UDC

Ge

GB 50112-2013

Technical code for buildings in expansive soil regions

2012-12-25

2013 -05 -01

Technical code for buildings in expansive soil regions

GB 50112 - 2013
:
:
:

2012

1587

GB 50112 -

2013 2013 5 1 3.0.3

5.2.2 5.2.16
))

GBJ 112 -

87

2012 12 25

(2009

))

( [2009J 88 )

))

GB]

112 - 87

7 9 :

:
1.
( A)

2. ""
3.

(:
30 ;: 100013)


1
2

...............................................................

......................................................

1
2

2.1

................................................

2.2

...............................................................

4 7
4. 1 ...................................................... 7

4. 2

.............................................

4.3

.............................................

5.1 ................................................... 12
5. 2

...................................................

12

5.3

.......................................

18

5.4

................................................

19

5.5

5.6

5.7

......................................

26

5.8

............................................................

27

...........................................................

29

......................................................
.............................................

.......................................

21

24

6.1

6. 2

.............................................

29
29

6.3

................................................

30

................................................

31

7.1

..........................................

31

7.2

.........................................................

31

7.3
A

..........................................

32

.................................

34

..............................

37

.............................................

40

50kPa ..............................

42

...............

44

..........................................

47

..................

50

..
...........................
:................................................

57

Contents

..........................................
T erms and Syrnbols ....................................

General Provisions

2.1

Symbols

Ruirement

2
2

........................ 3
Ba sic Requirement .... ........................ 5
Geotechnical Investigation ................................. 7
4. 1 General Requirement ............... 7
4. 2 Engineering Property Index of Rock-soil .................. 9
4.3 Site and Subsoils Evaluation .............................. 9
Design ...................................................... 12
5. 1 General Requirement .................. 12
5. 2 Subsoil Calculation ........................ 12
5.3 Site Selection and Site Planning ........................ 18
5. 4 Slope Land and Retaining Structure ......... 19
5.5 Architecture Measures ........................... 21
5. 6 Structure Measures ................................. 24
5.7 Subsoil and Foundation Measures .................. 26
5.8 Pipeline ............... 27
Co nstruction ................................................... 29
6. 1 General
.................................... 29
6.2 Subsoil and Foundation Construction 29
6. 3 Building Co nstruction ........................ 30
Maintenance Management ................................. 31
7.1 General Requirement ............... 31
7.2 Maintenance and Overhaul ................................. 31
2.2

Tens ..................

7.3

Improvement of the Damaged Building

Appendix A

32

The Relationship Between the Free Swelling

Ratio and the Co ntent of Montmorillonite ,
Cation Exchange Capacity

33

Appendix B

The Method of Observing the Deformation

of a Building ....................................... 34

Appendix C

Main Points of the In-site Loading Test

under Water Immersed . ........................ 37

Appendix D

The Test of Free Swelling Ratio

Appendix E

The Test of Swelling Ratio under

50kPa Pressure ...... ............. .... .. ..... 42

Appendix F

The Test of Swelling Ratio under Different

Appendix G

Pressure and the Test of Swelling Force 44

The T est of Shrinkage ........................ 47

Appendix H

The Table of Evaporative Power and

.........

40

Amount of Precipitation in Some

Regions of China ........................... 50
Appendix

Ground Floor Construction with Strict Request

for Utilization ... ..... ..... ... .. ....... ..... ... .. 53

.....................
List of Quoted Standards ...................................
Addition: Explanation of Provisions ...........................
Explanation of Wording in This Code

54
55
57

1
1. 0.1

1. O. 2

1.0.3

1. O. 4

2.1

2. 1. 1

expansive soil

'

2.1.2

free swelling ratio

2.1.3

swelling potentiality

2. 1. 4

swelling ratio

2.1.5

swelling force

2. 1. 6

value of swelling deformation

2. 1. 7

linear shrinkage ratio

2. 1. 8

coefficient of shrinkage

1%

2. 1. 9

value of shrinkage deformation

2. 1. 10

value of swelling-shrinkage deformation

2.1.11

grade of swelling-shrinkage

2.1.12

climate influenced layer

2. 1. 13

climate influenced markedly layer

2.2

2.2.1

Pe

kmax -
;
Q

;
5 c ;
5e

5;

;
Ve

2.2.2

f.~;

-;

Wl 1m ;

u-;

e{

ep

&;
s -;

2.2.3

A p -;

da ;
h i i ;
ho ;

hw ;

la -
;
lp ;

Vo

;
--;

;
i ;

-;
Zsn

--;

2.2.4

---;
A
4

3
3.0.1

3. O. 2

3. O. 2
3.0.2

1);

2)

3)
g

4) z

5) g
6) 3m 5m

1);

2) I

3.0.3

1 ;
5

2
;

3. O. 4

))

GB

50007

3.0.5
)) GB 50153

3. O. 6 B

3m

4
4.1

4.1.1

GB 50021 4. 1. 2 ~ 4. 1. 6

4.1.2

10

4.1.3

1/1000~1/5000;

2
;

;
4

50kPa

4.1.4

50kPa

C ;
4

4.1.5
1

8m 5m;

1/2;

2/3 3 ;

3
8

1m 1m

 1m 1 ;
F 1. 5m~2.

Om.

4.1.6
4.2
4.2.1

ef = 110 X 100

(4.2. 1)

: ef (%);
IIw (mL);
(mL)
4.2.2

E F

_ hw-ho
ho

100

(4.2.2)

: (%);
hw (mm);
h (mm)

4.2.3 F
4.2.4 G
z

Ll

.=

(4.2.4)

: . F
M. -

(%);

Llw-(

4.3
4.3.1

4.3.2

:
50 50~ 14 0

10m ;

50 5

1m

4.3.3

40% :

()

""

"X"

4.3.4

4.3.4
4.3.4
)ef (%)

40~ )ef

<65

65~ )ef

<90

)ef 90

4.3.5

4.3.5

10

 4.3.5
5 (mm)

15~ 5,
35~ 5

<35

, <70

5~70

4.3.6

I
E

(5.2.8) (5.2.9) (5.2.14)

E
4.3.7

1 C
;

4.3.8

11

5
5.1

5. 1. 1

5. 1. 2
15rm

5. 1. 3

5. 1. 4

5.1.5

5.2

5.2.1
:

1 ;

12

2
3

6
;

5.2.2 1m

5.2.3

5.2.4 ;

50~14o

5.2.4

5m~10m ( 5.2.4) :

d = O. 45da + (1 0 -lp)tan +0.30

:d

(5.2.4)

(m) ;

d a (m) ;

C);
lp (m)

5.2.4

H
5.2.5
1

:
k fa

(5.2.5-1)

: P k

13

 (kPa)

!a- (kPa)

(5.2. 5-1)

z
Pkm1.

