BFC 32602

MECHANICAL & ELECTRICAL SYSTEM

Sem. 11 2014/2015
Dr. Rafikullah Deraman
Room M202-04
019-9440083
rafikullah@uthm.edu.my

Chapter 1 :
Introduction to
M&E System

Kod & Nama Kursus

Nama & EmailPenulis

THE IMPORTANCE OF MECHANICAL &

ELECTRICAL SYSTEM for BUILDING

Modern Building Function:

shelters from rain

shelter from wind

shelter from snow

shelter from sun

shelter from other harsh conditions of nature.

Modern Building System function:

Built to create better, more consistent,

more productive environments in

which to work and to live.

M&E
SYSTEM

THE IMPORTANCE OF MECHANICAL &

ELECTRICAL SYSTEM for BUILDING

Building System Features:

lighting
comfortable space temperature

humidity
air quality
convenient power and communication capability
high quality sanitation
reliable systems for the protection of life and
property.

THE IMPORTANCE OF MECHANICAL &

ELECTRICAL SYSTEM for BUILDING

e.g:

i. Block-type Buildings Without

Windows (such as department
stores),

totally dependent on electrical

lighting (light source), ventilation,
and space conditioning.

ii. High Rise Building

High rise building rely on highspeed vertical transportation and

high pressure water for drinking
and cleaning purposes and for
protection against fire.

BFC 32603 Sistem Mekanikal & Elektrikal

Emedya Murniwaty Bt Samsudin
emedya@uthm.edu.my

Kuala Lumpur 1900

London 1900

New York 1900

Germany 1900

Kod & Nama Kursus

Nama & EmailPenulis

Kod & Nama Kursus

Nama & EmailPenulis

Kod & Nama Kursus

Nama & EmailPenulis

Kod & Nama Kursus

Nama & EmailPenulis

WORLD'S TALLEST BUILDINGS RANKED

Building and
Location

Year

Stories

Height
meters / feet

Chief
Architect

Burj Khalifa (Burj Dubai, or Dubai Tower),

Dubai, UAE

2010

162

828

Skidmore,
2,717 Owings &
Merrill

Makkah Royal Clock Tower Hotel,

Mecca, Saudi Arabia

2012

120

601

1,971

Busan Lotte World II

Busan S. Korea
(proposed)
Taipei 101 Tower
Taipei, Taiwan

Dar AlHandasah

Skidmore,
510.55 1,674 Owings and
Merrill
C.Y. Lee &
509 1,670
Partner
Kohn Pedersen
492 1,614
Fox

2015?

110

2004

101

Shanghai World Financial Center, China

2008

101

International Commerce Centre (ICC), Hong

Kong, China

2010

118

484

1,587. Kohn Pedersen

9 Fox

Petronas Towers 1 & 2, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

1998

88

452

1,483 Cesar Pelli

14

THE SCOPE OF BUILDING M&E

Consists of various complex systems
Varies according to; living standards of the society, climatic conditions,
occupancy & quality of the building, etc

Example;
House in a mild climate does not need heating or cooling,

Bulk storage does not need heating in winter, hospital need a supply of medical gas,
Office building need simple cooling device VS high-rise building needs central
cooling systems.

15

TYPES AND FEATURES OF BUILDING

M&E SYSTEMS
Consists of various
complex systems

Varies according to; living

standards of the society,
climatic conditions,
occupancy & quality of
the building, etc

Example;
House in a mild climate
does not need heating or
cooling,
Bulk storage does not need
heating in winter.
Hospital need a supply of
medical gas,
Office building need simple
cooling device
High-rise building needs
central cooling systems.

http://incrediblehome.net/wp-content/uploads/2012/05/radiant-heating.jpg

http://arcsolar.com/images/inFloorHeat/diagramRadiant2.JPG

17

Proper
Ventilation
Building
Transportati
on

Safety

Comfortable
Living
Sanitary
System

Lighting
System

Acoustic
System

Water
Supply

Comfortable Living
Standard of Comfortable Living:
British Standard, ASHRAE Standard,
Malaysian Standard

Laws and Enforcement:

Uniform Building By Law (1984),
Local Authorities Guidelines,
Technical Department Guidelines.

