06 Rr410406 Satellite Communications

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Code No: RR410406 Set No. 1

IV B.Tech I Semester Regular Examinations, November 2006
SATELLITE COMMUNICATIONS
( Common to Electronics & Communication Engineering and Electronics &
Telematics)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
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1. (a) Prove that for covering the globe three communication satellites would be
sufficient. [10]
(b) Write a summary of U.S. expendable launch vehicles. [6]
2. Discuss in detail the orbital effects in satellite communication system performance.
[16]
3. (a) What is telemetry? Explain in detail its requirement and analyse it. [8]
(b) Explain the way by which various parameters in and around the satellite are
measured using Telemetry. [8]
4. Explain the operation of (14/12)GHz communication systems, with a neat block
diagram. [16]
5. (a) Define Noise temperature. How it is used to calculate noise power and derive
an equation for C/N ratio for the antenna delivering a power Pr to the receiver
with a IF gain of the receiver G(G is a ratio). [8]
(b) Calculate the system noise temperature of the earth station receiver shown,
assuming appropriate factors as shown in figure5b [8]
Figure 5b
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6. Explain the Frequency Division Multiple Access of Satellite System with one ex-
ample. [16]
7. (a) A 14/11 GHz antenna has a G/T ratio of 40.3dB at 11.2 GHz. The antenna
gain is 64dB and the system noise temperature at 10 deg elevation angle
in clear air conditions is 234k. The antenna aperture efficiency and noise
temperature are detailed in the list below. During heavy rain, the slant path
attenuation reaches 8dB for 0.01 percent of the year. Calculate G/T ratio
for their fraction of the year and the corresponding reduction in C/N for the
received signal. [10]
Aperture efficiency: 71.3%
Sky noise at 10deg elevation: 30k
LNA noise temperature: 150k
(b) Explain in detail how geostationary satellites are tracked from the earth sta-
tion? [6]
8. (a) Draw the block diagram of OUTDOOR unit for a DBS home receiver and
explain the function of each block. [10]
(b) Explain how beam steering can achieved in parabolic reflector antenna. [6]
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sufficient. [10]
2. (a) Prove that the smallest value that the inclination angle can have is equal to
the latitude of the launch site in the plane of the orbit. [8]
(b) A satellite is in a circular equatorial orbit at an altitude of 10000 km from
earth’s surface. Determine the maximum eclipse time in a day during the full
eclipse period. [8]
3. Explain in detail about telemetry subsystem with neat block diagram. [16]
4. Explain in detail about (6/4)GHz communication subsystem. [16]
5. (a) What are the different reasons for the difference in uplink and downlink fre-
quencies. [8]
(b) A satellite down link at 12GHZ operates with a transmit power of 6W and an
antenna gain of 48.2dBW. Calculate EIRP in dBW. [8]
6. (a) Consider an FDM-FM-FDMA carrier with the following parameters

Channel bandwidth = 3100 Hz
Multichannel peak factor = 10 dB
Psophometric weighting factor = 2.5 dB
Emphasis weighting factor = 4 dB
Signal to Noise ratio = 51 dB
Find the carrier bandwidth when the carrier to noise ratio is C/N = 15 dB
and the number of channels per carrier is 192. [8]
(b) In FDM-FM-FDMA system, n = 24 channels, fM = 108 kHz, S/N = 51 dB,
and C/N = 12.5 dB. The combined Psophometric noise weighting factor and
preemphasis improvement factor is 6.5 dB. Find the rms frequency deviation
of the test tone. [8]
7. (a) Describe the various function to be carried out by satellite launching earth
station satellite is launching. [8]
(b) Explain the operation on deriving mechanism of Antenna employed in the
earth station. [8]

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8. (a) Draw the block diagram of OUTDOOR unit for a DBS home receiver and
explain the function of each block. [10]
(b) Explain how beam steering can achieved in parabolic reflector antenna. [6]
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1. Explain in detail the role of satellite in communication applications such as TV,

Telephone and data transfer. [16]
eclipse period. [8]
3. What is attitude of satellite? Explain control mechanism employed for it. [16]
4. Explain the operation of (14/12)GHz communication systems, with a neat block
diagram. [16]
5. (a) Define Noise temperature. How it is used to calculate noise power and derive
an equation for C/N ratio for the antenna delivering a power Pr to the receiver
with a IF gain of the receiver G(G is a ratio). [8]
(b) Calculate the system noise temperature of the earth station receiver shown,
assuming appropriate factors as shown in figure5b [8]
Figure 5b
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ample. [16]
7. (a) A 14/11 GHz antenna has a G/T ratio of 40.3dB at 11.2 GHz. The antenna
gain is 64dB and the system noise temperature at 10 deg elevation angle
in clear air conditions is 234k. The antenna aperture efficiency and noise
temperature are detailed in the list below. During heavy rain, the slant path
attenuation reaches 8dB for 0.01 percent of the year. Calculate G/T ratio
for their fraction of the year and the corresponding reduction in C/N for the
received signal. [10]
Aperture efficiency: 71.3%
Sky noise at 10deg elevation: 30k
LNA noise temperature: 150k
(b) Explain in detail how geostationary satellites are tracked from the earth sta-
tion? [6]
8. (a) What is a VSAT? Explain the operational characteristics of VSATs. [10]

(b) Explain clearly and in detail the applications of VSAT networks? [6]
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sufficient. [10]
eclipse period. [8]
3. (a) What is spin stabilization? Why is it necessary? Explain various effects that
is to be avoided and its remedial solution. [8]
(b) What is station keeping? Explain various methods of station keeping. [8]
4. Explain about the various effects and their remedies of external satellite environ-
ment around satellite antenna. [16]
5. (a) What is the implication of G/T being negative. [3]
(b) An earth station antenna has a diameter of 30m, has an overall efficiency
of 68% and is used to receive a signal at 4150 MHZ. At this frequency the
system Noise temperature is 79k when the antenna points at the satellite an
elevation angle of 280 . What is the earth station G/T under these conditions?
If heavy rain causes the sky temperature to increase so that the system noise
temperature noise to 88k, what is the new G/T value? [8]
(c) List the salient details of INTELSAT-IV down link specification. [5]
ample. [16]
7. Draw the structure of a cassegrain system and explain what are its merits? Explain
them in detail. [16]
8. (a) What is HPA? What are various types of HPA?s? Compare these types. [8]
(b) Compare FDM and TDM systems in the earth station design. [8]
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www.andhracolleges.

com The Complete Information About Colleges in Andhra Pradesh

Code No: RR410406 Set No. 1

www.andhracolleges.com Engineering-MBA-MCA-Medical-Pharmacy-B.Ed-Law Colleges Information

Code No: RR410406 Set No. 1

www.andhracolleges.com Engineering-MBA-MCA-Medical-Pharmacy-B.Ed-Law Colleges Information

Code No: RR410406 Set No. 2

4. Explain in detail about (6/4)GHz communication subsystem. [16]

6. (a) Consider an FDM-FM-FDMA carrier with the following parameters

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Code No: RR410406 Set No. 2

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Code No: RR410406 Set No. 3

1. Explain in detail the role of satellite in communication applications such as TV,

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Code No: RR410406 Set No. 3

8. (a) What is a VSAT? Explain the operational characteristics of VSATs. [10]

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Code No: RR410406 Set No. 4

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