Professional Documents
Culture Documents
ON
Submitted by
MR. IRSHADHUSEN INAYATHUSEN SHEKH
ROLL NO: 45
Faculty of Law
Vadodara
At the outset, I would like to articulate this project as small journey which was a remarkable
learning experience for me. The successful completion of this project is only because of the
extraordinary support, guidance, counselling and motivation from my respectable staff of the
M.S. University, and my organization. This journey was also could not be completed without
support of my family and friends.
I express my deep gratitude to Mr. Gopi Valand (HR Executives), my training officer and
mentor for this project. Thorough the support provided by him, I have imparted knowledge on
the avenues which this project have opened and explored . His directions in making me think
about unique conceptual and practical aspects of Health & Safety which has lifted this project
at this stage of successful completion.
I extend my gratitude to Innovative Cuisine Private Limited and My Manager and all my
colleagues , friends for their encouragement, support, guidance and assistance for undergoing
industrial training and for preparing the project report.
CERTIFICATE OF ORIGINALITY
Date :_______________
I, Mr. Irshadhusen Inayathusen Shekh (Seat No. 45), the undersigned hereby declare that
the project report entitled, A Study of Health & Safety Measures: A study of selected
employees in Innovative Cuisine Private Limited submitted in partial fulfillment for the
award of the Post Graduate Diploma in Labour Practice for the Academic year 2014-15 for
the evaluation in lieu of the Annual Examination to be held in April/May, 2015 is my own
work and has been carried.
The work is an original one and has not being submitted earlier to this university or to any
other institution/ organization for fulfillment of the requirement of a course or for award of
any Degree/ Diploma/ Certificate. All the sources of information used in this Project Report
have been duly acknowledged in it.
PREFACE
Today we are at the doorstep of 21st Century, competition at the various levels is increasing
day by day. New and new developments are taking place and these days in all fields all over
India to make the life of the people more comfortable a luxurious.
Diploma education brings its students in direct contact with the real corporate world thorough
industrial training. The Diplomas programmes provides its students with an in depth study of
various managerial activities that are performed in any organization.
DECLARATION
I hereby declare that the entire work embodied in the Project Report entitled A Study of
Health & Safety Measures at Innovative Cuisine Private Limited", has been carried out
by me , Faculty of Law, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara. The matter
presented in this report incorporates the results of independent investigations carried out by
me. To the best of my knowledge, no part of this report has been submitted for any Degree or
Diploma to The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda or any other University/Institution
in India or Abroad.
Date:21/04/2015
Place: Vadodara
TABLE OF CONTENTS
CHAPTER
NUMBER
PAGE
NUMBER
Acknowledgements
Certificate of Originality
Declaration
1
INTRODUCTION :
8 to 19
1.1 Introduction
10
10
11
12
12
14
16
17
17
17
19
COMPANY PROFILE
20 to 23
REVIEW OF LITERATURE
24 to 31
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
32 to 35
33
33
33
33
33
34
34
34
35
35
35
36 to 59
60 to 63
BIBLIOGRAPHY
64
QUESTIONNAIRE
66
CHAPTER -1
INTRODUCTION
CHAPTER-1
INTRODUCTION
1.1 INTRODUCTION :
Due to rapid industrialization, industrial workers are exposed to several types of
hazards and accidents. Every year lakhs of workers are injured due to mechanical, chemical,
electrical and radiation hazards and it leads to partial or total disablement. So in recent years,
greater attention is given to health and safety due to pressure from government, trade unions,
labour laws and awareness of employers.
The efficiency of workers depends to a great extends on the environment in which the
work. Work environment consists of all the factors, which act and react on the body and mind
of an employee. The primary aim is to create an environment, which ensures the greatest ease
of work and removes all causes of worries.
Occupational health and safety is a discipline with a broad scope involving many
specialized fields. In its broadest sense, it should aim at:
a) The promotion and maintenance of the highest degree of physical, mental and social
well-being of workers in all occupations.
b) The prevention among workers of adverse effects on health caused by their working
conditions.
c) The protection of workers in their employment from risks resulting from factors
adverse to health.
d) The placing and maintenance of workers in an occupational environment adapted to
physical and mental needs.
e) The adaptation of work to humans.
Successful occupational health and safety practice requires the collaboration and
participation of both employers and workers in health and safety programmes, and involves
the consideration of issues relating to occupational medicine, industrial hygiene, toxicology,
education, engineering safety, ergonomics, psychology, etc.
are
often
given
less
attention
than
occupational safety issues because the former are generally more difficult to confront.
However, when health is addressed, so is safety, because a healthy workplace is by definition
also a safe workplace. The converse, though, may not be true - a so-called safe workplace is
not necessarily also a healthy workplace. The important point is that issues of both health and
safety must be addressed in every workplace.
Work plays a central role in people's lives, since most workers spend at least eight
hours a day in the workplace, whether it is on a plantation, in an office, factory, etc.
Therefore, work environments should be safe and healthy. Unfortunately some employers
assume little responsibility for the protection of workers' health and safety. In fact, some
employers do not even know that they have the moral and often legal responsibility to protect
workers.
1.2 WHAT IS SAFETY ?
Safety refers to the absence of accidents. Stated differently, safely refers to the
protection of workers from the danger of accidents. Safety, in simple terms, means freedom
from the occurrence or risk of injury or loss. Industrial safety or employee safety refers to the
protection of workers from the danger of industrial accidents. An accident, then is an
unplanned and uncontrolled event in which an action or reaction of an object, a substance, a
person, or a radiation results in personal injury.
she recovers from such a disability, his or her disability is temporary. If the injury is such that
he or she will never recover fully, his or her disability is permanent.
