Professional Documents
Culture Documents
UNIT 1
PRODUCTION SYSTEM
1.what is production?
Any process or procedure developed to transform a set of input elements like
men, materials, capital information and energy in to a specified set of output
elements like finished products or services in proper quantity or quality.
It is a process by which goods and services are created.
2.what is a system?
System is a regularly interacting or inter depending group of items forming a
unified whale.
3.what is meant by production system?
Production system is a set of interrelated component or sub-system which
receives the input from the environment transform it in to desirable outputs.
It includes all functions require to design produce, distribute, etc
Eg: garments, car, computer, mobile phone
4.Mention the nature of production system?
System,Organisational function,Transformation process,Creating utility
5.What is production management?
It refers to the application of management principles to a production of
factory. Factory system
6.What is operation management?
Page
1
Page
3
Unit 2
Forecasting Capacity Techniques
1. What is forecast?
It is a estimate of an event which will happen in future. It is only an estimate
based on the past data related to a particular event, proper care must be given in
estimating it.
2. What are the types of forecast?
1.
2.
3.
Technological forecasting
Economic forecasting
Demand forecasting.
Accurate
Timely reliable
Meaning full units
Written form simple to understand & use
=(0 , 1)
ft=(At-1)+(1-)(ft-1+Tt-1)
t=(ft-ft-1)+(1-)Tt-1
A=actual demand of this period.
Ft=forecast of the last period.
Tt=trend of the last period.
Y=+x
7. What is capacity planning?
The amount of output a system is capable of achieving over a specific period of
time is called capacity planning.
8. What are the types of capacity?
Production capacity, Design capacity, Effective capacity, Maximum capacity,
Measures of capacity
9. What is capacity cushion?
It is an addition amount of production capacity over and above the required
capacity to meet the expected demand.
10. What is diseconomics of scale?
Above a certain level of output addition volume of output results in ever
increasing average unit cost this phenomenon is known as diseconomics of scale.
11. What is experience curve?
The concept that avous a firm to increase the production capacity without
additional capital investment.
1.
2.
3.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Page
7
It is the process of tracing mrp records and all the levels of the product structure
to identify how changes in the record of one components with affects the record of
the other component.
27. What is cyclic counting?
Counting on on hand inventory at regular intervals to verify inventory quantities
shown in theMRP.
28. What is time fence?
It designated the length of time that must pass without changing the mps to
stabilize the mrp system.
29. What is period order quantity?
It also order quantity and lot sizing policy in which order quantity varies
according to a comparision of holding order cost.
30. What is manufacturing resource planning II?
It addresses the planning a control activity related to materials, capacity, finance ,
engineering , sales & marketing.
31. What is closed loop MRP II?
A system built around material requirement planning I and also including
additional planning functions such as crp & mps.
32. What is distribution requirement planning?
A time phased stock replenishment plan for all levels of a distribution network
using the MRP planning logic.
33. What is Enterprise Resource Planning?
A software package developed for optimum use of resources of an enterprise in a
planned manner it intergrates the entire enterprise
in a planned manner it
intergrates the entire enterprise starting from the supplier to the customer covering
logistics, financial & human resources.
34. What is tracking signal?
Page
8
UNIT 3
DESIGN OF PRODUCE SERVICE AND WORK SYSTEM
1. What are the factors influencing product design?
1.
Customer requirements
Page
9
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
Process design
Operation design
1.
2.
work study
work
measurement
Select
select
Record
record
examine
Operation
Process chart
flow
process chart
motion
chart
Page
11
firm
analysis chart
define
Examine
breakdown
Develop
measure
Define
time
synthesis
analytical
study
estimating
install
estimate normal
time
to achieve
13. What is work study?
It is a systematic critical examination of factor affecting productivity for the
purpose of improvement.
Work study is the body of knowledge concern with the analysis of work
method and the standard of proposed work method.
14. What are the objectives of work study?
1.
Present of doing and any
2.
To measure the work content of the job
3.
To measure the one qualified employee time required of possible workman
4.
Increase I productivity
5.
To improve the operation efficiency.
15. What is simultaneous motion (SIMO) chart?
Movement of the body members of the operator expressed in terms of therbigs
on common time scale
16. What is cyclic graph?
Page
12
UNIT -4
MATERIALS MANAGEMENT
1. What are the types of inventory cost?
Ordering cost
Carrying cost
UNIT5
PROJECT & FACILITY PLANNING
1. What is a project?
A project is a set of activities that use resources to accomplish the goals &
objectives
2. What is project management?
It is a decipline of planning, organizing, managing resources to bring about the
successful completion of specific project goals & objectives.
3. What are the challenges for project management?
Page
14
1.
To achieve all the project goals & objectives while honouring the project
Total accountability
Project dedication
Requirement for co-ordination intregrated planning & control
Global competition
Knowledge explotion
Corporate downsizing.
Increased customer focus
Rapid development of economics of nation
Concept phase
Initial planning or feasibility phase.
Detailed planning phase
Organization phase
Execution phase termination phase
Planning
Scheduling
Control
Team
Matrix organization
Project manager
Scope statement
Statement of work organization breakdown structure
Page
15
Management)
Represented by a circle
16. What is network?
Shows the sequential relationship among activities using nodes and arrows.
17. What is slack variable or float?
The amount of time that an activity or group of activity can slip without
causing a delay in the completion of the project.
18. What is project crashing?
Reducing project time,
Crash cost cost of reducing activity time.
3.
4.
24. What are the methods which evaluate the location decision method?
Factor rating method, Break even analysis method ,Quantitative method
25. What is facility layout?
It refers to the configuration of departments work centers & equipments &
machinery with follow of materials or work through the production system.
It involves decision about the fiscal arrangement of economic activity center
with in a facility.
26. What are the tools & techniques of layout?
Template
Operation sequence analysis different work center
Line balancing
Analyzing the layout using computers
Page
18