Structure II

Spring 2016
Pertemuan V: March 2016
Module 5: Inifinitives and Gerunds I
Module 6: Inifinitives and Gerunds II

Ismail Marzuki

Universitas Terbuka
Korea Selatan

MODUL 5 : INIFINITIVES AND GERUNDS

Inifinitives and Gerunds

Unit 1 Introduction to Infinitives and Gerunds

Unit 2 Gerunds as Objects of Prepositions
Unit 3 Gerunds as Objects of Verbs
Unit 4 Gerunds and Infinitives as Subjects

Unit 1 Passive Sentences

A . Infinitives

(to) + Verb 1
Tuti studies very hard to pass the final
exam. She wakes up very early in the morning
and goes to sleep after midnight everyday.
Sometimes she forgets to eat or to take a
shower.

Unit 1 Passive Sentences

B . Gerunds

Verb 1 + ing
1.
2.
3.
4.

Gerund sebagai subjek

Gerund sebagai objek kata kerja
Gerund sebagai objek preposisi
Gerund sebagai pelengkap

Unit 2 Gerunds as Objects of

Prepositions
from
without
about
from
in

+ verb ing

be given to
be used to
be accustomed to
+ verb ing
look forward to
object to
pleed innocent (guilty) to

Unit 2 Gerunds as Objects of

Prepositions
keep on
+ verb ing
put off
go on
be interested in

approve/disapprove of
be afraid of
be excited about
be good at
+ verb ing
care about
insist on
....

Fixed
preposition

Fixed
phrase

Unit 3 Gerunds as Objects of Verbs

Verbs can only be followed by gerund

Appreciate
Worth
Risk
Prevent
Forgive
Dread

Admit
Escape
Avoid
Recent
Complete
Consider

Do you mind ...?

Would you mind ...?

Enjoy
Practice
Finish
Prefer
Quit
Resist

Recall
Deny
Mind
Imagine
Keep
Postpone

Delay
Suggest

Unit 4 Gerunds and Infinitives as

Subjects

Waiting is boring.
To wait for him for hours is boring.
Writing is not that difficult.
To write a poem is not that difficult.

Unit 4 Gerunds and Infinitives as

Subjects

Its nice ...

Its worth ...
Its no use ...
Its not much good ...

for + object + infinitive

Unit 1 Verbs Followed by Infinitives

1. Kelompok 1 (Verb + Infinitve)
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
g.
h.
i.
j.

Afford to
Agree to
Appear to
Arrange to
Care to
Decided to
Deserve to
Demand to
Expect to
Endeavor to

k.
l.
m.
n.
o.
p.
q.
r.
s.
t.

Fail to
Hesitate to
Hope to
Learn to
Plan to
Pretend
Promise
Refuse
Seem
struggle

u.
v.
w.
x.

Swear
Threaten
Volunteer
Wait

Unit 1 Verbs Followed by Infinitives

2. Kelompok 2 [Verb + Pro(noun) + Infinitive
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
g.
h.
i.
j.

Allow
Cause
Challenge
Convince
Command
Dare
Encourage
Forbid
Force
Hire

k.
l.
m.
n.
o.
p.
q.
r.
s.
t.
u.

instruct
Invite
Oblige
Order
Permit
Persuade
Remind
Tach
Tell
Urge
warm

Unit 1 Verbs Followed by Infinitives

3. Kelompok 3
Kata-kata kerja yang dapat diikuti oleh infinitive dan
bisa juga diikuti oleh noun/pronoun, kemudian infinitive

a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.

Ask
Beg
Expect
Want
Wish
Promise

Unit 2 Verbs Followed by Either

Infinitives or Gerunds
Kata-kata erja yang memiliki pengertian berbeda ketika
diikuti oleh infinitives dan diikuti oleh gerunds:

begin* neglect
prefer** plan
continue start
dislike
dread
intend
love
hate

o cant bear
o cant stand
o cant help

Unit 3 Verbs That Have Different

Meanings When Followed Either by a
Gerund or an Infinitive

forget
like
remember
regret
try
need*
require*
stop

Unit 4 By and With Used to Show

How Something is Done
Penggunaan by apabila kita mengatakan apa yang
kita lakukan untuk memperoleh hasil yang kita
inginkan.
1. Dalam kalimat pasif, by digunakan sebagai
(penunjuk) pelaku.
2. By dapat digunakan untuk mengacu pada alat
transportasi.
3. Penggunaan by yang berkaitan dengan waktu.
Sementara penggunaan with untuk menyatakan
bagaimana seseorang mengerjakan sesuatu.

Unit 4 By and With Used to Show

How Something is Done

Harry Potter story is written by J.K. Rowling.

I like traveling by train.
You must arrive here by ten a.m.
They made a living by fishing and hunting.
Fire was kept all night by covering the coals
and wood with ashes.
The hair is cut with scissors.

Unit 5 Infinitives with Too and

Enough
A. Too
Noun/ Noun phrase + be/Verb + too + adjective/
noun + to infinitive

Noun/ Noun phrase + be/Verb + too + adjective/

noun + for + object + to infinitive

Unit 5 Infinitives with Too and

Enough
A. Too
He has too much book to read.
The task is too difficult for me to do.
She walks too fast for the others to follow.

Unit 5 Infinitives with Too and

Enough
B. Enough
Noun/ Noun phrase + be/Verb + Adjective/ Adverb
+ enough + for + object + to infinitive
His grades are good enough for him to pass the
exam.
The speed is not fast enough for the car to win the
race.