2.
a.
b.
c.
d.

Which of the following can not travel through a vacuum?

Electromagnetic wave
Radio wave
Soundwave
Light wave

3.
a.
b.
c.
d.

Through which medium does sound travel fastest?

Air
Water
Steel
Mercury

4.
a.
b.
c.
d.

Speed that is faster than that of sound.

Ultrasonic
Supersonic
Subsonic
Transonic

5.
a.
b.
c.
d.

What is the speed of sound in air at 20C?

1087 ft/s
1100 ft/s
1126 ft/s
200 ft/s

6.
a.
b.
c.
d.

Calculate a half wavelength sound for sound of 16000 Hz

35 ft
10 ft
0.035 ft
100 ft

7.
a.
b.
c.
d.

The lowest frequency that a human ear can hear is

5 Hz
20 Hz
30 Hz
20 Hz

8.
a.
b.
c.
d.

Sound that vibrates at frequency too high for the human ear to hear (over 20 kHz)
Subsonic
Ultrasonic
Transonic
Stereo

9.
a.
b.
c.
d.

The frequency interval between two sounds whose frequency ratio is 10

Octave
Half octave
Third-octave
Decade

10.
a.
b.
c.
d.

A 16 KHz sound is how many octaves higher than a 500 Hz sound

2
5
4
8

11.
a.
b.
c.
d.

Sound waves composed of but one frequency is a/an

Infra sound
Pure tone
Structure borne
Residual sound

12.
a.
b.
c.
d.

Sound wave has two main characteristics which are

Highness and loudness
Tone and loudness
Pitch and loudness
Rarefactions and compressions

13.
a.
b.
c.
d.

When waves bend away from straight lines of travel, it is called

Reflection
Diffraction
Rarefaction
Refraction

14.
which
a.
b.
c.
d.

The amplitude of sound waves, the maximum displacement of each air particle, is the property
perceive as _____ of a sound
Pitch
Intensity
Loudness
Harmonics

15.
a.
b.
c.
d.

It is the weakest sound that average human hearing can detect.

SPL = 0 dB
Threshold of hearing
Reference pressure = 2 x 10-5N/m2
A, b, c

16.
a.
b.
c.
d.

What is a device that is used to measure the hearing sensitivity of a person?

Audiometer
OTDR
SLM
Spectrum analyzer

17.
What is the device used in measuring sound pressure levels incorporating a microphone,
amplification, filtering and a display.
a.
Audiometer
b.
OTDR
c.
SLM
d.
Spectrum analyzer
18.
of the
a.
b.
c.
d.
19.

What weighted scale in a sound level meter gives a reading that is most closely to the response
human ear?
Weighted scale A
Weighted scale B
Weighted scale C
Weighted scale D
For aircraft noise measurements, the weighting scale that is used is _____.

a.
b.
c.
d.

Weighted scale A
Weighted scale B
Weighted scale C
Weighted scale D

20.
a.
b.
c.
d.

It is the device used to calibrate an SLM?

Microphone
Pistonphone
Telephone
Filter

21.
a.
b.
c.
d.

_____ is the sound power measured over the area upon which is received.
Sound pressure
Sound energy
Sound intensity
Sound pressure level

22.
a.
b.
c.
d.

A measure of the intensity of sound in comparison to another sound intensity

Phon
Decibel
Pascal
Watts

23.
a.
b.
c.
d.

Calculate the sound intensity level in dB of a sound whose intensity is 0.007 W/m2.
95 dB
91 dB
98 dB
101 dB

24.
a.
b.
c.
d.

What is the sound pressure level for a given sound whose RMS pressure is 200/m2?
200 dB
20 dB
140 dB
14 dB

25.
a.
b.
c.
d.

What is the sound intensity for an RMS pressure of 200 Pascal?

90 W/m2
98 W/m2
108 W/m2
88 W/m2

26.
a.
b.
c.
d.

The sound pressure level is increased by _____ dB if the pressure is doubled.

3
4
5
6

27.
a.
b.
c.
d.

The sound pressure level is increased by _____ dB if the intensity is doubled.

3
4
5
6

28.
a.
b.
c.
d.

If four identical sounds are added what is the increase in level in dB?
3
4
5
6

29.
The transmission of sound from one room to an adjacent room, via common walls, floors or
ceilings.
a.
Flanking transmission
b.
Reflection
c.
Refraction
d.
Reverberation
30.
a.
b.
c.
d.

_____ is the continuing presence of an audible sound after the sound source has stop.
Flutter echo
Sound concentration
Sound shadow
Reverberation

31.
a.
b.
c.
d.

Required time for any sound to decay to 60 dB

Echo time
Reverberation time
Delay time
Transient time

32.
a.
b.
c.
d.

A room containing relatively little sound absorption

Dead room
Anechoic room
Live room
Free-field

33.
A room in which the walls offer essentially 100% absorption, therefore simulating free field
conditions.
a.
Dead room
b.
Anechoic room
c.
Live room
d.
Closed room
34.
Calculate the reverberation time of the room, which has a volume of 8700 ft3 and total sound
absorption 140 sabins.
a.
0.3 sec
b.
3.5 sec
c.
3 sec
d.
0.53 sec
35.
It is an audio transducer that converts acoustic pressure in air into its equivalent electrical
impulses
a.
Loudspeaker
b.
Amplifier
c.
Baffle
d.
Microphone
36.
a.
b.
c.
d.

_____ is a pressure type microphone with permanent coil as a transducing element.

Dynamic
Condenser
Magnetic
Carbon

37.
a.
b.
c.
d.

A microphone which has an internal impedance of 25 k is _____ type.

High impedance
Low impedance
Dynamic
Magnetic

38.
a.
b.
c.
d.

A microphone that uses the piezoelectric effect

Dynamic
Condenser
Crystal
Carbon

39.
_____ is a type of loudspeaker driver with an effective diameter of 5 inches used at midrange
audio frequency.
a.
Tweeter
b.
Woofer
c.
Mid-range
d.
A or C
40.
a.
b.
c.
d.

_____ is measure of how much sound is produced from the electrical signal.
Sensitivity
Distortion
Efficiency
Frequency response

41.
a.
b.
c.
d.

It describes the output of a microphone over a range of frequencies.

Directivity
Sensitivity
Frequency response
All of the above

42.
A loudspeaker radiates an acoustic power of 1 mW if the electrical input is 10 W. What is its
rated efficiency?
a.
-10 dB
b.
-20 dB
c.
-30 dB
d.
-40 dB
43.
An amplifier can deliver 100 W to a loudspeaker. If the rated efficiency of the loudspeaker is -60
dB. What is the maximum intensity 300 ft from it?
a.
10 dB
b.
20 dB
c.
30 dB
d.
40 dB
44.
a.
b.
c.
d.

