AN ISO 9001 COMPANY

GAMMON INDIA LIMITED

Builders to the nations

REVISION: 0

JUNE 2004

REINFORCEMENT STEEL - DOS AND DONTS

PREAMBLE
In reinforced/pre-stressed concrete structures, cost of reinforcement steel constitute a
sizable portion varying from 15% to 25% of contract value. Because of such a huge
share of contract value in terms of cost, there is a dire need to streamline and exercise
effective control on all activities related to reinforcement steel viz. planning, indenting,
ordering, procurement, inventory management, storage, utilization, measurements,
reconciliation etc.
With a view to improve efficiency in the management of reinforcement related
activities at site, the enclosed guidelines are prepared. These guidelines are presented in
the form of simple Dos and Donts. Some of the guidelines which are most important
are highlighted in colour.
The scope of these guidelines is restricted to reinforcement related activities performed
at site and excludes design related issues of reinforcement.

REINFORCEMENT STEEL - DOS AND DONTS

1) MANNING OF REINFORCEMENT ACTIVITIES
Nominate one Engineer (Sr.Engineer/Asst.Engineer) as overall In-charge for manning
Reinforcement related activities at site, who can be assisted by deputy(ies) as required
depending upon size of the project.

2) CONTRACT SPECIFICATIONS & CONDITIONS

Study contract documents thoroughly as regards technical specifications of reinforcement
and other relevant provisions like responsibility for preparation of Bar Bending schedule
(BBS) etc.
Study provisions regarding mode of measurements for payment in an item rate contract
and also composite BOQ item, if any, like R.C. crash barrier payable in m inclusive of
reinforcement steel.
Examine payability or otherwise for laps, chairs and spacers.
Arrange for latest codes referred to in the contract as regards technical specifications and
mode of measurements etc. and maintain the upto date versions of the same in site library
for study by all Engineers.
Critically study tender drawings.

3) PLANNING AND SCHEDULING

Based on BOQ (or estimated quantities in case of L.S. Contract), preliminary drawi ngs
and construction programme; draw category wise and diameter wise procurement
schedule (monthly/quarterly) for reinforcement steel together with corresponding
accessories like binding wire, cover blocks, splices etc.
If preliminary drawings not available, obtain diameterwise quantities of reinforcement
steel from designer.
Normally allow for inventory of 45 days for the purpose of planning.
While informing overall requirement to Corporate office, give only 90% of total
requirement (and not 100%) to take care of possible variations arising due to future
revisions of drawings or change in scope of work etc.

4) INFRASTRUCTURE
Locate reinforcement yard at suitable location keeping logistics in view and in such a way
that main site thoroughfare does not run through the yard.
Provide one centralized reinforcement yard except when project is spread over a long
stretch.
Provide separate yards for raw steel, for cut and bent steel and for scrap steel.
Fence all yards suitably restricting truck/trailor entry/exit at one point with lockable gate
and a security guard.
Yards should be spacious and well laid and well organized duly considering proper
maneuverability of trucks/trailors.
Provide suitable internal roads so that trucks/ trailors reach farthest unloading point in
yard.
Plan location of cuttings/bending machine or bench of manual bending parallel to
reinforcement stack to avoid infructuous rotation of long reinforcement bars in horizontal
plane.
Maintain register for Entry and Exit of vehicles duly noting registration number of
vehicles and time of Entry and Exit.
Within the fenced yard, install electronic weigh bridge of adequate capacity and length
which should be in a position to generate untemperable computer outputs with in-built
clock.

5) ORDERING REINFORCEMENT STEEL

Apart from giving overall phasewise requirement, submit indents for quarterly
requirements to Corporate office at least 30 days in advance giving specifications, grade
of reinforcement steel etc.
Specify required supply length for each diameter in Purchase Order rather than
accepting random lengths.
Specify preference to nearly zero rolling margin.
Prefer to receive reinforcement in straight length rather than with U bends.
Encourage transportation by high capacity long length trailors.
Insist for manufacturers Test certificate with each lot.
In case smaller diameter bars are continuously receive d in coils, provide decoiling
machine at site
Specify maximum coil weight from view point of ease in unloading with available means.
Avoid excessive inventories of reinforcement steel.

