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Chapter 9
= f c
Qf
Figure
1
Qc = Canal discharge,
Qf = Remaining discharge in the watercourse.
Qc
= 0.20 0.30
Qf
Qc
= 1 .0
Qf
= 200 - 300
= 450 - 600
B = A C tan =
b = Width of the canal,
= Angle of diversion,
Qc = Discharge in the power canal.
b
cos
Qc = Bq f = bqc
cos =
b qf
=
B qc
= 900
The greater the velocity Vf and the discharge qf, the smaller the angle of diversion is required.
The expression derived by D.Y. Sokolov, corrected angle of diversion,
h hc q f
cos = 1 f
q
h
f
bc
= Coefficient of contraction at the entrance to the intake canal,
b
hf = Water depth in the river,
A=
Qp
V
Where the mean inflow velocity is assumed as, V = 0.8 1.2 m/sec.
Intake Headlosses
1. Entrance Loss
Figure
V f2
V2
he = 1.3
2g
2g
Factor varies from 0.8 to 0.4 depending on the intake angle . The greater values can be
assumed in case of intakes under a sharp angle (~300) while the smaller ones are applicable in
case of rectangular diversions.
In case of intake from a reservoir, Vf 0,
he = 1.3
V2
2g
In case of a sharp angle diversion and for V Vf, the minimum value,
he 0.5
V2
2g
s
hr =
b
43
V2
sin
2g
Figure
2.42
1.83
1.67
1.03
0.92
0.76
1.79
Example: Calculate the resistance of a screen with an inclination of 750, where the thickness
of bars s = 6.2 mm, the spacing between the bars b = 19.2 mm. The bars are of rectangular
cross-section. Velocity of flow in front of the bars is V = 1.15 m/sec.
Solution:
s
hr =
b
43
V2
sin
2g
43
1.152
6.2
hr = 2.42
sin 750
19.62
19.2
hr = 0.0349m 3.50cm