Professional Documents
Culture Documents
A PROJECT
ON
Kunwer Sachdev
In the subject Entrepreneurship Management
SUBMITTED TO
UNIVERSITY OF MUMBAI,
FOR SEMESTER IV OF
MASTER OF COMMERCE
BY
Kunal Vora
Div: B Roll no: 24
UNDER THE GUIDANCE OF
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Bhavishya Bharat Campus, S.V. Road, Malad (West), Mumbai 400 064.
Signature of Student
EVALUATION CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that the undersigned have assessed and evaluated the project on
Kunwer Sachdev submitted by Kunal Vora Student of M Com Part-II. This project is
original to the best of our knowledge and has been accepted for Internal Assessment.
Internal Examiner
Prof. Bharat Pithadia.
External Examiner
Principal
Dr (Mrs) Ancy Jose
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Class
Division
Roll
Number.
M COM
24
: Kunal
PART II
Surname
: Vora
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ACKNOWLEGEMENT
Presentation inspiration & motivation have always played a key role in the success of any
venture. I express my sincere thanks to principal ANCY JOSE OF Nagindas Khandwala
College, Malad , Mumbai. I pay my deep sense of gratitude PROF. BHARAT PITHADIA to
encourage me to the highest peak and to provide mean opportunity to prepare the project. I am
immensely obliged to my friends for their elevating inspiration, encouraging guidance and kind
supervision in the completion of my project. I feel to acknowledge my indebtedness and deep
sense of gratitude to my guide PROF. BHARAT PITHADIA whose valuable guidance and kind
supervision given to me throughout the course which shaped
Last but not the least, my parents are also an important inspiration for me.
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INDEX
CHAPTER-1 : ENTERPRENUERSHIP MANAGEMENT
25
BIBLIOGRAPHY
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The external factors which are affecting the capital structure are as follows:1) Economic Conditions: If the economy is in state of depression, preference is given to equity
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form of capital which involves less amount of risk but it is avoided in some cases where the
investor is not ready to take the risk. In this case company go on with the borrowed capital.
2) Interest Rates level : Form of borrowed capital will be delayed if the funds are available in
high rates of interest but raising is not favorable.
3) Lending Policy: If policy is hard to understand and not flexible then it is good to go with the
borrowed capital.
4) Taxation Policy: This policy should be viewed from both the sides from individual as well as
corporate perspective. From the individual point of view both interest as well as dividend will
be taxable in hands of lender.
Q4. Factors Affecting Working Capital or Determinants of Working Capital?
1. Size of Business
Working capital requirement of a firm is directly influenced by the size of its business operation.
Big business organizations require more working capital than the small business organization.
Therefore, the size of organization is one of the major determinants of working capital.
2. Nature of Business
Working capital requirement depends upon the nature of business carried by the firm. Normally,
manufacturing industries and trading organizations need more working capital than in the
service business organizations. A service sector does not require any amount of stock of goods.
In service enterprises, there are less credit transactions. But in the manufacturing or trading
firm, credit sales and advance related transactions are in large amount.
3. Storage Time or Processing Period
Time needed for keeping the stock in store is called storage period. The amount of working
capital is influenced by the storage period. If storage period is high, a firm should keep more
quantity of goods in store and hence requires more working capital. Similarly, if the processing
time is more, then more stock of goods must be held in store as work-in-progress.
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4. Credit Period
Credit period allowed to customers is also one of the major factors which influence
the requirement of working capital. Longer credit period requires more investment
in debtors and hence more working capital is needed. But, the firm which allows
less credit period to customers needs less working capital.
5. Seasonal Requirement
In certain business, raw material is not available throughout the year. Such
business organizations have to buy raw material in bulk during the season to
ensure an uninterrupted flow and process them during the entire year. Thus, a
huge amount is blocked in the form of raw material inventories which gives rise to
more working capital requirements.
6. Potential Growth or Expansion of Business
If the business is to be extended in future, more working capital is required. More
amount of working capital is required to meet the expansion need of business.
Q5.elaborate the importance of microfinance?
Microfinance is a source of financial services for entrepreneurs and small businesses lacking
access to banking and related services. The two main mechanisms for the delivery of financial
services to such clients are: (1) relationship-based banking for individual entrepreneurs and
small businesses; and (2) group-based models, where several entrepreneurs come together to
apply for loans and other services as a group. In some regions, for example Southern Africa,
microfinance is used to describe the supply of financial services to low-income employees,
which is closer to the retail finance model prevalent in mainstream banking.