 In coastal and corrosive environment, bring reinforcement on Just-in-time basis to avoid

excessive oxidation loss arising from long term storage at site or apply coat of cement
wash, if long term storage is inevitable.
Exercise strict diameter wise control on indenting and ordering of reinforcement.
Study copy of Purchase Order issued by Corporate office, communicate to corporate
office, if any amendment needed and give delivery schedule to supplier, if not specified in
order.
During last phase of project towards completion stage, take extra care in indenting and
ordering reinforcement to avoid surplus quantities.
Order ready made cut and bent steel wherever such facilities available like in metropolitan
cities.

6) RECEIVING REINFORCEMENT STEEL

Notify receiving time slot of working hours for reinforcement as between sunrise and
sunset and strictly adhere to the same.
Visually carefully inspect reinforcement for excessive corrosion, scaling, pitting etc.
before acceptance.
Check type and grade of reinforcement steel.
Accept reinforcement steel only after weighing and dont acknowledge weight shown in
delivery challan without physically verifying weight on a weigh bridge.
In case where weigh bridge is not installed, weigh at nearest Dharam Kanta by sending a
representative on receiving telephonic call from driver rather than redirecting the truck
from site for weighing.
After weighing do not leave truck unescorted.
Weigh not only loaded truck/trailer but also verify tare weight.
Guard against intentional manipulation between two weighments in loaded and unloaded
conditions.
File weigh bridge slips in a separate file.
Insist that apart from weight, number of bars are also mentioned in delivery challan and
verify the same by counting as an additional check.
Take random samples and establish actual unit weights.
Keep records of rolling margin supplier wise and diameter wise for each lot.
Send supplier wise and diameter wise details of Rolling margin to Corporate office
monthly, both for the month and on cumulative basis.
Retain samples for verification by supplier till acceptance of Rolling margin values by
them

 In case reinforcement is issued by clients, take observations jointly and submit the joint
records of rolling margin to the clients every month.
Stock reinforcement steel separately diameter wise off the ground on suitable elevated
unyielding pedestals (at least 150 mm above ground level).
Plan storage of reinforcement keeping in view retrieval sequence and also in such a way
that various sizes and lengths can be quickly and easily identified.
Put tags of diameter, weight, batch no. etc.
Unload reinforcement preferably by mechanical means like small gantry.
Dont tip tipper to unload reinforcement.
Dont handle reinforcement roughly, dont drop from a height and dont subject it to shock
or impact and avoid accidental damage or notches causing decrease in section.

7) STORAGE
Provide a loose protective cover like PVC sheets over the reinforcement all around
including sides (Refer Appendix K).
Ensure good air circulation around the steel
Provide security on 24 x 7 basis.
Periodically (but at random) have surprise pre-dawn checks made to ascertain alertness of
security guards and levy penalty on found sleeping while on duty.
Issue steel on FIRST-IN-FIRST-OUT basis to minimize oxidation loss.
Keep record of all the steel issued from storage yard and shifted to cutting and bending
yard.
In case of unlikely event of theft, lodge FIR immediately and register claim with Insurance
Company.

8) CEMENT POLYMER COMPOSITE COATING TREATMENT

Avoid sand blasting, if reinforcement lot is fresh.
As far as possible treat reinforcement after cutting operation to avoid infructuous
treatment on scrap component.
Measure thickness of coating with alchometer regularly.
Handle treated reinforcement with care to avoid damage to treatment.
Touch up damage to treated reinforcement, if any, before concreting.

9) FUSION BONDED EPOXY COATED REINFORCEMENT

If possible from logistic point of view, coat reinforcement after cutting to avoid
infructuous coating on scrap component.
Handle coated reinforcement with care to avoid damage to coating.
Check for holidays and damage to reinforcement and touch-up the same before concreting.
Touch up cut ends of coated bars.
While mechanical lifting use nylon or padded slings.