BUILDING M&E SYSTEMS

CLASSIFICATION
Mechanical Systems

HVAC; (Heating,
Ventilating and Air
Conditioning)
Site utilities; (Water
supply, storm water
drainage, sanitary
disposal, gas supply)
Plumbing; (Water
distribution, water
treatment, sanitary
facilities)
Fire protection; (Water
supply, stand pipe, fire
and smoke detection,
automatic sprinklers,
annunciation)
Special systems

Electrical Systems

Electrical power;
(Normal, standby,
emergency power supply
and distribution)
Lighting; (Interior,
exterior, emergency
lighting)
Auxiliary or support
system; (Telephone,
signal, data, audio video,
fire alarm, security
systems)

BFC 32603 Sistem Mekanikal & Elektrikal

Emedya Murniwaty Bt Samsudin
emedya@uthm.edu.my

Building Operation
Systems
Transportation;
(Elevators, escalators,
walkways)
Processing; (Production,
food service)
Automation;
(Environmental controls,
managements,)
Special systems

IMPACT OF BUILDING M&E SYSTEMS

Space Planning
Highest

Architectural Design
Construction Cost

Global Environments

Major impact

Priority During
Design/Construction

Contribution to impact
level

Minor impact

Lowest
BFC 32603 Sistem Mekanikal & Elektrikal
Emedya Murniwaty Bt Samsudin
emedya@uthm.edu.my

Impact on Space Planning

The M&E affects; the gross floor area,

footprint (size & shape of ground floor),
floor to floor height, geometry,
architectural expression
Allocations are made during the space
programming phase to allow
appropriate size and strategic location
Example;

(1) Large office buildings:

Central cooling/heating
equipment needs extra floor to
floor height (22ft~),

(2) Commercial Building: Complex ductwork, HVAC and

plumbing needs ceiling cavity (2~3 ft)
BFC 32603 Sistem Mekanikal & Elektrikal
Emedya Murniwaty Bt Samsudin
emedya@uthm.edu.my

Impact on Space Planning- Cont

* Buildings other than those used for classrooms follow the space required
for specialty buildings such as laboratories, computer centers and
residences.

Impact on Architectural Design

Early building design; one room, one window for ventilation and lighting
Modern buildings develops according to the modernization of building M&E systems
(common building geometry figures)
Building Height Vs Space utilization; 7 storey (75ft ~) buildings are considered high-rise
(determined by the reach of firefighters ladder), limit the ability for human to walk up and
down stairs > transportation is needed
Height increases = Less usable space on the floor more floor for stairs, elevators,
structural elements, M/E shafts, etc

Impact on Architectural Design

Building Height Classification:

Low Rise Building: less than 7 storey or lower than 75 feet from street level
High Rise Building: 7 storey 29 storey
Super High Rise Building: 30 storey 50 storey
Skyscrapers: 51 storey and above.
Basic Building Shapes

BFC 32603 Sistem Mekanikal & Elektrikal

Emedya Murniwaty Bt Samsudin
emedya@uthm.edu.my

Impact on Construction Cost

Building Height on Construction Cost
Taller buildings needs more time, hoisting equipment and complicated scheduling to raise
M/E materials to upper floors
Buildings more than 10 stories increases 5-15% of cost for the next 5 stories per floor area,
15~ stories increases 10~15%
M&E Systems Vs. Construction Cost
Depends on; the type of building, standard of living, architectural design, the systems selected
Table 1-2: Range of M&E systems costs of buildings

Impact on Operating Cost

Includes; energy consumption, routine maintenance,
repairs, replacements and utilities
Building Structural components (except roof) are usually
long lasting
M&E vs initial capital investment

* Buildings other than those used for classrooms follow the

space required for specialty buildings such as laboratories,
computer centers and residences.

Impact on Global Environment

Thermal Heat Island effect at urban

area
Image of Atlanta, Georgia, showing
temperature distribution, with blue
showing cool temperatures, red warm,
and hot areas appear white.

Light Pollution

SYSTEM INTEGRATION &

MANAGEMENT

Integrated Building Management System (IBMS) a complete information delivery

system that monitors and controls a variety of systems and functions at an optimal
level of efficiency.

IBMS is an intelligent/smart building system and the system design consists of the
following components :
i. Building automation System
ii.Fire Detection and Alarm System
iii.Public Address System
iv.Security System

BFC 32603 Sistem Mekanikal & Elektrikal

Emedya Murniwaty Bt Samsudin
emedya@uthm.edu.my

INTEGRATED BUILDING MANAGEMENT

SYSTEM
An Integrated Building
Management System (IBMS)
is a computer-based
integrated control system.
It is installed in areas like
large Residential
compounds, Office
buildings, Institution
Campuses,
IBMS mainly consists of the
most crucial systems for the
safe and smooth running of
a business area or building.

Those are, Power systems,

Lighting system, Electric
power control system,
Ventilation and Airconditioning System,
Security system, Magnetic
card and access system, Fire
alarm system, Lifts/
Elevators, Plumbing system,
Burglar alarms, CCTV, Home
Automation System, etc.

INTEGRATED BUILDING MANAGEMENT

SYSTEM

SYSTEM BENEFITS
Better Management
improved plant reliability and life
effective response to Ventilation and Air-conditioning
related complaints
save time and money during the maintenance
increased staff productivity

Better Control
good control of internal comfort conditions
possibility of individual room control
effective monitoring and targeting of energy consumption
BFC 32603 Sistem Mekanikal & Elektrikal
Emedya Murniwaty Bt Samsudin
emedya@uthm.edu.my

END OF TOPIC 1

THANK YOU