Speaker is a device that

Converts sound waves into current and voltage
Converts current variations into sound waves
Converts electrical energy to mechanical energy
Converts electrical energy to electromagnetic energy

45.
a.
b.
c.
d.

The impedance of most drivers is about _____ ohms at their resonant frequency.
4
6
8
10

46.
a.
b.
c.
d.

It is a transducer used to convert electrical energy to mechanical energy.

Microphone
Baffle
Magnetic assemble
Driver

47.
a.
b.
c.
d.

It is an enclosure used to prevent front and back wave cancellation.

Loudspeaker
Driver
Baffle
Frame

48.
A circuit that divides the frequency components into separate bands in order to have individual
feeds to the different drivers.
a.
Suspension system
b.
Dividing network
c.
Magnet assembly
d.
Panel board
49.
a.
b.
c.
d.

_____ is early reflection of sound.

Echo
Pure sound
Reverberation
Intelligible sound

50.
a.
b.
c.
d.

Noise reduction system used for film sound in movie.

Dolby
DBx
dBa
dBk

51.
Using a microphone at less than the recommended working distance will create a _____ which
greatly increases the low frequency signals.
a.
Roll-off
b.
Proximity effect
c.
Drop out
d.
None of the choices
52.
a.
b.
c.
d.

What is the unit of loudness?

Sone
Phon
Decibel
Mel

53.
a.
b.
c.
d.

A unit of noisiness related to the perceived noise level

Noy
dB
Sone
Phon

54.
a.
b.
c.
d.

What is the loudness level of a 1KHz tone if its intensity is

100 phons
105 phons
110 phons
100 phons

1 x 10-5W/cm2?

55.
What is the process of sending voice, speech, music or image intended for reception by the
general public?
a.
Navigation
b.
Telephony
c.
Broadcasting
d.
Mixing
56.

What is the frequency tolerance for the RF carrier in the standard AM radio broadcast band?

a.
b.
c.
d.

Zero
20 Hz
10 Hz
20 KHz

57.
a.
b.
c.
d.

The transmitting antenna for an AM broadcast station should have a _____ polarization.
Vertical
Horizontal
Circular
Elliptical

58.
a.
b.
c.
d.

The part of a broadcast day from 6 PM to 6 AM local time

Daytime
Nighttime
Bed time
Experimental period

59.
a.
b.
c.
d.

The service area where the signal is not subject to fading and co-channel interference.
Primary Service Area
Secondary Service Area
Intermittent Service Area
Quarternary Service Area

60.
It is a resistive load used in place of an antenna to test a transmitter under normal loaded
condition without actually radiating the transmitters output signal.
a.
Auxiliary Tx
b.
Main Tx
c.
Secondary Tx
d.
Artificial Antenna
61.
The operating power of the auxiliary transmitter shall not be less than _____% or never greater
than the authorized operating power of the main transmitter.
a.
5
b.
10
c.
15
d.
20
62.
a.
b.
c.
d.

What are the frequency limits of the MF BC band?

300-3000 kHz
3-30 MHz
535-1605 kHz
88-108 MHz

63.
a.
b.
c.
d.

The center to center spacing between two adjacent stations in the Phil. AM BC band is ____.
9 kHz
200 kHz
36 kHz
800 kHz

64.
How many AM stations can be accommodated in a 150-kHz bandwidth if the highest
modulating frequency is 10 kHz?
a.
10
b.
15
c.
7
d.
14
65.
a.
b.

Short wave broadcasting operates in what band?

MF
HF

c.
d.

VHF
VLF

66.
a.
b.
c.
d.

What does the acronym STL stand for?

Station-to-link
Signal-to-loss-ratio
Shout-to-live
Studio-to-transmitter-link

67.
a.
b.
c.
d.

One of the main considerations in the selection of antenna site is (AM)

Conductivity of the soil
Height of the terrain
Elevation of the site
Accessibility

68.
a.
b.
c.
d.

One of the broadcast transmission auxiliary services is:

Remote pick-up
STL
Communication, Coordination and Control
All of the above

69.
a.
b.
c.
d.

What is the spacing between any two adjacent channels in the FM broadcast band?
20 KHz
36 KHz
200 KHz
800 KHz

70.
a.
b.
c.
d.

The first channel in the FM BC band has a center frequency of

88 MHz
88.1 MHz
88.3 MHz
108 MHz

71.
What is the radio transmission of two separate signals, left, and right, used to create a
multidimensional effect on the receiver?
a.
SCA
b.
Stereo system
c.
Pilot transmission
d.
Monophonic transmission
72.
a.
b.
c.
d.

The carrier frequency tolerance for FM broadcasting is _____.

25 kHz
2 kHz
20 kHz
30 kHz

73.
a.
b.
c.
d.

What is the modulation used by the stereophonic subcarrier?

FM
PM
ISB
DSB

74.
a.
b.
c.
d.

What is the pilot signal for stereo FM?

4.25 MHz
10 kHz
19 KHz
38 KHz

75.
does?
a.
b.
c.
d.

With stereo FM transmission, does a monaural receiver produce all the sounds that a stereo
Yes
No
Either a or b
Neither a or b

76.
a.
b.
c.
d.

Where is de-emphasis added in a stereo FM system?

Before the matrix at the TX
Before the matrix at the RX
After the matrix at the TX
After the matrix at the RX

77.
a.
b.
c.
d.

Where is the pre-emphasis added in a stereo FM system?

Before the matrix at the TX
Before the matrix at the RX
After the matrix at the TX
After the matrix at the RX

78.
a.
b.
c.
d.

The normal frequency for an SCA subcarrier is _____ KHz.

67
76
38
19

79.
a.
b.
c.
d.

A monaural FM receiver receives only the _____ signal of a stereo multiplex transmission.
L+R
LR
Both a & b
67 KHz

80.
a.
b.
c.
d.

When fed to the stereo FM modulator, in what form are the L R signals?
AF
DSBSC
19 kHz
38 kHz

81.
An additional channel of multiplex information that is authorized by the FCC for stereo FM radio
stations to feed services such as commercial-free programming to selected customers.
a.
STL
b.
EBS
c.
EIA
d.
SCA
82.
a.
b.
c.
d.

The class of FM station, which has an authorized radiated power not exceeding 125 KW:
Class C
Class A
Class D
Class B

83.
An FM broadcast station, which has an authorized transmitter power not exceeding 10 KW and
ERP not exceeding 30 KW:
a.
Class D
b.
Class C
c.
Class A
d.
Class B
84.

A class of FM station which is limited in antenna height of 500 ft. above average terrain

a.
b.
c.
d.

Class D
Class C
Class A
Class B

85.
a.
b.
c.
d.

What type of broadcast service might have their antennas on top of hills?
FM
AM
TV
A&C

86.
a.
b.
c.
d.