10) CONSUMPTION FOR PERMANENT WORKS

Critically study latest version of approved construction drawings and check for errors and
inconsistencies.
Examine fixability of reinforcement and its effect on construction sequence and consult
designer, if fixability is poor.
Prepare Bar Bending Schedule (BBS) preferably in A4 size sheets, if not provided in
drawings and obtain consultants approval.
Ensure BBS is simple, self-explanatory and easy to read even for fitters.
Use computer for preparing BBS

Plan intelligent cutting from full length bars by preparing cutting schedule rather than
leaving to PRW labours.
For 90 degree bends, work out bend effect at 3D for diameters upto and including 25mm
and 4D for diameter above 25 mm and accordingly reduce cut length. (Refer IS: 2502
1963 and Appendix E).
Cut bars to exact length preferably with negative tolerance (within permissible limits) but
never with positive tolerance.

Answer queries of fitters and resolve problems, if required by consulting designer.

Check the bent shapes for dimensional accuracy including bend radii against a full scale
template.
Make available specimen bars in required cut lengths and shapes duly cut and bent in
presence of an Engineer/Foreman and use same subsequently for comparison with
production.
Dont rebend, reshape or straighten reinforcement.
If bending and rebending unavoidable, ensure bending radius not less than 4 D for M.S.
Bars and 6 D for deformed bars.
If some bars are temporarily diverted or bent for construction requirements, ensure these
are properly brought back to its original position.
Use tractor trailer or hand cart etc. for internal shiftings of reinforcement steel depending
upon lead involve d.
Handle bundles of bars, if required using mechanical aids rather than handling one bar at a
time individually.
Avoid manual shifting. If unavoidable use, unskilled labour (and not fitters) for shifting.
Unload cut and bent steel as near to final location as possible.

 Stagger laps but dont follow stringent instructions of liberal staggering and avoid
excessive laps on this count.
Insist for open stirrups and links in case of complex structural members for ease in
adjustments of cages.

As a rule, provide minimum number of laps - more so, if nonpayable e.g. prepare cage of
pile reinforcement preferably with one full ength bar or at the most with one overlap
depending upon depth of pile.
Wherever possible, use pre -fabricated reinforcement cages which will benefit in reducing
cycle time.

Ensure pre-fabricated cage is sturdy enough to stand-up to handling and erection.

Pre-fabricated cage should be liftable by available equipment at site or alternatively make
available suitable equipment to handle pre-fabricated cage.
Provide adequate (but not excessive) internal bracings in cage to avoid deformation of
cage.
Use spreader beam for lifting reinforcement cage to provide multipoint lifting and avoid
deformation of cage.
Never lift reinforcement on bundle ties, even if only for a few moments to allow proper
slings to be fitted. Instead excavate underneath or transfer bars to sleepers for introducing
slings.

Encourage use of suitable powered cutting and bending machine rather than manual
operation. (Refer Appendix G).

Provide training to cutting and bending machine operators to improve their skill necessary
to produce cut and bent products of consistent quality within the permissible deviations
with desired productivity.
Also use portable cutting tool for cutting reinforcement steel.
Dont cut reinforcement by gas/flame.
Dont tack weld crossing reinforcement steel but tie securely with binding wires in such a
manner that bars will not slip over each other at the time of fixing and concreting.
Cut and bend bars in multiple numbers simultaneously rather than single bar at a time.
(Refer Appendix -H).

Provide good quality accurate calibrated steel measurement tapes to all Engineers/
Supervisor/Fitters.
If tape is damaged, replace rather than using undamaged portion beyond certain length.
Control spacing of chairs and avoid excessive chairs. If required, arrive at optimum
spacing of chairs by trials.
Do not use diameter higher than 20 mm for chairs.

Use cut pieces for chairs and dont use full length bars.

Avoid substitution of bars as far as possible. If unavoidable, avoid over consumption on

this count.
In case reinforcement supplied by clients, bill excess consumption to clients on account of
substitution of bars.
Use mechanical splices for higher diameter, if economical.
Prefer mechanical splices in congested location not withstanding higher cost.

