University of the Philippines

College of Science

Physics 73
1st Long Probset
1st Semester AY 2014-15

USEFUL CONSTANTS
ideal gas constant: R = 8.314 J/molK = 0.08206 Latm/molK
Boltzmann constant: k = 1.381 10-23 J/moleculeK
Stefan-Boltzmann constant: = 5.67 10-8 W/m2K4
1 atm = 1.01105 Pascal
1000 liter = 1 m3
Avogadros number: NA = 6.022 x 1023 molecules/mol
INFORMATION ABOUT WATER
normal freezing point = 273.15 K = 0.00C
normal boiling point = 373.15 K = 100.00C
triple-point temperature = 273.16 K = 0.01C
specific heat (liquid water) = 4.19 103 J/kgK
specific heat (ice) = 2.10 103 J/kgK
latent heat of fusion = 3.34 105 J/kg
latent heat of vaporization = 2.256 106 J/kg
Hour 2
1. Which of the following system/s of blocks is/are at the thermal
equilibrium?
I

A.
B.
C.
D.
E.

II

I only
II only
III only
I and II only
I and III only

A-2

III

2. What is
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.

in a Kelvin scale?

3. In the Celsius scale, what is the temperature reading at absolute zero?

A. +273.15 C
B. -523.67 C
C. 0 C
D. +523.67 C
E. -273.15 C
Hour 3
4. A brass bar of length
is subjected to a thermal expansion.
How high should be its temperature change so that it will increase its
].
length by
?[
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
5. Five materials listed below are subjected to the same temperature
change. Which of the materials will experience the greatest magnitude
of tensile stress?
Youngs
Coefficient of
Choice Material
]
Modulus [ ] Thermal Expansion [
A
Aluminum
B
Brass
C
Copper
D
Glass
E
Steel
A-3

6. The coefficient of linear expansion of a material was determined to

be . What should be its coefficient of volume expansion?
A. 2/3
B. /4
C. /7
D. 3
E. 5
Hour 4
7. A 1.3 kg sample of copper (c = 0.389 kJ/kgK) was heated to 100C
and placed in a container filled with 500 mL of water with temperature
20C. What is the final temperature of the system?
A. 210 C
B. 100 C
C. 20.0 C
D. 35.0 C
E. 60.0 C
8. An insulated vessel contains some amount of steam at 100 C. If 3.00
kJ of heat is needed to flow out of the steam to completely condense it
at this temperature, what was the amount of steam in the vessel?
A. 1030 g
B. 75.5 g
C. 243 g
D. 1.33 g
E. 20.6 g
9. 1.00 kg of ice at 0.00C and 1.00 kg of steam at 100C were put in a
thermally insulated vessel and was allowed to attain thermal
equilibrium. What is the final temperature of the system?
A. 0.00C
B. 100C
C. 50.0C
D. -37.0C
E. 279C
A-4

Hour 5
10. What is the heat current for a 2.00m copper cylindrical wire with
diameter 3.00cm if the difference in temperature on both ends is 100K?
(kcopper = 400 W/mK)
A. 14 W/m2
B. 56 W/m2
C. 2.0 W/m2
D. 200 W/m2
E. 940 W/m2
11. A surface has emissivity of 0.500. What is the radiation heat
transfer per unit area if the temperature of the surface is 130C?
A. 1.85 W
B. 1.42 x 109 W
C. 7.1 x 108 W
D. 7.48 x 102 W
E. 75.0 W
12. Which of the following processes involve energy transport due to
bulk fluid motion?
A. Conduction
B. Convection
C. Radiation
D. Fluctuation
E. Convolution
Hour 6
13. Consider the following ideal gases whose pressure P, volume V and
temperature T are given. Which of the following correctly describes the
relationship among the number of moles nI, nII and nIII?
I.
P = 2 atm, V = 2 L, T = 300 K
II.
P = 1 atm, V = 1 L, T = 600 K
III.
P = 3 atm, V = 1 L, T = 300 K
A-5

A.
B.
C.
D.
E.

nIII > nI > nII .

nII < nI = nIII .
nII > nII = nIII .
nII < nIII < nI .
nI < nIII < nII .

