Professional Documents
Culture Documents
963
Physalis peruviana (PP) is a widely used medicinal herb for treating cancer, malaria, asthma, hepatitis, dermatitis and rheumatism. In this study, the hot water extract (HWEPP) and extracts prepared from different concentrations of ethanol (20, 40, 60, 80 and 95% EtOH) from the whole plant were evaluated for antioxidant activities. Results displayed that at 100 m g/ml, the extract prepared from 95% EtOH exhibited the most potent inhibition rate (82.3%) on FeCl2ascorbic acid induced lipid peroxidation in rat liver homogenate. At concentrations
10100 m g/ml, this extract also demonstrated the strongest superoxide anion scavenging and inhibitory effect on
xanthine oxidase activities. In general, the ethanol extracts revealed a stronger antioxidant activity than a -tocopherol and HWEPP. Compared to a -tocopherol, the IC50 value of 95% EtOH PP extract was lower in thiobarbituric acid test (IC5023.74 m g/ml vs. 26.71 m g/ml), in cytochrome c test (IC5010.40 m g/ml vs. 13.39 m g/ml) and in
xanthine oxidase inhibition test (IC508.97 m g/ml vs. 20.68 m g/ml). The present study concludes that ethanol extracts of PP possess good antioxidant activities, and the highest antioxidant properties were obtained from the
95% EtOH PP.
Key words
e-mail: aalin@ms24.hinet.net
964
RESULTS
Anti-Lipid Peroxidation Activity The inhibitory effect
of extracts on FeCl2ascorbic acid induced malondialdehyde
(MDA) production in rat liver homogenate is shown in Table
1. Results showed that the inhibition of MDA formation increases with increasing concentrations of PP extracts and a tocopherol. At concentrations 10100 m g/ml, all extracts
displayed an anti-lipid peroxidation activity, with an inhibition rate varies from 2.0 to 82.3%. At concentration
100 m g/ml, the formation of MDA was inhibited by 82.3%
for 95EtOH-PP and 25.0% for HWEPP.
In the thiobarbituric acid test, the IC50 values of 80EtOHPP and 95EtOH-PP were 23.11 and 23.74 m g/ml, respectively, which were lower than a -tocopherol (26.71 m g/ml)
(Table 2). The potency of anti-lipid peroxidation activity was
in the order of 80EtOH-PP95EtOH-PPa -tocopherol
40EtOH-PP, 60ETOH-PP20EtOH-PPHWEPP. Based on
the IC50 values, 80EtOH-PP and 95EtOH-PP demonstrated
the best inhibitory effect against lipid peroxidation.
Free Radical Scavenging Activity The results on the effect of different concentrations of PP extracts on superoxide
anions are shown in Table 3. The scavenging effect was
found to increase with increasing concentration of PP extracts. At concentrations 10100 m g/ml, they were shown to
possess a scavenging activity ranging from 0.0 to 100.0%.
The 95EtOH-PP exhibited a scavenging effect of 49.2% at
10 m g/ml, 99.3% at 50 m g/ml, and 100.0% at 100 m g/ml,
which were more active than a -tocopherol at the same concentrations.