 Place reinforcement in such a way that concrete placement can be done without
segregation and compaction by immersion vibrator is facilitated.
Within concrete mass, avoid metal contacts of different types to ensure bimetal corrosion
does not take place.
Check spacings, number of bars, location etc. before concreting.
Ensure good, accurate fixing with specified cover which is a prerequisite for strength,
durability, structural integrity and robustness of completed reinforced structure.
Determine the best fixing sequence to ensure ease and accuracy within existing and future
constrains e.g. form work, starter bars, void former etc.
Ensure sensible location of construction joint in case of staged construction duly
consulting designer, if required.
Intermittently inspect (and have inspected by consultants) reinforcement fixing while in
progress to avoid time consuming and expensive removal and refixing.
Ensure bars are free to act along with concrete in the direction in which they are provided
without any lateral restraint.
Avoid excessive time lags between successive concrete pours to prevent deterioration of
projected exposed reinforcement.
Record deviations with respect to drawings systematically to facilitate and ease
preparation of As Built drawings.

11) ANCILLARY CONSUMPTION

Examine alternatives other than reinforcement steel for ancillary works.
Do not consume reinforcement for ancillary work unless method statement is prepared and
approved by Project Manager/Corporate office.
As a first step, search for cut pieces for ancillary works and resort to full length bars only
if cut pieces are not available.
Record all consumptions of ancillary work systematically for all heads.
Retrieve partially or fully ancillary reinforcement after its purpose is served.

12) COVER TO REINFORCEMENT

Prefer light weight, non-porous and chemically inert PVC cover blocks/spacers (Refer
Appendix I).
Use cover blocks of same size as nominal cover.
Use only one single cover block to provide necessary cover for reinforcement at any
section e.g. provide 75 mm cover by one single cover block of 75 mm and not two
numbers of 37 mm.
Dont use stones, brick bats, timber etc. as cover block.
Check cover before concreting.

 Avoid excessive covers e.g. in beams which will reduce effective depth.

13) BINDING WIRE

Dont use binding wire thicker than 18 gauge.
Use black annealed M.S. binding wire conforming to IS:280-1962 unless specifications
warrant GI or other type.
When three bars are to be tied together, first tie two bars followed by third bar.
When four bars are to be tied, tie two pairs first.
Dont provide excessive lengths of binding wire and dont use miltip;e binding wires.
(Refer Appendix J)
Bend twisted ends of ties inwards away from concrete faces to avoid encroaching cover
zone. (Refer Appendix J)
Purchase binding wire also in bulk.
Check and monitor consumption of binding wire per tonne of reinforcement.

14) BUTT WELDING OF CUT PIECES

Butt weld cut pieces of reinforcement steel beyond economical break even length by
cutting V grove and welding by qualified welder, especially for diameters 20
mm and above. (Refer Appendix - F).
Test welded joint to make sure that joint is stronger than parent bar, irrespective whether
such testing is insisted by clients or not.
Use Butt weld bars not more than 20% in a given cross section.

15) BILLING TO CLIENTS

Develop fool proof system for timely billing of all the billable steel without missing out
any items.
Jointly record measurements of reinforcement both payable and non-payable on day-today basis.
Reconcile clients billing with PRW billing on quarterly basis.

16) RECONCILATION OF REINFORCEMENT STEEL

Reconcile reinforcement steel quarterly the scope of reconciliation should include
consolidating and verifying all receipts, checking theoretical/billable consumption,
checking non-billable and ancillary consumption, verifying actual stocks and scrap by
weighing, analysing the unaccountable steel and taking mid-course corrective measures
etc.

 Plan reconciliation preferably just after disposal of scrap and when inventory of raw steel
is minimum.
Measure / weigh stock of reinforcement steel systematically duly recording
measurements/weights in a separate dedicated measurement book rather than loose
papers.
Measure projected reinforcement steel accurately rather than approximately averaging.
Weigh scrap at the time of reconciliation .