:kmax

2!.

(5.2.5-2)

(kPa)

5.2.6

!a =!ak+Ym(d- 1. 0)

(5.2.6)

: !- (kPa) 4.3.7
;
-

5.2.7

:
Q

1m

1m

1. 2

;
5.2.8

14

1;

5.2.8

Se

= ce ~ Oern h i

(5.2.8)

: (mm);

0.6;

Oep;

() ;
h i i (mm);

n
Zen ( 5.2.8)
;

5.2.9

S5

='s~

si

D.Wi

hi

(5.2.9)

: (mm);

cs

0.8;

i ;

A i
() (5.2.10- 1)

;
n
Zsn ( 5.

2. 9)

;;

3m

5.2.10

15

AW.=W.-w
1-" 1- Tw"WP

~..

,1W ,

(b) 4m

(a)

5.2.9

5.2.9) 4m
[ 5.2.9 (b)J:

A =~Wl (~Wl -0.01)

(5.2. 10- 1)

~Wl = Wl wWp

(5.2.10-2)

Zsn - 1

:~Wi i () ;

~W} 1m ( h
Wl Wp 1m (
)

1m

5.2.11

10

z
=

1.

152 O. 726 0.00107c

(5.2.11)

z 9 2
( O.C

H F
c 1. 0 O.C

(mm)

16

5.2.12
5 5.2.12
5.2.12

(m)

d.

0.6

5.0

0.7

4.0

0.8

3.5

0.9

3.0

5.2.13 5.2.12
0.45

5.2.14 :

S="..2:(+ si

ts )h i

(5.2. 14)

i=l

: (mm);

O. 7

5.2.15 :
1

2 1&1& F
3 ;
4

6m~10m

5.2.16

5.2.16
5.2.16

17

 5.2.16

(II1II1)

.001

15

.0015

30

.0011

30

.00051

20

.0031

40

: 1; (m)

5.2.17

1 z
2

;
3

45

5.2.18

1. 2

5.3
5.3.1

1
z

2 ;

18

3
4

;
14

5.3.2 :
1 35mm;
2

;
4

5
;

5m

5.3.3

5.3.4

3m

5.3.5

4m

O. 75 O. 9

5m

5.4

5. ....1 4.3.2 2
19

 z
5.2.17 5.2.18

;
2

5.4.2

1. 5m;

( 5.4.3)

5.4.3

1 500mm

..;:

5.4.3

1; 2L; 3; 4$
5; 6; 7; 8

20

2
3

2m;

3m

6m~lOm ;

5% 3mm

5.4.4

3m

5.4.3

5.4.5

3m

5.4.6

1 5.4.3
5m;

3m
5.5

5.5.1

F
2

5.5.2
1

z
E

21

5.5.3

300mm o

5.5.4 ( 5.5.4) :

5.5.4

1; 2; 3; 4

C15

1
2

: 8 5.5.4 ;

3m;

5.5.4

300mm 3%~5%;

5.5.4
L

(m)

(mm)

(mm)

1. 2

" 100

100

1. 5

100

~150

2.0

" 120

200

22

5.5.5

I E

5.5.5) :

5.5.5

1 ; 2 ; 3; 4; 5

C15

lOOmm;

1 : 3 lOOmm~

200mm;
3

2 : 8 1m~

200mm;

I 2m.

E 3m.
3%~5%

5.5.6 :
1
J E

23

5.5.7

1
;

5.5.6 2 ;

2:8

O.8m;

4
5.6

5.6.1
1

:
;

2
5.6.2 :
1 240mm
MU10 M5
;

1m;

3
5.6.3

1
I E

;
;

I E
4m ;

3m ;

24

240mm

180mm 12
@200 C25
C20

5.6.4 :

1 ()
4. 2m
;

240mmX 240mm

12 @200
C20;

35

35d

5.6.5

600mm

60mm 0

5.6.6

240mm;
100mm 80mm

5.6.7

100mm

5.6.8

200mm

25

5.7
5.7.1

5.7.2

5.7.3

300mm

5.7.4

5.7.5

)) GB 50007
5.

5.7.6

7.

6 ~ 5.7.9

5.7.7

1
;

5.2.16

1) :

la
U
A
p

2) :

26

(5.7.7 1)

A--

LQA

(5.7.7-2)

3) (5.7.7- 1)
(5.7.7-2) 4 1

1. 5m
:

la --~
(m) ;

(kN) ;

Qk

(kN) ;
(m) ;

Up

JGJ 94 ;

Ap

(m2 )

(kPa) ;

h - CkPa)

5.7.8

GB 50007

5.7.9

100mm

5.8

5.8.1

5.8.2

27

5.8.3

5.8.4

100mm o

5.8.5

28

6
6.1

6. 1. 1

6.1.2

6.1.3

10m

15m ()
6.1.4

()
() 10m

6.1.5

()

6.2
6.2.1

()

6.2.2

()

6.2.3

()

150mm.........300mm

29

6.2.4

5m

6.2.5

6.2.6

()

O. 94

6.3
6.3.1

() 1

()

6.3.2

6.3.3

6.3.4

6.3.5

6.3.6

30

7.1

7. 1. 1

7. 1. 2

7. 1. 3

7.2
7.2.1

7.2.2

7.2.3

3.