How are guardbands allocated in commercial FM stations?

25 kHz on either sides of the transmitting signal
50 kHz on each side of the carrier
75 kHz deviation
15 kHz modulation

87.
How many commercial FM broadcast channels can fit into the bandwidth occupied by a
commercial TV station?
a.
10
b.
20
c.
30
d.
40
88.
How many international commercial AM broadcast channels can fit into the bandwidth occupied
by a commercial TV station?
a.
100
b.
200
c.
125
d.
600
89.
What kind of modulation is used for the sound portion of a commercial broadcast TV
transmission?
a.
PM
b.
FM
c.
C3F
d.
AM
90.
a.
b.
c.
d.

Estimate the bandwidth occupied by the sound portion of a TV transmission in US.

25 kHz
800 kHz
80 kHz
200 kHz

91.
What is the main reason why television picture signal uses amplitude modulation, while voice is
frequency modulated?
a.
Better efficiency
b.
Eliminate attenuation of both video and audio
c.
Maintain synchronized scanning between transmit and received video
d.
To minimize interference between signals at received end
92.
a.
b.
c.
d.

The picture and sound carrier frequencies in a TV receiver are _____ respectively.
41.25 MHz, 45.75 MHz
45.25 MHz, 41.75 MHz
41.75 MHz, 45.25 MHz
45.75 MHz, 41.25 MHz

93.

What is the separation between visual and aural carrier in TV broadcasting?

a.
b.
c.
d.

1.25 MHz
4.5 MHz
5.75 MHz
0.25 MHz

94.
a.
b.
c.
d.

What is the separation between the lower limit of a channel and the aural carrier?
1.25 MHz
4.5 MHz
5.75 MHz
0.25 MHz

95.
a.
b.
c.
d.

What is the visual carrier for channel 12?

205.25 MHz
55.25 MHz
65.75 MHz
59.75 MHz

96.
a.
b.
c.
d.

What is the aural carrier for channel 3?

61.25 MHz
55.25 MHz
65.75 MHz
59.75 MHz

97.
a.
b.
c.
d.

What is color subcarrier for channel 2?

68.83 MHz
211.25 MHz
58.83 MHz
214.83 MHz

98.
If the sound carrier for UHF channel 23 is 529.75 MHz, what is the frequency of the tuners local
oscillator, when turned to this channel?
a.
571 MHz
b.
511 MHz
c.
498 MHz
d.
500 MHz
99.
a.
b.
c.
d.

What is the frequency tolerance in the color carrier of TV broadcasting?

2 kHz
20 Hz
10 Hz
1 kHz

100.
a
b
c
d

What is the exact picture carrier frequency for frequency for channel 7 offset by 10 KHz?
175.25 MHz
175.26 MHz
174 MHz
175.24 MHz

101.
a.
b.
c.
d.

TV channels 7, 11 and 13 are known as _____.

Mid band UHF
Low band UHF
High band VHF
low band UHF

102.
a.
b.
c.

What is eliminated by using interlaced scanning?

Noise
Excessive BW
Frame

d.

a.
b.
c.
d.

a.
b.
c.
d.

Flicker

103.
What percentage of the primary colors used in color TV are needed to produce the brightest
white?
30% red, 59% green, 11% blue
33% red, 33% green, 33% blue
50% red, 28% green, 22% blue
58% red, 20% green, 22% blue
104.
Red
Yellow
Green
Blue

The color with the most luminance is

105.
Suppose the signal from a color camera has R=0.8, G=0.4 and B=0.2, where 1 represents the
maximum signal possible. Determine the value at the luminance signal
a.
0.498
b.
0.254
c.
0.1325
d.
1.4
106.
a.
b.
c.
d.

In the previous problem, calculate the chrominance signal

0.305
0.304
0.498
0.022

107.
a.
b.
c.
d.

The three complementary colors are:

White, yellow, cyan
Black, white, gray
Yellow, magenta, cyan
Violet, indigo, fushcia

108.
a.
b.
c.
d.

When the colors Magenta and Yellow are mixed the resultant color is:
Red
White
Blue
Green

109.
violet,
a.
b.
c.
d.

Which of the following consist of two of the three primary colors in television signal? a) red, b)
c) yellow, and d) blue
A and B
B and C
C and D
A and D

110.
a.
b.
c.
d.

The studio camera produces a luminance signal that contains information about
The musical content
The speech content
The brightness of the scene
The color content of the scene

111.
a.
b.
c.
d.

Brightness variations of the picture information are in which signal?

I
Q
Y
Z

112.
MHz C
a.
b.
c.
d.

Which of the following is the color video signal transmitted as amplitude modulation of the 3.58
signal with bandwidth of 0 to 1.3 MHz?
I signal
Q signal
Y signal
X signal

113.
MHz C
a.
b.
c.
d.

Which of the following is the color video signal transmitted as amplitude modulation of the 3.58
signal in quadrature with bandwidth of 0 to 0.5 MHz?
I signal
Q signal
Y signal
Z signal

114.
gain of
a.
b.
c.
d.

The _____ affects the difference between black and white on the picture tube and controls the
the video amplifier
Brightness control
Volume control
Power control
Contrast control

115.
a.
b.
c.
d.

Which of the following is not a requirement for a color TV signal?

compatibility with b lack and white receivers
Within 6 MHz bandwidth
Simulate a wide variety of colors
Functional with baron super antenna

116.
a.
b.
c.
d.

How many electron beams actually leave the electron gun of a single-gun color CRT?
1
2
3
1/3

117.
a.
b.
c.
d.

What is the difference between the sound carrier and color subcarrier frequencies?
1.25 MHz
3.58 MHz
4.5 MHz
0.92 MHz

118.
a.
b.
c.
d.

What does aspect ratio mean?

Ratio of the screen width to its height
Ratio of the screen height to its width
Ratio of the screen diagonal to its width
Ratio of the screen diagonal to its height

119.
a.
b.
c.
d.

What is the aspect ratio for HDTV system?

4/3
9/7
19/6
16/9

120.
a.
b.
c.
d.

The signal that will give the exact color wavelength is _____.
Hue
Saturation
Carrier
Monochrome

121.
a.
b.
c.
d.

Which of the following represents the intensity of a given color?

Hue
Saturation
Carrier
Monochrome

122.
a.
b.
c.
d.

The _____ ensures that the electron beam will strike the correct phosphor dot on the TV screen.
Coating
Aperture Mask
Diplexer
Duplexer

123.
a.
b.
c.
d.

In a TV receiver, what is the horizontal signal frequency?

30 Hz
60 Hz
15750 Hz
157625 Hz

124.
a.
b.
c.
d.

In a TV receiver, what is the vertical signal frequency?