For some, microfinance is a movement whose object is "a world in which as many poor and
near-poor households as possible have permanent access to an appropriate range of high quality
financial services, including not just credit but also savings, insurance, and fund transfers."
Many of those who promote microfinance generally believe that such access will help poor
people out of poverty, including participants in the Microcredit Summit Campaign. For others,
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microfinance is a way to promote economic development, employment and growth through the
support of micro-entrepreneurs and small businesses.
Microfinance is a broad category of services, which includes microcredit. Microcredit is
provision of credit services to poor clients. Microcredit is one of the aspects of microfinance
and the two are often confused. Critics may attack microcredit while referring to it
indiscriminately as either 'microcredit' or 'microfinance'. Due to the broad range of microfinance
services, it is difficult to assess impact, and very few studies have tried to assess its full impact.
Proponents often claim that microfinance lifts people out of poverty, but the evidence is mixed.
What it does do, however, is to enhance financial inclusion.
Q6. DISCUSS THE OBJECTIVES OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP DEVELOPMENT
PROGRAMME?
The basic objectives of EDP are to:
1. Develop and strengthen entrepreneurial quality, i.e., motivation or need for achievement.
2. To analyze environmental set up relating to small industry and promoting it.
3. Removing unemployment
4. Enhancing industrial development
5. Developing industrially backward region.
6. Select project/product.
7. Formulate the project.
8. Understand the process and procedure involved in setting up small units.
9. Know the sources of help and support available for starting a small-scale industry.
10. Acquire necessary managerial skill required to run the industrial unit.
11. Know the pros and cons of being an entrepreneur.
12. Helping the person to understand environmental changes and opportunities.
13. Acquaint and appreciate the needed social responsibility/ entrepreneurial discipline.
Q7. WRITE A DETAILED NOTE ON JOINT VENTURE?
A joint venture (JV) is a business agreement in which the parties agree to develop, for a finite
time, a new entity and new assets by contributing equity. They exercise control over the
enterprise and consequently share revenues, expenses and assets. There are other types of
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companies such as JV limited by guarantee, joint ventures limited by guarantee with partners
holding shares.
Companies typically pursue joint ventures for one of four reasons: to gain faster entry into a
new market; to acquire expertise; to increase production scale, efficiencies, or coverage; or to
expand business development by gaining access to distributor networks.[1]
A joint venture takes place when two parties come together to take on one project. In a joint
venture, both parties are equally invested in the project in terms of money, time, and effort to
build on the original concept. While joint ventures are generally small projects, major
corporations also use this method in order to diversify. A joint venture can ensure the success of
smaller projects for those that are just starting in the business world or for established
corporations. Since the cost of starting new projects is generally high, a joint venture allows
both parties to share the burden of the project, as well as the resulting profits.
Since money is involved in a joint venture, it is necessary to have a strategic plan in place. In
short, both parties must be committed to focusing on the future of the partnership, rather than
just the immediate returns. Ultimately, short term and long term successes are both important. In
order to achieve this success, honesty, integrity, and communication within the joint venture are
necessary.
Q8.STATE AND EXPLAIN VARIOUS METHODS THROUGH WHICH
ENTREPRENEURSHIP TRAINING AND DEVELOPMENT CAN BE IMPARTED TO
ENTREPRENEURS?
Entrepreneurship development is the process of improving the skills and knowledge of
entrepreneurs through various training and classroom programs. The whole point of
entrepreneurship development is to increase the number of entrepreneurs.
1. Outline the objectives of the program and focus on the
venture development
Entrepreneurship development aims at individuals who want to start or possibly expand
a business. Entrepreneurship development also focuses a lot on enhancing the ideas and
potential of an entrepreneur.
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8. Coconut Development Board provides financial support for production & distribution of
planting material, integrated farming for productivity improvement, market promotion,
coconut palm insurance scheme etc.
5. Security issues: Many service providers use web-hosted software to handle HR functions,
leaving sensitive employee information vulnerable to security threats as well as crashes.
Checking your vendor's security record and calling references is essential will shopping around
for any web-hosted HR services.