Table 1. Inhibitory Effect of Hot Water Extract (HWEPP) and Extracts of
Different Ethanol Concentrations (20, 40, 60, 80 and 95% EtOH) Prepared
from P. peruviana (PP) on FeCl2Ascorbic Acid Induced MDA Production
in Rat Liver Homogenate
Concentration
(m g/ml)
MDAa)
(nM/mg protein)
Inhibition rateb)
(%)
FeCl2-AA
Control
50.01.5
20.00.8
HWEPP
20EtOH-PP
40EtOH-PP
60EtOH-PP
80EtOH-PP
95EtOH-PP
a -Tocopherol
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
49.01.0
42.60.9
36.22.3
38.01.5
35.51.0
37.03.0
38.50.5
2.0g
24.7f
46.0b
40.0d
48.3a
43.3c
38.3e
HWEPP
20EtOH-PP
40EtOH-PP
60EtOH-PP
80EtOH-PP
95EtOH-PP
a -Tocopherol
50
50
50
50
50
50
50
45.01.0
38.00.7
35.01.2
35.02.5
33.81.3
31.21.0
30.00.1
16.7f
40.0e
50.0d
50.0d
54.0c
62.7b
66.7a
HWEPP
20EtOH-PP
40EtOH-PP
60EtOH-PP
80EtOH-PP
95EtOH-PP
a -Tocopherol
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
42.50.9
36.01.5
34.00.5
33.62.0
27.51.8
25.30.7
21.20.9
25.0f
46.7e
53.3d
54.7d
75.0c
82.3b
96.0a
Samples
a) MDA data were presented as meansS.D. (n5). b) The inhibitory rates within
the column of same concentration with the different superscript letters were significantly different at p0.05 as analyzed by Duncans multiple range tests.
June 2005
965
HWEPP
20EtOH-PP
40EtOH-PP
60EtOH-PP
80EtOH-PP
95EtOH-PP
a -Tocopherol
Thiobarbituric
acid test
100
100
55.85
52.52
27.34
10.40
13.39
100
63.93
30.02
37.79
26.00
8.97
20.68
Scavenging rate
(%)a)
HWEPP
20EtOH-PP
40EtOH-PP
60EtOH-PP
80EtOH-PP
95EtOH-PP
a -Tocopherol
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
0.00.0f
0.00.0f
8.30.2e
20.10.5d
38.00.9c
49.20.1a
47.20.3b
HWEPP
20EtOH-PP
40EtOH-PP
60EtOH-PP
80EtOH-PP
95EtOH-PP
a -Tocopherol
50
50
50
50
50
50
50
23.80.6g
30.21.0f
43.60.1e
48.01.9d
65.71.2c
99.30.1a
80.20.6b
HWEPP
20EtOH-PP
40EtOH-PP
60EtOH-PP
80EtOH-PP
95EtOH-PP
a -Tocopherol
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
49.00.5e
48.70.8e
98.31.0b
87.72.5d
95.73.1c
100.00.1a
100.00.0a
Samples
Concentration
(mg/ml)
Scavenging rate
(%)a)
HWEPP
20EtOH-PP
40EtOH-PP
60EtOH-PP
80EtOH-PP
95EtOH-PP
a -Tocopherol
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
6.50.5f
20.00.0e
31.12.0d
20.10.5e
38.00.9c
59.10.8a
40.60.2b
HWEPP
20EtOH-PP
40EtOH-PP
60EtOH-PP
80EtOH-PP
95EtOH-PP
a -Tocopherol
50
50
50
50
50
50
50
40.00.8e
40.01.5e
68.92.0c
63.11.0d
68.02.5c
100.00.0a
75.90.6b
HWEPP
20EtOH-PP
40EtOH-PP
60EtOH-PP
80EtOH-PP
95EtOH-PP
a -Tocopherol
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
46.01.0e
75.92.9d
78.01.5c
77.40.8c
90.72.0b
100.00.0a
100.00.0a
Samples
100
100
50.00
50.00
23.11
23.74
26.71
966
REFERENCES
1) Bulkley G. B., Surgery, 94, 407411 (1983).
2) Dormandy T. L., Lancet, 11, 10101014 (1983).
3) Cheng H. Y., Lin T. C., Yu K. H., Yang C. M., Lin C. C., Biol. Pharm.
Bull., 26, 13311335 (2003).
4) Compori M., Lab. Invest., 53, 599620 (1985).
5) Halliwell B., Nutr. Rev., 55, S44S52 (1997).
6) Halliwell B., Nutr. Rev., 1, 253265 (1994).
7) Bartold P. M., Wiebkin O. W., Thonard J. C., J. Periodontol. Res., 19,
390400 (1984).