1.4 NEED FOR SAFETY :
(1) Cost Saving :
Two types of costs are incurred by the management when an accident occurs. There
are the direct costs, in the form of compensation payable to the dependents of the victim if the
accident is fatal, and medical expenses incurred in treating the patient if the accident is
non-fatal. The management, however, is not liable to meet the direct costs if the victim is
insured under the ESI scheme. When the victim is uninsured, compensation and medical
expenses are the responsibility of the management .
More serious than the direct costs are the indirect or hidden costs which the
management cannot avoid. In fact, the indirect costs are three to four times higher than the
direct costs. Hidden costs include loss on account of down-time of operators, slowed-up
production rate of other workers, materials spoiled and labour for cleaning and damages to
equipment.
(2) Increased Productivity :
Safety plants are efficient plants. To a large extent, safety promotes productivity.
Employees in safe plants can devote more time to improving the quality and quantity of their
output and spend less time worrying about their safety and well-being.
(3) Moral :
Safety is important on human grounds too. Managers must undertake accident
prevention measures to minimise the pain and suffering the injured worker and his/her family
is often exposed to as a result of the accident. An employee is a worker in the factory and the
bread-winner for his/her family. The happiness of his/her family depends upon the health and
well-being of the worker.
(4) Legal :
There are legal reasons too for undertaking safety measures. there are laws covering
occupational health & safety, and penalties for non-compliance have become quite severe.
The responsibility extends to the safety and health of the surrounding community, too. The
supreme court held :
An enterprise which is engaged in a hazardous or inherently dangerous industry which poses
a potential threat to the health and safety of the persons working in the factory and industry
in the surrounding areas, owes an absolute and non-delegable duty to the community to
ensure that no harm results to anyone on account of the hazardous or inherently dangerous
nature. this implies unlimited liability.
11
The civil law establishes the extent of damages or compensation. In the criminal law,
sentences are prescribed under the pollution control laws. There is no legal ceiling on the
extent of liability.
1.5 HEALTH AND SAFETY AT WORK :
According to Cole (2002), employer has a common law duty to provide a safe place of work
for his or her employees and is liable at common law for accidents encounter by his or her
employees in the course of their employment. The duties (regarding health and safety) which
employer owes his or her employees basically include the following:
A duty of care to ensure that employees are not subjected to any unreasonable risks in
the workplace.
through management, participation in health and safety leadership training meetings, facility
inspections incident investigations etc.
13
Women and child workers are prohibited to be employed in any part of a factory for pressing
cotton in which a cotton opener is at work.
15
In any factory, no person shall be allowed to enter any chamber, tank, vat, pipe, flue or other
confined space in which dangerous fumes are likely to be present to an extent involving risks
to persons.
(16) Explosive or Inflammable Dust, Gas (Sec 37) :
All practicable measures have to be taken to prevent explosion by, effective enclosure of
plant and machinery, removal or prevention of the accumulation of dust, gas etc and
exclusion or effective enclosure of all possible sources of ignition.
(17) Precaution in case of Fire (Sec 38) :
Every factory has to be provided with adequate means of escape in case of fire. Effective and
clearly audible means of giving warning in the case of fire have to be provided. A free
passage-way giving access to each means of escape in case of fire has to be maintained.
(18) Power to require Specifications of Defective Parts or Tests of Stability (Sec 39):
The factory inspector to serve on the manager of a factory to furnish specifications of
defective parts or he may order the manager to carry out tests as he may specify and to inform
him of the results.
(19) Safety of Buildings & Machinery (Sec 40) :
Every factory should adopt the measures to ensure the safety of the buildings and machinery.
The factory must employ the required safety officers according to the number of workers
working in the factory.
(20) Power to Make Rules (Sec 41) :
The state government has the power to make rules to supplement the provisions relating to
safety contained in the Act.
1.8 WHAT IS HEALTH :
Health is a state of complete physical, mental and social wellbeing and not merely the
absence of diseases. Its a positive and dynamic concept which means something more than
the absence of illness.
(1) Physical Health :
The health of employees results in reduced productivity, high unsafe acts, and increased
absenteeism. A healthy worker, on the other hand, produces results opposite to these. In other
words, healthy employees are more productive, more safe conscious, and are more regular to
work. The worker who is healthy is always cheerful, confident looking and is an invaluable
asset to the organization.
(2) Mental Health :
16
In recent years, mental health of employees, particularly that of executives, has engaged the
attention of employers. Three reasons may be given for this development. First, mental
breakdowns are common in modern days because of pressures and tensions. Second, mental
disturbances of various types result in reduced productivity and lower profits for the
organization. Third, mental illness takes its toll through alcoholism, high employee turnover,
and poor human relationships. A mental health service is generally rendered in the following
ways :
from top to bottom need to be clear, and workers should know who is responsible for
different health and safety issues.
1.11 STATUTORY PROVISIONS OF HEALTH IN INDIA :
According to factories Act, 1948, the statutory provisions regarding the health of the workers
are stated in the sections 11 to 20. They are
18
afterwards, there must be at least 4.2 cubic meters of space. The chief inspector of factories
can also prescribe the maximum number of workers who can work in each work room.
(7) Lighting (Sec 17) :
Factories must be well lighted. Effective measures must be adopted to prevent glare or
formation of shadows which might cause eye strain.