Setting of priorities
Time management has been considered to be a subset of different concepts such as:
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Management has also been identified as one of the core functions identified in project
management.
capital, you need to get it, and until you have it, your business is on life-support. How do
you get capital? Sell something. Earn some funds and keep them in the business. Get
investors to give you capital. Find someone with capital and convince them to co-invest
in your business. Borrow money if you have to. Protect your relationships with the
people who loan you money or invest with you - always pay them back on time. You
need them (and their networks) to be there to support you with more capital for the rest
of your life, so always treat them well.
Q14. PROBLEMS FACED BY WOMEN ENTREPRENEURS?
1. Problem of Finance:
Finance is regarded as life-blood for any enterprise, be it big or small. However, women
entrepreneurs suffer from shortage of finance on two counts.
Firstly, women do not generally have property on their names to use them as collateral for
obtaining funds from external sources. Thus, their access to the external sources of funds is
limited.
2. Scarcity of Raw Material:
Most of the women enterprises are plagued by the scarcity of raw material and necessary inputs.
Added to this are the high prices of raw material, on the one hand, and getting raw material at
the minimum of discount, on the other.
3. Stiff Competition:
Women entrepreneurs do not have organizational set-up to pump in a lot of money for
canvassing and advertisement.
4. Limited Mobility:
Unlike men, women mobility in India is highly limited due to various reasons. A single woman
asking for room is still looked upon suspicion.
5. Family Ties:
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In India, it is mainly a womens duty to look after the children and other members of the family.
Man plays a secondary role only. In case of married women, she has to strike a fine balance
Engineering and Services: like agriculture equipments, tractors and pump sets repairs etc.
Big Data and Analytics drive growth: In 2015, we'll continue to see a split between
those businesses positioned to take advantage of the major trends and those that aren't. It
should be a great year for companies that are involved with the transformation of the
economy that is increasingly screen-based, big data or artificial-intelligence driven.
These companies don't need to get directly involve in these types of businesses to benefit
from them - although that would help.
Corporate become active: Angels and VC's have had a goldmine of opportunities to
invest in start-ups in the last few years. We saw some corporate begin to seek out startups for investment purposes. In 2015, this trend will accelerate. Capital may become
more readily available, but it will be more selective. A corporate backer would be
blissful to any new start-up given their strength and scale.
Better Efficiencies: Using the new age technology, the efficiencies of a lot of brands
have gone up big time. A simple internal WhatsApp group solves a lot of communication
lags. Similarly, a lot of better and more efficient technology (mobile based) shall be
making our 2015 better.
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Cloud and Mobility will start yielding results: In 2015, small businesses will begin to
see operational efficiencies gained from the adoption of cloud and mobile technologies.
As these hugely impactful technology platforms become pervasive, small businesses
across industries will become more agile and will deliver better, improved services to
their end users and customers. This will, in turn, empower small businesses to enjoy
better customer relationships and be more knowledgeable in their respective markets.
Cross-border Businesses: With technology, very few businesses are restricted to a city
or market. All businesses have a global opportunity set. This requires one to have
resources in multiple locations so as to cater to customers and stakeholders.
Experienced talent is Gold: Businesses will seek people in their late 20s or early 30s
that have 10 years experience and have seen rapid growth in technologies and
businesses since 2005. They have seen the advent of social media, the proliferation of
mobile devices etc. These people know how to adjust and pivot. All accelerating
business will pay a premium for this talent in 2015.
More women will take over: Just as we are starting to see globally, we believe more
women will rise to powerful positions in 2015.
turn would lead to economic regeneration. The focus of the fellowship has been in generating
interest of the educated youth towards the social sector and in incubating the spirit of social
entrepreneurship.
The SBI Youth for India Fellowship was launched on 1 March 2011, in partnership with three
reputed NGOs: M.S.Swaminathan Research Foundation, BAIF Development Research
Foundation and Seva Mandir. All the three NGOs have more than two decades of experience in
the development sector.
The fellowship and its work has been appreciated by eminent personalities like Dr. A.P.J. Abdul
Kalam (ex-President of India), Mr. Ratan Tata (Chairman, Tata Group), D.S. Subbarao
(Governor, Reserve Bank of India), Mrs. Rajashree Birla (Director of the Aditya Birla Group of
Companies), Mr. O. P. Bhatt (Chairman, State Bank of India), and Professor M.S. Swaminathan
(the proponent of the Green Revolution in India) amongst others.