17) SCRAP MANAGEMENT

Minimize scrap generation in the first place by ordering specific lengths, planning
intelligent cuttings of reinforcement bars and trying optimum permutations and
combinations etc.
Store scrap diameter wise in different stacks lengthwise. (in 0.5 m interval).
Guard scrap against theft.
Periodically dispose off scrap (excluding those which could possibly be used in future) in
consultation with Corporate Finance.

18) FEEDBACK
Document experience for the benefit of others.
Provide quantitative and objective feedback to Corporate office/Tendering Department.
Learn from the past experiences and aim for continual improvement.

19) APPENDICES
Appendix A - Checklist for initial scrutiny of Drawings and Bar Bending
Schedules
Appendix B - Pre-fixing Checklist
Appendix C - Pre-concreting Checklist.
Appendix D - Steel Storage and Scrap yards
Appendix E - Cutting and Bending Tolerances and Bending Effect
Appendix F - Butt welding of Reinforcement Bars.
Appendix G - Power Bending Machine and Tools
Appendix H - Cutting and Bending of Multiple Reinforcement Bars
Appendix I - Common types of spacers
Appendix J - Common Ties and Bad practices of Tying Reinforcement Bars
Appendix K - Good & Bad practices in Transportation and Storage of
Reinforcement Steel.

20) BIBILOGRAPHY
1. Steel Reinforcement Special Publication 118, Construction Industry Research
& Information Association.
2. BS 8666:2000 Specification for Scheduling, Dimensioning, Bending and Cutting of Steel
Reinforcement for Concrete.
3. IS:456-2000 Plain and Reinforced Concrete Code of practice.
4. IS:2502-1963 (Reaffirmed 1990) Code of practice for Bending and Fixing of Bars for
Concrete Reinforcement.
5. SP:34 (S&T) 198 - Handbook on Concrete, Reinforcement and detailing.
6. IS 4082-1996 Stacking and Storage of Construction Materials and Components at Site
Recommendations - (Second Revision).
7. Mr. S.A. Reddi and Mr.S. Bhuvanesh - Reinforcement Quality Assurance
and Certification and Validation aspects published in The Indian Concrete
Journal, January, 2004
8. Dr. N.V. Nayak - Reinforcement steel some guidelines.

Appendix A

Checklist for initial scrutiny of Drawing and Bar Bending Schedules

Can the reinforcement as detailed be fixed ? (if not, consult

designer/detailer)

Does the detailing permit sensible location of construction

joints and staged construction ?

Is the reinforcement congested? What will happen at lapped

cross section? Will this affect fixing or proper compaction of
concrete?

Would alternative detailing (e.g. staggered laps, bars

reversed, two lapped bars replacing a single bar) provide
greater flexibility or ease of fixing? (Consult the designer/
detailer before making changes).

Is there scope for prefabrication? Is this desirable?

What is the (best) fixing sequence?

Is the reinforcement detailed to provide sufficient rigidity and

stability of cages during fixing?

Are set-up bars, bracing bars, chairs, spacers etc. required?

Are bars of a weight that can readily be handled?

Do schedules agree with drawings e.g. numbers, types, sizes of bars?

Does numbers of bars allow for two faces and not just one?

Are scheduled bending dimensions compatible with member

dimensions and specified concrete cover?

Does reinforcement in one member clash with that in an

adjacent member?

Are starter bars detailed (and scheduled) with the concrete element in
which they are first cast?

Starter bars are frequently the last to be fixed to ensure positional

accuracy. Does the detailing permit this?

If closed links (or similar) are detailed, do they cause problems by

requiring threading through of main bars during fixing?

Appendix B

Pre-fixing Check-list

Ensure that the steel fitter possesses the latest revision

of Drawings and Bar Bending Schedules.

Determine the best fixing sequence to ensure ease and

accuracy, within existing and future constraints (e.g
formwork, starter bars, void formers)

Ensure that reinforcement has not been damaged or

misshapen and that it is free from surface contaminants
like oil, mud etc.

Check that the correct type and gauge of tying wire is

available as well as spacers of correct size and in
sufficient quantity.

Check the availability of all required void formers,

cast-in items, fixings etc.