(8) Drinking water (Sec 18) :
Arrangements must be made to provide a sufficient supply of wholesome drinking water. All
supply points of such water must be marked drinking water.
No such points shall be within 20 ft. (or 7.5 meters) of any latrine, washing place etc.
Factories employing more than 250 workers must cool the water during the hot weather.
(9) Toilet Facilities (Sec 19) :
Every factory must provide sufficient number of latrines and urinals. There must be separate
provisions for male and female workers.
Latrines and urinals must be kept in a clean and sanitary condition. In factories employing
more than 250 workers, they shall be of prescribed sanitary types.
(10) Spittoons (Sec 20) :
A sufficient number of spittoons must be provided at convenient places, in a clean and
hygienic condition. The State Government may take rules regarding their number, location
and maintenance.
1.12 HEALTH AND SAFETY PROGRAMME :
Effective workplace health and safety programmes can help to save the lives of workers by
reducing hazards and their consequences. Health and safety programmes also have positive
effects on both worker morale and productivity, which are important benefits. At the same
time, effective programmes can save employers a great deal of money. For all of the reasons
given below, it is crucial that employers, workers and unions are committed to health and
safety.
a)
b)
c)
Both workers and employers are informed about health and safety risks in the
workplace.
19
d)
There is an active and effective health and safety committee that includes both
workers and management.
e)
CHAPTER- 2
COMPANY
PROFILE
20
CHAPTER 2
COMPANY PROFILE
ICPL was set up in 2010 as a joint venture of Deep Foods Inc. USA and Deep Kiran
Foods Pvt. Ltd-Ahmadabad, India, to manufacture Frozen Fruits & vegetable , Ready to eat &
Ready to Cook Items. One of the top ten Frozen food suppliers in the world, The company
designs, manufactures and supplies Frozen Food, products and services to the world's so
many countries like New Zealand, USA, Australia.
Innovative came in to existence in the year 2010 under the leadership of Mr. Dipak
Rasiklal Dalal. He specialized in the manufacturing frozen fruits & Vegetable. Innovative is
sister concern company of Deep Kiran Foods (Ahemdabad).
The companies to grow at a very fast speed due to the hard work, dedication and
quality consciousness of Mr. Dipak Rasiklal Dalal. His efforts were fully rewarded when
these companies were selected as major ancillary units of Deep Foods Inc. USA.
Innovative Cuisine Private Limited currently have 5 Active Directors / Partners:
Nehul Dinesh chandra Mehta, Arvind Nanubhai Amin, Archit Arvind Amin, Deepak Arvind
Amin, Dipak Rasiklal Dalal, and there are no other Active Directors / Partners in the
company except these 5 officials.
The combination of these two well-known groups has resulted in the establishment of
a vibrant company, which has had a successful track record of sustained growth over the last
Five years. ICPL is one of India's first rank companies for exporting frozen vegetable with
five manufacturing companies and a turnover of Rs 63 Cr. Incorporating the strengths of
21
Deep food Inc and the Deep Kiran Foods Ind., ICPL has emerged as one of the foremost
leaders in the Frozen Food industry today. ICPL reaches out to all segments of the Food
industry such as Frozen Vegetable, Frozen Ready to Eat, Frozen ready to Cook, Farshan, and
Pickles & Chatni. With the Food industry in the world currently undergoing phenomenal
changes, ICPL with its excellent facilities, is fully equipped to meet the challenges of
tomorrow.
PRODUCTS
ICPL manufactures the most comprehensive range of Quick frozen vegetables and ready to
eat Items in the country. A range which continues to set standards in the industry. The
products are designed to meet the demands of Customers both in India and worldwide. ICPL
has ensured that each of its products is manufactured to meet global standards.
LIST OF PRODUCTS MANUFACTURED :
Indian Market
US Market
SNAKE GAURD
PATRA
GREEN CHANA
SAMOSA POTETO
GUVAR
SAMOSA DAL
TUVAR
SWEET CORN
TUVER
SURTI PAPDI LILVA
SURTI PAPDI
RATALU
JINGER
KHAMAN
PARATHA
IDLI SHAMBHAR
DRUMSTICK
SUGARCANE JUICE
MENGO PULP
GREEN MENGO
RED GUVAVA
CAPCICUM
22
SNAKE GUARD
ARVI
SURAN
TINDORA
KARELA
CARROT
GREEN PEAS
CHIKOO
PALSA PULP
CLIENTS
CUSTOMER
COUNTRY
INDIA
DEEP FOODS NJ
USA
DEEP FOODS AS
AUSTRALIA
DEEP FOODS CN
CANADA
DEEP FOODS SF
SAN FRANCISCO
DEEP FOODS NZ
NEW ZEALEND
DIVISIONS
ICPL has grown hand in hand with the automobile industry in the country. The
company's policies have recognized the need to respond effectively to changing customer
needs, helping to propel it to a position of leadership. The company has raised its standards
on quality, productivity, reliability and flexibility by channeling its interests.
At present, there are five divisions:
1. Frozen Vegetable (ICPL-FV)
2. Frozen Fruit
(ICPL-FF)
3. Ready to Eat
(ICPL-RE)
4. Ready to Cook
(ICPL-RC)
5. Chatni-Pickles
(ICPL-CP)
23
CHAPTER -3
REVIEW OF
LITERATURE
24
CHAPTER -3
REVIEW OF LITERATURE
1) Johannson B; Rask K; Stenberg M (2010), this study was to carry out a broad survey
and analysis of relevant research articles about piece rate wages and their effects on health
and safety. A total of 75 research articles were examined extensively and 31 of these were
found relevant and had sufficient quality to serve the purpose of this study. The findings
of these relevant articles are summarized and analyzed in the survey. More recent research
shows a clear interest for health, musculoskeletal injuries, physical workload, pains and
occupational injuries. The fact that 27 of the 31 studied articles found negative effects of
piece rates on different aspects of health and safety does not prove causality, but together
they give very strong support that in most situations piece rates have negative effects on
health and safety.
