ABSTRACT

Barus, Dora Margaretha. 2113121020. The Effect of STOP and DARE Strategy
on Students Ability in Writing Hortatory Exposition Text. A Thesis, Faculty of
Languages and Arts, State University of Medan. 2016.

This study deals with the effect of STOP and DARE Strategy on students ability in
writing hortatory exposition text. The objective of this study is to find out whether
STOP and DARE Strategy significantly affects students ability in writing hortatory
exposition text or not. It was conducted by using experimental research. The
population of this study was eleventh grade of SMA RK Deli Murni Delitua, which is
consisted of 3 parallel classes. Two classes were taken as the sample of the research.
The class XI IPA 2 was an experimental group and class XI IPA 1 was as control
group. The experimental group was taught by using STOP and DARE strategy,
otherwise control group was taught by using conventional strategy. The instrument
for collecting data was writing test. The data was analyzed by using t-test formula.
The result shows that the value of t-observed is higher than the value of t-table.
(2.18>1.994 (= 0.05)) with the degree of freedom (df) = 68. Based on the data
analysis of the study, the result indicates that the alternative hypothesis (Ha) was
accepted. It means that STOP and DARE Strategy significantly affects students
ability in writing hortatory exposition text.

Keywords: STOP and DARE Strategy, Writing Hortatory Exposition Text

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
First of all, the writer would like to express her deepest gratitude to Almighty
God, Jesus Christ for His amazing grace, uncountable blessing, love, strength given
to the writer during her study and in completing this thesis which entitled: The Effect
of STOP and DARE Strategy on Students Ability in Writing Hortatory Exposition
Text. This thesis is aimed to fulfill one of the requirements for the degree of Sarjana
Pendidikan of the English Department, Faculty of Languages and Arts, State
University of Medan (UNIMED).
In completing this thesis, the writer realized that she faced some problems and
he had received the academic guidance, suggestions, and comments and got a lot of
assistance and moral support from people. Therefore, the writer expresses her
gratitude and special thanks to:

Prof. Dr. Syawal Gultom., M.Pd., as the Rector of State University of

Medan.
Dr. Isda Pramuniati, M.Hum., as the Dean of Faculty of Languages and
Arts, State University of Medan.
Prof. Dr. Hj. Sumarsih, M.Pd., as the Head of English Department, who
took the role of being her Reviewer and Examiner.
Nora Ronita Dewi, S.Pd., S.S., M.Hum., as the Head of English Education
Study Program
Prof. Dr. Berlin Sibarani, M.Pd., as her Thesis Advisor, who has encouraged
her to learn more serious and given guidance, suggestions and precious time
along completing this thesis
Dra. Sri Juriati Ownie, M.A., her Academic Advisor, who has supported her
throughout the academic years.
Isli Iriani I. Pane, SPd, M.Hum., Dra.Tjut Erdinawati, MPd., as her
Reviewer and Examiner, who has given suggestions and comments in
completing the thesis.
All the Lecturers of English Department who have taught, guided, and
advised her throughout the academic years.
Mam Euis, as the administration staff of English Department, for information
in completing the thesis.
Dra. Jontar Sitohang., as the Headmaster of SMA RK Deli Murni Delitua,
for his permission in allowing the writer to do observation, and to collect the
data needed for the thesis.
Rina Hasugian S,Pd., the English Teacher of SMA RK Deli Murni Delitua ,
for the supports, guidance, suggestions and motivation along the research.
And all the teachers and students at the school for the good cooperation.

ii

Her beloved parents, Ir. S.Barus and Ir. R.Saragi, her wonderful siblings,
Nicholas Octavianus Barus S.kom., Hendire Secoval Antonius Barus,
Inggrid Santa Elisabet Barus, her beloved grandmather, D. Sembiring, her
lovely cousins Kak Nena cidabukke, Lily, Angel, kak Rindi and all of her
families for their endless love, prayer, inspiration, suggestion, motivation,
courage and everything that they have given to the writer during the process
of completing the thesis. This thesis is dedicated to you, guys.

Her awesome Brother, Dera Menra Sijabat, SPd., for courage, spirit, prayer,
awareness and motivation during her study, for reminding everything in
completing the thesis.

Her wonderful and gorgeous Girls, Arnita S, Devi S, Evelin S, Fytriani

Siregar,SPd., Harni G, Martina S, Roslinda S, for giving her support, the
loyalty, happiness, unforgettable moment, for sharing about love and life,
attendance in any situation (ups and downs), for making her feel not alone.

Her best ladies, Danaria T, Feronika N, Marsela S, Nirma T for giving the
prayer, support, awareness and for reminding her that Jesus always with her to
face difficulty situation.

Her best friends, DIMENCY (Dame, Dina, Wenny, Mega mamak Calysta)
for all of supports and pray, for always considering her even though youre
apart, for teaching her that true friendship doesn't need daily conversation or
being together. As long as relationship lives in our heart, true friends never
apart.

