Q3 through Q9 (like exercise 6-1)

An ideal Rankine cycle with isentropic compression and expansio operates between a
maximum pressure of 5000 kPa at turbine entry and 50 kPa in the condenser. Find the
efficiency based on turbine output and enthalpy values.
From the steam tables
h3 = 2794.2 kJ/kg (enthalpy of saturated water vapor at 5000 kPa)
h1 = hf = 340.54 kJ/kg (enthalpy of liquid water at 50 kPa)
hg = 2645.2 kJ/kg (enthalpy of saturated water vapor at 50 kPa)
s3 = s4 = 5.9737 kJ/kg-K (entropy due to isentropic expansion)
swater = 1.0912 kJ/kg, ssatst = 7.5931 kJ/kg
D = specific volume at 50 kPa = 0.001030 m3 / kg Pout = 5000 kPa, Pin = 50 kPa.
Pump work = change in pressure x specific volume , wp = (Pout Pin) x D =
______________ kJ/kg

The enthalpy at point 2 is h1 plus pump work , h2 = h1 + win = _____________ kJ/kg

steam quality is the fraction x. 0<x<1; I have calculated

___0.7514_____
I have calculated h4 h4 . h4 x(hg hf) h

s4 swater

ssatst swater

h4 = ___2072.2____kJ/kg

Turbine work is loss in enthalpy between 3 and 4, wt h3 h4 = ____________kJ/kg

The system output is turbine work minus pump work, output = wt wp
=___________
heat input is increase in enthalpy between 2 and 3, input = h3 h2
= __________
Overall efficiency is
output wt wp

=
input
h3 h2
or ____________ %

_____________

Q10 through Q13 (Like example 6-1 b) Calculate the Carnot thermal efficiency based on
temperature diference between extremes in the cycle, TH and TL . Convert C to K by
adding 273.1;
The TH is at point three, saturated steam. From tables high temp = 263.9 deg C. so TH
= ____________ K
The TL is at point one, condensed water. From tables low temp = 81.32 deg C so TL
=___________ K
Use K rather than deg C, the Carnot efficiency is
T T
H L =
TH

______________

or ______________%.

Q1 through Q2: (Like exercise 5.1) Propane C3H8 releases 50 MJ per kilogram;
Energy/kgfuel = 50 MJ/kgfuel
Molecular mass C3H10 = 50, Molecular mass CO2 = 44.
C3H8 5(O2) 3(CO2) 4(H2O) 50MJ / kg fuel
reaction
One molecule of C3H8 yields 3 molecules of CO2
Find the ratio of CO2 molecule mass to propane molecule mass = kgCO2/kgfuel =
________
Find the energy released per kilogram of CO2 Energy/ kgCO2

Energy/ kgfuel
=____________
kgCO2/ kgfuel

MJ / kgCO2
Q14 through Q15: (Like exercise 5.3 a ) A compact car that runs on propane ( C3H10 ) emits
0.201 kg CO2 per mile driven. What is the mass and energy content of propane ( C3H10 )
consumed per mile driven? Molecular mass of C3H10 = 50, Molecular mass of CO2 = 44
Find the ratio of masses of propane to masses of CO2. Rprop/co2 =_________________,

For each mile, there will be 0.201 kgCO2, and a proportionate amout of propane.
The propane per mile is Rprop/co2 * kgCO2/mile =__________________ kg propane / mile

Q16 through Q17 (Like exercise 5-5) An oil company refines crude oil valued at
$94/barrel and sells the gasoline for Pgas = $2.85/gallon. Each barrel contains 42
gallons.
What is the per gallon value of the crude oil? Pcrude = ____________

On a per gallon basis, by what percentage has the price increased going from crude oil
to final sale?
Pgas Pcrude
Use PctInc 100
=
Pcrude
PctInc = ________
Q16 through Q24 (This is like example 4 in chapter 6)
A Brayton cycle operates with isentropic compression and expansion.
Air enters the compressor at 95 kPa, and ambient temp = TL = 295 K.
The compressor has a ratio of 6.5 to 1.
The compressed air is heated to TH= 1200 K
From the air tables and interpolation
h1 = 300.5 kJ/kg
h2 = 495.5 kJ/kg
= 721.3 kJ/kg
Find the heat input qin h3 h2 =
___________________ kJ/kg

h3 = 1258.3 kJ/kg

h4

Find the turbine work wturbine h3 h4 =

_________________ kJ/kg

Find the compressor work wcompressor h2 h1 =

_________________kJ/kg

Find the overall efficiency

wturbine wcompresssor

=
qin
_____________%
Find the Carnot efficiency
T T
H L =
TH
____________________%

____________ or

_______

___________ or