Lecture

By
Asad Ur Rehman
Assistant Professor
asad.rehman@hamdard.edu.pk

Introduction to
Organizational
Behaviors
Hamdard University

Teachers Introduction
2

Over 24 years of IT-industry experience.

Wants to contribute in improving quality of education in Pakistan.

Certified Business Analyst Professional (CBAP) by International

Institute of Business Analysis.

Certified Software Quality Professional (CSQP) from PIQC.

Worked as Chief Operating Officer - Plexus (Pvt) Ltd.

Worked as Chief Technology Officer - Feditec (Pvt) Ltd.

Some Larges Projects I did: HBFC, Port Qasim, HUBCO, SCB, Citi
Bank, UBL-Funds, SBP (research dept), Pakland Cement, Security
Printing Press.

Organzational Behaviour

Reference Books

(available on facnotes)

An Introduction to
Organizational Behavior
v. 1.1

Organizational
Behavior
15th Edition

By
Talya Bauer
Berrin Erdogan

Organzational Behaviour

by
Stephen P. Robbins
Timothy A. Judge

Introduction to Org Behaviour

Introduction to Org Behaviour

5

Soon you will be graduated.

Understand

organizational
events

Soon you will work with

people or
Will manage people, no
matter what your job,
position, or stage in career
You should know few things
about Organization

Organzational Behaviour

Organizational
Behavior
Research
Influence

Predict

organizational
events

organizational
events

Introduction to Org Behaviour

6

Organizational behavior is defined as the

systematic study and
application of knowledge
about how individuals and groups
act within the organizations
where they work.
Organzational Behaviour

Introduction to Org Behaviour

7

There are three levels of

analysis in OB
Organization (HIET)
the Group (Students,
Faculty)
Individual (me, you)

Organzational Behaviour

Introduction to Org Behaviour

8

Example:
if you want to understand teachers
personality, you would be examining the
individual level of analysis.

If you want to know about how

teachers personality affects this class,
you are examining things at the team
level.

if you want to understand how HIETs

culture affects my teachers behavior,
you would be interested in the
organizational level of analysis.

Organzational Behaviour

Introduction to Org Behaviour

9

Do you Know
about behavior of
these organization

Organzational Behaviour

Why Organizational Behavior Matters

10

We would like to know about ourselves,

What motivates us
When we feel highly energized
Condition/circumstance that demotivates us

We would like to know same about others

OB help us understand the Organization and

the groups we are working with.

Organzational Behaviour

Why Organizational Behavior Matters

11

It can apply anywhere

At your home with family
With friends
Studying at University

Organzational Behaviour

Why Organizational Behavior Matters

12

The individual

Job Satisfaction
Motivation
Empowerment
Ethics
Values
Attitude

Organzational Behaviour

Why Organizational Behavior Matters

13

The Group

Working together
Hidden Agenda
Conflicts
Diversity

Organzational Behaviour

Why Organizational Behavior Matters

14

The Organization

Innovation
Quality
Productivity
Collaboration
Efficiency
High Performance Team
Globalization (challenge)
Work Environment

Organzational Behaviour

Why Organizational Behavior Matters

15

Organizational Behavior can help you become

a more engaged organizational member.

Getting along with others

Getting a great job
Lowering your stress level
Making more effective decisions
Working effectively within a team

Organzational Behaviour

Why Organizational Behavior Matters

16

Survey by the National Association of Colleges and

Employers (NACE) asked employers which skills are the
most important for them when evaluating job candidates.

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

Communication skills
Honesty/integrity
Interpersonal skills
Motivation/initiative
Strong work ethic

Organzational Behaviour

Why Organizational Behavior Matters

17

Research shows that successful organizations

have a number of things in common, such as

Providing employment security

Utilizing self-managed teams
Being decentralized
Paying well
Training employees
Reducing status differences
Sharing information

Organzational Behaviour

Your OB Toolbox
18

Tools you can

use today

Ideas to
Consider

Higher quality
Interactions with
others

Increase value to
Organization

Organzational Behaviour

Your OB Toolbox: Skill Survival Kit

19

Keep your skills fresh: Consider revolutionizing

your portfolio of skills at least every 6 years.

Master something: Competence in many skills is

important, but excelling at something will set you
apart.

Embrace ambiguity: Many people fear the

unknown. They like things to be predictable.
Unfortunately, the only certainty in life is that
things will change.

Organzational Behaviour

Your OB Toolbox: Skill Survival Kit

20

Network: The term has been overused to the point

of sounding like a clich, but networking works. This
doesnt mean that having 500 connections on,
LinkedIn, or Facebook, but it does mean that getting
to know people is a good thing in ways you cant
even imagine now.

Appreciate new technology: This doesnt mean you

should get and use every new gadget that comes
out on the market, but it does mean you need to
keep up on what the new technologies are and how
they may affect you and the business you are in.

Organzational Behaviour

21

Let us do
Common Sense
Exercise

Organzational Behaviour

Let us do Common Sense Exercise

22

1. Brainstorming in a group is more effective than brainstorming

alone. True/ False
2. The first 5 minutes of a negotiation are just a warm-up to the
actual negotiation and dont matter much. True/ False
3. The best way to help someone reach their goals is to tell them
to do their best. True/ False
4. If you pay someone to do a task they routinely enjoy, theyll do
it even more often in the future. True/ False
5. Pay is a major determinant of how hard someone will work.
True/ False

Organzational Behaviour

Let us do Common Sense Exercise

23

6. If a person fails the first time, they try harder the next time.
True/False
7. People perform better if goals are easier. True/ False
8. Most people within organizations make effective decisions.
True/False
9. Positive people are more likely to withdraw from their jobs
when they are dissatisfied. True /False
10. Teams with one smart person outperform teams in which
everyone is average in intelligence. True/ False

Organzational Behaviour

24

Understanding Your Learning Style

Understanding Your Learning Style

25

If you notice that you retain more information by

reading and seeing diagrams and flow charts, you
may be a visual learner.