30 Hz
60 Hz
15750 Hz
157625 Hz

125.
beam
a.
b.
c.
d.

What scheme is employed to cause the electron beam in the TV receiver and the electron
in the studio camera to track identically?
Interlacing
NTSC
Interleaving
Transmission of sync pulses

126.
a.
b.
c.
d.
127.
a.
b.
c.
d.

Equalizing pulses in TV are sent during

Horizontal blanking
Vertical blanking
The serrations
Equalizing intervals
What is the return of the electron beam in a CRT from right to left or from bottom to top?
Relay
Flyback
Utilization
Resolution

128.
a.
b.
c.
d.

What is the North American TV standard video?

PAL
SECAM
NTSC
FCC

129.
What is the maximum allowable frequency deviation in the audio section of a TV signal for
PAL/SECAM?
a.
25 kHz
b.
50 kHz
c.
75 kHz
d.
100 kHz
130.
a.
b.
c.

What is the frame frequency in the US TV system?

30 Hz
60 Hz
15750 Hz

d.

157625 Hz

131.
a.
b.
c.
d.

What is the highest video frequency set by the FCC for commercial TV?
4.2 MHz
15 MHz
6 MHz
5.5 MHz

132.
a.
b.
c.
d.

What determines the maximum number of vertical picture elements?

Number of frames per second
Number of lines on the screen
Number of pixels
Number of fields per second

133.
a.
b.
c.
d.

How many horizontal lines are used to develop a TV raster?

615
525
750
15750

134.
a.
b.
c.
d.

The channel width in the U.S. TV system is :

2 MHz
6 MHz
7 MHz
8 MHz

135.
It is the popular TV camera designed with much smaller package and lower cost than its earlier
designs
a.
Image orthicon
b.
Iconoscope
c.
Vidicon
d.
Plumbicon
136.
In a composite video signal, what is the relationship between the amplitude of the signal and
the intensity of the electron beam in the receiver picture tube?
a.
The greater the amplitude the darker the picture
b.
The lower the amplitude the darker the picture
c.
The greater the amplitude the lighter the picture
d.
No effect
137.
a.
b.
c.
d.

If there are 625 lines per TV picture then the number of lines per field are:
1250
312.5
625
2500

138.
What is the process of placing the chrominance signal in the band space between portions of
the luminance signal?
a.
Interlacing
b.
Fitting
c.
Sneaking
d.
Interleaving
139.
a.
b.
c.
d.

How much time elapses between the start of one horizontal sync pulse and the next?
10.2 s
63.5 s
16.67 s
100 s

140.
a.
b.
c.
d.

Which of the following frequencies is wrong?

15,750 Hz for horizontal sync and scanning
60 Hz for vertical sync and scanning
31,500 Hz for the equalizing pulses and serrations in the vertical sync pulse
31,500 Hz for the vertical scanning frequency

141.
a.
b.
c.
d.

The camera tube that uses selenium, arsenic and tellurium

Plumbicon
Vidicon
Saticon
Silicon Vidicon

142.
a.
b.
c.
d.

The components of composite video signal are:

Chroma signal
Blanking pulse
Synchronizing pulse
All of these

143.
a.
b.
c.
d.

What is the smallest amount of information that can be displayed on a television screen?
Blip
Burst
Pixel
Bits

144.
a.
b.
c.
d.

It is the quality of the TV picture after imperfections

Aspect ratio
Utilization ratio
A1
Monochrome

145.
a.
b.
c.
d.

What section of a TV receiver determines the bandwidth and produces the most signal gain?
RF amplifier
Audio amplifier
IF amplifier
Tuned circuit

Modulation [MITRC refresher]

1.

A portion in a communications system, which processes the information so that it will become suitable to the
characteristic of the transmission medium
a. Encoder
b. Modulation
c. Transmitter
d. Multiplexer

2.

Signal whose physical quantity varies continuously with time

a. Digital

b. Analog
c. Discrete
d. Information
3.

Digital information is processed with a specified degree of

a. Fidelity
b. Accuracy
c. Sensitivity
d. Correctness

4.

Indicate the voltage level in dB with reference to one volt. This unit is used in video or TV measurement
a. dBW
b. dBk
c. dBm
d. dBV

5.

When the power ratio of the output to input of a circuit is 200. What is the gain in dB?
a. 23
b. 46
c. 23
d. 46

6.

What is the reference level for random noise measurement, FIA weighted?
a. 82 dBm
b. 90 dBm
c. 85 dBm
d. 77 dBm

7.

A 10 db pad has an output level of -3dBm. The level at the input is:

a. 13 dBm
b. 7 dBm
c. 1 dBm
d. 7 dBm
8.

A power level of 50 W could be expressed as:

a. 1.69 dBm
b. 4.3 dBm
c. 1 dBm
d. 13 dBm

9.

A system having an input power of 2 mW an output power of 0.8 mW has a loss of:
a. 2.98 dBm
b. 3.98 dB
c. 3.98 W
d. 1.98 mW

10.

Is the reduction of signal amplitude as it passed over the transmission medium?

a. Noise
b. Distortion
c. Attenuation
d. Interface

11.

Signal waveform perturbation or deviation caused by imperfect response of the system to the desired signal
a. Noise
b. Aliasing
c. Distortion
d. Interference

12.

Signal attenuation can be corrected by

a. Filtering
b. Modulation
c. Equalization
d. Amplification

13.

Signal contamination by extraneous or external sources, such as, other transmitters, power lines and machinery.
a. Noise
b. Distortion
c. Harmonics
d. Interference

14.

Which noise figure represents the lowest noise?

a. 1.5 dB
b. 2.0 dB
c. 3.7 dB
d. 4.1 dB

15.

Denote the interference of noise in dB above an adjusted reference noise. The adjusted reference noise level was a
1 kHz tone, set at 85 dBm
a. dBa
b. dBm
c. dBa0
d. pWp

16.

A more precise evaluation of the quality of a receiver as far as noise is concerned.

a. S/N
b. VSWR

c. Noise factor
d. Noise margin
17.

Noise figure for an amplifier with noise is always

a. 0 dB
b. Infinite
c. Less than 1
d. Greater than 1

18.

A passive circuit, usually consisting of capacitance and/or inductance, that is inserted in series with the a-c power
cord of an electronic device which allow the 60-Hz current to pass and suppressed high frequency noise
components.
a. Noise filter
b. Noise limiter
c. Noise floor
d. Noise quieting

19.

A circuit often used in radio receivers that prevents externally generated noise from exceeding certain amplitude.
They are also called noise clippers.
a. Noise floor
b. Noise filter
c. Noise limiter
d. Noise clamper

20.

Extra-terrestrial noise is observable at frequencies from

a. 0 to 20 KHz
b. 8 Mhz to 1.43 GHz
c. 5 to 8 GHz
d. 15 to 60 MHz

21.