Ensure all starter bars from previously constructed

sections are correctly located and of the correct
number, type and size.(Discrepancies should be
referred back to the designer).

Handle reinforcement carefully without dropping

from height and without subjecting to shock or impact
and avoid accidental damage or notches causing decrease
in section.

Bear in mind that all types of reinforcement can be

irrepairably damaged by poor handling, site bending,
rebending, heating, welding etc.

Appendix C

Pre-concreting Checklist

Check inherent rigidity of the cage or mat.

Ensure correct numbers of bars have been fixed

Ensure adequate provision of continuity reinforcement

or connection to previous starter bars.

Ensure that any bars temporarily respositioned have

been returned to their correct position

Check that all laps are of the correct length and lie in
the correct plane.

Ensure that starter bars, starter boxes, void formers,

fixings etc. are all present and in correct locations.

Ensure correct use of cover blocks, reinforcement spacers

etc. to prevent cage movements during concreting.

Check for damaged reinforcement (particularly coated

bars); repair or replace as necessary.

Check cover to reinforcement is correct at all locations

Check that the cage is in the correct position (either line

and level or relative to previously checked formwork)

Ensure that all twisted ends of binding wire ties are bent
inwards away from concrete faces to avoid encroaching
cover zone.

Ensure adeqate access for concrete compaction

Ensure overall cleanliness of reinforcement

Ensure overall cleanliness of form work (removal of

water, tie, clippings etc.) and application of quality shuttering
oil before commencing placing of reinforcement.

Appendix-D

4 m

4 m

20 mm

18 mm

13 m

10 mm

08 mm

4 m
12 mm

13 m

4 m
16 mm

4 m

32 mm

4 m

28 mm

25 mm

Steel Storage and Scrap Yards

Barbed
Wire
Fencing

13 m

Gate With Lock

Aerial view of a well planned storage area

Steel Storage Yard - Layout

Steel 16mm dia

Steel 18mm dia

Steel 20mm dia

0.5 1.0m

1.0 1.5m

1.5 2.0m

2.5 3.0m
3 2 m m
2 8 m m

1.75 m
Fence

4m

2 5 m m

4 m

2 0 m m
0.15 0.3 m

1 8 m m
1 6 m m
1 2 m m
1 0 m m

Section-XX of Steel Storage Yard (Not to Scale)

Gate With Lock

Scrap
Yard

0 8 m m

Appendix-E
Cutting and Bending Tolerances and Bending Effect
Permissible Bending And Cutting Tolerances
DIMENSION
TOLERANCE
Over

For Bent Bars

For Straight Bars

Plus

Minus

cm

Up to and
including
cm

mm

mm

75
150

75
150
250

3
5
6

5
10
15

7
25

25
25

250
All Lengths

Note : Tolerances on +ve side are less than ve sides. Min & Max.
Tolerances for (-) side are 5mm & 25mm respectively.

R
(Radius of bend)
d Dia of bars

E
Straight Length L req = A + E R d
Where,
L req
= Required Straight Length to achieve
dimensions A &E as shown in Fig. 16
d
= Diameter of the rod
R
= Radius of bend
= For high yield strength bars (ie., TMT & CTD bars of grade
415 & higher)
Recommended R Values are;
R = 4d for d < 2 5 m m
R = 6d for d > 25mm
And for Mild Steel of grade Fe250 Recommended R Values are
R = 3d for d < 2 5 m m
R = 4d for d > 25mm
Thus for high yield strength bars 900 bend advantages are
R =3d for d < 25mm
R =4d for d > 25mm

Appendix F

Butt Welding of Reinforcement Bars

I) AN EXTRACT OF SP: 34 (S&T) - 1987 CLAUSE 4.4.3
A:

IF ALL BARS USED IN A STRUCTURAL MEMBER ARE WELDED BARS

Where the strength of a welded splice or mechanical connection has been proved by test to be at least as
great as that of the parent bar, the design strength of such connections shall be taken as equal to 80% of
the design strength of the bar in tension splice and 100% of the strength for compression splice.