If you primarily learn by listening to others such

as in lectures, conversations, and videos, you may
be an auditory learner.

If you have a preference for actually doing things

and learning from trial and error, you may be a
kinesthetic learner.

Organzational Behaviour

Understanding Your Learning Style

26

If you are a visual learner

Draw pictures and diagrams to help you
understand
Take careful notes during class so you can refer
back to them later on
Summarize the main points of what you learn
using charts

Organzational Behaviour

Understanding Your Learning Style

27

If you are an auditory learner,

Join study groups so you can discuss your
questions and ideas and hear responses
Write down any oral instructions you hear in class
right away
Consider taping lectures if your professor says it is
OK and view online lectures on topics you are
interested in

Organzational Behaviour

Understanding Your Learning Style

28

If you are a kinesthetic learner,

Schedule your homework and study sessions so
you can take breaks and move around between
reading your notes or chapters;
Take good notes during classthis will force you
to pay attention and process information even
when you feel like you are getting it
Dont sign up for long once-a-week classesthey
normally require too much sitting and listening
time.

Organzational Behaviour

Understanding How OB Research is done

29

Understanding How OB Research is done

30

Data Collection method

Surveys
Interview
Direct observation

Researcher methods

Field Studies
Laboratory Studies
Case Studies
Meta-Analysis

Organzational Behaviour

31

Trends and Changes

Trends and Changes

32

Ethical Challenges
Business ethics refers to applying ethical principles to
situations that arise at work.

It feels like its been one ethical scandal after the other.
Enron , AIG, WorldCom, have all been examples of what can
be described in terms ranging from poor judgment to
outright illegal behavior.

The immediate response by government has been the

Sarbanes-Oxley Act (SOX) which went into effect in 2002.
This act consists of 11 different requirements aimed at
greater accountability, which companies must comply with
in terms of financial reporting.

Organzational Behaviour

OB Toolbox: Take an Ethics-at-Work Audit

33

Do you integrate ethics into your day-to-day

decisions at work?
Its easy to think about ethics as something big that
you either have or dont have, but the reality is that
ethical decisions are made or not made each and
every day.

Do you take the front page test when making

important decisions at work?
Thinking about how you would feel if the decisions
you are making at work showed up on the front page
of your local newspaper can help you avoid engaging
in questionable behavior.

Organzational Behaviour

OB Toolbox: Take an Ethics-at-Work Audit

34

Do you role model ethics at work?

Seeing others engage in unethical behavior is the start of
a slippery slope when it comes to ethics.

Do you consider if rewards are distributed ethically

at work?
Situations in which there are haves and have nots
are breeding grounds of unethical behavior.
If my salary is less, can I use official resource unethically?

Have you held a risk brainstorm at work?

If you ask those around you if they see any situations
that are challenging ethical behavior, you can uncover
some seriously risky situations and avoid them.

Organzational Behaviour

Trends and Changes

35

Lack of Employee Engagement

Studies suggest that fostering engagement, a concept
related to passion, in employees has a significant
impact on the corporate bottom line.

Employee engagement is a concept that is generally

viewed as managing discretionary effort, that is, when
employees have choices, they will act in a way that
furthers their organizations interests.

An engaged employee is a person who is fully involved

in and enthusiastic about their work.

Organzational Behaviour

Trends and Changes

36

Technology
Technology has transformed the way work gets done and has
created many great opportunities.
The nexus of increasing personal computing power, the Internet, as
well as nanotechnology are allowing things to be created that
werent even imaginable 50 years ago.
Rate of technological change is not expected to slow down anytime
soon.
As computers get faster, new software is written to capitalize on the
increased computing power.
We are also more connected by technology than ever before.
It is now possible to send and receive e-mails or text messages with
your coworkers and customers regardless of where in the world you
are.
Organzational Behaviour

37

Organizations Work Setting

Organizations Work Setting

38

Organizational culture
The shared beliefs and values that influence
the behavior of organizational members.
Reflects the internal personality of the
organization.
How we do things around here

Organzational Behaviour

Organizations Work Setting

39

Constructive culture
Members are encouraged to work together in ways
that meet higher order human needs.

Passive/defensive culture
Members tend to act defensively in their working
relationships.

Aggressive/defensive culture
Members tend to act forcefully in their working
relationships to protect their status and positions.

Organzational Behaviour

Organizations Work Setting

40

Workforce diversity
Individual differences of organizational
members, based on gender, race and ethnicity,
age.

Organzational Behaviour

Organizations Work Setting

41

Multiculturalism
Refers to inclusiveness, pluralism and genuine
respect for diversity and individual
differences.

Organzational Behaviour

42

Management Process

Management Process
43

Management in organizations is the function that

coordinates the efforts of people to accomplish
goals & objectives using limited resources
efficiently and effectively.

Management is defined as follows

1)
2)
3)
4)

Planning
Organizing
Command / direct
Controlling

Organzational Behaviour

Management Process
44

Organizing
Goal
Strategy
Time
Money
Schedule

Allocating resource
Who will do what

Planning

Commanding
Review and monitoring
evaluating progress

Controlling
Organzational Behaviour

Directing
Team &
motivation

That is all