Which of the following is not true about AM?

a. The carrier amplitude varies.
b. The carrier frequency remains constant.
c. The carrier frequency changes.
d. The information signal amplitude changes the carrier amplitude.

22.

Modulator circuit performs what mathematical operation on its two inputs?

a. Addition
b. Multiplication
c. Division
d. Square root

23.

If m is greater than 1, what happens?

a. Normal operation
b. Carrier drops to zero
c. Carrier frequency shifts
d. Information signal is distorted

24.

The outline of the peaks of a carrier has the shape of the modulating signal and is called the
a. Trace
b. Waveshape
c. Envelope
d. Carrier variation

25.

The values of Vmax and Vmin as read from an AM wave on an oscilloscope are 2.8 and 0.3. The percentage of the
modulation is
a. 10.7 percent
b. 41.4 percent

c. 80.6 percent
d. 93.3 percent
26.

A carrier of 880 kHz is modulated by a 3.5-kHz sine wave. The LSB and USB are respectively,
a. 873 and 887kHz
b. 876.5 and 883.5 kHz
c. 883.5 and 876.5 kHz
d. 887 and 873 kHz

27.

For 100 percent modulation, what percentage of carrier power is in each sideband?
a. 25 percent
b. 33.3 percent
c. 50 percent
d. 100 percent

28.

An AM signal has a carrier power of 5W. The percentage of modulation is 80 percent. The total sideband power is
a. 0.8 W
b. 1.6 W
c. 2.5 W
d. 4.0 W

29.

An AM transmitter antenna current is measured with no modulation and found to be 2.6 amperes. The percentage
of modulation is
a. 35 percent
b. 70 percent
c. 42 percent
d. 89 percent

30.

The typical audio modulating frequency range used in radio and telephone communications is

a. 50 Hz to 5 kHz
b. 50 Hz to 15 kHz
c. 100 Hz t 10 kHz
d. 300 Hz to 3 kHz
31.

An AM signal with a maximum modulating signal frequency of 4.5 kHz as a total bandwidth of
a. 4.5 kHz
b. 6.75 kHz
c. 9 kHz
d. 18 kHz

32.

An input signal of 1.8 MHz mixed with a local oscillator of 5 MHz. A filter selects the difference signal. The output is
a. 1.8 MHz
b. 3.2 MHz
c. 5 MHz
d. 6.8 MHz

33.

What is produced by over modulation in AM?

a. Sidebands
b. Splatter
c. Envelope
d. Deviation

34.

The letter-number designation B8E is a form of modulation also known as

a. Pilot-carrier system
b. Independent sideband emission
c. Lincompex
d. Vestigial sideband transmission

35.

The inputs to a balanced modulator are 1 MHz and a carrier of 1.5 MHz. The outputs are
a. 500 kHz
b. 2.5 Mhz
c. 1.5 MHz
d. Both a and b

36.

A widely used balanced modulator is called the

a. Diode bridge circuit
b. Full-wave bridge rectifier
c. Lattice modulator
d. Balanced bridge modulator

37.

What is the third character in the emission designation for telephony?

a. F
b. B
c. D
d. E

38.

A 100-MHz carrier is deviated 50 kHz by a 4-kHz signal

a. 5
b. 8
c. 12.5
d. 20

39.

The maximum deviation of an FM carrier is 2 kHz by a maximum modulating signal of 400 Hz. The deviation ratio is
a. 0.2
b. 5
c. 8

d. 40
40.

The phenomenon of a strong FM signal dominating a weaker signal on a common frequency is referred to as the
a. Capture effect
b. Blot out
c. Quieting factor
d. Dominating syndrome

41.

In a low-level AM system, amplifier following the modulated stage must be

a. Linear devices
b. Harmonic devices
c. Class C amplifier
d. Nonlinear devices

42.

If the carrier of a 100 percent modulated AM wave is suppressed, the percentage power saving will be
a. 50
b. 150
c. 100
d. 66.66

43.

A pre-emphasis circuit provides extra noise immunity by

a. Boosting the bass frequencies
b. Amplifying the higher audio frequencies
c. Pre-amplifying the whole audio band
d. Converting the phase modulation to FM

44.

One of the following transmits only one sideband

a. H3E
b. R3E

c. J3E
d. B8E
45.

_____ is an electronic instrument used to show both the carrier and the sidebands of a modulated signal in the
frequency domain
a. Spectrum analyzer
b. Oscilloscope
c. Digital counter
d. Frequency counter

46.

AM transmission power increases with _____

a. Frequency
b. Source
c. Load
d. Modulation

47.

What type of emission is frequency modulation?

a. F3E
b. G3E
c. A3E
d. B3E

48.

What is the carrier swing of an FM transmitter when modulated by 75%?

a. 53.2 kHz
b. 48 kHz
c. 56.25 kHz
d. 112.5 kHz

49.

An increase in transmitter power from 25 W to 30 W will cause the antenna current to increase from 700 mA to

a. 800 mA
b. 750 mA
c. 767 mA
d. 840 mA
50.

_____ is the function which tends to maintain the sound volume level of a voice receiver nearly constant for a large
signal strength range
a. Squelch
b. Muting
c. AGC
d. AFC

51.

An FM receiver with an I-F of 10.7 MHz is tuned to 98.7 MHz. What is the numerical value of the image frequency?
a. 77.3 MHz
b. 88.0 MHz
c. 109.4 MHz
d. 120.1 MHz

52.

The function which tends to silence the receiver in the absence of transmitted carrier
a. Squelch
b. Muting
c. AGC
d. AFC

53.

The term used to refer to the condition where the signals from a very strong station are superimposed on other
signals being received
a. Cross-modulation interference
b. Intermodulation interference
c. Receiver quieting

d. Capture effect
54.

Stages that are common to both AM and FM receivers

a. Tuner, local oscillator, detector, AF amplifier
b. RF amplifier, mixer, IF amplifier, AF amplifier
c. Local oscillator, RF amplifier, frequency discriminator, detector
d. Tuner, IF amplifier, detector, AF amplifier

55.

In a narrow-band FM system, the deviation ratio is commonly one and the highest audio frequency is generally
limited to
a. 300 Hz
b. 10,000 Hz
c. 3,000 Hz
d. 7,500 Hz

56.

Which of the following contains de-emphasis circuit?

a. FM transmitter
b. FM receiver
c. VHF transmitter
d. VHF receiver

57.

The term used to refer to the reduction of receiver gain caused by the signal of a nearby station transmitter in the
same frequency band?
a. Quieting
b. Cross-modulation interference
c. Squelch gain rollback
d. Desensitizing

58.

What is the approximate bandwidth of an FM with a modulation factor of 12.5 and a modulating frequency of 10
kHz?

a. 20 kHz
b. 270 kHz
c. 250 kHz
d. 45 kHz
59.