O. 6

7.2.4

7.2.5

7.2.6

31

7.3
7.3.1

7.3.2

))

GB

50292 ;

32

8e f

CEC CNHt)

C%)

C%)

Cmmol/ kg )

40<8ef <65

7~14

170~260

65< 8ef <90

14~22

260~340

8e f " 90

>22

>340

e : 1

33

 B
B.O.l

B.O.2

))

B.O.3
1

JGJ

))

GB 50026

2 ( B.0.3) 3

RO.3

1; 2 Omm-50mm ;

3 mm-110mm ; 4 ; 5 z
6; 7; 8

34

B.0.4
1

;
2m 1 ;

(l ~2) ;

( B.O.4)
;

RO.4

))

JGJ

B.0.5

35

B.O.6

1
;

2 ;
3 ;
4

36

C.O.l

C.O.2

(c.

O.

2)

.."

lE il
Li

2b..

.."
N

l300135l350l350l350l350l35l350l350l350l350l350l350l350l30q

::mm

c.

O. 2

; 21> 127 ; 3 ; 4-1b ; 5 2b ;

6-3b ; 7

O.

; 8

1. Om

5 b 707mm;

lb 2b 3b

37

4b;

25kPa ;
50kPa ;

O.5h lh lh
;

2h O.lmm/h ;

()

; 3d ;

O.lmm/3d
;

9
c.

o. 2 6

7 ;

10

c. O. 3
1

:
(c.

o. 3)

p(kPa)

B
(EE
)

c. O. 3

OA

38

C
5

; AB ; BC-

30%
1/2 ;

frs

39

D.O.l

D. O. 2 :
1

50mL lmL

10mL 20mm;

50mm~

60mm 4mm~5mm;

2mm
2mm (D.

O. 2);

200g

O.Olg;

6
D. O. 2

O.5mm

0.3

100g

O.5mm ;
2

105"C ~ 110"C

10mm ( D. O. 3);

40

0)m

~1

(D. O. 3)

D. O. 3

; 2

O.lg;

30mL 5mL 5%

10

50mL;
6

2h (

O.lmU 0.2mL

(4.2. 1)

41

 E
E.0.1

50kPa

50kPa 50kPa

E.0.2 :
1 50kPa ;
2

3000mm2 5000mm2 20mm;

3
4
5

5IIlIIl'"-'1lIU 01mm;
3000mm2 5000mm2 25mm;

5mm.

E.O.3
1

200g O.Olg;

5mm
O.Olg z

lkPa~2 kPa
() 50 kPa

50kPa lh

O.Olmm ;

5mm F

2h

O.Olmm
;

42

O.Olg

E.O.4
1

50kPa :

e5 0
: e5
Zso

_
-

Zso

+Z

c5 0

Zo

ho

(E. O. 4)

50kPa (%) ;
50kPa
(mm);

Zc50 50kPa (mm);

Zo (mm);

h (mm)

(F. O. 4-2)

0.010

43

 F
F.O.l

F.0.2

1
;

3000mm2 5000m 20mm;

5mm--- lOmm

O.Olmm;

3000mm2 5000m 25mm;

S 200g O.Olg;
6

F.0.3

5mm

1
5mm
O.Olg ;

lkPa---2kPa (
) 50kPa

lmin---2min

44

 150kPa
50kPa ; 150kPa 25kPa ;

O.Olmm;

5mm
;

2h

O.Olmm
l 12h;

O.Olg

F. O. 4

z
:

=ZJZ-zo 100(F O L1)

: epi

(%);

Zp
(mm);

Z(mm);
Zo (mm);
h (mm)

2 :

e= (10) +eo
!:t o = Z~ + Zco - Zo

(F. O. 4-2)
(F.

o. 4-3)

: e-;
!:to (mm);
Z

(mm);

Zco (mr( F.

O. 4- 1);
45

eo -

0.01
dlffd

E
E

4:

'lr- z~o)
"1

50

150

p(kPa)

0.4-1

Mo

1; 2 F
3; 4

( F.

o. 4-2)
8

)JM
(

AaT

Ip(kPa)

F.

46

o. 4-2

G.O.l

G. O. 2 :
1 ( G.0.2)
10mm

70mm
50% ;

3000m

20mm;

60mm

21mm;

200g G.O.2

O.Olg;

5rrun~

; 2

; 3

4; 5

lOrrun O.Olrrun o

G. O. 3
1

()
( G.0.2);
O.Olg;
30 0C (20 0C) ;
2

lh~4h ;

47

 6h~24h

O.Olmm;

105"C ~ 110"C

G. O. 4

1 :
Wi =

( l)X 100

(G. O. 4- 1)

mi (%) ;

mi (g) ;

md - (g)

2 :

= X 100

(G. O. 4 2)

: ()si - Zi (%) ;
Zi

(mm);

Zo - (mm) ;

ho - (mm)

( G.0.4); :

()

FO

W 2

(%)

G.O.4

48

1) (G.

o. 4-2)

2) (4.2.4)

: b,.w

Wl-1

Ms =

s2 -s l

49

iif

(mm)

10

11

7.5 10. 7 32.2 68. 1 86.6 110.2 158.0 14 1. 7 146.9 80.3 38.0 9

18.5 27.0 5 1. 0 67.3 98.3 122.8 132.6 13 1. 9 67.2 43. 9 20.6 16.31

4.4 11.1 33.2 80.8 88.5 78.6 120.7 118.7 133.7 70.2 32.8 7.0

15.6 2 1. 5 51. 0 87.3 136.9 144.0 130.5 11 1. 2 74.4 44.6 20. 1 12.31

2. 7 7.7

14.3 20.3 49.8 83.0 138.8 140.8 126.2 112.4 75.5 45.5 20.4 19. 1

2.1 6.2

16.8 24.9 56.8 85.6 132.5 148.1 133.8 123.6 78. 5 54.6 23.8

5.5 8. 7 16.5 36.8 42.4 87.4 228. 8 163.2 70. 7 32. 2 26.4 8.11

16.0 24. 9 58. 2 87. 7 137.9 158.5 140.3 129.5 8 1. 0 56.6 24.8

8.2 11. 2 20.4 42. 1 40.0 90.4 237. 1 156.7 60.8 30.0 27.0 11.

