DTP

Desktop publishing (abbreviated DTP) is the creation of

documents using page layout skills on a personal computer.
Desktop publishing software can generate layouts and produce
typographic quality text and images comparable to traditional
typography and printing. This technology allows individuals,
businesses, and other organizations to self-publish a wide range
of printed matter. Desktop publishing is also the main reference
for digital typography. When used skillfully, desktop publishing
allows the user to produce a wide variety of materials,
from menus to magazines and books, without the expense of
commercial printing.
PHOTOSHOP
CORELDRAW
PAGEMAKER

PHOTOSHOP
Introduction
Adobe photoshop is a popularimage editing software that provides
a work environment consistent with Adobe Illustrator, Adobe
InDesign, Adobe ImageReady,and other products in the Adobe
Creative Suite.

History
Photoshop was created in 1988 by Thomas and John Knoll. Since
then, it has become the de facto industry standard in raster
graphics editing, such that the word "photoshop" has become a
verb as in "to photoshop an image," "photoshopping," and
"photoshop contest," etc. It can edit and compose raster
images in multiple layers and supports masks, alpha

compositingand several color models including RGB, CMYK, Lab

color space, spot color and duotone. In addition to raster graphics,
it has limited abilities to edit or render text, vector
graphics (especially through clipping path), 3D
graphics and video.

What is photoshop?
Photoshop is considered one of the leaders in photo editing
software.Photoshop is graphics based program created with
images known as raster graphics. Raster graphics are comprised
of a raster (a grid) of small squares called pixels.Objects in
photoshop are groups of many pixels-each of which can be a
different color.Raster images require more money and storage
than vector images.Photoshop is a memory-hungry program. The
software allows users to manipulate, crop, resize, and
correct color on digital photos. The software is particularly popular
amongst professional photographers and graphic designers.

How to open Photoshop and start a new

document?
Locate the photoshop icon and click on it to launch the
application.
In the Menu bar click File>New.(Cntrl+N) .

Formatting the New Document

Name the new document using the Name field at top of the
window.
Set the width to 8.5 inches using the Width field.
Set the height to 11 inches using the height field.
Set the resolution to 150 pixels/inch using the Resolution
field.
Set the color mode to RGB and 8 bit using the Mode drop
down menu.
Set the background contents to white using the drop down
menu.

Click OK
File Format
.PSD -Photoshop files have default file extension as .PSD,
which stands for "Photoshop Document." A PSD file stores an
image with support for most imaging options available in
Photoshop. These include layers with masks, transparency,
text, alpha channels and spot colors, clipping paths,
and duotone settings. This is in contrast to many other file
formats (e.g., .JPG or .GIF) that restrict content to provide
streamlined, predictable functionality. A PSD file has a
maximum height and width of 30,000 pixels, and a length
limit of 2 Gigabytes.

 .PSB -Photoshop files sometimes have the file

extension .PSB, which stands for "Photoshop Big" (also
known as "large document format"). A PSB file extends the
PSD file format, increasing the maximum height and width to
300,000 pixels and the length limit to around 4 Exabytes.
The dimension limit was apparently chosen arbitrarily by
Adobe, not based on computer arithmetic constraints (it is
not close to a power of two, as is 30,000) but for ease of
software testing. PSD and PSB formats are documented.
Tagged Image File Format(.tiff)- Typically creates larger
files than .png or .jpeg,but allows you to retain layer
information,while still applying compression. Like PSD files,
TIFF (Tagged Image File Format) is one of the few file types
that support all of Photoshop's features and is another great
choice for archiving your images, with lossless compression
that allows you to save photos with the highest possible
image quality

Joint Photographic Experts Group(.jpg/.jpeg)-This format flattens

your image and compression it relative to the level of quality
you want to retain ,on a scaleof 1(worst) to 12(best). .jpegis
a common format for images on the web. The biggest
strength of JPEG files is convenience. They're usually small
enough that they can easily be uploaded and displayed on
web pages, or on photo sharing sites like Facebook and
Flickr, and emailed to family and friends. Online printing
services usually require your photos to be uploaded as JPEG
files. The downside to JPEGs is that the reduced quality
caused by image compression means they're not a good
choice for printing when image quality is your primary
concern, and they're also not a good choice for archiving
your originals.