An amplifier operating over the frequency range of 455 to 460 kHz has a 200 k input resistor. What is the RMS
noise voltage at the input to this amplifier if the ambient temperature is 17C?
a. 40 V
b. 4.0 V
c. 400 V
d. 4.0 mV

60.

Calculate the noise figure of the amplifier whose Req equals 2518 (RT = 600 ) if its driven by a generator whose
output impedance is 50
a. 39.4
b. 3.94
c. 394
d. 0.394

61.

A receiver connected to an antenna whose resistance is 50 has an equivalent noise resistance of 30 . Calculate
its equivalent noise temperature if the noise figure is equal to 1.6
a. 17.4 K
b. 174 K
c. 1.74 K
d. 17 K

62. Which of the following is not a source of external noise?

a. Thermal agitation
b.

Auto ignition

c.

The sun

d.

Fluorescent lights

63.

What is the noise voltage across a 300 input resistance to a TV set with a 6 MHz bandwidth and temperature of
30C?
a. 2.3 V
b. 3.8 V
c. 5.5 V
d. 6.4 V

64.

If bandwidth is doubled, the signal power is _____

a. Not changed
b. Quadrupled
c. Tripled
d. Doubled

65.

In an FM transmitter, what is the result of over modulation?

a. Lower frequency
b. Distortion
c. Higher power
d. Excessive bandwidth

66.

What are the basic elements of communications system?

a. Source, transmission channel, transmitter
b. Transmitter, receiver, transmission channel
c. Information, transmission channel, receiver
d. Sender and receiver

67.
a.

A network that has an input of 75 dB and an output of 35dB. The loss of the network is _____
-40 dB

b.

40 dB

c.

-40 dBm

d.

40 dBm

68.

If an amplifier has equal input and output impedances, what voltage ratio does the gain of 50 dB represent?

a.

316.2

b.

325.2

c.

320.1

d.

315.0

69.

An interfering signal with a frequency equal to the received signal plus twice the IF is called

a.

Image frequency

b.

Center frequency

c.

Rest frequency

d.

Interference frequency

70.

Subcarriers that are arranged so that the channels occupying adjacent frequency band with some frequency space
between them is known as

a.

Guard bands

b.

AM bands

c.

Band gap

d.

Void band

71.

What is the lowest number of sections required by communications receiver?

a.

b.

c.

d.

72.

What determines the selectivity of a receiver?

a.

The bandwidth of the tuned circuits

b.

The gain of the amplifier

c.

The power handling capability

d.

The frequency stability

73.

For an IF frequency of 455 kHz, what must be the LO frequency when receiving a 580 kHz transmission?
a. 1035 MHz
b. 1.035 MHz
c. 3.51 MHz
d. 351 kHz

74.

What circuit accompanies a mixer?

a. RF Amplifier
b. LO
c. IF Amplifier
d. Detector

75.

The superheterodyne circuit uses a local oscillator to _____ with the RF signal of the station and converts the
carrier to the intermediate frequency
a. Beat
b. Mix
c. Heterodyne
d. All of the above

76.

The local FM stereo rock station is at 96.5 MHz. What must be the local oscillator frequency?

a. 93.9 MHz
b. 107.2 MHz
c. 112.5 MHz
d. 105.9 MHz
77.
a.

A superheterodyne is tuned to 2738 kHz. The IF is 475 kHz. What is the image frequency?
3.09 MHz

b.

4.5 kHz

c.

4385 kHz

d.

3688 kHz

78.

In an FM receiver, which circuit removes amplitude variations?

a.

Exciter

b.

Mixer

c.

Discriminator

d.

Limiter

79.

In an FM receiver, the circuit that keeps the receiver tuned exactly to the desired station is _____

a.

AFC

b.

AGC

c.

Limiter

d.

Discriminator

80.

What connects the front-end circuit of a VHF TV superheterodyne receiver?

a.

Mixer, RF amplifier and AFC

b.

RF amplifier, Band pass filter and mixer

c.

Local oscillator, mixer and RF amplifier

d.

Local oscillator, AGC and antenna

Modulation
Multiple choice. Encircle the letter which corresponds to your answer.
1

Having an information signal change some characteristic of a carrier signal is called

a Multiplexing
b Modulation
c Duplexing
d Linear mixing
Which of the following is not true about AM?
a The carrier amplitude varies.
b The carrier frequency remains constant.
c The carrier frequency changes.
d The information signal amplitude changes the carrier amplitude.
The opposite of modulation is
a Reverse modulation
b Downward modulation
c Unmodulation
d Demodulation
The circuit used to produce modulation is called
a Modulator
b Demodulator
c Variable gain amplifier
d Multiplexer
A modulator circuit performs what mathematical operation on its two inputs?
a Addition
b Multiplication
c Division
d Square root
The ratio of the peak modulating signal voltage to the peak carrier voltage is referred to
as
a The voltage ratio
b Decibels
c The modulation index
d The mix factor
If m is greater than 1, what happens?
a Normal operation
b Carrier drops to zero
c Carrier frequency shifts
d Information signal is distorted

10

11

12

13

14

For ideal AM, which of the following is true?

a m=0
b m=1
c m<1
d m>1
The outline of the peaks of a carrier has the shape of the modulating signal and is called
the
a Trace
b Waveshape
c Envelope
d Carrier variation
Overmodulation occurs when
a Vm > Vc
b Vm < Vc
c Vm = Vc
d Vm = Vc = 0
The values of Vmax and Vmin as read from an AM wave on oscilloscope are 2.8 and 0.3. the
percentage of modulation is
a 10.7 %
b 41.4 %
c 80.6 %
d 93.3 %
The new signals produced by modulation are called
a Spurious emissions
b Harmonics
c Intermodulation products
d Sidebands
A carrier of 880 kHz is modulated by a 3.5 kHz sine wave. The LSB and USB are,
respectively,
a 873 and 887 kHz
b 876.5 and 883.5 kHz
c 883.5 and 876.5 kH
d 887 and 873 kHz
A display of signal amplitude versus frequency is called the
a Time domain
b Frequency Spectrum
c Amplitude Spectrum
d Frequency Domain

15 Most of the power in an AM signal is in the

a Carrier
b Upper sideband

16

17

18

19

20

21

c Lower sideband
d Modulating signal
An AM signal has a carrier power of 5 W. the percentage of modulation is 80% the total
sideband power is
a 0.8 W
b 1.6 W
c 2.5 W
d 4.0 W
For 100 % modulation, what percentage of power is in each sideband?
a 25 %
b 33.3 %
c 50 %
d 100 %
An AM transmitter has a percentage of modulation of 88. The carrier power is 440 W.
The power is 440W. The power in one sideband is
a 85 W
b 110 W
c 170 W
d 610 W
An AM transmitter antenna current is measured with no modulation and found to be 2.6
amperes. With modulation, the current rises to 2.9 amperes. The percentage of
modulation is
a 35 %
b 70 %
c 42 %
d 89 %
What is the carrier power in the problem above if the antenna resistance is 75 ohms?
a 195 W
b 631 W
c 507 W
d 792 W
In an AM signal, the transmitted information is contained within the
a Carrier
b Modulating signal
c Sidebands
d Envelope