2) Tompa, Emile PhD; Dolinschi, Roman MA; de Oliveira (2009), we reviewed the
occupational health and safety intervention literature to synthesize evidence on financial
merits of such interventions. A literature search included journal databases, existing
systematic reviews, and studies identified by content experts. We found strong evidence
that ergonomic and other musculoskeletal injury prevention intervention in manufacturing
and warehousing are worth undertaking in terms of their financial merits. The economic
evaluation of interventions in this literature warrants further expansion. The review also
provided insights into how the methodological quality of economic evaluations in this
literature could be improved.
3) Conor CO Reynolds; M Anne Harris; Peter A Cripton; Meghan Winters (2009),
Bicycling has the potential to improve fitness. Understanding ways of making bicycling
safer is important to improving population health. We reviewed studies of the impact of
transportation infrastructure on bicyclist safety. To assess safety, studies examining the
following outcomes were included: injuries; injury severity; and crashes. Results to date
suggest that sidewalks and multi-use trails pose the highest risk, major roads are more
hazardous than minor roads, and the presence of bicycle facilities (e.g. on-road bike
routes, on-road marked bike lanes, and off-road bike paths) was associated with the
25
lowest risk. Street lighting, paved surfaces, and low-angled grades are additional factors
that appear to improve cyclist safety.
4) Lucia Artazcoz; Imma Cortes; Vincenta Escriba-aguir; Lorena Cascant (2009), the
objectives of this study was to identify family and job characteristics associated with long
work hours. The sample was composed of all salaried workers aged 1664 years (3950
men and 3153 women) interviewed in the 2006 Catalonian Health Survey. Factors
associated with long working hours differed by gender. In men, working 5160 h a week
was consistently associated with poor mental health status, self-reported hypertension, job
dissatisfaction, smoking, shortage of sleep. Among women it was only related to smoking
and to shortage of sleep. The association of overtime with different health indicators
among men and women could be explained by their role as the family breadwinner.
5) Dee W. Edington; Alyssa B. Schultz (2008), The aim was to present the literature which
provides evidence of the association between health risks and the workplace economic
measures of time away from work, reduced productivity at work, health care costs and
pharmaceutical costs. A search of PubMed was conducted and high quality studies were
selected and combined with studies known to the authors. A strong body of evidence
exists which shows that health risks of workers are associated with health care costs and
pharmaceutical costs. A growing body of literature also confirms that health risks are
associated with the productivity measures. The paper shows that measures of success will
continue to be important as the field of worksite health management moves forward.
6) David E. Cantor (2008), The purpose of this paper was to review the literature and call
for additional research into the human, operational, and regulatory issues that contribute
to workplace safety in the supply chain. This paper identifies several potential research
opportunities that can increase awareness of the importance of improving a firm's
workplace safety practices. This paper identifies 108 articles which informs, how the
logistics and transportation safety has evolved. The paper identifies 14 future research
opportunities within the workplace safety in the supply chain, that have been identified
can have a positive effect on practitioners confronted with safety issues.
26
27
adverse associations of long domestic and total working hours with medically certified
absences. Employee control over daily working hours may protect health and help
workers successfully combine a full-time job with the demands of domestic work.
10) A Baker; K Heiler; S A Ferguson (2002), The occupational health and safety
implications associated with compressed and extended work periods have not been fully
explored in the mining sector. Absenteeism and incident frequency rate data were
collected over a 33 month period that covered three different roster schedules. The only
significant change in absenteeism rates was an increase in the maintenance sector in the
third data collection period. The current study did not find significant negative effects of a
12-hour pattern, when compared to an 8-hour system. However, when unregulated and
excessive overtime was introduced as part of the 12-hour/5-day roster, absenteeism rates
were increased in the maintenance sector.
11) N Nakanishia; H Yoshidaa; K Naganoa; H Kawashimob; K Nakamurac (2001), to
evaluate the association of long working hours with the risk of hyper-tension. The work
site is in Osaka, Japan. 941 hypertension free Japanese male white collar workers aged
3554 years were prospectively examined by serial annual health examinations. 424 men
developed hypertension above the borderline level. After controlling for potential
predictors of hypertension, the relative risk for hypertension above the borderline level,
compared with those who worked < 8.0 hours per day was 0.48, for those who worked
10.010.9 hours per day was 0.63. These results indicate that long working hours are
negatively associated with the risk for hypertension in Japanese male white collar
workers.
12) N. Haworth; C. Tingvall & N. Kowadlo (2000), In response to an increasing awareness
of the role of work-related driving in crashes and the related costs, many private and
government organisations have developed programs to improve fleet safety. The purpose
of this project is to investigate the potential to introduce road safety based initiatives in
the corporate environment. From the review, that the fleet safety initiatives which have
potential to be effective are, Selecting safer vehicles, Some particular driver training and
education programs, Incentives, Company safety programs. It is assumed that the degree
28
of influence is likely to decrease as the type of vehicle moves from the fleet towards the
private end of the continuum.
