CALIFORNIA STATE UNIVERSITY, LOS ANGELES

Department of Physics and Astronomy

Physics211 / Section 13- 18375

Statistical Analysis of Data

Prepared by: Rodney Pujada

Daniel Victoria

Performance Date: Tuesday,January 7, 2016

Submission Due: Tuesday, January 14, 2016
Professor: Yese J. Felipe
Thursday: 1:30 pm. 4:00 p.m.

January 2016

Experiment No 1:
I.

II.

Statistical Analysis of Data

PURPOSE
Performing this laboratory successfully will allow us to learn an important of
statistical techniques as mean, standard deviation, standard deviation of the
mean. Also, we learn to graph a histogram from our results.
INTRODUCTION
Mean is the average of all values of X. This is the same as for small data sets.
The mean may not be a fair representation of the data, because the average is
easily influenced by outliers (very small or large values in the data set that are
not typical). Therefore, the mean shows us an approximate value who is in the
almost in the middle of our data. The mean is the mathematical average of all
the terms, so it provides a basis for determining an average when necessary. To
find it, add the values of all the terms and then divide by the number of terms.

Standard deviation () is a measure of how spreads out numbers are.

The standard deviation is a numerical value used to indicate how widely

individuals in a group vary. If individual observations vary greatly from the
group mean, the standard deviation is big; and vice versa. It is important to
distinguish between the standard deviation of a population and the standard
deviation of a sample. They have different notation, and they are computed
differently. The standard deviation of a population is denoted by and the
standard deviation of a sample, by s. The "Population Standard Deviation":

The "Sample Standard Deviation":

Standard deviation of the Mean (S)

Histogram is a bar graph

in which the horizontal scale represents classes of data values and the vertical
scales represents frequencies. The heights of the bars correspond to the
frequency values, and the bars are drawn adjacent to each other (without
gaps). The histogram shows to analyze how much data we have in one class
that we determine to see the precision of our data.

III.

DATA AND ANALYSIS

Table No 1: Experiment for releasing 31 marble from the curved track

point
#
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
avera
ge
sum=

X
18.8
19.8
20
20.2
20.3
20.5
20.6
20.6
20.9
21
21
21.2
21.2
21.3
21.4
21.4
21.4
21.4
21.5
21.8
21.8
22
22.1
22.1
22.5
22.7
23
23.2
23.4
23.8
23.9
21.509
68
669.50
97

=xx
-2.7
-1.7
-1.5
-1.3
-1.2
-1
-0.9
-0.9
-0.6
-0.5
-0.5
-0.3
-0.3
-0.2
-0.1
-0.1
-0.1
-0.1
0
0.3
0.3
0.5
0.6
0.6
1
1.2
1.5
1.7
1.9
2.3
2.4

7.29
2.89
2.25
1.69
1.44
1
0.81
0.81
0.36
0.25
0.25
0.09
0.09
0.04
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0
0.09
0.09
0.25
0.36
0.36
1
1.44
2.25
2.89
3.61
5.29
5.76
1.3770
97
36.777
1

Table No 2 : Experiment for releasing one marble 31 times from the curved
track

point
#
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
avera
ge
sum=

X
13.9
15.6
15.7
15.7
15.9
15.9
16.2
16.4
16.4
16.7
16.7
16.7
17
17.1
17.1
17.1
17.2
17.2
17.3
17.4
17.5
17.5
17.5
17.5
17.8
17.9
18.2
18.5
18.6
18.8
20.8
17.090
32
532.99
03

=xx
-7.6
-5.9
-5.8
-5.8
-5.6
-5.6
-5.3
-5.1
-5.1
-4.8
-4.8
-4.8
-4.5
-4.4
-4.4
-4.4
-4.3
-4.3
-4.2
-4.1
-4
-4
-4
-4
-3.7
-3.6
-3.3
-3
-2.9
-2.7
-0.7

57.76
34.81
33.64
33.64
31.36
31.36
28.09
26.01
26.01
23.04
23.04
23.04
20.25
19.36
19.36
19.36
18.49
18.49
17.64
16.81
16
16
16
16
13.69
12.96
10.89
9
8.41
7.29
0.49
20.912
58
611.44
26