22 An AM signal without the carrier is called a(n)

a SSB
b Vestigial sideband
c FM signal
d DSB
23 What is the minimum AM signal needed to transmit information?
a Carrier plus sidebands

24

25

26

27

28

b Carrier only
c One sideband
d Both sideband
The main advantage of SSB over standard AM or DSB is
a Less spectrum space is used
b Simpler equipment is used
c Less power is consumed
d A higher modulation percentage
In SSB, which sideband is the best to use?
a Upper
b Lower
c Neither
d Depends upon the use
The typical audio modulating frequency range used in radio and telephone
communication is
a 50 Hz to 5 kHz
b 50 Hz to 15 kHz
c 100Hz to 10kHz
d 300 Hz to 3 kHz
An AM signal with a maximum modulating signal frequency of 4.5 kHz has a total
bandwidth of
a 4.5 kHz
b 6.75 kHz
c 9 kHz
d 18 kHz
The modulation system used for telegraphy is
a Frequency-shift keying
b Two-tone modulation
c Pulse-code modulation
d Single-tone modulation

29 The process of translating a signal, with or without modulation, to a higher or lower

frequency for processing is called
a Frequency multiplication
b Frequency division
c Frequency shift
d Frequency conversion
30 Frequency translation is carried out by a circuit called a
a Translator
b Convertor
c Balanced modulator
d Local oscillator

31 An input signal of 1.8 MHz is mixed with a local oscillator of 5 MHz. A filter selects the
difference signal. The output is
a 1.8 MHz
b 3.2 MHz
c 5 MHz
d 6.8 MHz
32 One type of pulse communications system uses pulse that appear as a group, and which
vary in number according to the loudness of the voice. This type of pulse modulation is
called
a Pulse duration modulation
b Pulse amplitude modulation
c Pulse code modulation
d Pulse position modulation
33 An SSB transmitter produces a 400-V peak to peak signal across a 52- antenna load.
The PEP output is
a 192.2 W
b 384.5 W
c 769.2 W
d 3077 W
34 The output power of an SSB transmitter is usually expressed in terms of
a Average power
b RMS power
c Peak-to-peak power
d Peak envelope power
35 The letter-number designation B8E is a form of modulation also known as
a Pilot-carrier system
b Independent sideband emission
c Lincomlex
d Vestigal sideband transmission
36 Amplitude modulation is the same as
a Linear mixing
b Analog multiplication
c Signal summation
d Inductor
37 In a diode modulator, the negative half of the AM wave is supplied by a(n)
a Tuned circuit
b Transformer
c Capacitor
d Inductor
38 Amplitude modulation can be produced by
a Having the carrier vary a resistance
b Having the modulating signal vary a capacitance
c Varying the carrier frequency
d Varying the gain of an amplifier
39 Amplitude modulators that vary the carrier amplitude with the modulating signal by
passing it through an attenuator work on the principle of

a Rectification
b Resonance
c Variable resistance
d Absorption
40 The component used to produce AM at very high frequencies is a
a Varactor
b Thermistor
c Cavity resonator
d PIN diode
41 Amplitude modulation generated at a very low voltage or power amplitude is known as
a High-level modulation
b Low-level modulation
c Collector modulation
d Minimum modulation
42 A collector modulator has a supply voltage of 48 V. The peak-to-peak amplitude of the
modulating signal for 100 percent modulation is
a 24 V
b 48 V
c 96 V
d 120 V

43 A collector modulated transmitter has a supply voltage of 24 V and collector current of

0.5 A. The modulator power for 100 percent modulation is
a 6W
b 12 W
c 18 W
d 24 W
44 The circuit that recovers the original modulating information from an AM signal is
known as a
a Modulator
b Demodulator
c Mixer
d Crystal set
45 The most commonly used amplitude demodulator is the
a Diode mixer
b Balanced modulator
c Envelope detector
d Crystal filter
46 A circuit that generates the upper and lower sidebands but no carrier is called a(n)
a Amplitude modulator
b Diode detector
c Class C amplifier

d Balanced modulator
47 The inputs to a balance modulator are 1 MHz and a carrier of 1.5 MHz. The outputs are
a 500 kHz
b 2.5 MHz
c 1.5 MHz
d Both a and b
48 A widely used balanced modulator is called the
a Diode bridge circuit
b Full-wave bridge rectifier
c Lattice Modulator
d Balanced bridge modulator
49 In a diode ring modulator, the diodes act like
a Variable resistors
b Switches
c Rectifiers
d Variable capacitors

50 The output of a balanced modulator is

a AM
b FM
c SSB
d DSB
51 The principal circuit in the popular 1496/1596 IC balanced modulator is a
a Differential amplifier
b Rectifier
c Bridge
d Constant current source
52 The most commonly used filter in SSB generators uses
a LC network
b Mechanical resonators
c Crystals
d RC networks and op amps
53 The equivalent circuit of a quartz crystal is a
a Series resonant circuit
b Parallel resonant circuit
c Neither a nor b
d Both a and b
54 A crystal lattice filter has crystal frequencies of 27.5 and 27.502 MHz. The bandwidth is
approximately
a 2 kHz
b 3kHz
c 27.501 MHz
d 55.502 MHz

55 An SSB generator has a sideband filter centered at 3.0 MHz. The modulating signal is
3kHz. To produce both upper and lower sidebands, the following carrier frequencies must
be produced:
a 2.7 and 3.3 MHz
b 3.3 and 3.6 MHz
c 2997 and 3003 kHz
d 3000 and 3003 kHz
56 In the phasing method of SSB generation, one sideband is canceled due to
a Phase shift
b Sharp selectivity
c Carrier suppression
d Phase inversion

57 A balanced modulator used to demodulate a SSB signal is called a(n)

a Transporter
b Product detector
c Converter
d Modulator
58 Frequency translation is done with a circuit called a
a Summer
b Multiplier
c Filter
d Mixer
59 The inputs to a mixer are fo and fm. In down conversion, which of the following mixer
output signals is selected?
a Fo
b Fm
c F o fm
d Fo + fm
60 Mixing for frequency conversion is the same as
a Rectification
b AM
c Linear summing
d Filtering
61 Which of the following can be used as a mixer?
a Balanced modulator
b FET
c Diode modulator
d All the above
62 The desired output from a mixer is usually selected with a
a Phase-shift circuit
b Crystal filter
c Resonant circuit
d Transformer