13) Graves carol gevecker; Matanoski genevieve m; Tardiff robert g (2000), Carbonless
copy paper (CCP), introduced in 1954. Its safety to workers who handle large amounts of
CCP has been addressed in numerous studies and reports. This review encompasses the
world's literature on CCP and provides a weight-of-evidence analysis of the safety of CCP
to workers in the United States. Since 1987, has produced neither primary skin irritation
nor skin sensitization under normal conditions of manufacture and use. Finally, very few
published complaints have come from the manufacturing sector where the closest and
most voluminous contact occurs. Based on the weight of the evidence, NIOSH is
anticipated to conclude that CCP is not a hazard to workers and has only a small
possibility of producing mild and transient skin irritation.
14) Karen J.M. Niven (2000), A literature review was described which aimed to evaluate
economic evaluations of health and safety interventions in healthcare. Problems were
identified with valuing benefits in health and safety because they frequently take many
years to emerge and are difficult to measure. Understanding of economic techniques
within the health and safety professions was limited, resulting in wide-ranging
assumptions being made as to the positive economic impact of health and safety
interventions. Healthcare managers, health economists, and health and safety
professionals have not traditionally worked together and have inherent misunderstandings
of each other roles. The review concludes that the aim of future research should be to
assist the National Health Service (NHS) to make valid decisions about health and safety
investment and risk control methods.
15) A Spurgeon; J M Harrington; C L Cooper (1997), The European Community
Directive on Working Time, which should have been implemented in member states of
the European Community by November 1996. This paper reviews the current evidence
relating to the potential effects on health and performance of extensions to the normal
working day. Research to date has been restricted to a limited range of health
outcomes--namely, mental health and cardiovascular disorders. Other potential effects
29
30
workplace settings and geographies. Moreover, it finds that some existing documents are
not publicly available.
19) Maynard, Andrew D, Article from newsletter by Andrew Maynard summarizing the
current level of development and government investment in nanotechnology research and
development, how nanotechnology presents a potential challenge to conventional
approaches to understanding health hazards in the workplace, and how the United States
National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health is working to address current and
potential adverse health impacts in the workplace from nanotechnology.
20) Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment, and Health, This article seeks to
address a number of important questions concerning the potential health and workplace
safety risks raised by the manufacturing, handling, and distributing of engineered neno
particles. The article addresses the following questions; (1) the hazards classification of
engineered neno particles, (2) exposure metrics, (3) the actual exposures workers may
have to different engineered neno particles in the workplace, (4) the limits of engineering
controls and personal protective equipment in protecting workers in regard to engineered
neno particles, (5) the kind of surveillance programs that should be put in place to protect
workers, (6) whether exposure registers should be established, and (7) if engineered neno
particles should be treated as new substances and evaluated for safety and hazards.
31
32
CHAPTER-4
RESEARCH
METHODOLOGY
CHAPTER-4
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
4.1 TITLE OF THE RESEARCH STUDY :
A Study of Health and Safety Measures : A study of Selected employees in Innovative
Cuisine Private Limited.
4.2 DURATION OF THE RESEARCH STUDY :
This study was carried out for duration of 2 month.
4.3 RATIONALE OF THE RESEARCH STUDY :
33
This study was given an overview of the health and safety measures existing at Innovative
Cuisine Pvt. Ltd. Since health and safety are two important elements essential for
improving the productivity of an organization, a study on the existing health and safety
measures would help the organization to perform better. This study was highlight on the
perception of the workers regarding health and safety. Innovative Cuisine Pvt. Ltd. can
identify the areas where it can be improved, so as to improve the performance of the
workers. This study would also help to analyze the satisfaction level of the workers
towards health and safety measures and suggest provisions to improve health and safety.
To ascertain the health and safety measures adopted in Innovative Cuisine Private
Limited.
Other Objectives :
To study the awareness of the workers about health and safety in the work place.
To find out satisfaction level of the respondents towards health & safety measure.
34
The research design of this study considering its objectives, scope & coverage was
exploratory as well as descriptive in nature.
35
The representative sampling units in appropriate & justified size has been
conveniently drawn from amongst different employees across various heterogeneous
socio- economic age groups, occupations, gender who have availed health & safety
measures as offered the Innovative Cuisine Private Limited.
The collected information and primary data has been subjected to data analysis and
interpretation. The collected primary data has been pre-coded considering the designing
of the structured non-disguised questionnaire. The primary data has been scrutinized,
edited and validated and thereafter it has been presented in the forms of tables, charts,
graphs and diagrams as the case may be.
36
Health and Safety measures are inevitable to any organization where workers are
involved. Its an organizations responsibility to provide to its workers beyond the
payment of wages for their services. The workers health and safety on and off the job
within the organization is a vital concern of the employer. The working environment in a
factory adversely affects the workers health and safety because of the excessive heat or
cold, noise, odors, fumes, dust and lack of sanitation and pure air etc., which leads
to
accident or injury or disablement or loss of life to the workers. Providing a health and
safer environment is a pre-requisite for any productive effort. These must
be held in
check by providing regular health check-up, protective devices and compensatory
benefits to the workers. This research deals with the study on the health and safety
measures provided to the workers at Innovative Cuisine Private Limited.
The study is applicable only to Wheels India ltd, Padi, chennai. Therefore the
results cannot be generalized for the whole industry.
The time factor in collecting the responses as in conducting the research study
would be limiting factor.
CHAPTER5
37
CHAPTER 5
DATA ANALYSIS & INTERPRETAION
TABLE 1 : Table showing age of respondents
Sr.