B:

IF USE OF WELDED BARS RESTRICTED TO 20% OF TOTAL

AREA & STAGGERED
However, 100% of the design strength may be assumed in tension when the spliced area forms not more
than 20% of the total area of steel at the section and the splices are staggered at least 600mm center to
center.

II)

AN EXTRACT OF CLAUSE 26.2.5.2 OF IS 456:2000

26.2.5.2 STRENGTH OF WELDS

The following values may be used where the strength of the weld has been proved by tests to be at least as great
as that of the parent bar.
a) Splices in Compression
For welded splices and mechanical connection, 100% of the design strength of joined bars.
b) Splices in Tension
1. 80% of the design strength of welded bars (100% if welding is strictly supervised and
if at any cross-section of the member not more than 20% of the tensile
reinforcement is welded).
2. 100% of design strength of mechanical connection.
III) TRADE OFF BETWEEN COST OF BUTT WELDING AND RETRIEVAL BENEFITS
If cost of Butt Welding is say Rs.90/- per Weld for 28 dia & Rs.80/- per Weld for 25 dia, taking cost of
Steel @ Rs.23/- per kg. and that of Scrap @ Rs.15/- per kg., following picture emerges for these two
diameters for different lengths:
Diameter Length of Weight of Net Cost of Cut Cost of
Economical
Cut Piece Cut Piece Piece Retrieved Welding
Viability
28mm
3m
14.5 Kg
Rs.116
Rs.90
Viable
28mm
2.75m
13.3 Kg
Rs.106
Rs.90
Viable
28mm
2.25m
10.9 Kg
Rs. 87
Rs.90
Not Viable
28mm
2.00m
9.7 Kg
Rs. 77
Rs.90
Not Viable
25mm
3m
11.5 Kg
Rs. 92
Rs.80
Viable
25mm
2.75m
10.6 Kg
Rs. 85
Rs.80
Viable
25mm
2.25m
8.9 Kg
Rs. 71
Rs.80
Not Viable

Appendix-G

Power Bending Machine and Tools

Power Bender (Bench)

Power Bender

Power Bender
Disc cutter

Rebar cutter

Appendix-H

Cutting and Bending of Multiple Reinforcement Bars

Cutting of Bars
8mm dia10Nos

Bending of Bars
8mm dia 08Nos

Cutting of Bars
12mm dia 06Nos

Bending of Bars
12mm dia 05Nos

Dia. (mm)
8
10
12
16
20
25
28
32

Cutting of Bars
10mm dia 8Nos

Cutting of Bars
16mm dia 04Nos

Bending of Bars
10mm dia 07Nos

Bending of Bars
16mm dia 04Nos

Multiple Nos. while

Cutting
Bending
10
08
08
07
06
05
04
04
03
03
02
02
02
02
01
01

Cutting of Bars
20mm dia 03Nos

Bending of Bars
20mm dia03Nos

Cutting of Bars
25mm dia 02Nos

Cutting of Bars
28mm dia02Nos

Bending of Bars
28mm dia 02Nos

Cutting of Bars
32mm dia 01Nos

BENDING MACHINE ICARE P36

CUTTING MACHINE ICARE C42

Bending of Bars
25mm dia 02Nos

Bending of Bars
32mm dia 01Nos

Appendix-I

Common Types of Spacers

Appendix-J

Common Ties and Bad Practices of tying

Reinforcement Bars

Six common ties

a)Extra length of
binding wire used

b) Multiple excessive
binding wires used

c)Extra length of
binding wire
encroaching cover zone

Bad practices of tying Reinforcement

Appendix-K

Good and bad Practices in Transportation and

Storage of Reinforcement steel

Bad practice of Transportation of Reinforcement

Bad practice of storage of Reinforcement

Bad practice of storage of Reinforcement

Good practice of storage of Reinforcement

Bad practice of Transportation of Reinforcement

Bad practice of storage of Reinforcement

Bad practice of storage of Reinforcement

Very Good practice of storage of Reinforcement.

Plastic cover to reinforcement provided, should
also cover side portions.

NOTES