 PNG (Portable Network Graphics)- was originally meant to replace

the GIF format (PNG also stands for "PNG not GIF"). That
never happened and GIF files are still in wide use today, yet
the PNG format improves upon the GIF format in nearly
every way. It even improves on the JPEG format. While JPEG
files support 24-bit color (16.7 million colors), PNG files
support up to 48-bit color, giving us more than 1 billion
possible colors! That may sound impressive, but even JPEG
files support more colors than the human eye can see, so
any real world differences between 24 and 48-bit color are
minimal at best.

GIF(Graphics Interchange Format)- The GIF file format,

which stands for Graphics Interchange Format, has been
around even longer than JPEG, and it's the format of choice
for web graphics. GIF files can only display up to 256
colors, far less than the thousands of colors needed to
convincingly reproduce a photographic image (and far less
still than the millions of colors supported by the JPEG
format).When it comes to web design, though, the GIF
format is indispensable. The files are well suited for web
page layouts, banners and buttons, especially if they contain
large areas of solid color. All major web browsers support GIF
files and their small file sizes load quickly on the screen. GIF
also allows web designers to create simple animations. One
major advantage GIF has over the JPEG format, and another
reason why it's so important for web designers, is that it
supports transparency, although it supports only one level
of transparency, meaning a pixel is either transparent or it's
not. This can result in harsh edges around graphics if the
edge color differs from the color of the background it's

placed over. For higher quality transparency effects, a better

choice is the PNG format.

EPS(Encapsulated PostScript)- EPS is another print

industry standard format that's been around for quite a
while, but its use has been in decline over the years. EPS
files are not really image files in the traditional sense.
Instead, they contain a series of instructions for how a
printer should reproduce the image. They can be imported
into most page layout programs, but the "encapsulated" part
means the files are essentially locked and can no longer be
modified unless they're re-opened in Photoshop.

PDF(Portable Document Format)- PDF is also gaining in

popularity as a great choice for saving images destined for
print. Like the PSD and TIFF formats, PDF supports and
preserves all of Photoshop's features, including the ability to
use spot colors, something the EPS format does not support.
PDF gives you the choice of either JPEG compression,
complete with a Quality setting to balance image quality
with file size, or lossless ZIP compression. And the PDF
format benefits from the fact that anyone with the free
Adobe Reader installed on their computer can view the
image.The most important thing to remember is to save your
working Photoshop file as an unflattened PSD file to use as
your master copy, which will preserve all of your layers,
channels and so on in Photoshop's native file format,
allowing you to return to your work at any time. From there,
you can save a copy of your image in one of the other six
formats depending on where the image is headed (print, the
web, or a multimedia program) or which format your printer
has requested.

Interface Layout

Menu Bar
At the very top of the screen as always is the Menu Bar, a
common feature of most programs these days.Menu bar which
contains all the main functions of photoshop such as

File,Edit,Image,Layer,Select,Filter,View,Window
Help.

and

Tool Bar
Along the left side of the screen is Photoshop's Tools panel,
formerly known as the Tools palette), and also commonly
referred to simply as the Toolbox.Most of the major tools are
located in the Tool bar for easy access.

Panels
Along the right side of the screen in Photoshop is where we find
the Panels column (panels were known as palettes in earlier
versions of Photoshop). Panels give us access to all kinds of
commands and options for working on our images, from
organizing layers and viewing individual color channels to
choosing colors, stepping back through history states, working
with text, viewing information about our images, and so much
more. Most of the panels in Photoshop are the same ones that
have been available in earlier versions of Photoshop.Panels
contain functions that help you monitor and modify images.By
default,palettes are stacked together in groups .These are the
panels that are the usually visible:
Navigator, Color, History, Layer . If none of the panels are
visible, go to Window in the Menu bar and choose panels you
need to work with.

Navigator
The Navigator panel allows you to resize and move around within
the image .Drag the slider,click on the Zoom In and Zoom Out
icons,or specify the percentage to navigate in the image.

Color, Swatches, Style

The Color palette displays the current foreground and
background colors and RGB values for these colors. You can use
the slider to change the foreground and background colors in
different color modes.

In the Swatches palette you can choose a foreground or

background color or add a customized color to the library.

The Style palette allows you to view, select, and apply preset
layer styles. By default, a preset style replaces the current layer
style. You can use the styles and add your own using the Create
New Style icon.

Layers