14.2 20.6 43.6 60.3 94. 1 114.8 12 1. 5 118.1 57.4 39.0 17.6

9.2

6.5

22. 7 35.6 70.6 197. 1 243.5 64.0 21. 0 7.8

27.2 24.3 64.4 224.8 196.5 46.2 22.5 6.9 4.0

17.2 24.3 53. 1 78. 9 123. 7 137.2 123.3 123.7 77. 5 56.2 25. 6 15.5

11. 5 15. 1 24.4 52. 1 48. 2 11 1. 1 284.8 183.1 160.4 33. 7 32.3 13.3

13.2 20.2 47.7 71. 5 120.4 12 1. 1 110.4 112.3 73.4 48.0 2 1. 4 12.0

15. 7 12. 5 22.4

19.5 24.9 50. 1 70. 5 103.5 120. 6 140.0 139.1 80. 7 59.0 27.3 17.8

3 1. 8 53.0 78. 7 98. 7 97.3 139.9 182.0 12 1. 0 100.9 44.3 53.2 21. 2

19.0 25.9 52.0 74.4 114.3 136.9 137.2 136.0 79. 1 57.8 28.2 18.5

J
L

26.6 32.6 60.8

44.3 43. 3 82.4 234. 1 194.3 107. 9 36.0 35.3 16.3

62.5 74.3 106.8 205.8 153.7 87.0 38.2 40.3 22.0

19.0 25.6 5 1. 3 71. 7 11 1. 5 13 1. 9 150.0 146.3 80.8 59.2 27.9 18.5

33.6 50.2 75.4 106.1 105.9 96.3 18 1. 5 114. 1 80.0 43.2 52.5 3 1. 5

50

I~

10

11

12

20.3 26. 8 33.0 75. 7 122.3 153.0 140. 7 125.2 76.8 54.6 27.5 19.0

13.0 15.0 19.8 53.0 53.8 70.4 185. 7 156.4 72.2 39.9 37.9 10. 7

19.2 29.9 53. 3 74.4 113.8 144.8 137.6 132.6 78.8 55.6 26.5 18.6

14.2 16.1 36.2 69.9 66.0 84.0 196.8 163.1 93.8 47.3 31. 5 10.2

17.5 23.3 46.5 65. 7 105.3 13 1. 0 135.7 127.0 69.4 49.0 23.3 16.2

23.4 29. 1 52.2 70.5 108.6 13 1. 2 15 1. 3 146.2 89.9 62.5 31. 9 21. 7

26.4 30.3 55.9 99.4 119.5 136.5 184.6 114.0 73. 7 53. 1 47.2 22.8

22.8 27.6 54.2 72.6 11 1. 3 134.8 159. 7 149.9 84.2 64.7 31. 2 21. 6

27.4 45.5 73.7 11 1. 1 110.2 89.0 158. 1 98.9

14.5 20.3 43. 7 84. 1 74.8

76. 6 40. 1 59.6 26. 1

74.7 145.2 134.6 109. 7 61. 7 38.9 12.3

20. 1 24.8 45.6 61. 7 96.5 120.2 146.8 136.9 82.3 54.4 27.0 18.8

30.0 40. 7 77. 1 132. 7 160.2 165.9 177.6 124.6 70.0 74.0 53.5 31. 2

29. 1 27.9 47.1 59.4 90.6 105.8 15 1. 5 137.7 98.6 68.5 35. 7 27.5

55.0 89.0 13 1. 9 250. 1 23 1. 0 198.9 110.6 130.8 48.3 69.9 86.0 58.6

19.9 17.3 3 1. 1 66.1 168.7 195. 7 170.3 189.3 109.4 8 1. 3 39.6 17.7

37.1 41. 2 70. 1 68.0 125.5 122.0 138.5 132.8 10 1. 1 73.9 42. 7 35.5

32.5 31. 2 47.7 61. 6 91. 5 106.7 138.4 133.5 106.9 78.5 42.9 33.5

55.6 76.1 134.0 279.7 318.4 315.8 224. 2 166.9 65.2 97.3 83.2 56.6

31. 6 36.9 67.6 90.5 123.1 117.9 134.1 128.8 96.8 68.3 40.0 26.4

17.4 22.3 37.2

41. 8 36. 7 52. 7 67. 6 110.6 109.2 135.0 133. 1 11 1. 4 91. 2 52.1 42. 1

25. 1 33.4 51. 2 71. 3 116.0 115.7 136.3 130.5 10 1. 9 8 1. 7 46.1 35. 3

66.0 159.4 213.5 153.7 21 1. 2 134.5 67.3 37.2 22. 4

33.3 48.4 63.2 144.0 183.6 302.5 22 1. 4 244.9 10 1. 4 66.6 38.0 27.4

40.2 41. 8 63.0

84.1 183.3 24 1. 8 179.9 203.6 110.1 67.0 43.3 25.1

45.0 34. 7 54.9 74.3 123.0 108.5 127.2 119.0 91. 4 73.4 42.5 34.6

23.4 26.0 23. 1 62.4 126.7 144.3 20 1. 0 235.6 14 1. 7 74.1 40.4 18.0

51

10

11

12

36.0 34.2 51. 3 76.4 107.5 112.6 140.9 135.7 107.0 79.9 43.4 34.2

28.8 52.7 67.2 116.9 182.8 296.1 195.9 209.0 68.5 78.3 57.3 36.3

32.2 31. 8 51. 4 65.0 103.4 111.4 155.6 14 1. 2 109. 9 79.5 44.4 32.2

52.4 83.2 149.7 226.2 239.9 264. 1 127.6 138.4 90.8 57.3 49.3 43.5

40.1 35.9 53. 1 66.2 105.4 109.2 137.5 13 1. 1 99.5 88.4 54.5 41. 8

39.3 62.5 91. 3 158.2 266.7 299.2 220.0 225.5 204.0 52.2 42.0 19.7

43.0 37. 1 55.9 26.9 123.8 122.3 144.9 132.0 105. 1 87.8 58.9 46.2

25.2 38.7 63. 5 40.6 163.3 209.2 163.5 25 1. 2 254.4 90.9 44. 7 19.5

16.8 21. 4 43.8 61. 2 92.8 97.0 109.4 104.0 56.7 38.2 21. 9 15.2

6.1 10.9 20.2 54.5 83.5 162.0 244.0 224.6 143.5 43.9 19.7 6.1

17.5 21. 4 43.6 59.7 91. 0 94.3 107.7 102. 1 56.0 37.5 21. 7 15.7

5.1 11. 3 21. 8 51. 3 88.3 119.8 229.4 365.5 113.7 48.0 16.5 6.4

23.4 31. 4 66.1 83.0 97.7 81. 9 10 1. 9 92.8 61. 7 40.1 27.2 21. 2

5.6 6.6 12.6 26.6 74.3 144. 1 162.0 124.4 10 1. 2 62. 2 15.2 7.0

35.6 47.2 85.1 103.4 122.6 91. 9 90.2 90.3 67.6 53.0 36.9 30.1

