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Abstract
This paper discusses the evolution of cycling in Singapore from its popularity in post
World War II to its downturn during the later part of the 20th century and subsequently,
to the current state of regaining its footing. It also examines early and recent cycling
infrastructure development in Singapore. Opinion surveys were carried out to gather the
views, needs, attitudes, personal reflections on behaviour and demographics of cyclists
and affected pedestrians. Findings from the surveys were validated using unobtrusive
video recordings of actual behaviour. The results reflect possible channels for further
improvements to facilitate cycling.
Introduction
With the recent worldwide concern on
health and environment created by the motor
dominated era, many have turned cycling
into a mascot for green and sustainable
transportation. Utility cycling has taken
great steps in developed countries, especially
Europe, the United States of America, Australia
and Japan. Utility cycling is defined as a short
to medium cycling trip often made in an
urban environment for commuting to work,
going shopping and running errands, as well
as heading out for social activities. Its many
benefits include healthier lifestyle, cost and
time savings, reduced traffic congestion and
pollution, improved mobility and enhanced
social inclusiveness. Singapore, in the recent
years, has seen a renewed surge in cycling.
This paper discusses the history of cycling
in Singapore, the development of its cycling
infrastructure and the current views, needs,
attitudes, behaviour, and demographics of
cyclists and pedestrians.
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The Evolution of Cycling in Singapore
Table 1: The various non-motorised wheeled transports and their timeline
1850s-1870s
1880s-1890s
1900s-1910s
1920s-1940s
1950s-1960s
1970s-1980s
1990s-2000s
Now
Bullock cart
(Yip 2008)
Rickshaw
(Lee 2009)
(Brown 2008)
Trishaw
Mainly for
tourism
(Googan 1968)
Bicycle
(Copenhagenize.com 2011)
Note: The different shades of brown demonstrate the intensity of popularity for that period.
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Maybe
Not likely
100 %
80 %
49%
36%
I wont cycle
no matter what
9%
12%
60 %
34%
40 %
23%
20 %
18%
10%
8%
Pedestrians
By Bus
79%
22%
Existing Cyclists
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700
600
Area 2
500
Area 3
400
200
Area 1
Area 5
100
0
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y = 6.5743x
R = 0.4301
300
Area 4
20
40
60
80
100
No. of passing cyclists/hr
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Disagree
Disagree
Agree
3
2
1
5
4
Agree
3
2
1
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The Evolution of Cycling in Singapore
Disagree
Cyclist
Non-Cyclist
5
4
Agree
3
2
1
Green
Healthy
Save cost
Tiring
Hot
Identity
Safe
Information
Disagree
5
4
Agree
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2
1
Scenery
Shops
People
Shortest route
Shelter
Resting stops
Crossings (Delay)
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The Evolution of Cycling in Singapore
Acknowledgements
The content of the paper and any opinions expressed are the sole responsibility of the authors.
The authors would like to express their utmost thanks to Adjunct Professor A P Gopinath Menon for his contributions to
the facts and knowledge documented in this paper.
References
Archives and Oral History Dept. 1981. The land transport
of Singapore from early times to the present. Singapore:
Educational Publications Bureau Pte Ltd.
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Brown, E. A. (Artist). 2008. Celia Mary Ferguson, Horsedriven carriage with malay driver: side view.
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