No.
A
B
C
D
E
Range
Below 25
No. of
Respondents
10
17
26 - 30
31 35
36 40
Above 40
18
22
4
6
30
36
7
10
60
100
Total
38
Range
No. of Respondents
Below 5
05
08
6 - 10
12
20
11 15
22
37
39
16 20
18
30
Above 20
03
05
60
100
Total
Interpretation : From the above table, 8% of the respondents have work experience of
below 5 years, 20% of the respondents have work experience of 6-10 years, and 37% of the
respondents have work experience of 11-15 years,30% respondents have work experience of
16-20 years, and 5% respondents have work experience of above 20 years .
Majority of the employees in the organization have a work experience of 11-15 years.
Sr. No.
Range
No. of Respondents
YES
48
80
NO
12
20
60
100
Total
Interpretation: In the survey,80% of the respondents are aware of the health and safety
measures but 20% of the respondents respond that they are not aware of the health and safety
measures adopted in the company.
TABLE 4 : Table showing the effective arrangements for communicating Health and
Safety matters
Sr. No.
Range
No. of Respondents
YES
24
40
NO
36
60
41
Total
60
100
Interpretation : In the survey, only 40% of the respondents say that they have effective
arrangements for communicating health and safety matters but nearly 60% of the respondents
says that they have no effective arrangements for communicating health and safety matters in
the company.
TABLE 5 : Table showing the medical facility
Sr. No.
Range
No. of Respondents
YES
48
80
NO
12
20
60
100
Total
42
Interpretation : In the survey, 80% of the respondents say that the company is providing
medical facilities to the workers but 20% of the respondents respond the company is not
providing any medical facilities to the workers.
TABLE 6 : Table showing the Health and Safety Training
Sr. No.
Range
No. of Respondents
YES
42
70
NO
18
30
60
100
Total
43
Interpretation: In the survey, 70% of the respondents respond that they attended the health
and safety training programme conducted in the company but 30% of the respondents says
that they are not attended any health and safety training programme conducted in the
company.
Range
No. of Respondents
Once in 5 year
14
23
Once in 3 year
36
60
Yearly once
10
17
Monthly
00
Rarely
00
60
100
Total
44
Interpretation : In the survey, 23% of the respondents say that the training is offered once in
5 years and 60% of the respondents respond that the training is offered once in 3 years and
the remaining 17% of the respondents says that the training is offered yearly once. No
respondents say that the training is offered monthly or rarely.
Range
No. of Respondents
Always
10
17
Sometimes
32
53
Often
12
20
Rarely
06
10
Not at all
00
60
100
Total
45
Interpretation: In the survey, 17% of the respondents say that always they have proper
drinking water and 53% of the respondents respond that sometimes they have proper drinking
water and 20% respondents says often they have proper drinking water and 10% of the
respondents says rarely they have proper drinking water facility inside the work place.
Range
No. of Respondents
Always
08
13
Sometimes
16
27
Often
32
53
Rarely
04
07
Not at all
00
46
Total
60
100
Interpretation : In the survey, 13% of the respondents say that always they have stress and
27% of the respondents respond that sometimes they have stress and 53% of the respondents
says often they have stress and only 7% respondents says rarely they have stress towards
work.
TABLE 10: Table showing the awareness about first aid activities and contents of the
first aid kit
Sr. No.
Range
No. of Respondents
Strongly agree
46
77
Agree
14
23
Neutral
Disagree
47
Strongly disagree
Total
60
100
Range
No. of Respondents
Strongly agree
36
60
Agree
24
40
Neutral
Disagree
48
Strongly disagree
Total
60
100
Interpretation : In the survey, 60% of the respondents strongly agrees that the company
implements effective disciplinary procedures but 40% respondents simply agrees that the
company implements effective disciplinary procedures to maintain health and safety in the
organization. No respondents say that the company is not implementing effective disciplinary
procedures.
Range
No. of Respondents
Strongly agree
17
28
Agree
43
72
Neutral
00
49
Disagree
00
Strongly disagree
00
60
100
Total
Interpretation : In the survey, 28% of the respondents strongly agree that the working
temperature is reasonable to work but 72% respondents simply agree that the working
temperature is reasonable to work. No respondents say that the working temperature is not
reasonable to work.
Range
No. of Respondents
Strongly agree
13
22
Agree
28
46
50
Neutral
19
32
Disagree
Strongly disagree
60
100
Total
Interpretation : In the survey, 22% of the respondents strongly agree that they have enough
space to work but 46% respondents simply agree that they have enough space to work and
32% of the respondents say that they have no idea about the overcrowding. No respondents
say that they are not having enough space to work.
TABLE 14 : Table showing the latrines and urinals are cleaned and maintained
properly
Sr. No.
Range
No. of Respondents
Strongly agree
14
23
51
Agree
36
60
Neutral
10
17
Disagree
Strongly disagree
60
100
Total
Interpretation : In the survey, 23% of the respondents strongly agree that the latrines and
urinals are cleaned and maintained properly but 60% respondents simply agree that the
latrines and urinals are cleaned and maintained properly and 17% of the respondents say that
they have no idea about the maintenance of latrines and urinals. No respondents say that the
latrines and urinals are not cleaned and maintained properly.
Range
No. of Respondents
52
Strongly agree
33
55
Agree
14
23
Neutral
13
22
Disagree
Strongly disagree
60
100
Total
Interpretation : In the survey, 55% of the respondents strongly agree that their environment
is safe to work but 23% respondents simply agree that their environment is safe to work and
22% of the respondents say that they have no idea about their environment is safe to work. No
respondents say that their environment is not safe to work.