10.0 9.9 13.6 19.7 78.5 182.0 216.5 195.1 123.0 94.9 33.6 16.0

44.4 56.9 99.6 116.7 140.2 105.4 107.5 100.8 81. 6 66. 5 44.2 39.2

14.2 14.2 25.9 40.9 75.7 13 1. 8 166.6 135.1 83.2 55.2 33.2 20.0

./

54.2 69.4 114.3 123.3 148.7 118.8 12 1. 2 116.9 95.3 76.4 52.2 44.8

12.5 11. 1 17.2 41. 9 80.3 142.6 132.1 133.3 72.4 74.1 37. 1 26.9

36.1 45.8 84.3 104.4 120.8 94.5 99. 3 93.6 70.5 59.5 40.4 34.3

13. 7 12.4 24.5 61. 6 103.9 154.0 194.6 175.0 103.6 64.9 31. 1 23.0

40.4 58.4 100.8 117.6 134.5 102.3 102.6 97.7 78.7 66.0 47.8 41. 3

12.9 16.4 26.2 45.9 90. 1 13 1. 8 150.8 150.5 81. 1 52.8 27. 7 19.8

21. 0 25.0 51. 8 70.3 90.9 92.7 116.9 110.1 74.4 46. 7 28. 1 21. 1

19.7 21. 8 33.2 108.3 19 1. 8 213.2 178.9 142.0 82. 6 89.2 55.9 25.7

JG

z ""

52

&'PO

(%)
e 4

2:0( epO <4

(mm)

100

120

h (mm)

300

300+ ( epO -4) X 100

~150

200

(mm)
: 1

epO;

3 h

l ; 2;

5 ; 6

53


1
:

1):
"""";
2) :
"""""";

3) :
"""";
4)
""

"

"""

54


'" 3A

))
))

GB 50007

GB 50021

)) GB 50026

)) GB 50153

E3ZO

))

))
I

))

GB 50292

JGJ 8
JGJ 94

55

GB 50112 - 2013


)) GB 50112 - 2013
2012 12 25 1587

)) GBJ 112 - 87
)) GBJ 112 - 87

((

58

.. 60

......

2.1
2.2

.. ...................... ................. . 62

...................................................

.........

62
62

............... ....... ................. ..

....... ................................................ ..

70
4.

4. 2

................

................................. ..
..........................

.........................

64

70
71

................................................

71

.....................................................................

82

4. 3

......................................... 82
5.2
.................. .. ..... ... 83
5.3 ........................ ................. 104
5.4
...................... ..... ... . .. .. 106
5.5
.................. .. 110
5.6
.................................. 111
5.7 ............................... ......... .. 112
5.1

................

...................

...............................
....................

5.8

.......................................................

..

118

6 119
6.1 ....... .......................................... .. 119

................... .......... 119

.. 120

6.2

6.3

.................................................

.........................................................

7.1
7.2
7. 3

......................................................

.......

............... .......... ..........

......... ...... .....

...............

121
121
122
122
59

1. 0.1

1. O. 2

1. O. 3

))

GB 50153

:
1)

2)

;
3)

""

60

1. O. 4

61

2.1

))

( [2008J 182 )

2. 1. 1

1)
2m

;
2) '

;
3)

15mm

2.2

)) GB] 112 - 87

:
1) " (fk) " "

(fak)";

62

2) " ( [fs] )""

( qsa)";

3) " ( [fp] )""

(qpa) "

63

3.0.1

[(Mg.

AD2 (Si40 lO ) (OH)2. nH 20 ]

810m2 /g 10
()

10% 29.5% 59% d (001)

1 1. 2A 15.1A 17.8A

20A
120A 10
Na2S04 10

Na2S04 10H 2 0 '

20 80 ""
:

2m 30%
//
/( 1

64

:
1
2

140

140

/0

120

120

t' 100

l
.
I-----~.
80
..

60 r-:~|
40r~!

h l I
20 r: i -- i

!
I
i

20

40

;6 ;

;6 ;

8ei=3. 3459M+ 16.894 R2 =0.8114

8.1=0. 2949CEC-10. 867 R2 =0.7384

40% 7%
170 15mm
;

90% 22% 340

70mm
100mm A A. 0.1 4.3.3
4.3.4

65

3. O. 2
:
1) ;
2) ;

3)

3. 0.2
(
)
""

200"C

53mm
106mm 79mm

66

(
)
E
70mm

3m

5.4.3
3m

3.

o. 2

I
35mm

67

3. O. 2
>>

3.0.3

GB 50007

:
1)

2)

:
(1) F

(2) ;
(3)

3)

4)

68

;
""

3. O. 6

69

4. 1. 1

4.1

)) GB 50021
:

1);
2) ;
3)

4. 1. 2

4.1.3

4.1.4

4.1.5

8m
3

70


5m 5m

)) GB 50021

4.2
4. 2. 1-4. 2. 4

D~
G

4.3
4.3.1

71

4.3.2

))

GB 50021 :(

)()()
14
5

()()
()
14
14

8
9

1)

(1) 1
1

72

324 64.0%.