63 The amount of frequency deviation from the carrier center frequency in an FM

transmitter is proportional to what characteristic of the modulating signal?
a Amplitude
b Phase
c Angle
d Duty Cycle

64 Both FM and PM are types of what kind of modulation?

a Amplitude
b Phase
c Angle
d Duty Cycle
65 If the amplitude of the modulating signal decreases, the carrier deviation
a Increases
b Decreases
c Remains constant
d Both b and c
66 In PM, a frequency shift occurs while what characteristic of the modulating signal is
changing?
a Shape
b Phase
c Frequency
d Amplitude
67 Maximum frequency deviation of a PM signal occurs at
a Zero crossing points
b Peak positive amplitude
c Peak negative amplitude
d Peak positive or negative amplitudes
68 A 100-MHz carrier is deviated 50 KHz by a 4 kHz signal. The modulation index is
a 5
b 8
c 12.5
d 40
69 The maximum deviation of an FM carrier is 2 kHz by a maximum modulating signal of
400 Hz. The deviation ratio is
a 0.2
b 5
c 8
d 40
70 According the Nyquist theorem, the sampling rate that can be used in a PCM system is
_____ the highest audio frequency
a Once

b
c
d

Eight times
Twice
Thrice

71 SSB transmission requires only _______ of the bandwidth for a DSBFC

a
b 2/3
c
d
72 Which of the following pulse modulation systems is analog?
a Delta
b Differential PCM
c PWM
d PCM
73 Which of the following is not a major benefit of FM over AM?
a Greater efficiency
b Noise immunity
c Capture Effect
d Lower Complexity and Cost
74 The primary disadvantage of FM is it
a Higher cost and complexity
b Excessive use of spectrum space
c Noise susceptibility
d Lower efficiency
75 The phenomenon of a strong FM signal dominating weaker signal on a common
frequency is referred to as the
a Capture effect
b Blot out
c Quieting factor
d Dominating syndrome
76 If the plate supply voltage for a plate-modulated class C amplifier is E, the maximum
plate-cathode voltage could be almost as high as
a 4E
b 3E
c 2E
d E
77 In a low-level AM system, amplifiers following the modulated stage must be
a Linear devices
b Harmonic devices
c Class C amplifiers
d Nonlinear devices

78 If the carrier of a 100 percent modulated AM wave is suppressed, the percentage power
saving will be
a 50
b 150
c 100
d 66.66
79 Leak-type bias is used in a plate-modulated class C amplifier to
a Prevent tuned circuit damping
b Prevent excessive grid current
c Prevent overmodulation
d Increase the bandwidth
80 The output stage of a television transmitter is most likely to be a
a Plate-modulated class C amplifier
b Grid-modulated class C amplifier
c Screen-modulated class C amplifier
d Grid-modulated class A amplifier
81 The modulation index of an AM wave is changed from 0 to 1. The transmitted power is
a Unchanged
b Halved
c Doubled
d Increased by 50 percent
82 One of the advantages of base modulation over collector modulation of a transistor class
C amplifier is
a The lower modulating power required
b Higher power output per transistor
c Better efficiency
d Better linearity
83 A carrier simultaneously modulated by two sine waves with modulation indices of 0.3
and 0.4; the total modulation index
a 1
b Cannot be calculated unless the phase relations are known
c 0.5
d 0.7
84 In the stabilized reactance modulator AFC system,
a The discriminator must have a fast time constant to prevent demodulation
b The higher the discriminator frequency, the better the oscillator frequency
stability
c The discriminator frequency must not be too low, or the system will fail
d Phase modulation is converted into FM by the equalizer circuit

85 In the spectrum of a frequency of a frequency-modulated wave

a The carrier frequency disappears when the modulation index is large
b The amplitude of any sideband depends on the modulation index
c The total number of sidebands depends on the modulation index

86

87

88

89

90

91

d The carrier frequency cannot disappear

The difference between phase and frequency modulation
a Is purely theoretical because they are the same in practice
b Is too great to make the two systems compatible
c Lies in the poorer audio response of phase modulation
d Lies in the different definitions of the modulation index
Indicate the false statement regarding the Armstrong modulation system.
a The system is basically phase, not frequency, modulation
b AFC is not needed, as a crystal oscillator is used
c Frequency multiplication must be used
d Equalization is unnecessary
An FM signal with a modulation index mf is passed through a frequency tripler. The wave
in the output of the tripler will have a modulation index of
a mf/3
b mf
c 3 mf
d 9mf
An FM signal with a deviation is passed through a mixer, and has its frequency reduced
fivefold. The deviation in the output of the mixer is
a 5
b Indeterminate
c /5
d
A pre-emphasis circuit provides extra noise immunity by
a Boosting the bass frequencies
b Amplifying the higher audio frequencies
c Pre-amplifying the whole audio band
d Converting the phase modulation to FM
Since noise phase modulates the FM wave, as the noise sideband frequency approaches
the carrier frequency, the noise amplitude
a Remains constant
b Decreased
c Increased
d Equalized

92 When the modulating frequency is doubled, the modulation index is halved, and the
modulating voltage remains constant. The modulating system is
a Amplitude modulation
b Phase modulation
c Frequency modulation
d Any of the three
93 Indicate which one of the following is not an advantage of FM over AM
a Better noise immunity is provided
b Lower bandwidth is required

c The transmitted power is more useful

d Less modulating power is required
94 One of the following is an indirect way of generating FM. This is the
a Reactance FET modulator
b Varactor diode modulator
c Armstrong modulator
d Reactance bipolar transistor modulator
95 Indicate the false statement regarding the advantages of SSB over double-sideband, fullcarrier AM.
a More channel space is available
b Transmitter circuits must be more stable, giving better reception
c The signal is more noise resistance
d Much less power is required for the same signal strength
96 When the modulation index of an AM wave is doubled, the antenna current is also
doubled. The AM system being used is
a A3H
b A5C
c A3J
d A3
97 Indicate which of the following advantages of the phase cancellation method of obtaining
SSB over the filter method is false
a Switching from one sideband to the other is simpler
b It is possible to generate SSB at any requency
c SSB with lower audio frequencies present can be generated
d There are more balanced modulators; therefore the carrier is suppressed
better
98 The most commonly used filter in SSB generation are
a Mechanical
b RC
c LC
d Low- pass
99 Indicate in which one of the following only one sideband is transmitter
a A3H
b A3
c A3B
d A5C
100 A3A modulation is sometimes used to
a Allow the receiver to have a frequency synthesizer
b Simplify the frequency stability problem in reception
c Reduce the power that must be transmitted
d Reduce the bandwidth required for transmission.