53
TABLE 16 : Table showing the enough Training given to workers before handling the
Machines
Sr. No.
Range
No. of Respondents
Strongly agree
42
70
Agree
12
20
Neutral
06
10
Disagree
Strongly disagree
60
100
Total
Interpretation : In the survey, 70% of the respondents strongly agree that enough training is
given to the workers but 20% respondents simply agree that enough training is given to the
workers and 10% of the respondents say that they have no idea about enough the training
given to the workers. No respondents say that enough training is not given to the workers
before handling machines.
54
Range
No. of Respondents
Yearly
Half yearly
11
18
Quarterly
45
75
Monthly
04
Rarely
60
100
Total
Interpretation : In the survey, 18% of the respondents say that the company provides health
check-up half yearly and 75% of the respondents respond that the company provides health
check-up quarterly and 7% respondents says that the company provides health check-up
monthly. No respondents say that the health check-up was provided yearly or rarely.
55
Range
No. of Respondents
Always
Sometimes
21
35
Often
28
46
Rarely
07
12
Not at all
60
100
Total
Interpretation : In the survey, 7% respondents say that always they are maintaining the
machines properly and 35% of the respondents respond that sometimes they are maintaining
the machines properly and 46% respondents says often they are maintaining the machines
properly and 12% of the respondents says rarely they are maintaining the machines properly.
56
RANGE
NO. OF RESPONDENTS
PERCENTAGE %
Always
04
Sometimes
17
28
Often
29
48
Rarely
10
17
Not at all
60
100
Total
Interpretation : In the survey, 7% respondents say that always the accidents are happened
and 28% of the respondents respond that sometimes the accidents are happened and 48%
respondents says often the accidents are happened and 17% of the respondents says rarely the
accidents are happened.
57
Range
No. of Respondents
02
Finger injuries
22
37
Electric shocks
32
53
Fire accidents
04
60
100
Total
Interpretation : In the survey, 3% of the respondents ranked fallen from height are occurred
and 37% of the respondents ranked finger injuries are occurred but 53% of the respondents
ranked electric shocks are happened and 7% of the respondents ranked fire accidents are
happened.
TABLE 21 : Table showing the company providing safety requirements
Sr. No.
Range
No. of Respondents
YES
52
87
NO
08
13
58
Total
60
100
Interpretation : In the survey, 87% of the respondents say that the company is providing
safety requirements for work and 13% of the respondents only respond that the company is
not providing any safety requirements for work.
TABLE 22: Table showing the safety committee formed
Sr. No.
Range
No. of Respondents
YES
17
28
NO
43
72
60
100
Total
59
Interpretation : In the survey, 28% of the respondents respond that the safety committee is
formed in the company but 72% of the respondents say that the safety committee is not
formed in the company.
TABLE 23 : Table showing the safety inspections held in the company
Sr. No.
Range
No. of Respondents
Yearly
03
05
Monthly
48
80
Weekly
09
15
Daily
Rarely
60
100
Total
60
Interpretation : In the survey, 5% of the respondents say that the safety inspections are held
yearly once and 80% of the respondents respond that the safety inspections are held monthly
once and 15% respondents says that the safety inspections are held weekly once. No
respondents say that the safety inspections are held daily or rarely in the company.
TABLE 24 : Table showing the satisfactory level of workers towards health and safety
measures
Sr. No.
Range
No. of Respondents
Satisfied
52
87
Neutral
08
13
Dissatisfied
Highly dissatisfied
60
100
Total
61
Interpretation : In the survey, 87% of the respondents say that they are simply satisfied with
the health and safety measures adopted in the company and 13% of the respondents say that
they have no idea about the satisfaction level from health and safety measures. No
respondents are very much satisfied and dissatisfied with the health and safety measures
adopted in the company.
TABLE 25 : Table showing the role of management in implementing health and safety
Sr. No.
Range
No. of Respondents
Excellent
Best
11
18
Better
33
55
Good
16
27
Poor
60
100
Total
62
Interpretation : In the survey, 18% of the respondents say that the role of management in
implementing health and safety is best and 55% of the respondents say that the role of
management is better and 27% of the respondents respond that the role of management in
implementing health and safety is good. No respondents say that the role of management in
implementing health and safety is excellent or poor.
63
CHAPTER-6
FINDINGS,
SUGGESTIONS &
CONCLUSIONS
CHAPTER-6
FINDINGS, SUGGESTIONS & CONCLUSIONS
FINDINGS:
Only 20% of the respondents respond that they are not aware of the health and safety
measures and 80% of the respondents are aware of the health and safety measures.
64
60% of the respondents say that they have no effective arrangements for
communicating health and safety matters; only 40% agrees that they have effective
arrangements for communicating health and safety matters.
Majority of the respondents are told that company is providing medical facility to the
workers.
70% of the respondents respond that they attended the health and safety training
programme but 30% of the respondents says that they are not attended any health and
safety training programme conducted in the company.
Most of the respondents respond that sometimes they have proper drinking water and
some of the respondents says often they have proper drinking water and very few of
the respondents say that always they have proper drinking water.
77% of the respondents strongly agree that they are aware about the first aid activities
and contents of the first aid kit and 23% of the respondents simply agree that they are
aware about the first aid activities and contents of the first aid kit.
Majority of the respondents strongly agree that the company implements effective
disciplinary procedures and few of the respondents simply agree that the company
implements effective disciplinary procedures.