24.8%
291 77. 4%.

30.6%

36 6.8%.

(2)

2
3 2
F

; 15m 9mm

15m ;
(m)

201

6m

5.40

20.46
(m)

A-A

(m)

201

6m

9.
(m)

73

(mm)
(m)

E ~ 1

5.40

20.46

~ 2

11. 43

(!I~

~ 3

15.57

9.00

(m)

" "

4.00

3. 10

9.90

10. 70

34.66

47.45

20.60

~ 4

20.46

E ~ 5

4.60

3.00

~ 6

9.00

24.40

(!I~ 6)

""

(mm)

34.20

10.29

44S751009761ll

6.10

: 1. "+""";
2. " 1"

,.-.....,

" 2"

(3 )
5
50~12 7

3
1. 35

50_12 0

()

()

(mm)

(mm)

(m)

(m)

1~1

( 1 1)

4. 0

3.2

~2

119.70

~3

146.80 118. 60

~4

112.80

~5

125.50

1~7

103. 3C

~8

100. lC

~9

114.4

90.00
~10

74

88. 10
1

48. 10

4.4

( II 2)

4.0

( II 3)

4.6

( II 4)

2.0

( II 5)

l()

(mm)

(mm)

(m)

(m)

()

2.13-

II 2-1

25.20

-2

12.20

-3

12.30

II 3-1

28.70

2.60

1. 00-

-2

11.50

1. 16

-3

25. 10

-4

32. 30

II 4-1

36. 50

-2

16.60

II2-4

8. 10

-5

20. 10

14.10

II 3-4

8.70

-5

11.80

11. 00

II 4-5

12.90

-3

20.80

-6

22.60 15.37

-4

30.60

-7

10.60

-8

27.00

II 5-1

50.30

1. 75-

2.61

-2

23.50

0.75-

-3

34. 70

1. 09

-4

24.30

-7

62.20

-8

42.10

24.40

25. 18

49.40

II 5-6

46.84

10.25

44.20 44.20

34.78

3 L : 50

II 2"""" II 5

: 12 0

II 3"""" II 5

ll2
(4)
:

75

----c-

."-

(
)

:
4. n'6 ~8.4%
1. 7%~3. 4% (2. 21~3. 36)

1. 35 ( 3)

:
;
"0"

76

"0"

2)

3)

4.3.3

40%

4.3.7

65 85
64 87

77

f C kPa)

0.6

0.9

1. 1

<0.5

350

280

200

O.

5~0.

300

220

170

O.

6~0.

250

200

150

4 ; 4

"
"

4.3.8

1
1)
5 ;

78

mm

35

~I'
_,

1 '0.

35

?+l'
_,

+
~+

.0.

+
+

-<>-

;3 ;4 ;5 ;6

10

127 ;7;

( :mm)

8( 0.5m 1. 0m1. 5m 2 Om 2.5m 3.0m);9

l ;2

2) 2mX3m 3m F
3) 2mX2m 3. 2m

0.5m

0.94 0

;
0.5m
1. 0m 1. 5m 2.0m 2.5m 5

12 ( 3 h
5) t127

4m;

e
100mm ;
7) ( 5)

B ;
8)
;
9) 8h

;
10)

1) ( 6)
;

2) ( 7) ;

80

()r
u

h
(kPa)

0.5
E

1. 0

1. 5

2.0
2.5

3) 3

30%
;
4)

81

5
5.1

5.1.1

20

10mm~20mm

""
""

82

I H
;
E

5. 1. 2

5.6.7

3m

5.2

I
5.2.1

5.2.2

l. Om

83


1. 0m

5.2.3

:
1. 6m
; 6 1. 5m~2.
1. 4mm~4.

Om ,

7mm ,

0.6m

49. 6mm I
(l ~2)

0.5m

1m
E

5.2.4

(5.2. 14 0

4.3.2 1
50~14 10m
; 10m (1 0 -lp)

tan+0.30

E
5.2.6

1. 0

32%~37% .

84

 ~ 14 7 0 50%; C 67kPa

15kPa 78% 28%

C
50%

5.2.7

7 167

( 23 ) (4~

10)
158

40

-10

E
E -20

-30
()

; 2

; 3

5 155

85

7??!

()

()

()

10

14

10

12

E
h

63 (40.6%)

64 (4 1. 3%)

3
3

(%)

14

3
28 08.1%)

8 1 :
1975 1979
45mm

:
1);
2) ;

3)

8
2

86

(7~8)

(mm)

(mm)

(%)
5-8

()

2369.3
852.4

75%

()

1681. 1

4-9

()

1356.6

69%

1600.0

4-10

100.0

89%

2154.6

6-9

759. 1

64%

1538.9

4-9

969.5

62%

190 1. 7

7-8

70%

(m)

0.2

0.5

0.5

0.4

0.2

0.5

(%)

10-4

10-3

28.0(9

11-3

5.5 (1)

11%

27.6(8 )

10-3

10-3

15.6 (1)
26.5(8

5.2 (1)

36%

()

14.0 (1)

31%

25.8(8 )

25%

32. 1( 8 )

4.9 (1

38%
11-5

603. 1

CC)

25.2(7 )
2.5 (1)

30%
L

87

(1. 2wp )

8 3

()

()

1. 0m

(5.

5.2.8

2.

8)

:
1)

2)

88

3)

X?F
40 6 12

=0.47+0.12

9 =0.47
7 10 <pe 12

<pe

=0.6 80%
7

()t.

O.

0.1~

0.2~

0.3~

0.4~

0.5~

0.6~

0.2

0.3

O. 4

0.5

0.6

O. 7

0.8

0.9

31

41

28

36.28

24. 78

7.08

0.89

2.65

64.60

89. 38

96.46

97.35 100.00

0.89

0.00

27.43

0.89

0.89

28. 32

0.8~

7~

113

89

70
60

E 50

40

30

20

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

=0 .47(mm)

100

50
40

80

36.28

30

60

lIi

20

:t:

40

20

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1.0

<,
10

5.2.9

1)
Wo ()
8
11

36.0%~44. 7%

90

 Ws & 3.7% 7.3%

(g/m3 )

. w

wo

(%)

eo

e.

