ES 1: ENGINEERING DRAWING

Geometric Construction 1
Lines
Angles

LINES

Lines
- The shortest distance
between two points
A

- A set of points
organized that have
length and direction,
but no thickness

D
F

Transferring a Given Length

of a Line
Given: Line AB

Transferring a Given Length

of a Line
1. Mark the
starting point of
line AB on the new
location.

Transferring a Given Length

of a Line
2. Copy the length
of line AB.
Without changing
the opening of
your compass,
and using A as
center draw an
arc. Label the
intersection as B.

Transferring a Given Length

of a Line

3. Connect points
A and B.

Bisecting a Given Line

Given: Line AB

Bisecting a Given Line

1. Using point A as
center and radius
R greater than
one-half of the
length of line AB,
draw an arc
extending to
both sides of line
AB.

Bisecting a Given Line

2. Using point B as
center and the
same radius R,
draw a second
arc intersecting
the first arc.
Label the
intersections as
point C and D.

Bisecting a Given Line

3. Draw a line
connecting
points C and D.
Line CD bisects
line AB.

Line CD is called:

PERPENDICULAR BISECTOR

PERPENDICULAR LINES

LINE PERPENDICULAR TO A
POINT ON THE GIVEN LINE
Given: Line AB

LINE PERPENDICULAR TO A
POINT ON THE GIVEN LINE
1. Extend line AB
beyond point B.
Using point B as
center and any
radius R, draw an
arc intersecting line
AB at point C and
the extension line
at point D.

LINE PERPENDICULAR TO A
POINT ON THE GIVEN LINE
2. Using point C as
center and any
radius R greater
than one-half of
segment CD, draw
an arc extending to
both
sides
of
segment CD.

LINE PERPENDICULAR TO A
POINT ON THE GIVEN LINE
3. Using the same
radius, repeat
step 2, this time
using D as center.
Label the points
of intersection as
points E and F.

LINE PERPENDICULAR TO A
POINT ON THE GIVEN LINE

4. Connect points
E and F. Line EF
is perpendicular
to line AB at
point B.

LINE PERPENDICULAR TO A GIVEN

LINE AND PASSING THROUGH A
GIVEN POINT
Given: Line AB and Point O.

LINE PERPENDICULAR TO A GIVEN

LINE AND PASSING THROUGH A
GIVEN POINT
1. Using point O as
center and any
radius R greater
than the distance
between point O
and line AB, draw an
arc intersecting line
AB at points C and
D.

LINE PERPENDICULAR TO A GIVEN

LINE AND PASSING THROUGH A
GIVEN POINT
2. Using point C as
center and any
radius R1 greater
than one-half of
segment CD, draw
an arc on the
opposite side of
line AB.

LINE PERPENDICULAR TO A GIVEN

LINE AND PASSING THROUGH A
GIVEN POINT
3. Using the same
radius (R1), repeat
step 2, this time
using point D as
center. Label the
point of
intersection of the
two arcs as F.

LINE PERPENDICULAR TO A GIVEN

LINE AND PASSING THROUGH A
GIVEN POINT
4. Connect points O
and F. Line OF is
perpendicular to
line AB.

PARALLEL LINES

LINE PASSING THROUGH A POINT

AND PARALLEL TO A GIVEN LINE
Given: Line AB and Point O

LINE PASSING THROUGH A POINT

AND PARALLEL TO A GIVEN LINE
1. Using point O as
center and any
radius R greater
than the distance
from point O to line
AB, draw an arc
cutting line AB at
point C. Point C
must be to the left
of O.

LINE PASSING THROUGH A POINT

AND PARALLEL TO A GIVEN LINE
2. Using point C as
center and the
same radius R,
draw another arc
passing through
point O and cutting
line AB at point D.

LINE PASSING THROUGH A POINT

AND PARALLEL TO A GIVEN LINE
3. Using point C
again as center
and distance OD
as radius, draw a
third arc
intersecting the
first arc. Label
the intersection
as F.

LINE PASSING THROUGH A POINT

AND PARALLEL TO A GIVEN LINE

4. Connect points O
and F. Line OF is
parallel to Line
AB.

LINE PARALLEL TO AND AT A

GIVEN DISTANCE FROM LINE AB
Given: Line AB and Distance L

LINE PARALLEL TO AND AT A

GIVEN DISTANCE FROM LINE AB
1. Using point A as
center and the
given distance L
as radius, draw
an arc on one
side of line AB.
Label the first
arc as 1.

LINE PARALLEL TO AND AT A

GIVEN DISTANCE FROM LINE AB
2. Using point B as
center and the
same radius L,
draw a second
arc. Label this
arc as 2.