Objectives of the program
The Programmed seeks to help India secure an equitable and sustainable growth path by:
1. Providing educated Indian youth with an opportunity to touch lives and create positive
change at the grass root level in rural India.
2. Providing NGOs working on development projects in rural India with educated
manpower whose skill sets can be used to catalyze rural development.
3. Promoting a forum for the Programmed alumni to share ideas and contribute to rural
development throughout their professional life.
Q18.COMMENT ON THE FUTURE OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN INDIA?
The future of entrepreneurship in India
Recently, India is considered to be amongst the three top investment destinations. According to
a report released by Evalueserve research, over 44 U.S. based VC firms are now seeking to
invest heavily in startups and early-stage companies in India. Reports from
PricwwaterhouseCoppers predict that between 2010 and 2024, 2219 multinational companies
will emerge from India.
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In conclusion, with a consistently growing local market for indigenous products, supported by a
reasonably efficient and transparent legal system, I believe India could potentially emerge as
one of the top 3 world economies in the world by 2020. This articles concludes with these lines
from The Mystery of Capital by Hernando de Soto.
People in developing countries are not pitiful beggars, are not helplessly trapped in obsolete
ways and are not uncritical prisoners of dysfunctional cultures. In fact, he says and I can vouch
from my experience that the developing world is teeming with entrepreneurs who possess an
astonishing ability to wring a profit out of practically nothing.
Q19.ROLE OF ENTREPRENEUR DEVELOPMENT CELL?
, IIT Kharagpur (E-Cell) is a non-profit students organization dedicated to promoting the spirit
of entrepreneurship among students throughout India. Established in 2006 under the aegis of
STEP (Science and Technology Entrepreneurs Park), IIT Kharagpur, E-Cell has since been
involved in more than 35 startup companies in the initial stages of their existence. E-cell now
comes under Rajendra Mishra School of Engineering Entrepreneurship, RMSOEE, IIT
Kharagpur. The basic aim of E-Cell is to encourage college-level students today to start their
own enterprise.[5] This, it does by the following means:
Functioning as a guide for students with creative ideas which can be transformed into
successful companies.
Having realized the fulfilment of the aim of 'Promoting starting up', E-cell has now
started to 'Support Starting up' by various one of its kind ventures like Kharagpur Angel
Network, Startup Services Programmed, Start In Portal, etc.
E-Cell was formed in 2006, from the Students Chapter of TIETS (Technology Incubation and
Entrepreneurial Training Society), a body under SRIC (Sponsored Research and Industrial
Consultancy), IIT Kharagpur, by the efforts of some enterprising students. The first ever edition
of its flagship event, the Global Entrepreneurship Summit (GES) was held in 2007 (then known
as Entrepreneurship Summit or E-Summit), while that of its Nationwide drive, Entrepreneurship
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Awareness Drive (EAD) was organized in 2009. E-Cell today has more than 50 members from
within IIT Kharagpur, and several more outreach members from various other colleges in the
city.
E-Cell conducts a myriad of activities throughout the year, for the benefit of students within IIT
Kharagpur as well as those in other colleges throughout India.
Q20. DISCUSS THE PROCEDURE TO OBTAIN EXCLUSIVE INTELLECTUAL
PROPERTY?
Intellectual property (IP) is a term referring to creations of the intellect for which a monopoly
is assigned to designated owners by law. Some common types of intellectual property rights
(IPR) are trademarks, copyright, patents, industrial design rights, and in some jurisdictions trade
secrets: all these cover music, literature, and other artistic works; discoveries and inventions;
and words, phrases, symbols, and designs.
While intellectual property law has evolved over centuries, it was not until the 19th century that
the term intellectual property began to be used, and not until the late 20th century that it became
commonplace in the majority of the world.
By exchanging limited exclusive rights for disclosure of inventions and creative works, society
and the patentee/copyright owner mutually benefit, and an incentive is created for inventors and
authors to create and disclose their work. Some commentators have noted that the objective of
intellectual property legislators and those who support its implementation appears to be
"absolute protection". "If some intellectual property is desirable because it encourages
innovation, they reason, more is better. The thinking is that creators will not have sufficient
incentive to invent unless they are legally entitled to capture the full social value of their
inventions". This absolute protection or full value view treats intellectual property as another
type of "real" property, typically adopting its law and rhetoric. Other recent developments in
intellectual property law, such as the America Invents Act, stress international harmonization.