14. A mass of air is at pressure P and volume V at 1.00C. When it is

made to occupy half this volume at three times this pressure, its
temperature becomes approximately
A. 410C
B. 1.50C
C. 138C
D. 183C
E. 0.67C

Hour 7
15. Which of the following is an assumption of the kinetic molecular
theory?
A. The size of gas particles is comparable to the container dimensions.
B. Gas particles undergo inelastic collisions with the container walls.
C. The gas particles obey Newtons laws of motion.
D. The walls of the container are flexible and move upon collision with
gas particles.
E. The gas molecules can lose energy due to collisions and eventually
come to rest.
16. What is the rms-speed of air molecules when its temperature is
25.0C? The molar mass of air is 28.97grams/mole.
A. 147 m/s
B. 16.0 m/s
C. 293 m/s
D. 507 m/s
E. 358 m/s

A-6

17. What is the fraction of He atoms with speeds above 1368m/s if the
temperature is 300K? The molar mass of Helium is 4.00 grams/mole.
v/vrms
0.20
0.40
0.60
0.80
1.00
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.

fraction
0.011
0.077
0.218
0.411
0.608

v/vrms
1.20
1.40
1.60
1.80
2.00

fraction
0.771
0.882
0.947
0.979
0.993

0.608
0.882
0.218
0.077
0.392

Hour 8
18. The Dulong-Petit law was used early in this century to determine
the molecular weights of crystalline solids. A certain pure metal has a
specific heat of 230 J/kgK at high temperatures. What is the molecular
weight of the metal?
A. 0.108 kg/mol
B. 1.084 kg/mol
C. 10.840 kg/mol
D. 108.400 kg/mol
E. 1084.000 kg/mol
19. Which of the following statements is/are always true.
I.
Helium gas has 3R/2 predicted molar specific heat at constant
volume.
II.
O2 gas has 3 translational and 2 rotational degrees of freedom.
III.
Methane (CH4) has 4R predicted molar specific heat at constant
pressure.
A. I only
B. II only
A-7

C. III only
D. I and II only
E. I, II and III
20. According to the equipartition theorem, what is the (on average)
total kinetic energy of a N2 molecule if the temperature is 400K?
A. 1.38 x 10-20 Joules
B. 2.76 x 10-21 Joules
C. 8.29 x 10-21 Joules
D. 1.66 x 10-20 Joules
E. 3.15 x 10-20 Joules
Hour 9
21. A cylinder fitted with a piston contains 0.10 mol of air at room
temperature (20C). The piston is pushed slowly so that the air within
the cylinder remains essentially in thermal equilibrium with the
surroundings. What is the work done by the air within the cylinder if the
final volume is one-half the initial volume?
A. +112 J
B. -169 J
C. +169 J
D. -576 J
E. +576 J
For the next two numbers, consider the PV diagram shown. One mole
of helium gas, initially at STP (p1 = 1atm ; T1 = 0C), undergoes an isovolumetric process in which its pressure falls to half its initial value.

A-8

22. What is the final temperature of the gas?

A. 12.64 K
B. 44.89 K
C. 89.73 K
D. 102.45 K
E. 136.58 K
23. If the helium gas then expands isobarically to twice its volume,
what is the work done by the gas?
A. 169 J
B. 576 J
C. 1135 J
D. 1693 J
E. 2080 J
24. The pressure of a non-ideal gas varies with pressure as ( )
(
) . What is the work done when 0.500 moles of this
gas expands isothermally at T = 300K from a volume of 0.0500 m3 to
0.100 m3?
A. 3060 Joules
B. 864 Joules
C. 696 Joules
D. 102 Joules
E. 579 Joules
Hour 10
25. A system containing an ideal gas at a constant pressure of 1.22 x 105
[Pa] gains 2140 [J] of heat. During the process, the internal energy of
the system increases by 2320 [J]. What is the change in the volume of
the gas?
A. +1.48 x 10 3 [m3]
B. 1.48 x 10 3 [m3]
C. +3.66 x 10 3 [m3]
D. 3.66 x 10 3 [m3]
E. zero [m3]
A-9

26. A fixed amount of ideal gas is compressed adiabatically. Which

entry below correctly depicts the sign of the work done W, the change in
the internal energy U, and the heat exchanged Q with the
environment?
A. W > 0, U < 0, Q=0
B. W < 0, U = 0, Q>0
C. W < 0, U < 0, Q=0
D. W > 0, U > 0, Q=0
E. W < 0, U > 0, Q=0
27. An ideal gas changes its state reversibly from A to C. Which of the
following is true about the change of internal energy of the gas?

A.
B.
C.
D.
E.

Greatest for process A C

Greatest for process A B
Greatest for process A D
Least for process A C
The same for all three paths

C
C

Hour 11
For the next three questions, refer
to the following situation:
An ideal monatomic gas expands
isobarically from state A to state B.
It is then compressed isothermally
from B to state C and finally
cooled at constant volume until it
A-10

returns to its initial state A.