8) Varani J., Fligiel S. E. G.., Till G. O., Kunkel R. G.., Ryan V. S., Ward
P. A., Lab. Inves., 53, 656663 (1985).
9) Burton G. W., Proc. Nutr. Soc., 53, 251262 (1994).
10) Buettner G. R., Arch. Biochem. Biophys., 300, 535543 (1993).
11) Lee S. E., Shin H. T., Hwang H. J., Kim J. H., Phytother. Res., 17,
10411047 (2003).
12) Polidori M. C., Stahl W., Eichler O., Niestroj I., Sies H., Free Radic.
Biol. Med., 30, 456462 (2001).
13) Ho K. Y., Huang J. S., Tsai C. C., Lin T. C., Hsu Y. F., Lin C. C., J.
Pharm. Pharmacol., 51, 10751078 (1999).
14) Gohil K., Moy R. K., Farzin S., Maguire J. J., Packer L., Free Radic.
Res., 33, 831849 (2000).
15) Psotova J., Kolar M., Sousek J., Svagera Z., Vicar J., Ulrichova J., Phytother. Res., 17, 10821087 (2003).
16) Lin C. C., Cheng H. Y., Yang C. M., Lin T. C., J. Biomed. Sci., 9,
656664 (2002).
17) Lin C. C., Wu S. J., Chang C. H., Ng L. T., Phytother. Res., 17, 726
730 (2003).
18) Pietro R. C., Kashima S., Sato D. N., Januario A. H., Franca S. C.,
Phytomedicine, 7, 335338 (2000).
19) Soares M. B. P., Bellintani M. C., Ribeiro I. M., Tomassini T. C. B.,
Santos R. R., Eur. J. Pharmacol., 459, 107112 (2003).
20) Perry L. M., Medicinal Plants of East and Southeast Asia, The MIT
Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 1980, p. 393.
21) Masaol H. M., Yang X. W., Miyashiro H., Namba T., Phytother. Res.,
7, 395401 (1993).
22) Lowry O. H., Rosebrough N. J., Farr A. L., Randall R. J., J. Biol.
Chem., 193, 265275 (1951).
23) Kimura K., Kubo M., Tani T., Arich S., Okuda H., Chem. Pharm.
Bull., 29, 26102617 (1981).
24) Wong S. H., Knight J. A., Hopfer S. M., Zaharia O., Leach C. N., Sunderman F. W., Clin. Chem., 33, 214220 (1987).
25) McCord J. M., Fridovich I., J. Biol. Chem., 244, 60496055 (1969).
26) Chang W. S., Chang Y. H., Lu F. J., Chiang H. C., Anticancer Res., 14,
501506 (1994).
27) Slater T. F., Biochem. J., 222, 115 (1984).
28) Schinella G. R., Tournier H. A., Prieto J. M., Mordujovich de Buschiazzo P., Rios J. L., Life Sci., 70, 10231033 (2002).
29) Hafeman D. G., Hoekstra W. G., J. Nutr., 107, 666672 (1997).
30) Byers T., Nutr. Rev., 51, 333345 (1993).
31) Tripathi Y. B., Shukla S., Ind. J. Biochem. Biophys., 32, 308309
(1995).
32) Lin C. C., Huang P. C., Lin J. M., Am. J. Chin. Med., 28, 8796
(2000).
33) Lin C. C., Yen M. H., Lo T. S., Lin J. M., J. Ethnopharmacol., 60, 9
17 (1998).
34) Fischer G., Ebert G., Ludders P., Acta Hortic., 531, 263267 (2000).
35) Hassanien M. F. R., Moersel J. T., Fluessiges Obst., 70, 398402
(2003).
36) Shrishailappa B., Sudheer M., Sujay R. R., Elango K., Suresh B., Biol.
Pharm. Bull., 26, 15341537 (2003).
37) Todd G. T., Dany L. B., Jerry E., J. Agric. Food Chem., 52, 3169
3176 (2004).