55% of the respondents strongly agree that their environment is safe to work and
23%% of the respondents simply agree that their environment is safe to work and 22%
of the respondents say that they have no idea about the safe working environment.
Majority of the respondents says often they are maintaining the machines properly and
some of the respondents respond that sometimes they are maintaining the machines
properly and only very few of the respondents says rarely they are maintaining the
machines properly.
48% of the respondents say often the accidents are happened and 17% of the
respondents say rarely the accidents are happened and 28% of the respondents respond
that sometimes the accidents are happened and only 7% of the respondents say that
always the accidents are happened.
87% of the respondents say that they are simply satisfied with the health and safety
measures and 13% of the respondents say that they have no idea about the satisfaction
level from health and safety measures.
55% of the respondents say that the role of management is better and 18% of the
respondents say that the role of management is best and 27% of the respondents
respond that the role of management in implementing health and safety is good.
RECOMMENDATIONS/ SUGGESTIONS :
The company has to create the awareness for the workers regarding health and safety.
65
They have to provide effective arrangements to the workers for communicating their
health and safety matters.
It is better to provide frequent health and safety training, at least once in a year.
The company has to provide enough drinking water facility available at all the time.
The management has to take necessary steps to reduce the stress level of the workers.
Orientation programmes can be conducted to make the workers to feel that their work
environment is safe to work.
Meditation practices can be given to avoid electric shocks, finger injuries etc. due to
lack of concentration.
Safety committee has to be formed to monitor the health and safety issues.
The company has to conduct the regular inspections to ensure higher level of safety in
the workplace.
Cordial relationship has to be maintained between the management and the workers to
implement the health and safety policies and measures in a smooth manner.
CONCLUSION :
It is revealed from the study that, the health and safety measures adopted in
Innovative Cuisine Pvt. Ltd. are provided to the workers according to the provisions of the
factories Act. It reveals that the awareness of the workers about health and safety in the
workplace is inadequate. Also repeated accidents like electric shocks, finger injuries are
66
occurred in the workplace. Suitable ideas were suggested to avoid those accidents and to
improve the health and safety measures. The role of management in implementing health and
safety in the organization is very effective. Most of the workers were satisfied with the health
and safety measures adopted in the company. If the company implements effective
disciplinary procedures; it will help the company to go with their policies and also to maintain
health and safety in the organization.
BIBLIOGRAPHY:
Emmanuel I. Akpan (2011); Effective Safety & Health Management Policy for
Improved Performance of Organization in Africa: International Journal of
Business & Management, Volume 6, No. 3, pp. 159-165.
Noor Aina Amrirah, Wan Izatul Asma, Shaladdin Muda & Aziz Amiri (2013);
Operationalisation of Safety culture to foster safety & health in the Malaysian
Manufacturing Industries: Asian Social Science, Volume 9, No. 7, pp. 283-289.
Collins Badu Agyemang, Joseph Gerald Nyanyofio & Gerald Dapaah Gyamfi
(2014) ; Job Stress, sector of work & shift work pattern as correlates of worker
health & safety : A study of Manufacturing company in Ghana : International
Journal of Business & Management, Volume 9, No. 7, pp. 59-69.
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QUESTIONNAIRE
QUESTIONNAIRE ON A STUDY OF HEALTH AND SAFETY
MEASURES : A STUDY OF SELECTED EMPLOYEES IN
INNOVATIVE CUISINE PRIVATE LIMITED
1) Name (Optional) :
2) Age :
70
(a) Below 25 (b) 26-30 (c) 31-35 (d) 36-40 (e) Above 40
3) Experience (in years):
(a) Below 5 (b) 6-10 (c) 11-15 (d) 16-20 (e) Above 20
4) Are you aware of the health and safety measures adopted in the company?
(a) Yes (b) No
5) Do you have effective arrangements for communicating health and safety matters?
(a) Yes (b) No
6) Does the company provide medical facility to the workers?
(a) Yes (b) No
7) Have you attended any health and safety training in your company?
(a) Yes (b) No
8) How frequent training is offered in the company?
(a) Once in 5 year (b) once in 3 year (c) yearly once (d) Monthly (e) Rarely
9) Do you have proper drinking water facility inside your work place?
(a) Always (b) Sometimes (c) Often (d) Rarely (e) Not at all
10) Do you have any stress towards work?
(a) Always (b) Sometimes (c) Often (d) Rarely (e) Not at all
Q.NO
11)
12)
13)
PARAMETERS
STRONGLY
AGREE
AGREE
NEUTRAL
DISAGREE
STRONGLY
DISAGREE
71
14)
15)
16)
17)
18) How often the company provide health checkup for workers?
(a) Yearly (b) Half yearly (c) Quarterly (d) Monthly (e) Rarely
19) Are the machines maintained properly?
(a) Always (b) Sometimes (c) Often (d) Rarely (e) Not at all
20) How often the accidents happen?
(a) Always (b) Sometimes (c) Often (d) Rarely (e) Not at all
21) Rank the accidents by their occurrence?
ACCIDENTS
RANKING
(a) Yearly (b) Monthly (c) Weekly (d) Daily (e) Rarely
25) Satisfactory level of the health and safety measures taken in the company?
(a) Very much satisfied (b) Satisfied (c) Neutral (d) Dissatisfied (e) Highly
dissatisfied
26) The role of management in implementing health and safety?
(a) Excellent (b) Best (c) Better (d) Good (e) poor
73