Recently there has also been much debate over the desirability of using intellectual property
rights to protect cultural heritage, including intangible ones, as well as over risks of
commodification derived from this possibility. The issue still remains open in legal scholarship.
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with frequent break-down of his home inverter, so one day he decided to open it to look for the
problem that is how he got the idea to manufacture inverters himself.
Sachdev stated in an interview that the first inverter he made after testing and experimentation
did not get a positive response, so he continued working on the product's technology and soon
Su-Kams inverters sales picked up. He also said in the same interview that Su-Kam was the
first Indian company to advertise in newspapers and to persuade dhaba owners across India to
put Su-Kams boards a marketing strategy which was followed by Vodafone and Airtel.
Corporate management and revenues
Kunwer Sachdev, the entrepreneur founder of Su-Kam Power Systems Limited is the Managing
Director of the company. The Anil Dhirubhai Ambani Group and Temasek Holdings (the
investment arm of the Government of Singapore) together launched Reliance India Power Fund,
a $200 million private equity fund, which has invested 20% of the paid-up capital of the
company
In a press statement, Kunwer Sachdev has that Su-Kam is expected to make 1200 crore
revenues in fiscal year 2014-15 - Rs 500 crore would come from the battery business followed
by Rs 400 crore from the inverter sales, rooftop solar power business is expected to generate
around Rs 300 crore revenues.
Su-Kam is also planning to enter into consumer financing to target lower income groups. It is
going to debt up a Non-Banking Finance Company (NBFC). Sachdev said in an interview
to The Hindu that the investment on the venture to finance low-income consumers would be
Rs.20 crore. Su-Kam is expecting to bring Rs.10 crore and for the rest approach banks.
Innovations and patents
In public statements, Kunwer Sachdev has said that Su-Kam was the first Indian company to
introduce DSP sinewave inverters and plastic-body inverters in India.
Su-Kam is also said to have filed largest number of patents in the power back-up industry - an
average of 2 patents every month.
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Su-Kam was the first company in the world to launch plastic body inverters. India
Today included Su-Kam's plastic body inverters in the list of top 10 innovations of the decade in
2010. The design uses advanced plastics which can withstand high temperatures
Su-Kam launched India's first touchscreen Solar PCU which has MPPT solar charge controller.
It can be monitored through smartphones through its in-built Wi-Fi.
Su-Kam's focus on solar products
Su-Kam Power Systems has installed solar power systems across 10,000 houses in seven districts under
the Tamil Nadu Chief Ministers Solar Powered Green House Scheme
The company has installed 1MW Solar Power Plant at Punjab Engineering College in Chandigarh.[26]
In May 2014 Su-Kam won a tender tender from Uttar Pradesh New and Renewable Energy Development
Agency to install and commission solar power systems in 40,000 rural households in Uttar Pradesh. [27]
It also installed 250kwp mini off-grid solar system to electrify Fakirpura and Chanduahar villages in
Kannauj. These villages have never been electrified before. The inauguration of solar plant was done by
Dr. APJ Abdul Kalam and Chief Minister of Uttar Pradesh Akhilesh Yadav.
Su-Kam has installed 50kw solar grid-tie system at Delhi Jal Board's office in Delhi
Su-Kam installed 40kwp solar power system at Allied Engineering Works which is said to generate
56,000 units of electricity
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Awards
Su-Kam has won the following awards:
- National Quality Excellence Award 2014 for being the Most Innovative Company in the
Power Back up industry in India
- Innovative 100 Award 2013 by Inc. India magazine for bringing about technological
innovations in its products
- Asias Most Promising Brandin 2012-13 by World Consulting and Research Corporation
(WCRC)
- Su-Kam's solar power conditioning unit won the India Semiconductor Association's excellence
award in the energy category
- Award for 'Brand Excellence in Business Innovation' by Asian Leadership Awards
Su-Kam has been awarded 'Best Rural Solar Electrification Company of the Year' during Indian
Rooftop Solar Summit 2016.
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Bibliography.
1- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kunwer_Sachdev
2- http://www.su-kam.com/kunwer-sachdev-md-su-kam.aspx
3- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Su-kam_Power_Systems
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