Her beloved friends in Diciples and Agnus Dei small group (Permadi, Dedi,
Putri, Jetty, Melita) Her struggle friends, Jelita, Yessi, kak Nancy, Norita,
Fibie, Era, Uci, Ando, Kak Betsyeba, Mira, Lisma, Her supporter in
praying, Bang Galih, Dek Waren, Bg Andi, Bang Cico, Maylista, and
Moris

Her friends in Reguler Dik B 2011, for their love and togetherness throughout
the four years; Her friends in PPLT SMP N 1 Dolok Panribuan for the
togetherness and the experiences shared. And also for those who cannot be
mentioned one by one.
The writer realizes that, this thesis still has the paucity, she warmly welcomes
any suggestions, comments, critics, and advices that will improve the quality of this
thesis. She hopes that this thesis would be useful for those who read and feel
interested in the field of this study.
Medan,
Februari 2016
The writer,

Dora Margaretha Barus

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Reg No. 2113121020

iv

TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
ABSTRACT.....................................................................................................

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT.............................................................................

iii

TABLE OF CONTENTS................................................................................

iv

LIST OF TABLES...........................................................................................

vii

LIST OF FIGURES........................................................................................

viii

LIST OF APPENDIXES.................................................................................

ix

CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION...................................................................

A. The Background of the Study.....................................................

B. The Problem of the Study...........................................................

C. The Objective of the Study.........................................................

D The Scope of the Study...............................................................

E. The Significance of the Study ...................................................

CHAPTER II REVIEW OF LITERATURE................................................

A. Theoretical Framework...............................................................

1. Writing ..................................................................................

2. The Purpose of Writing ........................................................

3. The Process of Writing .........................................................

10

4. The Kinds of Genre...............................................................

12

5. Hortatory Exposition Text ....................................................

14

6. The Nature of STOP and DARE Strategy.............................

17

a. Stages of STOP and DARE Strategy ...............................

21

b. Advantages and Disadvantages of STOP and DARE......

Strategy .............................................................................

23

c. Implementation of STOP and DARE Strategy in

Classroom .........................................................................

24

B. The Relevant of the Study ..........................................................

30

C. Conceptual Framework ..............................................................

31

D. Hypothesis ..................................................................................

33

CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHOD.......................................................

34

A. Research Design..........................................................................

34

B. Population and Sample................................................................

34

1. Population................................................................................

35

2. Sample ....................................................................................

35

C. The Instrument of Collecting Data..............................................

36

D. The Procedure of the Study ........................................................

36

1. Pre-test.....................................................................................

36

2. Treatment ................................................................................

36

3. Post-test ..................................................................................

41

E. Assessment of Writing ................................................................

41

F. The Validity and Reliability of the Test .......................................

43

G. Homogeneity and Normality.......................................................

45

H. Technique of Analyzing Data .....................................................

46

CHAPTER IV THE DATA AND DATA ANALYSIS...................................

48

A. Data Description..........................................................................

48

B. Data Analysis ..............................................................................

52

1. Testing reliability.....................................................................

52

2. Testing Normality ...................................................................

53

3. Testing Homogeneity of Data..................................................

54

4. Analyzing Data by Using T-test Formula ...............................

55

vi

C. Testing Hypothesis ......................................................................

56

D. Research Findings.......................................................................

57

E. Discussion ...................................................................................

57

CHAPTER V CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION..................................

60

A. Conclusion...................................................................................

60

B. Suggestions..................................................................................

60

REFERENCES...............................................................................................

61

APPENDIXES.................................................................................................

64

vii

LIST OF TABLES
Page
Table 1. 1 The List of Students Writing Scores of XI IPA 2 Class..................

Table 3. 1 Research Design...............................................................................

34

Table 3.2 Experimental Group Activities.........................................................

37

Table 3.3 Control Group Activities...................................................................

40

Table 3. 4 Assessment of Writing.....................................................................

42

Table 4.1 Students Score of Pre-Test...............................................................

49

Table 4.2 Students Score of Post-test...............................................................

50

Table 4.3 Students Score in Pre-test and Post-test...........................................

51

Table 4.4 Normality of Data.............................................................................

53

viii

LIST OF FIGURES
Page
Figure 2.1 Cue Card of STOP and DARE Strategy..........................................

25

Figure 2.2 Brainstorming Sheet........................................................................

26

Figure 4.1 Students score of Pre-test...............................................................

49

Figure 4.2 Students score in Post-test..............................................................

50

ix

LIST OF APPENDICES
Page
Appendix A The Pre-test and Post-test in Experimental and Control Groups

64

Appendix B Students score of Pre-test and Post-test of Experimental groups

65

Appendix C Students score of Pre-test and Post-test of Control groups.........

66

Appendix D The Score of Two Rates...............................................................

67

Appendix E The Calculation of Reliability of the Test.....................................

68

Appendix F The Calculation of Experimental Group T-test.............................

69

Appendix G The Calculation of Control Group T-test.....................................

70

Appendix H Test for Homogeneity of Variance of Pre-test in Experimental

and Control Groups.....................................................................

74

Appendix I Test for Distribution of Frequency in Experimental Group...........

76

Appendix J Test for Distribution of Frequency in Control Group....................

78

Appendix K Testing Normality in Experimental Group...................................

80

Appendix L Testing Normality in Control Group.............................................

82

Appendix M Table of Normality from 0 to Z...................................................

84

Appendix N Table List of testing Liliefors.......................................................

85

Appendix O Percentage Points of the t Distribution........................................

86

Appendix P Lesson Plan...................................................................................

87