(%)

w. (%)

..

1 -1

1. 76

44.7

1. 22

7.3

25.5

0.38

1 -2

1. 80

41. 9

1. 13

5.7

26.0

0.37

1 -3

1. 89

36.0

0.94

3.7

26.0

. o. 37

8.0
i

t 6.0
'<>

4.0

2.0

11

/). w

2)
9 12 ()s

W 11 12 :

91

AsoAs=32 b.w
12 C%) Ms b.w

& w

y (g/m3 )

(%)

eo

2A-1

2.02

22.0

0.63

0.55

9-1

2.04

20.6

0.59

0.28

5.0
4.0

3.0

2.0

~;

1. 0

10
12

20

w(%)

(j w

3)

:
;
(
)

92

4)

13

20

l5

|------(

c/)

,,

,,

---/

10

-'_

_'_Jr_---p- -- _~>- --~

50

100

150

200

250

:p(kPa)

13

1 0.7m :

1975 4~5 ;

0.7m : 1977 3~5 ; 3 2.0m

: 1977 10~12

5)

93

15

=0.58+0.23 0 =0.8 80%

s 10 140
10

"'.

0.2~ 0.3~ 0.4~ 0.5~ 0.6~

i,

O.

7~ 0.8~ 0.9~ 1. 0~ 1. 1~

1.

2~

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

O. 7

0.8

0.9

1. 0

1. 1

1. 2

1. 3

15

22

12

13

13

15

22

12

13

13

23

45

57

70

83

90

95

96

98

100

100

100
30

20

10
|

(1E 80

22.00

15

.. 6400

8.001 1 1 1 1 17 00

I I I I I I I I

20

14

6)

5.2.10 5.2.11

87

(1 0

94

o. 9

I O. 7 O. 6 E E
1
;

:
1) (l 951~1970)

11 1

12
11

20

(mm)

21. 0
25.0

(mm)

19.7

3
4

51. 8

21. 8
33.2

70. 3

108.3

5
6
7

90.9
92. 7
116.9

19 1. 8
213.2
178.9

110.1

142.0

9
10

74.7

82.5
89.2

11

46.7
28. 1

12

21. 1

55.9
25. 7

11

( H.

L. Penman)
95

12

(mrn)

(mrn)

21. 0

19.7

25.0

21. 8

51. 8

33.2

2) 13
13

'l'w

749.0

216.3

= /

0.289

c= >1

23.1

7260.210

O.

0.0010 .025

<w =

1. 152-0.

726

0.00107c

0.917

13 wO. 9

5.2.12

()
15

O.5m 7%; 4.5m

2% 16

5.2.12

96

A(%)

1. 0

i'

2.0

'

m3.O

(mm)

20

1. 0

"

40

5.0

4.0

-t"

16

l ; 2

,.

E
2.0

4.0

30
.

3.0

15

10

() ;

2()

5.2.14
:

epi si
(5.2.14) (5.2.8)
(5.2.9)

97

:
1)
800mm X 800mm d=lm
=100kPa o

14 10
(5.2.11)
1m =0.8
5.2.12 da =3.5m
zn=3.5m
14

(m)

epi

Wp

25

50

100

(kP a)

(kPa)

(kP a)

(kP a)

o. 85~ 1. 00

0.205

0.219

0.0592

0.0158

0.0084

0.0008

0.28

1.

85~2.

00

0.204

0.225

0.0718

0.0357

0.0290

0.0187

0.48

2.

65~2.

80

0.232

o. 232

0.0435

0.0205

0.0156

0.0083

0.31

3.

25~3.

40

0.242

0.242

0.0597

0.0303

0.0249

0.0157

0.37

2) d Zn 0.4

8
Oi ( 17)

98

w =W-\Vw p

17

3) -p

SL; 8 h; ( 15):
;~l

Se

= L; .

h;

= 43. 3mm

i=l

15

Zi

Zi- d

Pa b
(m)
(mm) (kPa)

01 1.

1. 32
2 1. 64
3 1. 96
4 2.28
5 2.50
6 2.82
7 3.14
8 3.50

hi

320
320
320
320

1.o 1.0

26.4

0.400

32.8

0.800 0.449 44.9

39.2

1. 2

80.0

0.257 25.7

45.6 1. 0 1. 600 0.160 16.0

320
320
320
3

P..
(kPa) POi 1 PZ

20.0

O. 0

(kPa)

50.0

1. 875 0.121 12.1

56.4

2.275 0.085

8.5

62.8

2.675 0.065

6.5

70.0

3.125 0.048 4.8

23.2

90.

113.2C

29.6 62.45 92.05

8'11;

:6&.11;

(mm)

(mm)

O. 15

lJepi

i=l

0.5

0.5

36.0 35.30 71. 30 0.0240 7.7

8.2

42.4 20.85 63.25 0.0250 8.0

16.2

47.8 14.05 61. 85 0.0260 8.3

24.5

53.2 10.30 63.50 0.0130 4.2

28.7

59.6

7.50 67.10 0.0220 7.0

35.7

66.4

5.65 72.05 0.0210 7.6

43.3

15 L (mm) b (mm)

4) 14 1m Wl =0. 205 ,
wp =0.219;

~Wl =Wl W p = 0.205 O. 8 X O. 219 = O. 0298

99

 (5. 2. 10-1) = L~:Wl

(UIJ. 1) :
i

~Si

; h i

i=l

( 16):
Ss

= ~Si

D.Wi

h i 19.4mm

i=l

16

hi

Zn

(mm)

(m)

(m)

A=

1 '/Jw

1. 00

320
320

2 I 1. 64

320

3 I 1. 96

320

2.28

3.50

320

5 12.50

320

6 12.82

320

7 I 3.14
8

Zi

1 I 1. 32

360
3.50

0.0298

Zi- 1
Zn I

W;