LINE PARALLEL TO AND AT A

GIVEN DISTANCE FROM LINE AB
3. Extend line AB
beyond points A
and B. And recall
steps in making
line perpendicular
to a point on the
given line.

LINE PARALLEL TO AND AT A

GIVEN DISTANCE FROM LINE AB

6. Connect points G
and H. Line GH is
parallel to line AB
at a distance L.

Dividing a Line Into

N-equal Segments

DIVIDING A LINE INTO

N-EQUAL SEGMENTS
Given: Line AB and the number of
segments.
N= 3

DIVIDING A LINE INTO

N-EQUAL SEGMENTS
1. Using point A as
origin, draw
another line
making an angle of
30-45 with line
AB.

DIVIDING A LINE INTO

N-EQUAL SEGMENTS
2. Starting from
point A and
using any
convenient
length, lay out n
points on line
AC at equal
distances. Label
the points as
1,2 and 3.

DIVIDING A LINE INTO

N-EQUAL SEGMENTS

3. Draw a line
connecting
point B and
point 3.

DIVIDING A LINE INTO

N-EQUAL SEGMENTS
4. Draw another line
parallel to line B3
passing point 2.
Recall steps in
making line parallel
to a given line
passing through a
given point. Label
the point of
intersection on line
AB as D.

DIVIDING A LINE INTO

N-EQUAL SEGMENTS

5. Repeat step 4.

DIVIDING A LINE INTO

N-EQUAL SEGMENTS

6. Line AB is now
divided into n
equal parts.

Alternative Solution

DIVIDING A LINE INTO

N-EQUAL SEGMENTS
1. Using point A as
origin, draw a line
making an angle of
30-45 with line
AB. Repeat this
step, this time
using B as origin.

DIVIDING A LINE INTO

N-EQUAL SEGMENTS
2. Starting from
point A and using
any convenient
length, lay out n
points on line AC
at equal distances.
Label the points
as 1,2 and 3.
Repeat this step
using B as starting
point.

DIVIDING A LINE INTO

N-EQUAL SEGMENTS
3. Connect points
A-6, 1-5, 2-4 and
3-B. Label the
intersection of
the lines 1-5 and
2-4 with line AB
as E and F
respectively.

DIVIDING A LINE INTO

N-EQUAL SEGMENTS

4. Line AB is now
divided into n
equal parts.

ANGLES

TRANSFERRING AN ANGLE
Given: Angle ABC

TRANSFERRING AN ANGLE

1. Lay out line BC in

the new
position/location.
Label it line BC.

TRANSFERRING AN ANGLE
2. Using point B as
center and any radius
R, draw an arc
intersecting rays BA
and BC at points D
and E respectively.

TRANSFERRING AN ANGLE
3. Without changing
the opening of
you compass and
using B as center,
draw an arc
intersecting ray
BC at point E.

TRANSFERRING AN ANGLE
4. Using point E as
center and the
distance from
points D and E as
radius, draw an
arc intersecting
the first arc at
point A.

TRANSFERRING AN ANGLE

5. The line connecting

point B to A forms
the given angle ABC
in the new position
as angle ABC.

BISECTING AN ANGLE
Given: Angle ABC

BISECTING AN ANGLE
1. Using point B
as center and
any radius R,
draw an arc
intersecting
ray AB and ray
BC at points D
and E respectively.

BISECTING AN ANGLE
2. Using point D as
center and any
radius R1, draw a
second arc away
from point B and
between sides BA
and BC.

BISECTING AN ANGLE

3. Using the same

radius R1 and E as
center, draw a third
arc that intersects
the second arc at
point F.

BISECTING AN ANGLE

4. Connect points B
and F. Line BF
bisects angle ABC
at two equal parts.

Line BF is called:
Angle Bisector

Dividing an Angle Into

N-equal Parts

DIVIDING AN ANGLE INTO

N-EQUAL PARTS
Given: Angle ABC and n.
n=3

DIVIDING AN ANGLE INTO

N-EQUAL PARTS
1. Using point B as
center and any
radius R, draw
an arc
intersecting rays
BA and BC at
points D and E
respectively.

DIVIDING AN ANGLE INTO

N-EQUAL PARTS
2. Connecting
point D to E,
divide the
resulting
chordline into
n equal
segments.

DIVIDING AN ANGLE INTO

N-EQUAL PARTS

3. Connect the
designated points
to point B.

DIVIDING AN ANGLE INTO

N-EQUAL PARTS

4. The lines divide

angle ABC into
n-equal angles.

Thank you for listening!