III.1

Calculate the mean and deviation from the mean

Mean -------------------------------------------------------------3.1.1. From Table No 1 : Experiment for releasing 31 marble from

the curved track
Mean
=
(18.8+19.8+20++
23.2+23.4+23.8+23.9) /31
Mean = Sumatory /31 = 669.51 /31 = 21.5097
Mean = 21.6
Mean
=
21.6
3.1.2 From Table No 2 : Experiment for releasing one marble 31
times from the curved track
Mean = (13.9+15.6+15.7++18.6+
18.8+20.8) /31
Mean = Sumatory /31 = 532.99/31 = 17.09
Mean = 17.1
Mean
=
17.1
Deviation
Standard
----------------------------------------------------

3.1.3. From Table No 1 : Experiment for releasing 31 marble from

the curved track
Deviation Standard =
N=31
((X-X)2) = (2.7) 2+(1.7) 2+(1.5) 2+ ..+ (2.4) 2 =36.7771

= sqrt [ ((X-X)2) /(31-1) ] = sqrt [ 36.7771/(31-1)

= 1.1072
Deviation Standard = =
1.11

3.1.4 From Table No 2 : Experiment for releasing one marble 31

times from the curved track
Deviation Standard = ?
N=31
((X-X)2) = (-7.6) 2+(-5.9) 2+(-5.8) 2+ ..+ (-0.7) 2 =611.443

= sqrt [ ((X-X)2) /(31-1) ] = sqrt [ 611.443/(31-1)

= 4.5145
Deviation Standard = =
4.51

Standard Deviation of the Mean (s)

-----------------------3.1.5. From Table No 1 : Experiment for releasing 31 marble from
the curved track

Deviation Standard of the mean = ?

= 1.11
Sqrt( N) = Sqrt (31) =5.56776
Deviation Standard of the mean = 1.11 / 5.56776 =0.19936
Deviation Standard
=0.20

of the mean

3.1.5. From Table No 2 : Experiment for releasing one marble 31

times from the curved track

Deviation Standard of the mean = ?

= 4.51
Sqrt( N) = Sqrt (31) =5.56776
Deviation Standard of the mean = 4.51 / 5.56776 =0.81

III.2

Deviation Standard
of the mean
=0.81
Showing results on a Histogram.
Table No3 : Frequency Table for Experiment in table No 1

Frequency Table
Frequenc
Class
y
170
17.9
181
18.9
191
19.9
207
20.9
2112
21.9
225
22.9
235
23.9
240
24.9

Graph No 1:
Frequency
Experiment in table No 1

Table No 4 : Frequency Table for Experiment in table No 2

Frequency Table
Class
Frequency
13-13.9
1
14-14.9
0
15-15.9
5
16-16.9
6
17-17.9
14
18-18.9
1
19-19.9
0
20-20.9
1
Graph No 2: Frequency Table for Experiment in table No 2

Table

for

3.3. Analysis Data

We use a curved track with 31
marble where we release each
marble from the marked point on
the track 31 times. Each marble
mark a point in our paper with
precision because all the mark are
very close each other.
It shows the experiment
can repeat and reproduce
with precision in the same space.
In our first experiment where we released 31 marble we found a mean = 21.6,
deviation standard =1.11, and deviation standard of the mean = 0.2. For the
second part of the experiment where we released one more 31 time, we found a
mean = 17.1, deviation standard =4.51, and deviation standard of the mean =
0.81.
IV Results

Our experiment shows these results.

Statistic Measurement

Table No 1: Experiment for

releasing 31 marble from the
curved track
Table No 2: Experiment for
releasing one marble 31 times
from the curved track

Mean
(X)

Deviation
Standard
( )

Deviation
Standard
of the mean
(S)

21.6

1.11

0.2

17.1

4.51

0.81

In our first experiment where we released 31 marble we found 12 points

felt very near to our mean in the range of our deviation standard. We can
find a mean in a good range XS = 21.6 0.20. It shows our experiment
was done in the acceptable range (graph No 1).
We observe our points in the paper have good precision because the
measurements of the same quantity are closely cluster and they have
accurate measurement because the measurements are independent
measurement cluster about the true value.

VII References
Department of Physics and Astronomy (Editionn1.1,University Bookstore
Custom Publising, pp. 4-9
Department of Physics & Astronomy
http://virgo-physics.sas.upenn.edu/uglabs/lab_manual/Error_Analysis.pdf

Triola, Mario F. , Elementary Statistics. Tenth Edition. Massuchussets.2006.

Statistics and Probability Dictionary.
http://stattrek.com/statistics/dictionary.aspx?
definition=standard_deviation