0.0298
0.0272

0.26

0.0247

0.38

0.0223

0.51

0.0197

0.60

0.0179
0.0153

0.86

0.0128

1. 00

0.0100

,; .'11;

Wi

0.13

0.73

,;

(mm)

(mm)

0.0285

0.28

2.6

2.6

0.0260

0.28

2.3

4.9

0.0235

0.48

3.6

8.5

0.0210

0.48

3.2

11. 7

0.0188

0.48

2.9

14.6

0.0166

0.31

1. 6

16.2

0.0141

0.37

1. 7

17.9

0.0114

0.37

1. 5

19.4

5) (5.2. 14) z
Ses

5.2.16

= 'es(Se +Ss) =0. 7X

(43.3 19.4)

=43. 9mm

55

5.2.16
55
()
:

1)
17 18

100

 17
(mm)

<10

10-20

20-30

30-40

40-50

50-60

17

29

58.62

20.69

3.45

10.34

3.45

3.45

17

11.76

41. 18

29.41

11. 76

5.88

18
)

<1

1-2

2-3

3-4

38.89

44.44

11. 11

5.56

14

57. 14

35.72

7.14

18

46 : 29

10mm 58.62% ; 20mm

79.31%0 17 88.24%
10mm

32 : 18

1% 38.89% ; 2%

83.33%0 14
1% 1%0~2% 57.14%

15mm 1%

2)

19 7
5 4. 9mm~26. 3mm;

O. 83%0 ~ 1. 55%

19. 2mm~40. 2mm; 1. 33%0~ 1. 83%0

():

101

()
""

30mm; 1. 5%0
19

(nun)

-4)

26.3

1.52

1 -5)

21. 4

1. 03

19.7

0.83

4.9

1. 55

(2)

6.3

0.94

19.2

1. 33

40.2

1 -5)

1. 83

3)

20
20

(nun)

27.5

0.00251

4.3

0.00031

1979 6

27.5mm 0.002 1981 12

4 1. 3mm 0.003l

102

3%0'
:

120mm; :
0.004 0.003 0 1978
:
0.006/ 150mm
0.5 0.25
0.003l 37.5mm

40mm 0.0031 (6m

)

:
;

:
10mm~20mm

10mm
20mm;
20mm

35mm

E. 12mm~
15mm

6)

103

5.2.17

45

45

5.3
5.3.1

4 " 14

104


140 50

5
()

5.3.2

35mm
5.2.16 40mm
35mm

5.3.5

()
O. 75
0.9 16m

457 6
.4m~O.6m

96mm
1975 1977
4mm; 1977 1979 5

46.4mm

105

 75%

4m
5m

5.4
5.4.1 5.4.2

:
1)

;
2)

;
3)

5.4.3-5.4.5

106

"" 20 80
:

()()
:

;
18 (=35.0%.d

=12. 4kN/m

:
1 ; l

5.0

4.0
E

.,

3.0

'"~

2.0

i<

1. 0

20

40

60

80

100

120

(kPa)

18
1 1

=30 kP a; 2-(11 =50 kPa; 3-(11 =80 kPa

107


()

-
2m
(l O~16) kPa

40mm
7. 3kPa~2 1. 6kPa
; 15.

1kPa ~ 50. 4kPa ,

O. 65 ;
2

3 1. 1% 13.8kN/
1. Om~3. Om
49kPa 51kPa 53kPa
41kPa 41kPa 43kPa o

0.8
:

5.4.3 3m

1m
3m

108

3m

5.4.6

5.2.4

87

5 5 6

109

5.5

5.5.2

5.5.4 5.5.5

(
2m)

1/5
3mm

19

I E ;

5.5.6

110

50

(EE

m
)
H
-
.

40

<

20
+

10

4 -Jf----

2.0

1. 0

3.0

4.0

5.0

6.0

(m)

19

1-0.5m ; 2- 1. 0m ;

3-1. 5m ;

4-2.0m ;

5-3.0m ; 6-4.m

5.6

5.6.1

5.6.3

24m

111

5.6.4

5.6.7

5.6.8

5.7
5.7.1 5.7.2

: 2%~8%
21

21

50 kP a

C%)

<d)

C%)

C%)

36.0
7
28

CkPa)

C%)

<%)

9.3

284.0

16.20

3.10

0.5

0.0

9.6

5.20

1. 90

0.2

O. 0

O. 7

4.30

1. 07

Ca+

112

 15mm

5.7.5-5.7.9

( 20)

20

;
"" 21
CD 9m
AB 7m 40mm o CD AB

" "0 0
""

113

(mm)

~4

21

(mm)

10

30

50

70

"
3A-Y

(SM

7
22

1; 2

""

114

: 230mm
3m 4m

3m 42.0kN

4m

57. 6kN; 3m 60mm 4m

6mm ( 22)
3. 3m 3.3m

1)
23 ;

2) 00

3
4 ;

115

mi)

iL

23

(:

1-; 2; 3(); 4

; 6

mm)

; 5

(); 7-1> 127 ; 8

; 9; 10-()

3)

;
4)

lOOmm;
5) j
;

6)

116

7) 8h

;
8)

9)

1) ( 24);
(ZUA
)
RM
()

24

2)

:
l.J esk -

: q

v.l8X

1c

(kPa) ;

Ul8X (kN) ;

117

d (m);

1 (m)

3)

Q.
2 . d l
U

: q
(kPa) ;
(kN)

Qu

GB 50007 ;
5) 3

30%

5.8

5. 8. 1-5. 8. 3

5.8.4

118

6
6.1

6. 1. 1

6. 1. 2 "
"""

:
1);

2) ;
3) ;
4)

6.2
6. 2. 1-6. 2. 4

119


5m ( 5m) ()

5m
()()

6.2.6

()

6.3
6.3.1

6.3.6

()

120

7.1

7.1.1

1) ;
2) ;

3) ;

4) ;

5)
:

:
65mm

7. 1. 2 7. 1. 3

121

7.2
7.2.1

()
7.2.2 7.2.3

7.2.6

7.3
7.3.1

7.3.2

122