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plant. This report corresponding to the basic information of the power plant, operation procedure ,and
main systems of the powr plant informatively.
Introduction
The first and only coal power plant in sri lanka Lakvijaya power plant known as Norochcholai coal power
plant which is situated in the Norochcholai area in puttalam is one of the major contributor in providing
the electricity demand in Sri Lanka. The construction of the plant was done in 3 separate stages; each
contained generating capacity of 300MW. Construction of the first phase of the facility began on 11 May
2006 and commissioned the first phase on 22 March 2011, with 300-megawatt power generation capacity
stating its name as the first coal power plant in Sri Lanka. According to the Ceylon Electricity Board,
the US$455 million first phase generates nearly 1.7 TWh of electricity annually. The plant is connected to
the grid via 115 km (71 mi) 220-kilovolt transmission line to Veyangoda.
The power plant is now contributing about 900MW of electricity to the natonal system which
corresponding to supplying mostly the base load. In addition to norochcholai veyangoda line 220 kV line
ois installed noocholai to new Anuradhapura for the full utilixation of the power plant.
Conversion of coal into electricity
Although the main fuel is bituminous coal, at the start up and shut down auto diesel is used in the
boilers. For the operation purposes coal is prepares in particular order before supplying t the boilers. Coal
is first milled to a powder to increase the surface area and allows it to burn more quickly. In the
pulverized coal combustion (PCC) system, the powdered coal is used.
Then powdered coal is blown into the combustion chamber of a boiler and there it is burnt at high
temperature. The hot gases and heat energy produced converts water into steam. Then the high pressure
steam is passed into a turbine containing thousands of propeller-like blades. The steam pushes these
blades causing the turbine shaft to rotate at high speed. A generator is mounted at one end of the turbine
shaft. Then electricity is generated when these are rapidly rotated in a strong magnetic field. After passing
through the turbine, the steam is condensed and returned to the boiler to be heated once again. Typically
coal fired power plant has the processes mentioned above.
Generator
The turbine rotates 3000 rpm. It rotates the 300MW, two poles and cylindrical rotor generator. To reduce
the size of the generator, Hydrogen (having high thermal capacity) is used for cooling in the air gap
of the generator. The stator windings are cooled by de-ionized water. Generator is rated at 20kV,
10.19kA and 0.85pf. It has static excitation with slip rings and brushes, with a 3150kVA transformer.
Main processes
Steam generation process
Water passes through the water walls of the furnace and goes to the boiler drum. At the boiler drum,
liquid water and steam is separated. The steam is sent to the super heaters to produce super heated steam.
A portion of liquid water is used for continuous blow down of the boiler drum and other portion is recirculated through the water walls of the boiler.
There is a steam loss because of the continuous blow down of the boiler drum. That loss is fixed by
feeding the makeup water to the drum. Makeup water is fed through the economizer. At the economizer
the flue gas is used to heat the makeup water. It increases the boiler efficiency.
Steam drum is one of the most important equipment which always highly protected as it is an essential
thing to generate high quality steam. Economizer is used to increase the financial benefit and efficiency of
the steam process. It recovers the heat from flue gas and heat the feed water before enters to the boiler
drum.
Excitation system
At the start up, DC battery bank is used to provide excitation current. After starting the generator,
self-excitation method is used, using excitation transformer. 2500 A DC current is used as
excitation current and excitation voltage is 365 V.
/s, to cool the steam which is emitted from the turbine The steam
condensed as water is then sent to the boiler to generate steam again. Water which is only 4 Celsius