VA= 4.0 x 10 3 [m3]
VB= 8.0 x 10 3 [m3]
PA= PB = 1.0 x 10 6 [Pa]
PC= 2.0 x 10 6 [Pa]
TA = 600 [K]
28. What is the temperature of the gas when it is in state B?
A. 437 [K]
B. 573 [K]
C. 927 [K]
D. 1200 [K]
E. 1473 [K]
29. How much work is done by the gas in expanding from A to B?
A. 1.0 x 10 3 [J]
B. 2.0 x 10 3 [J]
C. 3.0 x 10 3 [J]
D. 4.0 x 10 3 [J]
E. 5.0 x 10 3 [J]
30. How much heat is taken from the gas in going from B to C?
A. 2.5 x 10 3 [J]
B. 5.5 x 10 3 [J]
C. 4.5 x 10 3 [J]
D. 6.5 x 10 3 [J]
E. 8.0 x 10 3 [J]

Hour 12
31. What must be the compression ratio of an Otto engine for its ideal
efficiency to be 66.1% if the working substance has
?
A. 2.17
B. 14.9
C. 0.281
D. 36.8
A-11

E. 9.41
32. A cycle of an engine that uses a diatomic gas as its working
substance is shown by the figure. What is the efficiency of this engine if
,
?

A.
B.
C.
D.
E.

84.6 %
23.1 %
0%
15.4 %
76.9 %

33. An engine absorbs 100 J and rejects 75 J of heat each cycle. What is
the power output of the engine if each cycle takes 0.5 s?
A. 200 W
B. 50 W
C. 150 W
D. 300 W
E. 75 W
Hour 13
34. A refrigerator absorbs 6.00 kJ of energy from a room and rejects
9.00 kJ outside. Determine the coefficient of performance of this
refrigerator.
A. 2.00
B. 2.50
C. 1.50
D. 0.67
E. 0.40
A-12

35. Consider the hypothetical setup below. An engine with an efficiency

of 0.250 is used by a refrigerator with a COP of 3.50. If the engine uses
100 kJ per cycle to operate, how much heat can the refrigerator remove
from its cold reservoir per cycle?

A.
B.
C.
D.
E.

87.5 kJ
350 kJ
25.0 kJ
75.0 kJ
263 kJ

36. Which of the following diagrams best represents a refrigerator?

A.

B.

D.

E.

C.

A-13

Hour 14
37. A heat engine absorbs heat Q from a hot reservoir. Which of the
following statements is/are TRUE?
I.
The amount of work done by the engine must be greater than Q.
II.
The heat exhausted to the cold reservoir is less than Q.
III.
The heat Q absorbed from the hot reservoir is converted
completely to mechanical work.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.

I only
II only
III only
I and II only
II and III only

Hour 15
38. A Carnot engine is designed so that it will perform with
efficiency. What should be the ratio of between the temperatures of cold
and the hot reservoirs in that engine ( )?
A. 3/10
B. 10/3
C. 7/10
D. 10/7
E. 17/10
39. A Carnot refrigerator takes heat from water at 0C and rejects heat
to a room at 24C. If 100 kg of water at 0C is converted to ice at 0C,
how much energy must be supplied to the refrigerator?
A. 1.2 106 J
B. 1.4 106 J
C. 2.5 106 J
D. 2.7 106 J
E. 2.9 106 J
A-14

40. Which of the following processes are parts of the Carnot cycle for a
Carnot refrigerator?
i.
Isothermal compression at TC
ii.
Adiabatic expansion to TH
iii. Isothermal expansion at TC
iv.
Adiabatic compression to TC
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.

ii only
iii only
ii and iii only
i, ii, and iv only
ii, iii, and iv only

Hour 16
41. 1.51 kg of steam condensed into liquid water at 100 C. Compute its
change in entropy.
A. -9.13 kJ/K
B. +34.07 kJ/K
C. +9.13 kJ/K
D. -34.07 kJ/K
E. 0 kJ/K
Hour 17
42. Which of the following statements is/are always true?
I. A state that can occur in many ways is a state of high order.
II. To associate a number with disorder, the disorder of a state is taken
proportional to the number of ways the state can occur.
III. Entropy is a measure of irreversibility that is associated, on the
molecular level, with the increase of order.
A. I only
B. II only
C. III only
D. I and II only
E. I, II and III
A-15